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FEDERAL UNION.
DOMESTIC.
From the Globe.
Further correspondence between the President
«uid Mr. Ingham.
Washington, June 23, 1831.
Sir—I received your letter of-the 21st, at 9 o'-
<sh>ck on the 22d, through the City Post Office,
charging several officers of the Government with a
conspiracy to assassinate you. They were imme
diately furifished by me with a copy of your letter;
and I herewith enclose, for your information,.co
pies of the replies which they"have given, denying
the charges.preferred against them by you. A co
py of my letter is also enclosed.
4 am, very respectfully,
Your obedient Servant.
(Signed) ANDREW JACKSON.
U- D. Ingham, Es<l
• P. S. I would ha ye preferred that this matter
should have been examined into, face to face, and
for that purpose sent my messenger tor you, but
was informed you liad left the City at 4 o’clock,
A. M. A. J.
New-Hope-, June 30th, 1831.
The President of the United States.
Sir: 1 had the honor to receive, by way of
Doyles town, your letter of the 23d inst, with its j
to the fact,'that his station affords him no oppor
tunity of making his opinions officially known; and
that lie has been restrained from communicating
them informally to the public, by a feeling ot delica
cy, and apprehension tliat it might be considered
an improper intrusion; and not Irom a desire to
leave his sentiments doubtful.
We respect such feelings, but believe there are
pccasions on which they ought to yield to liigher
considerations, and that such is the present. We
are gratified to learn from a quarter entitled to
credit, that this is probably the impression of the
Vice-President himself; and that, yielding to what
appears to be tlie wish of the public, and in the
candour due to bis own character, he will place
‘his sentiments before the public without reserve,
in reflerence to the subject which has caused these
remarks.—Pendleton Messenger.
From the Baltimore Republican.
GENERAL BERNARD.
W T e are informed that this gentleman, who re
cently returned to this country, from a visit to
France, has finally determined upon quitting the
American service, and dedicating the remainder of
his life, to that -of his native land. Much as
we must regret this resolution, it is impossi
ble not to admire the spirit in which it has been
[adopted. A friend who knows him intimately, and
enclosures, viz: copies of a circular letter from you j appreciates his great acquirements and unobtrusive
'to the acting Secretary of War, Treasurer of the j merits justly, has furnished us with the following
United States, Register and Second Auditor of the | proper comments.
Treasury, and of their respective answers—the co- ■ “General Bernard.—W 7 ith feelings of sincere
py of your circular being in print; the others I had f regret, inspired by profound admiration of his
also seen in the newspapers some days before your j great talents, and respect for his individual charac-
(etter reached me. j ter, we announce the resL nation of this distinguish-
In your letter to me above referred to, you speak ‘ ed officer, in the persuasion that the critical situa-
of my having charged several officers ot the gov- tion of his native land, places him under the moral
eriiment with a conspiracy, and state that they have : obligation to offer her his services. The labours of
denied the charges preferred against them by me. General Bernard, since he came to America, bav‘e
1 must be permitted to say, that I have noi charged been so strictly scientific, and his appearance and
those officers with any specific offence in the form manners so miid and unpretending, that some may
Suggested by you. 1 have stated, that the late Se- not have duly valued them,—like treasure in the
■creiary of War and acting Secretary of War were field of the husbandman, which is passed by and
lying in wait for the purpose of making an assault not fuily appreciated, until about to be removed be-
upon me on my way to the office, as I believed, with yond the reach of its unconscious owner,
an intent to assassinate. I also stated that a gro-. During the war, and before our Engineer De-
cery store between my lodgings and the office, and partment had attau c f the organization and effi-
the rooms of the Treasurer and Register, were al- ciency it has since acquired, we were rnadeto pav-
fernately occupied by them as places of rendezvous and to bleed severely, for the want of national de-
While so employed. I further stated, that the Trea-j fences scientifically arranged an l consirucied, ac-
surer, Register, and Second Auditor were in their cording to the various and profound principles,
company. I also stated that the principal persons ; which enter into every good system of defence a*
thus engaged, viz: Eaton and Randolph, with a. gainst foreign invasion. In fact we had com para-
recruited force, threatened an assault on the dwel- tively no experience in military engineering, and it
ling I resided in, the same night, until a late hour, j was judged to he of tiie last importance, to procure
and 1 now state that this threatening was continu- ; an office, of enlarged views, from that corps of the
ed until a late hour on the following night. The : French army, by whose almost miraculous agency,
officers who have denied the charge as framed by I its victorious Eagles had been displayed over all
you, admit having been in company with Mr. Ea-; Europe.
