State press. (Macon, Ga.) 1857-18??, February 18, 1858, Image 2

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State press., February 18, 1858, Image 2

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Newspaper Page TextState GA. Thursday, February 18,1858. THE LECOMPTON CONSTITUTION Stiie r.aw surmised, that, notwithstanding the smecess uf.tbe Black Republicans!® jnwlimbui ry mfltiom- u> the House, a Bill will p.*i" nt the . present scsbuh. .-admitting Kansas w ith the Le compton Con 4it lit mui. The Senate Committee So which the subject has been referred will re qiort promptly sneh nn Act, and it is conjectured That the administration is sufficiently strong in the House to secure its passage in the latter bods’. The reason for this'Opinion is two-fold, qlst.) Jt is said tlnit mow than one Northern Democratshi> was unwilling to vote against the propositiomto appoint an in vestigating com mittee, will summon sufficient resolution to vote in the affirmative when rile naked ques tion of admission .is presented : and (2d.), that whereas Gen Undliwin. to whom was delegated the duty-of receiving the returns at the late Kansas elections, has decided that the Free State men 'nave been triumphant, the North will abate -aomewlutt the virulence of its oppo sition, anfl.-satisfied with the possession of the plunder, concede to the South the honornf a barren victory. The tfanatitiition abet descfibesifiisiisan ‘empty triumph.” and in some sense, the designation is just. The re sult would no doubt be that of every legislative struggle in winch we have lieen engaged—that is, the South would gain the prineiple while it lost the laid). Nevertheless, it would be a triumph eflaw nvenubellion, and of order over anarchy—-and as such, not liglifly tolie regard ed. We may well ’rejoice if the period be de ferred, even for a short time, vvdren all the forms of Inw sTnfll ibcttrnmjfied mmler foot by •nn American Congress. But on the other hand, supposing that we gain not even tfhe prtnr//>7c—supposing that Kansas shall be refused admission with the , Lecompton OinHfrtittiim— supposing this, what then I The Third DWolution of the Georgia Plat form—which, Uv The way, is the only plank of that somewTuit elaborate structure which Mias not rotted out of existence and out of ntffird—|*rovi£les that in case Congress shall reject anv State applying for admission into the Union. because of the recognition of do tmestic slavery in the Constitution thereof, it wluffi lit held a sufficient cause for disrupting, ererg fir irherh hindt to the Fnion. That Is the position of ‘Georgia, nod most, if not all of the Southern Stales, following our lend, have pledged themselves to the same course of ■ Ml ion. Very well. Kansas now applies for admis sion iato the Union. She lias complied with id) the forms of law ; she has satisfied nil the requirements of the Constitution and the or ganic act ; she stands knocking at the door, praying to be admitted. If she is rejected, it . will be for no other reason under Heaven than that slavery is recognised in her Constitution. Every body knows that the other objection' are hypocritical mere shams and pretexts — and that the secret of all this opposition to the Lecompton Constitution is nothing more nor less than a rooted hostility on the part of the North to the admission of another slave State. This is so plajy, that the Southern man who denies it may safely be assumed to be a block head, or something worse. Eor aught any ofu* know, then, the alterna tive of the Georgia Platform may be upon ns in a month —in a week—-in a day. Are we ready for it ? Remember, it is the “Gf.oiigia" plat form. How many Georgians will creep under it. and dodge around it, and skulk it ?-- Bow many are ready to take their stand on it. fairly and squarely,’ resolute to maintain it a gain.’t all odds, and to the last extremity ? Perhaps, these questions will have to be an swered within the next ten days. SPEECH OF MR. TOOMBS. We regret that a pressure upon our columns compels us to postpone the publication of the speech, lately delivered by Mr. Toomiis, in the Senate, on the subject ot the Lecompton ( onsti tution. It is, in every respect, a model speech. Terse and to the point, and yet not more concise than clear —every sentence containing an argu ment, anil every argument suggesting another —this speech has proven tons that logic has no need to borrow the ornaments of rhetoric to make itself presentable, and that it is possible to be eloquent w ithout a resort to t he passions. It was elicited by an assault upon the late Mes sage of President Bi ciiaxax, and is a trium phant vindication of the policy recommended in that admirable* State piqx-r— presenting an impenetrable' array of facts and arguments, against which tlic Black Republican ehampions * may dash thennelves forever, w ithout making the slightest impression. TERRITORY OF ARIZONA. It* Capacity for Cotton Growing. Ton, the Washington Correspondent of the Baltimore Spn, says, there are strong indica tions of an intention to transfer the Kansas struggle to Arizotuu There is a better chance for the establishment of slavery in the latter than there ever was in the former territory. The entire territory of the United States, and all that is to be acquired in addition to it. is thrown open by the Kansas Nebraska act to competition between the North mid the South. As Arizona is a cotton growing, as well as a mineral region, slave labor may lie beneficial ly employed in it. An<L accMl’ding to the Washington .'dob's, from various quarters a movement has already commenced towards Arizona. by the southern people, and it cannot fail to be a very impor tant movement for the South. People from Texas and from amrthern California have al ready a foothold in Arizona. and it remains ; for Congress, in pursuance of the recommenda tion of the President, to extend over it a Ter ritorial government. and to grant the petition of the inhabitants for military protection from the incursions of the hostile Indians. This pe- | tition U for mounted men, and is signed by , more than a thousand of the inhabitants of the Territory. Having been disappointed in