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THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GA., TUESDAY, MARCH 4, 1913.
Dig Ditches With
RED CROSS
DYNAMITE
Q
UICKER and cheaper than the
shovel method. Ditches from
50 feet upwards in length instantly
excavated. One man does the work
of many. No re-shovelling of dirt
necessary.
FREE BOOKLET
Explains how to safely and efficiently
use Red Cross Dynamite to ditch and
drain land, blast stumps and boulders,
plant trees, regenerate old orchards,
subsoil, excavate, etc. Write today
for name of nearest dealer, or expert
blaster, and Farmer’s Handbook No.
386.
Du Pont Powder Co.
Wilmington, Delaware
Pioneer Powder Makers
of America
Established 1802
IS THE BOLL BIG ENOUGH
EARLIEST VARIETY KNOWN
MONTHS’ TIME’
Th s shows our faith in the SEED
Let me send you “LIFE SIZE” photos
showing bolls and limbs also reports from farmers in
your Stare, showing Earliness and Productiveness of
this*'wonder” cotton. Seed grown in North
Carolina. Have car lot in each state, so be quick
if yen want a few “Sample Bags*' from point
nearest you at insignificant cost, freight, paid.
T. J. KING. Richmond, va.
BIG
MONEY
IN
CABBAGE
By win* our Open Air and Hardy Frost
Proof Cabbage Plants.
Our plants are large and stocky, anti
free of nut gfttss. They will stand low
temperatures and make heate Satisfac
tion or money refunded. Full count in
each box
Jersey and Charleston Wakefield. Succession
and Drumhead. 50ft for 75c. 1.000 frf JJ.25:
5.000 for 55: Ift.ftOO far $9. Order today
the best Frost Proof Cabbage plants on the
market from
The Dixie Plant Co. Hawkinsville, Ga.
x
Parmer or Farmers I
with $ig in every County to intro- tSotv]
duce and rdl Family and Veteri
nary Remedies, Extracts and Spice*. Fine pay.
One maa made $90 one week. We mean busi
ness and want a man in your County. Write us,
Scores-Mueller Co.,Dept. 8$, Cedar Rapids,Iowa
_ _ _ ML,
ICOSTS UTtflBF MAKEjf“BlG MONEY^jfi
Learn why ours is better Writs today .
MALLARY 8 TAYLOR IRON WORKS, Sox 15 MACON. GA
Xfgrs. of Engines, Boiler*, Shingle Machines, Cut-off Saws, fcte
-n. Education
Successful Farming
.Andrew 7^. Soule
This department will cheerfully endeavor to furnish, any imrrmatlon.
Letters should be addressed to Dr. Andrew M. Soule, president State
Agricultural College. Athens, Qa.
CULTIVATING CELERY
A. E. E., Hendersonville, N. C., writes:
I want some information on how to
plant and cultivate celery. I am in the
mountains of western North Carolina
and want to grow celery.
Celery seed should be a^wn * n «n.rly
March in your section or the country
In drills about 8 to 10 inches apart.
The bed in which the seed is sown
should be exceedingly fine and rich, and
should be where it can be sheltered and
protected from late frosts or extreme
cold. Only a small bed is needed to pro
duce a large number of plants. The
bed should be made very rich with
yard manure and very finely decayed
vegetable matter such as leaf mold. This
should be well worked into the soil. The
seed should be covered to a depth of
about one-quarter inch, and if the soil
is very dry press the earth down with
a spade or light roller. The bed should
be kept clean of weeds so the young
plants will not be smothered. When
four inches high cut off the tops to
make, the plant stock. Transplant from
July to October. August and Septem
ber plantings generally give the best re
sults and require less labor to handle.
When preparing to plant celery it is
desirable that a trench 6 inches wide
and 6 inches deep be made. In the bot
tom should be put three to four inches
of yard manure which should be worked
into the subsoil. Set the plants six
inepes apart and below the level of
the ground. Press the soil firmly about
the roots and earth up as the season
progresses two or three times. Do not
allow the dirt to get into the crowns of
the plants. If you desire to have the
crqp mature in the late fall, draw the
earth well up to the top as soon as cold
weather comes on and protect with
boards and straw. By this method the
stalks will be blanched perfectly and
the crop may be allowed to stand in the
field until needed. Liberal fertilization
is ve^y esser^tial with this crop. Use
a high-grade garden formula containing
8 per cent of phosphoric acid, 4 per cent
of^nitrogen and 7 to 8 per cent of pot-
asm.
