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By JOHN DICKINSON SHERMAN
&W&QA HE name of Charles
,)00,,ttle Walcott, 1’h.1).,
*** EE.D- Sc.D., Is a liouse
y—hold word in America,
fi / £*2 | wherever there is Inter-
I A J|Sl\|| est in natural history,
IV\ yV//| geology or any one of
several other sciences,
f All good Americans
j “ '' know about the Smitli
ronlan institution at Washington and
to them Dr. Walcott is the Smithson
ian institution. And to many thou
sands he has been the United States
National museum and the National
Academy of Sciences and the United
States geological survey. His other
activities have been many. Among
them are these: From 1002-7 he had
charge of the organization and con
duct of the United States reclamation
service. He wns secretary of the Car
negie institute during 1002-5, Its formn
tlve period. During the World war he
was chairman of the national advisory
committee for aeronautics and chair
man of the military section of the
national research council. He is with
out question the foremost geologist of
America and his fame ns n geologist Is
worldwide, llis name is also known
all over the world through the re
search expeditions of the Smithsonian
Institution, llis fame as an organizer
and executive is scarcely less than
his fame as a scientist.
His election to the presidency of the
American Association for the Advance
ment of Science is therefore fitting.
Tlie A. A. A. S. is the largest organiza
tion of scientists in the world. It lias
approximately 12,(X)0 members in tlie
United States and Canada. And it
has booh a going concern for seventy
five years. Its activities are pretty
comprehensive; all sciences apparent
ly look alike to its membership. Tills
attitude is quite up to date and In
strict keeping with the times. Science
in our modern civilization bulks large
as the friend of every activity of life.
The scope of the Interests of the
A. A. A. S. is shown by a resolution re
cently passed. It is an unusual "resolu
tion, of interest to several million
Americans who have only the vaguest
ideas about paleontology, could not
tell a braehipod from a triloblte and
have no leaning whatever toward the
Lower Paleozoic sedimentary forma
tion. This resolution heartens tremen
dously the vast army of nature-lovers
lu the United States and Canada who
are fighting to preserve the national
parks of both countries from the per
sistent attempts at Invasion by com
mercial Interests.
The preamble of this resolution sets
‘forth that tlie national parks consti
tute a system of “National Museums
of Native America”; that the com
bined national park systems of the
United States and Canada if pre
served will constitute a “unique con
tinental exposition of Inestimable val
ue to science and to the popular edu
cation of future generations”; that at
the option of a single government offi
cial several of the American parks
and all but one of the Canadian parks
are open to mining and grazing; that
the control of waterpower in the fu-
Lure American parks has been recent
ly surrendered by congress to the
waterpower commission, and that in
terference with the natural condition
of these parks will destroy tlielr use
fulness to science and education. The
resolution Is:
“Resolved, That the American As
sociation for the Advancement of
Science earnestly requests the people,
and congress of the United States and
the people and parliament of the
Dominion of Canada to secure such
amendments of- existing law and the
enactment of such new laws as will
give to all units in the international
parks system complete conservation
alike and will safeguard them against
every industrial use either under
private or public control, at least
until careful study shall justify the
elimination of any part from park
classification.”
In the United States the “National
Turks Army of Defense” Is solidly or
ganized. This “army” is an atllliation
of scores of organizations, many of
them with nation-wide membership.
They may be said to center around
tlie National Parks association. Across
the International boundary line the
nature-lovers are not so well or
ganized. The first response to the ac
tion of the A. A. A. S. Is the organiza
tion of tlie National Parks Associa
tion of Cannda, with directors repre
senting the Dominion from Montreal
to Vancouver.
“The National Parks of North
Amerlen” is an idea that is popular on
both sides of the line. There is sin
cere co-operation between the park
officials of the two countries. “Scenic
beauty is international," says Commis
sioner J. B. Hnrkin of Canada. "I
sincerely hope for the larger develop
ment of national park roads until tlie
two peoples are given easy access to
the finest scenic attractions of the
globe,” says Director S. T. Mather of
the national park service.
Dr. Walcott is a born geologist, not
made —at least so far as university
education is concerned. He was born
in New York Mills, N. Y., In ISol, and
at the age of thirteen was making
systematic collections of fossils and
minerals, lie was graduated from the
Utica academy in 1808 and within two
years was engaged in making a col
lection of limestone fossils at Trenton
Falls. The death of Louis Agassiz cut
short bis plan to study under that
great naturalist and he began his pro
fessional career in IS7G ns an assistant
to Janies Hall, state geologist of New
York. Rapid, indeed, was his rise
thereafter.
Institutions of learning have shown
appreciation of his work. His honor
ary doctorates have come from Hamil
ton, University of Chicago, Johns
Hopkins, 'University of Pennsylvania,
Yale, St. Andrews, Pittsburgh, Uni
versity of Cambridge (England) Har
vard and Royal Fredericks university
(Christiania).
He is an honored member of scores
of scientific societies In several coun
tries. Tlie Geological Society of Lon
don awarded him tlie Bigsby and Wol
laston medals; Soclete Geologique de
France, the Gnudry medal; the Acnd
THE DANIELBVILLE MONITOR, DANIELSVILLE, GEORGIA.
emy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia,
the Hayden medal; the National
Academy of Sciences, (he Mary Clark
Thompson medal.
The results of his many Investiga
tions have been given to the world
chiefly through the publications of the
United States geological survey or the
Proceedings of the United States Na
tional Museum, and more recently, the
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections,
and in addition to these sources there
have been frequent papers in the
American Journal of Science and sim
ilar publications, botli at home and
abroad. His entire bibliography Is
therefore quite extensive and includes
JMTtarrAZ- A JCZ&rCgS
more than one hundred titles of major
Importance.
