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The New Soulli.
LETTER FROM GENERAL SHERMAN.
■ a Which Uo DlaciiMtea lh Industrial
had AKrlcullitral Hvaonrcra of Ibe
Month— Wlihl la Kcmlml for lla
Further l>vv-lopin<-t.
Atlanta, Ga., February 1, 1870.
General W. T. Sherman—Dear
Sir: In the com 9e of several conver
sations while your were in Atlanta, you
were pleased to refer to the growth and
prosperity of the city and to the ma
terial progress made by the people since
the war. You also spoke of the hen’.t'i
fulness of .our climate and the advan
tages ottered here to capitalists and in
dustrious immigrants.
Your i>o3ition during the war gave
you an opportunity to study carefully
our State, and especially Atlanta. By
the time this reaches you. you will have
passed entirely across the State, and I
have thought that if you could he in
duced to write the result of your ob
servation with respect to the natural
advantages of our soil, climate, and the
resources of our section, it might be
the means of attracting the attention of
those who have capital as well as those
who control and give direction to the
tide of immigration.
I know that continual demands, offi
cial and social are made upon your time,
but I was so struck with the aptness of
some of your comments and the practi
cal nature of your suggestions that I
have ventured to address you this letter.
Yours truly, E. P. llowell.
St. Augustine. Fla., Feb. 4. 1879.
Captain E. P. Howell, Editor Con
stitution. Atlanta, Georgia—Mv Dear
Sir: Your most acceptable letter of
February 1 reached me here yesterday,
and I avail myself of the first moment
of leisure to reply.
My opportunities fur studying the
physical features of Georgia have !>eon
even larger than you mention. In 1843-
4 I went from Augusta to Marietta in a
stage (when Atlanta had no existence):
thence to Belfonte, Alabama, on horse
back, returning afterwards all the way
on horseback to Augusta by a different
road ; again, in 1864, I conducted, as
all the world knows, a vast army from
Chattanooga to Atlanta and Savannah,
and just now have passed over ti e
same district in railway cars. Consid
ering the history of this period of time
(35 years), the development of the
country has been great, but not compar
able with California, lowa, Wisconsin,
or Kansas in all which States I have
had similar chances for observation.
The reason why Georgia lias not kept
pace with the States I have named is
beyond question that emigration would
not go where slavery existed. Now
that this cause is removed there is no
longer any reason why Georgia, espe
cially the northern part, should not
rapidly regain her prominence among
the great States of our Union. I know
that no section is more favored in cli
mate, health, soil, minerals, water, and
everything which man needs for his
material wants, and to contribute to his
physical and intellectual development.
Your railroads, already finished, giving
your people cheap supplies, and the
means of sending in every section their
surplus product* of the soil or of man
ufactures. You have immense beds of
iron and coal, besides inexhaustible
quantities of timber, oak, hickory, pop
lar, beech, pine, etc., so necessary in
modern factories, and which are becom
ing scarce in other sections of our busy
country.
North Georgia is peculiarly adapted
to fruit orchards, to gardens and small
farms; and all 3 011 need to make it
teem with prosperity is more people
from that class of northern farmers and
manufacturers, and the other large class
of European emigrants, which has con
verted the great northwest from a wil
derness into comfortable homes for its
millions of contented people.
I have crossed the continent many
times, by almost every possible route,
and feel certain that at this time no
single region holds out as strong induce
ments for industrious emigrants as that
from Lynchburg,Virginia, to Huntsville,
Alabama, right and left, embracing the
mountain ranges and intervening val
leys, especially East Tennessee, North
Georgia and Alabama. I hope I will
not give offense in saying that the pres
ent population has not done full justice
to this naturally beautiful and most
favored region of our country, and that,
two or three millions of people could
be diverted from the great west to this
region with profit and advantage to all
concerned. This whole region, though
called “ southern,” is, in fact, “ north
ern ” —vis : it is a wheat-growing coun-
VOL. Ill—NO. 25.
try; has a climate in no sense tropical
or southern, Imt was designed hy-nn
tnre for small Harms and not for large
plantations. In the region I have
named, North Georgia forms a most
important part; aiid your city. Atlanta,
is its natural center or capital. It is
admirably situated, a thousand feet
above the sea. healthy, with abundance
of the purest water and with granite,
limestone, sandstone and clay conven
ient to build a second London. In
1804 my army, composed of near a
hundred thousand men, all accustomed
to a northern climate, were grouped
about Atlanta from June to November
without tents, and were as vigorous,
healthy and strong as though they were
in Ohio or New Y'ork. Indeed, the
whole country from the Tennessee to
the Ocnmlgee is famous for health, pure
water, abundant timber, and with a
large proportion of good soil, especial
ly in the valleys, and all you need is
more people of the right sort.
