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ISBY & REID, Proprietors.
The Family Journal.—News—Politics—Literature—Agriculture—Domestic Affairs
GEORGIA TELEGRAPH BUILDING.
UBLISHED 1826.}
MACON, FRIDAY, NOYEMBER 1-3, 1868.
VOL. XLII.—NO. 52,
suTff xrcAcmzurxis.
.son’s new invention—new motive
,«i:r—interesting letter from
•5JE INVENTOR.
, ;((<■/. 14) Correspondence London Times.'
Stockholm Aftonbladet gives pub-
jion to a letter from Ericsson, the
•known inventor of the caloric ma-
0) and, if I am not mistaken, origina-
f the monitor species of cuirossed
, in which a novel apparatus for the
k-nsation of the sun’s rays is referred
If it fulfills what Mr. Ericsson prom-
jj shall, the apparatus, by supplying
t <f force infinitely greater and cheaper
i can be obtained by steam, will rank
j).» tho most remarkable inventions
t made. Mr. Ericsson’s letter, which
jj like a fairy tale, is as follows:
.paring the last few years I have spent
v. jJ deal of time in experiments calcu-
to ascertain whether the sun’s rays
bo so condensed as to become a prac-
j means of producing a motive power.
John Her3chel’s and M. Pouillet’s
j-known experiments for calculating
.influence of the sun’s rays, however
grating, were yet of little use to me.
•erring as they do to low temperatures
jit'they merely show what quantity of
/eon lie melted, or of water heated,
»n a certain number of degrees below
•r, ;: point, by means oi the sun’s rays;
my inquiries were directed to
-restigation of the amount of heat
1 seed by the condensation of the rays,
iiheir concentration on a compara
bly small superfices. I have also en
ured to discover the best means of
.. ting this condensation, and construct-
three different machines, which I call
machines, for the creation of my new
tfve power. One of these is worked by
am, which is produced by condensation
ihe sun’s rays; the two others are set
motion by the expansive power of at-
-plieric air, heated by condensed rays.
A- iuy space will* 1 not permit me to
t-ribe these sun machines, and the ap-
atns I have constructed for the con
dition of the sun’s rays, and the de-
. ating and requisite degree of heat,
all confine my present remarks to the
:ivo power itself. From my experi-
i:.< I know that the temperature re-
.•ed for steam engines and caloric ma
les, the action of the sun on a sper-
• of ten feet square, assisted bv my
aratus,can evaporate 489 cubic inches
nterper hour. The importance of
tact can scarcely be over estimated,
roves the presence of an amount of
: sufficient to lift 35,000 pounds, at
site of a foot a minute, which is rath-
aorc than one-horse power. (100
a<ls Sweedish are equal to about 85
..'Is English.) As an indisputable
..f the capacity of the sun to produce
:..is itsult is perhaps of greater fin
ance than any other physical truth
lilting of practical demonstration. If
der that the mean distance from
enter of the sun to the superficies of
arth is 214.44 times greater than the
b of the sun, we easily find by squar
es figure that a single square foot of
sun’s superficies must heat 45,984
ire feet of our planet. In other
b, given equal superficies, the sun
• 45,984 times more heat than the
. receives. Coupling this with what
rone before, we may therefore con
ic that an area of ten square feet
:he sun’s disc is enough to work a
a engine of 45,984 horse power,
b, under ordinary circumstances,
’J require 100,000 pounds of (Swed-
coal per hour. This calculation, far
a over-estimating the amount of heat
rrated by the sun, falls far below the
i 'quantity. More than half the heat
during the passage of the rays
ugh the atmosphere and the condens-
apparatu3. Accordingly, the actual
utity of heat generated within the con-
4 area mentioned, is equal to that
•h would be produced by rather more
n 200,000 pounds of (Swedish) coal,
e human mind cannot conceive the in-
dry of a process of combustion repre-
•i by such an extraordinary con-
*?tion of coal; still less can it realize
N Hurt- and immense quantity of the
" ng material producing this effect.
: must be the sun’s fuel, when such
uormous heat is being perpetually
tained on the entire surface of a
the diameter of which is about
aJred times larger than the earth’s,
t has been said will prove that,
out any very extensive application
condensing apparatus, a force suf
fer practical purposes can be _ob-
Calculations which I have just
fleted have satisfied me that if the
rays, now wasting their strength on
uscroofs of Philadelphia were con-
i. they might be used to set 5000
engines, of twenty horse power
m motion. That the new force can
btained without occupying ground
other useful purposes, is one of its
table peculiarities. To give an in
is, let us suppose a Sweedish square
equal to 49 English) covered with
using apparatus and sun machines,
ae-hnlf the surface be occupied by
ngs, roads, etc., and we still have
10,000 square feet free for our pur-
two feet Swedish equal 0,593 meter.)
