Newspaper Page Text
SIBERIAN EXILES.
How Severe Hardships Drive
Them to Escape.
Ass isted by Nihilists and Re
volutionary Agents.
iqt was in the spring of 1882,”
if rites Coant Nonaikow in the New
York Times, “that I wa* exiled to the
province of \enesoysiC, in Siberia,
there to undergo fifteen years’ hard
labor for complicity in the conspiracy
to kill the Czar. My companions in
misery were ComorolL IvanofI, Popolf,
Soukbanin, and five others, all of whom
bad received sentences similar to mine,
a nd for the same offence. It was while
we were in the Moscow' forwarding
prison that we made the acquaintance
of an old, experienced convict, wno
bad made no less than fifteen different
attempts at escaping, but each time had
been recaptured anl sent back. And
y ethe declared himself ready and will
inuto make further attempts when the
opportunity off;red.
“This old prisoner gave us a very in
teresting description of the various
ways of escaping and of the hardships
the poor fellows endured. When a
convict plans escape his first object is to
secure an axe or hatchet. With this he
cu!s branches of trees for the midnight
fire which protects him from the wild
beasts which infest the forest. He hows
down trunks of trees, on which he pad
dles across river* and streams, and to so
many uses can th s implement be put,
that if the convict is force 1 to start
without it he manages to beg one at the
first village he reaches. It is estimated
that at least from 25,000 to 30,000
prisoners yearly make their escape to
the forest. These are calle l brodyags
(tramps), an l form into parties of from
50 to 100. Each party appoints a
starosta, or elder, to whom the manage
ment of the party is intrusted.
‘ Many of the exiles escape when
passing through a thickly wooded coun
try in large parties. The gendarmes, in
whose care they are, of course fire cn
them, but their aim is so poor that at
least seven out of every ten convicts
who make the attempt succeed in get
tiag away, for the time at least. The
exiles who work in the mines are, of
course, closely guarded, aud seek es
cape by different means. The most
common method employed by them is
to dig an underground tunnel from
their cell to some point beyond the
prison walls. But the work is attended
with so much danger, and it so difficult
to find a moans of disposing of the earth
thus scooped up, that it seldom proves
successful, and discovery means re
doubled misery and plenty of lashe 3
from the knout laid on the bare white
back.
* ^ nce a member of the Free Com
mand and escape is comparatively easy.
The Free Command is composed of
prisoners who have put in one-third of
fheir sentence and are especially noted
f or their good conduct, Such
mitted arc per
to live outside the prison pre
uincts, where they construct huts or
shanties, and, while still under police
illaace, are allowed considerable
I heir improved condition ac
,‘ s ^ le,n dhe privilege of working
.
“* out chains or fetters of anj 1, kind;
^ Cda also hold
«ach communication with
ol K and it H no uncommon
Sl ght to see eight or ten of the Free
Mfflmand congregated in one little hut
n a inter’s evening.
n:ost effectual means of escape
^ ^ ins,rumentalit
v I y *he
rs Siberi revolutionary agents, who
■ e a armed with forged
tS 80 Overly pass
j Action executed as to defy
by the most zeilou* of the
S °thci a la in various disguises,
led i
J With . ^
Sundance of money. Thtfce
J' 'Abated e3 to among prominent politi
» enable them to leave the
y * A. revolver is also supplied,
!Uls L’V < " as 4 * Q °W Of -ed. Thus dis
„ 0 representatives of various
1,810 Cu Ii*ngs, they travel from
!q„ v ‘ilage, either buying or sell
leicct 1,1 Ue:lr ^ r every instance escape
dear Once
more promt
ma l oraes hi Switzerland,
f',n 8| hoglund
, and the United States.
° X *° WC '^ knows that he will
live h’rriblo • hardships
e thmka little to endure, but
ho of that compared with
"'’ 0 freedom ho enjoys. Ho
^someti mes travel days ere he meets
fr* tlU8t subsist «. join. In the meantime
on the roots aid berries
8CHLEY COUNTY NEWS.
which he finds in the forest, The sig
nal between reconapitring parties is
imitation an
of the notes of the cuckoo.