ton during the time referred to, but they deny hav- j General Bernard, was designated to our Minister
ing been in his company the whole time; this was ■ at Paris, as an officer whose talents whilst still a
never intended to have been alleged by me. The-youth, had attracted the infallible penetration of
admissions, equivocations, and palpable reservations of Napoleon, who afterwards owed to his genius in
in their letters, are abundant proof of all the mate- engineering, the defence of points of vital irnpor-
*ia! facts alleged by me, so far as they are concern-! tance, against awful means of assault? as well as
ed; but if any doubt remains, it should be observed, | the ways for conducting his army in its most rapid
that iny letter of the 21st was addressed to you es- j and overwhelming movements. On one occasion,
pecially as Chief Magistrate of the District of Co-j when ordered by the Emperor to throw a bridge
iumbia, in which capacity your power must be am- over a river, to pass the army, in the shortest possi-
ple to direct the proper officer of the Government
tn institute a legal investigation of this transaction,
before a tribunal having power to examine and com
pel the attendance of witnesses. Whenever this
.shall be done, I will, without delay, return to the
seat of government, and render all the aid in mv
r wer, to such officer, in the discharge of his duty.
must, however^be distinctly understood, that the
investigation shall begin with the principals, and
t^lore I furnish a list of the witnesses, that an as
surance of protection shall be given to those who
hold offices, that they shall suffer no injury in con
sequence of giving testimony. This has become
necessary, by reason of the declaration of Mr.Evans,
tihe brother-in-law of Mr. Eaton, that the “Presi
dent would turn every clerk out of office, who took
my part in this business,” and of other facts which
fypve since come to my knowledge. Although I
do not assume that this declaration was authorized
^ you, yet it is indispensable to justice, that no ap
prehension of this nature should rest on the minds
of the witnesses.
I have ‘he honor to be,
Very respectfully,
Your obedient servant.
S. D. INGHAM.
It Was the general belief, that no fighting would
take place. The Indians, seeing themselves en
compassed by so large a force, it was thought,
would stipulate for the best terms they could obtain,
and then retire from the ground. The steamboat
Enterprize leaves here to day with additional
troops, and supplies for the army.
Gov. Reynolds accompanies the Illinois Militia
—the command of which is given to Major Gen
eral Duncan*—A. Star.
The Lexington Observer of July, 2, has this
Postscript. It will be observed that it is contradicted
a't the bottom.
HIGHLY IMPORTANT 1! INDIAN HOSTIL
ITIES.
The following is extracted from a letter written
by Mr. David Cassel, of Jacksonville (III.) to Mr.
Michael Cough, of this place. It will appear from
it, that the Indian disturbances are likely to result in
something more serious than has been anticipated.
The writer of the letter'is a gentleman of high re
spectability, and the information it contains* may
be relied upon as correct. Rock River is situated
150 miles above Jacksonville:
“Jacksonville, (111.) June 20.
“Yesterday an express passed thro’ this place
from Genera! Gaines, who had gone on in advance
against the hostile Indians on Rock River, with 500
regular troops, Staling that he had been DEFEAT
ED with the loss of THREE HUNDRED OF
HIS MEN, and HIMSELF WOUNDED.—
Our Governor has gone on with 1500 mounted Vol
unteers, and has sent back for 3,000 more from this
State, Indiana and Missouri. We tear there will
be much loss of time and lives.”
fr3“After a part of our papers had been printed
off and distributed, the above report of the defeat
of Gen. Gaines, has been contradicted. We hope
the report may turn out to be groundless.
FEDERAL UNION.
AIILLEDGE\ 1LLE, JULY 28, 18 1.
OCIffBi.R. ■ L'lG'1luN.
FOR GOVERNOR,
WILSON LUMFKIN.
GEORGIA LEGISLATURE.
