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THE MAO OH TELEGRAPH: THURSDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 25, 1894.
THE MACON TELEGRAPH
PUBLISHED EVERY DAY IN THE YEAR
AND WEEKLY.
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Macon, Go.'
PUBLISHER’S NOTICE.
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A GUIJAT FAIR.
A wntleman wlto lias had an oppor
tunity to Judge, because ho lina at
tended ull of them, said yesterday Hint
the fair now open on our ground* was
the host which ho had over known In
Georgia, without exception. It is true,
he nuld, that In certain departments,
nnd ho mentioned machinery as one of
them, one or two other expositions
during pnnt years In Georgia bad been
fuller than the Dixie Fair now going
on. But, he added, the Dixie Fnlr
much more than mado up tbla defi
ciency by Us fullness la other direc
tions. There has never, ho said, been
in Georgia an agricultural exhibition
that would compare with that at this
fair, nor such a display of nil kinds of
live stock. In tho features of tlio fnlr
which oro intended ’ncroly to nmuao
tho public, tho Dixie Fair wnn far
ahead of anything he had over seen.
All of this Is a great deal to say, but
the Telegraph believes that It la a fair
ly accurate statement uf tho facta lu
tho case. Tho Dixlo Fair Is a great
fair. It Is worthy of tho patronago of
all people who can reach It with a rca-
Bonnblo outlay of money. It is but
just beginning, and .tho attendance Is
already fair. Wo hope that by tbe end
of this week tbo attendance will ho in
proportion to tho merits of tbo attrac
tion— tliut la to say, that It will bo very
large. Tho times are hard nnd tho
price of cotton low, hut nevertheless
She money Invested to making tho trip'
to Macon nnd to the fair will bo Trail
Invested and wlU bring largo returns.''.
povmtNoit NormiKN's message
Wo print olsewlienf tills morning tho
last annual message of Governor Nor-
then to tho legislature. Its recom
mendations nro worthy of'a man who
has shown himself to be ono of the
most enlightened nnd public-spirited
governor* tho stato 1ms over lmd. If
tho legislature will follow his recom
mendations In respect to reform of tho
election laws, tho penal laws and tho
proper support of the school system,
It will have Immortalised Itself when
it anally adjourns.
Much of tho message, of course,
merely conveys Information to tho law
making body in regard to die operation
of state Institutions, tho condltlou of
the state's tluancea, and so on. But
the matter of greatest Importance is
the manner In which the governor deals
With certain unsettled durations In our
polities, which have been pressed upon
tho attention of tho public during re
cent years, and tbe soltlotncut of which
Is being demanded. The governor uu-
hesitatingly says tlmt tho Increase of
crime In this stato Is “not so much at
tributable to the growing had morals
of tho people as to tho Induing sys
tem found In our chaingnug* and short
terms la tho penitentiary, without
moral restrictions and helpful Intitt-
cnees.” There is much reason to be
hove that tu Oils matter die governor
Is right. More frequently than not,
when a serious crime ts committed. It
Is found that the perpetrator of It Is
nu old criminal, even though he * bo
young In years, having served a term
In tho Georgia penitentiary, appropri
ately called by the governor a tralniug
system in crime. This fact suggests
tho remedies urged by Governor Nor-
then. Ho thinks, first, that the young
criminals ought to be separated from
the old and hardened ones, and. second,
that the state ought to provide a train
ing school, in which theso young of
fended against the law may bo taught
Useful trade* and thus withdrawn from
the habitually criminal class. Wo do
not think anybody who knows any
thing about penology, or has psid at
tention to the vtAtUttra of Northern
penitentiaries, can doubt that. Gorcr>
nor Korthen, In this matter, is right,
even If the matter be considered only
from an economic standpoint. It ts
cheaper to take a yonng la.l, who has
offended against the law largely
l hr'Ugli ignorance anil because of a
bsT environment rather than because
ho Is himself congenitally bad, and
make of blm a good citlren through ed
ucation and tho acquirement of n use
ful trade, than to permit Uds samo lad
to become an accomplished criminal,
preying through all bis life upon the
earnings of tho Industrious part of
the community. Of course, however,
there tt another and even more Import
ant point of view from which this mat
ter should bo considered. Such a lad,
eveu though an offender against the
law, Is not a mere brute, which tho
state should punish and force to labor,
but a bimiau being still, with many of
tho possibilities of doing good, of suf
fering, of attaining happiness, that
other men hare. The mere fact that
bo has transgressed human law docs
not put him outside of the pale of hu
man sympathy, nor relieve the com
munity at large of it* responsibility
for blm.