getting our usual supply of paper to-day, we are com ]>elled to use a size rather too large for our ( “form," which gives the Puess the awkward appearance of a man with a Shanghai coat. Next week, we hope “Richard will Ik- himself again." Read Mr. Nathan Wkl.u’o new adver tisement in to-day'» paper. His prices for Hardware, die., will be found very low, and his stock large nnd complete. You may rely upon what he sayn in Lis card, [fok the state iuikss.] ; i TO IHI PEOPLE OF GEORGIA. Fellow- fitu< !H : lla* ing a little leisure, I mid feeling, with the most of you. that we have i been wronged, and have suft'ered great loss by the Banks, both now and heretofore, and that the evil is not temporary, but is inherent in ti e system and cannot be avoided hereafter, but must recur periodically until Banks of is- , sue are abolished. I beg your attention to a few brief reasons for this opinion. And the , rather because there is now no political ques tion to mix up with this. It addresses itself to I all parties, and is simply a question of right and a rung, protit mid loss and equal rights. I , have never held political office, never wish nor , intend to. and therefore 1 cannot address you , bv bimcomla* qrcechc- from Congee" oc the 1 , . State Legislature; and so take this mure mud- I est way of a talk through the “Press,” uj«c a ( question that deeply involves your intercs. and t that of your posterity. lam anxious also to , vindicate those faithful public servants. I resi- ] dent Buchanan mid Governor Brown, from the . unjust aspersion cast upon them, because they . , charged the Bank' with doing us wrong and ; , recommended that such wrongs should lie pre- ; vented in future. My remarks shall not pat- . 1 take of like slanders upon the Bank advocates, ' , nor vet will 1 discuss the wisdom, or folly of 11 the Legt-latiirc of Georgia, in its late session, 1 touching Bank legislation. Nor undertake to ' prove mathematically, the exact proportion ot 1 , knaves, w ise men and fools, composing that | ’ legislature; nor whether there were any of | either. My purpose is rather to prove to you 1 I 1 that the evils under which we groan, are not ■ I confined to Georgia, but are inherent in the . 1 banking system, and pervade not only the j i United States, but Great Britain, where the sys- 1 tern first originated. i I I ha»Rv a.vd prove to you. that these evils , ' me real and not imaginary, that yon do not tear I but feel them. The Banks tell us that the < suspension does not hurt ns, tortheir Bills will pav our debts. 1 his is a gross insult to every ■ . man of sense. Is it nothing to the man ofpro -1 party, that the profits of his estate arc lessened 1 1 more or less, sometimes one-half, owing to the 1 interruption and distress of Commerce, by the 1 contraction of the circulating medium ; casting I a gloom mid blight over the markets ot the I world, and crushing into bankruptcy the men I | of enteqirise, who kept up the hie of those < markets; Is it nothing, that the earthquake 1 shakes to its foundation, the Factory that spins ; vonr Cotton, emising it to consume one-halt I less, because the million poor cannot afford to ' buy its cloth I Is it nothing, that your debts were eoiitrneted vv heli their bills had inflated ' the currency, and that now, when they shut I like an oyster, and withdraw their bills, mak ! ing money scarce, it takes vastly more labor I and property to pay thosedebts, than it did when , 1 they were contracted ? Have not those debts ’ increased intrinsically in amount, while their 1 1 bill' have decreased in value ? But if the man 1 I of property is in debt mid finds his profits thus 1 reduced in value, or the mechanic who depends ’ upon his daily labor for his daily bread, but is now out of employ meat, how are you going to get those bills they speak of to pay your debts ( The next time, my friend', they tell you their bills will pay your debts, just say to them, we will accept a few hundred, us better than no money. Do you think they will help you? Again, say to them, I see in Illinois, and along the Ohio river, by the papers, that corn is selling ' at ten and fifteen cents by the bushel, flour at i four dollars per barrel, and pork at three and j four cents per pound, anil other necessaries in proportion; we are unable to buy such things at the prices they sell at here, and so several ot us have made a common fund, mid one of us is to go West and lay in a supply for all, but these bills of yours an- of no account over I there among the Suckers, please take them 1 anil let us have the gold, that is current all over the world. And as you promised to do so “on demand," we demand it. Does it sat i isfv you to bo told that you are hostile to 1 Bunks, that the word, "on demand,’’ means ' that they will pay you, not gold, but old linen shirts mid chi iniscs ground line, with pictures on them; mid that that will pay your debts ? And j if you complain of being w ronged and insulted. is it fair, is it honorable, for those who have wronged you, to denounce you, and all who take your part, as “ low demagogues,” who are trying to mislead the people and induce them to believe that paper is not gold, so as to break tlte Banks, and make business for the lawyers? . But my present pnrpose is not so much to remind you of vv hat w e have sutfereil, mid are sutfering from the banking sy stem, as to show vou that the sy stem lias been diseased from the beginning. That it commenced with the lep ronsy—that no quackery can effect a cure. Nothing but amputation will do—cutting away the ptqier i"iies, leaving the Banks what they were originally, Banks of loan and deposit, j Money being the measure of prices, everybody ! must see that prices must contract or expand. ' as that measure is lengthened or shortened. Tact is. when money is abundant, prices of la bor and property will rule high; when it is scarce, priceswill rule low. It is obvious then to the meanest eapaeity that any institution or 1 company of men. possessing the power ot lengthening or shortening that measure at will, wields a power more fearful and despotic than any monarch in Europe, out of Russia and Tur key. And yet Banks possess that power.