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THE FEDERAL UNION.
tfHBi
JJ IS G.
POLHILLj EDITOR.
MILLEDGEVILLfi, GEORGIA, THURSDAY, MAY 12, 1831.
TOIAJMR 1, NUMBER 44.
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fie-i*. s .f Co irtnf Ordinary, (accompanied with aco-
ed of six muskets, and an old swivel, used as a
- ogle gun, belonging to the Mary, and a pair
•f pistols of my own, which I carried in my belt
1 The pirato boat’s crew were* armed with mus
itets, pistols, swerds, cutlasses and knives; and
when she carne w«thiu her own length of us,
we fired five of our muskets and the swivel
into her. Her'fire was scarcely half given,
when she filled and went down with all her
crew. At this success we were inclined to re
joice, but on looking over to the pirate schoo
ner, we observed her deck still stvarmmi with
ihe same description of horrid looking wretch
es A second boat’s crew pushed off, 'with
their muskets pointed directly at us the whole
time. When they came within the .same dis
tance as the other, we fired, but with little if
iny effect. The pirates immediately returned
(he fire, and with horrid cries jumped aboard
ol us Two of our brave crew were lying
dead upon the deck, and the rest of us expect
ed nothing belter, French, Spanish and Eng
lish Were spoken indiscriminately, and all at
ta hi advertised Three months m le;w;t.
-> i - • i <t* ’» i tudpr -x-cuts is --alarly granted by
'the eourt?, m istbe idver'istft Thirty days
S i viT’i sales urter loor-g ■ ,re xpc-.itmns must bead-
vertU-l Sixty nxvs be fart iht <J;i> o( s«le.
Sh •'•iif’s s*le- >f «-rishati'*- properly under order of
Qo'trt must be advertised g< nerally Ten pat*.
A **oisn* for A l ertisemculs will be punctually at
tended to.
* 4, * V. ! l f .e , fers directed to the office, or the Editor,
must hipost nnid ‘-ni :»*c their (r> '"nti'in.
MSC5I,£.AN7.
FROM THE IK1 HMAfi.
PiRA< Y
In the early part ol Ju,. I sailed from Pnila-
delphia in the Schooner Mary, <>n a voyage to
New Orleans. My pr.ucipai object in going
round by sea was the restoration- of my health,
which ti <<! been tor many months declining.—
Hi vug -otTii triends in New Orleans whose
commercial operations were conducted on an
extensive scale, I was charged with ;he care
of several sums of money in gold and silver,
amounting altogether, to nearly eighteen thou
sand dollars This 1 communicated to the
Captain, and we concluded to secure it in the
b-«si m.vmar ib.V ur circumstances would ad
mil. A ji’.a-ik was accordingly Liken off ihf-
ribs oft ‘<3 Schooner m mv own cabin, and the
money being deposited in (he vacancy, the
plank w.i- ti toed -down in its original place,
y.i I tjie cearns tided and tarred over. B ing
to ts rshevnd r-.uii any apprehension that the
money would be louud upon u-< in case ol an
ahack from pirates, my mind was somewhai
casi<:r vVhal ottier article^ of value I could
co.ivotn; oily carry about me, I did so. 1 bad
brought out aqnintily of bank-notes to
ihn amouu oijifteen thousand dollars Part of'
these 1 c.ius< i to be cuclully sewed in the
fc ft i.ij’iJ or mv coat, supposing that in case o
my being lost at sea my coat, should my bod',
be found would still contain the most valua
bio of my eff-els. The balance was carefully
quiited into my black silk cravat.
Our crew consisted of the Captain, nrni
four men, with a supply of live stock for the
Vi.ivngr 1 and a Newfoundland dog valuable u*
his"fidelity and sagacity. He had once saved
his master from a watery grave, when ho had
been stunned and knocked overboard by th
sudden shifting of tne boom. I was the only
passenger. Our voyage at first was prospe
rous and tuna went en rapidly. I felt my
strength iucroase tho longer we wero at sea;
and when we arrived off the Southern coast of
Florida, my feelings were like those of aoothoi
man
R-turmng health danced ««ily tiironjh not rein*,
Nursed ay tnc clunata wuere attraction reigns.
