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CLISBY & JONES, Proprietor*.
THE FAMILY JOURNAL—NEWS—POLITICS- LITERATURE—AGRICULTUBi—DOMESTIC NEWS, Etc—PRICE $2.00 PER ANNUM.
GEORGIA TELEGRAPH BUILDING
ESTABHSIIED1826-
MACON, EBIDAYY DECEMBER 8, 1880
VOLUME LV-KO. 49
ftVBMIMIOsr.
Lead, kindly light, amid the encircling
gloom,
Lead Thou me on;
The night is dark, and £ am far from
Lome,
Lead tbon mo on;
Keep Thou my feet; I do not ask to see
The distant scene ; one step enough for
me.
I was not ever thus, nor prayed that
Thou
Shouldst lead me on;
I loved to choose and see my path; but
now
Lead Thou me on;
I loved the parish day, and spite of fears,
Pride ruled my will. Eamember not past
years
So long Thy power has blessed me. sure
it still
Will lead me on
O’er moor aud fen, o’er crag and torrent
till
The night Is gone;
And with tho morn those angel faces
smile
Which I have loved long since, and lost
awhile.
Meanwhile, along the narrow, rugged
path
Thyself has tred,
Lord, Saviour, lead me home in childlike
faith,
Home to my God.
To rest forever after earthly strife,
In the calm light of everlasting life.
—Cardinal Newman.
JOHNH. INMAN.
A SiicocwtfnI BnsIncM Man—Enrerg-
ins from the confcderalo Army, n
Hoy of Twenty, aud Penniless, lie
Becomes a Millionaire and Head of
One or the Lsrjnt Cotton Houses In
tho World.
Atlanta, November 20.—A short time
ago I printed an article on “self-made
men.” This hasty sketch took the rounds
of the press, and I am led to believe did
some good. It certainly kindled fresh
hopes in some young hearts that were de
spairing, set aright some designs that were
going awry, anchored some lives that wero
drifting, aud lifted the eyes of some yonng
fellows that were groping about blindly.
The article was cirective, because it taught
by example and not by precept.
I have become acquainted w>th the his
tory of a man and a family that is a fit
supplement of that sketch. How I got the
facts that I detail need not lie known—it
is enough to say that I am perfectly sure
of their correctness. I will not stop to
consider with what relish those interested
will see their affairs put in print—I mere
ly know that it is an instructive and in
teresting history, and I set it out as a pat
tern life.
In 18C3, a young Tennessean, after an
honorable aud arduous servire of over
four years, in which be was always at the
front, brave, and uncomplaining, with ids
parole in his pocket, came out of the Con
federate rauks, and returned to Dandridge,
witii less than $100 in money, and no
property. In 1810 he maided a charming
and intelligent Tennessee girl, and then
reckoned Ids wealth at about $75,000.
Last year his net income for tho year was
$190,000, and liis fortune is now about
$1,300,000. lie is just 30 years of age, in
perfect health, aud is jnst entering the
prime of life. And now to the details.
The other night I was introduced to
Mr. John U. Inman, a youngish-looking
man, with a ruddy complexion, high,
broad and unrul&ed forehead, finely-cut
features, a mouth in which derision aud
kindness were singularly mixed, and a
bead very much like that of Mr. Sam In
man. Thu first glance betrayed the per
fectly well-bred man, quiet, attentive and
winning—but the suggestion that held me
was one of great reserve power—the hint
that beneath tiiat undoubted and decorous
face there was a forceful and earnest brain
that had done notable things, which led
tnc to push an investigation, so to speak,
when shortly afterwards I fell in with one
who knew the points in Mr. Inman’s life.
The Inmans are of Englislutock, though
American bom for two generations. S.
W. Inman, \V. H. Inman and Walker P.
Inman were three brothers bom in Ala
bama. They started in life in humble
circumstances, but soon managed to get a
competence. Tho brothers were very
mucli devoted to each other, and cast their
fortunes together. They established a
mercantile business in Dandridge, Tenn.,
to which hanking was shortly added, and
out of which comfortable fortunes were
made. Mr. S. W. Inman married a Miss
Mart in, a lady of unusual strength of char
acter and excellence, and of this union
came Samuel H., John H. and Hngh T.
Inman. Of these Samuel H. and Hugh
T. are well known here as tire heads of
two of tho roost prominent Southern firms.
The war had broken llic fortunes of their
father, and the three young men were left
literally without anything. Gen. Alfred
Austell, of lids city, and Mr. W. H. Inman,
one of the original brothers, had opened in
New York a cotton commission business.
Young John Inman, reasoning that “to
make money one must go where money
is," and being anxious for an opportunity
to “beard tbe lion in his den," applied for
a clerkship in the firm of Austell &
Inman. His offer was accepted and he
went out into the world to make his for
tune. He was then twenty years old, just
out of tbe Confederate army, an East Ten
nessee boy, with a falreducation and with
less than $100 as his entire possession.
The firm then had a working capital of
$30,000, was doing a small business, and
struggling hard against Northern compe
tition. The young clerk put his whole
soul into the business, and made it his
study day and night, soon mastered all its
details, and built up a most extensive
Southern connection, running through
everv cotton State. Tie had not been in
New York quite two years when liis ca
pacity for business, and his sagacity aud
devotion became so marked aud notable
that lie was offered an interest in one of the
old and rich wliol "Sale dry goods houses of
thecity. He fell,however,adeepsenseof
r titude to General AnMell and Mr. W.