— And in addition to that, they hold the tremen dous pregrogative. which no monarch enjoy s, of annihilating, burning to dust and ashes in twenty-four hours, hundreds of millions of the i circulating medium of the country , w ithout re placing it with any equivolent, and constantly exercise this prerogative; sometimes more and I sometimes less. Is it strange, or to be wonder- I I ed at that any country, fostering suchasys teni, is constantly convulsed with panics, that their commerce is subject to spasms, often pa -1 ralyzing its limbs, that property and labor are never safe, but are ever 011 the lookout for the approach of the Bedouins, like the watchmen on the towers of Damascus? Is it strange that j corruption and dishonor are tound among the i , Commercial men of Englund and America. ' that speculators mid blackleg stoek-jvhlw-rs have risen to the top of Society, anil disgraced ■ the halls of legislation by o[>eii and shameless j bribery ? Every thinking num must see that i the banking and railroad system and stockmnr -1 ket, is the fat soil that genders all these niuk and poisonous weeds, which cannot fail, if not reformed, to suun choke out liberty itself. It would not so much concern you and me, 1 if these speculators were the sole sufferers; hut 1 they continue to throw the loss chiefly on the poor, mid men of moderate means, the planter, the farmer, the laborer, and the pro ! fessional man. w bile the most of them escape with their ill gotten gains. Lit us instance one out of many n ils, that attend such a sys- ‘ tern, of inflation ami contraction, ot pressure and bursting. Tou contract u debt ot one thou sand dollars, w lien paper money is on a swell— you me confident your cotton crop will just alKiut pay it. It. the menu time comes a paper panic, commerce is paraly zed, and bank specu lators put their helm “hard a port:" cotton goes down, and it take* two crops instead of one to pav your debt. This lias thrown you so much out of your reckoning, that you are compelled to contract other debts to bring thing' straight, mid find y ourself actually much poorer, than when you contracted the first debt. Again, ca'i-s like this have often happened. A man owns a negro woman—her husband is advertised to la- sold at Administrator's sale, when paper mom y is flush—the owner of the girl feels sure h’- can raise the amount on twelve months credit, and so bid' in the boy. In the meantime them eomes a Bank monsoon, and the jaior man has to sell both slaves, to pay for one, leaving liis family di-'titute ot any help. He goes to the Bank where money is made, ami ask*fiir some, but is told that they have sus pended. but their bills will pay his debt. Thus all classes suffer more or less, and most of nil the poor man, w ho is depriv ed of employment, and whose family depend upon Ids daily labor for support. Ev cry sensible man iiiu- t see, that nothing of this could occur if Banks were only Banks of Join and deposit, ami our money was money, instead of fragments of old shirts.— There wduld not, there could not be. a general panic to induce Hauks to call in a specie circu lation. And if they did in some cases compel tln-ir delitois* to pay up, they could not burn the money they have thus called in, nor hoard it up. Hwy must put it again immediately in to circulation to save the interest. So that there would remain constantly in circulation, about the same amount of money bating the inconsiderable variations of foreign ex change, and the ini-reusing wants of society.— This would keep things steady ; a condition which all but speculators devoutly pray for.— Then every honest man would feel sure, that his success or failure in life, his profit or loss, must depend upon himself. Tluit no man else had power to ruin him, and starve his children. The Banks, too, would be safe. How could there then be a run upon them, if they acted honestly? /There would be nothing to run with, except certificates of deposit, mid they can hurt no honest man. But let us see how tin- system works on a larger scale. President Buchanan says that we have fourteen hundred Banks, and that they have issued seven for one on their capi tal. I think two hundred thousand dollars a fair average for their capital. 1 have not his message before me to see tile amount at wliieh he estimates it. Be it more or less, it does not change the principle. IVell mine would give one billon nine hundred and sixty millions of bills out at the beginning of the panic. Put the estimate one halt less and it gives nine hundred and sixty millions. Os this vast sum, more than one half is made up of illegal over issues; that is they have issued seven bills to one dollar of their specie capital : the legal rule being three to one. This would give one billion and one hundred and twenty millions of over issues, on my first istimnte. and live hundred and sixty million' on the second. - These vast sums the Banks, if they are eitlur prudent or holiest, have been redm-iog during the panic, by hundreds of thousands, calling in their issues, and burning the whole of this amount of illegal overissues. Nay more, they have the legal right to their bills, and commit’the whole to the flames, reducing a circulating medium of billions, to dust and ashes in a minute of time, mid then pack up their little lot of specie, and send it out of the country whenever and wherevi-r they can make a speculation by doing so. leaving a great na tion without any adequate money standard!— Can any people be called free who willingly commit themselves to such a fearf-il power?