as my condensing apparatus
•emonstrated 100 square feet to be
jy sufficient for the production of
■se power, it follows that 64,800
engines of one hundred horse
each can be worked with
wvs thrown on a Sweedish
mile. Archimedes, having calcu-
the force of the lever, explained
■6 could move the earthfrom its po-
L I assert that by condensing the
•t the sun a force could be created
--ight arrest the earth in its course,
•avc scarcely begun to work the coal
of Europe, and already computa
ble being made in England when
*ill be exhausted. In a thousand
or so—a drop in the ocean of time
■fe will be no coal left in Europe,
; the sun be put in requisition,
the rays of the sun are often pre-
* from reaching us, but, with such a
jiuigazine whence fuel may be ob-
• without labor or transport, to draw
upon, experienced engineers will have no
difficulty in laying up a store against the
rainy day. A large portion of the earth’s
surface is, moreover, illuminated by an
over-clouded sun. The area over which
the sun-machine can work may, therefore,
be regarded as equally unlimited as the
amount of force that can be generated.
VESUVIUS.
ANOTHER ERUPTION DESCRIBED.
Kopies (Oct. 12) Cor. of the London Times.]
Another eruption of Vesuvius is a fait
accompli, and to quote the words of
one or our journals, the mountain, like
royality, is honored with a daily bulletin.
I call it another eruption; but, in truth,
Vesuvius has not been quiet since last
November, when it astonished visitors
and alarmed the inhabitants of th&imme
diate neighborhood by its brilliant dis
plays. The same cone which was then
in action has been more or less active
ever since; but it is only since the begin
ning of this month that evident signs were
observed of increasing action. The scien
tific apparatus on tne mountain about
October 1st, gave the first unmistakably
signs of what was coming. Then the
puffs of light steam or smoke grew into
columns of dark, black smoke—tongues
of lambent fire followed, just licking the
edges of the crater, accompanied by the
discharges of artillery and heavy showers
of red hot lava and ashes. Day after day
this activity increased, until on the night
of the 8th instant, after a slight shock,
the old cone was rent in two, and a deluge
of lava came rolling down to the foot of
the great cone, crossing at the point a new
patli which has been traced out for the
convenience of visitors. Since that the
course of the lava has increased in abund
ance and rapidity, and as the agitation
of the scientific instruments is increasing
also, there is every probability that the
exhibition will be as magnificent as it
was at the beginning of the year. _ The
wind, which has for some time been in the
southeast, bears the copius volumes of
smoke toward the northwest, sweeping
over the bay, just in front of Naples,
while the Cavallo, in the direction of the
Hermitage, presenting from a distance a
magnificent spectacle. Especially does it
so now, when clouds sweep wildly over the
sky, for stratum after stratum is lit up,
until the whole atmosphere appears to be
on fire. To add to the grandeur and so
lemnity of the scene, the detonations, or
rather “thunderings,” have been frequent
and loud, shaking the ground in the
neighborhood more or less severely.
From the commencement of the new
symptoms Professor Palmer has been in
residence at the Observatory, in order to
confirm the observations which he made
at the beginning of the year. You will
remember that one of these observations
led him to adopt the theory that volcanic
action is subject in a certain degree to
lunar influence. Of course, all to whom
an eruption is a novelty, have been rush
ing over to ascend the mountain; the
weather has, however, been most inaus
picious; and on several evenings travelers
have been driven back by the violence of
storms. As great crowds of visitors may
be expected, I repeat the expressions of a
hope that at Russia, and elsewhere on tha
line of route better accommodations and
greater facilities may be provided for
those who make the ascent. Horses are
often wanting, order and regularity al
most always. No one should he permit
ted to go up the mountain while in con
flagration, without a guide, and the tariff
of the guide should not only be regulated,
but enforced.
Wheat after Corn, and Wheat after
Wheat.
Jos. Wright, on his capital Fayette
farm, got forty-five bushels of wheat to
the acre thi3 season from his last year’s
corn field. The land was plowed and cul
tivated as soon as the com crop was cut
up and removed, the latter part of Sep
tember. The field had been heavily ma
nured for the corn crop in the winter.
His wheat grown on summer fallow was
more shrunken by the excessive hot
weather, and yielded only thirty bushels
to the acre. As the clover seed sown on
his wheat in the spring failed to make a
lasting stand, he manured and plowed up
the stubble, and sowed it to wheat again
early in September. On the 8th of Octo
ber it had made a very even, good stand,
and he was then preparing his corn field
by the side of his forty aicres of sown
wheat, to be sown with wheat on the 10th
of October. The com had been cut up,
and put it in large stocks on the sown
wheat adjoining. Although rather late,
such, is the fine condition of the soil, full
as it is of loluble plant food left by the
corn crop, that he anticipates as good a
crop from this last sowing as from the
wheat already up in the other par t of the
large field. I went through this com
before it was cut up*, it was probably the
largest crop grown i n this county, or
anywhere else, in so dry a season; it was
the sixteen to twenty round dent corn,
planted in drills four feet apart, and only
eight to nine apart in. the drill. I looked
in vain for a stalk without an ear, and
there were veiy few nubbins, and no suck
ers. As Mr. Wright keeps forty eov,- 3 to
make butter, and pigs enough to eat the
buttermilk, buys straw, and some mill-
Srnssels lace.