* * *
WHAT TO USE ON PIMPLY LAND.
E. E. C., Lumber city, Ga., writes:
I have seven acres I want to plant in
cotton and fifteen in corn. The land
is pimply with \ stiff clay subsoil.
Please tell me the best grades of fer
tilizer to us© on each and how to mix
them?
calf which is about four months old.
Everything she eats goes through her
like water. I have tried several things
but nothing does any good.
FARM FENCE
41 INCHES HIGH
100 other styles of
Farm, Poultry and
Lawn Fencing direct
from factory at save-the-
dealer’s-profit-pridps. Our
large catalog is free.
‘iUTSELMAN BEOS. Box 45 Mancie, lad
The character of land 'you desire to
cultivate has a retentive subsoil and
therefore will hold any fertilizer ap
plied to it to good advantage. This
land should be broken to a good depth,
and it is very important that you se
cure a fine tilth even though you may
have to work it extensively to attain
this end. We recommend the thor
ough breaking of the soil rather than
the breaking out of the middles and
listing thereon by running around two
or three times with a light plow. We
believe the thorough breaking of the
soil can be done at about as little cost
as where the methods pursued on many
plantations are followed, and where
the ground is thoroughly broken a bet
ter crop is likely to be secured because
of the greater ease with which the
rcots of the crop may penetrate through
it, and the ability of the land to ab
sorb and hold moisture.
On this character of land we would
suggest that you use for cotton about
an 8-3-3. Apply this formula at the
rate of 4(j0 pounds at the time of plant
ing the cotton. The nitrogen should
be derived largely from organic
sources, though some quickly available
material should be used in the mixture.
For corn we would suggest a 10-3.5-4.
It may be advisable for corn to use a
top dressing of nitrate of soda at the
rate of 100 pounds per acre. It should
be applied two weeks before the corn
bunches to tassel; otherwise it may
promote the development of the plant
at the expense of grain.
A good formula for cotton may be
prepared by mixing together 1.(500
pounds of acid phosphate, 300 pounds
of dried blood, 300 pounds of cotton
seed meal, 160 pounds of muriate of
potash and 240 pounds of dry ear^h.
It is not necessary to add the earth.
Divide the formula into three or foui
parts and you will secure the same
proportionate amount of plant food as
if you added enough earth to bring ii
up to 2,000 pounds.
* An excellent formula for corn may
be prepared by mixing together 90
pounds of high grade acid phosphate,
800 pounds of tankage containing not
less than eight per cent of nitrogen
and eleven per cent of phosphoric
acid, with 160 pounds of muriate of
potash and 140 pounds of dry earth.
This mixture will contain approximate
ly 9.2 per cent of available phosphoric
acid, 3.2 per cent of nitrogen and four
per cent of potash.
* * * \
CHRONIC INDIGESTION.
I. T., Oxford, Ga., writes: I have a
cow in bad condition and want your ad
vice. She is a heifer with the first
Your cow i&^evidently suffering from
a violent case of indigestion and this
may be aggravated by the feed you are
giving her. It is important that only
clean, wholesome feed be fed. Musty
or moldy fodder or corn will often pro
duce this condition. You should there
fore change the' feed immediately. We
would first of all suggest that you
give the cow a dose of oil, say about
two to three pints. This has a purga
tive and soothing effect as well, and it
may be necessary to give oil more than
once with an interval of two or three
days. Then give Jamaica ginger as a
tonic for several days, using at first
two ounces and then cutting it dojwn
to one ounce. It is very .important that
you give the cow bran mashes and a
variety of clean wholesome food. Some
bright, clean ha.v will be found very
desirable. As soon as you can secure
auy green feed for her it will be an
advantage. Do not allow the cow to
gorge herself. Sanitary conditions and
the use of wholesome feed with the
suggestions given should enable you to
effect a cure. Some animals you no
doubt know' have a marked tendency to
looseness of th e bowels. This is some
times a hereditary defect and in that
Case no sort of tonic or conditional
treatment will prove effective and it
is best to fatten and sell the animal as
soon as possible. . \ 1
* * *
DESTROYING WARBLES.
