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FIRM DEPARTMENT
Conducted by P. H. Ward, |& m Demonstration Agent
SDiH—
Report of
iho Wofk of
the Eixpsiiment Station
r n>OM'field toM,< a
As i.< well known Congressman
Park through his diligent efforts
secured the establishment of an
experiment station in this county
to study some of the problems that
are of importance to the cane grow
ers. The station of course has not
been in operation sufficiently long
• as yet to make its findings conclu
sive and for that reason any bid la
this will not bo available dealing
with results secured (her * probably
f ir some time yet. However in
response to request that, had been
made of him, Congressman Park
has asked the department for a
brief outline of the work and we
give it below ns furnished in reply
to his request.
Throughout most of (he sugar
cane section of Southern Georgia
the seed cane came through the
last winter in much better condi
tion than has generally linen the
ease during recent years. The ob
servations in ilie vicinity of Cairo,
Georgia, of those in charge of the
Government Sugar Cane Experi
ment Station at that, place, would
indicate that the red rot is work
ing in the cane now ns much as
usual at, this season. The farmers
nro, therefore, advised against
considering this trouble a tiling, of
the past, but it is recommended
rather to continue resorting to any
means found efficient in lessening
the damage by this disease. This
disease has been found to be caused
h.V an organism of fungous charact
er, called, Collcctotrichum faleatum
which is very widely disseminated
t hroughout the cane growing re
gions of the world, and'which, can
infect the live cane either from
the diseased plant, material or
from spores carried by the winds
or in the soil, and under favorable
>icld more aud better syrup, but
■dsu that are more resistant to red
senses.
„ and ot hers on
•crtilis'or, spacing time of planting,
manner cultivation, and the
choice and treatment of plant, mu
ferial arc being continued and will
''•’quire tests repeated through a
series of years and preferably also
repealed on a variety of .soil
fjivo the necessary data for a safe
conclusion and for recommend.t
tions to tlie farmers. The farmoi
wishes to know, not what succeeds
best in one particular year on one
y.irlitultir toil, but what averages
t ! ,ie 1 cat. through a long, series i
years and on the common varieties
of soil.on his farm adapted to cane
culture.
"ilh the boll weevil rapidly
spreading over the sugar cane area,
diversification i 1 farming has conn
to lie a necessity. ,Stock raising
bound to lie an important fea
ture in the future systems of farm
ing, creating an increased demand
for forage, especially for winter
feeding. The tests with cane tops
at the Experiment Farm, while
not yet carried to a conclusion,
have yielded very good results
when the tops were Collected in
fresh, unfros'.cd condition and
made into silage. In the light, of
these tests, it seems a shame to let.
them lie leached out, in the fields
by rain and thus go to waste.
Tiie value of. silage, wether from
cane tops, Japanese cane, corn or
other crops is beginning to bo ap
preciated by the. more thoughtful
farmers iiit the vicinity of Cairo,
Since the erection of the silo on
the Experiment Farm for those
tests with carte tops, a consider
able number' of silos have, been er
ected. Partial failures in securing
a good product lieeaiilse of insuffi
cient packing while filling the silo
suggfests that a word of warning
in this respect is not out of place.
It must be thoroughly tramped
of every head of % caltlo on his farm.
cration, and the people come to
visit him from afar. The church
elects him nn elder and he has to
fi'Sht. tlie people to keep litem
from making him a county officer
ihe banker cornel h out to look
at his stock and Oifercth to renew
his note ami loan him money to
buy some more stock. But instead
lie begiuneth to draw interest.
conditions it then causes great J down, not only over tlie middle of
losses in the cane stored for plant
ing. It has been observed this
full in some fields near Cairo that
this disease, has made much prog
ress, the stalks when split open
show red streaks and a red and
white mottled condition, and the
taste of such portions is very simi
lar to that of badly frbst-bitten
cane. This is especially notice
able in the soft green or green
ribbon canes which nro such favor
ite varieties for chewing. More
rarely stalks of the red cane also
show such infection at. this time.
All fields are equally badly infect
ed and farmers finding their own
fields much worse infested than
their neighbors, as shown by these
red streaks and red and white
mottled coloration, would do well
to grind up their own cane u((id
secure seed cane from clearer fields
of (heir neighbors, whero possible;
Of course, the usual precautions of
getting the cane as mature as can
safely be done and of choosing a
.cool time and a time when the soil
is damp for banking the seed cane
should not he omitted. In gaug
ing the amount of seed cane to put
away, it. should not be assumed
that there will be ns little spoilage
ns was the case on most farms
last winter. A st ado of the mann
ers in which this disease is propa
gated and means of lessing the
damage from it constitutes an im
portant line of activity of the
Bureau of Plant Industry at the
Experiment Station. Of the 145
experimental plats included in the
planting this year, a large number
nro devoted to the study of this
tlisease.
