Newspaper Page Text
<< UKKBf FRiDAV. IKpfBIS 3,155&
A Hew InvenllOD.
We have bee a shown by the inventor, Mr.
John M. Hail, of Warren county. Oa., an dgri
cultural implement, which is designed to bieilitqte
the operation of chopping cotton. It is claimed,
and vouched by a number of persons, that, by the
use of it, one man and a horse can do the work of
five or ?ix hands. The whole apparatus is placed
upon a pair of cast iron wheels. In front are two
sftall turning plows with # the%ars of each in
juxtaposition, but separated aWhe.prepcr distance
for making a furrow on each side of the cdfctoH at
the same time. Behind and connected by a sim
ple cog gearing with one of the abovy mentioned
wheels, is a cirrular cast iron frame for receiving
the knives or hoes for chopping the drill. A for
ward motion of the machine give a rotary motion
to the hoes, and by the combination of both mo
tions, spaces are alternately chopped and passed
over. The space chopped is determined by tbc
width of the hoc. while the distance skipped may
be regulated by their number or the direction given
to them on the frame. On the whole we are much
pleased with the invention aiul think it may be
practically applied with great advantage on old
laud. We understand that Messrs. Hall Mose# A
Cos., will soon have some for exhibition and sale,
when our planting friends will have an opportuni
ty tojndgefor themselves,.
Message of the Qov. of Florida.
We have received the auuual message of the
Governor of Florida to the General Assembly, with
accompanying documents. The message is a
lengthy document, but it is replete with good
sense and wise counsel. Following the track ot
Gov. Brown, his Excellency has ignored the
hackneyed topics of national politics and devoted
his attention exclusively to State and local mat
ters.
The Treasurer's report shows a healthy condi
tion of the State finances. It should he a matter
of special congratulation with the citizens of that
State that her interest account on bonds is—
blank.
The little peninsular, we perceive, is no laggard
in the race of internal improvement. The vari
ous tines of railroad, bunt and in course of con
struction. embrace about seven hundred miles, and
it is confidently believed that their completion
will be effected without drawing upon any other
resource of the State than her Internal Improve
ment Fund. This isoemposedof various grants of
land from Cougress, comprising more than ten
millions of acres.
A Git v Seven Hundred Years Old. —The
Vienna correspondent of the London Times states
that on the 17th of September there was a festival
at Munich in commemoration of the 7OOfch an
niversary of the day on which the city was found
ed. Anything more magnificent and imposing than
the procession which passed through its streets on
the above mentioned day has seldom been wit
nessed. The procession, which was composed of
persons and 500 horses, contained tableaux
of the principal events which have occurred in Ba
varia during the last seven centuries, and the por-
of many of the more remarkable person
ages who have figured in South German history
ch-rlng that period.
‘•A Wive Insurance Company." —Some of
the principal capitalists of London arc engaged in
the formation of*a new’ company for insurance
from dinar. ,e by lire. In consequence of the con
sta-itiy occurring accidents, by which ladies, ow
ing to the immensity of their drosses, are either
burnt 1 * death, or have a large portion of the val
uable ad extensive stock of drapery which they
carry a. lou r them destroyed, these eminent finan.
- eial gentlemen have determined to establish a
Wife Insurance Company.
Hon. T. Butler King, of Georgia, was
• in Louisville, Ky., on the 25th ult., in attendance
on the Pacific railroad convention.
of the Montgomery Advertiser is spending atew r
ays in this, his native, city.
The great chain of railroad between Philadelphia
and Chicago is completed. The enure length of
this road is eight hundred and twenty-four miles.
Tbo cars began their regular passage over this
continuous track on the 20th ultimo.
A Fortunate Inventor. —The Scientific
American,4n some pleasing gossip about its ear
liest fried who have been successful as inven
tors, thus alludes to the case of Mr. Howe, the
great pioneer of the sewing machine:
Elias Howe, Jr., of Cambridge. Mass, obtain
ed a patent for the first practically useful sewing
machine in 1816. For several years it was a
source of annoyance and expense to him, with
little or no pecuniary profit. Since that time,
many improvements have been patented, and the
manufacturing of sewing machines is*now one of
most extensive businesses in the United States,
and thousands are sold annually. Elias Howe,
jr., once a poor inventor, with but a few friends,
now receives from the most prominent makers of
sewing tribute that will make him
before the first term of his patent expires, 1860,
one of the wealthiest men in this country. We
do not speak ti\m any positive knowledge of the
facts, but his present annual income cannot be
calculated at. less than one hundred thousand dol
lars. Certain it is. that in the course of a single
month he must have received from one establish
ment no less than six thousand dollars, judging
frgm the number of machines sold by that con
cern. On almost any pleasant day, a portly man
with (lowing hair, white cravat, and broad brim
med Kossuth hat. may be seen on Broadway,
dashing along behind a pair of splendidfancy hor
ses, fit for the stud of an emperor, and with all
the ease and independence of a millionaire. That
man is Elias Howe, jr.. once the poor and hum
ble inventor.
The Bank of England. —Articles have been
going the rounds, asserting that the Bank of fen
gland never re-issues a note. Such was the case
some years ago ; but finding it a useless expense,
they have modified their rule. They now only de
stroy such notes- as were redeemed in specie—re
issuing all such as had been received on deposit, or
m payment of notes.
The Seminole Indians. —Dr. Barron, light
house keeper at Cape Florida, now’ on a visit to
this city, states that eighty Seminole Indians have
visited the Miami since the first appearance there
of Tiger Tail and party, within two months. Dr.
Barron i3 of the opinion that there are at least
one hundred and twenty or one hundred and thir
ty Indians now in Florida, and says they are in
command of the eastern coast, and are likely to
become a set of pirates, should a vessel be stran
ded on the coast away from the assistance of the
whites. —Key of the Gulf, Nor. 20 th.
>bt. Owen.— Our telegraphic advices report
, ath of “Robert Owen, late Americau Minis-
Xaples.” We will take the liberty of read
rrectly and of regarding it as the an-
R. nt of the death of Robert Owen, the vet
de i-t and philosopher of New Lanark,
a i . en for some time very ill. and in ad-
Vt cv His son, Robert Dale Owen, late
aples, and formerly a representative
erau and one of the most architectural
ibo h-d day in Congress, took the first op
vaitced a ? c N released at Naples by the ar-
Sor * Joseph R. Chandler, to visit
Crow* Xndte-* England. Our English cx
—.e'.d' 6 * 8 v * V)*. us ex P ec L at any mo-
‘ ***■* 0w *'“. from reports
P f “*! !v,er 118 health, and in considcra
h;s JC A®*.. Vir eflv “ boru in C7l. aa<l lived
Chat'S j ba p, ce Vsc \ which will furnish rich
ment. t “ e , -tate o*. nos human opinion and
®wei> of*® \ He \ . Courier, AW. 30.
-
ft varied TO e h' 6l ’apoleon I. arrive.l on
.Paris. Hen. Sir J.
th®° TC 1 —\ ieen England to
T ue sth, t and de |” er i( U P
‘■-iS' 1 Ck no, the Governor,
Friday W ' T “u'.ir?ed h>'* he cuurt-yani to
it to ‘he .pOrnt of W nr. In a
proceed '* nc rn‘ CoU Jed ‘ nt ° 1 ral aßd Prinoe
desee” Mitl ',ste* mpie K nc cs
acd ; V i ' at ’ v nc \i*h <•“s. and the eere
>UT es af* S rent of the
f e * iB”' ul vjo bd 1 | - arrived, . The car
“° Ca tooV P'ace ~ by the
e*V xe ; % reccp’' 0 ” 9T ba d eTO ifo ‘•> which
® 00 2. b where tW (;W ,c\ - e at <
Condensed from the Daily Federal ITnioS. I
Georgia Legislature.
SENATE.
Tuesday Morning, Nov. .10.
iVflr Matter.
Wilcoxon of Coweta, to prevent Judges of the
eourta,in this State from sitting in certain cases;
a memorial was in connexiiuii from certain per
sons. During the reading Slaughter of Dougher
ty, arose to a point of order. He objected to this
manner of traducing tbo character of Judges of
the Supreme Court. This memorial also, casts
redactions on the Legislature of 1£53—4 in elec
ting Judge Benuiftg. If these memorialists desire
to impeach Judges Benning and McDonald let
them proceed in the proper manner. The House
of Representatives was the body to take charge of
such an Accusation.
Wulcoxon of Coweta, said that he thought that
the .Senate would at least hear the memorialists.