Oovemor Northen writes strongly of
the necessity of reforming our election
laws. lie very truly say* that wo have
reached a period In our political his
tory that compels a strict regard for
the security of elections through the
purity of tho ballot. Ho dues not make
sped tin recommendations In this re
gard, contenting himself with Impress
ing upon tho legislature the importance
of achieving certain results amt leaving
to that body tho suggestion of the
means of accomplishing it Tbe gov
ernor, however, seems 'to think that
what Is needed Is a stato registration
law. In Uto opinion of tho Telegraph,
no registration law, however benellclal
It might prove, can be a complete rem
edy for tho evils of which the electors
of the state bare a right to complain.
Almost hny registration law, however
carefully drawn, would work Injustice
In certain quarters, and would bo Bub-
Ject to evasion in others, though It Is
possible, if the law made the tax col
lectors also Ute registrars and tho re
ceipt for taxes tho certificate of regis
tration, that most of tho practical <11111-
cultlce would bo overcome, though a
very large number of people may Vie
disfranchised. As we have said on for
mer occasions, howover, the remedy
for our election troubles mutt bo found
In moro horolo treumont than even a
registry law of this kind* Wo llilnk
It should put In operation n low edu
cational test of tho voter's knowledge
and Intelligence. Anything short of
this nuty not wholly fall of benefiting
tho state, hut It will fall short of boing
a complete remedy for our troubles.
Governor Xorthon's official llfo is
about to close. Wo think that he can
look back over It with as much satis
faction os tiny goveruur Georgia has
had In many years. Ho his been nn
exceedingly conscientious, careful, In
telligent nnd patrlotlo official, nnd he
retires with tho respect of every Intel
ligent person who lias taken the trouble
to keep up with tho acts of his admin
istration. His Inst message Is worthy
of his career, mid wo hope that tho
legislature will havo the courage to
carry out Its mala reeummendatlon*,
oven though n considerable expenditure
of publlo money bo necessary In doing
so. Economy docs not always consist
of obstinately closing tho purse; nnd
this Is a case, wo think, whero true
economy dcmamlii that money be spent.
cumous and stfsricious.
Tho Atlanta Constitution thinks ,St
curious and suspicious (hut Democrats
who favor International bimetallism
strengthen tbelr position by adopting
overy argument Invented by tlio nilvo-
oales of tho single gold standard."
What Is meant, we suppose, Is that tho
sincerity of such Democrats Is open to
question, because of tho company they
keep. Wo do not think so, for tho rca-
Bon that many of the arguments to
which fito Constitution refers as argu
ments in favor of tlio singlo gold stand
ard are Intended to show that the free
coinage of silver at tho Id to 1 rati*
would result in sliver monometallism
Instead of gold monometallism—a
change for tho worse. Thero Is nothing
In any national Democratic platform
which the position of the Telegraph on
this question—ami tho Telegraph's po
sition 1s especially mentioned by the
Constitution—antagonizes.
If It bo “curious ond suspicious" for
Democrats who call themselves bimet
allists to employ any argument against
silver monometallism which has heeu
employed In tho same service by Dem
ocrats who bcllovo In tho single gold
Mandat'd, what must bo thought of
Democrats who call themselves bimet
allists, bat employ all tho arguments
of those who nrv opposed to a bimet
allic stsiulunl of any kind; who openly
ray that they favor irredeemable green
backs, os tlio Populists do; tho silver
standard, as the Populists do; any
thing, In fact, rather tlnm the prvscut
financial system, as tho Populists do.
Tho first of these Democrats subjects
himself, aoeonliug to tho Coootiutlcn,
to suspicion of his sincerity, merely
because ho thinks that bimetallism may
ho reached only in a certain way.
Then tho other Democrat, the kind of
Democrat uf which the Constitution Is
an example, lias no right to couipLiln,
If, using all the argument of tho Pop
ulists and shariug their purposes and
desires, he fiuds himself also under
suspicion of a want of loyalty to his
party principles and to his party or
ganization.