A story is told in connection with the
introduction of the manufacture of fine
lace into Brussels, which is pleasant in it
self, and carries with it a lesson worth
learning. A poor girl named Gertrude
was deeply attached to a young man,
whose wealth precluded all hopes of mar
riage. One night, as she sat weeping, a
lady entered her cottage, and, without
saying a word, placed in her lap a cush
ion, with its bobbins filled with thread.
The lady then, with perfect silence, showed
her how to work the bobbins, and how to
make all sorts of delicate patterns and
complicated stitches. As day-light ap
proached the maiden had learned the art,
and the mysterious visitor disappeared/
The maiden grew rich by her work, and
married the object of her love. Years
afterwards, while living in luxury, she was
startled by the mysterious lady entering
her house—this time not silent, but look
ing stern. She said “here you enjoy
peace and comfort, while without are
famine and trouble. I helped you; you
have not helped your neighbors. The
angels weep for you, and turn away their
faces.” So the next day Gertrude went
forth, with her cushion and her bobbin in
her hand, and going from cottage to cot
tage, she taught the art she had so mys
teriously learned, and comfort and plenty
came to all.
Removal of the National Capital.
One of the editors of the Washington
Star, lately traveling in the West, writes
from St. Louis as follows:
“People out here have a settled con
viction that the seat of government will
be removed here or hereabouts within the
next twenty years. They say that they
will have it, not to give importance to any
particular city or locality, but as an em
blem that the seat of empire is in the
Mississippi valley. The capital, they hold,
will come to them naturally and inevita
bly in the course of a few years. The
East is not growing; the West is gaining
power in Congress yearly, through the
formation of new States and new Congres
sional Districts. When all these vast
prairies .of the richest land are filled up
with the population they are capable of
supporting, the wealth and population of
the country will he so preponderant here
that the seat of government will necessa
rily gravitate to the point where it will
be in harmony with, and an exponent of
the national heart. This is the. Western
idea, and it is worth our while in Wash
ington to prepare to meet it by making
our city so cosy and agreeable as a place
of residence and resort that members
will be unwilling to leave it to seek quar
ters of doubtful healthiness on the hanks
of the muddy Mississippi. Washington,
with her equable climate and favorable
situation, has first-class advantages for
the permanent seat of government. The
work now to be done is to bring the city
up to the mark of equality witli its ad
vantages of position. But the subject is
too jirolific to be dealt with here.”
Immigration to South Carolina.—
The commissioner of immigration for the
State of South Carolina has just made a
report of the operations of his office to
Governor Orr. The commissioner says:
“The registries of lands now embrace
332,660 acres, in almost every district of
the State, for sale at reasonable rates, and
on favorable conditions; and nearly 6000
acres of good lands, in salubrious sections
of the State, have been registered to be
given as a free donation to actual settlers,
on reasonable conditions of improvement.”
Notwithstanding these offers, the laborers
do not respond, and several plans are
proposed to promote the interests of the
State, the principal of which are direct
communication with European ports,
proffers of cheap lands, and a multiplica
tion of industrial pursuits.
A clerical correspondent, writing
from Philadelphia, relates that not long
since, at the breaking ground for a rail
road in a certain town in the southwest, a
clergyman, being called upon to open the
proceedings witn prayer, took.from his
pocket a manuscript supplication, pre
pared for the occasion, which* he read.
A colored brother present, leaning upon
his shovel, noticing the movement, re
marked with a grin: “Golly 1 dat’s de
fust time dis darkey ever knew de Lord
written to on the subjeck of a railroad l”
Grant’s Reception of the News.
From the Itiw York Tribune.]
Gen. Grant went to E. B. Waeliburne to
get the returns. The first report was from
J.G. Blaine, “Maine pledged 30,000 majority,
and she kept her faith.'* The next was re
ceived from W.E. Chandler that New Hamp
shire had gone republican by 5,000 majority.
Friends of Grant came, anxious to hear the
news. Much sport was made by the General,
who had written out an estimate of the ma
jorities for either candidate in the different
States several days before.
The States first named gave exactly the
majorities he predicted, and the President
elect seemed more pleased at his sagacity
than nis success. The “Inevitable cigar” was
as indispensable as ever. Galena, which had
almost always been strongly democratic, and
had given McClellan one hundred and twenty,
was announced for Grant by nine.. When
Connecticut was certain for the Union, the
•whole room, Grant only excepted, applauded,
but soon the general was doomed to a disap
feed and oil-cake, hemate manure enough! P^j°y“® n ^j as |^tuMttel C but t the < old Bay State
to get maximum crops from every field. J wai ^ naounced a8 giving him 75,000. ma-
™ c- *■ joritj. As the evening wore away, the suc
cess of the Republicans in Pennsylvania,
Ohio and Indiana became sure.