— It is no answer to say, that they will not exer cise their power to that extent. No free people ever commit ted a dangerous |Hiwer. vv hieh ought never to be exercised, to any body ,-aint or sinner. Would you authorize hy law, Christian minis ters to sell your children into slavery at their discretion, because it is not likely they will ever exercise the right ? But is it true that the Banks never exercise this fearful power t So far from it. neither the present panic, or any other that ever occurred, has been caused by any thing else. It is this immense over issue, causing bank speculators, and stock gamblers to run mad, and cause honest men to partake of their nindni 's, until they have raised a cred it castle to a height that causes it to topple dow n mid crash us. And having laid away a supply 1 for themselves, they cry, "save himself who 1 ean,” and shut their gates, mid call in their il legal issue'. Or if their vaults.ire already emp ty, they too run, leaving us. either crying or I looking supremely silly. The bank fools or knaves I neither know nor care which, in mid out of Congress, ridi t cule Mr. Buchanan, because he has to borrow, or issue Treasury notes. * 1 s >0:1 after boasting of a specie paying sub-Treasury, as a model for the States. Now who does not know, that the Banks have caused all this distress mid embar rassment to the government. a< well as to the rest of Us. The Bank inflation m. I eoutraetion. and stock jobbing operations, both in England . and America, caused the panic, mid thus crip pled commerce, and suddenly stopped more than one half of our imports, on which we re ly for revenue, to fill the Treasury , -o that the Treasury was not distressed by bad money, as it often had been before Gen. Jackson’s time, but for lack of the usual supply. This rid icule of Mr. Buchanmi by the Banks and their I friends, is a most brazen and shameless piece of effrontery, seeing they are the very parties who have brought this embarrassment upon ■ him. It is but the old Jackson mid Biddle • drama re-inucted. Jackson says to the people ot the United States. -‘ the Bunk is a most dan gerous engine. you mid your property are at its mercy, nay it assaults yum' liberty, it dares , to come hero in open day, and bribe and buy members of Congress! by the Eternal! stand ! by 111.’, mi l I will throttle the monster, and ■ leave you mid your i-hildren free,” Biddle, looking like injured innocence on a stool or pa tience on its mother's grave, whisper* to his inquisitors in the execution room, “turn the thumbscrews hard up." Thou u*ho *il» mourn fully dow 11 by Senators Clay and Crittenden, and hands them q list of the w idow s and or dhans that are stockholders in bis Bank, lie re marks, that tin' Bank is exce-dingly mixious to reliuve the distress of the country, but that so Iqngas the President continue' this war. nothing can. be done. Clay, w ith liy poeritical sadness on his face, ri-es mid rend' his iufmnou'resolu tion of censure, and a bought up Senate par takes of the infamy by passing it. Ch.’.rging all the embarrassment of the govern merit, mid distress of tin- people, upon the President, act ing without authority of law. Thus it is ever the friends of the people west sutler persecu tion. The history of bmiking is as old ns commerce, but in Kuropu it grew up with that marvellous little Republic, Venice, in the middle age. Yet there were no Intuke nJ iwoze until England, for the express purpose of strengthening the throne, mid the aristocracy, established the bank of England in Iti'JT. which, in two years, stop ped mid called for help. It staggered along like a galvanized corpse for many veal's, up mid down, until Pnrliiimeiit. tired of applying the galvanic battery to keep it on its legs, made it ' essentially a government Bank, giving it all their funds, making it payer ot" all the public , stocks, and allow ing it to suspend in times of ' difficulty. So that it has been known to sus pend for more than twenty eoii'CCiitive years at a time ; mid for many past years, its notes for over five pounds, me imide by net of Par liament a legal tender. Mr. Palmer, mi eminent banker. t> stifled be fore a committee of Parliument on the last re newal of the charter, that the Bank had be- 1 come nothing but a government Bank. That. ; merchants did their business chiefly with 1 private bankers; that they could obtain there mu h better terms than with the Government Banks. On the establishment of this great , Bank, many hundreds of private Banks sprung up, mid since then many joint stock Banks, of which the American Banks are only copies ; These Banks have covered England with many millions of paper bills, driving the specie out of the country, so that the Bank of England lias applied repeatedly to the Bank of France for loans. But the most remarkable feature of the • tovk mid banking system of England is. that it makes up th clinks of the great chain, that binds the Eii'dish people to the throne of Monarchy. No mathematical proposition is more true, than that the public debt of England, divided, mid sulalivided into stock shares, isa public bles sing, not to the people, but to the Government of England. No town, no neighborhood, no nook nor corner can be found in tin* three K ing doms where all or nearly all the men and women of any property, do not own more or less stock, the value of which depends upon the public peace. la*t there lie an ahirm of a mob or a rebellion, in any part of the King dom, and every stockholder is ready armed to seize or put to death his piairer chartist neigh bor. should lie manifest a sympathy for his struggling countrymen. No power on earth, no standing army in Europe, not the eight himdted thousand of Russia, or the half million of France, give the throne of their masters hull the security, that do the stocks of England.— Their owners are under l*mds to keep the peace ; and their wives and little ones are hostages to the govermiicnt, that their hus bands and fathers shall be a loyal police. , But how Ims this state of things been brought about? Mainly by the speculating spirit gen dered by the bmiking system, swelling out the the circulation like a sheet to-day, mid tighten ing it like n drumhead to-morrow ; creating alternately, confidence mid panic, sweats and chills, in comm *rce. The speculators always ' calling out richer, and the go.ls sinking down among th * fmiii-hing millions lower and lower. Th.