In the same issue of tho Constitution
we find a long and carefully written
article, la which an attempt Is mado
to ahow that Dr. Felton should not ruu
as a Populist candidate against Judge
Maddox, practically the only reason
given being that Jndge Maddox, as a
congressman, did everything that Dr.
Felton would have done had ho been
In cougresa, sitting as a Populist Tlmt
ts to ray, the Constitution believes that
□o Populkri should run against Judge
Maddox because tho latter Is just as
good a Populist as can bo found, on
tbe silver question. It says of blm
that he voted for the free coinage of
silver anil against the repent of the
purchasing clauso of Gto Sherman act,
and asks: What moro ceuld Dr. Fel
ton have done, either os a Democrat
or as a Populist? This argument may
bo effective In tho Seventh district.
Third party people may voto for Mr.
Maddox because they think that he Is
Just as good a' Populist as Dr,- Felton,
and may be moro useful because of his
party affiliations.
But argument of tills kind in favor
of Judge Maddox must bo rather em
barrassing to Mr. Black lu tho Tenth
district, Mr. Black, It will be remem
bered, voted for the repeal of the Sher
man act. If Judge Maddox ought to
bo rc-elccled because be voted against
that repeal nnd because Dr. Felton
could have done no more, then dues
It not logically follow that Mr.
Black should be defeated because ho
voted for the repeal and Tom Watson
In bis place would have voted tbe other
way? It certainly seems to us that If
Maddox’s voto Is a sufficient reason
why ho should bo re-elected, Black’s
vote Is a sufficient reason why he
should bo defeated—arguing, of course,
in both cases from tho Constitution's
point of view—the point of view which
it Is trying to Induce tho Democrats
of this state to adopt.
OLD CUSTOMS IN VIRGINIA.
Hie Manners ot a Hundred Years Ago
Still Found In Some Places.
The genuine untouched Virginian ot to
day. says a correspondent, has often been
declared to be the most complete survival
ot eighteenth century England now tn ex
istence. There are certain eighteenth cen
tury customsand phrases and mannere In
common u^e here that have not been
heard of In a hundred years tn England.
One of the quaintest Is a custom ot the
road which died out tn England -when the
post road and the traveling chariot went
out of vogue.
In those days It was considered almost
un affront for one traveling In a carriage
to drive past another going In the same
way. The traveling class generally was
made up of tbe rich and leisurely, ond as
they bowled along In their conches to
have another coach dash by nnd give back
Its dust and perhaps Incite the coachman
to a race was considered highly indecor
ous. To "take one’s dust" was a com
mon expression of contempt. The custom
was not without Its uses to Its day. But
will It be believed that at the close of
the nlenteenth century this etiquette ot
the road Is rigidly maintained, and that
among well-bred people each equipage
tins to take tho gait of the slowest?
True tt Is. some Ineonoctasts and out
siders drive post their fellow-travelers
without compunction, but they, therefore,
prove their claim to be colled Iconoclasts
iia.it outsiders. When It Is a very v
case, an .apology is called, out si
■'Pray excuse me, but my horse
loss,” or ”1 am In haste to catch the
boat,” or something of the kind. But to
drive ruthlessly ahead without a word of
opology is considered the acme of in
breeding.
The roads in this part of the world are
not Interesting, except for their natural
beauty, na the people of wealth, follow
ing their English ancestors in practice,
sought a proud eccluston for tbelr houses.
Only the poorest people built their houses
on the main road, and ono may- travel
from ono end of this fair country, to the
other and not find a single handsome res
idence on the public hlghyaw. There was
another nnd very practical reason* for ab
juring the publlo highway. Every man's
house wan at the service of every man.
woman nnd child tn the county.
An Arab hospitality obtained, and was
enjoyed to the full. The people who had
undesirable homes were always willing to
bestow their company upon their moro
fortunate neighbors so that it wouldn't
do to be too convenient to the main nr-
terieB of travel. Especially was this no
when, a visit from a faintly meant the
entertaining of two coach horses, a coach
man nnd n mold, for tho negroea went
vliltlng with the whlto people and cn-
Jryed It os much. Hospitality was ono of
their great virtues, and is stilt, for these
people excel In social virtues, and this
particular vlrtuo costs little.