Do gentlemen desire to quell any effort “to investi
gate this subject.
Pending the decision. Blood worth of Carroll
moved to adjourn. The motion was agreed to,
and the Senate adjourned until 3 o’clock p. in.
3 o’clock P. M.
The Senate met and resumed the consideration
*of the question of the reading the memorial, &c.^
Slaughter oi^ Dougherty withdrew his objection
to its being read.
After it was read Colquitt of Muscogee asked
the permission of the Senate to have read a me
morial from John A* Jones. Esq.
Some objection was raised.
Wilcoxon of Coweta moved that 150 copies be
printed for the use of the Senate.
Tucker of Stewart opposed the motion with all
of his force and eloquence. lie ably defended
Judge Benning. His closing remark was this:
*Sh>l have known Henry L. Benning for fourteen
years, and I will say that a more honest or up
right man God never let breathe the breath of
life.’
Slaughter of Dougherty defended the court in
a beautiful manner.
Thomas of Gwinnett was in favor of printing
as a mere manner of getting at the truth.
Mr. Bartlett of Jasper: Who is H. L. Benning?
Young though he is, he is not unknown in Geor
gia. Ask the associates of his boyhood, of his
manhood, of his maturcr years, all without hesi
tation will tell vpu he is an honest man —the no
blest work of God. No! let all these charges be
published—the memorial goes upon the Jour
nal of the Senate, and if thus restricted can nec
essarily be read by bufcfew. But publish it all, let
it go forth to the people, and an honest public sen
timent will surely re-act, aud crush, the slander
ers of the fair fame of Georgia’s public servant.
Is there a man here who believes, or is ready to
assert,that the decision complained of was corrupt
ly made? If so, go to the end of the Capitol and
prefer your writ of impeachment and let the par
ties he heard! The very slave against whom a
charge is preferred is given a full and fair hear
ing; the most degraded wretch that defiles God’s
green earth is not condemned, and cannot he, un
der our Constitution and Laws, without a hear
ing, aud will you withhold this right from the
Judge of your Supreme Court. The magnanimi
ty oi‘ this Senate, I feel assured will answer, no !
no!
lie felt it his duty to express his views upon
the question. He differed from many of the
friends of the court, who had addressed the Sen
site, and believed that the printing of the memo
rial would disarm the of th< knife, with
which the memorialsts were endeavoring to strike
these distinguished men in the back. It would
at last close the clamor that the friends of the
court desired to suppress, an investigation. Mr.
]>. who is C. J. McDonald? Go to your executive
office and enquire there. Goto the records of
every judicial office in the gift of the people, from
the office of Solicitor General, to Judge of the
Supreme Court, and enquire there. Go to the
-Old Democrat,” illiterate though he may be—
unable to write his name, or to speak correctly his
mother tongue—scarred with the evidences of
many afire political conflict—in the past day when
high political excitement existed in the State,
(which lam glad to say has passed away,) and
I enquire of him who is Charles J. McDonald, lie
’ will with pleasure give you an answer.—That he
it was, who lead the host of Democracy to victory
in the darkest hour of that great National party.
Ask the historian who is C. J. McDonald, he will
tell you that he is the man whose name is written
on the tablet of every old Democrat’s heart in
Georgia.
Spalding of Mclntosh, did not desire to see
gentlemen give this lick in the hack to such men
as Judges of the Supreme Court.
The motion to print was lost—yeas 37, and nays
HOUSE.
Tuesday morning, Nov. 30, 1858.
After the usual formalities, the House proceed
ed to business. Several bills w r cre read the second
time and variously referred. The special order
of the day, to-wit: The subject of Public Educa
tion, was taken up. We never have seen better
attention paid to any subject,than was manifested
by the members during the reading of the various
bills relative to this subject. If the present Gen
eral Assembly does not adopt some plan it will
not he, because its importance is not appreciated.
The difficulty is, that members cannot agree upon
the plan.
The substitute reported for all the bills was
( Abounding in practical truths, which commended
themselves to our judgment as eminently practi
cal. He concluded by saying, so anxious was he
to see something done on this subject, that he was
willing for the purpose of conciliation, to yield up
some of his predilections, he called upon other
members to come up in a spirit of compromise and
this House could accomplish a great deal-—in
fact inaugurate a plan. Mr. Lewis’ idea seemed
to be to furnish to every child an education in
orthography, reading, writing, and arithmetic,
free, be the parents rich or poor.
Mr. Diamond of DeK&lb, opposed the amend
ment on the ground that in some communities
many of the children had advanced in their edu
cation, to a point where, by Mr. L‘s amendment,
they would be deprived of the provisions of the
hill. •
Mr. Pickett was opposed to the amendment.
Mr. Harrison was in favor of the amend
ment.
Mr. Lewis withdrew the amendment and an
other amendment was offered by Mr. Milledge.
We do not give the amendments for the reason
that if the bill is perfected and passed, it will be
published entire, when all can see its pro
visions.
Mr. Milledge’s amendment was agreed to.
Amendments were offered by Messrs. Smith of
Towns, Lewis of Hancock, Walker of Henry,
Faulk, Harkness, Diamond, Harris of Glynn.
Huffman and Milledge, which were variously dis
posed of.
The substitute was agreed to, when Mr. Kenan
of Baldwin, offered a substitute for the substitute,
which was read and taken up by sections.
Upon the adoption of the Ist section of Mr.
Kenan’s substitute, there sprung up an animated
debate in which Messrs. Kenan, Irwin, Lewis,
Colquitt, Smith of Towns and Pickett, participat
ed.
This fir.>t section proposes to set aside annually
$200,000 of the net earnings of the W A ARR to
the payment of the public debt. The yeas and
nays were called on the adoption of this sec- j
tion.
The section was adopted.
The second section was taken up. This section
provides that the balance of the net earnings of the
W k A R Rbe applied to the reduction of the taxes
of the people. Mr. Irwin offered tojehange the
section, so as to appropriate the balance of the
net earnings of the W k A R R. to educational
purposes. In a few pertinent remarks he advo
cated the adoption of the amendment.
Mr. Kenan replied in vindication of the section
proposed to be amended.
Harris of Glynn followed in favor of the amend
ment of Mr. Irwin.
Mr. Hardeman opposed the amendment.
Hillyer of Walton favored Mr. Irwin’s amend
ment.
Pending the discussion of this amendment, Mr.
Hillyer of Walton, having the floor, the House
adjourned to 3 o’clock this afternoon.
AFTERNOON SESSION.
The House resumed the discussion on Mr. Ir
win's amendment, Mr. Hillyer having the floor
said he should reserve his remarks until the pro
position came up to substitute this ichole bill, for
the substitute agreed to this morning.
On the motion to strike out the second section,
a debate sprung up which lasted during the re
mainder of the day. and ended in the success of
the motion. Yeas 81. nays 61.
Dastardly Outrage.
On Tuesday night last, as the editor of this pa
per was returning home from the post office, he
was violently assaulted by some unknown fiend in
human form, with a stick and felled to the ground.
The night was exceedingly dark, which enabled
the cowardly ruffian to escape detection after per
petrating his hellish purpose. But for a friend
who was attracted to the spot by our cries for help
we to-day would have been sleeping our last sleep.
That we have enemies, we are aware ; but never
dreamed that a man of our small and feble frame
would be assaulted in the dark. An open enemy
we always respect. There is something manly in
the man who fearlessly takes his position and pre
sents an open front. Such an one we know where
to locate, and arc* not afraid to meet. But a snea
king, cowardly rascal who. under the cover of
darkness, stealthily creeps behind his victim and
assaults him, we must confess we are afraid of.—
Such a man would apply the torch to the dwelling
of an enemy whilst he and his family were asleep.
Vea. he would gloat over the scene .with hellish
jov as the lurid flames drowned the'plaintive wails
ot helpless infancy! Thanks to a kind Providence,
although considerably bruised, we are still able to
be at our post, in the discharge of duty.—Lumn
kin Palladium. 1
A difficulty recently took place at Hannibal,
Missouri, between the Hannibal and St Joseph
Railroad Company. The Railroad Company hav.
~ ‘~A ‘.7 5 ’
ing tajeen possession of the locomotives and rol
ling stock, Colonel Osborne, one of the firm of
contractors, placed obstructions in the way of the
ears, and threatened violence to the engineer if he
should run his train by. At this stage of the pro
ceedings the locomotive wheel struck the stick
which had been placed on the track and projected
it against a bystander, killing him istnautiy. Co
olnel Osborne was immediately arrested.