About thirty varieties of c.aric
arc now growing on tlie oxperi
menfc field, including the five
the silo, but, also close to the
walls. One man should keep
moving about actively all the
time during the filling.
Experiments in curing tlie tops
VVhen he bought the car h.r woul,l | lisimm0viM ^
would V" 1llt?V mt ° r 11,0 ,g ", :U " mnli0 " ; the banker and tellcth
would.never ag uu bring on -the him to go
Sled’S f ‘ ,r “ ftPr . And wife lovetii him, and his
r ' ’ ,m0 ‘ kids seek the paths of righteousness
For knoiv ye, my children, that and he is held up as an example if
he who buys a car buys ' r uble his thrift, and enterprise. And he rnl-
tloys are full.of cuss words and la- vocatcs dipping vats and no fence.
l>or; his nights are restless, and Ids and other things that make .stock
o.xpeitso account climbs like a gourd- raiding easy,
vine in June. But he. who puts his And he qujttoth raising cot ton
money into registered stock, invests and other hard work, and stnndeth
as diil the wise tnatrwho improved back and wiitchcth his cat,tie grow
Ins talents, and hi.s days shall lie and his bank account pile up
lull of plenty and his nights of case, His bull now worth $000. Two
while his expense drops to the cel- regisibiredcalves worth $430; seven
I mixed blooded calves and yo.it>
We will take a glance through higs$400, $1,750.
the orb of experience, at what but, best, of all, his profits have
might bo expected of the purchaser J Usl begun to come in. As the
luring 1 ho two-year limit. years pass, his stock increases in
He with the new Ford starts out value > nnd in keeping with them
as a proud and stiff-necked man. us 1:11111 takes on a now , nppent-
IIe thinketh he knowoth all about aiK ‘' of thrifty and well being,
running the shebang, and putteth when ho bought that regia-
her in high. Behold, she slnmmeth tor ® d bul1 ho crossed the rubicon
him against the telephone polo and | ln dedsi°n, and turned his back
the bystanders gather ' the frag- lui al * thue on the one-erop, back-
incuts. Repairs, $35;/siliconi $20; I f^roukiug, South improvershing
lost time, ■$?.’ ld ta.
' He taketh his family for a joy L se ' rvcd no f‘ cu to thc world
ride, and to show off 'boginneth to f ^ n ° '° UgC 1 r “ follow # f
hil'* her up. He moeteth his neigh- , u J0 1 und 1 c,,8tom ’ but was 11 «“«*
her on the highway in a Iwo-horso f ttpd '" , who . fought
wagon; the mules taketh fright and . lns . e f- And for tllc siunc
run into him. One broken axIe ' volk ^ got four-fold re-
one demolished wagon; four skinn- PT, 0 mone *
oJ shins, and the irate neighbor • f. 8 tj'e y^rs pass and prosperity
licketh the dickens out of him r,, ’ , W ‘U llavo money to spare
Garage bill, $55; new wagon, SOO; , P ° rhaps can buy ft ua1- as 11
doctors’bill, S25; lost time $8:1 UMl °l B , ut , he wdI not have to
buy u Ford—he will have money
enough to purchase an automobile.
If a farmer has $400, there should
a ] be no hesitation between a regis-
doetors’ bill, $25; lost time $8;
what his wife said for the next six
months — ?—?—?—.
He goeth on a journey for
needed rest and vacation. A tire I "T‘”“
,i, ,,, • , . . ,. teaed animal and a car as to which
b oweth up, a tack gets »n the ear- t . buy .. It |s B dedsion between
buret.or, he pumpeth her up eleven Povcrty and prosperity . _ Tiftoh
times, and walketh 8 miles' for G azotl e '
gaso. Finally, lie turneth, aVoun
md coiiietii back lioYhe and . sent
the garage man for t,lio leavings
Garage bill, $15: gaso$2; lost'time
worthless; loss of faith in himself,
and humanity, priceless.
He starteth to big meeting with
his family on Sunday and tlie car
hitteth a stump enroute and. they
get there just in time to hear the
- - 1 1JI Willic ixiwttr U1G
for feeding are a.so to be carried I closing song and seethe scraps of
out at the Experiment Farm. dinner the others had left.
In making sirup on the small He becometh stuck up end proud
farm outfits and marketing it, the and his neighbors look on him
need of greater uniformity and' askance, They shun him when
inore thorough skimming is goner- they meet him on tlie road and he
al y recognized. New apparatus, dri veth by like he was going for the
aiming at a better control of the ' stork.