Inman, who had given him the ehanee
to make a start, and declined an offer that
would take him away from them. They
properly appreciated his worth, however,
and tendered him a third
interest In their business, which
he acceepted. The firm then
became Austell, Inman & Co., and the
working capital was increased to $100,-
000. Although then under twenty-four
years of age, lie gave entire direction to
the business aud it began to grow with
great rapidity. In 1809, General Austell,
owing to the increase in his private busi
ness, sold his interest,, and the firm or
Imnnn, Swann it Co., was established—
consisting of John If. Inman, W.H. Inman
and Janies Swann—pie latter being also
a young Tennessean. By tbis time tbe
business was immense, and tbe firm
soon went into the very first rank in Now
York.. In 1870 yonng Inman, then twen
ty-five years of age, finding that lie had
Jett his beart- in the mountains of East
Tennessee, left New Yoikfora vacation
and returned with Miss Coflin, a beauti
ful aud lovely girl, as Ml bride. Coming
of an old and steadfast family, her an
cestors having landed at Plymouth lloek,
she lias been a worthy partner of his suc
cess.
When Mr. Inman married he was worth
About $73,000—every dollar of which he
had coined out of his own brains and en- A Blind Academy for the Colored
ergy—a pretty good accumulation for the , Xacb
country youngster that had left his Ten-; — . — w wTiiu™. «r
nessee home penniless five years before. ‘ * roiessor W. D. Williams, principal of
From this time forward he has grown rich tho State Academy lor tbe Blind, was re-
rapidly. In tbe ten years between then quested by the board of trustees, to fur-
and now ho has laid aside very n i s h such data as be might possess or ob-
Swoo o ru!' 0 ST l «'nw *.*■* ■»«• -*• * <■» «*—
spent and given away over a quarter of a blind of tbe State. In obedlcnco to this
million dollars. Last yearhis net income request, he furnishes, as supplemental to
pronfi se3 ’ tog’o^lfea vi ly over 11 is regular annual report, the following
he Is just thirty-six years of age, It can bo re P° rt * I u preface he says,
readily seen that when he has passed fifty I have given much thought to the sub-
lie will be one of the richest men In the Jcct of the education of the blind of the
country. The business of lie £Hu . negro race in our State, and I entertain
V22Z, Swann * Co., aggregated over $10,- some very decided convictions as to the
000,000 last year, and grows heavily and ! duty of tho Academy for the Blind in re-
continually. Last year it handled an J lation thereto, but as there are many per-
enonnotxs quantity of cotton and tbe profit plexing questions to be considered before
of the business in all its departments ran 1 your action should take definite shape, I
from $350,000 to $-109,001). The working desire that whatever suggestions I have
capital is $1,000,000 cash, and the mem- ; offered to bo received as being offered in
bers of tbe firm are worth nearly $3,000,- a state of mind akin to hesitancy and in a
000. It stands among tbs first cotton spirit of tbe most willing deference to the
firms in the world. I doubt if there is a 1 judgment of the board with whom resides
firm anywhere that docs so iaigc a cotton \ all responsibility in the premises,
commission business. Mr. Iuman, who J report:
has been for the past twelve years the 1
—— ~ j—- .uv. Several years ago in our annual report
managing head of tho firm, is perhaps the ’ to the Executive of the State, it was stated
leading authority in cotton circles in New that at no distant day it would be incam-
York, and on’change his word isstandard ; bent upon this board to make some pio-
—a smart march from the ragged rebel, vision for the education and training of
boy that camo to a ruined Tennessee | the colored blind youth or the State. The
home, at the close of the war. t suggestion was prospective. How this
Outside of the enormous business of In- should be done, and what direction the
man, Swann & Co., Mr. Inman has a ] matter should take, could not, in view of
number of private enterprises. Among ; the lack of statistical information, and all
others, he Is engaged in the guano and > the uncertainties Involved, be foreshad-
fertilizer trade, the manufacture of which ] owed. Up to the close of tho war, your
is now a great standard industry, some j Principal, while making diligent Inquiries
idea of the magnitude of which may be ! every where, and looking into tbe statistics
gathered from the rt that lie had $525,- j of the blind of the State, during a period
000 of his !udividua> cash capital invested : of eight years, heard of but two blind
in it last season. From one factory he ! children of the colored race of suitable
took 10.000 tons—from another 5,000, and j « ge for admission into tho school, aud one
so on through. The business being so sat- of them he thought a doubtful case. It is
isfactory, he will the coming season have true, it was not liis object to find
$000,000 in the same trade, controlling! such, but tbe nature of liis en
over 25,000 tons, chiefly on commission, j quiries would have led Iiiin to hear of
With ail this be has evervthingso system- , many more bad a large number been then
atized and moves with such promptness
and decision that he spends from
four to six months of each year with
bis family at the seaside or some resort. It
is a cardinal part of his creed never to
speculate or take any speculative risk. In
the papers of his firm there are the strong
est articles, against speculation either as a
firm, or by either of the members as indi
viduals. The profits, therefore, though
immense, are perfectly legitimate, and
co.nc certain and steadily. Mr. Inman
lives easily and comfortably, aud having
culture and tastu, finds that his wealth,
instead of palling, only opens ever fresh
vistas of enjoyment. He devotes a large
sum annually to charity and philanthropy.