It only meant the killing ot a half dozen
or more chickens tor dinner, when there
were hundreds, perhaps, scratching about
tn the poultry yard: and the gardens were
overgrown with vegetables for which
there was neither solo or consumption.
Then- wore I"- houses full of too nnd
mwulowa full of cows, ond tee cream was
manufactured tn tin bucket, turned about
In u keg of Ice and salt. It took two
woonen and a man and ft boy to make
Ice cream, but tt took that many to do
everything.
Tho lee houses are among tho most pic
turesque features In tho landscape here.
A great mound of earth, thirty or forty
feet high, was thrown up around a place
that was bricked up and looked like a
gigantic well. This wua tlntslml at tho
top by a circular roof. The sides of the
mound were graded and turfed, and
made nice places for boys nnd girls to
roll down when the short, slippery crass
was wet
TOLD TO SIT DOWN.
Judgo Cole Dealt Summarily With a
Legal Prig.
Washington, Oct. lei,—Judgo Cole, In
tho District ot Columbia supremo court
today, decided that there was n law to
punish the commission ot crimes
ngainst the federal roverament, when
those crimes were committed within
the territory of tlio llstrlct. The eulu-
lon grew out of the application for n
writ of habeas corpus for William It
Smith, oue of the employes of the bu
reau of engraving and priming, charted
with stealing .VJ.000 postage stamp*
from tlmt bureau.
Tho defendant's attoraev. Mr. Hy
man D. Course, today assorted that tbo
court could not assume front tbo more
fact thnt tbo prisoner had boon com
mitted by tho police court that this
court had jurisdiction. Judge Cole “re
plied that ho not only could but would
u-ako that assumpt'.m, uu-1 said fur
ther that uhl-lws the defendant could
show that stealing from tlte govern
ment was uo crime, tbo petition for tbe
writ would bo dbuiiooL
Mr. Course proceeded to rend tho
law as he construed It to boar upon the
case at Issue, hut was Interrupted by
a statement of the court to-the effect
that hi* citations bad uo bearing upon
tlio question. Tbo attorney retorted
tlmt be would read what io thought
was proper In behalf of his client..
Judge Cole, with an ompuasi* that
could not be mistaken, replied that be
did not care to hear tne Attorney fur
ther nnd told him to tako his seat,
which he did. The court Ihcn dis
missed tho petition f„r writ of habeas
corpus and remanded tbe prisunor back
to Jail to await trial.
GOT SPRINGER'S MONEY.
Chicago. Oct 33.—V. * W. Johnson,
oilfiller and confidential man for War
ren Springer, the millionaire. Is miss
ing and with him $3,000 0 f Springer's
cash. Johnson drew the money front
the bank on 'Wednesday to meet tho
pay rolL He has left many creditors.
NORTHEN’S LAST MESSAGE.
□is Final Keonmneadationa to Hie
New General Assembly
of Georgia,
EXECUTIVE MATTERS ALL BIGHT
II* Wants ChsugM 1st th* P#n*l System,
JKoformution of the ChAlngung
Law and * 2fevr fnetfmtlou
of « Charitable Nature.
Atlanta, . Oct. 241 (Special.)—Gov.
Northen submitted his last message to
both houses of the general assembly
this morning.
TUB GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE.
The governor’s message was a very
comprehensive document, giving In de
tail the operations of the executive de
partment tor tbe past two years. Tbe
first 'topic touched upon Is the refunding
of tbe direct tax. The governor states
that there was received from the Fed
eral government the sum of 283,031.03.
The tax had been collected tn only five
counties, namely: Bibb, Chatham,
Clarke, Monroe and Richmond. Pay
ment of claims began in February, 1892,
and has continued to the present time.
On October 1. 1894. there remilned un
paid 513,870.39 of the original amount.
There are some claims hi process of
settlement: and It Is probable that quite
a number will be made within the next
two yeans: but It Is surmised that there
will rem-tlmd unclaimed something like
810.000 at the expiration of the six years.
The six yearn within all claims, to be
legal, must be filed with the governor,
will expire March 2. 1897.