Is this Treason. ?
The Hon. Wm. Barksdale, member of Congress
from the northeastern ißstrict of Mississippi; was
invited recently to deliver an address upon the
political topics of the day before the Legislature
now in session at Jackson. In his letter of reply,
which was duly read, he expressed regret that in
dispensable engagements prevented his addressing
the Legislature, and alluded, according to the
Jackson Eagle of the South of the 27th inst., to
the prohahle contingencies of the political future
in this wise :
“It is not beyond the range of possibilities that
the superior number of our enemies (at the North)
may secure the triumph at the ballot-box in 1860.
In that event I have no hesitation in saying, that
it will become the duty of Mississippi, to assert
her independence, vindicate her rights, and resume
the powers which she has delegated to the Gener
al Government.”
Col. Davis, in his last speech, if we are not
mistaken, gave utterance, .substantially, t<* the
same sentiment. Senator Brown, as is well
known, entertains rather stringent views . and all
the leading men of the South, of all parties, if we
except Gov. Hammond of South Carolina, have
arrived at about the same conclusions. There
may be here and there an exception, but this will
not affect the general result.
Well, we shall see what these valiant gentlemen
will do when the time arrives to reduce their the
ories to practice. The opportunity, we fear, will
be afforded them right speedily. We doubt wheth
er they will be obliged to wait the short space of
two years. Coming events are casting rapidly
thickening shadows before, and the period, when
they must either fight or run away, back down,
and stultify themselves generally, is, as it were,
at hand. We trust they will he prepared for it,
and that there will be, to use a cant phrase, no
“caving in.”— X. O. Crescent.
Hon. W. L. Yancey.—This distinguished gen
tleman passed through our city yesterday en route
for the Hot .Springs of Arkansas, whither he goes
to try the sanative virtues of its waters towards
the restoration of his health. It grieved and
shocked us to see the gallant man. whom last we
had beheld launching the thunders of an elo
quence scarcely less than godlike in behalf of the
rights of the South, stricken down by disease.—
May Heaven and the healing waters of Arkansas
soon restore him to us, and the cause of which he
is so brave and efficient a champion, -like n giant
refreshed and ready to run his rare.” Col. Van
ce}’ was accompanied by his estimable lady.—Mo
bile Register.
A Bov’s Tongue Fastened to a Lamp
Post.—On Saturday morning, a little fellow,
about eight years old, a son of Mr. Gilleau, book
seller, while playing with some other boys on
North street, approached a lamp post and care
lessly applied his tongue to its gray frosted sur
face, when, in an instant, to the boy’s own horror
and utter astonishment of his playmates, he was
held fast by his tongue to the post, suffering very
-wttiw vuin. and totally unable to help or extri
cate himself. OTcotrrstvw i—../-.nid not speak
and could only manifest his feelings by signs wm.
his hands. Various applications of warm tea,
steam, Ac., were made bv some neighbors, who
heard the unusual noise made by the other boys,
and came to learn what was the matter, but of no
avail, such was the action of the cold iron that
the hold was even getting tighter. When, after
ten minutes had elapsed, the hoy’s father heard of
the affair, and hastening to his relief, he took a
knife and was obliged to cut the tongue loose,
leaving its skin still fast to the post, and causing
the blood to flow very profusely. Immediately
on his release, the poor little fellow became insen
sible. and was taken home. —London ( C. IF.)
Press, Xov, 22.
A ion tig Man’s Course.
I saw him first at a social party. He took but
a single glass of wine and that in compliance with
the request of a young lady with whom In* con
versed.
I saw him next, when he supposed he was un
seen taking a glass to satisfy the slight desire
formed by his social indulgence. He thought
there was no danger.
I saw him again with those of his own age meet
ing at night, to spend a short time in com ical
pleasure. He said it was only innocent anuise
* rnent.
I saw him next late in the evening, in the street
unable to reach home. I assisted him thither.
He looked ashamed when we next met.
I saw him reeling in the street. A confused
stare was on his countenance, and words of blas
phemy were on his tongue. Shame was gone !
I saw him yet onee more. He was pale, cold,
motionless, and was carried by his friends to bis
last resting place. In the small procession that
followed, every head was cast down, anu seemed
to shake their uncommon anguish.
His father’s gray hairs were going down to the
’- - 11 ’ ~~: v ‘ ‘V l ’ . 7
New York Times.—James Gordon Bennett
editor of the X. )'. Herald, was arrested on Sat
urday last, on an indictment found against him
by the Grand Jury of Westchester county, on
Thursday last, for libelling the Hon. J B. Haskin,
member of Congress from that district, lie gave
bail for his appearance. The ground of the bill
is that Mr. Bennett, through the Herald news
paper, accused Mr. Haskin, in June last, of hav
ing forged the records of the Willett’s Point Con
gressional investigating committee, of which he
was chairman.
Mr. Ten Broeck. of racing notoriety, is now in
New York. He contemplates leaving that city
for the South, very soon.
Mr. Edwin J. Dickens, a relative of the famous
novelist, committed suicide, by taking laudanum
and cyanide of potassium a few days since. He
was found dead in his room at the American Ho
tel, Jersey city. Mr. D. is represented to have
been anew comer in America, a man of splendid
genius, and one who had been connected with
some of the leading literary periodicals in Eng
land, Ho had already made arrangements with
the Press of New York to furnish them with lit
erary articles. Pecuniary embarrassment is said
to be the cause of his melancholy suicide.
JtiDGE Edmonds ox Spiritualism and the At
lantic Cable. —The scientific electricians at Va
lentia Bay and Trinity Bay having tailed thus
far, to make the Atlantic Cable a speaking medi
um. we arc glad to see that the spiritualist have
taken the matter in hand. In the late remarkable
discourse by Judge Edmondson the mysteries and
miracles of spiritualism, he says that “in regard to
the Atlantic telegraph, the spirits had revealed
that the interruption in its working was caused by
a prevalence of mineral influences at the other end.
Further, says the Judge, “we all know that there
is a great quantity of mineral matter at the other
end. and that the interruption is supposed to be on
the other side, which tends to confirm the revela
tions of the spirits.” But, alas! to cap the climax,
the learned Judge in spiritual affairs confesses
that “further than this we do not know.” And
why not ? Why can’t a spirit be called in to do
something useful for once, and for once to tell us
something of truth that is not already known ?
What a public benefactor, for example, Judge Ed
monds would become in producing from “the
spirits” the precise locality of the difficulty in the
cable, the precise character of the difficulty, and
the modus operandi for reaching it and applying
the remedy; and what a benefactor to Do Sauty.
Let the Judge put his spirits to work accordingly,
upon a test of this sort, and give us the results in
advance of the next steamers news from the Irish
coast. This old habit of the spirits, of giving us
their spiritual knowledge ofthings after we have
had the news a day or a week or two, by our ordi
nary channels of communication, is not a whit
better than Professor Merriam’s predictions of a
storm after the storm has passed by.— N. Her
ald.
The American Consul at Bremen received from
the United States and presented to the party for
whom it was intended, a handsome silver speak
ing trumpet, bearing the following inscription:
“The President of the United States to Captain
Wilmsen of the Bremen bark Laura, for his hu
mane, zealous and successful efforts in rescuing
one of the passengers and two of the crew of the
steamer Central America from the perils of the sea,
1858.”
Noble Thoughts.—l never found pride in a
noble nature nor humility in an unworthy mind.
Os all trees, I observe that God hath chosen the
vine—a low plant that creeps upon the helpful
wall: of all beasts, the soft and patient lamb ; of
all fowls, the mild and guileless dove. When God
appeared to Moses it was not in the lofty cedar,
nor the spreading palm, but a bush, a humble, ab
ject bush. As if he would by these selections
check the conceited arrogance of man. Nothing
produceth love like humility : nothing hate, like
pride.
‘■SHB-In a jolly company, each one was to ask
a question. If it was answered, the proposer
paid a forfeit, or if he could not answer it himself,
he paid a forfeit, Pat’s question was :
“How docs the little ground squirrel dig his
hole without showing any dirt about the en
trance ?”
When they all gave it up Pat said :
“Sure, do you see he begins at the other end of
the hole ?”
One of the rest exclaimed :
“But how did he get there?”
“Ah,” said Pat, “that’s your question, can you
answer it yourself ?”
COLIMRIB, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 5, 1868
. Foreign Bauks.