Tbe haudsome donation of his firm to the
Hood children, tbe largest made by auy
single firm, will be remembered. In a
quieter way he lias done much more—as,
for instance, be lias given over $2,000 in
dividually to the First Presbyterian
church of this city. In short, lie presents
tho interesting spectacle of a man of fine
instincts, excellent health and felicitous
relations, who lias made a fortune while
he is young enough to enjoy it to the full
est—aud has so ordered his habits that lie
lias not dulled his impulses, chilled the
genial currents of his soul or hardened
liis heart in the struggle with tbe world.
For the next ten years liis income should
average $250,000 a year, and from that lime
forward will be fully half amiiliona year,
if he remains iu business. What a life of
usefulness and happiness is ahead of tbis
man! With a happy Christian home, a
loving wife aud affectionate children, a
heart still fresh and a nature yet unwarp-
ed—with a clear head aud a current of
strong old Presbyteriau blood coursing
through his veins—truly liis lines are cast
in pleasant places.
What an exemplar is here for our young
men. What a brilliant promise to draw
them away from the arid ways of politics,
and the hardly less arid ways of profes
sional life! Just look at the chapters in
this one man’s history. At twenty out of
the dust and heat of battle, penniless and
alone; at twenty-five worth $75,009, hap
pily married, aud at tho head of a pros
perous house; at thirty-six worth a mil
lion aud a half, in good health and heart,
and witii a net income of over $200,009 a
year! Follow the probabilities. At for
ty-six worth five million dollars, and
possessed of an income of over half a mil
lion a year, and just in the prime of a
well-ordered life. How this example
should draw its followers! How com
pletely it should teach that in the wrang
ling of public life and the pretentious
ways of the professions there is not all
the honor or usefulness. Ah! but. it is
impossible to attain such dizzy heights as
this ? To bo sure, there will be few who
can hope for such success—but nothing is
surer than that a young matt wbo starts
with clean habits,a clear head and a faith
ful soui,and works earnestly and devoted
ly, can get far enough along tills road to
come into the sunshine, while yet the
flowers on tlio wayside are wet with dew,
and the air of tbe morning embalms tbe
earth.
As for me, I should be charged with ir
reverence if I wrote down how many pol
iticians, In my opinion, this one young
merchant is worth. The mere computa
tion gives me some hint of tho severe con
tempt with which solid men of business
look out from their world upon the bab
bling orators who declare that paralysis
or prosperity waits alternately upon tho
victory or defeat of a faction of salary-
mongers. I should like to strike a balance
between the lives of John Iuman, mer
chant, andsomeonoof oureminent, latter-
day statesmen, when both arc dead, and sec
which had done the most and belter work.
Then we should see how mucli speeches
counted against deeds—prophecy against
performance—boasting against fulfillment.
To drop into metaphor, we may say
that tho farmer and mechanic create the
blood which enriches the body corporate;
the merchant, stationed in the heart, sup:
plies the vital force tiiat semis it cours
ing through tho veins; the professional
man tempers the flow, gauges its current
and defines its limitations—while the pol
iticians, camped along its channels, fatten
on its exhalations and put the whole body
in a fever by swearing that the voinous is
superior to the arterial blood, or vice versa
—not hesitating to spill either to disprove
the excellence of the other.
H. W. G.
“Broken abbow,’’ Russell County,
Ala., August 1st, 1870.—Dr. C. J. Mof-
felt—Dear Siii: I for years used your
Teetliina (Teething Powders) witii my
own children and ou my own plantation,
when I owned negroes. They relieved
and prevented mucli suffering and sick
ness among the children, and besidw
saving me many lives, saved mo much
anxiety, and many hundred dollars in
doctor's bills. I can, with confidence,
recommend l/tem at the surest and best
medicine J ever used for Teething Chil
dren and the Bowel Disorders of our
Southern Country. Yours truly, etc.,
)m ROBERT FLOUJINOY.
in existence. Wlicu that population was
set free, and given equal rights iu the
State, a few blind colored persons were
reported to him, mostly by county author
ities desiring to rid themselves of the care
of them as objects of public charity.
Among those, there wore some young men
recently made blind by disease and acci
dent, who might have been taken into our
workshop as apprentices had there been
provision therefor. The interested feelings
of old masters also caused some of them
to make application in a few similar cases.
At the preseut time the statistics show
tiiat the colored blind between the ages of
six and twenty years are more numerous
in Georgia than the similar class of whites,
the former being one hundred and forty-
lire and the latter one hundred aud thirty-
five, according to the returns ot school
population made in 1S78 to the Uoti. G
J. Orr, state school commissioner.
There may bo grounds for the suspicion
that the returns for some of the counties
may be in excess of the reality in one or
both of the classes, but it is probable,
from other data, that the enumeration as-
a whole is very nearly correct, and espe
cially so, when we take into account the
fact that we regard as the proper
subjects for admission to the privileges of
tho institution, many youths, who. al
though not entirely blind, are yet, for lack
of sufficient powers of vision, deprived of
the advantages of education in the seeing
schools—a class that is rarely enumerated
iu the census as blind.
