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I THECOUNTRYHOME
I {Women on the Farm
Conducted By Mrs. IV. H. Felton.
tS -J -7 ";• -S'.
0 Correspond enes on homo topic* or ♦
* *objocts of esr-c!al Interest to wo- ♦
+ mon is invited. Inqutrle* or letters ♦
+ should bo brief and clearly written ♦
• to ink on one olde of th* *heot. ♦
'* Write direct to Mr*. W. H. F*4- ♦
< tonJßditor Home Department Semi- ♦
+ Weekly Journal. Carter*villa G*. ♦
A No Inquiries answered by mall ♦
r»» °
*iiiHiiimi>niiiiin>*>
♦ '»»*
t The Star of Bethlehem. !
fl
Lo la the outer court* of heaven
The starry hoot* unnumbered stand;
The Kin* o< Light to each has riven
A— unto eea and land.
And each Hit gracious law fulfilling.
Descending co It* own bright ray—
All palpitant and softly thrilling—
Sheds HU own peace along the way.
Tot. how the root tn light transcending.
Fairer far than all of them.
Flooding'each with raya unending.
Chinee the Star of Bethlehem!
Concentrating aU it* splendor.
Blending all its bean.s in one.
Rests the etar in radiance tender
Over Mary a Infant Son!
Bear light its source ia seeking
Since Into th* ead old world
Camo the King, the darkness breaking.
Glory's banner* all unfurled.
Once ho rested to a manger;
Now enthroned with God on high,
•till for foe. and friend, and stranger.
Ia His eta* ia in the sky!
—MARIA NEWTON MARSHALL
Christmas Greeting.
Tn <n the many months since this news
paper has been making the readers of the
Bend-Weekly regular visits In their homes
and around their firesides there has not
been a Jar or the least hard feeling In
-The Country Home Department." so far
as the editress know*.
On the contrary, there has been ever
tacre&rlng confidence and esteem. Words
are inadequate to express the gratitude of
the editress for the hundreds of letters
which have been written to her by the
gnany, many readers of The Semi-Weekly
Journal on scores of topics and always
dull and running over with kind wishes.
remembrances and genuine desire
to make our country homes better and
more comfortable through these columns.
It is one of the few newspaper* in all
this broad land where helps and sugges
tions for domestic life are not only sought
for, but eagerly welcomed for our read
er*. It it conducted by those with whom
George peopple are acquainted and whose
Interests are mutual, as well as their hope*
and aspirations.
'This "Country Home Department" Is
especially set apart for the mothers, wives
and daughters of its readers. It is intend
ed to meet their wishes especially in col
lecting and furnishing everything that
touches upon womankind—in comfort, edu
cation and general Information on these
and kindred topics.
Therefore it is befitting that the holi
day season, with all that Christmas stands
for that is ennobling to human life should
be welcomed by our Semi-Weekly reader*
and correspondents
In this spirit, with a heart full of appre
ciation for past kindnesses, the editress
offers to one and all the compliments of
the season, with the hope that the New
Tear will bring to every reader the best
opportunity we have ever enjoyed for mu
tual happiness and prosperity. - •
Fine Pork Raising.
My neighbor and friend. Mrs. Sam P.
Jones, wife of the noted evangelist, is one
of the most successful manager* in pork
ralslng I have ever known.
In January of the present year she found
herself with the 12 little babv pig*, littered
In the month of January. One of the little
ones died from some cause, accident, per
hapa She raised 11 to be grown, and the
11 were butchered this week.
Out of this pork she made 500 pounds of
lard for the 11 porkers, averaged 275
. pounds of net pork, a little over 3.000
pounds in all. The sausage, souse meat,
everything was put up at home, in best
order and delldou* eating for the family.
I asked her to tell me her method of
_ making a pig weigh 300 pounds in ten
months.
She said she had a pot of shelled corn
boiled every day for the pig* until the
pasture was ready for them in the early
■ummer Then they worked on the pas
ture until taken up for fattening in close
pens.
After they were put up for fattening
they were highly fed until time to butcher.
What a transformation it was? Little
baby pigs that saw the light in January
and yet were killed in November, yield
ing this immense amount of fine pork.
Mr*. Jones said she had ten fine piece*
of last year's bacon in her smokehouse
when the new meat was packed away.
I passed a butcher shop tn Cartersville
and inquired the price of pork by retail.
"Twelve and a hglf cent*.” was the
reply-
Multiply 3.000 pounds by 12 1-2 cents and
you will see that Mrs. Jones had stowed
away meat—good, first-class pork—that
would have sold for 3375 in the town she
lives in.
Her pigs consumed the waste from her
kitchen, and the corn was shattered and
not salable last spring wnen she had It
boiled for the pigs.
Counting the economy, good manage
ment and beqgtlful quality of the pork,
Mrs. Jones has made a decided success of
her pork raising enterprise.
I fancy our farmers will adopt the
method of rapid fattening when they sec
the benefit* resulting from such methods
as Mr*. Jones uses.
Any young thing on the farm, whether
It is a pig or a colt, needs to be pressed
tn growth from the start.
If ever they get stunted in their baby
days they will stay so, but if you press
them when their bones are tender they
will expand and get size enough to pack
on what you want to make them first
dftSß.
