Newspaper Page Text
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The Greoi*o;ia ‘Weelcly Telegraph..
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THE TELEGRAPH.
MACON FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 17, 1869.
jfr.~ dmtin’i “Brag Acre” Again.
RESULTS OF DEEP CULTURE.
“Brag acres," so-called, are of consequence
chiefly as illustrating capacity of production and
the effect of differing modes of culture and dif
ferent fertilizers. In these aspects they are of
vast importance—as important as the research
es and experiments in the laboratories of sci
ence and axtistio' skill, are to the great busy
outside .world of practical mechanism. They
guide it to intelligent and practical processes
and conclusions. Let no man, therefore, sneer
at ‘‘brag acres,” for, properly considered, they
are the school of the cotton grower.
Onr readers are aware that the acre of Mr.
Gnstin, about one mile from this office, has been
cultivated in a peculiar manner; which, at onr
request, has been described by him in a letter
to the Telegraph, copied by almost everynews-
paper in the Southern country. This acre was
designed to display the benefits of deep plough*
ing and deep culture, as contrasted with the
popular plan of deep ploughing and shallow
culture, which has received the endorsement
perhaps of most of the eminent cotton planters
of Middle Georgia; but which Mr. G. contends
is opposed to all sound principles of natural
eoonomy in the sustentation of plants and the
xnostsuccessful and uniform production of crops.
“Deep cnlture," says the American Horticul
turist,” “ defies the fortuities of the seasons,”
and what we are about to relate will show that,
while the universal cotton crop of the South is
now burnt np and withering under a scorching
sun and excessive drought, the system of Mr.
Gnstin, as illustrated by this little patch, defies
both.
This patch, as the reader will remember, is
upon a little plateau with a gentle inclination,
npon a hill-side. ’ The land was an old red clay
field. It was ploughed as deeply as possible
with a large Brinley plongh, drawn by four
mules, and subsoiled in the furrow to as great
an additional depth as possible—in all, mellow
ed to the depth, say of eighteen or twenty
inches—broad-casted before and after the plough
ing with five hundred pounds, each time, of
ammonia ted superphosphate. Furrows six feet
apart checked off half the distance. Plants
thinned down to one. Stand a little defective.
Crop cultivated entirely with a horse-hoe and
“Mapes’ Subsoil Lifter,” to the full depth to
which it was originally ploughed and snbsoiled,
BO that up to the time when the spread of the
branches and lateral roots precluded the further
use of the subsoil lifter, the ground was so soft
and mellow that your foot would bo well nigh
buried in it
So much to refresh the memory of the reader,
and as preliminary to an account of a personal
inspection of this acre which we made yesterday.
"We found the crop as green and flourishing as it
was in July last when we first saw it It showed
not the slightest sign of disease or distress from
drought although it has never, since planting,
bad rain enough to penetrate the earth five
inches.
From top to bottom, except where broken by
the weight of fruit every plant was perfect It
is now making forms and blooms and bolls as
busily as ever, and there is no apparent distinc
tion of top, middle and bottom crop—for the
whole seems to be overburdened with large bolls
as well as forms and blossoms, and will, we have
not the slightest doubt go on in the vigorous
work of production, till the vitality of the plant
is destroyed by frost
But what still more strongly displays the effi
cacy of this mode of culture in protecting the
plant from the effects of long-continued drought
is the condition of tho limbs and portions of the
stalk broken down by the weight of fruit A
considerable proportion of the lowest branches
is split off from the main stalk, remaining at
tached to it only by a small portion of the wood
and bark on the lower side, and resting prone on
the earth. But these limbs aud their foliage and
fruit show no signs of distress, and are going on
with their work apparently just as well as ever.
Other stalks have been bent over like a coach
whip, as to their main' stem, by the weight of
fruit, and as the gravity of the bolls increased
have given way—broken as to the wood, say
two or more feet from the top, and remain hang
ing down almost perpendicularly, suspended by
the bark, in a more or less lacerated condition.
Now here was a situation in which, if any where,
the pendant top of the stalk and its fruit should
have been blasted by the hot sun and drought—
but we detected no difference in their condition
from that of the rest of the plant or of any other
plant in the patch.
"We examined the patch for dropped bolls and
forms and flowers, but saw none—not one. The
whole crop is in just as good and productive a
condition as it can be, and we hope every
planter or any other person who feels an in
terest in this great question of deep culture,
who has an opportunity to examine this little
crop, will not fail to do so.
It is a very pretty sight. The stalks are not
very high, but very stout—thickly branched and
Spreading about three feetbach side of the fur
row. The ground is well shaded—but owing to
imperfections in the stand not entirely so. It
has been picked twice, but the crop is hirdly
yet approached. The bolls are large, and all of
them five-lobed. The foliage is large and lnx-
urant, and we repeat, that, excepting the ma-
turer aspect which vegetation of all kinds as
sumes in the fall, this whole crop looks as vig
orous and flourishing as it did early in July.
Mr. G. has been eradicating some of these
stalks for information as to their subsurface
growth. He finds none with a very long tap
root. This is generally a little over two feet—
but tho lateral roots are surprising. Of these
he found one six feet threo inches in length,
which coursed down into the subsoil at a depth
of three feet and then struck for the surface
soil. These lateral roots shoot out innumerable
spongioles—each anned at the extremity with a
little horn shaped protuberance for extracting
sustenance andjmoisture from the soil.
The whole of this deeply pulverized soil has
become almost a net-work of these lateral roots
showing what provision bounteous nature makes
for the exhaustive tax upon the energies of the
cotton plantjfwhich is called upon to produce
wood, foliage, bud, flower and fruit of all stages
of development at one and the same time.
Starvation—innutrition is the'one all-embrac
ing source of disease in the cotton plant. When
rains are abundant and timely and the other
general conditions favorable, fair crops will be
made with indifferent culture.
But where rains fail and the earth, being pul
verized to little depth, is soon exhausted of its
moisture which is the only food-hearing medium
to the plant, and the little coating of loose, but
sun-dried and dusty soil is in no condition to
bring down from the atmosphere and up from
the subsoil their watery resources, both by
principles of condensation and capillary attrac
tion, starvation comes and with it all manner of
casualties and disease.