* London Gazette lul' not been without a ! notice of commissions of Bankrupt y, against some defaulting banker, for the l.i t hundred years; mid olten several ata time. Mr. Macul . loch states that between IStl'.l and I'CIO two hundred and ninety t'.ireesu *!i cmnini'sion, is sued making about fo.irteen a year. I attended t!ie d ebates in Parliament, upon the great eharti't rebellion in ISJ'.I. and heard the eliarti't defenders depict the causes, that have rendered the great gulf that yawns between the English nobility and the English poor so horridly l ottomlc'S. Iho view that Dives had of Abraham's bosom caused not his heart to sink within him with more of utter despair, than that vouchsafed to England's poor, as they looked into the yawning chasm, that bankers and stock-jobbers have dug. between them and the lordly nabobs. They declared that that ■1 rebellion-was the result of intolerable woes, brought upon the poor of England by the Banks mid joint stock companies. That the Banks had suspended, and the stocks had fallen, throw -1 ' ing hundreds of thousands out of employment, and dooming them to beggarv ami death. And it was shown that thousands had actually died of starvation, in one year during that panic * mid suspension. And it was asserted that such disasters had oeeurre 1 at sueoes.'ivc pe riods. ever since paper had taken the place of specie. English writers on Banks mid finance have sought in va n a remedy for such disas ters, mid like true quacks have suppose.! a rot ten limb may be healed. Mr. Maeiilloch. the j ablest, es them ail, in the first c l.tion of his es say on Banks and banking, after a Imitting j that to require Banks to make monthly and quarterly showings to th * public, lull proved, not only a failure, but a cheat, ami that the ex amination of the Bank books by commissioners appointed by Parliument, ha 1 turn • I oat a I farce, as it was found that fraudulent parties were pretty apt to keep fraudulent books, ( well all this failing wh.it is his next rem • ly : ) why, lie would m ike all b inkers give s. mrity for their issues, aft r tho Ne v York plan or rather the origin of the New York scheme. This he is sure will do. Well, did it ? Let the un happy Mr. M.i nil > *’i answer in his ownwords. In the next edition of his work, hear him.— “We have elsewhere endeavored to show that "parties issuing notes ought to in nil cases be “obliged to give security for their issues, but "furtlier erperienre and reflection have satisfied “us, this though a va-t improvement on the ex "isting system, would not !k> enough.” Well if that fails, what next? Why, he don't, know, but looks hopefully to the sham trick sters in Parliam mt, who from time to time, ' when the white slaves dank their chains and cry out, appoint a committee to throw sand in their eyes to keep them quiet, seeing that nine tenthsof the members in Parliament own stock, and all thejudges and magistrates of the Em I plre. ' i Well, after looking into that .school of virtue, a legislative committee ro >m. hear honest Mr. Maeulloch’s struggle with his doubts. “We are doubly hostile to a proposition we have heard mooted, and which seems to be cuunte- 1 nancevl by the committee, for obliging all Banks to establish a guiraitee fund; that is, for obliging them to a.* iniulate a portion of their profit'for reserved stuck; but where is the security that such re-s’eve will always Ik* 1 deducted from the profit-? The truth is. that the bankrupt and riu "bdent eonrernt. and none else, would gain by such a regulation, in- * asinuch a- it. would enable them, by appearing ■ to be prosperous, the better to dereire the pub- lie, mill to blind them in to the real state of their affairs. It is plainly worse than absurd, to depend on guarantees that cannot be en forced, nnd which, consequently, must be good for nothing. The knowledge of who the part ners (stockholders) are in a Bank, and their un limited responsibility, are the only securities, speakinggenerully. that are g >o 1 for anything. If these cannot protect the public from fraud . and lom. nothing else will, and the question will eometoba, not whether the system should ' be reformed, but whether it ouyht to br entirely abolishedf Bravely spoken. Mr. Maculloch, so the thing is settled, they must die. you being I their judge and doctor. We in Ainurica have ! tried, thorongoly tried, this your last medicine. We have made the stockholders liable, as you recommended in 1888, and it has proved a worse cheat than nny .of your previous nos trums. It. induced the people to believe they had them fast, and so they confided in them, w hereby they have met a double swindle, in the loss of their money nnd a ruinous litigation, to try to enforce your guarantee. And of course, only your last remedy remains—abol ish the system. In England, this last remedy ' can never be enforced. The terrible chain of I Banks and stocks being riveted to the throne atoneend. and around the necks of the peo ple at the other, sunder it and the throne top ples down. But in this country, fellow-citi- i zens, we hope the chain is not yet too strong ly riveted to be broken, we hope that now 1 you see mid feel your folly, or rather the folly i of your legislators, in departing from the wis dom of tlie fathers of the Republic ; upon this subject, you will retrace your steps. You find written in the Constitution by those sages, ! i “No State shall emit bills of credit, nor make . anything but gold and silver coin a tender in ’ payment of debts.’ - Those great and wise men. ’ while they were tinier the Brittisli govern ■ ment, had s.- -i an I felt the c irrupting tenden- | 1 cy, and tiranieal power of Banks of issue.— They had seen that in every crash an I convul- 1 sion. caused by the English paper system, spec- , ulators and stockjobbers were enriched, while the people sunk, at each earthquake, one stage lower down the descending scale of slavery.