II ith what joy the solitary traveler
gleets companionship! At night the
arodyngs build huge firci in the depth
of the forest and amuse tLcniselves
by rela'ing vanom incidents
of their lives, many of them
extremely thrilling. A party of
brodyags never lose them elves m the
forest, having infallib'c signs by which,
they guide their footsteps through the
mazis of the wilderness A Irodyag
knows when he looks at a tree just in
what direction he is goino* ff tiie
branches be stunted and with little foli
: g-‘. be knows that he is facing the
north, Likewise, if lie finds the
branches well grown and the foliage
abundant, ha knows the warmth of a
southern sun ha* kissed them into life.
Often for days the brodyag will have
nothing better than black bread and
salt to eat and nothing but water to
quench his thirst, but these arc small
matters to him.”
Making Nickels anil Pennies.
The copper u ed in the manufacture
of penn e* is of the very best quality,
and is from the Calumet and HeclaMin
iug Company on Lake Superior. The
metal is shipped in bulk from the mine;,
to the factories of Merchant – Co., in
Connecticut.
There it is rolled and stamped cut in
circles of the requisite sir-, These
circles are perfectly plain, with the ex
ception of the raised or milled edge.
At this stage the pieces intended for
pennies are as bright as gold pieces,
while those intended for nickels re
semble highly polished silver, In this
condition they are delivered to the mint.
Of course, it is absolutely necessary that
all the pieces should be of uniform size
and weight.
The transfer from the factory to the
mint is made, and the number of pieces
in a package is reckoned by its weight.
To find out how many small coins the
amount of nickel and copper contracted
for at present wilL make, multiply the
number of pounds of copper by 100 and
the number of pounds of nickel by 70.
This calculation will show that the
metal now about to be made up into
coin will make 35,000 nickels and 100,
000 pennies. One hundred pennies,
therefore, weigh exactly one pound.
When these pieces reach the mint
they are subjected to the finishing pro
cess, which consists in stamping them
with the denomination, lettering and
characters seen on the coins, when they
reach the public. To accomplish this
great pressure is needed, as the pieces
are not heated again after leaving tde
factory.
, The amount of pressure required is
simply enormous, considering the size
of the piecn. The copper jsennies re
quire a pressure of ten tons avoirdupois,
while with the nickel pieces it is neces
sary to put on a pressure of from twelve
to fifteen tons. —[Philadelphia Enquirer.
The Women of Tonquin.
Both men and women in Tonqair
wear their hair long and twisted up
into a kind of chignon on the top of
the head. It is, of course, always
lanky aud jet black. Their dress is of
the most simple kind. The men we;,’.'
a loose jacket and trouser*, and the
women wear a long, straight shift
reaching from neck to heels, The An
namito man is a very poor creature, and
it is only among the upper classes that
one sees occassanally a well-formed or
handsome face, with some elevation or
dignity of expression. The women are
much better looking, and would often
be pretty except for the stained mouth
and teeth, which renders them horrible
to a European eye. But in figure they
are much the more favored of any seen
in the East, and in the course of a walk
in Hanoi, the principal city of the
couniry, you may meet a dozen who are
straight enough and strong enough and
shapely enough to serve a3 a sculptor’s
model. Their native dance is a bur
lesque of the Japanese, to the accom
paniment of a fiddle six feet long.—
Washington Star.
The Destructive Sparrow.
‘•The day is not ten years distant, ”
says a scientist, “when the United
States will bo damaged more by its
Euglish sparrows than by all the wee
vils, cut-worms, crows, blackbirds,
rabbits, hawks, fleas, moths, curculio,
droughts or floods. lie could not to
day Le got rid of for $5,003,000 in
cash. lie damaged us last year $25,
000 , 000 .”
scientific scraps.
About 150 col 01 s ate now ol tained
fiom coal tar, which has almost entirely
supplanted vegetable and an trad dye*.