At length word was brought that North
Carolina was loyal once more, the first South
ern State that had voted since 1861. The
room was crowded with Congressmen, judges,
town and country politicians, army officers,
reporters, all apparently more eager than the
man on whose account they were gathered,
While they compared the returns, and lin
gered to receire more, a dispatch arrived
from Petroleum Y. Nasby, who forwarded
his resignation as Postmaster, and announced
that he bad gone in the grocery business.
After this the torrent of news and congratu
lations was incessant.
Eighteen inches of snow now cover the
summit of ML Washington, N. H.
The com crop of Ohio, this year, is esti
mated at 141,006,000 bushels.
The entire surface of every plowed field
was so full of vegetable remains, so fria
ble and absorptive, that it brought to
mind the counterpart I had seen in the
new clearings of this region fifty years
ago. b. W.
A skeptical young collegian confront
ed an old Quaker with the statement that
he 9id not believe in the Bible. Said the
Quaker: “Does thee believe in France ?”
“Yes, for though I have not seen it, I
have seen others that have. Besides,
there is plenty of corroborative proof that
such a country does exist.” “Then thee
will not believe anything thee or others
have not seen ?” “No, to be sure I won’t.”
“Did thee ever see thy own brains?”
“No,” Ever see anybody that did?”
“No.” “Does thee believe thee has any?”
FROM TEXAS.
The Presidential Election. — No Use of
Groaning; — We etlll litre — Pine Cooks
these Southern Belles — Immigration,—
Why Texas does not Faster Grow—When
the Convention Sleets.
Richmond, Texas, Nov. 5,18G8.
As all your readers know, the people of
Texas were shut out from the elective fran ;
chise in tho Presidential election,' which has
come, and gone, and on this account felt more
than the usual interest which attaches to such
an election in the result, though that has
hardly been considered doubtful here foi the
last two or three weeks, the public mind be
ing pretty well convinced that Gen. Grac v , is
to be the next President •*. j\
Well, there is no use to sigh on the matter,
or to picture how much more hopeful the
prospects of the country would be und^r dif
ferent results. We must philosophically sub
mit to the inevitable; and while the North
ern people manage and manipulate the Gov
ernment and finances as they please, we mast
devote every energy of the soul and body to
the improvement of our material condition,
the building up of the waste places in the
land, and above all, the proper training and
culture of the morals and character of the
rising generation, and starting them in the
right direction to command success.
All these we have in our power. The re
sult of the election, has not wrested these
principles from us, .nor could any result of
that event have absolved U3 from the grave
duties which life imposes.
“There is life in tho old land yet,” and
we can nurse it into sound health and vig
orous strength, if we diet the patient proper
ly. Industry, economy and retrenchment are
the tonics to be administered to the patient,
and in a few years he will exhibit to the
world the arms and muscles of a giant, while
smiling approvingly on his attentive nurses
and dutiful children. While wo will only
be discharging our duty, our reward will be
certain, ample, munificent.
Possessing a country combining more ad
vantages than any other in the world of the
same scope, if the South does not in a few
years conquer success, her children will de
serve to be classed as an effete race, instead
of the descendants of tho chevaliers, as they
proudly claim to be. But in order to ac
complish anything worthy of our race and
country, there must be no minciDg of matters.
We must shake hantls with idle gentility,
and sweep or kick that simpering jade out of
our houses, and give her no resting place in
our land.
A homily is not exactly the province of a
correspondent, but the above thoughts came
so palpably in my way that I could not flank
them. We have certainly entered on a new
era, and some old foolish notions must be
abandoned. To be useful in some vocation,
must now be the only recognized mode of
preserving an unsullied escutcheon. A whole
some public opinion will very soon enforce
its own just decrees on tbis subject. If those
who have heretofore been held as recognized
leaders in giving tone and direction to public
opinion, fail to step in and occupy the new
field, others will do so, for under the new
order of things, there is a vacuum that must
and will be filled.
These reflections have been called up by
staying a night, not long since, with a gen
tleman whose family had been raised in the
lap of luxury. The supper was entirely pre
pared by his daughter, and the cake and tea
were such as one seldom partakes of. The
toast and biscuit, for breakfast, were certain
ly improved in delicacy and taste from hav
ing been manipulated by her graceful fingers,
at whose magic touch, the night previous,
the piano had yielded most delightful and
harmonious music. Let me set myself right.
I would not be misunderstood by the “lovely
dears” for anything in the world. Ido not
wish to be understood as inculcating the
idea that a lady must be a cook. What I
mean to say is, that to be able to prepare a
meal properly, when the cook takes it into
her head to seek other quarters, as was the
case in this household, need not, and does
not, detract from other accomplishments, or
intellectual culture, but is, in itself, an ad
ditional accomplishment, and a very high
one at that. One that deserves the highest
commendation.
The immigration to the State has not been
very heavy since tho war. Certaiuly not any
thing like one woula expect, considering the
great productiveness of the soil that so invi
tingly awaits the plough-Bhare, to yield its
rich return. The accession to the popnlation
of the cities has been immense. That of Gal
veston is six times greater than it was before
the war, while that of Houston is neariy quad
ruple. The cities of the interior exhibit a
heavy increase, though not in equal ratio
with those named.