— ! Hence that caution in the Constitution. But there were among them a host, of men of giant intellect, who were avowed advocates of mon archy. They were for a government after the British model, with King, Lords and Com mons. Alexander Hamilton was at the head of this party. Having great mfluonce with Washington, he strove hard to persuade him to join them and establish a m mnre'iy. Bit the reply of that great m m invariably v as, “ 1 confess I have my doubts of the su • ss of a Republic, 1 fear the capacity of the p • >ph». trained under despotism, to s‘i-tii:i self gov ernment. Oar plan is a new un i hitherto un tried exp.'rimant, but the people shall try that experiment, they shall have a chance to hr fr< These fearful farts are developed by the then ' secret debates of the times. Defeated in his favorite schema of a monarchy. Hamilton ad dressed himself to the adoption of all such measures as would tend to th’.t result, to every measure that would make a strong govern- * ment. as he and the Federalists termed it ; but with a covert design to overthrow the Repub lic, nnd establish a monarchy in its steal. — ' Hence, ill an evil hoar, they per-ua led Wash ington to saaetimi the charter ot the Bank of the I’niteil States, after days of painful doubt and deliberation. This act was not in direct ! condict with any provision of the Constitution. I His ditii'-ulty was, that it was a dm.gerous ex- , ereise of a power not granted. But had he been ‘ a-ked to sanction State Banks of issue, his pure mind would have recoiled with horror, at ; a proposition to violate an express constitu tional prohibition. Yet now. the country is flooded with State bills, issuing from fourteen 1 hundred shops, and what is the result I A , more rapid descent from a high standard of virtue, into the pestiferous sinks of corruption, than any people ever made before ; and specula tors and blacklegs supersede men ot honor and virtue in the halls of legislation, and shamelessly and openly sell their votes to the highest bid der; while you and I nnd other humble citi zens, hold our property very much at their mercy. So far as we in Georgia are concerned, you have the remedy in your own hands. Direct your members t > th? next legislature to pass a law, submitting the question to the people, j ‘Banks’ or ’no Banks.' If no Bank- has it. amend j your Constitution, prohibiting any new chart ers, or renewing of old ones, and the clreula- I tion of paper money within the State, after a i fixed period. Do this, and neither you nor j vour posterity will ever see more, a panic or the frightful ghost of Bank suspension. TROUP. Presses friendly to the people please copy. BUDY SNATCHING IN SAVANNAH. We notice in late Savannah papers, sundry I allusions to the disinterment of bodies from I ; the cemetery in that city. Can it be possible, as is intimated, that the Council of Savannah are so indifferent upon the subject, that they i I refuse to take any steps to protect the graves I 1 of their citizens from spoliation—or to bring to punishment the authors of such an outrage? Yet so it would appear, from the following : communication in the “Georgian." [cornu XII vted. | “ Weep not for him who dieth— For he sleeps and is at rest. And the couch whereon he lictli, Is the green earth's quiet breast.” Mb. Editor:—What citizen of Savannah can now return home, after paying the last sad tribute to a departed relative or friend and feel satisfied that ‘■—the conch where he lieth. Is the green earth's quiet breast ?” The sacred grounds of Laurel Grove have been invaded; the desecrating hands ot the resurrectionist have been laid on the mortal re mains of one of our citizens, and the t ity Coun cil ha» to not ioned the act by refusing to pay the reward ottered for the recovery of the body. To the honor of the energetic Chairman of the Health and Cemetery Committee, bo it said that he paid it out of hit awn pocket. Security forthe future demands a rigid examination of ( this affair, as to who the vile perpetrators of the deed are. and by whom they are employed. Let strict justice lie meted out to all concerned, whvercr they may be. Council should otter a - reward of one hundred dollars forthe apprehension, with proof to convict, of any one concerned in such work. CITIZEN. “uwr We hope that no one will l>e detered by its | length from reading the communication over j the above signature. It is full of interesting ' matter on a subject of the greatest importance to the jieople. In it many plain truths are set | forth « ith logical exactness, in the most forci ble language. It is the production of a citizen : distinguished for hi- learning and talents, and 1 will well pay for perusal. ! [roil THE STATE I'IIESS. | THE THEATRE AS A PUBLIC AMUSEMENT. “It is certain that if we look all round us and be hold the different employments of mankind, you hardly see one who is not. as the player is, in an as sumed Character. The lawyer who is rehement and loud in the cause wherein he know- be lias not the truth of the question on his aide, is a player us to the pers mated part, but incomparably meaner than he ns to the prostitution of himself lor hire : because the pleader's falsehood introduces injustice; the I ■ player feigns for nd other end but to divert or instruct , | you. The divine whose passions transport him to i any thing with any view but promoting the interests , of true piety and religion is u player with a still great i er imputation of guilt, in proportion to liisdepreeia i ting a character more sacred. Consider all the dis ; ferent pursuits and employments of men, and you will tind half their actions tend to nothing else but dis guise and imposture ; and all that is done which pro ceeds not from a man's very self is the action of a player.’’ “ The Spectator,” Messrs. Editors The article in your Inst issue on Public Amusements, must luive met with a general endorsement, from the bulk of your well informed renders. The theatre is th? only amusement which comes correctly before us as an entertainment combining art mid music, ’ poetry an I science, correct language and grace ful gestures; imparting at once,'as no other speet icle can do. instruction mi l amusement. To say nothing of the inherent disp >-’nion in our nature to imitate and assume charac ters. from our childish games of soldiers, to the more serious pretentions of stump orators . mid zealous parsons—to say nothing of the germ in the minds of all mem and the logical . inference, that it is there for a wise ami benefi cent purpose —either to be .gratified by our ' own in diligence or in witnessing the perform -1 mice of others —an 1 no stronger argument ’ need be adduced in proof of it being a highly ! rational and natural amusement than it- pres ent condition, its universality mid popular p >- I sition. after centuries of vindictive and un : Christian persecution —a persecution which lias an 1 would continue to ignore all amuse -1 ment as sinful, an I would in its fanaticism ex . elude the frequenter of the theatre from the very footstool of mercy—a class of men who, . 