S. S. T., Athens, Ala., writes: I would
like to know what to do for my cow.
She has worms or something of the kind
in her back and they have, made knots.
What causes them and what shall' I do
to get rid of them?
Your cow is suffering from what are
known in some localities as wolf in the
back. This is due to the fact that dur
ing the supimbr bot flies often fly about
cattle and lay eggs on parts of the body
which cause them extra discomfort.
These eggs are licked off by the animals
and during the process of swallowing
ar<^ hatched and find their way through
the tissues to the skin on the back.
In thq spring of the year they grow
into large white grubs and little open
ings appear above them. After a while
the grubs can easily b© squeezed out
and should be destroyed. If this work is
carried on systematically the injury of
bot fly can be reduced very much. It
is important that the warbles be
squeezed out, but the work should •not
be undertaken too soon as it may cause
the animal considerable pain. A little
dilute turpentine dropped into the open
ing over th© lump will kill the warbles,
but if too much turpentine is used it
will prove very irritating to the animal
and cause unnecessary suffering
This trottpble is comparatively
easily controlled tty di£genpe on the
part of the farmer. Since the hidefe of
animals attacked by warbles are re
duced in value every effort to eradicate
this pest should be systematically car
ried forward.
* , * *
SORGHUM AS A SILAGE CROP.
R. E. L„ Darlington, Ala., writes:
1 want some information about sor
ghum as silage. I believe it will pay
me to have a silo in beef production
even if I can raise an abundance of
Johnson grass and leguminous hays.
My idea is to use about a half ration
of silage with hay and cotton seed
meal. I am feeding a load of grade
Herefords on hay and oil cake now.
What do yop think of power plows for
plowing? , My land is rolling and T
fear the bearings on a tractor would
wear out fast on that account. I
would appreciate any suggestions
along, this line. I have been Working
^n the winter legume problem for fif
teen years, and as—it means feed and
fertility we cannot know too much
abyut it.
There is no Question about the de
sirability of using sorghum for silage
purposes. Thpre is nothing which en
ters into a ration for beef cattle of
more importance than a good quality
of silage. We have had experience in
feeding beef cattle in several states
and in considerable numbers, and un
questionably the silo is one of the
most important adjuncts on any farm
where beef production is undertaken.
Our plan here at the College of Agri
culture is to. grow corn and sorghum
together for silage. We plant the
sorghum somewhat ahead of the corn
from two to three -weeks. We plant
generally in 3 1 -2-foot rows, two rows
of sorghum and twf rows of corn! We
have found the Cocke’s Prolific one of
the most desirable varieties of corn to
use with Red Head sorghum. The
sorghum has the advantage of retain
ing its juices and standing drought
better, and therefore even if the corn
should be stunted or suffer somewhat
by dry weather, there is enough juice
BRANCH’S GENUINE RATTLESNAKE
WATERMELON SEED
OTlIpB8EST**IN Carefully selected. Kept pure
N UT-TEO STATES forty years. No other variety
1 grown on plantation of 1500 acres.
Pure seed impossible where different kinds are
grown, loz. 15c—2 oz. 25c—4 oz. 40c—£ lb. 60c,
1 lb. $1.00— 5 lbs. $4.50—10 lbs. $8.50 delivered.
Remit registered letter or money order. Send for
Seed Annual. Manual on melon culture with ail
orders. M. I. BRANCH, Bsrzelia, Coiuffibia County, Georgia.
LEDBETTER “ONE SEED’* PLANTER
Plants peanuts, large or small, shelled or unshelled,
aluo cem, cotton, peas, etc., T/ith certainty and regu
larity. Less seed, larger crops. Write for booklet. 832
SOUTHERN PLOW COMPANY. Dallas. Texas
\ J
Like Hungry Wolves, Fill your Nets
Traps or Trot Lines if you bait with
M AGICFINH-tURE.
Best bait ever used for attracting
all kinds of fish. Write for price
list to-day and get a box to help
introduce it. Agents wanted.
J. F. GREGORY,
Dept. 2, St. Louis, Mo.
SEEP SWEET POTATOES
SOUTHERN QUEEN, right size for bedding,
$1.00 per bushel. S. I>. RIEGEL & SONS,
EXPERIMENT, GA.