A great depth of well pulverized and disinte
grated soil, on the contrary, permits the roots to
•hoot out freely and boldly in quest of nutri
ment. The growth underneath is reflected and
counterbalanced by the development above. The
ground soon becomes shaded and kept cool by
luxuriant foliage, and thus a well prepared soil
is, in its own turn, protected by the crop to
which it affords ample nutrition and support.
On the ether hand, suppose the season should
be toaveS—then ttea dssy outturn4s nmfl) ef
ficacious in protecting the plant from an excess
of moistnre, and the land from injurious wasta-
ing, by vastly increasing the absorbent power of
the soil.
We have protracted these remarks to an unde
signed length; but, surely, there can be no
more important material topic for Georgia than
the best method of cultitating cotton. A system
which holds the crop in its highest productive
condition through such a drought as this—a
drought which has utterly destroyed the pro
ductive vigor of the great bulk of the crop in
Georgia, Alabama and Florida—cannot be a
matter of indifference to the people.
The Orphan Asylnm.
We are informed by the President of the
Board of Trustees, that there are fourteen op-
phans of the male sex at the Asylum now nearly
naked—winter approaching and no funds in
to clothe them. The President has ad
vanced 31400—out of his private funds to carry
the establishment through the summer and does
not feel that he can go any further. There is
any amount of second hand clothing which
would make these orphan lads comfortable,
but nobody will take time or pains to collect and
send it in. Now, ladies and gentleman, be kind
enough to delay no longer; but, as you are
overwhelming the wardrobes of your children
for winter send the “out grown clothing” to Mr.
E. J. Johnston, the Treasurer of the Board.—
Let us wake up to the necessities of these
“wards of the city.” A very small per capitum
contribution of money or goods will make them
comfortable.
Kegotlntions between tire United
States and Spain Touching Cuba.
The New York Commercial Advertiser of
Monday evening, gives an outline of the nego
tiations which have taken place between the
Governments of the United States and Spain, in
relation to peace with Cuba aud the independ
ence of that island. The Advertiser says:
General Sickles submitted our propositions.
Tho first required Spain to recognize the inde
pendence of Cuba. The second required the
Cubans to pay Spain for forts, custom houses,
and other public property, the sum not more
than S100,000,000. The third abolished slavery
in Cuba. The fourth guaranteed the faith of
the United States for the fulfillmentof tho agree
ment by both parties. Some two weeks ago,
Mr. Fish received a reply to these propositions,
in which Spain proposed a new basis of settle
ment, as follows:
First—The Cubans to lay down their arms.
Second—Spain to grant a general amnesty to
the insurgents.
Hard—Cuba to pay Spain for all the Spanish
property on tho island, and for all tho property
of loyal Spaniards destroyed by the Insurgents.
Fourth—Suffrage to be granted to all the
population of the island, so that the people may
have an opportunity to decide whether they
will remain with Spain, or whether they prefer
to be separate and independent.
Fifth—Spain will guarantee full protection to
such of the Insurgents as may be selected to
come through the lines of the Spanish army,
for the purpose of treating with the represen
tatives of the Spanish Government for a settle
ment on the basis of these propositions.
Sixth—The United States to guarantee to
Spain the payment of Cuba’s proportion of the
public debt.
Mr. Fish replied, expressing the pleasure of
this Government that Spain had recognized its
offer of mediation, and trusting that Spain
would accept the propositions already made. Ho
made no allusion to the substitute sent by Spain
—a substitute Cuba will not aceept, as her rep
resentatives prefer the first basis. Mr. Fish is
hopeful of the acceptance of his proposition;
but as the Spaniards have not beenkept advised
of tne negotiations so far conducted, Serrano
may not care to reveal the situation until after
the Cortes acts upon the question of the choice
of a King.
Another 6how of energy is made in the an
nouncement we have to-day that ten thousand
more troops are to sail to Cuba, four thousand
this week and six thousand soon after. Efforts
are making to induce volunteering in Havana.
The Cuban revolution has now been eleven
months in progress, and though tbe Spanish
people have been assured that it is insignificant,
it still oontinnes to be the great peril of Spain.
It draws severely upon her treasury and npon
her army. It is wasting the very life of Cuba,
but from the tenacity and obstinacy of the re
bellion, it is evident that Spain must give up all
hopes of suppressing it. It grows stronger and
more confident every day, while Spain grows
weaker and less potent to wage decisive war
npon it. That Cuba must be free is written in
the book of destiny, and if her own arms do not
fully accomplish that event, the sympathy of
other nations will do it for her.
teleo-raph:.
From Washington.
Wabhisotox, September 9.—Business is suspend
ed and schools dismissed. Three was a fine military
display.
A careful estimate of the number of men in Avon
dale mine is one hundred and fifty. At last accounts
ninety bodies had been recovered.
Porter, Hoax and Grant leave northward to-night.
The flags of Cuaton-houses, throughout the coun
try, have been ordered at half mast on Saturday in
honor of Fessenden’s funeral.
Cox is absent with a sick child. Boutweli is ab
sent. The remainder of the Cabinet is present and
dined with Fish to-day.
Tho Treasury Department reasserts that there
has keen no meeting aboard the Sabine.
Information has been received that a small body of
Cnban expeditionists are detained at Macon, Ga.
A Disastrous Gale.
Pbovidexce, September 9.—A galo laBt night
prostrated the telegraph wires connecting with the
cables. The gale was the most severe one since
1815. The damage is immense throughout the
State. Several lives lost. Nearly all the steeples
are damaged and one demolished. Probably one
hundred buildings were unroofed. Many vessels
aro ashore. The sloop Itesolution went to pieces
in Wickford harbor—two lives were lost. The
papers contain four or five columns of tho details of
wrecks and disasters.
The festival of Juggernaut, says the Express,
has come to naught in Hindostan. The natives
now laugh at it. * ‘While they discard the horri
ble car, we are building one up for ourselves
that will immolate more victims than ever that
did. It is the Juggernaut of concentrated
wealth—the Juggernaut of capital absorbed into
an immense idol by a few. Its ponderous wheels
already roll and creak, and approach thousands
of prostrate beings whom they will crush unless
the car is overthrown.