Candidates to represent Baldicin county.
FOR THE SENATE,
JAMES C. WATSON.
FOR THE HOUSE,
EZEKIEL E. PARK,
WILLIAM W. CARNES.
Washington, July 7, 1831.
Sir: The President, on his return to-day, from
f.lj£ Rip Raps, has received your letter of the 30th
uk. In reply to your renewed call upon him, “as
Chief Magistrate of the District of Columbia,” I
am directed to inform you, that he does not con
sider the fact of certain officers “having been in
company with Maj. Eaton,” during office hours,
and in their offices, where it is their duty to be, and
where every individual has a right to go, as sup
porting the charge that those offices were used “as
places of rendezvous” by a party lying in wait to
assassinate you; nor as constituting “probable
epuse” to justify the subjection of citizens of fair
character, all solemnly denying your imputations,
to arraignment before a Court ol criminal jurisdic
tion: That if “a legal investigation of this transac
tion, before a tribunal having power to examine and
compel the attendance of witnesses” be, by you,
ileemed necessary, he assures you of adequate pro
tection in the City of Washington, where you have
flie right, as prosecutor before the grand jury, to
present the supposed offenders, or to summon them
before any magistrate of the District: Also, that
«an assurance of protection shah be given to those
FROM THE ATHENIAN.
THE RESULT OF EXPERIMENTS MADE
WITH SOME SPECIMENS OF CLAY.
Mr. Shaw.—Having in possession several kinds
of Clay, I was induced the other day to make some
experiments with them to test their relative value.
Mv collection consisted of a specimen from Colum
bia County, one from Habersham county, and one
from Carroll county, Georgia, with a specimen
from Alabama, and one from J\ew-York.
I ground a small parcel of each to a fine paste,
and submitted them separately to a white heat in a
furnace. On doing which, the specimen Irom Co
lumbia county, Georgia, was found capable of pro
ducing the purest and finest kind ol China Hare.
Tiie specimens fiom Habersham and Carroll coun
ties, and also the one from New-York, I found
would produce very good Staffords hire, or what
goes by the name of Liverpool porcelain ware.—
The specimen from Alabama, was very fine clay,
but was injured in its color by the presence of iron,
which enters into its composition.
The valuable specimen from Columbia county,
Geo. is called Kaolin, {thepurest porcelain clay) in
mineralogy. It is lound on Green Briar creek near
the road side, leading from Washington, Wilkes
county, to Augusta via Ravsviile. Its deposit is
said to be very extensive and abundant. This lo-
r , . ru.-.» i p<»*>i- j cality ot'Kaolin is onliv 18 or 20 miles N. W. frqm
ble time, he announced its completion at the end ot i Augusta. I find professor Cleveland, in his valua-
three days. The Emperor was incredulous, and I p| e work on mineralogy, gives the following locality
was only convinced by a personal inspection by of KaoU ^ « In Georgia, it is found about 30 miles
lamp-light. On a subsequent occasion, the r reach ; jy \\ r . from Augusta. It resembles the Kaolin of
army, in retreat, destroyed tne same bridge, and it. jj m0 g CS /j n France,) except that its siliceous par-
is said to have required t.ie pursuing aunv ol ad j q C HS arP mi ich finer and scarcelv visible, its colors
the Allies, three weeks to re-construct it. j are said to be white and red. (Lit. S? Philos. Re-
General Bernard accepted toe invitation of our i p er f Vm The color oftbe specimen tested bv
Government, but his only from tne arc loves or | nie, was a fine white. Whether the locality of Ka-
the Department of Engineers, that an adequate j Q ^j n on Green Briar Creek, he tlie same alluded to
conception can he formed of the extent and vast > foregoing extract, I am not able to say: but
importance ot his surveys, plans and estimates lor i j q highly probable tliat the Kaolin of which
roads and public works, civil and mmlar*. i il '-J mv piece was a specimen, will be found equal in
sickly coasts ot the Avuintic and tne fastnesses ot j q ua |gy t 0 an y j n the world. Professor Cleveland
the Western wilds, the mountains of the Allegany,
and the marshes ot Orleans, have been traversed by
him and his able associates, with an eye to facilit
ate internal commerce: and to cheapen national de-
mentions but five or six Realms in the United
States, besides the one in Georgia.