J-BCP WATCH. RINQ
,1" iftiLE, AND CHAIN
Oar fnliy guaranteed, stem wind and set.
richly engraved watch, proper 6ize; and
brilliant 3-stone ring, are
given FREE to anytfne .
I for selling 20 jewelry f
1 articles at 10c each. \
Order jewelry now: •
when sold send $2.00
end we will send you
watch, ring and handsome chain 1
HOMER W ATCH CO., Dept. 14 CHICAGO j
_ CANT
GETAWAY
WITH IT’
''22.Automatic
RIFLE
iv The rapid, repeat shots which the Winchester
*yr .22 Caliber Automatic Rifle delivers will over-
Y take any animal. You have only to pull the
! trigger for each shot, which enables you to keep the rifle
aimed right on tne object. It operates by its own
recoil and shoots a cartridge that has accuracy
and power. For small game, use the new Hollow
Point cartridge, which upsets upon striking and
delivers a hard, crushing blow. The .22 Auto
matic is very simple, and just ordinary care will
keep it in good order all the time. It is not costly.
Always use Winchester cartridges in Winchester
rifles as they are made for each other.
EXAMINE ONE AT YOUR DEALER'S
HITE CASTOR OIL.
Delicious “Syrup of Figs” best
to cleanse their little
clogged bowels.
Look back at your childhood days.
Remember th e physic that mother in
sisted on—castor oil. calomel, cathar
tics. How you hated them, how you
fought against taking them.
With our children it’s different. The
day of harsh physic js over. We don’t
force the liver and 30 feet of bowels
now; we coax them. We have no
dreaded after effects. Mothers who
cling to the old form of physic simply
don’t realize' what they do. The chil
dren’s revolt is well-founded. Their
little stomachs and tender bowels are
injured by them.
If your child is fretful, peevish, half
sick, stomach sour, breath feverish and
its little system full of cold; has diar
rhoea, sore throat, stomach-ache;
doesn’t eat or' rest we'll—remember—
look at the tongue, if coated, give a
teaspoonful of Syrup of Figs, then
don’t worry, because you surely will
have a well,* smiling child in a Yew
hours. j
Syrup of Figs being composed en
tirely of luscious figs, senna and aro
matics simply cannot be harmful. It
sweetens the stomach, makes the liver
active and thoroughly cleanses the lit
tle one’s' waste-fclogged bowels. In a
few hours all sour bile, undigested fer
menting food and constipated waste
matter gently moves on and out of the
system without griping or nausea.
Directions for 1 children of all ag**s,
also for grown-ups, plainly printed cn
the package. \
By all means get the genuine. Ask
your druggist for the full toamc “Syrup
of Figs and Elixir of Senna’’ prepared
by the California Fig Syrup Co. Ac
cept nothing else.—(Advt.)
EXTENSION WORK REACHES
S OF
in the sorphum to moisten the whole
mass and preserve it in the silo in
ideal condition. Sorghum by itself,
even when allowed to almost mature
before cutting, and this is the practice
to follow, sometimes tends to make a
slightly acid or sour silage. When
mixed with corn this difficulty is over
come. The corn also matures more
grain and thus makes a better bal
anced food for feeding purposes. In
finishing cattle we have found it de
sirable to feed from 30 to 40 pounds
oi f silage, 5 to 10 pounds of mixed
peavine hay or other leguminous hay,
and from 6 to 8 pounds of cotton seed
meal. This is a Maximum ration to
feed to a 1,000-pound animal which
you • desire to finish in the stall. Of
course, one should approach the maxi
mum amount of this ration very grad
ually. In other words, you should
take about three months to get your
cattle on feed and thep about two
months of high feeding' should finish
them. v
We have tried farm tractors on the
college farm for plowing and we
could not recommend them from our
experience. There is much to be done
regarding their improvement before
they become practical. They may do
fairly well on open, level prairie coun
try, where the soil is of a very light
texture, and even there we are some
what doubtful as to its being possible
to turn land over so much cheaper
with them than With heavy Percheron
grade mares. Our experience with
Percheron horses has been very satis
factory. We have recently sold a colt
at six /months of agef rom one of our
Percheron mares for $162.50. The mare
originally cost us about $300. We
hope to enlarge our horse breeding de
partment during the present year.