The above named numbers represent
the probable ratio at tins time belwceu
the blind of the two races to be provided
for in our scheme of benevolence. But
as poverty aud ignorance and the life en
gendered of these evils have ever been
fruitful sources of blindness, a relative in
crease in the number of the colored
blind may be anticipated. Tending to
the same result, may be mentioned tbe
exposures to which the race headiessiy
subject themselves and their children;
their negligence under diseases and
changes in weather, and their proneness
to take incompetent medical advice and
resort to useless and hurtful treatment,
and tiieir inability to secure proper medi
cal skill in opthalmic diseases.
The question arises, will the colored
people generally avail themselves of the
privileges of instruction in our
sriiool, if provision is made for them.
The answer is. tiiat they will' probably
do so with greater eagerness than has
hitherto been manifested in the case of
tiie whites. Willi an experience and his
tory of more than a quarter of a century,
we have not been able to hi ingtlie attend
ance to more tiiat about two-thirds of the
probable number of whites in tho State,
who are the properly qualified subjects of
our work. It is t rue tiiat the troubles, the
contingencies, and (lie dubious prospects
ever before the mind, and the various em
barrassments of the people through the
years of tho war, and also through those
of tiie protracted period of reconstruction,
were an obstacle to tbe progress of the in
stitution, now in the retrospect seeming
so appalling tiiat there is wonder how its
existence could have been maintained. It
is only in the last few years that it has
reached this proportion of attendance.
Tliis prestige of tiie institution will be u
advantageous iu cise of the colored as in
that of the whites. Tho height
ened enthusiasm of the^ colored
people on the subject of * education
manifested immediately after their eman
cipation may have somewhat abated as to
tlieirsightcd children, but it will probably
prevail witii undiniinished ardor in the
case of their blind, being at the same time
strengthened by motivesarising from their
inability on account of poverty to support
the helpless in their families, and the in
terference with their employment as ser-
vaots and laborers, which the care of them
at homo will occasion. County boards
and officers charge I witii the support of
paupers will use exertion and influence
towards securing tbe attendance at the in
stitution of all such as are admissible un
der our rules. To this, however, will ha
opposed tho hopes and realization of reve
nues to be derived from begging, in which
cause no stronger or more effectual plea
can be matte than blindness. Balancing
the conflicting probabilities, it cannot be
doubted that in a very few years places
for eighty or ninety colored pupils would
be required.
All those wmM which move us to ed
ucate the blind of one race arc equally
strong in tiie case of tho other. If educa
tion is a desirable acquisition to aDy class
as a source of self-entertainment and a
qualification for position in life, to the
blind it is not only all this, but it is not
an acquisition in tbe nature of a profes
sion or trade by which they are enabled to
earn a livelihood. This is highly impor
tant to tho poor blind of tho col
ored race. Considerations to be
drawn from tiie condition of this
class of our population, also deserve our
attention, sucli as their iguorance as to all
the special methods by which tbe blind
may be trained to usefulness at home and
and in the family, and their inability from
poverty to have it done by others in the
absence of any provision made for them
by the State.
Under tho laws tiie colored people have
equal rights with the whites in all depart
ments of the government. Georgia has
provided for the care and treatment oftbe
A Wav'd ef Mood. •
One of tiie most popular medicines now
before the American public is Hop Bitters.
You sea it everywhere. People take it
with good effect. It builds tlicin up. It ..... , , _
is no' as pleasant to the tasto as some J colored insane and imbeciles in tbe Lu- . ...
other'lliUers, as it is not a whisky drink. | natic Asylum. Tbe colored children or I Thomas Levi, Donald Carr and McDou-
lt is mote like the old fashioned ooneset ' sight have equal privileges of education | gal, deck hands; Julia Gibson, Radies
largely maintained by a snbsidy granted
by an act of the General Assembly.
Other Southern States-have made pro
vision for the educational training of their
colored defective classes. Notably, both
Maryland and North Carolina have, each,
had organized and in operation for sever
al years, schools for both deal and dumb,
and the bjind of the African race. These
iustitutisns are placed as departments of
their Sta’e Institutions for this special
work, under the same boards »nd super
intendents. Tbis arrangement has proven
highly satisfactory to the people of ail
classes, and is very beneficent in its re
sults, and the business is thereby-conduct
ed with less expense. There is unity in
having but one head of management and
one centre of responsibility in tiie work.
The charges for superintendence are re
duced, and in the .details of administra
tion there will be found many economi
cal and supplemental opportunities and
advantages.
Should a department for tbe benefit of
the colored blind of the State be organized
under tiie management of your board, at
some suitable location near tbo city, with
a lot not only large enough for tiie vari
ous building aud grounds which would
be neccssaiy for the department, but also
containing land enough for vegetable gar
dens, stock lots and other purposes, com
mon to both departments, and by reason
of Which area tbe inmates might hare the
opportunity of a measure of privacy and
be kept free from the annoyances and ex
actions from tbe neighborhood ami the
public, witii ample, substantially built,
permanent improvements, suited in their
arrangements to the requirements of tho
purposes in view and adapted in their ap
pointments to the peculiar condition of
the class to be benefited, it can be con
ducted very economically, at a far less
expense to the Slate than a separate in
stitution could be maintained, anl by rea
son of tbe expenditures to be made on
tills property as suggested, some items of
expense uow necessary in tho existing in
stitution could be relatively reduced.
GS0KGIA RAILROADS.
From ITexico.
Havana, November 28.—A steamer
from Vera Cruz brings advi ,*es from the
City of Mexico to tbe ISth inst.: The
French minister was expected ou the 20th.
Senor Eduardo Artega lias been ap
pointed minister to Guatemala, and Gen.