Ii was toward the evening of thp 14ih day,
two hours before sunset, that we spud a sail
astern of us. As twilight came on. uneared
us with astonishing rapidity N ght closed,
and all around was unpenetrable darkness.—
Now and then a gentle wave wouid break a
gainst our prow and sparkle for a moment, and
at a distance behind us we could see the une
ven glow of light occasioned by the foaming oi
the strange vessel The breeze that filled our
pnnv'iss was gentle though it was fresh.
“3«e ivnlk’d trie waters like a thing of life,
And aesmad tud.irc the elements to strife.”
We couraeii our way steadily through the
niglu; though onc<* or twice the roaring of the
waves increased so suddenly as to make ms be
lieve that we had passed a breaker At the
time it was unaccountable to me, but I now be-
iiovo il to be occasioned by the bark behind
u-, coming rather nearer in the darkness of
Ibo tnght. At midaight I went on deck.—
Nothing but au occasional sparkie was to be
aeon, and the ocean was undisturbed Still it
was a fearful and appalling darkness, and ip
spite of my endeavors I could not compose
myself At th<* windlass, ou the forecastle,
three of the sailors, like myself, unable to
.sleep, had collected for conversation. On
joining them, l found our tears were mutual.
They all kept their eyes steadily fixed upon the
unknown vessel, as if anticipating some lireifd
ful event. They informed me that they had
put their arms in order, and were determined
to stand or die.
Shame to tha spirilthat would shrink in fright,
When duly catia him to tl»’ ensauguiot J tl^tit.
At this moment a flash ol light, perhaps a
musket burning priming, proce ded from the
the vessel in pursuit, and we saw distinctly
that her deck was covered with men. My
heart almost failed me. I had never been in
battle, and S knew not what it wa*. Day at
length dawned, and setting all her canvass, t»ur
pursuer gained alarmingly upon us. It was
evident that she had followed us the whole
night, being unwilling to attack us in the dark.
In a few minutes, she fired a swivel and came
alongside. She was a pirate. Her boat was
lowered and about a dozen hideous looking ob
jects jumped in, with their commander at their
head. The boat pushed off, and was nearing
us fast, as we arranged ourselves for giving her
a broadside. Qjir whole stock of arms cpnsjst-
PY .«* no han't, or overmen tn*ke tide* to Land, J>once The most horrid imprecations were ut
tered against us, and threats that fancy cannot
imagine. A wretch, whose black, shaggy
whiskers covered nearly his whole face, whose
eyes were only seen at interval from beneath
iiis bushy eye-brows, and whose whole appear.
;«nco was more that of hell hound, than of a
human being, approached me with a drawn
cutlass in bis hand. I drew one of my pistols,
and snapped it in his face; but it flashed rn the
pan. and before I could draw the other, the pi
rate with a brutality that would have disgra
< ed a cannibal, struck me over the face with
his cutlass and knocked ine down. I was too
much wounded bv the blow to resist, and the
blood ran in torrents from my forehead. In
this situation, the wretch seized me by the
scalp, and thrusting bis cutlass into mV cravat,
cut it through completely I felt the cold iron
glide along my throat, and even now the very
thought makes me shudder. The worst idea
I had ever formed of human cruelty seemed
now realized, and I could see death staro me
in tile face. Without slopping to examine the
cravat, he put it in his pocket and in a voice
of thornier exclaimed, “Levez vousl” I ac
cordmgly rose upon my f-et, and he pinioned
my hands behind my back, led me to the gun
wale of the vessel, and asked another of the
gang m French, whether he should throw me
overboard. At the recollection of the scene I
am still staggered. I endeavoured to call the
prospects of eternity before me but could think
of nothing except the cold and quivcrless apa
thy of the tomb. His infamous companion re
plied “Il est trop bonne heure I’envoyer au dia
ble,” and led me to the foremast where he tied
;ne with my face to the stern of the vessel.—
The cord9 were drawn so tight around my arm-»
and legs thnt my agony was excruciating In
this situation he left me.