There is no doubt but that the heavy
type of mare properly handled and su
pervised will do as much work on the
plantation as a mule. She can stand
heavy draft work to better advantage
than ishe mule and she may be made to
drop a colt every year worth from
$150 to $160 at six months of age.
The south undersupplied with power in
the collar, and on lands where the soil
is heavy and rolling, the horse is to be
for. m&ny years the principal source of
motive power. W,e think our experi
ence in this direction puts us in posi
tion to give you first-hand advice rela
tive to this matter.
We are very glad indeedt o know
that you are making such progress in
the cultivation of winter legumes.
Your success in this direction should
be emulated by hundreds of farmers
and no doubt will be in the near fu
ture. As we get rid of the cattle
tick certainly the live stock interests
c*' the south are bound to look up, and
there will be a great, development in
this direction in the next few years.
* * *
PLANT FOOD NEEDED BY SWEET
POTATOES.
E. P. D., Charlotte, N. C., writes: 1 !
would like to know the best formula for
fertilizing sweet potatoes on sandy land
with clay subsoil. Would also like to
know where I could secure a good book :
oi^ the subject of sweet potato culture, j
A very good formula to use under'
sweet potatoes on land of the charac-
ted described in your letter may be pre
pared by mixing together 900 pounds of
high-grade acid phosphate, 500 pounds
of dried fish scrap containing not less
than 8 per .cent of nitrogen and 8 per
cent of phosphoric acid.* 200 pounds of
sulphate of ammonia, and 400 pounds of
high-grade sulphate of potash. This mix
ture will analyze approximately 6.2 per
cent of available phosphoric acid. 4 per
cent of nitrogen and 10 per cent of pot
ash. You will notice that the nitrogen
is derived from two forms, organic and
inorganic. This will result in its becom
ing relatively slowly available through
out the growing season, but with suf
ficient rapidity to meet the needs of a
long season crop like sw r eet potatoes.
Possibly thfs formula may be a trifle
low in phosphoric acid. This may be
overcome by reducing the sulphate by
100 pounds and adding 100 pounds of
gfeid phosphate. Unless your land is ex
tremely sandy, the change would not
be necessary.
One of the best books printed on the
subject of sweet potatoes is by James
Fitz, and is published by the Orange
Judd Co., of New York, N. Y. There
is an excellent chapter on sweet po
tato culture in Southern Farm Crops,
published by the Macmillan Co., New
l r ork. This is a much more general
text, however, but a« an advisory book
for southern farmers is well worth in
vesting in.
Estimated That Millions of
Dollars Are Direct Returns,
Clubs as Evidence
Athens, Ga., March 3.—A summary
of the work which the Georgia State
College of Agriculture has done during
tl\e past year, has just been issued by
President Andrew M. Soule, revealing
some remarkably interesting facts and
figures. The college farm which had
an income of $2,757.24 in 1908, yielded
during the past year an income of $8,-
757.24 and net earnings amounting to
$2,246.36. In 1908 the farm was un
profitable in fact, a leached-out, eroded,
run down farm. In .five years how
ever under scientific methods, it has
been reclaimed and made a paying
proposition.
The college dairy operated by mod
ern methods, brought an income of $5,-
099.44 from a herd of thirty cows and
net earnings of $1,817.60 for the past
year. The herd has been built up from
native cattle mated with pure bred
sires, starting with practically nothing
five years ago.
These two items demonstrate the
practicability of the instruction now be
ing given the 350 students who are
attending the college, 101,701 farmers
of the state reached during the past
year by extension lectures, the 10,000
corn club boys, the 4497 people who
attended the girls’ canning clubs, the
25,000 farmers whose letters of inquiry
have been answered, the 25,000 farmers
reached with bulletins, the 200,000 or
more farmers reached each week
through the weekly papers by use of
an agricultural plate service and others
who have been instructed in various
ways by the college.
The college was re-organized five
years ago. At that time it had prac
tically no equipment and very few
students. At present the property is
worth $40,000, it lias an attendance of
students of 350 with ±,360 instructed
during the five year period. Starting
with a staff of five persons, the col
lege now has forty-four. The facili
ties and equipment are unsurpassed in
tfhe south, but are far from adequate
to meet the requirements of the rap
idly growing student body.