Francisco Meno, ex-govemor of Guana-
juatos, has been appointed minister to
Germany. General Trevino has been of
fered the portfolio of war and is enroute
to tiie capital.
■ The concession for a railway from San
Luis Potosi to Tampico being invalid,
but remaining in speculative hands, tiie
Central company, Palmer company, and
other parties, have made great efforts to
obtain tiie same, while the Vera Cruz
rivalry threw every obstacle in the way of
any other arrangement. Finally the con
cession was transferred to Mr. Symon as
representative from Boston of tiie Atchi
son and Topeka company. Mr. Symon
also, as representative of the PaciUc Mail
Steamship company, made a contract with
tiie government that steamers of a direct
line between Sail Francisco and Panama
shall touch twice a month at Mazatmn,
Manzanillo, and Acapulco, aud
once a month at Sau D’Las.
He has also contract’d fur tiie
establishment of a lino to be called tiie
Oriental line, whose steamers shall mako
round trip monthly, touching at Aca
pulco, Salina, Vera Cruz, Sau Benito,
Puerto Angelo and Tonalo. The com
pany will receive a subvention of $3,000
per month.
Many censure tiie government severely
for making a number of contracts through
one and the same person. Congress lias
by decree approved of the raauucr in
which the Executive lias made use of llie
authorization to make contracts for the
construction of tbe International aud
Inter-Oceanic railroads.
Gen. Gonzales obserres tho strictest
reserve with regard to his future
views or intentions.
Census Report
Washington, November 30.—General
Walker, superintendent of census, has
submitted bis regular annual report to the
Secretary ot the Interior. He says that
although tho work of taking the tenth cen
sus is substantially complete, the returns
having been received from ail but seven
of tiie total number of 31,205 enumeration
districts, it will probably be two or tlireo
weeks before tiie office will be able to
present complete statistics of the popula
tion of the country.
He urges the importance of the publica
tion of the results of the census bureau’s
work, and recommends that, instead of
waiting for its publication through tho
government priming office, Congress au
thorize the printing of tbe census returns
and statistics by a special private contract
nnder the direction of the Secretary ofthe
Interior.
Gen. Walker says that special reports
are to be made of investigations in tiie fol
lowing important departments: On wealth,
debt and taxation; on churches, schools
and libraries; on tbe social and industrial
statistics oftbe Indian tribes; on tiie pop
ulation, industry aud resources of Alaska;
on newspapers, periodicals and book-pub
lishing interests; on tobacco culture; on
chemical manufacturing industries; on
ship building, and on quarrying interests.
The accounts of 118,-110 enumerators
havo already been settled, involving an
expenditure of nearly two million dollars.
Only about 1,200 accounts remain unad
justed. The numberof employes now en
gaged ou tiie work of the census office is
1,081, a considerable proportion of whom
are on duty at night with a view to tho
promptest possible completion of the work
m hand.
The Beeowd Ssal-laausl Keport ot
the IstlrsM Oemabsiss.
Office of the Railroad Coumis
eion of Gkoboia, Atlanta, November
1(3, 1880.- To His Excellency, Alfred II.
Colquitt, Governor,etc.—Sir: In making
a second semi-annual report to your excel
lency, it is our purpose to present s sim
ple review ofthe action oftbe commission,
and of the general effect of such action
upon the railroads of the State. It was
our intention to make ihc preseut report
full and elaborate upon all matters of in
terest connected with the commission and
its iabost; but tbis has been rendered im
possible, for the present, by the severe ill
ness of one of tho commissioners. We
hope to be able, at no distaut day, to pre
sent to your excellency a report covering
the entire field of our duties and labors.
ACTION.
In the action of the commission wo have
sought to keep constantly in view the
two great objects of tho law, viz: the pre
vention of extortion, aud of unjust dis
crimination in freight and passenger rales.
The Whole animus of the commission has
been to do equal and impartial justice to
both, railroads and people.' In our view
we have come much nearer tills end by
our present rules and rates than by those
of force at tho date of our last report. Wo
reason ably hope'for more constant approx*
imallo:*, as study and experience famil
iarize us with our duties.
Thera have been complaints, nioro or
less well foundeJ, of tbe correctness of our
views; but in general the comment ap
plies, that local prejudices havo yielded,
on discussion, to broader views, and that
many ot tho complaints as to discrimina
tion on our part hare enmo from places or
classes once the beneficiaries ot partial
and unfair advantages. It is not unnatu
ral tiiat those favored by unjust discrimi
nation should desire a continuation of that
policy.
It would be tedious to go through witii
tiie entire work ot a commission, in de
tail, in tho bouy of the report. We sub
mit herewith to your excellency, docu
ments showing our action in establishing
rates, rules aud regulations for the rail
roads, and the means adopted by Us to
prevent unjust discrimination in freight
aud passenger rates.
RESULTS.
Since the organization of tho commis
sion.-very material reductions in rates
have been effected as a result of :its oper
ations, and much has been done iu tho
way of graduating and equalizing rates to
standards. One of the most useful effects
of the labors of tho commission has been
to enlarge mutual knowledge of the rail
roads air* tho public, and to bring each
to a clearer recognition of the rights and
duties of the other. Increased knowl
edge of rates has been achieved) anil tho
tendency resulting from our work lias
beer to reduce speculation aud cucnuragu
reliance for success ou sound business
principles. ... •
' PASSENGER BATES.