A colt or calf that Is half starved when
young will always undersell those which
had a good chance to grow in bone*.
Nothing pays better than pork raising.
Pig* or shoats in midsummer brought
easily 5 cents a pound gross before fatten
nlng Some farmers paid for transporta
tion also, added to first price, at least 50
cent* a head.
Pigs weighing 40 pounds now bring 32.50
tn our neighborhood
If our people would set Bermuda pas
ture* for their hog* on which the hogs
F eulse
Colors.
a" M a.ny Soapltu
W Powder* ma.*-
qxiera.ding a.*
Z /u iFoap
< Either they pos-
f V > i *es» little cleane-
f _ in 8 power, or
I” p a-K\\ ® Lre rncr ®iy
I*-
'PEAILLINE ie
la. true eoap powder,—built on
eoap with other things added,
that double its effectiveness.
PEAR.LINE is improved
eoap,—soap with more work*
Ing power, more economy, ass.
can live from June until September the
cost of raising hogs will be reduced to the
minimum. Bermuda grass will not be
killed out by hot sun, like clover and oth
er sown grasses. All the rooting and pull
ing by pig* helps to spread and thicken
Bermuda grass in southern pasture*.
When it takes all the cotton one can
raise with expensive labor to buy food to
keep the family from want it would seem
to be good sense to make what you eat at
home by the labor you can control and
let the hogs and cow* feed themselves in
summer. . .
Why Immense Cotton Fires Take Place
The terrific destruction of life and
property at Hoboken, N. J., in IMO. start
ed from fire in cotton bales.
News comes today of the finding of a
bale of cotton, just about to be loaded
on a German ship for ocean transporta
tion, containing a lot of matches and
cannon crackers imbeded inside the cot
ton bale. It was one of eighteen hundred
bales and the chances are that the fire
would have certainly started from these
matches and cannon crackers in the hold
of the ship, and which would have de
stroyed vessel and contents.
It must be a diabolical mind which
would lay such a fuse to destroy life and
property—in such style as this.
If the incendiary could be traced, hang
ing would be too good for him.
Cotton is very inflammable, I know, and
requires care to preserve it from sparks
and other accidents of similar kind—but
there are entirely too many mysterious
cotton conflagrations in this country on
shipboard to be explained away by mere
accident.
If those cannon crackers and matches
had not been discovered before the cot
ton was stowed away in the hold of the
vessel, the chances are there would have
been a strange smell of smoke and after
awhile an abandoned vessel in midocean.
If no loss of life followed, as a sequence,
it would have been a mercy.
Insurance companies then have to pay
odt hard cash for these' losses; and the
cotton goes up in smoke, except that
which sink* and rots ip the water a
dead loss. The Uabolical incendiary goes
scott free and is at liberty to pack an
other cotton bale full of matches and
cannon crackers, and fire another vessel
loaded with Inflammable cotton.
In my girlhood days I heard of a man
who packed a big rock inside a bale of
cotto.n Almost all ante-bellum farmers
had their own gin houses run by horse
power. The bale of cotton was sold, but
there were marks enough on it to track
it to It* starting place.
Tears and years afterward the Incident
would be repeated from lip to lip, and
that man's integrity was vastly damaged
by that big rock Inside his cotton bale.
I heard of another who watered the
bulk of the cotton in some bales, and
covered it over with dry cotton, but the
buyer came back at him in Just such an
attitude a* caused the cotton money to
be refunded at that story went
along with the man's reputation like the
hat on hi* bead or the coat on his back.
It is amaxing to know how tight such
ugly occurrences will cling to a person'*
reputation—through constant and evil re
port. A rock in a cotton bale or wet
moulded cotton inside will hang on to the
guilty one like a leach, sticking closer
than a brovuer, if the comparison is ad
missible.
But as before . said, the placing of
matches and cannon crackers Inside thia
sh'pplng bale to ignite a vessel load of
cotton far out at sea, was the act of a
fiend, no matter what complexion or na
tionality he owned or claimed to belong
to.
The heaviest penalty allowed by law
should have been laid on the miscreant
when apprehended, and that bale should
have been tracked to its starting point
until the villlan was run down and con
victed, because he is liable to try the
same game another time and do greater
damage if possible than he first intended.
A Complaint From School Patron*.
DEVREAVX, Ga., Nov. 12th.
Dear Mr*. Felton:
As the school question is being agitated
now and I have just read on your page,
which I always enjoy, the needs of rural
schools, please allow me to say in your
page that our greatest and most urgent
need is good, progressive teachers. We
all wish to educate our children and are
willing to sacrifice almost anything to
obtain that end, but the present method
is tn its infancy. I live within a hundred
and fifty yards of a large school, yet I
do not send, but teach my children as
best I can at home. We have a third
grade teacher elected by the trustees (a
relative of their*) and our children last
year went to him and it was time thrown
away. Better to have kept them at home
and tried to teach them to work or some
thing else useful. This same teacher was
elected again this year by his relatives,
the trustees (they are sure to always give
us their relatives), although the people
petitioned the board for .his resignation.