Wo see from the report of proceedings in the
Legislature on the -1 1st inst., that Mr. Milledg of
Richmond has introduced a bill in the of
Representatives, to prevent the Banks of'bther |
Stales from carrying on a bunking business in this
State. We presume this is a blow aimed at the
system of foreign Bank Agencies, now tolerated
by our laws, with the ultimate purpose of expell
ing the hills of such institutions from circulation
within the Flute. Our opinion has on more than
one occasion been made know upon this question.
We do not regard it a legitimate subject for legis
lation. It is based upon the idea that the pros
perity of a people is better promoted, when each
community, or State, provides its own circulating
medium. The idea is irtmost as common as it is
fallacious: llow often have we heard men even
in country villages, deplore the fact that they
had to depend upon Savannah, Augusta and Char-”
leston for their monetary facilities? They seem
to think that the profits paid to those insfftutions
by tbeir business might all be saved to their re
spective communities by cutting off their depend
ence upon such resources and necessitating, there
by, the establishment of Banks at home. In ref
utation of this we have merely to say that all thei
capital in every community is engaged in some
productive employment, that in order to
lish a Bank, therefore, a portion of the capital so
employed must be abstracted from such employ -
ment. If, in this change from a mercantile, man
ufacturing or agricultural to a banking business,
a loss is operated to the individuals making the
conversion, a loss falls upon the community, pro
tan to. If, on the other hand, the change involves
again to the individuals, a like result in enjoyed
by the community. Now of the precise time when
this investment should bo made the people are the
best, and should be, the sole judges, and any inter
ference with such matters by restrictive legisla
tion, which would prematurely force upon the
people the necessity of embarking in banking op
erations, would work a manifest injury and injus
tice. That the Banks of this’State cannot legiti
mately furnish a circulation sufficient for its com
merce will be attested by any one who has an ex
perimental acquaintance with its commercial oper
ations. Notwithstanding the business was divid
ed last year between the State and foreign Banks,
the former had quite as much as was comfortable.
If they had a monopoly of the circulation they
would, of course, endeavor to supply the wants of
trade, and, to this end, might be led into excessive
issues of their notes. For the purpose, therefore,
of guarding against such a possibility, this bill
should not become a law. But upon what ground
in this discrimination invoked against foreign
Banks ? Are they not solvent ? We know of no
banking institutions from other States which do
business among us hut those of South Carolina,
and, certainly, the financial history of that State
win TOnp*n- and favorably with that
of any other State in the Union. Georgia nanhs
enjoy a deservedly high reputation, they are
ably, prudently and faithfully managed ;
but they are not pre-eminent in there re
spect.’ to the Banks of our sister Com
monwealth. The effort to procure the pass
age of such a bill is not original with Mr. Mil
ledge. At almost every session of our Legislature
for ten years, a similar bill has been introduced,
and, as often failed. The people whose interests
were to be affected by it. and at whose prosperity
the thrust is made, have always been equal to the
exigency, and have shouted remonstrance
upon remonstrance against it. Considering
the uniform fate which has befallen every
attempt to inaugurate this restrictive, anti--
free—trade, unjust policy, we cannot imagine
what could have induced Mr. Milledge to
espouse it. unless it be that he is ambitious of
the questionable honour of having his name
associated with its defeat.
The Newspaper.—The Louisville Journal
was 28 years old on Wednesday last, and its edi
tor, Mr. Prentice, indites an appropriate leader
on “the event,” in the course of which it is well
remarked:
The history of a newspaper is much of the
world’s history. The daily paper is the day’s his
tory —it clasps the world’s daylight. Bound in
its daily columns the world, with all its passing
events, circles. In it the steamship arrives and
unloads her freightage; in it the lightning flash
es from thought: in it the city booms, the corn
the cattle low from n thousand hills, and the mar
ket hums : iu it the poet sings, and with his song
the low wind comes fresh and.sweet over old mead
ows, aud happy faces gleam from forgotten doors.
Yes, the world turns every day in the daily news
paper. Its columns are freighted with the world’s
merchandize. Through their avenues ring mer
rily themarrige bells, and through them the hear
ses moves and funeral knells are tolled. Such
must every daily paper be; such the Journal
has been.
COMMUNICATED.
Messrs. Editors : I would respectfully call
: the attention of the public, especially the mem
bers of the present Legislature, to the wrongs
arising from the too frequent relief given by the
Legislature to securities upon forfeited criminal
bonds.
I allude especially to the wrongs imposed upon
the officers of the Supreme Courts of our State.
The law requires said officers to render their ser
vices in all State cases, and provides that they
shall receive their fees for said services when the
act falls upon the State or where the defendant
is insolvent, out of such tines as may be imposed
by the Court, aud the forfeited criminal bonds,
and in no other way. In some, probably many
counties in the State, such fines and forfeitures do
not amount to more than enough to pay said fees
if they were all collected. And it is for the wrongs
done the officers of such counties that I complain
of the general habit of securities upon forfeited
bonds being released from their payment by the
Legislature. I know that in such cases, respecta
ble petitions are generally gotten up, but you will
readily sec that the petitioners are not interested.
A man of a little influence can soon gather any
quantity of names to a paper that does not appear
in the least to effect the interest of the signers;
and upon the strength of such a petition in many
instances, the money that has been earned and
that really belongs to the officers, and taken from
them and given to the petitioners. I would there
fore, respectfully suggest, that the Legislature
make some provision by which the officers of our
Court may be compensated for their services ren
dered to the State in criminal cases, or that they
cease giving to securities upon forfeited criminal
bonds that which justly belongs to said officers.
The great wrong imposed upon the public by
thus opening wide the door for the escape of
criminals is too glaring to admit of discussion.
AN EX. OFFICER.
The Main Trunk—Us Objects and Location.
Messrs. Editors : The editor of a paper,
yclept the Bainbridge Argus (albeit its hundred
eyes are purblind) in a silly article condemns the
effort now making in the Georgia Legislature to
locate by legislative action the Atlantic and Gulf
Railroad as the attempt of interested parties. If
the above mentioned statesman will explain the
amount of interest he has in the location hereto
fore marked out by the Directors of the Company,
perhaps it may after all amount only to the old
story of the skillet preaching to the pot. This
explanation, however, he has not chosen to give.
But those who have been familiar with that paper
since the inception of the Road will need no expla
nation from its editor. They will recollect the
song it has sung —the “harp of a thousand
strings” on which it has played. For the benefit
of those who do not recollect, I will give a sy
nopsis of that “same old tune.” It is in this
wise: “Ding dong, Main Trunk,” “ding a ling.
Main Trunk,” “ding a ling dong. Main Trunk,”
“hi doodle de day, Main Trunk,” “fol de rol,
Main Trunk,” Baiubridge, Main Trunk,” Deca
tur county, Main Trunk,” “our town, Main
Trunk,” Ac., Ac. Now wo dismiss the considera
tion of the question of his interest in the matter,
by reminding him of the necessity of taking the
timber out of the hundred eyes of his Argus , be
fore he attempts the delicate task of extracting the
mote from legislative optics. Verbum sapienti
bus sat.** I don’t wish to cast an unjust insinua
tion on any one—but I am inclined to the opin
ion—and I thought goat the time—that the Ar
gus was gotten up for the express purpose of advo
cating the claims of Bainbridge to the location of
the Road. That paper was commenced in April
after the session at which the Main Trunk was
chartered—and in its first number adopted the
measure as one of the main planks of its plat- i
form. I might say the only plank—for if it has i
been consistent in any other one thing lam sot ]
aware of it. This sapient sheet (over the left) was 1
the first to broaoh the idea, and I hazard nothing
in saying that f dornot suppose there were a doz
en members in the Legislature at the session at
which the bill was passed that over thought of the
Road taking the downward tendency that tntcr
<*(td parties have given it. The charter (Acts ol
1855-56, page 155.) locates the initial point ot the
ltoad at or as near as might be to the intersection of
the lines of Appling. Ware and Wayne counties
and defines its course till it shall reach the vicinity
of Waresboro, and directs that it shall run thence
by the most practicable route, to the western
boundary of the State of Georgia at any point be
tween Fort Gaines in the county of Clay and the
junction of the Flint and Chattahoochee rivers m
the county of Decatur; said. Western terminus to
be selected by the Directors after an accurate
survey and estimates of cost shall have been made,
and with a distinct reference to a npeedy connection
with the (iulf of Mexico at Mobile or Pensacola.