On looking round, I found them all employed
n plundering and ransacking every thing we
had. Over my left shoulder, one of our sail
ors was strung up to the yard arm, and appa
rently iu the last agonies of death; while bef ore
me. our gallant Captain was on hu knees and
^egging for lits life. The wretches were en
eavouriog to extort from him the secret < f
uur money; out for a while he was firm and
u lUntless. Provoked at his obstinacy, the>
xtended Ins arms and cut them off at the el
bows. At this, human nature gave way. and
me injured man confessed the spot where w -
had concealed oi.r specie. In a few minu'e-
u was aboard Ui ir own vessel To revong*
themselves on our unhappy Captain, when they
tad satisfied themselves that nothing else wa-
uidden, th y spread a bed of oakum on the
deck before me, and after soaking it through
with turpentine, tied (he Captain on it, filled
his mould with the -nme combustibles, and set
i tic whole on fire. The cries of the unfortu
riate man were heart-rending, ami his ngoni. s
must have been uuutterable; but they were
soon over. All this I was compelled lo wit
n ss Heart sick with the sight, I once shut
my eves, but a musket discharged close to iny
.•ar, was a warning sufficient to keep them
open.
On cast ing my eyes to the stern of the vessel
I di-covered that the boatswain had been nail
ed to the deck through his feet, and his body
spiked through to the tiller. He was writhing
:n the last agonies of crueifixion. Our fi.th
comrade was out of sight during all this (rage
ly; id a few minutes however he was brought
upon deck, blindfolded He was then conduct
ed to tiie muzzle of the swivel, and command
ed to kneel. The swivel was then fired off,
and bis head was dreadfully wounded by tlie
discharge. In a moment alter, it was Kgomz
ing to behold his torments and couvnl9ions,
language is too feeble to describe them I
have seen men hung upon the gibbet, but their
de'aih was like sinking into slumber when com
pared with his.
The flesh will quiver where the pince9 tear,
The blood will follow where the knife is driven.”
Excited with this scene of human butchery,
one of these wretches fired bis pis|ol at the
captain’s dog. The ball struck his shoulder
and disabled him; he finished him by shooting
him again, and at la^t by cutting out h:s
tongue!! At this last hell-engendered act, my
blood boiled winti indignation at such savage
brutality on a helpless inoffensive dog!^ But I
was unable to give utterance or action tor my
feelings.
There’* always burning In the freeman's soal f •
A sacred flimc, tenacious ofcontreul;
From heaven decended and to heaven allied,
That glows with lustre an the sufferer’s side.
Seeing that the crew had been every one
despatched, I began to think more ol myself.
My old enemy, who seemed not to forget me,
once more approached me; shockingly be
smeared with blood and brains. He had stood
by the side of the unfortunate sailor who suf
ferod before the swivel, and supported him
with the point of his bayonet. He dre-v a sti
letto from his side, placed its point upon my
heart & gave it a heavy thrust I felt its point
touch my skm; but the quilting of my bank bills
prevented its further entrance This aavage
monster then ran it op my breast, as if inteo
ting to divide my lungs, and in doing so, the
bank bills fell upon tbe deck fie snatched
them up greedily and exclaimed. *“AJti! iaisse*
oaow voir ce qut re9fe. ,> * My dresb, in a few
moments was ripped to pieces at the peril of
my life. He frequently came so near, as to
tear my skin atm deluge me with blood; but by
the mercy ol providence, I escaped from eve
ry danger At this instant, a heavy, flaw
struck the Schooner, and I heard one of the
pirates"say “Voila un Vaisseau!” They all re
treated precipitately, and gfiinrng their own
vessel, were soon out of sight.