Last year he received 355 a month and
his assistant 320. making a snug salary
of 375. for no value received by the peo
ple-3375 paid for five months and the
people compelled to send or keep their
children from school. *
Some people are so poorly educated that
they cannot discern between a first grade
and third grade teacher, and think if their
children can spell on sides their educa
tion isicomplete. Some think if the teach
er is in needy circumstances they are en
titled to teach. The requirements of a
teacher are never thought of.
I wish the public schools were wiped
out of existence, or a better grade of
teachers. I am a poor woman and do
all my work without help, but would
cheerfully pay tuition rather than to send
my children to such schools as are gen
eral through the coutnry. There are ex
ceptions. Now and then we find a rural
school ruled by a yankee school marm
that fills the bill. They are familiar
with everything pertaining to public
schools, while our southern people are
only beginning to learn. The northern
teachers are better equipped for teaching.
While I loathe everything from yankee
land I must admit their superiority as
teacher*. I do not like their doctrine,
and prefer our own people, but where
there is such flagrant ignorance placed
upon us by those in power, our thoughts
turn to other states for teachers.
Our school is gradually going down. All
who are able are sending their children to
Sparta, and some, like myself, keep them
at home. Our present teacher allows his
pupils to hear his lessons, and my little
girl went twelve days to school and said
the same lesson lesson each day of nine
words in a word book for a week. It
was heard by a child seven or eight years
old, a niece of the teacher. I always
teach my children their lessons at night,
and require them to recite them perfect
before they go In the morning. Again
the teachers prefer to have the children
remain absent, as there is less work, and
frequently express themselves by remark
ing that they don't care, a* the pay goes
on the same.
If you find anything in here worth
publishing. I am willing my name come
i in full under it, as I can substantiate
every word I have written. It is best
the people know what is done with their
taxes. Your*, very truly,
MRS. M. A. BAUGH.
Perhaps the Harvard student who won a
tl.rce-dollsr bet by getting on the outside of
three beefsteaks, two mutton chops, two dishes
of peas, two cups of coffee and two pints of
water at a single sitting Is working to receive,
the degree of D. Ph. at the next commence
ment season.—Des Moines Capital.
THE SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GEORGIA, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 26, 1901.
Celebrating the Greatest of All Events.
A CHRISTMAS MEDITATION.
BY BISHOP WARREN A. CANDLER.
If somewhere upon our world a huge
meteoric stone, charged with magnet
ic qualities, should fall, it would at
tract worldwide attention. If upon it
were found Impressed evidences that it
had been projected from the hand of
God upon our world, and that It*
touch Imparted healing for man'*
worst woes, how the multitudes would
flock to see it and to touch
In the coming of Jesus among men
we have on event far more wonderful
than all this; for the most conclusive
evidences show that he came from
God, that he brings healing to the
nations and that he ha* magnetic
qualities which tend to draw all men
unto him. He comes as no inanimate
stone might fall, a strange, mateless
mass of once molten matter found
in some unknown quarter of the uni
verse. He is the word made flesh,
dwelling among us full of grace and
truth. “In him is the fullness of the
Godhead bodily” as St. Paul teaches
and in him is the perfection of man
hood spiritually. He shows how deep
divine love can stoop to rescue men
and how high humanity can rise when
touched with heavenly powers.
The incarnation begun by the birth
and eternalized by the resurrjptlon and
ascension of Jesus, is the most sublime
and influential fact in the history of
our world. It is this fact we cele
brate at Christmas.
It is a matter of small moment
whether men have or nave not fixed
upon the correct date for the annual
celebration of the birth of our Lord.
It rt mains too clear for doubt that
some nineteen hundred years ago an
event occurred in Palestine which has
been more influential for good among
men than all the campaigns of the i.lgh
captains of the earth and all the
sages and statesmen of the ages. A
brief life with a manager cradle at
one end and a borrowed tomb at the
other, was spent in poverty deeper
than that of the birds of the air and
the foxes of the forest, and yet from
it ha* sprung all the riches, both ma
terial and immaterial, found in what
we call Christian civilization. The out
come of that life is the miracle of his
tory.
Men need not perplex themselve;*
about the phenomenon of Bethlehem's
star and the wonder of the singing an
gels hovering above the amazed shep
herds. The lights of civilization lit by
his hand which burn above our heads
every day and every night are far
greater and more mysterious, if he be
not God, than the luminary which the
entranced Wise Men followed. The mu
sic which from cathedral to cottage
pours itself forth upon the evening air
everywhere throughout Christendom
today is a greater marvel than the an
gelic strains which fell upon the ears
of the enraptured shepherds. Whence
all this brightness in Christian lands,
with thick darkness everywhere else
in the world? Whence all these Han
dels and Beethovens and Haydns and
this innumerable company of singers
• and players on instruments which no
man can number, making Christian
lands resonant with strains est unearth
ly gladness, while in the regions be
yond these lands humanity sits discon
solate with harp unstrung upon the
willows which grow by the streams of
earthly grief?
Surely there has broken in upon our
world a (supernatural life of love which
seeks to encompass all mankind in its
warm embrace. As one has said "The
world Itself is changed, and is no
more the same that it was; it has nev
er been the same since Jesus left it.