Noe these are the definitive limits of the route as
marked out by the Legislature. We ask have the
Directors complied with the directions and limita
tions thus contained in the grant as above referred
to? We answer, they have not. And in order to
determine the matter, let us examine minutely the
wording of the limitations contained in said grant,
aud which of course must be strict!y^fallowed to
entitle the company to the aid and co-operation
elsewhere in the charter guaranteed to them on
their complying with the conditions annexed to
the same. We will give the pith of the limitation
in our own words.
The road is to run from the initial point by the
most practicable route to any point on the Western
boundary of Georgia, between the two extreme
points, (Fort Gaines and the juuctian of Flint and
which will afford the speediest
connection with Mobile or Pensacola, (by way of
Railway.) Now we ask, have the Directors done
this? They have not, So far from having done
it , they have not located the Western terminus at
all ? But dil the Legislature contemplate that
they should do it before any of the road was
built. Most assuredly it did. Why ? Simply
because it prescribed that they should locate the
road on the most practicable route. To illustrate,
suppose I tell my servant to build a fence by the
most practicable route to a point to be selected by
him, within certain limitations, with a view to
certain ulterior objects made known to him,
he not have to select his t, r min a l point before he
con hi determine the mo practicable route there
to ? Could he select t ie most practicable route to
an unknown andund< ermined destination ?* Now
the terminal point of the Main Trunk Road is not
yet selected, and yet the company are pretending
to be building by the} most practicable route.
Surely the Argus (despite its vaunted name) is a
••blind leader of the blind.” But suppose that
the terminal point route, known, or at least pretty
well settled on, is the road now building by the
most practicable route? \\ e trow not. What
did the Legislature mean by the term “most prac
ticable route ?”
They explain themselves by saying, immedi
ately afterwards, that the location of the entire
line, terminus and all, shall be located “after an
accurate survey aiul estimates of cost shall have
been made.” This explains all. It is simply a
question of cost and distance. All the company
can do is to determine the cheapest and shortest
route to such point on the Chattahoochee as will
afford the speediest connection with Mobile or
Pensacola. Now, we ask what point will afford
this connection ? In the first place, it must be
above the line of Florida—because Florida has
by Legislation, inhibited the connection of her
roads with those of Georgia. But passing by
this for the present. The shortest route from
Waresboro to Mobile, without reference to any
rood its yet projected or chartered by Alabama,
with a v’terr *<• ••onnection with ours, would cross
tho < JmttuL.>*u?hee river at or near < ’oluinbia, and
would pass through the oounties of Ware, Coffee,
Berrien, Colquitt, Mitchell. Raker ana ttmW,
fore reaching the terminal point. Now, we ask,
is there any road chartered or projected from Mo
bile to Columbia on the Chattahoochee, which will
| afford the speedy connection mentioned in the
| charter, us the main element in determining the
I question of the location of the terminus? We
i answer, there is a road chartered by the State of
| Alabama, from Mobile to Freeman’s landing, about
j two miles above Columbia, which lias already
been located and surveyed, and to which the Uni
ted States government has donated four hundred
and fifty thousand acres of land in alternate sec
tions along the line. Then there can ho no doubt
that the above mentioned terminus must, by the
provisions of the charter of the Main Trunk, be
the western terminus of that road. Then, we ask,
if said point, be the proper terminus of the Main
Trunk, have the company chosen the shortest and
cheapest route to it ? They have done just no
such thing. But we shall be told that the road
must like all other roads, be located so as to get
the greatest amount of private subscription ? We
j answer, that if the legislature had so intended, 4
| they would have left it to follow the known laws
I of commerce and trade, but that in giving their
| aid to it, they have recognized and provided for
j the paucity of private subscription consequent
; upon the directness of its course, and its non-
I subserviency to private and particular interests ,
rowing to tbe great ulterior object to be obtained,
j to-wit: the connection of Savannah and Mobile
j by the shortest, and consequently the cheapest
! route. Then if the road is not being built by the
1 shortest and cheapest route to most eligible ter
: minus—the provisions of the charter have not
been complied with—consequently no rights have
, vested under it, it is as yet a nudum pactum, a
caput marUtum in legislation, and the State is not
! suoseri'pHon, uuu'ougWuoc oo ir. i lien, ter a
| quietus be put to the bugbear of “vested rights” in
j this ease. Let the overweening cupidity of the
: interested parties who have diverted this great
State Institution from its legitimate objects to suit
their own private interests, receive its appropriate
rebuke, and then in all probability the above
named parties may learn by sad experience the
wisdom of Shakspeare’s apothegm, that “Vaulting
ambition overleaps itself and falls on the other
aide.” GEORGIAN.
What Cotton Is doing for Is.
Many reliable estimates set down the cotton
crop of the United .States this year at the high fig
ure of 3.500,000 bales. It is coming to market
much earlier than usual. The receipts at South
ern ports are 550,000 bales, (in round numbers) in
advance of the receipts of last and other average
years to the same date. So large have been the
arrivals at Charleston, Savannah, Mobile and
New Orleans, that specie has been shipped from
New York to the South to buy bills on England
more cheaply than they can be had here. The
price is satisfactory, And, considering the con
dition of Europe ; peace everywhere : prosperity
in Germany, Ireland, Spain, aud other countries
which have often lately been in the deepest dis
tress; a large accumulations of money at the
financial centres; a fair prospect that new mar
kets for European manufactures will be opened in
China, Japan, British Columbia, and elsewhere:
there is no reason to expect that the price will
decline.
In an article published some months back in
this journal, we showed that in that most active
commercial year the United States ever knew,
1856, the cotton ofthe South was our chief stand
by and setoff against the enormous consumption
of foreign goods in the great cities and through
out the county. But for the copious supply of
cotton, and high price it commanded, the United
States, would have incurred a debt to the foreign
world which it would have taken years to dis
charge.
It seems now that the cotton crop is going to be
the means of setting the trade of the country on
its legs again. Our other great staple—-bread
stuffs—js in an unpromising condition. Excellent
harvests have been the rule throughout Europe,
and the price of all kinds of bread-stuffs rules so
low that it is estimated that a loss of nt least a
million of dollars has been incurred by the par
ties who sent breads tuffs to New York this fall.
At present rates, and they are likely to be un
changed for some months, flour and wheat cannot
Vie sent abroad and sold so as to repay the produ
cer in the West.
Our cotton on the contrary, if the crop fulfils
present expectations, will not only nobly reward
the planter, but will go a long way toward liqui
dating the debt we are incurring to Europe for
dry goods and foreign manufactures. Afore than
this: the early receipts at the Southern ports,
by suggesting shipments of specie from New
York, have given trade the first wholesome impe
tus it has had since the revulsion. The four or
five million of specie we have sent to the South
were worse than useless in our bank vaults here.
In the South they will lie eminently useful. They
will generate and feed traffic throughout the
Southern country. And coming back to us, as
they will by various channels through the South
and West, they will, on their journey, serve use
fully to restore credit and foster wholesome com
mercial enterprise. The revival of trade will
hereafter be dated from the early fall receipts of
cotton from the South, and the movements in
specie which they occasioned.— Harpers.
A New Pocket Revolver. —Mr. Sharpe, the
inventor of the celebrated Sharpe’s rifles, is about
taking out a patent for anew pocket revolver.—
Besides being much lighter than those which are
in common use, it is made in such convenient form
that it can be very safely and easily carried in the
vest pocket. It has always been a great drawback
with the different kinds of revolvers that they are
so difficult of loading. This is remedied in the
pistol of which we make mention; for in place of
capping and loading with powder, and ball, it is
loaded by the insertion of a cartridge which
contains the powder, ball aud cap. The bar
rel is grooved like the rifle, and the curt
ridge is also grooved, so that it no only possesses
the advantage of facility in loading, but of accu
racy of aim. This improved revolver will be man
ufactured and in the market in the course of about
four months. Notwithstanding its diminutive
size, it possesses considerable efficiency, having
throw’n a ball across the Connecticut river, a dis
tance of three hundred yards, and having also
penetrated a two-inch board.— Wash. I nion.
A genius once undertook to name and classify
the different sorts of fools in this world. First, the
ordinary fool; second, the fool who is oueand don’t
know it; third, the fool who is not satisfied with
bing a fool in reality, but undertakes, in addition 1
* play the fool,”
COiIMBUS, MONDAY, DECEMBER 6. 1858.
Supreme Court.