I am satisfied, from my recent visit,
that northern professional men, manu
facturers, mechanics, and farmers may
come to Atlanta, Rome and Chatta
nooga with a certainty of fair dealing
and fair encouragement. Though 1 was
personally regarded the bete-noir of the
late war in your region, the author of
all your woes, j r et I admit that I have
just passed over the very ground deso
lated bv the civil war, and have receiv
ed everywhere nothing hut kind and
courteous treatment from the highest
to the lowest, and 1 heard of no vio
lence to others for opinions’ sake.
Some union men spoke to me of social
ostracism, but I saw nothing of it, and
even if it does exist it must disappear
with the present generation. Our whole
framework of government and history
is founded on the personal and politi
cal equality of citizens, and philosophy
teaches that social distinctions can
only rest on personal merit and corres
ponding intelligence, and if any part
of a community clings to distinctions
founded on past conditions, it will grow
less and less with time and finally dis
appear. Any attempt to build up an
aristocracy or a privileged class at the
south, on the fact that their fathers or
grandfathers once owned slaves, will
result in a ridiculous failure ahd sub
ject the authors to the laughter of man
kind. I refer to this subject incident
ally because others have argued the
case with me, but whether attempted
elsewhere in the south, I am certain it
will not be attempted in Georgia.
Therefore, I shall believe and main
tain that North Georgia is now in a
condition to invite emigration from the
northern States of onr Union and from
Europe, and all parties concerned should
advertise widely the great inducements
your region holds out to the industri
ous and frugal of all lands; agents
should be appointed in New York to
advise, and others at Knoxville, Chat
tanooga, Rome, Atlanta, etc.., to receive
immigrants and to point out to them on
arrival where cheap lands may be had
with reasonable credit, where companies
may open coal and iron mines, where
mills may be erected to grind wheat and
corn, spin cotton, and to manufacture
the thousand and one things you now
buy from abroad ; and more especially
to make known that you are prepared
to welcome and patronize men who will
settle in your region and form a part of
your community.
Your growth and development since
the war have been good, very good—
better than I was prepared to see ; but
compare it with San Francisco, Denver,
Portland, Oregon, Leavenworth, Chica
go, St. Louis, or hundreds of places I
could mention less favored in climate
and location than Atlanta. These cities
have been notoriously open to the whole
world, and all men felt perfectly at
liberty to go there with their families,
with their acquired wealth and with
their personal energy. You must
guarantee the same, not superficially or
selfishly, but with that sincerity and
frankness which carry conviction.
Personal I}\ I would not like to check
the flow of emigration westward, be
cause of the vast natural importance of
that region, but I do believe that every
patriot should do what he can to benefit
every part of our whole country, and I
am sure that good will result from turn-
iug a part of this great tide of human
life and energy southward along the
valleys of the Alleghany mountains,
especially of East Tennessee, Northern
Georgia and Alabama, and if I can aid
you in this good work 1 assure you that
I will do so with infinite pleasure.
Excuse me if I ask you as an editor
to let up somewhat on the favorite
hobby of “ carpet-baggers." I know
that you personally apply the term only
to political adventurers, but others,
your readers, construe it otherwise. I
have resided in San Francisco, Leaven
worth and Saint Louis, and of the men
who have built up these great cities, I
assert that not one in fifty was a native
of the place. All, or substantially all,
were carpet-baggers, i. c. immigrants
from all parts of the world, many of
them from the south.
Our supreme court, congress, and our
most prominent and intellectual men,
now hail from localities of their own
adoption, not of their birth.
Let the emigrant to Georgia feel and
realize that his business and social po
sition result from bis own industry, his
merits and his virtues, anil not from the
accidental place of his birth, and soon
! the great advantages of climate, soil,
minerals, timber, etc., etc., will fill up
your country, and make Atlanta one of
the most prosperous, beautiful and at
tractive cities, not alone of the south,
but of the whole continent, an end
which I desire quite as much as you do.