Loxgstbeet.—This reconstructed General has
written a letter in which he alludes to the esti
mate in which he is -held by old friends. He
says that the good of the country is what he had
at heart, and claims that while he is politically
dammed, Virginia is commended for adopting
the very class of ideas and the very line of ac
tion which he two years ago saw and stated
was in the way of the inexorable logio of events.
California.—Agitation is commencing in Cal
ifornia to present the land question to Congress,
in order to have the legislation which is required
to be done to utilize tbe public lands of tbe Pa
cific coast and give actual settlers, small culti
vators, pre-emptors, and homestead claimants
an equal opportunity here with that afforded the
same class in the Western States.
Brigham Youxg states that “the Lord allows
people to lie for a good cause.” It appears to
us when reading reports of Ku-klux outrages in
the Sonth, many of the Radical papers are under
the impression that their prerogatives are still
greater and the Lord allows them to lie for any
cause. ’
Destructiox xx Morals are some times very
nice and impalpable. For example: Bonner
won’t race or bet, but he has offered one hun-
dsed thousand dollars for any horse that can
beat Dexter.
Melancholy.—Seven young men were cap
sized in a yatch and drowner^in the Narrows,
New York, last Sunday.
From Pike.—The Bamesville Gazette of yes
terday, has the following upon the crops, weath
er, etc.:
We noticed lost week, as we passed over a
portion of Monroe and Pike counties, the cot
ton fields were as white as is usual in November
and December. All tbe cotton raised in this
section will be ready for market by the middle
of October. Pea crops are nearly a total fail are.
The weather for the past week has been cloudy
with occasional mists, but no rain of any con
sequence. The thermometer has not varied
much from 78 to 80 during the entire week.
Dismal Swamp Burxixo.—This great swamp
is still burning, and the smoke from it fills the
whole atmosphere for miles ground. Saturday
the delightful breeze which was blowing from
the direction of the fire was laden •with a heavy
vapor which almost obstructed the sun. In the
afternoon we saw a gentleman from Deep creek
who says the smoke there is almost intolerable.
Tbe same gentleman tells ns that the fire is
sweeping the swamp and burning the deep col
lection of debris upon its surface.—Norfolk
Virginian.
“The blessed man that preached for us last
Sunday,” said Mrs. Partington, “served the
Lord for thirty years—first as a oircas rider,
then as S locust preacher, and last ns an ex-
From Virginia.
Richmond, September 9.—General Canby issued
a proclamation of election this morning. Gilbert
C. Walker is to be installed Provisional Governor
on the 21st inst.; and John F. Lewis Provisional
Governor on October 5th. The Legislature is called
together October 5th. The following Wells’ Con
gressmen are proclaimed elected: Ayer, Platte and
Porter, and the following Walker Congressmen:
Seagar for the State at large, Booker. Itidgeway,
McKenzie, Milner and Gibson.
From Cuba.
Havaxa, September 9.—The Captain-General has
issued a decree declaring salt and medicines contra
band of war, and prohibiting their transportation into
the interior without permits describing the contents
and giving the destination of all packages.
Sugar closed firm and unchanged. Operations
limited, owing to tho scarcity of classes demanded
for shipments.
Steamers Yazoo, from New Orleans, and Missouri,
from New York, have arrived.
Vermont Election.
Mostpeueb, September 9.—The election was un
usually quiet. The vote is emalL Republican ma
jority 20,000. Tho Senate is unanimously Republi
can. The Democrats have four members in the
House.
General News.
Sax Francisco, September 9.—Koopmanechop
left to-day for a tour through the Southern States
preliminary to his departure for China to procure
cotton laborers.
New York, September 9 Tho Sun’s Washington
special says it has leaked out that the Sabine muti
ny is true but tho report of executions is false. The
Sabine has been ordered home to account for this
mutiny. Three witnesses, sent by another vessel,
have arrived in Boston. None but sailors were en
gaged in the conspiracy. Tbe trial is to take place
at the Brooklyn Navy Yard after tho arrival of the
Sabine.
Zaxesyille, September 9.—A train coming from
the West collided with an extra engine, one killed
and two fatally wounded.
Avaxdall, Pa., September 9.—Experienced mi
ners have explored every part of the mine, but it is
said two bodies are still missing. The number of
bodies recovered is one hundred and eight.
Sx. Louis, September 9.—Tho main shaft of tho
WarreDtown Coal Mine has been burned. Fifteen
men escaped more or less hurt—one fatally.
Foreign News.
Montreal, September 9.—An interesting case,
involving mnch property, has been decided by tho
Supreme Court The Court decides that a marriago
with an Indian woman is legal and legitimates
her children. The children of a subsequent white
wife are illegitimate. Leave was given to the de-)
fendants to appeal to England.
Halifax, September 9.—The steamer Hornet has
been released. It is still believed that the Hornet
is destined for Cuba, and will receive men and arms
at sea.
Tbe Fortunes ol Brunswick.
The New York Tribune of the 6th inst. makeB
this handsome mention of Brunswick:
A CITY BY TUB SEA.
The Atlantic and Gulf coast of tho United
States, from Hampton Road3 southward, is re
markably destitute of good harbors. Those of
Wilmington, Charleston, and Savannah, are
well inland, and scarcely one on either side of
the Floridian Peninsnla has adequate depth of
water at its mouth to admit a great sea-going
steamer or man-of-war. The best of them is
that of Brunswick, near the southern bound
ary of Georgia, formed by two islets near tho
coast, with an inlet between them having six
teen feet water at low and twenty-throe feet at
high tide. Inside, there is a depth of sixty feet,
with twenty-five feet at the wharves. No river
emptying into this harbor, it is salt ns the ocean
and free from the decaying vegetation which
is apt to breed malaria in Southern estuaries:
hence, the yellow fever has never been known
here. Pure, sweet water is obtained in abnn-
dance by digging through a thin stratum of
hard-pan into one of fine sand which underlies
this entire region. A fresh sea-breeze in Sum
mer seldom allows the mercury to rise above 94
degrees; while the winter temperature rarely
falls below 30 degrees, which suffices for a frost,
but not for a freeze. Gen. Oglethorpe, the
eminent founder of Georgia, while ruling the
colonies of Georgia and Sonth Carolina, desig
nated this as the only harbor on the Sonthem
seaboard fit for a naval depot; and his judg
ment, nearly a century after it was pronounced,
was ratified by our own Government, upon the
report of a board of its naval officers.