In another column will be found the remarks of
Mr. Colquitt, Senator from Muscogee, upon the
resolution requesting the resignation of Judges
McDonald and Benning. The resolution was in
troduced by Mr. Cooper of Scriven, who support
ed it in a speech'of great power, of which the chief
poiut was that if it were not carried, ft is constitu
ents would be clamorous for the abolishment of
the Court. The proposition was so reasonable,
andjjthe argument in support of it so overwhelming,
that it might have been expected the Legislature
could not withstand id We can never forgive the
Senate for the arrogance of presuming to differ
with Mr. Cooper’s constituents. But, seriously,
would it not be well for those gentlemen who are
affecting so much wisdom, to condescend to shed a
ray of their superabundant intelligence upon those
benighted minds which accept the decision of the
Supreme Court as orthodox and legal ! That de
cision is before the country —printed iu plain, un
adulterated euglish. Why do they not attack it ?
It is open to criticism. It was published in ad
vance of its order, that the people might have an
opportunity to examine its foundations : yet men,
who were supposed to be worthy* of a seat in the
Senate of Georgia, will allow themselves to de
nounce the decision and, indirectly, the Court,
without combatting a single position which it
takes. “ Qunusque tandem abupere” d'c.
The Echo Blave rase.
Columbia, S. C., November 30. —The Grand
Jury came into Court this morning, and found no
bill on all three indictments against the crew ofthe
slaver Echo. Counsel will probably move for the
discharge of the prisoners, when the question of
the constitutionality of the Act will come up for
argument. The United States District Attorney
will endeavor to hold the prisoners.
The Paraguay Expedition.—The Washing
ton Union noticing the report, by wav of England
that Lopez was placing obstructions in the rivers,
in anticipation of the visit of the United States
vessels of war, says it is extremely doubtful wheth
er, any impediments thrown into the river will be*
able to obstruct the running of our vessels of light
draft. They may excuse more or less delay by
exacting greater caution in the pilots, and per
haps material will have to he removed in some in
stances; but we have no belief in any very seri
ous difficulties to grow out of this specie ofdefcnse-
It says, in any event, the expedition will be likely
to visit the capital of President Lopez, and it hopes
only to procure from him all the satisfaction our
Commissioner may demand.
Depressed State of Shipping in England.—
The English ship owners are still complaining
bitterly of the depression of their business, which
they attribute to the repeal of the navigation
laws. The London Shipping Gazette says the
business has not been so hard lor thirty-five years.
The rates of freight were us low some years ago,
but then it cost much less to sail a ship, provis
ions ana Uiaa twenty-five per cent lower.
Not one vessel in ten is paying Its why, n.
there any prospect of an advance. At Shanghai,
out of 104 vessels only fifty-four were English:
and in all the ports of China and India, foreigners
were so numerous and taking freights at so low
rates that it was impossible to compete with them,
especially in the coasting trade and intermediate
voyages.
Private letters from Lieut. Mo wry state
that new silver mines of great richness have been
opened in Arizona, and that the gold diggings
yielded well. He had secured from the Mexican
authorities in Sonora, privileges of communication
between Guayamas and the mining regions.
Pay of Ministers.—The Attorney fGeneral
has decided that Ministers Resident, fc<\, are not
entitled to any constructive allowance by way of
in lit, but can only be paid for the time necessarily*
occupied in traveling from post of duty to place
of residence. A Minister on leave, and at home
at the time of recall, is not paid for time occupied
in returning.
We call attention to the advertisement in this
issue of the “Southern Female College” by Messrs.
Brooks & Cox. This institution, under the con
duct of these gentlemen, has won a very high rep
utation throughout this and the adjoining States,
it has known at any period in its history.
The advertisement of Mr. Wm. Field will be at
tractive to Cotton Planters, Farmers and Mechan
ics. The public are respectfully invited to call* at
the Perry House and examine his various models,
they will be on exhibition fora few days only.
r The notices of the Female School at Waverly
Hall and the Marion High School at Buena Vista
in this paper we commend to our readers. They
i are both well located, well managed, and are de
* serving of public encouragement.
i [com m unicate d]
. . Glennville, Ala., Dec., 1, 1858.
1 Messrs. Editors :In your weekly issue of the
| 22d ult., I see an article taken from the Vicks
, burg, (Miss.,) True Southron headed “Interesting
Scrap of History;” and as it seems to be going the
rounds of all the papers, I propose to correct a
few errors I find in the article. It is true, that
two brothers of Oliver Cromwell fled from Eng
land in 1674, to seek an asylum in the American
colonies ; but not to New Jersey. They first sail
ed up the Chesapeake Bay, intending to settle in
the colony of Maryland. But the colonists fear
ing the anger of Charles 11.. who had just ascend
ed the Throne, would not permit them to land.—
Then it was that they determined to change the
name to enable them to enter the colonies else
where. The family tradition is, that the m was
cut out and buried in the Chesapeake Bay.
They then sailed for Boston, Mass., where they
landed as ‘Crowell.’ One of the brothers remain
ed in Boston, and from his branch sprang the
Crowells that are to be found in New England and
the North-West. One of these, John Crowell, rep
resented the Cincinnati, (Ohio,) district in Con
gress a few years ago. Another now commands
one of the steamers plying between New York and
Savannah. The other moved South and final
ly settled in Halifax County, N. C. The Edward
Crowell mentioned in the article as having mar
ried a Miss Rabun, never came to Georgia, but
lived and died in North Carolina. He was grand
father to Henry Crowell my father, who came to
Georgia I think about ISU4, He first lived in
Washington co., but in 182 ft, moved to the then In
dian Agency on Flint river, afterwards Crawford
county, and had a plantation on the river, the on
ly one of the name that ever lived on Flint river,
except myself. In 1837. he moved to Fort Mitch
ell on the Chattahoochee river, where he died in
1840. Col. John Crowell, brother Henry, also
lived in Georgia for several years, but about 1 SI6
lie moved to Alabama and lived at St. Stephens
and Cahawba, and was elected to Congress from
this State being the first Representative from the
State. In 1819, 1 think, he. was appointed Indian
Agent by President Munqpe, which office he held
until the Agency expired by treaty limitations
under Gen. Jackson. He did have a magnificent
residence at Fort Mitchell (which was consumed
a few years ago by tire,) where he died in 1846.
As to “the peculiarity of the family”—being
fond of peaceful quiet, far from political strife, of
which the writer speaks, I will leave with the his
torian of Georgia.
Yours truly
Jno. Crowell.
The Negroes Sent to Auriga by the U. S.
Ship Niagara. —The London Times has a letter
from St. Vincent, Cape deVerds, stating that the
Niagara put in there on the 22d Oct. It appears
that of the 271 which the Niagara took on board
at Charleston, 57 died before the ship reifched the
Cape de Verd Islands. Dr. Ranney, the agent,
describes the condition of the negroes as fol
lows :
“They are extremely filthy, and much prefer
nudity to dress. We have adopted the plan of
having a large hose turned on them twice per
week, with strong men at the engine. They ap
pear well enough satisfied with the bath, but can
not, even by the lash, which we are compelled to
employ freely, be made to observe any other sani
tary or decent habit. It requires a good large
crew of men to keep the spar deck, where
are located, clean. When clothing was put on
them” in Charleston, of which the negro slaves in
the city contributed several dray loads, they im
mediately tore k off and rolled in the sand and
basked In the sun.
I know but few cases in which they manifest
any sympathy for one another, except to help
siratch each other’s backs. They give no atten
tion or sympathy Whatsoever to the sick or dying,
mien one is dead, the body may lay there for
hours anioug them iu immediate contact,.yet un
noticed. But as soon as the soul has fled, they
steil the blanket of the deceased and most uneerc
motitfusly proceed to appropriate his bread, spoon
and bag. During the process of burial, they* nev
er Manifest the slightest concern. A more stolid,
brutalized, pitiable act*of beings I never be
held.
AlKof them take medicine without a word of
objectjpn, yet whenever one sickens he is almost
certain to die. We found them with scurvy,
diarrhaa, and ophthalmia, and relieved very
much ot the former and latter. ‘They now have
also catarrh, influenza, scurvy and chronic diar
rh;ea. Ve have given them all the aid that mo
ney liberally expended and directed by intelligent
Christian sympathies could dictate. But they are
a set ofpiLr, miserable beings who will probabl
soon relapse into their old state.
From the Daily Federal Uniod.
Speech of Mr. Colquitt.
The question being a resolution to request
Judges Benning and McDonald to resign.