Our nation has passed its infancy
with the usual diseases peculiar to that
period of life, and now, in its second
century, it enters on its epoc of man
hood. In this you, a younger man,
have more at stake than I. I beg of
you to look ahead and not behind, and
to encourage by word and example
every effort to make Georgia the con
tented home of three or four millions of
industrious and virtuous people.
For your personal courtesy to me on
my recent visit l give you hearty
thanks, aud will on my return to Wash
ington, be most happy to hear from
you further on this and kindred sub
jects. With respect, your friend,
W. T. Siierman.
Getting Out of a Scrape.
The following by a contemporary,
strikingly illustrates the cool nonchal
ance and ingenuity with which a Yan
kee who has got himself into a “ tight
place ” will contrive to wriggle himself
out. It is now and then the case that
a live Yankee is actually “ trapped” by
another man ; but then it is only by—
a Yankee.
Two Yankees were strolling in the
woods, without any arms in their pos
session, and observing a bear ascending
a tree, with its large paws clasped
round the trunk, one of them ran for
ward and caught the bear's paws, one
in each hand, lie instantly called out
to his comrade:
“ Jonathan, I say, go home and bring
me something as fast as yon can, till I
kill the vftfmlnt. Mind, don't siay,
for I'm in a fix.”
Jonathan ran off as fast as he could,
but was an exceedingly long time re
turning. During the interval, the bear
made several attempts to bite the hand
of him who held him. At length Jon
athan came back.
“ Hallo, Jonathan, what the deuce
has kept you ?”
Jonathan replied :
“ Well, I'll tell 3'ou —when at home,
breakfast was about read}', and I guess
ed it would be as wellio wait for it.”
“ Here, now, Jonathan,” said his
companion, “ come you and hold it and
I'll kill the critter in a jiffy.”
Jonathan seized the bear's paws, and
held the animal while the other could
k'll it.
“ Well, Jonathan, have yOU got hold
of him ?”
“ I guess I have,” replied Jonathan.
“ Very well, hold him fast; I guess
I'll go to dinner.”
At the burial of Ashburton Webster,
at Marshfield, last week, the lid of the
casket containing the remains of his
grandfather, the great statesman, Dan*
iel Webster, was opened, and his face,
the body having been embalmed, was
perfectly recognizable.
HARTWELL, GA., WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 1!), 1871).
blood Transfusion -An Unsuccessful At
tempt (o Save a Brooklyn Man's Life.
For several months Andrew Fitzger
ald, of Brooklyn, N. J., a former prom
inent politician, Wits ailing, and for the
past few weeks was unable to take any
kind of nourishment. Asa conse
quence he became very feeble, and on
Saturday last his physicians determined
to try the efficacy of transfusion of
blood from a healthy body to the dis
eased one, for which purpose a stout,
hearty in an was secured. The patient's
arm was bared, and the delicate opera
tion of finding, taking up and opening
a vein was successfully performed. The
patient's condition was such that his
pulse was nearly gone, the action.of his
heart was feeble and the vein could
scarcely be got at. The healthy man’s
arm was tapped and his red, rich blood
flowed freely into a funnel held to
receive it. This was connected by
tubing with a syringe, which worked in
to a gold pointed tube, and it in turn
led’iato the opened vein. They look
five ounces of blood (about three-quar
ters of a tumbler full) from the man and
pumped it slowly into the system of
the dying patient. The experiment
was entirely successful and'the instru
ment worked to acharm. Unfortunate
ly for the patient, he was already far
gone, ami after a brief rally he retained
full possession ot his senses until about
fifteen minutes before his death, which
occurred at two o’clock on Saturday
afternoon.
Tlic Proper .Time for Slaughtering.
It lias been discovered by a French
chemist that the flesh of animals which
arc killed in the latter part of the night
will keep much longer without salting
than it will when they are killed in the
day time. This proves that the flesh
is better fitted for keeping when the
life and blood are Taken from the ani
mal at the time the temperature is tiie
lowest and respiration is the least ac
tive. Hence the reason that the flesh
from animals that have been highly
heated or hard driven will scarcely keep
at all.
It U no new discovery that the meat
of animal 3 killed after rest will keep
than that killed immediately
after exercise. As animals rest in the
night, the meat will, of course, be bet
ter in the morning.
The reason why tbc above fact is so
is this: Exercise dfaiv.s the blood to
the extremities and it all
through the veins. After rest it gradu
ually returns to the vitals and circulates
more sluggishly. Of course, if an an
imal is then killed, the arteries and
large veins being cut, the blood is at
once emptied. Hut if lie is killed while
tic blood is at the surface distributed
thfougli'thc small veins, it will not be
discharged. As biood corrupts sooner
than flesh, the meat spoils.
