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,/-~\“|n Honor
By ELMO SCOTT WATSON
>■ —NE May day some five
I, v I years ago a little: group
,W 7 Wf °f notables, among them
_-.iA^, r ,)ui Franklin K. Lane, sec
rotary of the interior,
ssss ifi Gov. George W. I*. Hunt
Iff] lflf Arizona and Bishop
J i I ill .Julius W. Atwood of the
Episcopal church of
7 Arizona, assembled at
Maricopa Point on the rim of the
Grand Canyon and, with Harry It.
'Brittle, son of former Gov. F. A. Brit
tle, as master of ceremonies, formally
dedicated a massive monument of na
tive rock, bearing a bronze tablet with
a portrait in bas-relief and these
words:
“Erected by the Congress of’ the
United States to Maj. Wesley Powell,
first explorer of the Coldrado river,
who descended the river with his
party In row boats, traversing the
gorge beneath this point August 17,
ISOS), and again September 1, 1872.’'
This tardy honor was paid to the,
lender of that little band of men who
a half century before had braved the
treacherous red torrent sweeping
along between its rocky walls 5,000
feet below where their memorial now
stands and had accomplished an un
{lertakjng which men had' called Im
possible.
f The other day another monument
was erected to the intrepid explorer,
but this time it was far from the
scene of exploit which brought him
fame. It was on the campus of an
institution of higher learning In tlie
Middle West, Illinois Wesleyan Uni
versity at Bloomington, 111., of which
Powell was an alumnus, nnd from,
which he resigned his position on the
faculty In 1808 to set out on his great
adventure In the Southwest. He never,
lost Interest *n his Alma Mnter, nnd
In Inter years when he was holding
important scientific positions under
the United States government he made
numerous contributions to its museum,
which was named In his honor. So lt
was particularly appropriate that this
year’s senior class st Wesleyan la
choosing a class memorial to leave at
the university decided upon a monu
ment to the man who not only gave
the first scientific Impulse to that In
stitution, hut who often later guided
and quickened that Interest. The
marker stands at the south entrance
of the main building of the university
and bears this Inscription:
In honor of Major J. M. Powell,
professor of natural science, Illi
nois Wesleyan University, 1865-
68. Explorer of the Grand Can
yon of the Colorado. 1867-1872.
Erected by the Class of 192 J.
The feat which provided the Inspira
tion for the erection of these memo
rials In widely separated parts of the
country was one of the most brilliant
In the history of American explora
tion and indirectly It gave to the
American people one of their finest
national parks. Today the citizen of
the United States cho has not seen
the Grand canyon has pot even begun
to “See America First,” but up to the
time of Powell’s exploration of the
Colorado river not one American In a
hundred thousand had gazed upon Its
wonders.
The first white man to view the
awe-inspiring chasm was Don Garcia
Lopez de Cardenas, a lieutenant of
Coronado, who visited It about 1540,
long before the first English-speaking
peoples had settled on the Atlantic
coast. But for the next 250 years,
the canyon, hidden away In an almost
inaccessible part of the, country and
surrounded by a vast desert, attracted
little attention. It may have been
visited by some of the wandering free
trappers who were pushing their way
Into every corner of the West within
a score of years after the Louisiana
""/i v
purchase had given the young repub
lic of tbe United States a vqst trans-
Mississippi empire, hut it 'was not
until March, IS2G, that there is any
authentic record of another white
man’s eyes resting tupon it.
In that month James O. Pattie, who
'with Ids- brother Sylvester Pattie
made the first overland trip to Cali
fornia (Incidentlly antedating General
Fremont, the famous “Pathfinder,”, by
nearly two decades), stood upon the
rim, of the canyon. He came not tp
admire, ns Is the custom 6{ travelers
today, but .to. curse the precipitous
walls because they prevented his
crossing the Colorado In his westward
journey. Besides there were no beaver
to be trapped on the arid plateau
above the canyon and Puttie’s party
was a little band of trappers, jSo
they followed along the east bank of
the river for 300 miles before they
could . find a crossing. Pattie’s visit
Is one of historical record -but ho
more, for the existence of the; canyon
did not receive official recognition
until 1857, when It was mentioned In
a report on the navigability of-the
Colorado made to the War department
by Lieutenant Joseph C. Ives (later a
colonel in the Confederate army).
Nor was much more heard of It for
another ten years nnd Powell deter
mined to dispel some of the mystery
surrounding the gigantic gorge by ex
ploring the Colorado river and making
scientific studies of that region. So
he resigned his professorship at IJli
nols Weslynn nnd, bncked by that In
stitution and the Chlcngo Academy of
Sciences, he departed for the West to
orghnlke his expedition. The whole
story of that thrilling trip is too long
to be told here. Fortunately Its perils
and achievements have been ade
quately chronicled by Frederick S.