Dr. Ramsey,an a soo -t biographical sketch giv-
. _ 1 - „ , , /»• , i en of Dr. Alexander Garden of Charleston, in the
fence. Except Ins illustrious and a tuched frieac, ■ volume of his history of South Carolina, has in-
General Lafayette, perhaps no man livmjr has seen , scrtc(t the f n !:, nvin „ statement: “To extend his
United States as General Bernard.
somuen of the Uniton mates as oenerar cernaru. j /j)
Tne time of his resitl mco amongst us, has been ; ^
an unbroken period, of ardent, conscientious, but
quiet and efficient service; and s’uoi Id the great
plans which he has designed, and will leave behind
him, for strengthening and defending the Union of.
Garden’s) knowledge in Natural History, he
■ accompanied James Glenn, Gov. of S. Carolina in
j the year 1755, when he penetrated into the Indian
country, and formed a treaty with the Cherokees in
their mountains. In this expedition, Dr. Garden
, _ .. , , ... , discovered an earth, which, upon a fair trial bv the
these States, be consummated, they will serve m Ins j Mart y c1 urcrs at Worcester in Great Britain; was
absence as monuments of glory to the name of a! To tlw fillcst porcelain that was ever
one, who was esteemed and admired through all vi-| imiJw . tod q. om Im]in> Unfortunately, no precise
cissitudes of party, and w.io never etrnyed l,lC j knowledge can be had of ihe spot where this valu-
east vanity ot his own superior endowments;* ble earth was found. Hitherto no advantage has
resulted from this discovery, though noldouff exists
of its reality and importance.”—Ramsey's History
General Bernard will carry with him, a more inti
mate knowledge of our country, and its institutions,
than any European living, save one, and though he j 0 f South Caroline.
knows wy!l how to discriminate between the duties j Whether the Kaolin or porcelain clay, discover- j
of the soldier and tae partisan, ive are sure that he i frr J))-. Garden during Gov. Glenn’s expedi- j
will never be the willing instrument of despotism.' tion, be the same with Professor Cleveland’s local-
Tlie advocates and administrators of any govern- J q y? or t }, at on Green Briar Creek, I am not able to '
ment, essentia'!*/ free, are but too fortunate, when , qptermine: though I conceive it quite possible, as 1
they can employ such men. j Columbia County, in 1755 if not actually inhabited
. j by the Cherokee Indians, must have bordered very
Department of State,
Washington,Sth July, 1831.
The following information has been officially re
ceive!:, and is published lor tlie interest of Com
merce generally:
Consulate of the United States,
Point-a Pder, Island of Gamlalonpe,
12th May, 4831.
“I have the honor to inform you that the Gov
ernor of this Island has opened the Ports 1o the I or-
closely on their territory, and we are n t informed
I what particular route Gov. Glenn pursued. Of
! one thing, however, I fuel satisfied, that •whether
i th - locality on Green Briar he tlie same tliat Dr.
Gar hn discovered or not, it will he found altogeth
er equal to the specimen he sent to Europe. ,
It has for a long time Wen known that the best
Chinese ware is manufactured from Kaolin, which
is mostly aluminous earth. But ihe Kaolin from
eign Commerce
ty for any misconduct which the investigation may
tmfold.
The President directs me to inform you, that
should any persons connectediwith the Government,
be found implicated in having formed part of “a
recruited force,” to engage in hostilities of any
kind within the precincts of the Departments, or
elsewhere within the District of Columbia; or in
having armed and associated together, to the dis
turbance and alarm of its peaceful citizens, he will
£el it his duty, in addition to the penalties of the
law, forthwith to dismiss the offenders from the
public service. He directs me further, Sir, and in
concision, to state that, from the enquiry he has
made, your charges to that effect against the Act
ing Secretary of War, and others, do not appear
to be founded in fact; and that he cannot but as-
<jribe them to a reliance on false statements or
Vague surmises, or to tlie workings of an over-ex
ited imagination.
1 ana, Sir, very respectfully,
Your obedient servant,
N. P. TRIST.
|?amtjil D. Ingham, Esq.