Helpless as I now was, jLhal the satisfaction
of knowing that the pirates h^d been frighten
ed by the appearance of a sail. But it was
impossible for me to see it. Still tiwk to the
foremast, 1 knew not what was my prllpect of
release. An hour or two elapsed after they
left me and it was now noon The sun played
violently on my head, and I felt a languor and
debility that indicated approaching fever. My
hbad gradually sunk upon my breast, when I
was shocked by hearing the water pouring into
the cabin windows. The wretches had ‘-entiled
t!i<* vessel, and left me pinioned to go down
with her. I commended my spirit t<> my My
ker, and gave myself up for lost. I felt myself
gradually dying away, and the fi t thing that 1
remember was the foamingnoise of the waves
This was occasioned by a ship passing !>y me.
i was taken in, restored to Health, and am now
a poor ru»nv-d he'pless man.
tain. As, however, tbis occupation of Bo
logna has only been known a few hours in the
Government of Louis Philippe, let os wait for
(he decision of the Cabinet before we complain
or threaten. Let us hope that this progress ol
despotism m the South of Europe may, ere it be
too late, open the eye9 and raise the courage o!
even a Perrier Administration
The conduct of the Austrian forces in Mo
dena and Parma has of course been severe and
brutal. There are no troops in Europe le'siF
ro&xna^r.
Extract of a letter, dated,
London,31^1 March, 1831.
The Old World is breaking up. Tha Clay
tors of the Image are crumbling. There must
be a war. Young France will not look on and
see the brave Poles devoured by hordes of
Russians,—or the flame of Liberty in Iuiy
smothered by the Anstr an extinguisher.
The sympathies oi England are undoubtedly
in favor of Poland & Laly; but at prescut these
sympathies are absorbed in the great question
ot reform;—A question which may be consul
ered as settled, if the King stand by his Mi
nisters.
But he is assailed strongly by some mem
bers of his family in opposition; and feeling no
great reverence for Kuigs, ur confidence in
them I shall not be surprised to see tbe same
trick played with the preseut, as with the last
Whig Ministry
[A tecent regulation of the Post-Office ad
inns Foreign nsws papers at 31 each.]
But what is tbis we are toid? It, is »->id id
private and in public, ‘that h Protocol
signed id London, ou tbe l?th March, which
sanctions the occupation of Luxembourg and
Liege, by the Prussian troop*—the Scheldt by
an English naynl fiwee—Moos, Brugs, and Oa-
rend, by an English army—and Nanntir, Bros*
sels, Tournay, 4tc. by French lorces!” This
army of occupation, and this fleet of inspection
and order, are to be stationed m Belgium for
twb objects—first to prevent a warbetweeft
civilized, less moderate in victory, less kind, that country and Holland, i e. prevent an at-
towards their enemies and leak anti-barbarian
than the Austrians In Modena they have trea
ted with cruelty and indignity the best and
most virtuous citizens. They placed the Duke
on his throne by the force of foreign bayonets,
and at the sacrifice of the lives of his subjects,
and every step from Austria to Modena of this
beloved Monarch," has been stained with
blood! For such successes the Duke has at tend
ed at the Cathedral! sung for hours aTe Doum!
nd rendered thanks to Almighty God for hav
ing enabled him by force of arms to reduce to
momentary subjection the unhappy and indig
nant people over whom Heaven has called him
to govern!! All these Italian Princes have
commissions from Heaven! L is most extraor
dinary, however, that they do not demonstrate
the divimty of their commission by the work
ing of miracles. Until then, we bold and dar
ing heretics venture to question t h eir patient
rights; and if Modena is not to be permanent
ly occupied by Austrian troops, in a very short
time thip Duke wiii be agnin compelled to make
an excursion into foreign parts 1 assure you
that the Modena Revolution has not terminat
ed
In Belgium we are not marching. On one
side there is the French Government atraid of
offending—on another, Holland preparing for
w«r—on another, Prussia, ready to occupy
Luxembourg!} and Liege—and last of all,
there are at London an assembly ot Protocol
ists. who meet in Downing street, and legislate
for the hopes, wants, and wishes of nearly four
millions of people. But what is the B^lgiai
To the Editor of the Morning Chronicle.