An Old Lady Nearly Killed by the Ordi
nance of Baptism.
A narrow escape from death by being
baptized iii an icy fiver took place near
West Palmyra, Lebanon comity, Penn
sylvania, Sunday. Mrs. Martin How
man, an aged invalid, expressed a dc*
sire to be baptised. When told that
the water was frozen she demanded that
the ice be broken, which was done.
She was carried to the river bank in n
rocking chair, accompanied by her Inis,
hand, children ahd a number of friends.
The Rev. Mr. llertzle conducted the
Baptist ceremonial by immersing the
penitent three times. When she was
raised the third time she resembled a
corpse. She was carried to the shore,
and everybody thought her dead. A
frightful scene followed. The husband
rolled in the snow in his bitter anguish,
and the air was lou 1 with lamentation.
She w.u3 carried into a house near by,
when she revived, but is now lying at
the point of death.
More Than lie Bargained For.
In one of the interior towns of New
England a story is told of an old deacon
who has a couple of mischievous boys
and a spunky old rain. The deacon’s
farm had a stream of water running
through it, on the hank of which there
is a rock extending over the water and
about ten feet above it, and which can
not be seen from the house.
WHOLE NO. 129
The boys were in the habit of driving
their father's sheep to this spot, aud then
vexing the old mm until lie would pitch
at them with all his might, when they
would drop Hat down on the ground and
let the mm go headlong over them, from
the top of the rock into the water below.
This was rare sport for the hoys, but
one day die deacon caught them in the
very act of giving old “Thumper" a
hath, aud dealt with them as lie felt in
duty bound to do, for such wickedness.
Sometime afterward the deacon chanc
ed to go to the rock, and seeing the
sheep near it, he felt a strong inclination
to sec his ram make another plunge into
the Water.
After looking about, to make sure
that no one was n sight to witness his
folly, lie croucl _d down on the edge of
the lock and made a show of fight against
old “Thumper,” who accepted the chal
lenge and charged with all his force, so
rapidly that the deacon, being rather
slow nnd failing to drop in time, went
over the rock headlong into the water
| with him.
Here was a fix for a deacon to he
! caught in, sure enough ; and to add to
his mortification, hy flic time lie and the
rain got out of the water, the hoys were
standing on the rock above him, laugh
ing boisterously The deacon sneaked
off home—the hoys told of his mishap
—and the old man is called “ Deacon
Slow ” to this day.
A few day's out from New York a
ship was overtaken by a terrible storm,
which lasted nearly a week.
One day, at the height of the tempest,
the rigging at the main masthead got
tangled, and someone had to go up and
straighten it. The mate called a boy
belonging to the ship anil ordered him
aloft.
The lad touched his cap, hut hesitated
a moment, cast one frightened glance up
mil down at the swaying must and Ani
nus sea, and then rushed across the deck
and down into the forecastle. In about
ten minutes lie appeared, and without u
word seized the ratlins —the rope laddei
of the vessel—and flew up the rigginj.
like a squirrel. With dizzy eyes tin
weather beaten crew watched the pool
hoy at this fearful height. “lie will
never come down alive,” they said ti
each other.
But in twenty minutes the perilous
job was done, and the young hoy de
scended, and straightened himself up.
and, with a smile on his face, walked t<
the stern of the ship.
“ What di<l you go below for when or
dered aloft?” asked a passenger of Un
ship.
I went —to pray,’’ replied the boy
with a blush and a quiver of the lip.
Aunt Phillis, a sixty year old woman
of Yaticevllle, Virginia, lias just given
birth to twins.
The St. Louis Post-Dispatch says
that, at a recent election in Wyoming
territory, in which women suffrage pre
vails, a fellow running fOt town clerk
bribed eighteen female voters with a
single pound of chcwing-gum.
The newspaper law says if any person
orders his paper discontinued ho must
pay all arrearages, or the publisher may
continue to send it until payment is made,
and collect the whole amount, if the pa
per is taken from the office. Also an
action for fraud can lie instituted against
any person, whether he is responsible in
a financial view or not, who refuses to
pay for subscription.
A little cotton mill has been started j
at Westminster, South Carolina, and
the machinery, costing only about two
thousand five hundred dollars, is run by j
eight hands. The capital was mad :u;
by a company of farmers and one mill
owner, who furnished thewatef power.