The air is charged with" heavenly
odors, and a kind of celestial con
sciousness. a sense of other worlds, is
wafted on us in its breath.”
The facts of contemporaneous his
tory show that a superhuman energy, is
suing from the man Cnrlst Jesus, is
active in the world, working for the
amelioration of human ills and the ac
complishment of human perfection. No
marvel of a by-gone age can exceed
in magnitude this manifest miracle be
fore our eyes.
Christian history, after every Just
Historical Room of Woman's Building
At the Charleston Exposition
BY ELLE GOODE.
A* I said before, the Woman’s building
is an old colonial residence, which, during
the Revolution, served as headquarters
for the British, and in it are now collect
ed many rare and valuable mementoes.
The large hall upstairs has been called
the "Historical Room,” for here are these
old relics arranged for inspection. Miss
Caroline Moreland, one of Charleston’s
best known young ladies, and Miss Rowe,
the granddaughter of Gilmore Simms,
the noted southern writer, have the room
in charge, and they very kindly gave me
many interesting facts. One of the most
interesting relics is a piece of the Fort
Sumter flag. It is made of strips of red,
white and blue alpacca. On the blue strip
is a white star, which is now yellow with
age. It is exquisitely made by hand, the
stitches being almost impossible to find.
There is also the “Post Return” from
Fort Sumter, of 1863. The garrison at that
tidie was under the command of Captain
T. A. Huguenin, of. the First South C&ro
llna infantry regulars. Huguenin is quite
a prominent South Carolina name and has
been brought before the public lately in
Lafayette McLaw’s beautiful story of
"When the Land Was Young." The story
is laid around Charleston, and the char
acters all bear the old Charleston names,
so that the book will be very interesting
to those who are expecting to visit
Charleston during the exposition.
There is an engraving of Private Charles
Pinckney, Brown, who signed the South
Carolina ordinance of recession. He was
a very brilliant man as well as an able
soldier, and although promotion aftjer
promotion was offered him, he refused
them, saying that he had helped to bring
on the war and would stand side by side
with the privates to the "bitter end.” He
was shot through the head at the battle
of SecesslonvHle, June 10, 1862. His old ar
my coat, now all “tattered and torn,”
hangs near his picture, and proved quite
and object of Interest to some southern
people the other day. After examining it
carefully they asked if there was a pic
ture anywhere of the Confederate flag, as
they had never seen one in the genuine
colors. It was pointed out to them, and
they really "admired” it.
Another Confederate souvenir is a cop
per dust pan, taken from t*»e federal gun
boat “Isaac P. Smith,” on Storm river,
in the fall of 1863.
The original ordinance of secession Is
kept in the South Carolina state build
ing, but there is a copy of it here. Also
a Confederate bill with the picture of Mrs.
Frances Pickens, the beautiful wife of
Governor Andrew Pickens, who was gov
ernor during the war. She was one of the
“beautifql southern women” written of
recently in the Ladies’ Home Journal.
On the wall hangs a very good picture
of John C. Calhoun and below it, hand
somely framed, is a China plate, in the
center of which is the coat-of-arms of the
United States. This set was presented to
him by the Chinese emperor w’hile on his
travels abroad.
The back-gammon board of General
Francis Marlon is well worth a few mo
ment’s notice. It is made of rich black
wood inlaid with pearl, and once, when It
was loaned to an exposition, “someone,”
to freshen it up, varnished it. When Gen
eral Marlon left South Carolina he gave
it to his friend, General Moore, and on his
subtraction is made for all possible
hypocrisies and infidelities, is a result
of such stupendous power and worth
that nothing but an incarnation of God
is adequate cause by which to account
for it. The Son of God became the
Son of Man that every son of man
might be empowered to become a son
of God. Otherwise all the stock of
godliness in Christian lands is an in
explicable mystery. Here as nowhere
else are seen the visible effects of a
vivid sense of the divine impressed
upon manners, literatures, codes of
laws, national institutions and nation
al characters. The contrast between
Christian and pagan lands in this par
ticular is as marked as the difference
between the palm groves of the tropics
and the dwarfed shrubbery of the
frigid zones.
Uninspired human Intellects could
never have conceived the idea of the
incarnation any more than unaided
human powers could have executed
the plan of salvation or unassisted hu
man agents could have achieved the
results of Christian history. The high
est thought of a kindred nature of
which ancient or modern paganism
has been capable has been a deified
man losing his humanity by his
apotheosis or a humanized god trans
cendently appearing as a man, beset
with human infirmities and bereft of
heavenly character. Its Jupiter misbe
having in the heavens or its Hercules
disappearing in the clouds is the best
god it can manufacture. But in Jesus
we have neither a god become a man
nor a man become a god. but the God-
Man. He is Immanuel—“ God be with
us.” He bridges the tremendous chasm
between God and man. revealing to us
the depths to which divine love can
descend and the heights to which hu
man nature may rise. It is no wonder
that the angels saw disclosed at His
birth the highest glory of God and the
noblest hope of man. Even the Inani
mate forces of nature themselves
might well have responded to the ap
pearance on earth of Him who in the
beginning was God, and was with God,
and without whom was not anything
made that was made.