Paris. March, 27 1831
Sir—The Austrian-, have enter d Bologna!
Tlie Euperor, when he made his Proclamation
m favor of “order" and '‘Despotism," declar
ed (bat the Austrian troops were *'in the fir-t
instance" to enter Modena antf Parma. The
lovers of peace, at all hazards, and at all pri
res, said, that although the “pacific" Emperor
poke “of the first instance," yet really he had
no intention of proceeding into the Roman
Slates—and that if any mistake the troops
-hould proceed so far as Ferrara, that they
vould arrest their march at the birthplace of
Arioato, and not incur the indignation and r<'
roaches, tbe anger and resentment ol France!
From hour to hour these assurances have been
made in Le Temps (which of late has changed
ns colors;) in the Journal des Debats, which
no later than yesterday recommended war in
case the Austrian troops should attompt to es
tablish themselves as tbe poltcoof tbe Roman
States; and in all the Court Circles and Litera
ry Salons, where it has been laid down as a
*ort of axiom that Ferrara would be the limit ol
French forbearance Bat 4 at length tbe Au.«
trians have entered Bologna! and the peace
party are to-day biting their lips and cursing
their imprudence in not even consenting be
forehand to the entry which has been made,
ii d to which they must submit or declare war.
The Temps, of to day has however, with its
accustomed ability, thought of a remedy for
this evil, and it says, “Lo-t us wait"—“This is
the result of th- negociations or policy of the
Me Ministry.” “VVe cannot know tbe result
of ;ho new system of our tie* Cabinet before
the middle of April; and, in fine, they were for
waiting till the mischief is done and then they
will exclaimed, “It is too late to help it!!’*—
Although, however, the “p ace party’ ? has not
yet aboodoued its hopes—the nat.on has nearly
lost its patience. All rea-onable and respecta
bit-citizens unquestionably admit that war is a
great evil, and that p< ace should, if possible,
bo preserved; but all citizens who have a grain
of common sense, and whose love of high pri
ces does not get the better of their judgments,
must also admit that after the Revolution oi
July m France, if despotic and absolute Gov
ernments shall succeed in crushing the spirit
and love of liberty in other lands, they will
afterwards unite to attack that Revolution
which wots the parent of the rest, and which
these Despots only affect to respect because it
is powerful, and until they have succeeded it
crushing all its allies.
In the cases of Modena and Parma, the ex
cuses which were made by the Court of Vien
na, though frivolous and unjust, were yet found
ed upon something like tbe pretext of family
alliances, and tbe necessity for supporting the
dignity and honor of Austrian Princes; but the
case of tbe Papal States admits of no such
subterfuge—and as Austria is arming every
where—has ordered a new levy of troops—has
just made a loan of 100 million of francs—oc
cupies Modena and Parma and ere this domi
nates in Romania, and will occupy all central
Italy, it is high time for Louis Philippe to be up
and beet ir himself unless he desire* tu be a
witness to the third restoration. If liberty
shall be crushed in Spain, Portugal, Italy, Po
land Belgium and Germany, she will uot long
remain uaaswiled in France, or even Bn-
Government doing? What is the policy ot
th» Regent? Who and what are his Ministers?
What is tbe conduct of the Members of the
Congress! And above all. what are the peo
ple about ? Lei me answer these questions
iu a few words.
The Belgian Government is divided ! The
most powerlul party still entertain some hopes
of a reunion to France—of at least the Duke
of Nemours for King. Another party, consid
ering this as impossible is favorable to an Eng
lish alliance, and to tbe selection of Prince
Leopold, of Saxe Coburg. A third party is
for postponing all these considerations until tbe
prehmenary question is disposed of; and that
question is, “What is Belgium—its limits—ter
nloiy-populatiou?" This party ih divided into
two sections—one for immediate declaration ot
war against Holland, inorder to retain possessi
on of Antwerp, Maastricht, and Luxembourg by
force; and the other section is for negociatiog
with King Wdliam- for mutual concessions—for
yielding up pari of the provinces of Luxem
bourg and Hamauit for the purpose of secur
ing Luxembourg to Belgium. Thus the Gov
ernment is divided—*and now the Ministry is
dissolved.
