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A R G U S.
“ Here 171 VTH unlicem'd rtings,
And dare su rest e'en kings themselves,
...Or rulers cf the free."
5, 1I81(
10.
MILLF. D GEVILL
TUESDAY, January 16
Extrafl cf a letter from one of ou
Members of Congrefs to the editor >
I
want of celerity in it:* communica
tion with the Gener^dfl^^of the
*to a*i^Q^^^H»pofi-
ill benH^tpou as
t head quarters, and
ce will iffue the various
to fubordinate officers,
the neighborhood of
therefore
der in Cj,
tion,
his pe'
from
comma
A f| _ o
V/artiirifRn, has been fclefted for
the purpofe, and will be occupied
r, . , , iir^n in the way we have mentioned, fo
the Georgia Argus, di, ed It a/oiqg-% r . ‘ ,,
6 6 J * toon as the necen.iry arrangements
are made. Gen Wilkinfon has not
been arrefted ; neither has he been
removed or fufpended from the
ton City, January 5, 1810.
The Meffrge of the Prefident of
the United States of YVednefday laft
does not grow out of any informa
tion which has been received fince
the meeting of Congrefs 4 but is cal
culated as a precautionary meafure,
which the temper of the times calls
for. My opinion is, that neither
the difmifl'al of Mr. Jackfon nor the
meafures adopted by Congrefs will
produce war. I do not believe our
government will reforr to war until
all proipeCls of negociation (ball
ceafe...\vhat reftriclive mealures
may be adopted time only can deve-
lope, when a fyftenr is marked out
and iikcly to be executed 1 will ap-
prife ye <.
command of the army. This is the
information of which we have be
come polTcfTed, and which, from
the great refpe£lability of our in
formant, we fhould fuppofe entitled
to implicit belief.—Petersburg In*
tel!veneer.
Boston, Dee. 25.
Important Rumor ..Letters have
been received from Sweden to the
3d inft- A report prevailed at Got
other hand, England fhould be wil
ling for the fake of ths carryiag trade,
to take the rifle of a new enemy, ra
ther than abandon her piratical max
ims and depredations, let her In
God’s name have her own way, and
be her’s the punifhment that awaits
a courfe both foolith and -wicked.
This is the amount of my creed on
this fubjeft.
“ P. S. Since writing the above,
the official advice of the peace and
the treaty have arrived here: Auf-
tria has negociated, and preferved
the title of emperor; and it is very
confidently aliened here, that the
three emperors havs concluded a
treaty of partition of the furkifli
empire, the fall of which may be
faicl to be at hand, if this treaty has
been cone''uded, and the acquifitions
of France in Illyria, render it more
probable. Such an event would be
a ferious affaij to England ; for be-
(ides forcing her from the Archipe
lago and the coaft of Bar-bary, it
opens the road to the Eaft. It is
faid confidently, that orders' have
i been given to drive the British from
Th2 following; view of the i coungement to migrate to the
condition or the Cherokees can-j weft fide of the Tvlillillippi. Not-
, Tvlillillippi
not fail generally to intereft our withftanding this tney have
readers, or to afford peculiar
gratification to the philanthro-
pift. Ir confirms the tnoft fan-
guine expectations that have
been entertained of ameliorating
the lot of the Aborigines of our
country, an1 mult operate as a
fufficienr motive to a ftrenous
perfcverance in the enlightened
policy that has hitherto charac-
terifed our conduct towards
them.
Esq.
tenburgh, on the authority of com- ! Walchercn, the minifter of the
from Kforl-lmlm that 1 marine fet off on the 22d of Octo-
munications from Stockholm, that'
the four principal powers of the 1 ^ cr Antwerp
Baltic, Ruffia, Sweden, Denmark
and Pruffia. had come to a determi-
and we learn to-
lay, that he is to take command of
the naval part of the operations
nation to clofc that fea againft the ! himfelf. If they do not cm and run,
(hipping of every other nation, with ! dicy will have a worfe bufmefs than
CONGRESS...The refolution,
offered by Mr. Giles, approving of
the condudt of the Prefident in re-
fufmg to receive any further com
munication from Mr. Jackfon tb.e
3'ritilh Minifter, has at length paffed
both houfes of Congrefs...In the
Senate 20 to 4...Meflrs. Goodrich,
Hillhoufe, Loyd and Pickering...In
the Houfe of Reprefentatives 72 to
41... l’he queftion on the final paf-
fage was taken on the 4th of Janua
ry at half palt five o’clock, in the
morning, after a feffion ot nineteen
hours ; in the courfe of which the
Yeas and Nays were taken eleven
times...and ten uufuccefsful motions
for adjournment were made. The
members from Gemgiawere unai.,-
itnoufly in favor ot the refolution
j the exception of the French,
Philadelphia, Dec. 30.