Stars might well come bending in
stately obeisance before Him who set
them in their places at the first and
who laid before them their pathway*
in the trackless spaces of the firma
ment. One radiant wanderer may well
have been started from the outset of
the morning of creation to meet . Him
at Bethlehem with transfiguring light
to glorify with celestial honor* hl*
earthly destitution. Such an arrange
ment would have involved no excess of
homage to the combination of wisdom,
love and power which in redemption
shine.
With no extravagance of irreverent
fancy sings the great Mil ton in hl*
“Hymn on the Nativity:”
"But peaceful was the night
Wherein the Prince of Light
His reign of peace upon th* earth
began.
The winds, with wonder whist
Smoothly the waters kissed.
Whispering new joy* to the mild
ocean.
Who now hath quite forgot to rave,
While birds of calm *lt brooding on
the charmed wave.
"The stars with deep amaze,
Stand fixed in steadfast gaze,
Bending one way their precious in
fluence.
And will not take their flight.
For all the morning light.
Or Lucifer than often warned them
thence;
But in their glimmering orbs did glow.
Until their Lord hhnself bespake and
bade them go.”
The season which recalls the sacred
scene of the stall and the manger
should, wake within us all every wor
shipful sentiment and benevolent im
pulse. Heaven and earth call us to
give glory to God in the highest and
to promote piety and peace among
men. - >
death it passed to relatives, and so on
down. But what interested me most was
what I found about William Gilmore
Simmes, the noted South Carolina writer.
There is an exquisite pencil sketch of him
made by H. B. Bounethean one evening in
Simms’ study. And his portfolio, on
which he wrote all his famous pieces, is
also to be seen. He first used it in hie
17th year and became so attached to it
that, “come what might,” he would not
part with it, and used it up to the time of
his death. His oldest son now owns it.
Then there is the famous oil portrait of
him, by Benjamin West, the great artist.
The bronze bust which is placed in the
Battery park was made from this por
trait.
St. Michael's, the famous colonial
church, has been written up time and
time again, but there seems always to
be something new, and this I found in the
historical room. It is an old “pew grant,”
made in 1760. St. Michael's is an Episco
pal church, and, of course, being built
prior to the revolution,, was under the su
pervision and direction of the Church of
England.
I am sure there are few who have seen
these old pew grant*, *o I reproduce this
one: “This indenture, made the 6th day of
December in the year of our Lord 1760,
and in the 34th year of the reign of our
sovereign lord, King George the Second,
between (names), the commissioners law
fully appointed for building the Parish
church of St. Michael, Charles Town, in
the province of South Carolina, of the
pne part and Thomas Nightingale of the
other, wltnesseth that the said commis
sioners for and in consideration of the
sum of £SO of good and lawful money
of the said province by the said Nightin
gale, subscribed toward the building of
the church and to them the said commis
sioners in hand paid before the sealing
and delivery of these presents, the re
ceipt thereof is hereby acknowledged, have
(by two several acts of assembly, in that
case made and provided) granted bar
gained, sold, aliened, enfoeffed and con
firmed and by these presence do grant,
bargain, sell, alien, enfoeff and confirm
unto the said Thomas Nightingale, hl*
heirs and assigns, that pew in the said
parish church of St. Michael known and
distinguished in the plan of the said
church by the nufnber 101. To have and to
hold the said pew numbered 101 In the said
parish church of St. Michael unto the
said Thomas Nightingale, his heirs and
assigns to the only proper use and hereof
of the said Thomas Nightingale, heirs and
assigns forever.
“In witness whereof the said parties to
these presents have hereunto interchange
ably set their hands and seals.”
And to this very day the said heirs and
assigns of the said Thomas Nightingale
hold the said pew In St. Michael’s church
and will continue to do so for many years
to come. The pews In St. Michael’s pass
down from one generation to another and
are prized and beloved by their occupants
much as their homes.
There are many, many more interesting
things in the room, but one must stop
some time. I know that the United Daugh
ters o* the Confederacy will appreciate
these relics, as in fact will all who visit
the room, for things are so well arranged
and’ so nicely described to you by the
young ladies who have it in charge.
$4,500,000 for a
New West Point
When congress reassembled after the
Christmas holidays a great national uni
versity at West Point will be officially
brought to its attention. Elaborate plans
for the rebuilding and extension of the
Military Academy have already been pre
pared and will be soon submitted to the
military authorities in Washington for
their approval and transmission to con
gress.
They call for a new academic building,
a mammoth memorial viaduct connecting
the new academy with the present admin
istration building, a new and extensive
administration building, a larger and
more modern cadet barracks, and some
thirty-four other buildings.
In additiqn to these new buildings the
plans propose the utilization of Immense
tracts of government territory in and
around the present military reservation,
which have never been before used, some
of the propbsed territory being conspicu
ously identified with Revolutionary his
tory.
The preliminary estimates call for an
expenditure of about $4,500,000, exclusive
of plant for heating and lighting. This is
not a very large amount when it is con
sidered that for the re-building of the
Naval Academy at Annapolis, congress
appropriated something like 38,000,000, and
before the work is completed more money
will be needed.