The governbr also gives the result of
the operation by the state of the North-
eiiatem raMrtad. Mr. R. K. Reaves Is
the state agent, and under hls manage
ment the governor says that at tho ex
piration of tihe first six months of ser
vice the road had earned more -than
enough, above operating expenses, for
the payment of the ambunt of scml-an-
nuat interest on the bonds, and he had
ordered the same paid for the six
months covering the time of the con
trol of the property by the etqte. The
amount of Interest due at the time tho
road defaulted is still unpaid, ond It
must be oakl os determined by the gen
eral assembly, or tn the Judicious man
agement or sale of the road. The road
has not been put upon sale, because It
has ,piM sufficient Income to warrant
the state In operating it. nnd because it
was thought there would Ibe better op
portunity for Bate later on.
Mr. Reaves shows that the income of
tbe rona from November 20. 1893. to Au
gust 31. 1894. was 845.738.48. The ex
penses were 534.587.43. leaving a net ln-
oomo of $11,151.05. ben!dee a balance due
by 'other roads which brings the net
balance up to $12,003.79. The estimated
not Income for September 'was 8212.84
THE WESTERN AND ATLANTIC.
The report of the operations of the
Western and Atlantic road, leased to
the Nashville. Chattanooga nnd St.
Louis railroad shows the receipts ond
expenditures for tho three and a half
yearn during which the lease has been
4n operation to have been 85,031,995.55
ond 83,421.833.27. respectively, leaving
nctearndpga of $1,510,162.28. The rental,
- r . , cw l <1 taxes amounted to $1,609-
295.94, leaving a surplus of $800.31. The
amount expended for Improvemnt dur-
“k* the same period was 5671,640.83
•vA* commends tho manage-
monit <vf this important property. And
dltIon tlmt 11 to splendid physical con-
THE STATE'S PENAL SYSTEM,
saw: tlh<> Pena ‘ system 010 governor
'Besides the death penalty la certain
our Statutes we have ton?
vlo!?tfnn. mC ? 1 ? dS °! . punishment for
1st. confinement In
Sa * flne: M ' Imprison-
ment in mie county ohalngang; 4th.
penitentiary at lhard ,abor in the state
The entire system needs careful re-
view for the purpose of making 1m-
portant and radical changes. 1
il* '?, a quest lott worthy your eon-
"'•oj «» to ■whether ithe common
public should hear the expense for
maintenance of n criminal In thj coun
ty Jail after conviction, unless, be-
enuse of physical Infirmity, he may be
unable to hear heavier penalties under
severer nnd more disgraceful methods.
There are many grave objections to
™ alternative penalties Imposed by
My candid Judgment compels me to
beKeve tha't this system should be
greatly abridged.
In some cases I have reasons to
know tha't penalities would not have
been Inflicted at all were It not for
the fine to bo distributed In final set
tlement.
As executive of the state I have been
o*ked, time and again, to fix alter
native penalties In fines, when tho
Innocence of the party was .partially,
if not wholly, conceded.
It Is dangerous to (trust the liberties
and rights of the ipcople to such pow
erful temptations on the part of the
officers of the law. .**
Again, the social conditions that ex
ist In our state make It possible for the
fine to be paid by Innocent parties.
This system under* such policy
amounts, practically. In some sense to
compounding a crime.
The officers of our courts should be
paid fixed salaries, so th.it they may
be rellevd from temptation to wrong
doing towards unfortunate citizens,
•who can be convicted for a price.
COUNTY OH1AXNOANGS.
The governor says of nlhese: I have,
time and again, called the attention of
your predecessors to the lack of man
agement and car* In our county chaln-
K.mcs. Thf* iv.n.litt-ins of temporary
lease are exactly the same as obtain
in our stato penitentiary, excepft that
the term of sorlvce Is much shorter,
and yet the state’Civet efceolutely no
attention to the enforcement of the
law or the care of .the prisoners so
confined and punished.
Upon this subject the governor
quotes from hls message to the last
legislature on the same subject.
Further on he says: To make further
known to you the necessity for super
vision by the state tt may be proper
to say that during my term I have
ordered the discharge of prisoners
from the county camps who have been
detained by the authorities many days
after the order releasing them had
been Issued.