The maximum pas3anger- rates on many
of the railroads of the Stale hare been re
duced by tbe commissioners’ tariff from
five cents, and in sorno instances six cents
per mile, to four cents per mile. Experi
ence lias shown that tills reduction, while
;really beneficial to the public, lias not
njured tho interests of tbe railroads. On
the contrary, tho increaso of travel, occa
sioned thereby, lias added materially to
the earnings of the roads. The right to
reduce passenger fares below the maximum
fixed by the commissioners, has not been
restricted. The law places these upon a
different tooting from freight rates, and
the commission lias, therefore, left wills
tire railroads themselves tho power to fix
their respective passenger charges at any
amount below tbo maximum of (4) cents
per mile, established by tbo commission.
FBEIGHT BATES.
' strictcd competition is often detrimental to
the best interests of the public as well as
the carrier. We claim the right to restrict
competition within legitimate limits, and
we think this object can bo accomplished
by tbe enforcement of rule 6, of our reeu-
lations.
EMBARGOES PREVENTED
The commissioners have always be
lieved that shippers are entitled to the
benefits of any market they may select,
according to the natural or artificial ad
vantages it may possess, unrestrained by
arbitrary rules. Our labors have been
diligently and systematically devoted to
the accomplishment of this end.
One of our most recent efforts in that
direction is shown in the accompanying
order, dated October 29th, 1880. The ef
fect of this order, we think, will be to
remove tiie practical embargo which for
some time past has been laid upon com
merce between certain points in this State
and other points without tbo State’s lim
its. Heretofore, there seems to have ex
isted some reason which induced a num
ber of railroads, in the State, to decline
to receive for shipment more than certain
percentages of freights of a particular
character or class.
The order just referred to Is as follows:
State of Georgia, Office of the Railroad
Commission, Atlanta, October 29, 1SS0.
In consequence of the accumulation of
cotton at this point and elsewhere in tbis
State, and an injurious blockade of freights
anticipated am! now partially existing, tiie
railroad companies in this State are hereby
notified that no avoidable blockade of
freights will he permitted; ami tiiat when
such avoidable blockade occurs, became of
any arrangement existing between rail
road companies for distributing amongst
themselves for transportation, according to
percentages, the cotton or other freight
offered for shipment, sucli companies will
be held accountable for damages arising
from such detention. And the railroad
plied by the whole number of railroads in [ furuiih to your excellency and to tbe Gen
tile State. eral Assembly all the information in oar
No law exists providing the means _to j power with reference to the important in
terests which have engaged onr attention
during tho past year. Respectfully sub
mitted.
pay the expenses of priming the tariffs,
etc., issued by tbe commission.
The law requires that the rates and re
vision of rates- established by tbe com
missioners shall be published once a
week for four consecutive weeks in some
public newspapers published lu the cities
of Augusta, Albany, Atlanta, Savannah,
Macon, Rome and Columbus, in this
State, before going into operation. We
found it necessary to appeal to tbe pro
prietors of the newspapers to make the re
quired publications and to await the ac
tion of tbe General Assembly for compen
sation. A copy of the circular letter of
tbe chairman on this subject is herewith
transmitted. Your Excellency furnished
the commission with twelve hundred dol
lars to be used as an advance on account
of printing expenses. Accompanying this
report will be found a full statement of
tbe disposition made of tbis amount. We
respectfully suggest to your Excellency
the propriety of recommending to the
General Assembly an appropriation for
the payment of such balances as may be
found due on account of printing done for
commissioners.
OFFICE EXPENSES.
Tho Legislature appropriated the sum
of five hundred dollars to pay for office
rent, stationery, etc. Commissioner Wal
lace furnished us rent-free tbe commodious
offices over tbe Merchants’ Bank on Aia
liama street, which we have occupied
during tho present year. Tho whole of
the appropriation mentioned has been
drawn from the treasury and applied to
tho uses directed by law. There is still a
small balance on account of expenses in
curred, amounting to thirty-nine dollars
and thirteen cents ($39.13), remaining un
paid.
Below we give a statement allowing the
disposition made of tbe appropriations
James M. Smith,
- Campbell Wallace,
samufl Barnett,
Railroad Commissioners.
ATLANTA GOSSIP.
The Lost Simcoe.
Owen Sound, Ontario, November SO.
—Tiie steamer Mauitouiin, which arrived
to-night from Mauitouiin Island, brought
five of tiie crew of the steamer Simcoe,
which foundered on tho 24tb inst. The
Simcoe left Chicago on tho 18th inst.,
with a cargo of 19,000 bushels or com
and general freight. She experienced
continued and severe , gales ou
Lake Michigan, accompanied with
heavy snow storms, which she weather
ed. Early on ‘the morning of
tiie 24tb, while off Providence Bay, on
the south sido of Manitoulm Island, the
sea was so high that it broke through tiie
engine room, putting out tho lire. Tiie
ship became completely unmanageable,
and remained in the trnneh ofthe sea,
taking iu water until noon, wben slie sank.
As site filled her upper works were forced
away, carrying tho life-boats with them.