Pm/Iahton, Bucks county, Pentu
MR* CALHOUN.
We observe that the opinions of the Vice-Presi-
dent, in refference to what is called “nullification,”
are a subject of much speculation, and that some of
the public journals have called on him to explain
what they are. We are satisfied that there has
been on his part, no attempt to conceal or disguise
his sentiments, on thk ? or any other subject infer-
fsting to the public: and that whatever doubts
may be felt in relation to them in any quarter, have
pat originated in airy act of H?, but may be traced
Columbia county, seems to he so finely united with
first of June next, to the J silex in its composition, as to render nnv addition
Petunze, for manufacturing it into porct lain veare,,
unnecessary. I
Ware almost as good as that from China, is now '
of Sugars, with no other export duty hut whatis j manufactured pretty extensively in France, and*
paid by the French commerce. I take the liberty • especially at Sevres, where the ware made is more j
to enclose herein, the newspapers in which that law j beautiful than any in Europe. |
has been published.” It ri not probable that the facts I have given, can j
be of any immediate utility; but I concluded, that i
it would he Well for their existence to lie generally |
known, tliat In the event any French porcelain
manufacturer should he disposed hereafter to con
duct his trade in orr country, he will readily know
where to obtain the very best material in the great
est abundance.
Respectfully yours.
A. JONES.
From Paulson’s {T’/i'uMphiaj Advertiser.
A visit to Rittenhouse Square, and then to Wash
ington Square, will convince any one of the effica
cy of tobacco water, in destroying caterpillars and
i insects. The former is almost stripped of its
foliage, while the latter not only retains its full por
tion of leaves, but these are of a deep healthy hue-
The Gardener, Mr. Gillespie, was engaged, this
morning, in the operation of throwing that infusion,
by a hand engine, upon the trees opposite the Pres
byterian Church, and by that means brought down
innumerable caterpillars, many of which dropped
dead, and few survived over fifteen minutes. The
expergnent is cheap, and could not fail to be useful
ly employed in orchards, fruit and flower gardens.
One hundred weight of tobacco stems, costing
but three dollars, will make enough liquor for eve
ry infested tree in the whole square, and a few hun
dred weight will be sufficient for the season. For
a mere trifle, every gentleman who values the trees
before his house, or in his garden, may nave them
protected and invigorated by tliis simple applica
tion. C.
St. Locis, June 28.
The Indian disturbance—Our latest news from
Rock Island is, that about 1500 of the mounted
militia of Illinois, were within twenty miles of tliat
station on Thursday last: that the regular troops
were in garrison, aw r aiting their arrival, and that
thea Hie natter weald be brought to as iasue.—
[COMMUNICATED FOR THE ATHENIAN.]
Jackson County, July 12, 1831.
Mr. Share—Sir: As you were good enough
sometime ago to notice in your paper bv twelve
pound turnips, you may if you please notice my
equally productive wheat. I sowed on tlie 15th of
October last, three quarts of a beautiful white,
wheat, which has been very recently introducedin-
to our state, and on the 15th of June following, I
cut it, and have since thrashed, cleaned, and meas
ured seventeen and a half bushels of its net product;
! one bushel of which, weighed 68 pounds. From
this experiment, I have not the smallest doubt but
what I can cause the same kind of wheat to yield
ten bushels per quart. Is this not enough, Sir, to
convince every planter that he cultivates too much
land.
I am very respectful! v, yours, &c.
JOSEPH 3. SINGLETON.
A sppcimen of the wheat mentioned above,
may be seen at this office* En.. Ath.
THE GOLD MINES.—As the Gold Mines in
the Cherokee country, are an exceedingly valuable
pari of the domain of the State, the people should
scrutinize, with watchful foresight, and intense anx
iety, the policy pursued by the government, for
their appropriation or distribution. It is now ut
terly improbable, that, during the present year, the
Cherokee lands will be disposed of, under the lot
tery act of eighteen hundred and thirty: and that
act, in all its provisions, will be open to amendment,
or repeal, by the next Legislature: and will he sub
ject to the direct and open, and to the indirect and
secret, influence of the Executive.