They manufacture their own cotton
from the seed, and turn out altout 825
worth of yarns pet day at present low
prices. They have a home market for
their farm products, which greatly in
creases the value of their cotton.
A cow was licking her tongue through
a crack in the barn of a farmer residing
four miles from Columbus, and a horse
on the inside hit off several inches of
it.
For Heaven's sake don't stroke a
i mustache when its down.
Arlcimis Ward.
How 11 In Advance Agent Turned a Joko
on Him.
A writer in the Baltimore Every Sat
urday received the' following from John
I*. Smith, who was the advance agent
of Artemus Ward during his lecturing
tour in this country :
Artemus was lecturing with his pan
orama ot Salt Lake, in Canada, nnd as
.business was good he was in corres
pondingly high spirits and his pocke's
| were full of coin.
The day before they were to leave
Smith told Ward that as silks were so
much cheaper in the British possessions
than in the United States, he had pur
chased a large piece of silk and was
going to take it to his wife as a present.
Ward was pleased with the idea, and
in the same confidence told Smith that
lie had also purchased a piece of mel
ton cloth, and both conferred with each
other as to the best wav to secrete the
goods so as to pass the custom house.
Ward suggested to Smith to wrap the
silk around his body, and Smith in turn
advised Artemtls to place his cloth
within the folds of his panorama of
Salt Lake. They each agreed to take
the other's advice, nnd Smith left the
next morning to go over to the Stated
in advance. The bundle of silk wound
; around him made him feci quite un
comfortable. especially when lie came
to the custom house and they com
menced interrogating about his baggage.
The official was very polite and pass
ed his baggage without a murmur, and
then invited him into his private office,
handed him a cigar, and begged him to
take a scat.
The heat of the room began to make
Smith very uncomfortable and he arose
to go.
“ lie seated, sir," said the official, “ I
want to have a little chat with you.”
“ No; I must be going," said the
genial John. “ I can't stand sitting so
long, and then I’ve a great deal to at
end to.”
“ Yon seem to he a ver}' stout ish
kind of a mall,” said the officer.
“ Yes, said Sm't'i, his face getting
•ed and the warmth of the silk increas
ing: “I'm pre'.ty solid, but I can’t
stand a hot room.”
“ Ah !” said the inspector, “ what’s
‘lie trouble ? Anything the matter
with your chest or lungs ?”
“Only a slight oppression,” replied
Smith.
“Oppression about the lungs!” ex
•lnimed the officer, rising and advanc
ing toward the suffocating agent. “Let
lie make an examination for you, sir, it
may he dangerous. Please remove
your coat.”
•• It’s nothing; it will soon pass
away,” replied Smith, inwardly praying
.'or a chance to escape.
“My dear friend, yotl should not
illnw yourself to suffer a moment,” said
die officer, “ and I insist upon examin
ing your chest. Doubtless I can re
i lievc you of all yor.f trouble.”
The inspector insisted, and the dis
comfited agent, after vainly trying to
escape from his solicitation, finally
acknowledged the corn, and confessed
to having the concealed silk upon his
person.
The officer laughed heartily and said:
“ I knew it all the while. Here’s a
letter 1 received this morning.” And
he handed Smith a letter written by
Ward, informing the inspector that a
smuggler would endeavor to pass a
quantity of silk, describing Smith's ap
pearance, and claiming one-half of the
reward for the information. Smith was
indignant, of course, but determined to
get even with the incorrigible joker, so
he told the officer about Ward having
the roll of cloth concealed in his pano
rama.
The inspector appreciated the joke
an 1 let Smith go with a small penalty.
The next morning Artemns Ward ar
rive l at the custom house with his pan
orama, when the inspector commenced
interrogating him, and insisted upon
his letting him have a glimpse of his
beautiful pictures.
Ward tried every excuse, but the
official was importunate, and finally he
was compelled to have his man unwind
o ie section of the panorama before the
inspector. Artemns stoo lby and ex
plain id the views, until suddenly the
cloth came to light, and as it slowly
unwound in front of the pictures \\ ard
struck an attitude like his performance
upon the stage, and in the drawl of the
exhibitor said : “ This view is slightly
encumltered with t wenty yards of mel
ton cloth. That damn Smith told you
all about it. What's the damage ?”
, The inspector soon settled the ques
tion of charges, and for once Artemus
| found himself caught by his own joks.