1 fearing the rivalry of others more intellectual ' than themselves, have not in sum? iustmi ?es scrupled to sic-1 the bio » I of an actor, thinkmg it a good deed, a id quoting S ripture to justify the act. Among tlie'Greek- the theatre was not only recognized as a proper and highly instructive resort, but was supported at the expeii-e of the Republic, mi l in many instances it was built adjoining mid opening into their sacred temples. Their performers were not only es teem : 1 but lion ore 1 :ml not imfrequently dig nified with titles and estat s. Th? Romans, to >. nltli nigh in s nny instauees they snppres— -1 ed it, we may be s ire it was simply because it was Grecian in its origin, and not because it was inimical to the morals of the people or the stability of the State ; tor we find the edict which stigmatized all who appeared upon the stage, excepted the Rom in youth; mil they c intinued to en let plays and s im ? of them be i camo the first of R >m in citizens, th? friends ' of Biso, Sylla an I Cicero. 1 Ta M> 1 ?rn I nI. ah Hit which th • severe religionists of th? |>?ei?:it d ly nn I for genera- ■ tions past have been so highly exercised, is ot i purely t'hri-timi origin, mid it was its mars?- 1 n ,- ss, ribddry mi 1 brutality miler the direc tion mi 1 s.qin irt of Tii i ipaylact. patriarch of ■' C mstanlimiple. whi di ti. -t brought it int > dis l repute ami nn 1 ■ it a .-tcneii in the n i-tr.ls oi the pure mind? I. Gradually however it im proved, especially after it wa. di-- irded by ' 111? cli'ireb. Bit the church speedily di«-over e 1 that th? th.‘.itr • wa ■ likely t >divid?it-pow i er an 1 cons?jaently we tind th? early fathers inveighing again-t it. \ ears roll on. and with . the full of the Roman Empire the theatre i -1 burred. It is true we tind it among the .Monks 1 of the Middle Ages, but with them it i- only i u.-?d to bind the min Is of the people in darker and more dismal bondage. But a- soon as the rays of the Reformationjiegan to penetrate the human mind, the theatre at once appeared li the coadjutor of Liberty and Religion; and whenever it has l eased to be such at liny pe riod since the Hith century there have been at work circumstances it has not created and could not control. It is undeniably true, that much has appear ed upon the stage calculated to demoralize, and the question is, whether it has been forced 1 upon society or whether society has not forced iit upon the stage. To our mind there can be 1 but one reply from all impartial judgments; I notwithstanding, every epithet ot priestly abuse ha- lieeli heaped upon the theatre; and ! its performers and patrons have almost by these ' tirely zealots been cast outside the pale of re j spectubiiity. Especially are they apt to ut ! tempt the enforcement of puritanical edicts in i places of limited size, where the mass of the p.o pie have but an imperfect understanding re specting the true objects of theatrical perform ances. 'They are taught to believe that the theatre 1 is the receptacle of a moral pestilence, and that the mere insertion of one's head within its walls pollutes and poisons all that is pure in i them, and the performers are represented li the very exeresence ot society whose lives are 1 evil continually ; w hose main object is to per vert morality and make vice more beautiful than virtue. Every intelligent man who knows any thing either of the theatre as a place ot en tertainment, or of the lives of actors, knows this indiscriminate and uncharitable denunciation to be false; and that they originated in pure . ignorance or as we have stated before, from an j unworthy jealousy of a rival institution which alway s has and always will divide theuuthori !ty of the church in secular affairs. We say i secular affairs, lieeaiise we hold it to be no part of the ministerial office to dictate how we [ are to recreate ourselves—whether in dancing, jumping, laughing or in witnessing a gifted 1 person personate the character of others. If they have no right to speak authoritative ly respecting things pertaining more directly i to their own functions, they have a much lesser right to speak with authority where our own judgments and ours alone have a right to lie heard. This tyranny has become almost in ; supportable and unless independent men w ill maintain the right to the interpretation of the wants and requirements of their own nature we will eventually find ourselves sur- I rounded by the fagots, stakes and thumb screws of the past ages; and that too. because WC dare deny the right of any man or body of I men prescribing what we may enjoy, what we I shall ent, drink or wear, or whether our heads lat night shall lie due east or west. Away with ! all this sickly, squeamish sentimental religious refinement, but especially away with a relig- I ious dictatorship that would blast every gen i ini -entiment from the mind —that would erc ate a system of despotic espionage whose crea- tures might trail for ever on the track of those whose souls will not suecomb to the dictation of arrogance whether encircled by a white cravat or surrounded with the most imposing ndventitious cireumstanees. There are amusements, we are free to confess, w hich do vitiate the public taste, and un fortunately, they are those which the pious think legitimate and of no offence ; but thw bramet, choLKM by the creations of the most god-like intellects, is denounced as a curse nnd a blight. Very different would it be—suppo sing the denunciation legitimate—w ere the de nouncers to do their whole duty to society.