Many things have tended to check the
growth of the State, among which may bo
mentioned the pecuniary inability of many
of those to reach it with their families, who
fully intended yet to make it their homes.
When these temporary causes are removed,
Texas will soon assume a healthy and rapid
growth. Her rich soil, and other advantages
which she possess*es, cannot long remain un
occupied. 1
When the State Convention again meets,
which it does in December, there is no doubt
but it will submit a Constitution more Radi
cal and repulsive in its features than has
been forced on any of the States. There is
no telling to what length the gratification of
spleen will carry men. The leading spirits
in the Convention were refugees during the
war. They think they have enemies to pun
ish. If they have not, they have old political
rivals to crush, and an exhibition of excess
ive loyalty will be a good excuse for aveng
ing many old scores. Some of them are very
bad men, largely imbued with the spirit of
Brownlow. Men could not be inoculated
with anything worse than that. If there ever
was a worse man than Brownlow history has
failed to hand his name to posterity.
The season bss been everything that could
be desired for gathering crops. In this part
of the State there has been ho frost yet.—
Snap beans, tomatoes and Irish potatoes, of
the Fall’s growth, are among the vegetable
delicacies we still enjoy.
In the wheat regions, the papers represent
a large crop as being sown. Last year but
little was pnt in the ground on account of
the grasshopper. Par Foia.
Life among ear Ancestors.
The customs, manners, literature, architec
ture, history, everything, in fine pertaining to
England, previous to the seventeenth century,
may be regarded as the common ancestral
property or all John Bull’s progeny, where-
ever scattered over the world. To a large
majority of oar readers, therefore, whatever
throws light upon the olden times of Great
Britain can.never cease to be of interest. The
October New England Farmer, noticing a
recent publication, “Our English Homes,”
extracts and comments as follows:
The whale was eaten by the Saxons; and
when men are lucky enough to get it, it ap
peared at table late in the fifteenth century.
In 1246 Henry HL directed the Sheriff of
London to purchase one hundred pieces of
whale for his table. "Whales found on the
coast were perquisites of loyalty; they were
cut up and sent to the Ring’s kitchen in carts.
Edward H. gave a reward of thirty shillings
to three mariners who caught a whale near
London bridge. Those found on the banks
of the Thames were claimed by the Lord
Mayor, and added to the civic feast. Pieces
of whale were often purchased in the thir
teenth century for the table of the Countess
of Leicester. England was often supplied
with this choice dainty by the fishermen of
Normandy, who made it an article of com
merce. The Normans had various, ways of
cooking it; sometimes it was roasted and
brought to the table on a spit; but the usual
way was to boil it and serve with peas.
Epicures looked out for a slice from the
tongue or the tail. The grampus or sea-wolf
was also highly esteemed; but of all the
blubber dainties the porpoise was deemed
the most savory. The Saxons called it sea-
swine, and the ecclesiastics of the middle ages
porco marino. PorpoiseB were purchased for
the table of Henry IH. in 1246.
In the reign of Henry H. the whole stock
of a carpenter’s tools was valued at one shil
ling, and consisted of a broad-axe, an adze, a
square and a spoke-Bbave 1 “There were very
few chimneys; the fire was laid to the wall,
and the smoke issued out at the roof or door,
or window, and the furniture and utensils
were of wood. The people slept on straw
pallets, with a log of wood for a pillow.”
Even as late as the time of Elizabeth, 1558,
it is stated that apologies were made to vis
itors if they could not be accommodated with
rooms provided with chimneys. They had
few glass windows, and when glass was in
troduced it was for a long time so scarce,
that when people went away, they would or
der the windows.taken out and laid up in
safety. 4 '
In’the 14th century, none but the cler
gy wore linen. The household furniture,
among the wealthy, consisted of an occa
sional, a brass pot, a brass cup, a gridiron
and a rug or two, and perhaps a towel. Of
chairs and tables we hear nothing. Even the
nobility sat upon the chests in which 1 they
kept their clothes. If a man, in seven years
after marriage,- could purchase a flock bed
and a sack of chaff to rest bis head upon, he
thought himself as well lodged as the lord of
the town. ,: -
In addition to this poverty of what seems
to us absolute necessities, the houses and the
people were exceedingly dirty. Erasmus, a
celebrated scholar of Holland, who visited
England, complains that “the nastiness of the
people was the cause of the frequent plagues
which destroyed themand be says their
floors are commonly of clay, strewed with
rushes, under which lie, unmolested a collec
tion of beer, grease, fragments, bones, spittle,
excrements of dogs and cats, and of every
thing that is nauseous.
Their tables were as miserably supplied as
their dwellings. They had little fresh meat,
but salted most of their cattle and swine in
November, npon which they mostly depend
ed through the winter. Very few vegetables
of any kind came upon their tables. It is
stated that in the early part of the reign of
Henry VIII not a cabbage,' turnip, carrot or
other edible root grew in England.