Yet Brunswick bas remained a mere village to
this date, because no river brought the produce
of the interior to her wharves, while a wide belt
of pine timber separated her from the populous
cotton-growing region one hnndred miles above
her. Add to this, a railroad running south
westerly from Savannah to Thomasville, pass
ing bnt 40 miles inland from Brunswick, and
sweeping to Savannah the trade of south-west
ern Georgia. Thus Brunswick has remained in
its shell to this hour.
But an important. change is at hand. By the
close of November, the Macon and Brnnswiok
Railroad will be completed, connecting the
latter city a direct line with Macon, Atlanta,
Chattanooga and tbe Great West, while a cross-
line by Columbns (Georgia) connects this with
the line through Montgomery, Selma, Meridian
and Jackson, to the Mississippi, at Vicksburg.
But, in addition to this northwesternly out
look, Brunswick has another line of railroad
in progress nearly due West through Albany
andEufaula (Ala.) to intersect the aforesaid
at Montgomery, meeting there or at Selma a
new norm-west line thenoe to Memphis. By
these roads, she will be rendered the most
convenient and accessible Atlantic port to a
vast and fertile cotton-growing area, whence
her receipts will be counted by the hun
dreds of thousands of bales; and her har
bor be crowded with vessels loading with cotton
as it already begins to be with vessels shipping
timber to various foreign and domestic ports on
either coast of the Atlantic. Ten years hence,
Brunswick will be among the foremost of Sonth
em seaports, with her lines of steamers to New
York, Havana and Liverpool, with a prospect
of growth and greatness whereof Baltimore af
fords the most striking premonition.
From Washington Counts'.—The Sandersville
Georgian has the following:
Cotton.—About twenty-five bales of new cot
ton sold in Sandersville last week at prices rang
ing from 29 to 30 cents. We quote good mid
dling at 30 cents.
Fire.—The smokehouse of Mr. John H. Pitt
man was destroyed by fire Tuesday morning at
about 3 o’clock. Origin of the tire unknown;
probably the work of an incendiary.
A sensible contemporary says: “The women
ought to make a pledge not to kiss a man who
uses tobacco, ana it would soon break np the
practice.” A friend of ours says “they ought
also to pledge themselves to kiss every man who
don’t use it-—and we go for that too.
How should the limbs of ths law be clothed
—in breaches of promise.
Chinese Astrologers in California.
Astrology still finds believers among the Chi
nese, and there are sages in San Francisco who
practice their trade with success. A writer in
the Overland Monthly says:
Having oocasion, not long since, to stepinto
the cellar of one of the Chinese stores on Com
mercial street, we found there a man busy with
his pen, and quite absorbed in calculations of
some kind or other. It was a store room for
goods, and there was little space left when half
a dozen people had croweded inmoreover, the
light in the apartment was very dim. Bnt what
kinds, , , , . ,
and some in red. There are squares, and cir.
: oblique
nor trigonometry, nor conic sections. Un a
shelf within reach are piles of books, and all of
them evidently treatises upon the subject of
thin man’s art, whatever that art may be.
We examine the sheet upon which he is en
gaged, and we find a strange mixture of charac
ters and signs. We find the names of certain
stars and constellations, in combination with the
ten heavenly stems and the twelve earthly
branches, which are the characters—being com
bined in pairs—that form the terms by which
the respective sixty years of the cyclo are named.
We see also the characters which designate the
hours of the day and night, also the five ele
ments, asmetals, wood, water, fire and earth. The
characters forming the names for the years of
the cycle represent, some of them, the male,
and some the female principle of tho dual pow
ers. On the sheet before us these differentsets
of characters are arranged in many different
combinations, and occupying various positions.
Alongside<ofjSomSV>f the characters we notice a
red mark, and we learn that these are the lucky
signs, while others are unlucky. We now satisfy
ourselves by inquiry—of what we suspected from
the first—that this man is a fortune-teller; and
upon farther examination, wo gather that the
principal element in his system is astrology.
We borrow one set of his books; though but
littlejlight'is to be obtained from the books alone.
To understand them one needs a teacher, and
that teacher should be the fortune-teller him
self, who has spent a life-time in the study of
this subject. In China, fortune-tellers—the
blind ones especially—have boys apprenticed
to them, who lead them about and observe how
their masters manage different cases, and, when
they aro at home, tho master by degrees lets his
pnpil into the mysteries of his profession.—
Therefore, it conld not be presnmed that thoso
learned in the art would gratuitously impart to
others the knowledge which cost them so mnch
pains to acquire, and by which they obtain their
support. Very many books have been written
on this subject; “more than a donkey can car
ry,” as the people are accustomed to say. These
books which we borrow were written, as the
e asserts, by one Chin Hi, about nine
hnndred years ago, with additions by subse
quent authors.
We ascertain that onr astrologer is “working
up” the fortunes of his customers. They have
ven him certain data, snch as the year, month,
ry and hour in which they were bom; and in
the hands of this astrologer these few facts seem
to be sufficient. Like the “nervous centre” of the
human system, they appear to be the centre or
source out of which grows a diagram, and other
diagrams grow out of that, and these diagrams
swell into a chart, which continues to expand
until we have a hook of many pages. The
book, however, will be large or small, according
to the pay which the astrologer is to receive.
This astrologer in the Commercial street cel
lar appears to be well patronized, for wo find
him busy at his diagrams every day from morn
ing till night; and he constantly has on hand a
variety of subjects whose fortunes he is working
np.