I)r. Lind*ey of New Haven, Conn.,
declares that the great number of trees
in that c.ty are a constant source of
disease.
Stccharine enough to take the place
of 50)0 tons of beet sugar has now been
made in Germany. Tnough not a food
and condemned as injurious by eminent
medical me i, it is used in the p re pa ra
tion of fruits and the production of
sweet 1 quors.
At a meeting of the Academy of Sci
ences of Pans, Prince Albert of Monaco
drew attention to the fact that vessels
luaning short of provisions might ob
tain food sufficient to support life in
definitely if provided with apparatus
for collecting the surface-swimming
forms.
Hypnotism is to be elevated into a
science. Already a society is being
formed in L tudou to investigate its
merits and has promise of influential
support. So much encourage meal; has,
in fact, been given to the movement
that a semi- public gathering has been
held in Westminster Town Hall to take
it into still further consideration.
It is now regarded as a settled ques
tion that the nitrogen of the atmos
phere is fixed in the soil for the use of
vegetation by the action of microbes,
and that no soil is destitute of these
gerni3. It is suggested that the greater
development of the microbes by farm
yard manures may explain the apparent
super.ority of such fertilizers over arti
ficial manures theoretically as good.
The agricultural society of Franca has
been shown by M. Guerin that fresh
milk may be easily transported to the
most distant place* in a frozen state,
the freshness being retained for an in
definite period. When thawed, though
days and weeks after freezing, the milk
is said to equal new for cooking, yield
of cream, production of butter and
cheese, and in all other respects.
Formerly, the principal chemical pro.
duct* obtained from seaweed were
iodine, bromine, magnesia, and potash
salts, but its uses and applications have
now become considerably extended, in
c'uding, for example, its conversion into
charcoal, and into a material for whip
handles, and still more recently the
curious substance known as algiu has
been produce l from it, and is already
in use as a stratum for photographic
films, and for other purposes.
Chinamen as Smokers.
The Chinese smoke early and often,
and it is as good as a play to watch one
of the nobles of China using tobacco.
He prefers the water- pipe, and he has
a servant who puts the pipe-stem in his
mouth, and waits till he has taken half
a dozen whiffs before he carries it away
again. The smoke comes bubbling
through the liquid, and the almond eyes
of the Celestial spark'e with enjoyment
as (lie nicotine enters his blood. Li
Hung Chang smokes in this way, says
Frank Carpenter in the Courier-Journ il,
and during the interview which I had
with him at Tion Tsin, his servant he'd
a pipe with a stem at least four feet
long to his lipq and lighted it for him
at intervals of ten minutes. The great
viceroy took about ten whiff* at a time,
and then the servant took the pipo
away, pulled out its metal bowl, and
refilled it with tobacco, bringing it
back a little later on to patiently hold
it to his excellency’s lip* while he
sm deed.
The Chinese do not ire cigars nor
chew. They have a tobacco much like
the American pigtail twist, which they
cut up for smoking, and they are largely
addicted to snuff. You will find snuff
stores in the larger cities, and the ar
ticle use 1 is coarsor than the Scotch
snuff. The woman smoke, aud not a
few of the boys and men are addicted
to the use of cigarettes. The average
Chinese cigarette is the poorest and
cheapest in the world. You can get
three of them for one-tenth of a cent,
and they are dear at that.
Modern Improvements.
Real Estate Agent (out West)—“This
is the house I told you about.”
Eastern Man (anxious to grow up
with the country)—“Bather a pretty
place! Contains all the modern im
provents, does it?”
Agent—“Yes, siree. Which will
you look at first, the cyclone cave or tho
earthquake cella ?”— New York Weekly.
EVERY LADY
W 4 .NTS a» A SILK DRESS
This is your opportu
nity. A new de
J"lpartnrc. rect from tin-munufao Silks di
fj | turers to
f Our reduced yon.
br in the best prices
S'sjSm within g goods
as ™ H reach of all.