Fire men succeeded in releasing one of
the boats from the wreck and got into
It. Tliey tried to rescue two others, who
were clinging to tiie upper works, but
were unable to reach them. When the
hull weut down, the remainder of the
crew were standing forward by the bow,
and nude no apparent effort to save them
selves. After witnessing tbe last of the
wreck, the life-boat, containing the five
persons saved, made for Providence Bay,
distant 20 miles, from which place tliey
went by team to Maultou, where they took
the steamer Mauitouiin for this port. The
following are the names of those ioet:
Bichard Hill, captain; Robert McNal,
second mate; Benjamin Mellwood, wheels
man; John Henry, fireman; Tlios. O'Hare,
Since our rates went into operation, the
revenues of the roads from tho freight
traffic—the most important .branch of
their business — lias largely Increased
over corresponding periods in previous
years; and this, too, in the face or tho fact
tiiat large reductions in rates, oil the
principal articles of production and con
sumption,. have been made. For more
particular information at tills point we
respectfully refer your excellency to the
statements contained in tiie accompany
ing document marked exhibit A.
COMPETITION. , , n ,
It is evident tiiat there is no advantage
to be secured to the people nor to the rail
roads of tiie. State, by allowing other
roads, not under the jurisdiction of the
commissioners, to take the-business un
controlled by what we regard to tie tiie
legitimate principle of competition, yet
not offorco or recognized by roads with
out tho State’s limits. It should bo re
membered tiiat competition affects the
whole round of transportation from end
to end and back, and tiiat this com
plex. condition, so largely affecting
our roads, exists principally beyond our
jurisdiction.
Tho most Important regulation adopted
by tho commission in regard to competi
tion was briefly referred to in our first re
port, ami is as follows:
“Rule 0. The freight rates prescribed by
the commission are maximum rates,which
shall not be transcended by the railroads.
They may carry, however, at less than tho
prescribed rates, provided that if they car
ry tor less for one person, they shall for
tbe like service carry for the same lessened
rate for all persons, except as mentioned
hereafter; and if they adopt less freight
rates from one station they shall make a
reduction of tho same per cent, at all sta
tions along llie line of road, so as to make
uo unjust discrimination as against any
person or locality.
“When, however, from auy point In tbis
State there are competing lines, one or
more not subject to the jurisdiction of tiie
commission, then the line or lines which
are so subject, and are working at the low
est rate under the rules, may at such com
peting point or other point injuriously af
fected by such competition, make rates be
low the standard tariff, to meet sucli com
petition, without making a corresponding
companies are requested ami directed to 1 paid on thu following accounts:
remove cotton and other freights wlieu de- ] Office furniture - - -
lirered for shipment, to the extent of their Office gas light fixtures -
facilities, without unnecessary delay, and ! Office matting for office floors -
without regard to any contract, express or i Whitewashing offices
implied, that may exist amongst them- j Mounting three maps
selves in reference to the division and dis* {Office boxes for pigeon holes, etc. -
tribution of freights between tiie respec- Office, two signs and placing
tire companies. ‘By order ofthe commls- I them -
sioners. R. A. Bacon, Secretary, j Postage and post-office box rent -
Your Excellency will observe that this j Gas light company’s hills -
order contemplates nothing'more, hor ro-j Wages of porter -
quires more of the railroad companies Coal and wood for fuel
than a faithful discharge of. their duties, ; Stationer) - , desk furniture, books,
as contemplated by tho. laws of tbo State ! etc. _ ...
$ 08 75
9 30
GO 03
2 00
2 50
30 30
0 25
40 SO
13 20
44 15
21 15
governing common carriers, irrespective
of the powers conferred by tho act cre
ating this commission.
MANUFACTORIES.
It has been tbe intention of the com
missioners to permit the railroads to offer
such inducements to manufacturers as
would encourage them to mako invest
ments in tho State. This is clearly ef
fected by uolc 1 of our rules, from which
wo give the following extract:
“The ratc3 specified for ores, sand, clay,
Subscriptions to newspapers and
periodicals ....
Express charges on books, etc.,
irom other commissions -
Telegraphing -
Printed matter, tariffs, etc., for dis
tribution -
27 S5
- 24 05
12 45
7 70
79 90
$500 00
LITIGATION.
In the spring of tho present year, Morris
K. Jesup, trustee, etc., filed his bill in
rough stone, common brick, bones, 1 chancery in tho Circuit Court of the Unit-
lumber, shingles, laths, staves, j cd States for the northern district of Geor-
empty barrels, wood, straw, shucks, hay, ! gia, praying that the commissioners be
fodder, com iff ear, tan bark, turpentine,: restrained from enforcing their rates and
rosiu, tar, household goods, and for arti- j regulations on the Savauuah, Florida and
clcs manufactured on or near the lino of. Western railroad. Upon the hearing of
said road, and for materials used iu such the applicatiou for injunction, the bill was
manufacture, are maximum rates; butj dismissed. Immediately thereafter an-
tlie roads are left free to reduce them at‘other bill was filed, however, by George
discretion, and a.i such rates are exempted -11. Tilley, in the same court, asking for a
from the operatiou of rule 6.” j similar remedy. A restraining order was
This noto permits the railroad com-} granted in this case by the court, enjoin-
panies to make lower rates for articles ■ ing the commissioners from enforcing
manufactured on or near their own lines, f their established rates on said railroads
or tho lines of connecting roads, without j until the further order of tire court. The
coming under the restraining clause in j application for injunction iu the case of
rule 0; provided no more is charged for a Tilley lias been continued from time to
reduction iloas^he lipe of fbad.” ,
By this rule it was intended to make
tea tiiat lias done a world of good. If you 1 under the common school system of the maid; Lydia Williams, cook; George tition between the
don't feel just right try Hop Bitters.— Slate. A college for the higher education 1 Faltoo, porter; and one deck hand whose ] think they ought to
Nunda News. 2w of the colored ycuths of both aexes is 1 name is unknown. power. Experienc
competition conform to principles of right
and justice. Thus, instead of a war of
rates being confined to any little village
along the line of two courtries, say, for
example. Canada aud tho United stales,
such war, if made, would, under tiie oper
ation of this rule, be declared along tlio
wiiole line. Tiie roads may thus make
legitimate war, but it would extend to
every station ou tiie line. Sucli we regard
td bo legitimate competition, as distin
guished from illegitinate and injurious
competition. If rales are lowered at
strictly competitive points alone, the neigh
boring stations are injured, and a result
brougnt about of freights being shipped
back and in the opposite direction to their
destination, to lie carried a second time
over the same part of tins road, more
cheaply than by direct shipment to the
point of delivery. To avoid this result,
when tbe rate is lowered at the immediate
point of competition, a graduated rate is
supplied to neighboring stations, so as to
make the direct charges something less
from the initial point to that of destina
tion, than the sum of two rates from the
shipping station to the nearest competitive
point, and *tlience back to tbe place of
destination.