The number of gold mines, on the lands at pre
sent occupied by the Cherokees, is unascertained,
and the amount of wealth hidden in the bosoms of
these mines, is conjectural: but it is known, that
their number is large, and that they contain a vast
store of the precious metal. Without pretending i
to make a close calculation, we think our informa- j
tion authorizes us safely to say, that there are at j
least one thousand gold mines, in the Cherokee coun-
try. As our citizens are generally aware of the
value of these mines, and of their existence over a
large portion of this region, it is probable that, it
they are disposed of by lottery, very lew of them
will be sold by the fortunate drawers, unless for
high prices. Jn some instances, individuals may,
by. speculation, become the owners of several mines:
while on the other hand, it will often happen, tnat
single mines will be held in partnership, by several
persons. If these mines shall be distributed by lot
tery, agreeably to the provisions of the act of "eigh
teen hundred and thirty, we believe we are safe in
calculating, that they will he held by al least one j
thousand individuals, or heads of families. j
What a delightful picture of comfort, and com- j
petence, and wealth, is here presented! \Y ho are
to he these favored children of fortune? On .he lot
tery system, they will be the children of tne State.
On this fair plan* for the equal distribution of the
ample and splendid patrimony of the people, no ci-
tizen, no child of a citizen, will be excluded on ac
count of his obscurity, or of his poverty, or of his
indebtedness. It will carry jov and prosperity into
the mansions of want and sorrow. One man, pos
sessing, perhaps, a lew slaves, and a wasted tract
of land, tods hard through the year, to obtain a
scantv subsistence for his family. If the seasons
are adverse, even tliis he is unable to accomplish:
he is in constant danger of being stripped of his
little estate, to satisfy the claims of creditors. Ano
ther, who has no estate, by incessant labour as an
overseer or mechanic, by a life of constant sell-de
nial and hardship, by submitting to a depi ivation of
almost all the pleasures which gladden existence, is
barely able to keep his head above water, and to
procure the necessaries of life. Another, in conse
quence of misfortune, perhaps of imprudence, is
weighed down by debts which he is unable to pav;
has lost the equal rights of a freeman; and in the
land of liberty, isenduringa most humiliating bond
age. To such men, (and there are many such,) a
lottery of gold mines, is like the joyous return of
the year of jubilee to the ancient Jews; it carries to
the saddened heart, the hope of redemption from
poverty and degradation. Let one of these men
draw a gold mine, and the cloud of misfortune is
instahtly dispelled; and a cheering sun shines upon
the path, which leads him to independence, and
comfort, and wealth, and honors. Governor G !-
mer seems to believe, tliat such a change in his con
dition, would be his misfortune: that “prodigality
is the usual result of riches suddenly and easily ob
tained.” We should regard it, as a most joyful re
volution in the fortunes of a poor man, or of anv
man, who is possessed of only a small estate. By
this revolution, by this fortunate draw, his debts
are paid, Iris anxieties are banished, his independ
ence is established; comforts springup around him,
as if bv the power of magic; his wife, no longer
compelled to waste herstrengh, and to destrov her
constitution, in laborious drudgery, may now enjoy
the comforts and pleasures of life; his"children, no
longer doomed to grow up in ignorance, may now
receive the benefits of an enlarged education; and
the husband and the father, while he daily regales
his eyes, with the beautiful and splendid sight of
the precious*nineral, that he is extracting from the
bowels of the earth, has the solid satisfaction, of
seeing and feeling, that he is rapidly building up a
fortune for his family.
Such, under a lottery of the gold mines, is the
new-born happiness, that would enlighten the dwel
lings, and cheer the hearts, of a thousand families
in Georgia; a happiness not to be confined to any
one class of our people, but which will be scattered,
with a bountiful broad-cast, over the whole popula
tion!
The interests of the government should never be
separated from the interests of the citizen: and the
best mode of building up public institutions, is, first
to establish, on solid foundations, the prosperity of
the people.
But what is the policy recommended by Govern
or Gilmer? He would dry up, at the fountain, all
these abundant sources of individual prosperity; he
would not permit this flood of illimitable wealth, to
be poured into the laps of a happy people; this
glorious, golden stream must be emptied into the
vaults ot tlie State House; this noble river, whose
waters, if not confined, might spread life, and
glee, and happiness over the land, is, by a forced
channel, to be disembogued into theocean—Cen
tral Bank.