Mr. Colquitt said in substance: That he regret
ted the introduction of the resolution offered by
tiro Sentator from Scriven, and was persuaded
that had he reflected upon it be would not have
presented it. it embraced two distinct proposi
tions which he would briefly* consider. Ist. That
the decision was not popular: 2d. That it.was
wrong, and therefore the Judges should resign.—
With regard to the first charge in the bill of in
dictment, he asked, wtfs the popular will to be a
criterion by which the Judges of the Supreme
Court were to regulate their decisions ? Vi bile lie
regarded as highly as any one the voice of the
people, expressed in a legitimate way and through
proper channels, he had little respect for that
Judge who would vary his decisions to suit the
popular taste, which all knew was as fluctuating
as the tides of the sea. He scorned the idea that
Judges should bow before the despotism >t jmblie
his master’s ear. while sitting upon the rights and
liberties of the people. It was an unsafe guide
and would never lead the Judges to the harbor of
correct judgment and proper construction ofthe
law. But if the precedent was to be established—
if the popular pulse was to be the standard of
right decisions or wrong decisions, then let the
Judiciary department of the government be super
ceded by county meetings. Let its voice be heard
over that of Mansfield, Holt, Story and Marshall
—let the judiciary now seated oil her mountain
throne, clothed iu the white robes of purify and
innocence, be dragged down and made to wallow
in the valley of corruption, vice and passion. If
popular feeling was to be the test, try by it the
Dred Scott decision ofthe Supreme Court of the
United States. That decision was not popular,
and would meet the condemnation of the non
slaveholding States—that did not make it wrong.
That Court was sought now to be abolished by the
abolitionists, though Southern men regarded it as
the bulwark of their safety, tbc Mount Ararat
upon which the ark ofthe covenant could rest with
security. In common with others, he would de
fend it in the face of opposition and would not
only, like honest Ajax, throw a shield over it, but
would build a wall of brass around it.
He would not enlarge further upon this branch
of the question. He would consider the 2d, pro
position, viz : That the decision was not law—
Mr. Colquitt then quoted from the Constitution to
snmv Am tku pvt of the resolution was usurping
the prerogative of the judiciary; thnt^. iniiM
pre ting a decision and not saying what the law
should be; he drew a difference between the two
departments of the government and illustrated it
by showing that should the Legislature pass an
unconstitutional law, an act, for instance, suspend
ing the benefit of habeas corpus in times of poav.
the Legislature could not- decide the question. If
so, the Constitution ceases to be a legal, and be
comes only a moral restraint upon the Legisla
ture; it becomes merely advisory in its character.
He would not discuss the question, whether the
decision was right or wrong, for the reasons he
had mentioned. If the Senate Chamber was to be
changed lo a court room t interpret the law as
well as make it, he would be ready* to argue the
question. Then every decision which was not pal
atable to the people would be the subject of dis
cussion at every session of the Legislature. He
would change himself the law in relation to the
recent decision, but had no authority to alter the
decision itself, even were it con tea ry to rhe com
mon law.
Mr. Colquitt then replied to the argument <>f
the Senator thorn Scriven, showing the effect of
the resolution should it pass, and that it sought no
remedy. He pointed out the way the Constitu
tion required that Judges should be tried for mal
feasance in office : he said that Judges should he
impeached, if they had done wrong: he challenged
an investigation and did nut fear the result. Al
ready tbe Senate had gone so far as to entertain
this resolution: their hands were stained and
should the Judges be impeached in the other
branch ofthe General Assembly, and tried in the
A/-.;/’ • ~ lu “y*"* *kt the members had
not be impartial jurors. The resolution should’
never have been-introduced [here.
Mr. Colquitt then alluded to the character of
Judges Benning and McDonald. The former he
had known from his boyhood—he had been hon
ored by the people as a worthy public servant, and
in the community where he/lived, he was regar
ded as the very soul of honesty and integrity.--
As to Judge J/cDanald, his name was ns familiar
as household words to the citizens of Georgia.—
He had been honored with a seat in the Legisla
ture; he was elected Judge ofthe superior court
more than thirty years ago: he had filled the Ex
ecutive chair; he was the standard bearer of the
gallant little party in 1850 who fell, fighting fur
their principles with the zeal of a religious con
viction; he had been the nominee of the Demo
cratic party for United States Senator, and the
escutcheon of his past life was without a blot.—
These are the men araigned by this resolution and
asked to resign without a hearing; without a vin
dication; without a voice in the Senate. He had
too much confidence in the Senate to believe that
they would pass the resolution.
He knew not what source others might take, but
as for himself, before he would ceusure those Jud
ges before he would vote for the resolution ask
ing them to resign for the reasons stated in it.
without a defence and a hearing, his “tongue
would cleave to the roof of his mouth and his arm
would forget its cuunihy.”
correspondent of the Petersburg Espreas,
writing from Portsmouth, Va., in relation to the
doings of the Conference of the Methodist Church
in session there, says :
There is in attendance at the present session, a
larger number of ministers than has ever before
visited an annual Conference. Several ministers
from the North Carolina Conference, who by the
action of the late General Conference, w ere trans
ferred with the territory embraced in the Danville
district, will, doubtless, remain members of the
Virginia Conference. These, together with some
who have hitherto occupied a local relation, but pro
pose now to re-enter the regular work, and those
received on trial considerably augment the numer
ical strength of the body, IVc shall also lose some
by transfer and otherwise. Altogether, the supply
will not be equal to the work in Virginia, and
some fields may have to go unsupplied.
The publishing interests of the Church will take
some considerable time of the Conference. Anew
plan of operations was recommended by the late
General Conference, but whether it will be en
dorsed here, remains to be seen. K. Abbey, tbe
Financial Secretary, has submitted a scheme for
establishing a Book Depository at Richmond, and
for augmenting the capital of the concern at Nash
ville, whieh meets with opposition and mui/ be
defeated, A spirited discussion of the details of
the plan is at present going on, and promises to
be protracted. It is a grate question presented
to grave men, and will doubtless meet with grave
consideration.
What are called the Educational Interests of
the Church will also claim attention. Public
meetings wili doubtless be held, and an ell'ort
made to secure the amount now required to com
pletethe SIOO,OOO endowment for Macon College.
I think some eight or ten thousand dollars are
now needed.
The Telegraph to Cuba.— The long talked-of
project of establishing telegraphic communication
between the United States and Cuba is, accord
ing to the Washington Star, about to he carried
into effect. C. C. Walden. Esq., late Deputy
Collector at New York, Scperin tendon t in this
country ot the Cuban Telegraph Company, has re
ceived instructions from Havana to commence the
construction of the route between Savannah and
Fernandifta, and Messrs Mora Brothers and Fa
varo have placed the necessary funds at his dis
posal.
The Key West Key of the Gulf, learns from
Havana that the application to the Spanish Court
for permission to run the submarine eable from
that city to Key West, has been granted by her
Catholic Majesty, solely upon the condition that
both ends of the cable are to be under Spanish
control: and. if otherwise, the application is to be
considered rejected.
It this be true, it will not be a source of regret
if it proves as unsuccessful as its Atlantic cousin
has done. —Augusta Dispatch.
M holesale Mail Robbery. — —The Lexington
( Mississippi) Advertiser, of the 26th ult., tias the I
following:
Our Postmaster informs us that some time ago
nineteen empty mail bags were brought down,
which had been found in a held some twenty miles
above this place, near Coila. which evidently had
been taken from the stage and the contents stolen
—eight of which ,wcre letter hags, and eleven
newspaper, A day or two ago three additional
i lu-r ami one new-!>a.yer— ore f "'“l
, ajs a—two loo i__ t w , in w-l-l, vacant
dm wane neignbo.Uooa \ j,.,. ......
r ‘, I p one the tiel “i , trunk oi X,.
c 5* sees. W
the ‘^.awC
tanily a Rtran* pie e€,o£J>v.e
investigated, vt the vdF ~n .
transaction ber ferreted oW 1
ice. M
Another \^S*- Slep ,B s<l4 ‘ fliv -
The ComraoaW l* antt& * lurin jf ,; “"m
■ of thi, city, have o* wu “7“ nd -•
. r , . * . -iv invention of Mr. I. It, i
tiful barometer, t . ...
by, of thi. city IT
this ! ‘ <whl<-h **
lieve is the of “ na since tlc flrst eoncc)m<.u ,
the baroinvA’- Tr ’ r , ricelU ’ !1 P U P !I . “ f !i ‘- =k
brated tba '! 7” a "' J
to demo: jtrate ,be practicability ot his disc , ;
Mr T-eoy made his barometer his travclliuj
col ni jaion in Europe, and finally expressed it fr<.m
p rt ,i to New York, without the slightest injur,,
‘fis we regard as a practical demonstration of;’,
portability, and we bespeak lor it a sj>eedy and
universal adoption, especially among agrieultu
riets, they more than any other chi', -'save the
mariners), need the counsel ot this faithful moni
tor which leaves nothing to conjecture, but trii
with promptness of the coming storm long befnr.-
a threatening is visible in the sky. We are mid
that the above named company are now instkAig
this instrument upon a magnificent scale, ; i
a price that places them within the reach <>f u„.
million. —Scientific American.