Dellenbaugh, one of the three surviv
ing members of the party and now an
author of note, in his book, “Breaking
the Wilderness.”
Late In May, 18(19, Powell assem
bled his party in Wyoming on the
Green river, which, by junction with
the Grand river, forms the Colorado,
and started out with these ten men in
four open boats to float down the
river. Long before they reached the
Grand canyon they had lost one of
their boats and with It most of their
Instruments and a large part of their
provisions. They had set out with
ten months’ supplies but they were
now reduced to a ten days’ supply of
musty flour, a few dried apples and
an abundance of coffee. Undaunted
*>v the experiences they had already
gone through they entered the can
yon and on August 17 floated past the
point where their memorial now
stands.
For the next two weeks they strug
gled with the raging river, In constant
danger of death from whirlpools and
falls. They lost another boat, hut
kept on. Two or three days before
they succeeded In passing through the
cnnyon three of the party became dis
heartened and abandoned the expedi
tion. only to meet their deaths at the
hands of hostile Indians. This was
the only loss of life on the whole trip
of three mouths. Powell was not sat
isfied with just one trip through the
canyon and three years later he. re
peated the experiment, this time with
less privation than his party had ex
perienced on their pioneer Journey.
Powell’s exploits aroused popular
interest in the grand canyon. In ISSO
THE DANIELBVILLE MONITOR, DANIELSVILLE, GEORGIA.
Benjamin Harrison, then a senator
from Indiana, introduced a bill creat
ing the Grand Canyofi National park.
At that time the national park systefn
was still in its beginning. Congress in
,1832 hqd set apart the ‘‘Hot Springs
Reservation” in Arkansas. It hf\d, in ,
1564, granted the Yosemite, Valley to
California for a state park'. If had
in 1872 created Yellowstone —the first
national park in the- world. Blit Ari
zona was a wild Indian country to the
American people and the Canyon was
inaccessible by railroad. So the bill
died. £
In 'I9OB President Roosevelt pro
claimed the Grand canyotf'a*national
monument and left it in control Of
the recently-organized forest service
of the Agricultural department, which
was in charge of the newly-established
national forests." By tlrnt time a rail
road spur had been run to the South
Rim. Visitors i became increasingly
numerous and ejach became a personal'
publicity agent;for the canyon.
Popular demand on congress for a
Rational park act became insistent
hhd nation-wide, but politics blocked
•the establishment of the Grand Can
, yon National park until 1919 —just
fifty years after MaJ. John Wesley
Powell had risked his life tn bringing
to the countryjs attention one of the
wonders of the.' world.
All of Powell’s claim to fame does
not, however, rest upon his career as
an explorer. He had a good record
as a soldier in the Civil war. Born In
New York in 1834, the son of a Meth
odist -minister, and educated at Ober
lin, Illinois college and Illinois Wes
leyan, he was. teaching school in Illi
nois at the outbrenk of the wa,r. . He
immediately enlisted as a private in
the Twentieth Illinois volunteer In
fantry and although he lost his right
arm at the battle of Shiloh, he con
tinued In the service to the end of the
war, coming out of It as lieutenant
colonel of the Second Illinois artillery.
Then he returned to Wesleyan to
teach science, in which he had spe
cialized in college, and remained there
until 1868.
The result of the Colorado river ex
ploration was the appointment of
Powell as director of the United
States geological survey, a position
which he held until 1875. But his
greatest contribution to science was
In the capacity of founder and direct
or of the bureau of American eth
nology which was organized In 1879
and placed by congress under the
supervision of the Smithsonian Insti
tution.
Powell. set about his work with
characteristic energy and began the
task of classifying the entire ethno
logical field of America and selecting
those subjects that seemed to require
Immediate attention. In addition to
directing the work of the bureau, he
continued his writings and some of
them, notably his “Indian Linguistic
Families of America,” are among the
most valuable studies ever made In
the field of ethnology. He was ac
tively In charge of the bureau until
his death September 23. ¥>o2. The In
calculable value of the studies of the
vanished and vanishing races of
Americans, made by the institution
which he molded, to the United States
government in dealing with the abo
rigines and to the cause of science In
general is a greater memorial to John
Wesley Poweil than any marker o f
stone and bronze can ever be.
mow WITH
STHONEfIPPEfIL
Well-Balanced Design Commends
This Small Residence.
SIMPLICITY ITS BIQ FEATURE
Fine Architectural Effect Is Gained
Without Adding to the Expense-
Timely Word on Subject
of Furniture.