So great value is contained in a small space, that
the facility of concealment, and the richness of the
prize, hold out very strong temptations to embez
zlcment, in working the mines: and the most watch
ful private owner finds it almost impossible to pro
tect his golden wealth from incessant spoliations.
If the government should retain to itself, an extend
ed region, abounding in this precious metal, w*ho
can set bounds to the vast and endless embezzle
ments, that would follow? It would require an ar
my of overseers, and other salaried agents, to se
cure the State mines, and the extracted mineral,
from the hands of the plunderer. And who will
guaranty the integrity of all these overseers, and
* We do not entirely approve of the plan of dis
tribution that has been adopted; as we believe, that
*>me classes of persons are improperly excluded
from a draw.
other agents? Who 5s to watch them so closely,
to prevent fraud and embezzlement? The wealth,
which' would thus be slipped into tlie hands of a
portion of the people, would be the temptation ta
dishonesty, and the reward of its per pet i-lion.
According to an existing law of tlie State, all of
its superfluous wealth is to be poared into the Cen
tral Bank—and then mark! how -unequal would be
the distribution of those incalculable treasures, which
are the equal right, and the joint property, of all the
l -eople cfftlre State. From tlie regulations of the Cen*
tral Bank, from the very nature of banks, it rt suits,
that none can obtaiii loans, butthose who are able to
offer moneyed indorsers; and these regulations fur
ther require, that the borrower shall exhibit vai>
ous vouchers, from clerks and other officers, to shew
that he is a man of property. Exceptions will
sometimes be made, from favoritism, or from mis
take; but in general, he who is poor, and necessi
tous, and distressed, will in vain apply for a loan of
a small part of that wealth, of which he is, by right*
a part oicner. His rich neighbour may borrow from
this bank, at six per cent, to lend to him at twenty-
five per cent. When his property is exposed to
sale, under the hammer of the Sheriff, he may see .
it purchased- by his rich neighbour, with money
drawn from the'Central Bank—from that fund, to
which he has an equal rfoht, but in which he is afe
lowed no share, because ne is poor.
An ocean—Central Bank, filled to overflowing,
by a vast flood of gold from the mines, would cre^
ate a prodigious increase to the patronage of the
government. It would give to the governor, tlie
means of exercising, thro 5 bank directors appoint
ted by him, a corrupting and dangerous influence
in every county of the State. In hundreds, pes*
haps thousands of instances, it would enable the
governor and,his agents, to silence the opposition,
and to corftroul the votes, , of the debtors of the
bank, and those necessitous persons, whose distress-
es might be relieved by a timely loan. What a
field is hereby opened, for bribery, direct and indi
rect! Who can calculate the subserviency to power,
and political apostacy, which it would produce?
We are far from believing, that Gov. Gilmer waa
influenced by any other than patriotic motives, in
recommending that the gold mines should be reser
ved to the State: but his recommendation would
better become a prime minister of the debased, and
debasing despotism of Spain, than a chief magis>»
trate of republican Georgia: it is unfriendly to tlie •
private happiness of the people, and is repleto
with danger to their political liberties.
The Text of the Journal, and its After.-
thought.—It seems, that we have stimulated the
genius of our neighbours of the Journal: Tliat wc
have excited them to a defence, more plausible than
the impotent attempt, which we exposed in a pre
ceding number. But this shifting of the ground,
this new defence, appears to us, to be an after
thought. It will not bear examination; and it con
firms tlie charge which we made. In language
somewhat at variance with the delicacy and deco
rum, of which the Journal vaunts, it abuses us for
garbling and misrepresenting its statements. This
charge we meet with promptitude; for we despise
the low artifice, of misrepresenting an opponent:
and we shall never intentionally be guilty of the
fact. We fairly stated, what we sincerely believed
to be, the meaning of the Journal: we were great*
Iv surprized at the charge of misrepresentation:
.and after a careful re-exaraination of the Text, we
still conscientiously believe, that in our article refer
red to, we have given the plain, simple, and obvi?
ous import of its language.