Important from Mexico.
The Imprisoned American — (harages on J',,,,
ers—The Forced Loan—Sad Condition of f .
a. Country.
The New Y'ork Times ha* several letter.’ from
tbc City of Mexico, the latest dated the sth in
stant. We glean from them some additional in
teresting news. The American, who. as we stated
yesterday, has been in prison for two mouths, |.
uamed Chaplain. One of the letters says:
The Government has preferred no elnovr
against him, nor have the prayers, en trend... m.d
protests of the good hearted and patrioti Am.
can Consul here been of any’ avail in di.'< v i
the cause for the persecution of thi.’ ].<*..? in.,:,.
His family have been reduced to the most A
into want by* the sudden deprivation of his . :
labor, and he, imor uiuu. .w Hc. in the h :
department of the prison, severely suffering ir, !h
acute rheumatic pains, contracted while c.*nfi!.. i
in a close, damp, dirty and stone cold cell.
Yesterday Mr. Thomas Worrel, an Eu_r!:-: _••:.
tleman of long residence in this capital, :.,i *
former correspondent of the London Times, re
ceived his passport and was ordered to i- .r.
country forthwith, llis order of banishment w.i
giveu on account of non-compliance with the A
ere© of May* 15. He left this morning for Yth
Cruz to take his departure.
Mr. Ferry, a friend of the ex-American repre
tentative, has his order to leave, but as h is a
commercial man be has been granted a few <i:t\
respite to close up his affairs.
In the past few days the government fcaspr. -
ed the collection of the forced loan imposed i.y
the decree of May* 35. An American yesterday
was subjected to the force of the law. and i.A
goods carried off under embargo. The gow-n;
rnent journals, afterjall these acts of persecution
and outrage of foreigners, have tbe effrontery t
speak daily of the impudence of foreigner
this country*. They say, “Ibrcigiu-i? should in?
made to know their place.”
Yesterday tbe English mail arrived lien*,
was at once seized by the government, but u- u
considerable amount of postage was to be re - v
ered, and as the clerks in the post office wen
clamoring for their salaries, the government ..
1 length consented to give up the letters from /.
; rope. All the letters from Vera Cruz were broken
open in the faeffof those to whom they were a.i
dressed, amt detained.
’ Merchants of this city utul tko.se of Ymi fruz
arc now prohibited from eorrespondlftg. Th.-
i same may he said of all other places a few league’
distant. In order to prevent the interchange ■ !
even commercial eorrespomtence a most outia
f geous decree has been given, which subjects per
sons found with letters to the heaviest kinds
penalties.
The political changes of the country may be
1 enumerated as follows : Guadalajara has fallen
into the hands of the Federalists, aud several :
the government officers were hung. Two were
suspended from the balcony of the bishop’s pal
ace of Guadalajara. A large force of Pronun *
ados or Federalists are near Zulancingo, or in Re
place. and have actually taken the Mineral del
Monte. They are reported to be 2,000 strong
and under the eouimaud of CarvajaL Eeliagai v
and Robles are at or near to Jalapa. They :uv
plotting to make a movement for Robles for p:
dent but none of the other general Is seem t . .
in with them. Blanco'has gone to Morelia and
discontent is reported to have broken out m his
camp. Here we have talk of a strong movement
against Vera Cruz, hut as the government gei, ;
als are now quarrelling among themselves, ii i>
doubtful if a change fur the worse does not take
place here before any action takes place on the
Vera Cruz lint*. Things look squally on all sitb -.
and it is difficult to make any conjectures. *>ne
thing is certain, the country is every day sinking
lower and lower.
In,wii.-r Editorial UlMrullv.
Avery serious diffictiHy exists lierweeu Josepn
Button, Esq., of the Lynchburg I 'irr/iniou. and
Robert 11. Glass. Esq..' of the HrpiiUimu. pul,
lished in the same city. It Ims been occasioned
by the publication of a telegraphic dispatch in tl„-
columns of the ft. pnblirun several davs dim-,
which gave an account of a street fight at Liber
ty, and to which Mr. Button was a party. Mr.
Button asserts that this dispatch perjietrated a
falsehood, and that Mr. Glass exhibited a Ttai
lack of professional courtesy in giving it a pin
in the columns of the Republican. To this were
added several other charges reflecting rather -
verely upon Mr, Glass’ inoral courage. Mr.
Glass responded in the Republican of Monday,
vindicating himself from the aspersions >t his
cotemporary, and charging that he had offered Mr.
Button the usual mode of redress resorted to t v
men of honor, but that he, Mr. Button, had :i
----tempted to evade the issue by u plea that Ik* was
under bonds to appear before tbe Grand Jury of
Bedford on Monday last. The Vinjinian of Vi ed
nesday contains a rejoinder from Mr. Button, in
which he uses the following language :
“Under these circumstances, I deemed myself
fully justified in adverting, as I did, to the edit
rial conduct of Mr. Glass. I intended to insult
him in a manner so open and direct in its charac
ter.* that 1 felt assured if his craven spirit would
allow him to resent any sort of indignity, he
would at once, on its appearance, attack me on
the street in a way which would relieve me of the
trammels of the law.”
After stating that he did accept the challenge
of Mr. Glass, and only awaited the action of the
Grand Jury at Bedford, on Monday, before arran
ging preliminaries, Mr. Button closes with the
following paragraph :
If Robert H. Glass is satisfied under these
circumstances that he has “vindicated his hon
or,” I have only to sav that ho posseses a much
smaller share of that quality than 1 have ever
given him credit for. I have not shunned him;
I shaii not do so, and though I hold in supreme
contempt the character of a professed duelist,
and despise this sort of vulgar notoriety—into
which nothing but combinations against my hon
or could force me—l shall hold myself ready to
meet any demand he may make upon me on the
field or in the streets, and to afford him ample op
portunity to vindicate that courage for which the
world has never given him credit, and which 1
do not believe he possesses. It is proper to add
that this publication would have appeared in yes
terday’s paper, but for my necessary absence in
Bedford.”
Thus the matter stands at present.—
Ejprrr.
National Armory.
Hon. W. T. Harris, of Merriwether, has intro
duced in the Senate a resolution requesting our
Senators and Representatives in Congress to use
their influence to obtain a National Armory with
in this State. This is indeed a meritorious reso
lution and reflects much credit upon the gallant
Senator. We differ with Mr. Harris in politics,
but must add our testimony to his reliability up
on all questions affeetingthe interests of the South.
Pew Senators have greater claims to ability than
Mr. Harris, and he is as true to the South ns tbe
needle to tbe pole. We care not what political
creed he subscribes to. we shall always coincide
with him as well as any other Senator who. rising
superior to party trammels, battles for the honor
and safeguard of the South. Merriwether should
be proud of her gallant Senator : for though a
youth in years, he is indeed a veteran in all that
appertain? to the welfare of the South. We hope
that resolution may prove the basis upon
which n National Armory will be built within the
confine.” ot Gi rgia.— Lumpkin Palladium
Hasty Marri ages.— ’Pie New York Tribune
makes the following sensible remarks on the sub
ject of hasty marriages :
“There is not a city, there is scarcely a town
ship. which does not number among its inhabi
tants, women who have married on a very short
acquaintance, only to be abused, deserted, and left
a burden and a Ht'e long sorrow to the families in
which they were boru and reared, and which they
most imprudently and improperly deserted to share
the fortunes of relative strangers. If young la
dies w ould realize how grossly indelicate as well
as culpably rootless such marriages in the eyes of
the observing, they surely would forbear. A
year's thorough acquaintance, with the most cir
cumstautial accounts, from disinterested and relia
ble witnesses, of tbe antecedents from childhood,
are the very least guarantee which any woina* .
who realizes what marriage is. will require of a
stranger. Even then, if her parents are not fully
satisfied as well as herself she should still hesi
tate. Marriage is an undertaking in which no
delay can be so hazardous as undue preo*-s*** 5 ***
tlon,”