I now have on file In tibia office a
letter written to a worthy citizen of the
state by the lessee of a county chain-
gang, ottering to sell to him a convict
sent to hls camp by order of the court,
and disclosing the further fact that
he has enjjuged in this open violation
of the law as a general practice.
The etate cannot longer endure or
tolerate the shameful abuse of its
prisoners and maintain its high stand
ard of civilization.
Much has been said from tffne to time
through the press, in legislative de
bates and in public criticism denun
ciatory of our penktmtfnry system,
which Hi under good control and man
agement by competent t»:ale officials,
while our ohalngang system, exactly
the same in Its organization, is 5n no
sense guarded by the rotate, and Its
prisoners are left absolutely at the
mercy, In every possible sense, of the
chaimrang levees.
I ask your consideration of this mat
ter. and recommend that an additional
officer be ttttuoted to the penitentiary
department whose duty it shall be to
make and keep lu that office a proper
Highest of all in Leavening Power.—Latest L. S. Gov't Report
Absolutely pure
record of all county convicts, as Is now
kept of state convicts* and the enact
ment of such lotos as will bring these
prisoners under the same care and con
trol os is exercised over suite convicts.
1 J EN ITfJNTI Alt Y.
1 have no iuiuse lor complaint, against
t.vt_ ii.-aaocii of tilt; p.-n.tei..uii-y. On Ulu
oontrary, i desire again, to express my
continued appreciation of meir con
duct, management and uniform cour-
loy. xu -y u sve co-u^Tai«.M wua me
sta.e department, ana wiU> this office
in the Humane treatment of tne con
victs, and l nave bound them always
ready and prompt to obey as well as
enforce the lusw.
There have been some Irregularities
In the discipline, and an occasional
mutiny or rebellion among the con
victs, but th^se and more might have
been expected in .ihe'control of so large
a number of bud and unmanageable
people.
Tne officers in the tfUUDe department
have been painstaking and faithful.
The prisoners have been controlled
with little or no fNation, the sanitary
conditions of the camps are admirable,
and the death rate, from all causes, Is
remarkably small, being 1.6 per cent.
The principal keeper, assistant- and
principal physician have my unquali
fied commendation, in that they have
kept my administration free from
stain in the public mind and absolutely
clearclear of criticism affecting their de
partment toy /the general assembly dur
ing the entire term of their service.
REFORMATORY.
Our system needs to be further
amended by tho establishment of a
state reformatory or tmlnJng school
for young criminals.
During my term of office- I have or
dered and secured the separation of
the sexes and the races in^tke state
penitentiary, and the change has
worked great good to the system.
I have had no authority, under the
law, «to separate the younger offenders
from Che older and moro hardened
criminals. For the lack of such policy
the ibest Interests of the state have suf
fered greatly.
No argument Is needed to show the
permanent hurtful effects of an indis
criminate close confinement of all kinds
of offenders against the law.
The duty of the state Is not com
plete when the offender has been sim
ply punished, and It may be cruelly
abused. He deserves, and the Interests
of 'the state demand, that he shall be
made a better man.
Not only should the state secure the
moral Interests of Its prisoners against
tihe evil Influences of environment, but
it should give to these fallen people
such moral helps and training as will
make them better, upon restoration to
Ifberty and possible citizenship. This
Is especially ‘true of young criminals.
The increase of crime In the state Is
not so-much attribu table to tho grow
ing bad morals of the people as >to the
training system found in our chain-
gangs and short terms In the peniten
tiary, without moral restraint*and help
ful influences.
If we keep abreast the ctvUttttKm
of ithe times and improve tho moral
standard of our people, we must use
mere humane treatment for - youthful
offenders against 1110 law.
I earnestly recommend a suitable ap
propriation for the eafcalblishment of a
reformatory or training school for
youthful offenders.
Wo cannot stop -to consider -the pit-'
tanco of cost, when we count the
crimes it will prevent and the multi
tude of good citizens It will save to the
state.
The state needs to give attentfon to
the prevention of crime through more
raitlonail plans ithon its severe punish
ment.
THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.
The governor commens In the high-
est terms the geological department
as organized under the control of Pro
fessor W. S. Yeates as chief. He
says he knows of one instance where
upon a certificate of mineral deposits
made toy Uhe chief of the survey a
oontract for $240,000 was brought Into
the state.