■boiling, has been designed and is] His children catch the big head;
being fried out at the Station; his girls must have fine glad rags
wrup plant. Dwonptions of these „nd his boys stealeth out, his car
will bo published as soon as the over-night and drive the country
stage ol their development justifies) over.
and will then be available to man-1 He ldlleth his neighbors’ pigs
ufacturc to make the apparatus or j and chickens, and they fill his hide
sirup makers to use it.
THE DIFFERENCE
Tiflon, Gft.,
Editor Tifton Gdzctt:
A few days ago a gentleman
ask d me what would be the diff
erence in financial results in a
couple of years in a farmer paying
$400 for a registered bull, or $303
for a Ford automobile?
I will greatly appreciate jt, if you
will, in your wisdom, answer the
question. Yours truly,
J. J. L. Philips
Not owning either, we believe we
are qualified to answer theiqueslion
in an impartial, if not lucid manner.
The difference depends entirely
on which way the farmer Is headed.
If he ■ purchased the bull, lie
would invest in an asset; if he
„ ar- bought a Ford he would buy a lia-
leties familiar to the farmers of bilit.y.
this locality. More varieties of When he puts his money into a
promise are being collected, as op- registered bull, ho would buy somo-
portunity presents itself. Among thing that, would increase in value
the new varieties it is hoped that with each passing year, and
some may be found that not only increase
the cash value
with birdsliot..
Finally, he spendeth . his sub
stance for repairs and gasoline, and
toward the end of the second year
his ear so rattled that he is arrested
for disturbing the peace.
And the banker suoth his note
and the supply man cutteth off his
rations, and the guano seller taketh
his corn for the scent due, and the
sheriff liveth on the Ford, which
bringeth $3.20 for scrap.
And so he goeth back to the soil,
from whence he came. For verily,
I say unto you, the proud shall be
humbled and lie who hitteth the
High places shall fall.
As to the man who buyeth the
bull. He enrrieth his purchase
home and all the neighbors conic
to se,o.
Ilis scrub stock becometh scrubs
no longer; and those of ihe age lie
once sold for $10 bringctii him $50.
The sides of his cattle stick out
with fatness and he smoketh the
pij.c of content as-ho looketh upon
them.
So pleased is he with the bull
that he buys a registered cow, anti
selleth to his neighbors blooded
cattle at $400 a head.
And the news goeth out that he
is a wise man in his day aud ge. -
Good Cotton Seed
Will Be Scarce
Athens—The College of Agricul
ture warns farmers in t he boll wee
vil territory to at once make sure of
getting the best seed available for
boll weevil conditions. Later on
the probabilities are that desirable
seed wiil lie much Higher priced.
With a view to .determining the
best .varieties to use where the wee
vil has appeared, th.e College of
Agriculture has been conducting
tests for several years and has been
making many kinds of crosses in
breeding into a plant the desired
qualities of earliness, diseases re
sistance and good yields. Ail va-
plant breeders
rielies that other
have developed for boll weevil con
ditions have been given trials, and
at the present time the plants of
thp Collego permit of a comparison
of the bobavicr of each. A careful
record hgs been made of quantities
of cotton obtained at cacti picking,
those turning out tlie largest
amount of cotton for the first pick
ing, of course, beirg preferable to
others for boll weevil conditions.
Many farmers have visited the
Colleges and are still coming, also
cotton oil and business men, to ob
serve what the plats teach with
reference to desirable cotton varie
ties for use in boll weevil territory.
A very interesting feature to the
visitors has been tlie types of cot
ton developed by the plant breed
ers of the College. It is a matter
ol wonder to all that there are so
many kinds of cotton, varieties be
ing grown that come from all parts
of the world. A great many cross
es are made each year to develop
some new and desirable type of
plant. Those that have proved
most promising have been contin-
U d and perfected through selection.
Some excellent and very promis
ing,,strains of cotton have been
perfected in this way, the benefits
of which, of course, the farmers of
tlie state arc entitled to. Results
of the tests on thc cottou plats are
H
I
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About Meat
Any old kind cf teeth
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There is none tenderer,
none juicier, none better,
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R. P. BENNETT,
The Grocer Who Seeks to Pleas
!
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It is hard for any customer to resist the appeal of thc
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JEWELER Cairo, Ga,
being completed ns fast as possible
and as soon as the year’s work, is
done, a circular will be issued show
ing what has been' obtained, the
specially .interesting part of which
will be tlie amounts of cotton ob
tained at first and second pickings
as it will be these pickings that will
reveal what cottons are likely to
bring best results where the weevil
is found.
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