People who frequently pass up and down
Jackson street will encounter a very tall, lean
and somewhat stooping Chinaman, with a long
grizzly beard, a pipe in one hand, a quick, nerv
ous step, aud a rather sinister look from his
flashing little eyes. Ho is also an astrologer,
but he better understands how to keep his arts
and himself wrapped np in mystery than his
brother professor of whom we have spoken. Ho
locks himself within his room, and when called
comes and merely puts a portion of his grizzly
head out at the partly opened door. If the
caller is on legitimate business he may come
into the little ante-room: bnt the arcana of the
inner sanctum few are allowed to inspect,
although we once visited him at his rooms,
when he was following his profession at Marys
ville. He evidently spends many hours of every
twenty-four in sweet communion with his pre
cious opium pipe, aud often may his spectral
form be seen darting in or out of the gambling
houses.
Deatb of Secretary Rawlins.
Washington, September 6, 1869,
The death of Gen. Rawlins, Secretary of War,
occurred this afternoon, one hour before the
President reached here. The deceased ex
pressed great desire yesterday and to-day to see
his old companion and closest friend, and won
dered why the President did not hasten io his
side. Gen. Sherman met the President at the
depot, having just come from the death-bed
of the Secretary. He drove the President to
the residence of Gen. Rawlins.
GRANT sidch affected.
Grant was much affected when he saw the re
mains, but sat down at once and wrote a tele
gram of condolence to Mrs. Rawlins, who is ill
in Connecticut. The Secretary failed all day,
but was conscious to within fifteen minutes of
dissolution. At times he suffered from suffo
cation caused by internal hemorrhage. His last
words were “raise me up.” During the day he
expressed a desire to live only for his family,
and for the special education of his two boys.
The latter, however, he gave over to the officers
of the Society of the Old Army of the Tennes
see, who requested of him during the day that
they might adopt them.
THE REMAINS.
President Grant is sitting np with tho remains
to-night. To-morrow they will be removed to
the War Department, from which place the
funeral will take place at a future day.
THE DISEASE
of which Gen. Rawlins died was bronght on by
a cold contracted in tho army in 1863. He had
boon much better during tho last six months,
and was rapidly improving on a diet of raw
meat and eggs, but he unfortunately, last week,
changed his diet, at n tea-party, to a rich meal,
which, with over-exertion, bronght on hemor-
rhRges, from which he gradually sank into
death. , ■
Singular Discovery in the Bax of Bengal.—
Among the vessels lostinthe memorable cyclone
that swept over the Bay of Bengal in 1867 were
the steamer Thunder and tho ship Morayshire.
Search was professed to be made for these and
other missing vessels among the Soonderbnns,
but no trace of them was discovered, and it was
taken for granted that both had. gone down at
sea. The other day a party pf fishermen, driven
for shelter into an out-of-the-way creek, some
four miles inland, stumbled upon the hull of a
ship, which proved to be tho Morayshire, and
further in found a large steamer, with masts
and fonnols still standing, which answered to
the description of the Thunder. Tho steamer
had £165,000 on board, which is doubtless yet
in her bullion hold. Painful speculations are,
of course, called np as to the fate of her crew
and passengers. What that fate was may never
bo discovered. It is conjectured that they
conld not have lived long, even if they survived
the cyclone, as the place is malarious in the ox-
treme, and infested with tigors. What is, per
haps, the strangest, is that these vessels have
been lying hero two years within a few miles
of tho mouth of the Hoogley.
The EunorEAN Armies. — The armies of
Europe, according to the estimates of a French
collector of statistics, aro composed of 2,557,528
soldiers in active service and 67i,S93'drflIed re
serves. They are distributed among the sev
eral nations as follows: North Germany, 421,-
528 active soldiers, 298,113 reserves, 95,000 re
serves of the second band. Austria, 540,000,
of whom 240,000 are Hungarians; she bas no
reserves. Russia, 800,000 drilled soldiers; no
reserves. Italy, 896,OpO active soldiers; 173,250
drilled reserves,. France, 400,000 effectives,
200,000 reserves; its projected army will con
sist of 400,000 effectives, 400,000 reserves, 400,-
000 militia capable of garrison duty. In Prus
sia tbe whole able-bodied population, in France
five-eights of the same class have reoeived.mili
tary instruction. It is calculated that the high
est number of able-bodied soldiers between 20
and 40 which any State can yield is 10 per cent,
of its total census. The highest number ever
yielded bas been but five per cent,, or but half
the .maximum. . •
Han Henglishman's hobservation : “Hinthe
morning, you know, I went to the barber; 'e
clips my 'air, and then, you see, hin the heve-
ning I went to the top hof my ’ouse and saw the
qsoan heclipae the sun. , ‘W
How to Promote Sleep.
From Good Health.]
In order to promote sleep in cases where it is
wanting, it is, of oourse, in the first, place, nec
essary to remove' every exciting cause of -wake
fulness. It is generally essential to give up the
use of tea and coffee, and, as has been said, it
is sometimes necessary to leave off stimulants.
The person should take care that he does not
go to bed either with cold feet or with a Btomach
that has been long empty. —— - ,
Many devices for inducing somnolence have
been practiced with more or less success; one
of these is combing the hair, which has a very
soothing effect on some persons. Another is to
have the feet gently shampooed. Walking about
the bedroom in one’s night dress, so as to get
what Dr. Franklin called;an air bath, is a good
plan, and the cold water bath just before retir
ing to rest, by virtue of its stimulating action,
is often successful. In more refractory cases
the warm bath may be tried—it acts by with
drawing the blood from the brain. On tho.same
principle, the upright position, by favoring the
retnrn of blood from the head, is sometimes
useful. It is, indeed, no uncommon thing to
meet people who sleep with great facility when
sitting in a chair or in a carnage, bnt who sleep
with difficulty when lying down in bed.
The best bed to sleep upon is a hair mattress,
and the worst of all is that made of feathers.
Many people are so susceptible that they are
unable to sleep in a strange bed. A pillow filled
with hops, the emanations from which are nar
cotic, has been sometimes nsed with success to
induce sleep.
People, as a rale, go to sleep most easily when
lying on the right side. Proper ventilation of
the bed-room is indispensable for sound sleep
and for health.
Sufficient out-door exercise should, in every
instance, be taken, and those who are strong
enough, should carry it to a sense of fatigue.