— Instead of standing afar off, lifting up their hands crying "I am holier than thou” were they to mix in the people's amusements, pat ronize their places of resort, and by their pres- Q ern e aid in correcting the abuses which they complain of. Society will never be permanent ly benefitted by those fur ottj those, circumfer ence reformers. To do good, the centre is the point to attack, and the men must be ardent workers, every day men. men whose vocation is not limited to particular occasions or purpo ses, but such as the Great Examplar of active human gooilness, who identified himself with publican and sinner, ami by mixing w ith them in his every day life, taught them lessons di vine and saving. Just in proportion as rational nmnsenients are suppressed and interdicted, in the same ra tio w ill vice and immorality abound. It is an historical fact, when the theatre became the popular amusement during Queen Elizabeth's reign, that petitions were sent her from bear baiters and other- of this class, praying that the theatre might he demolished as it was utterly ruining their business. Were there a legitimate stage in every frontier town suchusours, where the people are restricted in there public amuse ments to the spectacles of the vilest mounte banks, we would have more refinement as a people, u keener appetite for intellectual re puds, and there would be fewer inmates in -bur city jail, and untold hours -pent away from the faro table, drinking saloons and all other re sorts of dissipation and vice. Os all professionsin the hind, propably there i- not another w hich requires so little aid from the police oflieer or the legal tribunals. It is a )>eaeeablo profession and generally its “failings lean to virtue's side." There is nothing in the profession to make it otherwise. Men and women have spent long years—whole Jives in it, without the slightest imputation resting upon their characters, and have been the com panions of some of the purest men and women the world has ever known. Let us hope the day is not distant w hen Ma con will he abl? to boa-t of a commodious the atre and an experienced corps efactors, and at the close of each engagement we maybe able to say, “There has been more by us in one play, Laughed int i wit and virtue than has been By twentv tedious lectures draw n from sin.” SIDDONS. [Foil THE STATE I‘llKss. ] l/<wr« Hditore: — Will you please find out mid let me know the rea-on why we cannot get th. proceeding-of the city council in their “Journal" (a- has always been the custom here tofore) in the first issue of the puper after the meeting, instead of always being u week be hind ? 1 would like to s?e the minutes almut the tikiiigupof the foundation of the “.sew Citv Hai.u" mid pliu-i ig f lie-e unmerchantable ArA'Z'int-i sewers. Heretofore the city has lul l to pay one doll ir more per thousand for brick for sewers than for building purposes. Let us have light on this point. A CITIZEN. [Not being in the cmhideiice of "flic powers that be," we arc unable to enlighten our cor respondent. and therefore leave that duty to the "Court Journal." As there are many of our citizens, however, who are anxious to see the proceeding, of <• miieil ns soon as possible, we volunteer, if the clerk will furnish us with a copy, to publish them gratuitously, as items of news, for the benefit of our subscribers. — Eos. State Press. | TO BACHELORS. A young lady advertises on our fourth page fora husband. She is beautiful, wealthy and virtuous, ami w ants a nice young man “just suited to her mind." He must be intellectual, good tempered, nn I of sound principles; must neither smoke, drink, nor bet on cards: must be very particular not to wear liis religion on his sleeve, ami when Ids lips say “amen” his spirit must respond. If any young gentlemull can produce evidence of liming the requisite qualifications (?) w e w ill gladly give him a let ter of recommendation to "sweet Alice Le- Roy.” WASINCION NEWS. Wasiiinctox, February 11. —In the Senate the Army Bill w as discussed, and an appropri ation of jlf.Ofm voted tor the publication of the Died Scott decision. The Somite adjourned till Monday next. In the House the following gentlemen were appointed under the resolution ot Mr. Harris, to refer the late Kansas Message ot the Presi dent to a select Committee, viz: Messrs Har ris (Black Republican) of Illinois, Stephens of Georgia. Morrill (Black Republican) of Ver mont, Let< her of Virginia, M ade (Black Re publican of Ohio. Quitman of Mississippi, W il -om Bla.k Republican of Indiana, Bennett (Black Republican) of New York. White(Dein oerati of IN mi-) Ivanin, Walbridge (Black Re publican) of Michigan, Anderson, (K. N.) of Missouri, Stephenson of Kentucky, Adrian ( Dem. > of New Jersey, Buttinton (Black Re publican; of Massachusetts, ami Russell (Dem.) of New j oi k. The Passenger Bill w (is debuted. Waleot. the w itness in the case of Lawrence, Stone and Co., has refused to testify before the Commitiee, A rvsoitiliou wa- passed to bring him to the bar of the House tor contempt. Judge Cato and Joseph P. Carr, Esq., of Kansas, called upon the President to-day. Mr, Carr will be a claimant for hi-seat in Congress from Kansas, after the admission of the Terri tory into the I nion as a State. He left this evening for Charleston, S. C. Feb. 12.—The Senate was not in session,— In the House, an ineffectual attempt was made to introduce a resolution to investigate the charges in the New York Tribune, implying an attempt to influence the votes of members by the influence of the Executive Department, Considerable excitement exists. Feb. 13.—The proceedings in Congress to day were of an unimportant nature. Feb. 13. —In tlie Semite Mr. Seward, R. of New York, gave notice of i; bill to re-organize the Supreme and Circuit Courts, The Indiana conte-ted election debate was continued. In the House a contumacious witness waa brought before the bar and ordered tu be re manded by the jailor on the motion at Mr. Stanton. 11. of Ohio. Feb. 111. —Jn the Senate to-day Mr. Houston introduced a resolution authorizing the United States Government to assume a protectorate over the States of Central America, The reso lution Was laid over. The Army increase bill wits discussed. Senator Wilson offered an a mendment to the bill to substitute volunteers for regulars. In the House the Committee of Ways and Means reported a deficiency bill. The Mary land contested election w as debated.