The fvtpreme junta of Spain has
declared war againft Denmark.
One of the roafons is, the Tefufal
of the Danilh government to receive
an embaflador.
January 1.
Extra51 of a letter from Paris, elated
November, 4, 1802.
“ I fend you the Journal ox Com
merce, which contains a letter of
M. Chatnpaigny, of date the 22d
Auguft, in-which you will fee the
principles of this government de
clared ; and in my opinion they
never will depart from thofe
principles; forthehriufticre and cor -
Lettcr from Return J. Meigs,
to the Secretary of IPar.
Highwassee garrison, 1st Dec. 1809.
Sir, I now tranfmit a Gene
ral Statiftical Table lor the Che
rokee nation, This was at
tempted in 1SOG, having at that
time the confent of the late Se
cretary of War ; but the Che-
ftrong local attachment to the
place of their birth, and to the
fepulchres of their fathers.
This being the cafe, to induce
great numbers to migrate, they
mult be excited by advances of
I nch kind as they need to eftab-
lifh themfelves on the rivers
mentioned ; viz. arms, ammu
nition, bever traps, blankets &
foine provifion of the bread
kind, flour or corn,, corn will
fuit them beft. After the firft
year, they will want nothing of
the government, except a fac
tory for Indian trade and a pro-
mile of prote&ion by the go
vernment. Thefe things onrA
attained, and their attachment
and friendfliip is fecured for ev-
they will be proud xftf be-
rokees having fome unfounced connected with the
| that of Corrutma. Some attempt
to cut off the retreat of the Britiih
land torce from Portugal, L eported
to be in contempl xtion ; how, or
where, or 'oy what means, is not fo
eafy to guefs, and it is not ufual to
enquire ; but one mav fuppofe that
if the French had a fufficienr fleet,
they might blockade Lilb m ; while
t,\e land armies approach on their
rear. One of the ableft of the
French generals (Ney,) is arrived
here, but in a very bad ftate of
health. The emperor’s period of
fetting out for Spain, is not certain,
perhaps net fo dp-eedv as may be
fuppofed. When the campaign o-
pens it will be Ihort, and efforts will
be made immediately, to bring the
Spaniards to peace by fair means, 1
reftneis, fo far as they affert the 'which failing; the hurricane will
ExtraB of a letter from General Jf il-
kinson to a member of Congress, da
ted Natchez, December 6th, 1H09
•< The indulgence offered me by
-Che Executive, to prefent qxyfelf at
the feat of government, will prove
unavailing, fhould General Hamp
ton’s arrival here be unfcafonably
delayed ; becaufe I cannot move be
fore his prefcr.ce may enable me to
devolve on him the extenfive and
complicated command of his depart
ment ; and I muff afterwards, for
the tenth time, commit myfelf to
the ocean, as the feafon and my
health both forbid my traverfing the
wildernefs.”...Nat. Intel.
General Wilkinson.—The objects
of this officer’s intended journey to
Wafhington, have been varioufly
Rated in the publick prints. It had
been faid in fome that he was di-
refted to repair to the feat of go
vernment, for the purpofe of under .
going another inveftigation of the
Burr conspiracy.—In others, that
he was arre!*> d for difobedience of
orders iffued from the War depart
ment ; and that he has been fuf
pended from the command of the
aripy, &c.—We are very credibly
informed, that all thefe rumors, fo
prtjudical to the reputation of Gen.
Wilkinfon, are entirely without
foundation, and that the objects
which tho government have in
view, in withdrawing him from the
main body of the army, and requir
ing his prefence forthwith at the
Federal City, are of a nature wholly
foreign to any thing connected ei
ther with the alledged official mlf-
condudt of Gen. W ilkinfon or with
any inveftigation of his character, or
his fuppofed connection with Aaron
Burr. The caufes which have led
to this recent change of the pofition
^ of the Commander in Chief, we
^ learn, are as follow. It had been
difeovred for fome time paft, that
great inconvenience and detriment
to the public fervice, arofe from the
remote fftuation of the “headquar
ters” of the army, m difpatching
orders from whence to the different
fetlions of the Union where milita
ry forces were ftationed, confidera-
ble delay and attendant difficulties
unavoidably relultcd ; and fhe ar
rangements 01 the War Office were
ife embarrufled, owing to tfle
moral law of nations, and that law
too which ismoft favorable to weak
hates and congenial with freedom, .