In the Satires of Horace, to swim three times
across the Tiber i3 recommended as a means of
procuring deep repose.
More Facts as to the Sonth.
The New Orleans Picayune of the 5th inst.,
Bays:
The crop of 1865 and 1866 is estimated at
800,000 bales; for 1866 and 1867 at 1,951,888;
for 1867 and 1868 at 2,430,833, and for 186S and
1869 at 2,450,000. While such are the estimates
of the cotton crops, New Orleans has been stead
ily gaining in the receipts of the staples of the
Sonth, the increase of the past year, in cotton,
being thirty per cent., and in sugar eighty per
cent. In other articles, such as tobacco, rice,
rosin, floor, wheat, etc., there has been an in
crease in production, and an increase in the
shipments from this place.
The value of the exports from the Southern
States will present, in the most striking light,
the rapid increase in the Sonthem productions.
The population of the Southern States is esti
mated at 9,568,700—all other States at 24,916,-
165; tho value of exports of Southern produc
tions is §328,406,757—the value of the exports
of all other States is 3243,002,243.
These figures, obtained from official sources,
prove that the exchangeable products of the
South were as 334.52 per capita, and of the
other States, only 39.76. Only the twenty-
eighth of the total population contributed quite
70 per cent, of the total exports, and all the
other States with 72 per cent, of the whole pop
ulation, exported only about 30 per cent.
The Alabama Cotton Crop.
A Marion correspondent of the Mobile Regis
ter, writing the 2d instant, says:
Three weeks ago the planters of this section
were full of hope, the crop promised all that
could bo asked. Some apprehensions were felt
about the worms, and worms were to be found
in many localities, but their efforts seemed so
feeble that we lost much of onr fears. But to
day wo do not and need not apprehend mnch
damage from them. All the damage has been
done that the worm conld possibly do and more
too. The uplands have been literally dried np
by the hot weather. Yon see hnndreds of acres
everywhere with not a green leaf on it, and the
cotton already made, opening prematurely; and
what I see from the newspapers, this damage is
extended over most of the uplands in the cotton
region, and I presume it has, for the same
“heated term” has prevailed all over the Sonth.
The cotton plant needs sunshine, bnt it can’t
stand the intense heat we have had forfonr
we eks past. Yon see half-grown bolls open every
where, as if yon had placed them on a heated
stove. In ten days more the bulk of the cotton
crop will bo opened. This damage done by beat
and rust has not been so severe on the rich bot
tom lands, bnt on these the third crop of army
worms has made its appearance in the last four
days by millions, and in one week more you
will not find a leaf on them.
Brain Food.
Some time ago Prof. Agassiz asserted before
a Boston gathering “that fish diet, by virtue of
the phosphorus it contains, is pre-eminently
adapted to nourish the brain, and that those who
snbsist upon it largely are distinguished for
their brightness and intellectuality.” Dr. G.
M. Beard seeks to contradict this theory in a
magazine article, and argues that brain workers
require richer and more substantial food, and
more of it than mechanics and laboring men,
because—
First—Labor of the brain causes greater
waste of tissue than labor of tho muscles. Three
hours’ hard study produce more important
changes of tissue than a whole day of muscular
labor.
Second—Brain-workers, as a class, are more
active in their work, and work more time than
mechanics and laborers, the thinking powers,
the tools of trade of brain-workers, aro always
at hand, and seldom idle.
Third—Brain-worker3 exercise, more or loss,
all the other organs of the body as well as the
brain.
To comoborate his views, Dr. Beard cites va
rious nationalities. For example, the Romans,
Persians, and Babylonians were dominant na
tions among the ancients, and they were free
and luxurious in their habits of eating. In mod
em times the English, German, French, and
Americans are ruling peoples, and they aro the
greatest eaters.
Scarcity of Money.—The great scarcity of money
in this market at the present time, when large
amounts are required to move the rapidly incoming
crop of cotton, is the subject of general complaint
among all classes. Not only is the scarcity of
money a source of much complaint, bnt itia paralyz
ing and hampering trado in all branches of business,
and producing a stagnation when there should be
life, vigor and activity. The splendid price at which
cotton is now selling, and the large sales, in propor
tion to the offering stock, which are made daily,
should start an abundant flow of currency. But the
trouble is, tho banks have loaned out nearly all of
their capital, and until it is recalled they will not be
able to extend that accommodation to cotton buyers
which they are disposed, but have not the ability to
do. We aro assured, however, that this state of
things will not last mnch longer, and that there will
bo an ample supply of money here, in a few days,
to meet all legitimate demands of trado. We hail
its coming with delight, as we confidently anticipate
the liveliest business season this fall and winter
that Macon has experienced for many years. Her
merchants are now receiving large and magnificent
stocks of goods, while many of them are building
new business houses, and others enlarging and ren
ovating their old ones for an extensive business.
Already we notico strong indications of the opening
of tho fall and winter trado, and if there was only a
sufficiency of money to meet the present demands,
trado would bound along with extraordinary vigor
and impulse.
Frebh Grass and Clover Seeds.—L. W. Hunt &
Co., Druggists, on Cherry street, have received a
fine lot of Bed Clover, Blue Grass, Orchard Grass,
Hnngarian and Timothy Grass, and Lucerne. Farm
ers and other's should call and supply themselves.
Mayor’s Court.—But one case was before this
Court yesterday morning, but it was a pretty tough
one. Officer Whippier brought np a sole-leather
colored damsel named Lizzie Holt, whom ho found
on tho streets using the most obscene and offensive
language, and when he attempted toarrest her she
fought like a tiger. After hearing the testimony.
His Honor sent Lizzie to the guardhouse to feast
thirty dayB on bread and water.
Hon. James W. Grimes, of Iowa, has resigned
his seat |n tho United States Senate, to take' ef
fect on the 1st of October next. He will not
return to this country until next year. His
health has somewhat improved, but not suffi
cient to enable him to resume jpublio duties at
tho next sesion of Congress. His term of office
expires on March 4, 1871.
Gen. Sickles has caused great excitement in
the recognition of the Cnban insurgents,
papers urge tbe dispatch of troops to the island,
whose loss, it is argued, ennnot be afforded at
any cost.