President Roosevelt, in his message to
congress, called attention to the needs of
West Point, and he Is in thorough sym
pathy with the proposed enlargement.
Secretary of War Root also gives it his
cordial indorsement, and believes con
gress will appropriate the necessary
money.
The report of the last Board of Visitors
to the Military Academy emphatically
condemned the present buildings at the
Institution and urged a more liberal poli
cy on the part of congress in behalf of
West Point. It is believed that that re
port will also carry great weight in in
ducing congress to grant the necessary
appropriations.
The most important feature of the West
Point reconstruction is the new Academic
building. It will be built of stono, a
three-story structure, 270 feet long and 70
feet wide. It will be built on the hill
overlooking the Hudson where the pres
ent Headquarters building stands, and it
will be connected with the present Acad
emic building by a picturesque monumen
tal viaduct, which will be a sort of me
morial gateway to the new and great
academy.
The next great improvement will he the
extension of the cadet barracks. This
new barracks will be an extension of the
present cadet quarters and will dlrectlj
face the large parade ground now occu
pied by officers’ quarters. This barracki
will be 370 feet long, equal to tile present
front of the old barracks. It will be three
stories in height.
Directly opposite the present cadet mess
the new administration bunding will be
erected. It will be built of stone, three
stories in height, the dimensions being
140 by 65 feet.
THE BIG FACE IN THE ICE.
Gigantic Visage That Startled a Sail
or On a Norwegian Steamer.
Philadelpnia North American.
A real but gigantic Santa Claus, is com
ing down from the frozen north, according
to reports brought in by the Norwegian
steamer Drottllng Sophia. On the blotter
at the Maritime Exchange the vessel's re
port—“ Four icebergs passed six miles
north-northwest from Cape St. Francis”—
seemed little out of the ordinary, but an
interview with the captain brought to
light a most curious freak of- nature.
The ship, with her cargo of iron ore for
this port, passed the four bergs when two
days out from Wabana, N. F. But little
attention was paid to them until the ship
was just abreast of the largest one. A cry
from one of the crew on watch attracted
all hands. Captain Nordhal at first
thought what he saw was an optical Il
lusion, but leveled his glasses and then
ordered the course of the ship changed.
The Drottllng Sophia sailed around the
end of the berg, and all members of the
crew saw at close range the gigantic head
of a man in profile, as clearly defined In
the ice as though chiseled by a sculptor.
The forehead was at the very top. depres
sions gave the appearance of eyes, the
nose was clear cut, and the bottom of the
berg, seamed by tiny rivulets of melting
ice, had every resemblance to a long,
flowing beard tapering off into the water.
The iceberg was over 200 feet high and
was evidently aground in about ninety
fathoms of water. The face and head,
said Captain Nordhal. bore great resemb
lance of the familiar Santa Claus.
Boston Boy Edified.
It was at one of the summer schools
that flourish up New England way every
year, and the white-haired lady had just
finished her address, says Harpers' Maga
zine.
Among the crowd surrounding her,
swayed by a congratulatory spirit, w*s
a little boy— a Boston boy. Presently,
when he had his opportunity, he shook
hands and said:
“I was very much pleased with your re
marks. I have been waiting for years to
hear you speak on this topic. It was one
of the best addresses on the subject I ever
heard.”
The hoy -was nine years old, the sub
ject of the address "Motherhood.”
Temple of Abu Simbal.
Our course along the Upper Nile led
through Nubia, giving the sight of many
ruins—the temple of Abu-Stmbal proving the
most noted object. In fact, there were two
of these rock-temples, built by Rameses 11.,
the Inscriptions in Greek dating from 502 B.
C., telling that when Psammeticus ctrtne to
Elephantine, the writers—giving their names
—also went to that place byway of Kerkis.
But far more grand and imposing was the
one that met us at Abu-Slmbal, being cut
from the solid rock, or, rather, built Into Its
steers face. The facade Itself is formed by
cutting away a square space 100 feet, having
* cornice of seated synocephall—truly, a mag
nificent setting for so imposing a structure.
The entrance is flanked by four collossl of
Rameses. while over the portal, in a niche,
stands the Sun-god Ra, towering in majesty
above the others. One can form an idea of
their size by saying that one big toe-nail of
Rameses afforded me a comfortable seat. The
figures are well preserved, one figure alone
being minus Its head and arms. From the
many photographs so accessible the benignant
and lifelike expressions can be readily re
called. says a writer In the Catholic World
Magazine.
Equally so are the faces looking forth
from the eight Oslrlde columns# in the en
trance hall, on which are sculptured the
memorable deeds of the great Rameses. In
rooms leading from this grade vestibule are
always seen mural sculpture* similar to the
preceding. A smaller pillared hall opens into
another, bringing to view what seemed a
sanctuary. Here were sehted statues of Amen,
Ptah, Bonus, with Rameses the Great, or
Sesostris. Various lateral chambers and hails
are ever and anon seen, all with their his
toric sculptures telling in mute language of
the long-burled past, rousing wonder and ad
miration as we trace the footsteps of that
ancient people, walking the earth centuries
ago.
New regulations for the government of the
Viennese police department demand that appli
cants for positions on the force must be able
to swim, row a boat and manipulate a tele
graph key.