As a parallel to tlie manner in which we have
quoted the Text of the Journal, our neighbours put
together two passages, taken from different parts
of the Bible, and on subjects having no connection
with each other. The passages are, “Judas went
and hanged himself—go thou, and do likewise.**
They say, that our mode of quoting the Text is, as
if, from that other passage, “the fool hath said fo
in his heart, there is no God,” we should expunge
the first member; and thus prove from the Scrip
tures, that there is no God. That our readers may
judge, whether we have garbled, or misrepresented
the Text, we now give it, entire.
]from the JOFRVAt.J
GOVERNOR^ ELECTION.
“At no time, since the independence of this count rf,
has the choice of public officers been of such importance.
•o the prosperity of Georgia, and will exercise such an in
fluence in the march of tlie government, Morover, in ‘lie
-•lioice of public officers, at the present crisis, are involv
ed the political principles which hav.* guided the govern
ment in the administration of public affairs, since the year
1799. It is evident that a struggle now exists between,
democratic and federal principles; between the consolida^
:on of the States, and the independence and sovereignty
f the States; between free governments, based off tho
genuine principles of democracy, and an aristocracy who
are"endeavouring to subvert the federal and Stare govern
ments, as they now exist, tliat they might establish one.
more energetic, and in which those at the h* ad .f it will
: 'e certain of holding power by another ta ■ t< hat- tbft
will of the p& pie. In this struggle, the wealthy, the of
fice-holders and office-hunters, the manufacturers, and the
priviled'gedclasses, are battling on one side, while the per*
pie—the hard working classes, on the other, are endea;
voring to preserve the public institutions of the country
from violation and even from total destruction. Is it"not
important that we should have public officers who will
go with the people in opposition to capitalists, manufac
turers, bank stock holders and office hunters? Is it not iraa
port ant that we should have men in public offices who
will “die in th* last diteff’ before they witness the trir
umph of princip’es which must subvert the government
of the country, and liberties of the people?
These remarks are applicable to the United States, and
to foe State of Georgia, at the present time. For these
thirty years past this Sta .e has been struggling for her
most essential rights with the federal government—By
the energy of those into whose hands the executive de
partment of the government was confided, and by tlio
proper measure adopted by the legislature, the State ha*
the prospect of having all her grievances redressed, ail
her rights acknowledged, and all her just demands upon
die federal government complied with and finally settled.
Is it not important to have at the head of our executive
department, a man who will bring to a happy issue thos*
desirable objects? Besides, the principles which a ma
jority of the people profess, have to oe- maintained in
their ascendency and pttrity. The principles of demoo*
racy, tlie principles which placed Jefferson, Madison,
Monroe, and Jackson, in the presidential chair, have to
be supported. And they will not be supported, if wo
choose for chief magistrate of die State, a man who may
be opposed to those principles; who does not acknowb
edge the independence and sovereignty of the Stated
Can we be triumphant in the struggle, if we choose a *
man for Governor, who believes in the constitutionality
of the tariff of 1828; who believes the power of internal
improvement by the federal government to have been ir»
cidentally granted by the federal constitution; and whe
believes that the Cherokees have certain sovereign rights
independent of the State of Georgia?
At this crisis we must have men at the head of our fed
eral ar.d State governments who, from the time they fust
entered a political life, have been consistent, undeviating,
firm, and rigid, in their principles—in their honesty, and
and in their attachment to the public institutions of the
country. No changeling will suit the times; no timid
politician can defend and maintain the rights of the State,
invaded, as they have been, by the federal government^
no political weathercock can be the ardent advocate or
the principles of’98; no friend of Mr. Calhoun, and id.
latitudinarian principles, can wage a successful wa»"
agai st the capitalists and manufacturers of the north, j
against the coalesced powers of Clay, Adams, Webster, 1
and Calhoun; aUd against the advocates of restriction*
and prohibition, scattered over all the States. And no
man who follows the track of Mr. Calhoun, and wishes
him to be President of the United States, instead of An
drew Jucksoti, is fit to be the Governor of a republican
State, and can contribute in rescuing the South front]
the oppression under which she is laboring at the preset?!
time. p f
These remarks, however desolutory they may be, fro©]
tbe textw* stag«t *•«* «N*]rs «y** to