The average duration of human life was, at
that period, not one-half as long as that of
the present day. The constant use of salted
meat, and few or no vegetables, contributed
to the shortening of life, to say nothing of
the large number swept away by pestilence
and famine.
,‘Colored” Policemen In New Or*
leans. v ;
An intelligent mulatto, who, in days gone
by, had been employed as valet by a gentle
man of our acquaintance, but who more re
cently had become somewhat immersed in
politics, was appointed a Metropolitan po
liceman, and put on duty down amozfg the
cotton presses. His first experience of noc
turnal police duty was a memorable one, as
narrated by himself on the following day. He
appeared with a countenance elongated and
ghastly, at early morn, at his old employer’s
abode and said; “ I golly, Mr. A, got police
nuff for me last night”
“Why, Joe, what’s the matter f”
“Well, you see, Aft. A., I’se jest been ’pinted
a Metropolitan policeman yesterday, an’ dey
put me on de beat last night right off lust
ting.” • .
“ Whereabouts, Joe 1”
“ Down ’long Cbaptoolus street ’mong de
presses. I tell ye, but it’s dark an’ lonely
down thar. I got’long fust rate till about
’[even o’clock without mectia’nobody. But,
oh, golly! it was orful still thar, Mr. A., an’ I
made up my mind aforehand I wouldn’t ar
rest nobody, ’cos day say down dar it makes
a officer ’npopular in de neighborhood.”
“ No doubt it does—go on.”
“ Wall, sur, ’bout ’leven o’clock, as I was
walking in the shade of de walls, I see, all of
a sudden, a great big white man in his shirt
sleeves, stanclin’ widin a foot of me. I didn’t
say numn, an’ was ’spectfully movin’ away to
give him de banquette, ’cause he ’peered to
be a little tight, but he tukbold o’ my hand,
and I says, ‘yes, boss,'what’ll you have?’
Says he in a orful rough way, * come here,’,
and he pulled me to’ard him.”
“Wasn’t you a little scared, Joe!”
“Lord, Mr. A-i I jis let club and everything
drop, when de man pull me up close to him
and put his big arms aroun’ me, and put his
mouf to my ear (I smelt de whisky, too,) and
whispered, * Wouldn’t this be a d—n nice
chance to kill you ?’ I shook den, I kin tell
ye, and commenced to saymy prayers for true.
But all to onct, de man laffed, and let go o’
me, and gi’ me a kick, and went off”
“ Why didn’t you arrest him!”
“ ’Fore God, Mr. A., I’se so scared I scarce
ly kuowed what to do; but I finally come to
de ’elusion dat .de officer cm de next beat
would ’rest him, so I thought Fd let him go.”
Joe shortly afterward resigned his position,
and determined hereafter to cling closely to
the less perilous duties of a valet, or a coach
man.—2v. O. Crescent.
ft '
-.4':
‘" r - >
i-:' qi.r of
Fnglish capitalists b&ve $30,000,000 in
vested in Fast India railways.
The world’s annual crop of tobacco is es
timated at 432,400 tons.
Tlie Springfield Republican on the
Presidential Election.
The ablest and most fearless of all the
conservative Republican journals in the
Union is the Springfield Republican, pub
lished in the centre of Massachusetts, and a
living marvel how a paper of that stamp can
flourish amid such a crooked and untoward
generation. We append the Republican’s
view of the political situation just after the
Presidential polh were closed:
The result of the election'does not indi
cate a popular approval’ even of the general
policy of Congress. The election was carried
in spite of the policy. Had that simple issue
been presented, we very much fear every one
of the four middle States would have pro
nounced against it. The general policy of
Congress ought to have commanded the sup
port of the people on its own merits, despite
Its many defects of procedure; but there.is
great reason to believe that the people would
have been found wanting under the test, had
this been the issue presented.
It may seem crabbed and cross grained, in
the first reckonings over the victory, to thrust
forward such considerations. But it was
never of more importance that the true
meaning of tbe country should be under
stood. Congress may assemble in a few days
under the emergency created by the earnival
of crime at the South. At the lowest it will
meet in a few weeks. Upon its temper de
pends fbry much. Representatives have be
fore this shown a strange facility, or fatality,
in misapprehending the wishes of the peo
ple. They must not do so now. If they im
agine that the elections are a token of par
ticular admiration for them; if they think
they can begin again just where they left off
last April alarmed at the popular discontent
and the increasing danger of losing the elec
tion; if they allow themselves to be persuaded
that, now the campaign is over, it will do to
take the screws off the expenditures—they
make a great mistake.
It is not difficult to gather the sentiments
of the men who have turned the scale, this
time, in favor of the Republican party, and
who must be looked to hereafter to keep it
in power. In voting to sustnin the recon
struction acts, against the mad de3ign8 of the
reactionists, they have not decided against a
change of those acts, but quite the contrary.
They desire an immediate amelioration of
them in their most offensive features. The
disfranchisement of any class, or the exclusion
of any State, for acts done in tbe rebellion,
never wise, has grown to be simply stupid.