Every twinge of Napoleon’s rheumatism
gives France a sleepless night
It is proposed to elect General Joseph E.
Johnston President ot the University of Nash
ville.
United States CttinnssibNEB’s Go car.—This
Court convened yesterday morning at 19 o’clock,
and after order and silence had been commanded
by the U. 8. Deputy Marshal Hon. Jno. Mill edge,
U. S. District Attorney, arose to make a motion;
but before doing so, he desired to speak a few
words in the presence of this Court, to the prfeon-
ers at the bar, and to the large crowd of spectators
present. He desired to say that it was not the poli
cy of the general government to persecute Mid op
press its Citizens,'or treat them otherwise' thad in a
liberal, generous and friendly spirit. While it might
be necessary at times to protect and defend its good
frith and honor, as pledged to other nations, by
checking and suppressing unlawful combinations of
citizens calculated to disturb the peace of the coun
try with foreign powers, yet it was disposed to do
bo in such manner as to retain the affection and
confidence of the offending parties, and' convince
them that their best interests lay in defending and
supporting their own government, and allowing the
people of other contries to work out their own des
tinies, and to achieves their independence, if need
be, by their own strong arms and stout hearts. He
warned those present, that if they entertained the
idea that this government was winking at tho un
lawful combinations forming in different parts of
tho country, with aview to releasing Cuba from the
Spanish government, they were most egregiously
mistaken. The government winked at nothing in
which its honor and good frith were involved, and
would use all its power to suppress any movement
on the part of its citizens, to impair or invalidate
either. He appealed to the young men in whose be-
| half he was about to make the motion proposed, to
• go homo when they should he released from the
custody of the Marshal, and henceforth bo good,
law-abiding and industrious citizens. Their muscle
and courage were required in the workshops and
fields of their native State, and in developing her
great and rich natural resources; that Georgia
could not now spare her youth and vigorous man
hood to fight tho battles of anotherpeoplo. however
great her sympathies might he enlisted in their be
half. During the Jate.war she lost 20,000 of her
brave and gallant men, and the demand for labor
camo np from her thousands of cotton fields, work
shops and industrial pursuits and he appealed to
the young men before bim to follow no longer the
ignis fatuus of Cuban Independence, but hear the
demands for labor and respond to them with alacri
ty and spirit, and soon they would win an indepen
dence for their own State, compared to which, that
of Cuba, when won. would be but a myth. Georgia
was their mother; stand by her, andlend their stout
hearts and strong arms to the noble work of liftin;
her up from her fallen position and tho disastrous
results of the late war.
And in this voin the Honorable gentleman spoke
for about a half hour, more like a father to his sons
than an officer of the government, clothed with
power to prosecute and distress the accused, if so
disposed. We are sure he made warm friends of all
the young men connected with the proposed expedi
tion. He concluded his remarks by saying that as
the government had accomplished its purpose in
breaking up and disbanding the organization re
cently formed in tins community, for the purpose
of invading foreign soil; and as there was no lon
ger a disposition on the part of the accused to per
sist in tho matter with which they were charged in
this court; he moved that the Court dismiss the
proceedings before it, and order the release of each
and all of the prisoners.
Commissioner Morrill, agreeing with the Attorney
General in ail he had stated, aud sanctioning tbe
motion offered, announced that the proceedings
against tho accused (naming them) be dismissed,
and after ordering their release, adjourned the
Court, sine die.
The announcement was received with much good
feeling and gratitude on tho part of the Cuban pa
triots, and several of them stepped forward to
thank the Court for its leniency, and the Attorney
General for his fatherly, friendly and sound advice.
A Gay Cabtit.tan Maid—On Tuesday last this
illustrious settlement was Tisitedbya fair and dash
ing creature of the feminine persuasion, who, by
signs and tokens, indicated that she was dumb as
an oyster and deaf as a gate post. Possessing a
pretty face and a twinkling black, bnt laughing eye,
she attracted somo attention; bnt no one seemed to
have his sympathies aroused more than a gallant and
good looking officer of the police force of this city,
who volunteered to act as guide and spokesman for
the fair but unfortunate visitor, and escort her
about town. His offer was gladly accepted: in fact,
the charming creature was delighted, and made her
gallant escort believe that he was the very man that
she had been looking for, from the day she stepped
off tbe rostrum of her boarding school, a full fledged
graduate and a blooming aspirant for connubial
bliss. She expressed all this with the melting
glance of an eye, which her pliant attendant swore
was irresistible. Ho surrendered himself to her
commands, heart and hand, and expressed himself
ready to do anything in the world to make her com
fortable and happy during her stay. Of course his
services were accepted; and her first order through
her devoted slave, was upon Mr. Matt. Freeman, for
one of his most spirited and stylish horses. The
order was delivered and tho gallant officer cashed
the bill as cheerfully and pretentiously as if ho had
millions to back him. The charger was bronght
forth and on his own fine steed) he led the animal
to the hotel of his enchantress and awaited her
presence. She soon appeared on tho steps and,
signifying her disposition to ride, her obedient and
gallant servant, alighted and, dropping on one knee,
he extended his right hand near the gionnd, when
tho sweet enchantress placed her fairy little foot in
it, and she was lifted to the saddle as lightly and
gently as if she were only so much of a morning
zephyr. Mounting his own Bucephalus, the two
bounded away over the hills of East Macon—the
fair equestrienne leading off in a reckless, dashing
style that would have honored Morgan or any of his
men, in their wildest chaigeB of the war. P.etum-
ing to this side of the river, they continned their
ride to the cemetery, the Laboratory, and all the
places of note in tho snburbs, and not until the fire
flics began their sport on the dark robe of night, did
the beautiful and dashing equestrienne turn the
head of her panting steed homeward. Arriving at
the hotel she alightod, and returning the foaming
horse to tho officer with an eye-glance of grattitude,
she expressed, with bewitohing signs on her deli-
catley tapered little fingers, that she would be de
lighted to have his company the next morning at 7
o’clock. Ho left perfectly enchanted, and in his
dreams that night he again enjoyed the glories of
that ride; but through elysian fields. The next
morning, long before the sunlight tipped with gold
the tops of the eastern pines, our hero was up and
donning bis best attire, in which to present himself
before tho queen of his heart. They met and she
was evon more beautiful than the ovening before.