Tlie Smithsonian institution, of
which Doctor Walcott lias been secre
tary since 1907, is a *>lg thing and is
practically the parent of many of the
scientific bureaus of the government.
Tlie establishment of it is a story in
itself.
The Smithsonian institution was
established seventy-eight years ago un
der the terms of the will of James
Smithson, who bequeathed his fortune
“to the United States of America, to
found at Washington, under the name
Smithsonian institution, an establish
ment for the increase and diffusion of
knowledge among men.” This bequest,
amounting to $541,379.63* was formal
ly accepted by congress and tlie
Smithsonian institution was estab
lished by act approved August 10,
1846.
James Smithson (1705-1829) was an
Englishman. lie was the natural son
of Hugh Smithson (afterward Percy),
who became the first duke of North
umberland of the third creation. James
was horn in France and was taken to
England when a child. He was nat
uralized as a British subject and en
tered Pembroke college, Oxford, where
lie specialized in chemistry atul min
eralogy and received the degree of M.
A. in 1786.
Smithson, the story goes, made ef
fort to gain recognition under the
name of Percy from his blood rela
tives. This was refused. Thereupon
lie declared that he would make the
name of Smithson famous when the
name of Percy was forgotten—and
drew up his will providing for the
Smithsonian institution.
Smithson died in Genoa and was
buried on the heights of San Benigno.
In 1904, at tlie suggestion of Dr. Alex
ander Graham Bell, his body was
brought to America, sealed in the orig
inal tomb and placed within a mor
tuary chapel erected near the entrance
of tlie institution.
Smithson’s bequest has tyeen in
creased from time to time by gifts
and legacies, of Which the most notable
was $200,000 in 1891, given by Thomas
G. Hodgkins.
The Smithsonian institution is legal
ly an establishment of which the mem
bers are the president and vice presi
dent. the chief justice and the presi
dent cabinet.
UiKier direction of (lie Smithsonian
institution are the National Gallery of
Art; Bureau of American Ethnology;
National Zoological park; Astrophysl
cal observatory; United States Na
tional museum; National Academy of
Sciences; National Research council,
and International Catalogue of Scien
tific Literature.
Comparison of the two portraits
shows that advancing years and many
activities have left their mark. Bat
tlie “Increase of knowledge among
men" Ims been great because of his
work.
Western Colonial Two-Story ~ '
Residence Is an Ideal Home
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By WILLIAM A. RADFORD
Mr. William A. Radford will answer
questions and give advice FREE OF
COST on all subjects pertaining to the
subject of building, for the readers o'
this paper. On account of his wide
experience as Editor, Author and
Manufacturer, he is, without doubt,
the.hig-hest authority on all these sub
jects. Address all inquiries to William
A. Radford. No. 1827 Prairie avenue,
Chicago, 111., and only inclose two-cent
stamp for reply.
As the colonial settlers emigrated
westward they carried with them
some of" the good qualities which
made them excellent pioneers, and we
owe this kind of residence to the
ones who emigrated from New Eng
land to the west. The general char
acteristics of the colonial house un-
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First Floor Pian.
derwent a slight change; the eaves
were strengthened as a protection
from the most insistent western sun
light and also from the winds and
storms which swept along the
prairies more often and more fiercely
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Second Floor Plan.
than they even did along the New
England hills and valleys.
So now we have a house like this,
characteristic of tlie middle states,
and to be met with as far west as
Oregon. The exterior is of siding, but
brick or stucco could be used with
equally good results. There are two
porches. The front one leads into
rhe reception hall and the one at the
side opens ont from the living room
through long French doors.
Tlie living room occupies almost one
whole lower half of the house, with a
fireplace so placed as to add to the
general attractiveness of the room.
Occupying the other half is the kitch
en and the dining room. Observe that
the spacing of the reception hall is
amply large enough for the installa
tion of a handsome staircase. It is
very gratifying to note how of late
years there lias been a resurgence of
tlie staircase ns a decorative element
>n a home interior. It is now possible
o secure very fine ones quite renson
. 'ily and fully equal in attractiveness
■id construction to the best of early
’ nial times when there were stair-
cases whose beauty has remained n s g
continual inspiration since.
Upstairs are four bedrooms, ar
ranged with bathroom on a central
hall. The bathroom has two fail
sized windows, making it a place ol
light. We have often wondered why
the tendency has been to make the
bathroom smaller than it ought to be.
There used to be an idea that a bath
room required concealment, but in
these days of figured glass and cheap
curtains a window ought to be pro
vided which would ventilate well and
give father ample light to shave by
when lie hurries to get ready for work
of mornings.
The generously dimensioned porches
suggest that one might use these,
glassed in, for extra rooms. In winter
they could be made comfortable by
proper provision for heating ami in
summer the use of made-to-order
screens would make them the most
preferred rooms of the house.
A dwelling like this gains much by
simple landscaping to make the mos*
of its natural advantages. H ere !10
lawn was raised just a bit al>o\e t
sidewalk level, yet it bases the huiL-o
one might say, and sets it off to ■e
ter advantage.
If finished in wooden siding t!llS
house will look well in other
than white. Yellow body with
trim would be well, so would hgiir
green with white trim, or graj |
white trim. If finished in stucco, J- •>
or white or cream color wool'
ideal. It would make a fine h.n
house, using cream or red brick
having the window and cornice
white for contrast.
Golf Ball Kills Bird.
A bluejay was killed by ag° 1 . ‘
driven from tlie eighteenth tee on
club links at Hempstead, N. ‘
cently. The president of the go** _
was playing in a foursome anu
the first to drive off. As he ?
the ball the bird flew from a
nearby, and ball and bird f eu
getlier to the tee.