The limited disfranchisement imposed has
done harm and only barm. It has not assured
the control of a single State in the loyal hands.
It has lilted the disfranchised into undue and
unsafe importance and given them a title of re
spect amoDg their fellow citizens. Towards
tbe general government it has simply served
to annoy and exasperate all classes, and make
violence and negro intimidation seem some
thing like fair reprisal. Unqualified negro
suffrage is another feature that .will not
bear examination, and must eventually be
modified; but the circumstances of the situ
ation are so difficult and peculiar, that an
immediate change is not practicable. All
that can be done hereafter, all, indeed, that
is desirable to be done, is to introduce
throughout the country an educational test,
impartial with respect to color and sex, by
which the suffrage will be limited to persons
of some intelligence, whether black, white,
red or yellow.
But it is in matters of revenue and ex
penditure that the sense of the country is
most positive, and its resolution taken. It is
a difficult thing to get the country back
from the abnormal condition oi war to that
of peace. But somebody has got to do it—to
exhibit the courage and skill to return the
nation to a financial state, in which all will
not be as now, continual waste—in which the
distribution of wealth shall again become
fair and natural—and as a consequeuce, ex
travagance and wanton luxury will be re
buked and corrected. We cannot go on as
we are. The country is losing too fast, and
the poor are becoming too thoroughly im
poverished. Whether rightly or wrongly,
the people will accuse the party in power of
those evils, the causes of which they may not
see, but the effects of which they can most
bitterly feel. Mr. Seymour was right—the
financial issue iB to be pressed; and the Re
publican party must meet it with courage
and intelligence.
And it is also hard, hut yet something that
must be done, to get back from tbe extrava
gant notions of war expenditure, to tbe sim
ple and frugal habits of peace. The two ses
sions of Congress before the last were marked
by much wrongful special legislation; and the
spirit of robbery and corruption was bold,
shameless and arrogant. During tbe last ses
sion, this rather held up, in view of the re
spectability of the majority (rather than of
individual members) to the people at the
coming election. Now that it is past, there
is great danger of an iniquitous revival of the
two hundred millions in jobbing schemes put
over by the election, not to speak of new de
vices for bleeding the treasury and the people
at every vein. This cannot happen and the
Republican party remain in power. The
country was no more resolved that tbe estab
lished order at the Sonth should not be bro
ken up, than it is that retrenchment, general
and severe, shall be inaugurated at Washing
ton.
And not only is it necessary that every-
saving expenditure must be carefully and
honestly searched after;-and the party that
would keep in power most not only be honest
in seeking such, but must be pretty bright
about it and calculate to have good luck.
The Government has got to do as a man does
when be finds his expenses greater than bis
income justifies—do without a great many
things that are nice to have, and right rea
sonable in themselves, but which we cannot
afford. The country feels poor; the burden
of taxation presses severely on the people.
Our industries need rest and help. It is for
the Republican party to decide whether'it
will do this for the nation or give the job up
to other bands.
Our President is all that could be asked—
earnestly devoted to peace, thoroughly bent
on having a good administration, with a
great liking for honest men and an instinc
tive repugnance to disorder and unfaithful
ness in service. It rests with the Republican
majority in Congress, now happily reduced
below two-thirds, to say whether they will
follow Grant or be left behind. The country
is going ahead—those who want to keep up
must keep moving.
Lsr Scotland, recently a woman went to
register the birth of her child, and had to
answer, the usual questions. To the one—
“Were you present at the birth Y* the as
tonished woman answered, “I’m the
mither of the bairn.” But that is no an
swer to my question,” replied the regis
trar. “were you present at the birth?”
“ Yes of course,” she said, “I was there.”
The Australian colonies have 600,000
horses, 4,000,000 cattle, 38,000,000 sheep,
4,000,000 pigs and 2,500,000 acres of cultiva
ted land.
tins reacting-
ency of the foreign
What Cotton Planters WosaKk Make
by Direct Trade.
From-the Columbus Enquirer of Oct.
We have heretofore endeavored to indicate
tho great advantages, not only to cotton
planters individually, but also to the South-
as-a section of the Union, that would be de
rived from a direct trade between our Sooth-
era ports and Europe. The cotton quota
tions given in our dispatches of yesterday
noon, from Liverpool and New York respec
tively, enable us to present the pecuniary
advantages in the best practical manner.
It will be seen that while our middling
cottons are quoted in Liverpool at lid.,they,
are quoted in New York at only 25c.—the
Liverpool market having been improving for-
several days of this week, while no improve
ment is discernable in the New York mar
ket. It is evidently the purpose of the “bears”
of the latter to keep'" down the price as long
as they can, in the hope of the
upon the advancing tenden
markets.
Now let us compare tbe real values of
these quotations," and see the true difference.
When gold is worth 134 1-4, the value of
the greenback dollar is 75 cents. Tbe New
York quotation, then, is 18 3-4c. in gold.