The governor says that he declined
to pay a bill presented toy the city
engineer of Atlanta for $273.60 for
street Improvement.
ELECTIONS.
Concerning the system of elections
in the state the governor says:
We have now reached a period in our
political lAstory fhaJt compels a strict
regard for the security of elections
through the purity of the ballot.
Unfortunately for our beat Interests
the people are seriously divided upon
many of the most important political
issues that confront us. The tempta
tion to corrupt practices at the polls,
and the opportunity to put them Into
damaging effect, are greater than ever
before In *the history of the state.
No division of sentiment will ever
change the character of our free insti
tutions If the purity of 'the ballot is
preserved.
The highest dirty of the general as
sembly will be to guard our system of
government against the dangers
threatened through the ballot box by
ambitious, bad men.
Whilst every opportunity should be
secured to legal voters, of whatever
political fatth, Ho cast 'tbelr ballots
untrammeled, It Is your imperative
duty to enact such laws, through a
system of genera) registration, or oth
erwise, ifhat will prevent not only Il
legal voting, tout the failure to count
such legal ;M may have broil
properly cast at any legal election.
•No greater wrong in government
can come to a citizen than the loss of
Ms franchise through the Ignorance,
fraud or technical bad management of
election boards.
The state suffers again from (the fre
quency of elections.
The policy for nominating primaries
has become uniform over the state.
These primaries are held aft different
times for different elections, nnd (they
occasion the same strife and contention
us the generals elections. Afterward we
have the general elections; In October
for the state, followed immediately, in
November for national officials, and,
In two months thereafter, we have
an election for county officers.
Three elections not only consume,
unecessariiy, the time of the people,
but they multiply confusion and strife
that can be easily avoided by a com
bination of elections.
Since the repeal of the federal elec
tion laws there no longer exists suffi
cient cause for the separation of na
tional and state elections. There cer
tainly can be no good reason why the
election for state nnd county officials
Should not be held on the same day
and a’t the same time.
Your attention Is respectfully called
to the evils attenffing our elections
herein enumerated.
I recommend the enactment of just
and comprehensive laws to remedy
them.
EDUCATION.
On education the governor says:
The progress made In bur system of
common schools has been gratifying.
During my term of office the appropria
tions for the education of -the children
bf the state have been largely increased.
The term of the schools has been ex
tended from three to five months, a
system of -teachers' lnnututes, for the
better training of teachers, has been e«-
tablisnwl, end the general assembly has
accepted -the buildings and made prep
aration for, .the -beginning of a normal
school with fair ©roapeots of aucoeas.
It ha* been with me a matter of gen
uine regret, however, that the normal
echodl. cm inatUuUbn so much needed
for the batter educa tion and training of
children, has not -been fully and liber
ally endowed and equipped, and that
the institutions for higher education—
the University, the School'of Technol
ogy, and the Girls' Normal and Indus
trial School—have not had the large ap
propriations they deserve and the inter
ests of the state and the -people demand.
The discussions before the general as
sembly covering ithe Interests of these
Institutions have been made up of un
pleasant and unprofitable, and some
times senseless criticisms, that have
tended to hamper and hinder their prog
ress and success rather than make them
the equal of similar institutions of oth
er states, or prepared to meet the de
mands of the people for whom they
were established.
% In the minds of some legislators,
these schools were created for them to
destroy.
If the conditions of the state demand
these institutions, .thqy should be made
eminently useful, by the proper and
needed appropriation to make them
eaual to the best standards.
In this; my last official effort for the
good of the state. I most heartily rec
ommend large and liberal appropria
tions both for the common school sys
tem.- and for all the instttutibns for
higher education cetabli^hed by "■the
state.
The education of tihe people must be
*** safeguard of our liberties and the
standard of our civilization, as well as
the guarantee of our material progress.
CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS.
An examination of the reports submit
ted for the schools for ithe deaf and the
blind and the asylum for the insane wifi
show the satisfactory condition of toheso
Instltuitftwis. The conduct of the state
towards these charities Is above criti
cism, and thedr excellent condition is an
honor to our people.