We nro the only
manufacturers in
m the U. S. selling
direct to con
m SBnnsers. You
take no risk. We
31 fin warrant every
piece of goods as
represented, or
money refund
ed. See our re
ML ■SIB ferenees. We
are the oldest
a sa Silk Manufac
SSy fiy U.S. turers Establish- in the
es^ ed in 1838, with
■ over 50 years’ ex
a I perience. We
B guarantee the
CHAFFEE
DRESS SILKS.
for richness of
m finish color, superior
and wear
ing jbe unexcelled qualities, to
»y I a ny make
'Silks of JBlack
in the
offer Dress Silks •world. We
these in Gros Grains,
Satins, Cloths, Surahs, in Faille Francaise and Aida
Blacks only.
Send us a2c.-stamp (to pay postage) and
we will forward you samples of "alt our
styles freo with prices, and you can see
for yourselves.
0.8. CHAFFEE – SON »
« Mansfield Centre, Conn.
Windham Refer, by permission, Bank,Dime to Flrr.t National Bank,
National Havings Bank, Wil
limautic Savings Institute, of WlllimanUc, Conn.
ULI nrnm 111 I i rAT LI I wesen<Uooii with each Dress P nr,sor Pattern theu.s.
fin 131 I f I I the we
BILUUULLu I present buyer with 1000
’ YardsHev/ingSilk.andenough Silk Braid to bind bottom of
dress.
THE 600DSSKSSB7–SB
THE NEWS
(8 PREPARED TO OO YOUR
JOB PRINTING.
SUCH AxS
ROTE HEADS,
LETTED HEADS J
DEL HEADS,
ENVELOPES,
CARDS,
COMMISSARY CHECKS,
CIRCULARS AND PAMPHLETS
OB’ AXX. KINDS,
NEATLY AND WITH DISPATCH.
Subscribe for This Paper \
Brimful of choice reeding nutter for everybody
- tfew i$ Time:,
Examine this paper and send ua your subscription
IT WILL PAY V'MJ!
T HIS year season IS in of which THE the BEST
to purchase a Black Silk or Satin Dress.
It is adapted to so many uses for which
ladies require a becoming and handsome
dress ; tor house wear, as hostess or guest,
make calls, attend church, receptions, wed
dings. parties, lectures, amusements and en
tertainments of all kinds. A good Black
Silk or Satin Dress retains its beauty and
fine appearance many years, outlasting and
out-wearing half-a-dozen ordinary dresses.
A GREAT many are now looking
around to see what to give as a
BIRTHDAY or NEW YEAR PRESENT. In
many cases it is the intention to present
the wife of an officer, pastor, or a lady
teacher with something handsome, tasty,
and beautiful. To all such we say send ns
2-cent stamp and GET OUR SAMPLES and
prices, you will soon be convinced that a
Black Silk or Satin Dress is just what vou.
have BEEN LOOKING FOR.
Everybody we sell to is as well sat -
isfied as the following parties:
Dear Sirs Westport, Kentvcky. May 1,1889.
— I received the silk in good order, It is
the best and cheapest goods for the money I ever saw.
The same goods would sell for per yard in
Louisville Ky. The extra quality of the silk, the 10
per cent discount, the silk braid and 1000 yards of
spool silk, is certainly a wonderful bargain to offer to
tne public. 1 take pleasure in showing my friends the
samples and Respectfully, advising them to purchase of you.
Miss M. E. GUYTON.
Office of Biblical Rf.cohder. )
Messrs. O. S. Chaffee Raleigh, – Son N.C.,Dec. 17,1888.|
:
Dear Sirs — The package of silk for my wile came
safely with it and and soundly plea ed to that hand to-day. She is delighted and
von were so prompt
generous pliment mvself, with her. and I highly check appreciate for the the com
enclose $25.00.
With very best wishes, C. T. Bailey.
REMEMBER. ( our terms are so liberal
that) a Black Silk or Satin Dress when
bought direct from our factory is the MOST
ECONOMICAL dress made. We guarantee
perfect satisfaction or refund the money.
0. S. CHAFFEE –