To the Liverpool quotation of llcL(22c.) in
gold, wc must add tlie difference in exchange
between American specie funds and British
sterling. Tbis is usually S to 9* per cent.,
say 2c. to the pound of cotton. Thus we
have 24c. in American coin as the real price
in Liverpool ol our middling cotton yester
day, or 5 1 4c. in gold more than New York
price. The freight charge on cotton from.
New York to Liverpool by steamer, as quoted
by tbe New York Times of the 24th insL,
was 3-8d.—we will say, estimating as much
for insurance, that 1 l-2c. in gold pays the
entire cost of transportation between New
York and Liverpool. There we have a plain
showing of a loss to onr planters of 3 3.4c. in
gold (about 5c. in currency) on each pound
of cotton shipped to New York instead of
Liverpool.
We bear in mind that it takes a rather bet
ter description of cotton to rate as “ mid
dling” in New York than that so rated in
Liverpool. This makes the difference still
greater in favor of the latter market, but it is
so small that we take no account of it. It
would probably cover, the dray age.
It may be said that cotton would this week
have probably advanced a little in the New
York market (say one-half to one cent) in re
sponse to the Liverpopl market, but for the
fact that gold has "been declining. This is
only another argument in favor of direct trade
with Liverpool. Our great staple is too much
under the control of New York commercial
gamblers,too much affected by their swindling
operations for advancing or lowering the value
of tho currency of the country. The Southern
people, in their struggle to regain prosperity
need stabitity in the currency for which they
sell the only staple that brings them such
money. This they can secure, as well as much
better prices by extablishing a direct trade
with Europe; and they would also gain large
ly by a trade that would enable them to pur
chase in Europe at lower prices than at pres
ent, many commodities now bought in our
Northern States.
P. S. The above article was .written for
our paper of yesterday, but could not appear
then. By reference to later dispatches the
reader will see to what a small extent (if at
all) it has been affected by yesterday’s quota
tions.
Let us Encourage onr Labor.
The Richmond Whig mentions that a large •
and successful farmer from the south side qf
James river, in a late conversation, expressed
his concurrence in the views of that journal,
that the colored population constitute the
only resource of the South for labor at
present, and will probably be the chief re
liance in the future. , Whilst there is
room enough for white labor, and whilst
small farms, to those who may wish to gar
den or introduce new crops or new modes
of culture, may be made, very profitable,
large farms are considered essential to the
successful cultivation of tobacco and other
staples, and for this cultivation the reliance
must be upon the blacks. Whilst some of
these will not work, it is recommended that
those who are available “should be encour
aged, should have comfortable dwellings,
with five or ten acres of land for their fami
lies to cultivate, and with such other privi
leges as may tend to better their condition.
A kind and liberal and forbearing treatment-
of the negro, and an earnest effort to promote
his well being are dictated not more oy con
siderations of humanity than of sound policy
and self interest.”
These sentiments are of significance, com
ing from an ancient Virginia journal, whose
relations to, and understanding qf tbe land
holding interest of that State, it is to be pre
sumed, are snch as to enable it to speak on
tbis subject intelligently. The vast amount
of labor now in the South, and which has
been the product of generations, ought to be
considered a blessing, and may be made
sucb, both to ths South and to tbe coun
try, if it can be kept clear from the
disorganizing influences of political ag
itation. The practical direction which
Southern energies are taking upon this and
other kindred subjects are of happy augury.
While, of course, a free and self-governing
political- condition is of paramount impor
tance, yet if this section, in view of present
circumstances, shall place its chief reliance
upon the development of its own industrial
and physical resources, it may afford for the
present not to look to parties for aid, and
will eventually be in a position to dispense
favors instead of seeking them.—MaiL
Vices of Aimebcans.—A recent medical
writer states that tbe vices of tbe American
character may be briefly summed up as fol
lows : 1st An inordinate passion for riches.
2d. Overwork of mind and body in the pur
suit of business. 3d. Undue hurry and ex
citement in all tbe affairs of life. 4tb. In
temperance in eating, drinking and smoking.
5 th. A general disregard of the true laws of
life and health.
Principles before men, says your states
man; but that is reversing the order of
things. Were not men made before princi
ples ? Adam was six feet in his slippers be
fore he troubled himself with the shadow of
a principle, and tbe principal thing that
troubled him after that was a wife. In the
latter respect a great many men since resem
ble Adam.
It is stated that ninety-fire out of every
hundred instances of the bursting of a double-
barreled gun can be traced to defects in the
left baneL The reason is simply that the
right is most frequently used and reloaded,
perhaps ten times to the left one being dis
charged once. Every time tbe right barrel
is discharged, the gunpowder in the left is
pulverized more or less by the shock, and
tbe settling of the grains leaves a space be
tween the charge and the wadding. Hence,
when the left barrel is discharged it frequent
ly explodes. These accidents, it to asserted
can be avoided by sending the ramrod home,
with one or two smart blows into the non-
discharged barrel every time the other to re
loaded.
Waves that do not drown—the waves of
ladies’ handkerehtoto.
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