The reed bird is now on sale 1n the Chicago
markets, and that there may be no "substitu
tion" the dealers leave the tail feathers in the
carcaas, which is elsewhere denied.
You don't know how much better you
will feel if you take Hood’s Sarsaparilla.
It will impart strength and give you a
feeling of health and vigor. Be sure to
get Hood’s. *•*
|SI CURES WHERE All ELSE FAILS. Ed
KU Best Cough Syrup. Tastes Good. Use gl
tn time. Sold by druggists. ? ,
' j|A
I Unlfl
g For Infants and Children.
Kind y° u Have
iHIISIffIB I Always Bought
AVegetablePreparationforAs- B
slmilatingtteToodandßegula- ■ , >
tinglhcSiomachsandßoweisQf F BCaTS 1116 Z< t
| Signature //far :
Promotes DigesHon,Cheerful- ■ Z UT
ness and Rest. Con tains neither w /aAlf
Opium nor Htnp.ral. ® '•' ± Bl\ 1
Not Narcotic. S <t \ i f r
I A In
ju*inss*r - > ,9 |\ I II F 111 .
X Us 6
A perfect Remedy for Constipa- Ml ■ If
lion,SourStomach.Diarrhoea, Bl IjZ « A
Worms .Convulsions,Feverish- ■ I a* 11 if n H
ness and Loss of Sleep. M lUI UVCI
TacSimil* Signature of 'fig VI i »
1 i hirtv Years
14TW YORK. ■ ■III ■I J ■V M I
I ICASTORIA
v c<IfTAUR co MFA »rv, rkw vowk errv.
Unwritten Chapters in Georgia History.
BY GEORGE G. SMITH, Vlnevlfle, Macon, Ga.
When Georgia was settled there was
but one opinion about the slavery of
Africans, and that was in its favor.
There was not the slightest moral
wrong, men thought, in buying a slave
in Africa and bringing him to a Chris
tian country. Not even the Quakers
had as yet recognized the system as an
evil and had slaves without compunc
tion, but the trustees forbade their in
troduction into the Georgia colony.
This they did from purely economic
reasons. They wanted to build up a
colony in which poor men could get a
start in the world,, and where there
would be no. slave labor to compete
with those who had to labor with their
hands. They did not wish large estates
estates to be the rule, and so gave
only a few grants of 500 acres of land.
Their land tenure was for life, only
unless there were heirs male, and the
settler brought in by them could only
get 50 acres of wild land as his hold
ing. Rum was forbidden and slavery
was not to be allowed. The nearest
colony was South CaroAina; it was now
very prosperous. Rice planting was
profitable and negro slaves w’ere in
great demand. There was a large slave
market in Charleston and negroes were
very cheap. Land was easily secured
in that province and so all the people
of means who came south from Vir
ginia and from other lands stopped
in South Carolina. The colony of the
trustees banquetted, a great outcry
was raised against Mr. Oglethorpe and
loud complaints sent to England about
the state of affairs. In my story of
Georgia the story is told of this con
flict between the Oglethorpe and the
anti-Oglethorpe parties at length. The
chief grievance was that there were
no slaves. The Highlanders said they
did not want them, the Germans said
they did not, and certain leading men
near Savannah said they ought to be
excluded, but the larger part of the
people said they must have African
labor or give up the colony.
The trustees refused to yield for
near 20 years. Then Mr. James Haber
sham, who was the wisest and most
influential man in the colony advised
that slaves should be allowed and
plainly stated that the colony would
die, if they were not introduced. In
this view he was seconded by Mr.
Whitfield, who had now become a man
of great influence, and the trustees
yielded and then negroes were brought
to Georgia as slaves.. The first large
immigration came from South Caro
lina. Joseph Bryan, the father of
Jonathan, the brothers Barquin, the
Butlers, and sundry others who had
considerable plantations in South Car
olina came* to Georgia. Mr. Whitfield
bought slaves in Charleston, Sir Pat
rick Houston, Noble Jones, James
Habersham. Lachlln McGilverny and
others opened plantations around Sa
vannah and the rice fields and negro
quarters were found where the pas
senger stations and railway shops are
now. Although some of the negroes
were American born they were all of
them virtually Africans. Their envir
onments had had but little transform
ing influence. It is very, difficult for
the Georgian of this day accustomed •
to seeing the negroes and colored peo
ple as they now appear to get a true
idea of what these people were near
two hundred years ago. Not much
over five feet tall, with low brows,
heavy Jaws, kinky heads, muddy eye*. •
flat feet, with rows of shining white ’
teeth they seemed a link between the
ape and the man. They had been
slaves in Africa in many cases and
they were the wildest of savages.
Their language was the strangest jar
gon and they had not the slightest
idea of what the white man called re
ligion or morality.
They worshipped the devil when they
worshipped anything, for they said the
devil would hurt them if they dtd not
pay him homage. They had no idea of
purity or honesty. They were only, kept
at labor by the certainty of punish
ment. They had never had any pity
shown them in Africa and on the slave
ship, and they expected none. They
were branded by the slave dealers and
by their owners, oftentime, with a hot
iron, and it was a death penalty in the
colony to efface a brand. They were
fed on potatoes and rice and corn, and
rarely had meat. Tfielr clothing was
generally one garment, a long shirt.