no rational or good man can except
to them : I am as firmly, perfuaded
as of my own being that the French 1
government never will recede from ,
this fyftern in that part which fpe- I
dally arifes out of the blockading & |
profcflbing policy, better under- I
ftood by her rule of 17561, and her j
orders of council cf November 1807 ;
*—nor can any man pretend to ex
pert peace between the neighboring r
iiland & this continnent until Great •
Britain abandons them : do not feed
yourfeif up with any expedition of 1
the lead: alteration here ; tlio’ as to ■
| the U. States particularly, these is
1 no want of good will.
“ What may be the circumftances
arifing out cf the confufion in the
cabinet on the other fide of the chan
nel, I cannot pofitively affume.
Though if I were to conjecture, K
fhould conclude, that no ftate of
1 things can arife there favorable to
our rights
fuch a cafe ; you may differ from
me, but my opinion is, that as we
have no right to judge between thofe
two rivals, but where their aggref-
fions affed us, and wherever it does
ailed us, it is doing us iniuftice ;
1 fay we have no refource but to
break with them both, and by an
open and manly declaration to main
tain our rights againft all aggreffors;
all other reforts are mere palliatives,
this alone would reach the bottom
of *he difeafe, becaufe this alone
will vindicate our honor and our
interefts abroad, while at home it
cuts upbvthe roots thofe infamous
attachments to foreign politics and
power, which have raifed their heads
not be fo terrible as the march
ihe'leglons.” ...Aurora.
of
IPajbington City, Jan. 5.
Or. 1PEDNESDAJTthe President
of the United States communi
cated to both Houses of Congress
the follo wing
MESS AGE:
To the Senate and House of Representa
tives of the United States
The ad author-il'ng a detachment
of oa?hundred thouf.md men from
the militia will expiie on the 30th of
March next, its early revival is re
commended, in order that timely
fteps may be taken for arrangements,
fuch as the ad contemplated.
Without inteifering with the mo
difications rendered neccffary by the
defeds, or the inefficacy of the laws
reftridive of commerce and naviga
tion, or with the policy of difallow
ing to foreign armed veffels, the ufe
of our waters; it falls within my
duty to recommend alfo that in ad-
jealoul’y, that there was i'ome-
thing in the meafure intended
to take advantage of them, and
expreffing fome reluftance to
the meafure, it was poftponed
until the laft year. It has now
been done with as much accu
racy as pullible, by the interpre
ters II there is any error, it has
probably arifen from a cdfpofi-
tion in fome to report a lets
number ot perfons, and of live
I took than they adually have,
fhe Cherokees on the Arkanfa
and White rivers, are not inclu
ded in the table now tranfmitted
—it is eftimated that there is
about 1000 including men, wo
men and children on the weft
fide of the Mifliilippi; they have
alfo many cattle and horfes,
fome of them being very weal
thy.
The table now forwarded,
does not exhibit all their wealth
—they have no inconfidevable
quantity of cath in circulation,
which ..hey receive annually for
the fate of cattle and fwioe. ’.In
United States, by whom they
have been raifed in improve
ment far above the weftern Inn
dians.
I ain, fir, very refpe&fully,
Your obedient fervant. r
-RETURN J. MEIGS.
William Eustis, esq.
Secretary of War.
Tre documents referred to
in this letter purports to be “A
general Statiftical Table for the
Cherokee nation, exhibiting a
view of their population and of
improvements in the ufelul arts,
and of their property acquired
under the loitering hand of go
vernment, which has principal
ly been done fince the year
1796”
It exhibits in detail the num
ber of Cherokee males and fe
males, of horfes, black cattle,
fheep, fwine, fpinning wheels,
looms, waggons, ploughs, grift
mills, faW mills, fait petre works,
powder mills, filver fmiths,
i'chools, white people, and ne-
groe Haves in each town, vil-
, , _ , lage and plantation, amounting
180c tliey had not a Angle perch ; lo one hundred and thirty-five.
ffition to the precautionary meafure
What is to be done in 1 authotifeci by that a£t, -and to the
regular rroops, for completing the
legal eftablifhment of which eftab-
liihments ate renewed, every necef-
lary provifion may be made, for a
volunteer force of twenty thoufand
men, to be enlifted for a fhort peri
od, and held in a ftate of organiza
tion and readinefs, for aftual fer
vice, at the ihorteft warning.