Starting five years ago with no live
stock, the college now has more than
150 head, representing one breed of
horses, two breeds of hogs and three
of cattle. Farm buildings and ani
mals are now valued in excess of $20,-
000.
% Excellent progress has been made
during the year in research work, -such
as developing a breed of cotton highly
resistant to anthracnese, producing a
strain of corn better adapted to up
lands, determining crop systems best
suited to rapid and economical up
building of Georgia soils, testing fer
tilizers with relation to .economic crop
production, determining the deficiencies
of Georgia soils by laboratory and plat
tests, distributing pure-bred live stock,
developing strains of cattle by mating
pure breeds to native stock, etc.: while
good work is being done in poultry hus-
bandry in instructing farmers how to
| market their eggs for better prices, by
I supplying plans and specifications for
I farm buildings, houses, etc., in super
vising forest trees in the state, in pecan,
ifi^uit and vegetable growing, in manu
facturing and distributing hog cholera
serum and disseminating veterinary in
formation, each by the department that
the work indicates, both from the college
and by the extension force in the field.
Bulletins have been issued treating
of the utilization of cotton seed meal,
the application of lime in Georgia, hog
cholera prevention, varieties of cotton,
the corn club work, the girls’ club work
the corn dlub work, th© girls’ club
work and one on outlines of the
extension lectures—a veritable hand
book of useful agricultural in
formation. The demand for these
free bulletins is greater than was ever
known.
* * *
EXTENSION WORK BRJNGS MIL
LIONS TO STATE.
It is estimated that the extension
work alone has brought millions of dol
lars to the state. Concrete illustrations
are afforded by the fact that 100,001
cans of tomatoes were put up by th«
Girls’ Canning clubs during the year,
estimated as being worth $10,000. Ten
thousand Corn Club Boys .produced at
least 400,000 bushelst of corn, which,
valued at $1 per bushel would mean
$400,000, but as a matter of fact it
averaged nearer $2 a bushel as seed
corn. In 1910, 300 boys averaged 45
bushels to the acre. In 1911 1,000 boys
averaged 54 bushels per acre. In 1912,
2,500 boys averaged 60 bushels per acre
under adverse weather conditions. As
many as 72 boys produced an average of
215 bushels per acre at a cost of not
more than 30 cents per bushel. At least
100,000 farmers have been influenced
by the improved methods introduced
through the clubs. Hon. M. L. Brittain,
superintendent of state schools, says
that the schools have been benefited be
taking up the club work.
Beginning with this year, the Farm
ers’ Co-operative demonstration work
has beeii correlated with the work of the
college and is inaugurating a farm cam
paign destined to materially assist in
revolutionizing agriculture in th© state.
Big Yields of
Fruit
Call for extensive cultivation, thorough spraying and
heavy fertilization. To increase the quantity and qual
ity of your yield per acre, apply
Y irginia-Car olina
High-Grade
Fertilizers
at the rate of ten or fifteen pounds per tree, spread well
around the tree and worked thoroughly into the soil
over the rpots. ,
Our 1913 FARMERS’ YEAR BOOK or almanac tells
how you may increase your profits per acre $50 or more
with Yirginia-Carolina Fertilizers, and proper, careful,
thorough cultivation. Copy free on request.
Virginia-Carolina
Chemical Co.
Box 1117
RICHMOND - VIRGINIA
2A
Sunbeam Cotton Seed,
Resistant To Anthracnose,
frpm cotton producing hale to acre. Thin wonderful cotton originated and perfected by
Prof. R. J. H. DeLoach of the State College. It is curly, prolific, big boll, yielding high
in lint. My stock secured from State College. Can furnish carefully selected seed, giufied
on private gin at $1.50 per bushel. 10 bushels, $1.25. 20 bushels or more $1.00 per bu.
Prices F. 0. B., Meda, Ga. JOHN T. DENNIS, Jr., Elborton, Ga.
FERTILIZER FACTS No. 3
BACK TO THE SOIL
The press and the public have had much to say
about the return to the farm. And well they may.
In the language of the old song: “The farmer is the
man who feeds us all.” The soil is the source of all
wealth. Without agriculture there can be no true
and lasting riches. Any increase In the world’s
wealth must have its origin on the farm, in the land.