What is the policy of the Regent? National!
truly national! Ho is opposed to the system of
Protocols! H .s for demanding the strict ob
servance ot tbe principle of non intervention.
Ho is for relying or themselves, and not on
France, or England, or Prussia—but on wear y
t<>ur millions of united B-. igians He looks to
Poland and derives consolation from the no
ble and and successful exertions of those brave
and devoted patriots; and he hopes to raise the
enthusiasm and valor of tbe Belgians to the
same degree of excitement. In this he is mis
taken He must calculate upon the coldness
of the Belgian character—-upon the lukewarm
ness of the capitalists who were tbe friends of
the fallen dynasty—and upon the opposition or
secret conspiracies of the Orange party The
regent has a host of difficulties to contend with,
and the last though not least, is the uncertainty
of the Policy of the French Government.
Who and what are the Ministers of the Re
gent.* On this head tbe information which we
are in possession of to-day is not more satisfac.
tory. The Cabinet ib dissolved-a new adminis
tration is formiag—various names are announ
ced as likely to form it—and we must wait
eignt and forty hours before we can pronounce
an opinion.
What is the conduct of the Members of
Congress?—Some are still conspiring ^or the
Prince of Orange—but they are few, obtenre
and anti-national. Some (the majority) are
sighir,g and pressing for a re-union to France.
Belgium is too smalt—too powertes*—too di
vided, to form an independent kiugdom for any
great length of time. An union to Holland is
impossible—to Prussia, impossible —but to
France, both possible and desirable, provided
Great Britain would consent.
And wbat are the people about? They are
preparing for war! They are first of all for
fixing the territorial limits of Belgium. They
say with truth that it is useless to elect a
King until there be a kingdom to offer him :—
and that until the limits of Belgium shall be
fixed, all other measures are provisional and
useless! They wish for a war with Holland to
decide th*? question. They do not wish war
for the sake of war; but they understand that
King William wilt not abandon the citadels
of Antwerp and Maestncht, or Luxembourg;
and they, therefore, wish to appeal to the force
of arms. Can this be avoided? Yes, by the
re-union of Belgium to France; or by the arm
ed intervention of the foreign Powers. But
this armed intervention is forbidden by the
principles of our July revolution. The re uni
on to France will not he sanctioned by Prussia
>>r Great Britain. Then a war between Bel
gium and Holland is inevitable, unless the prm
tack on the part ol the Dutch Government;
and second, to enforce on Belgium the Proto*
cols of London and the election of such a
Prince as may be agreeable to the Allied Pow
ers!! Do 1 pledge myself thdt this Protocol
has been signed? By no means: hut I fear it
has been, and that even Talleyrand is a party
to such an arrangement! If France shall l»o
thus cajoled out of her Revolution of 1830,
she will take care not to be deceived in 1831,
and any Government which shall be a p-»ty
to a similar attack on the right of the Bel
gians, and on the principles of their rcvolui on,
will have a sad tnd short life in regt Dera
ted and emancipated France. Whait is li-
hnrty to be crushed in Italy—is patriotism to
he exterminated in Poland—and are the Bel-
gains to be protocoled out of th’ ir rights by
the armed intervention of a * non intervening
policy." No, no—Trance will not endure
this.
Poland is still the theme of our snxietiee,
our hopes, our fears, and cur love Tin first
campaign of the Emperor has falter He
thought the revolution wa9 a mere coup d’etat.
and hi* called the revolutionist a handioi of
brigands! He resorted to his fourteenth ar
ticle!" for the beoefii of his faithful and well
beloved Polish subjec-'s, and sent a laige army
to arrest the brigands, and plenty of cannon to
maintain “order.” These lovers of order are
always for shooting; and they have a short of
patent for putting down insurrection, viz; that
of killing all the insurrectionists. This wa- ihe
mission of Marshal Diebitsch, but th Pole-&
the thaw were too much for him, and he has
adjoared (he execution of his task "to a more*
convenient season.”