By WILLIAM A. RADFORD
• Mr. William A. Radford will answer
questions erd give advice FREE OF
COST on all subjects pertaining to the
subject of building, for the readers of
this paper. On account of his wide
experience as Editor, Author and
Manufacturer, he Is, without doubt,
the highest authority on all these sub
jects. Address all inquiries to William
A. _ Radford, No. 1827 Prairie avenue,
Chicago, 111., and only inclose two-cent ■
stamp top reply.
An ordered, pleasing balance Is the
first characteristic of this bungalow,
with the snubbed gable smooth-,
ing the roof line, and the iouvr.d dor.-
mers catching the curvfed line of the
entrance portico with good effect. The
whole appearance of the frortt- Is
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vy. ; ■ E3“ ' ’■ ' rf.V \ •- i '
Porch'’
f.• I to'RM ■ ,
y,..|‘. '.tlWer V
h" * ■
; Dedßm. m\ Dining Rm '
13'xir ur.s-,12-
?\ ] " lIVINGRiT&^T.
I DEDRM P-t J l3 ' l ‘ L6 ' t
[-. ,3 ' x "' / |VEST I
U -35-" o" —— ■ iJio’s-^hhJ
Floor Plan.
pleasant, from the striped awnings
against the white colonial shingle?
and the gayly blooming flower boxes
beneath the windows and on the ter
race of the pergola at the side.
Our front doorway looks Inviting,
doesn’t it? The sidelights give tone
to the vestibule into which we enter
and a colonnaded or French door ar
rangement glve3 access to the living
room with fts fireplace. One end of
the fireplace permits a cosy lnglenook;
at the other side a door opens out
upon the terrace of the pergola and
makes the room attractive In the ex
treme. Double doors divide the liv
ing room from the dining room. The
latter has a built-in buffet and four
windows which give excellent light
ing. A door lends from the dining
room to the terrace, suggesting many
pleasant plenleky meals outdoors. In
fact, there is no reason why "this bun
galow should not meet with great
favor in the warm South and West.
The louvred dormers would do their
<hare; by keeping the attic well ven
tilated they help keep the Interior of
rhe house comfortable.
The kitchen, entered directly from
he dining room, is very compact and
is light on two sides. The sink Is
•flit at a window; the refrigerator
,s in the pantry and has an outside
Icing door. There is —T'--
this.. suggests, a pile e
kitchen tasks when the Sll !! 5 ' I!? ' st
other way and this part of the t %
is In shade. e
There are three bedrooms-tho
two being reached through the L '
room, end the one In front through!
docf opening aside from the ml!
vestibule. In the case of nc!
family, the latter room might b/!f
verted to other uses , such a 7,™
sewing room or office.
The interior of a bungalow n ke thl ,
ought to carry out the general noj
of simplicity given by the exterior
White enameled woodwork and door,
stained in any of the accepted colon
would harmonize well. The wall flu
Ishes are open to individual choice'
wall paper, paint or kn Isomine give
equally good results, provided the %
ishing tint is light rather than dark.
• I think there Is never anything as de
pressing as a room In which the colon
have been deepened so that there Is a
somberness rather than cheerfulness
in 'their' effect.
The' furniture is a moot question.
Personally. I fail to see the reason for
the presence of so much overstuffed
furniture in small residences. A divan
or sofa gives a legitimate excuse for
indulging' this liking, ifyou have it,
but in a small. house please try and
have your taste,for ovorstuffed furni
ture-stop right there. I have seen fine
roomß, amply dimensioned in ever;
way, made difficult hhd uncomfortable
to live in’merely-because the furniture
was' overlnrge. We can be'thankful
to our- -furniture ..manufacturers for
furniture which is amply strong
yet full of grace; copies of the no
furniture of the periods that ar ® g ’
and which fit well in a simple al _
low interior. Windsor chair . rf ,
of the quaint maple fuming
by our New England forefather ,
bean furniture, In its simp e
signs—all these fit well with
requirements. And the s—upe
window draperies the better.
Richest Field In History.
The Osage Indian lands In Ok
have produced more oil than i '
known field In history. Eighteen >
ago the first well was dr lle '„ S n
that time. 212,000,000 barrels
tapped. Only five dry °' s 0229
out of 800 developed. There ar
members of the Osage •• _
tribe, up to May 1. tb.J ’ ‘' vear .
$136,014,897 in W Jj rece ,tsd
every man, woman, and c
$11,700.
Please Pass the Buck.
Landlady—Mercy, I Just four "
rat in the pantry.
Boarder —Was he dead'
Landlady—No. Why? be
Boarder —I thought that n
starved to death.