To get the largest yield at the least cost is the ef
fort of today. This is shown by the great interest
and wonderful results of the Boys’ Corn Clubs the
country over.
Anything that will increase the yield per acre is a
benefaction. The man or set of men who bring this
about are benefactors.
According to the Manufacturers’ Record: “It ia
doubtful if any other country in the world ever
made as much money in agricultural operations as
the South made from the early part of the nineteenth
century to 1860, of course, in the proportion to the
population.” It was during this period the farm lands
of the South were virgin and rich in those elements
so necessary to plant life.
The next great increase shown in the agricultural
wealth and general prosperity was during the pe
riod between 1899 and 1909, when the value of twen
ty leading crops of the South increased from $901,-
017,000 to $1,710,541,000, a gain of 87.9%. During
these ten years the use of fertilizers, to return to the
soil those elements So necessary tp plant life, and
which had been exhausted, was increased from
1,368,000 tons in 1899 to 3,144,000 tons in 1909.
'No means is at the farmer’s hand which would
equal that of proper fertilization, for increasing the
output of his land and his own profit.
Liebig, the German chemist, sixty years ago,
showed that every growing crop removed from the
soil, in varying quantities, the three essential chem
ical substances, so necessary to plant life—Nitrogen
(ammoniates), Phosphoric Acid, and Potash—and,
unless restored to the soil in equal quantity, the land
would be impoverished.
This fact is now recognized in Germany and
France as a basis of rental values. Before the lease
is signed, the soli of the farm about to be rented is
analyzed and the tenant agrees to pay for all plant
food withdrawn from the soil, during his lease, and
not replaced, as shown by a subsequent analysis at
the time that he gives Cip the farm. And, in return,
the landlord agrees to repay the tenant for any plant
food in the soil in excess of what was there when
the tenant leased the farm.
To furnish these elements of Nitrogen, Phosphoric
Acid, and Potash, best found in commercial fertili
zers, the manufacturers search the ends of tho earth.
The Potash salts are brought from Germany; Nitrate
of Soda from the rainless plains of Chili; bird excre
tions from the islands of the sea; sulphate of ammo
nia from England and Germany; dried blood from
Argentine; and bones from India, by the thousands
of tons.
So great has been the demand and wonderful the
success through the use of commercial fertilizer*
that sources of supply, of these all-essential ele
ments, near homey are being developed. Millions of
tons of phosphate rock are annually mined in Flor
ida and Tennessee, The cotton oil mills-of the South
and slaughter houses of the West contribute a large
quota of the ammoniates now used and even Niagara,
the wonderful, has been harnessed to catch nitrogen
from tho air.
The manufacturers are spending million* to make
commercial fertilizers available and at a low cost
for the benefit of the coneumer of today, who real
izes, more tharr ever, that fertilizer costs less than
labor.
It is through the Intelligent selection and generous
application of fertilizer that the maximum yield per
acre is secured at a minimum cost per unit of meas
urement. ,
The fertilizer manufacturers are at the head of the ■
movement .which has • as its. slogan the subject
of this talk: “Back to the Soil,” for they are causing
to be, put back Into the soil, that which'causes the
farmer to get maximum yield from his soil, at the
minimum expense.
Write for Bulletin, sent free on request.
SOIL IMPROVEMENT COMMITTEE
Southern Fertilizer Association, Atlanta, Ga.
FARMERS’ INSTITUTE
HELD AT CEDART0WN
(Special Dispatch to The Journal.)
CEDARTOWN, Ga., Feb. ig.—An in-
teresting and highly instructive farm
institute has just closed here after a
two days’ well attended series of lec
tures and demonstration work. The
work is in accordance with the Exten
sion Agricultural school. Among the
lecturers were:
Profs. A. H. Soule. G. W. Firor, J.
P. Campbell, L._ E. Rast, M. P. Jarna-
gin and Dr. W. M. Burson, of the Geor
gia State College of Agriculture, and
Mr. George E. Benedict, president Polk
County Farmers' Institute organization:
Dr. William Bradford, assistant in
charge of Boys’ Corn club, and W. O.
Cornelius, district agent, all from Ce-
dartown.
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