I xubmit to the confideration of
Congrefs, moreover, the expediency
of fuch a claffification and organiza
tion of the militia, as will belt infure
prompt and fucceffive aids, from that
fource, adequate to emergencies
hich may call for them.
of waggon road in their whole
country. In that year they con-
fented at the reqjeft of the go-
ver intent to h ive a road opened
i )• a communication between
h ■ dates ol Georgia and Ten-
neftVe This road with its
branches was opened t v thofe
ftates and is about 220 nines, cn
which ;hev have a turnpike by
agreement with the govern
ment for which they are bound
to keep the road in good con
dition tor carriages. Since find
ing the advantages arding trom
roa.'S, they have at their own
txpence opened -upwards of
three hun Ired miles of waggon
road lor communication be
tween Eaft and Weft fenneffee.
l lu fe roads inttrfedt the firft
mentioned great road at differ
ent points, except one road of
100 miles in length, opened by
Doublehead, commencing at
Franklin county, Tenm flee, and
1 runs to the Mulcle Shoals, and
, it is contemplated to be continu
ed to the navigable waters of
Mobile. But to effeft this the
interpolation of the government
will be ncceffary ; becaufe, from
the Shoals to the navigable wa
ters to Mobile, the road muff
| ;It is fcarcely practicable in a
: newlpuper to prefent in its de-
I tails hich a oomprehenuve table;
and almolt every ufcful purpofe
will be attained by the following
condenfed view of its contents.
Number of Cherokee Males 6,116
do Females 6,279
Horfes
6,519
Black cattle
19,165
Sheep
1,037
Swine
19,778
Spinning wheels
1,572
Looms
429
Waggons
30
Ploughs
‘ 567
Grift-mills
13 (
Saw-mills
Salt-petre works,
<a
Powder-mills
il
Silver-fmiths
(pj
Schools
5
Children at fchool
94
White people
341
Negro (laves
6 88
A
it will reft with them alfo, to tie- | crofs lands claimed by tne Che
Cermine how far further provifion
nmongft us - —Wove fuch a courfe 1 may be expedient, for putting into
"S
purfued vffth the finc^rity and vigor
that it demands, I have no doubt
that we could commence an imme
diate arrangement, and on our own
i terms, with both of the aggreffors ;
at anv rate with one of them ; and
then it would be a moft ferious quef
tion tor the other, whether fhe
would profecute the quarrel at the
rilk _ of throwing the whole weight
of our force and our commerce into
the fcale of her enemy If theEn-
glifh cabinet be not as mad as a
March hare or their own king, they
would decide this quellion in the
negative, in which cafe our rights
would be placed hand’ insult. Ifon the
adtual fervice, if necefi'arv, any part
of the naval armament not now em
ployed.
At a period prefenting features in
the conduft of foreign powers to
wards the United States, which im-
pofe on them the neceffity of pre
cautionary meafures involving ex-
penfe, it is a happy confideration
that fuch is th‘£ (olid (late ot the
public credit, that reliance can be
iuftly placed, on any legal provifion
that may be made for reforting to it,
in a convenient from, and to an ade
quate amount.
JAMES MADISON.
January 8, 1310.
rckees and the Chickafaws
T hus far, as exhibited by the
Statiftical T able have the Che
rokees profpered by the paftoral
life and by dorneflic manufac
tures ; but it muff be underftood
that a fpirit of induftry does by
no means pervade the general
population ; the greateft num
ber arc extremely poor for want
of induftry. The hunting life
is at an end ; but a predilidion
for the hunter’s life pervades a
great part of the Cherokees, sl
many are waiting to In , - .r whe
ther the government will give
them the neceffary aid and en*
A confiderable number of
the white men are married to
Cherokee women, others are
employed as croppers for the
Cherokees f
Col Ore, who carries on the
making of fait Salt petre at this
town (Nickajack) told me laft ^
year, that he had made in five
years upwards of 60,000 pounds
of Salt petre, a confiderable
part of which he ufed itfc the
malting of powder- '
An estimate cf the principal articles
their value, viz.
6519 horfes at $0 dol
lars each
19165 black cattle at 8
dollars each
1037 fheep at 2 dolls. ■
19778 fwine at 2 dols.-
13 grift-mills at200
dollars —
3 (aw-mills at 500
dollars —
30 waggons at *0
dollars —
583 negroe (laves
300 dols. -
I9. r
153,320
2,074
39,556