She proposed a walk through the city, as tho air was
cooling and bracing, signifying a desire to visit the
passenger shed and witness the outgoings of the
morning trains, and thither the couple repaired. Tho
train on the Central road was about ready to start,
and tbe captivating damsel approached near the
platform of the ladies’ car, and just as tho train
moved off, she stepped aboard, and in tones as
clear, rich and distinct as strokes upon a silver bell,
she thanked tho Captain for his undivided attention
and assured him that, to accomplish her purpose, it
waB necessary to play the role of a mute during her
visit to Macon!
The train was gone and there stood the Captain
like a post, in blank astonishment and silence, as if
riveted to the spot. A friend touched him and the
spell was broken. He conld find utterance but for
three words and he drawled out—w-e-H, Fl-l
B-w-e-a-r!
We have only to state that the Captain, for once,
was sold clean out, as his gay deceiver was a Castil
ian maid, who was here, doubtless, os a spy npon
the movements of the Cuban patriots, and, satisfied
that the government had effectually broken them,
up and.th&t they had disbanded, she took her de
parture.
The Cm—'Weather.—'The city, especially on the
more prominent business thoroughfares, has pre
sented a lively and animated appearance for tbe last
few days, as the surrounding country has been well
represented by its yeomanry with their cotton wag
ons and all manner of vehicles. The fall trade may
now be said to lave fairly opened in this market, as
the business of the week, now drawing to a dose,
bas been unusually good for tbe early part of Sep
tember.
Tbe weather oontinnes cool and bracing, and
planters are picking out their cotton with all possi
ble speed.
INHALATION:
atomization
LOCAL TREATMENT.
Messrs. Editors— Sms: The Inhaler K: j
Atomiser are - instruments for tho purpose G -
making Local Applications of remedies f or
euro of disease within tho Throat, Lam,
Bronchial Tubes and Lungs, are used by B ' e *
auxiliary remedial agencies in all affecti oaso;
these parts. By means of the tSHALaonaiic.
MENTamedicated vapor of a mild soothing ^
dyne or Alterative character, at a tempTr&tur;
about blood heat, is drawn into the lungs, &r,}
comes into contact withthe diseased surfaces, &
layingimtationandqnietingConghjassisfiDg’tie
expectoration of phlegm and matter,tho aceumu-
lation of which gives patients, far advanced fc
Consumption, so much distress; promotingti t
healing of cavities formed by the breaking do**
and expulsion of tubercular deposits, ana, fc
cases of Asthma or Phthisic, relaxing the &
tressing constriction about the Chest, and cut
ting short, frequently, almost instantaneon%
the paroxysm. In fact, it is the only means tj
■which I have ever been able to cure Asthma. Thsi
Therapeutics of Inhalation are not limited to
a few articles of the Materia Medics, bnt coa.
prise some of the most valuable mineral,
nearly all vegetable remedies known to Media;
men; and the intelligent physician who hasjj
voted a sufficient amount of attention to
method of treatment, to learn the doses to ty
used, and their peculiar effects when
tered in this manner, can select remedies
meet any and all indications.
Many of the most eminent physicians oil
Europe and America have devoted much of l
attention of late years to Inhalation and Atrj
zation, and now employ them in all eases ofi
eases of the Throat and Lungs coming
their care, and their use has been followed!
results hitherto unattained by any other ci
of treatment.
But the effects of inhaled remedies ce
exclusively local Many of them have t aa|
powerful and certain constitutional Mm
than the same remedies administered tj 1
stomach. Yon have no donbt witnessed tiehj
halation of Sulphuric .Ether, Chloroform
“ Laughing Gas,” and seen sensibility d<
ed in the most distant parts of the body in lie
seconds by merely breathing a small amxxt
the vapor—have seen the system aroused:
life from a death-like faint by inhaling
nia from a common smelling bottle. The*
some of the familiar examples of the
tional effects of inhalation. Many others
be given, snob as the baneful influence of
air” in mines, caves, and the badly ventila
tenements of large cities. Also, the ratal
of infections diseases by' breathing the er
tions and pestiferous vapors that fill the r*
of patients suffering from' such diseases. Ii
satisfied that Consumption is very freqa:
communicated and contracted in this
Sir Charles Seudamore, one of the most e:
of English Physicians, has said of Medicasl
halation:
“For the sake of humanity, then, I
“mend the treatment, and will repeat
“have said in the preface to the work
“mentioned. It is not on selfish ground 1 -
“vocate the practice. What oonoerns nj:
“tation is personal and transient, and of
“moment; what relates to scienoe aud
“terest of mankind is for all ages, and of:
“mable importance.”—London Lancet-
It is not claimed that Inhalation will
cases of Consumption. Unfortunate.'
many come to me who are beyond the
assistance of any hand that is not 01
or any remedy that is not a miracle, W
is claimed for it is the power of a:
coring diseases of the Lungs in stagei
the influence of any other remedy.
ATOMIZATION
Differs from Inhalation in this respect,
remedies are applied to the Throat, I*?
Bronchial tubes in the form of spraL *
mist, either cold or warm, according to 1 *
cations to be fulfilled. By means of tb*
izerany remedy can be applied which
dissolved in water or alcohol; bni &
this article will not permit me to
greater length; X shall,' at til ^ mea *
my stay here, be pleased to exp^i®
and application to all persons who
at my rooms.
I am, very respectfully,
Your obedient servant,
JAS. A. HUNTER M.
Physician for Diseases of the
Head, Throat and U
No. 70
Macon, Ga., September 12,1869-
SPECIAL NOTICE.
Dr. Hunter can be consulted at® 5 ,
Macon, No. 70 MuibeiTy Street,. AH
nier House) upon all diseases
of 1*1
Throat and Lungs, embracing Chre® 1
and Ozsena, Bronchitis, Aaathma,
loss or impairment of hearing
Gentlemen e:
politely termed hoal
to be married are now
by brevet.
.4