What now is the duty of France? It is too
c/ear, too obvious to ao infant in leading string*
;o be mistaken by even a dotard or a Dupm!
Her duty i9 to aid alone, or to co-operate with
Austria; and if the King of Prussia shall indeed
he wdling, as it is affirmed that he is then to
co-operate also with him; and above all, wuh
G. Britian, m preventing by diplomatic nego-
editions, the further effusion of blood, and.no
sacrifice of a brave and virtuous people. By
even tbe Theatres of Vienna, Poland was de
clared an independent Kingdom? It was not
joined to Russia, though, ns Kmg William, of
England is also Kmg ot Hanover, so was tiio
Emperor of Russia declared Kmg of Poland.
The Poles have refused longei to obey their
Kmg? It is a national, and not a party deier-
miuating? Their King disputed this—denied
it—said that Europe was deceived—that 8
handful of Briganda wero the Revolutionists—
and that as soon as his standard should be
raised in Poland, the inhabitants would flock
try thousands to the head quarters of In* arms.
No one believed this ho; the Emperor; but as
Charles X. had tried a Pans. ’amt-Wrtlutm of
Nassau had tried in Belg-nm, lo restore order
••nd li-gitimacy by the sword—why the King of
Poland was allowed to inarch Russian troops a-
gainst Warsaw Bui his troops are defeated
—his standard is trampled upon—und, uules*
he shall from t me to time reduce Poland to
ashes, ami Ihn-> reign silent morales tiid barren
deserts, he will never be Kmg of that country,
Diebitsch c «ii tell hun (his s-ecret, though n will
he n painful deV' lopement The doty, then,
of France is clear—that duty is to enforce tho
principle of con intervention. Any lumn.r in
terference of Russian (roups in the afla.ra of
Poland will be a violation of that principle: and
Russia has no mure ihe right to take up n»e
cause of the Ex King of Poland, than Prussia
would have the right to espouse in.it of the
Ex King of Holland. I am no lover ot this
principle of non intervention, so long as abso
lute Governments exist m Europe; but still,
•is this principle is adopted *lor the benefit of
Kings, let os insist on partaking of ns advan
tages—we form part of the people!
The policy of the new French Ministry in
the domestic affairs of France demands a grea
ter space than I can devote to it in tins letter.
1 can say but a few words, but they may ex
plain ail I desire to slate for tue moment Tho
Ministers have commenced an opposition to
the new A9soc;ation.-~Soine have called them
id their circulars “oseiess and unneces
sary;" others “insulting to the Kmg and to the
Government;” and all have indicated that they
may become dangerous! No one who holds an
appointment, either military or civil, is to be
allowed to become a member, and the “orders
of the King” are to be taken as tu all who may
be refractory. M Sebast min’s circular did not
appear with the rest. It has been published
to-day. The reason for tbe delay is-tldie.sta
ted this morning by his friWdAurtMl as hi*
enemies: he bad resigned, and^bgre(pre, issu
ed no circular; hut the news from Bologna hav
ing determined the Cabinet ob*rnakiDg war
against Austria, unless her troops should im
mediately retire. Sehastiana again remains in
Office, at least onfil this question is decied.—
To-morrOW wo shall know more—and to mor
row a loan is to be made, which will he very
popular if we have war, and extreun ly unpopu
lar if we have peace.
I am, Sir, your obedient servant.
O P Q.
United States Expedition. —The scient ific ex
pedition for the exploration of the B>U’.h Seas,
fitted out by the U. States, has entirely failed.
The crew of the ships mutinied, and after hav>
ing set the superintendents of the expedition.
;»ple of tbe July revolution is to be eompro (ashore in Pern,-carried tbe ve-s U in'x- St Ma-
raised* This is the position of Belgian Affaire, j ey’sr a little-south of Conception.—LiK trt&.