There is still another large class of
unfortunate people In our midst whose
oomfiitlon appeals ^most piteously to hu
manity and the sthte’e symaptiiy. Many
of the states of ithe Union, in addition
to .the charitable institutions just
named, -through similar motives, care
for what is known as .the "feeble mind
ed" among them.
iMassachuseetB opened an institution
of 'this kind 1n 1848. New York began In
1851, Pennsylvania <in 1853, Ohio in 1857,
Connecticut Jn 1858. Kentucky in i860,
California in 1884. New Jensey Ih 1888,
Maryland dn 1886. and other states at
other dates.
The census for 1890 estimates this
class bf people In the United States to
be 05.571. an increase of 18,576 since tho
last census, in this dtate we have 693
such persons yho are entirely unprovid
ed for.
The -blind, the deaf, the dumb, and
the Insane, have received special pare .at
the hands of ithe ota.te for years post at
great exopnse. yot here is a.large class
of hdpless ones, crippled toy defects and
Infirmities. Buffering for el ns, tt may be,
they aid not commit, while -they sit 4n
the shadow of great misery alone—all
aeons and hearts closed against them
save .those of the Jail and wrhouse
The training punsued in these schools,
as determined toy other states, Is no
«« exnertment. TOie general tea-
tlmony of all these institutions is -that
mad c ‘ hTIdreri nre not bene-
fry* 1 ** 1 *?* » Proportion ito the
time spent at tho Institution.
to the imtereat of these
unfortunates, an Investigation of this
taoortantteharity along the line of the
fhSwn ^ llc v nnd u suitable nppropria-
THE ATLANTA EXPOSITION.
, ®S, v ';r" or earnestly recommends
BagjjKlIltarel appropriations to the
different depar-hnents of State Intercuts
to be advanced by the Cotton States
to ttfc aty.° 1,0 h ° ld th ° com,n « Year
4516 management of
P^exposition 7-ave announced an ex
tensive educational exhibit -to bo com-
poeel of common high sriiools and uni-
verslty exhibits from 'the different
-totes ait the 'South. Georgia cannot
afford to be behind In this advertise
ment of her conditions on her own
toducement for the appro-
priatlon is the incalculable good to
come to our system by comparison.
I recommend an app-oprlation to
the department of education for the
collection of a school exhibit for the
,state -aa an object lesson for the com
mon instruction of the teadhers and
pupils of our schools.
The geological resources of the state,
under the wise administration of tho
present chief of this department, are
beginning to attract widespread at
tention. and a liberal appropriation,
authorized by law, for the -gathering'
of a suitable display of the state*s
mlne-rologloal resources at the capitol
could be first put on display at the
exposition grounds (to grea't advantage
for the state's wealth in the induce
ment offered investors,
I recommend a liberal appropriation
to the geological department • for the
collection of such exhibits to toe put
on display at the exposition nnd sub
sequently transferred to the capitol for
permanent display.
For the greater wealth of our peo
ple and the consequent increase of the
tax values of the state I recommend*
also an additional (appropriation to
the agricultural department of bucK
an amount os may be Decenary for a
creditatole display of our field products
and agricultural resources.
These appropriations to the different
departments of etate for the purposes
Indicated are not only authorized un
der our law, but they are legitimate
and proper expendrihires of the peo
ple's money to advance their educa
tion (and wealth. The general assembly
will do wise to make these Invest
ments for the state's development.
The general assembly has too. long
neglected the proper development of
the etate. We have only to advertise
our resources and uncover o the world
our wealth -in order to Invite invest
ments and good settlers who will re
claim our waste places, bring Jn'to
service our water -powers, manufaou
ure our abundant raw material and
make the land ’thrifty in prosperity.
Georgia In the past han held proud
place among her stater states. It be
hooves us now to look well to our lau
rels in this contest for supremacy on
our own soil.
OCHOA RECAPTURED.
"El Paso, Tex., Oct 24.—Victor Ochoa,
the Mexican revolutionist, was recap
tured at Toyah station, on tho Texas
and Pacific railroad, last night by Dpp.
uty Sheriff Leavel and Stato Hanger
Smith. Ochca. is held in Pecos today,
but will be brought to R1 Paso tonight.
Ho said 1# was intending to go to New
Mexico when recaptured. The Mexi
cans are all in sympathy with him.
He was captured at the h-xis-2 of Tl-
buclo Marco, an old friend and sym
pathizer.