The people who owned them were
Scotchmen, Englishmen and Spaniards.
The story of Robinson Crusoe and the
authentic account of the labors of
Las Casas give us a true view of the '
character of their toi-dage.
The first effort of which I have found
any mention to establish a mission
among them by Protestants and lead
them to the truth was made in Geor
gia and by James Haoersham. He in
duced Mr. Whitefield to send him a
young Methodist from England to be
a missionary to his negroes. These
poor, ignorant savages fell Into the
hands of good people, in the main, and
were treated kindly as a rule, and In- .
creased rapidly. There were not many
when they first came, but before the
revolution there were thousands of
them. After Sir James Wright came,
and after Sunbury and Savannah be
gan to prosper the merchants brought
large cargoes of slaves from Sierra
Leone, in Africa, and sold them to th*
planters on the coast. The men with
few slaves were generally elbowed out
of the way of the larger planters, and
all along the Great and Little Ogechee
and on the Savannah and tn tha
swamps of Liberty, and on the Turtle
river, in Glynn, and on the Neck, in
Bryan, there were large bodies of
slaves even before the Revolutionary
war. The children of these well-to-do
planters Inherited great plantation*
and scores and hundreds of negroes,
and became the famous rice planter*
of lower Georgia.
The savages were gradually civilized,
and while never as long as slavery ex
isted fully enlightened they were vast
ly changed before they W’ere set fre*
from the white man’s control. I will in
another article give a picture of th*
negro of 50 years ago as he then ap
peared on the rice plantations and the
sea islands, but now I am concerned
with the first negroes in Georgia. Tnere
are many readers of the Journal who
do not recognize the picture I have
drawn, but those who lived on th*
coast and who knew the African as ho
was will be able to underwrite it.
These, however, were not the only
slaves In Georgia.
The Virginia negroes who cam* to
Georgia were Africans by descent, but
not by birth. The Barons of th* Poto
mac and the James who, like King
Carter and Colonel Byrd, and the Ran
dolphs, and Bolings, had hundreds and
even thousands of slaves, did not come
to Georgia. The Virginians who camo
to Georgia were at first men without
any slaves; then they brought a few,
from three to twenty, and after cotton
planting began in rare cases the rich
planter with 60 slaves came to make
a settlement in Georgia. As a general
thing he moved on till he reached the
black lands of Alabama, the Mississip
pi bottom on the Red River. The care
ful study of Wilkes, Elbert, Green,
Columbia and Burke shows that those
who had such a large number of
slaves in after time came to Georgia
with only a few.
The largest slave owner in upper
Georgia before the beginning of the
century, was John Cobb, who had 65,
and his kinsman, John Lewis, who had
more. These negroes were unlike the
Sea island negroes in everything but
color. They bad 150 years of Anglo-
Saxon influence behind them and they
had changed in every feature, physi
cal, mental and moral. They lived a*
well as their masters did. They ate
if not at yet from the same table.
They were vigorous, well-built and of
ten comely. There was, of course,
great variety among them. There was
among them many Uncle Remuses and
Old Si’s and they descended in th*
scale to the most brutal savage even
more despicable than his ancestor cap
tured in the swamps of the Congo, but
on the whole no race had ever pro
gressed more wonderfully and mor*
rapidly. ,
These "old Vlrginy niggers,” as they
loved to call themselves, were a peopl*
to themselves. They had no use or
affinity for the low down negro from
the rice plantations. When Tom was
a coachman or Sally a ladies* maid
there was no way of measuring the
contempt with which they regarded
poor white trash and low down, no
count plantation niggers. The law*
made by the Englishman and Scotch
man under the direction of the trus
tees, laws which have been held up as
evidence of the Georgians’ brutality,
were not made by Georgians at all.
They are brought ouT fully in my his
tory and in that of Col. Jones and Bish
op Stevens, and while they sound
strangely in these days they were th*
best possible then. They aimed to se
cure to the negro full protection of life
and limb and to see to it that he had
food, clothing, shelter and supervision,
but they aimed to keep a savage in
subjection.
In a future chapter I will tell a story
which In a few years more will sound
like a Action of the negro on the old
time plantation.
If your subscription ha* expired an<
you wish to get our next issue send ui
a money order or register us sl, selec
your premium, and your subscriptioi
will be renewed for one year. Don*
delay.
As the great powers, including the United
States, declined at The Hague to commit
themeelvee to a scheme of compulsory arbi
tration no surprise need be felt if the Pan-
AHierlcan conference in session In Mexico
fa , ’« to do any better. When the big Injuns •
swear eternal peace the little InJun* win—
ajjd not before.—Springfield Republican.
I Want Every Weak Man
to write me fully about his case, and learn
what I can do to restore his manly vigor. I
give each case individual attention, and do not
rely upon ready-made medicine*. My treat
ment 1* the result of twenty years experience,
and has cured some of the worst cases on
record. Send for book and symptom blanks:
correspondence confidential. J. NEWTON
HATHAWAY, M. D., U Inma* Bldg., At
lanta, Ga.