The commissioners are of the opinion
that they have no power to force compeli-
roads, nor do they
be invested with such
Experience proves that unre-
lessthan for a longer distance.
COMPLAINTS.
Numerous requests and complaints have
keen received by tbe commissioners, both
from tho citizens and the railroads, and
occasional discussions have been heard of
conflicting interests. Considering the
nutnber and importance of tbe questions
presented for solution, tlio changes made
i>i our tariffs aud regulations havo been
few. The railroad companies, in some
instances, casually omitted to.furnish us
witii full information of their unpnnted
or special rates. Most of tho changes
made by us, after tiie fust publication of
tiie standard tariff, were rendered necessa
ry by these omissions.
With a view of placing ourselves in pos
session of the information needed for a
proper revision of our standard
trrilf. we Issued a circular, ad
dressed to all the railroad companies of
the State, calling on them to furnish us a
comparative statement of the earnings ami
expenses of their respective roads during
the months of ; May 'and June, 1S79 and
1880. (Tiie action of tbe commissioners,
based upon responses to this circular, is
embodied in Circulars Nos. 7, 8, 0, and
1-0, herewith transmitted.
The operation of I Circular No. 10 ha3
led to some dischssioa.'tiot so mucli in re
gard to actual as to relative rates. Tiie
commissioners gave the whajo subject
tiieir most thoughtful consideration, and
we think that their action will-be' found
Satisfactory ...... - »i
The question of tno operation of the
Central railroad as a unit, or in tbe several
divisions expressed in Circular 10, was
mucli argued. In our opinion, tiie con-
elusion readied by the commissioners was
correct, and the only ouo consistent with
I authority. Enforced unity, against tiie
consent of tiie railroad companies, we did
not consider within our province.
Tho whole subject of joint rates between
railroads in tills state is gradually opening
before us, the chief principles having been,
to scene extent, involved in the relation of
local ami joint rates on Die several divs-
sions of tbe Central railroad. Tbe com
missioners have never believed tiiat they
had the power, under the law, to make a
Joint rate between points olt'smy two
roads which'.'Would be low in amount
than tiie sums of tbe local .rales charged
on such roads between these points, except
by the request or consent of the roads iu-
tereated/ *»•’
I i J CLASSIFICATIONS: ' ' :
The classifications' of railroad freight
tariffs have ever been undergoing viva ages.
Tiiat adopted,, by tbe Southern Railway
and &tcauisliipAs*oclation,uiid store! oy ped
i in February, 1850,it was thought by many
prominent railroad officials, would remain
unchanged for a oonsulei able time. Since
then, however, anotlier and different class-
i ileal ion lias been found uceessa'r;. Smui
pcrsbns have thought the coromhsionei's
too unyielding, because of the very few
changes made'in our standard tariff and
classification since they weut into ellect.
As every change involves heavy expense
for printing, we have' made only such, as
in our judgment, strict justice and press
ing necessity required. 'i jj. q. f ,n
■ lJ«qp%l,..l. 1u,B ytSll
The commission has no eh nice in the
method of publishing its tariffs, revisions,
etc.) as the law specifies liow it shall be
done. A large amount of printing expen
ses has been saved, however, by adopting
a “standard tariff," ami then aiapriug it
to each particular road by circulars.
This was ddne upon tho most care
economy consistent with carrying out that
law.
The first publication of tariff', rules and
regulations was necessarily very expen
sive, as it embraced a full classification of
all freights coveted by the rales.
'Had we attempted to make a separate
taritTand classification for each road In
the State, the expense of printing tiie
same would necessarily have been tbe
time, at the instance of the complainant,
and is still pending
In consequence of this action by tiie
court the commissioners’ rates have not
yet gone into operation on the Savannah-,
Florida and Western railroad. No other
litigation, that we have been advised of,
involving the action of the commissioners,
has been instituted. We transmit here
with a copy of the affidavit filed by the
commissioners In response to tbe applica
tion ,fbr injunction in said case, which
will furnish your Excellency with a clear
statement of the reasons which controlled
us in establishing our standard rates aud
regulations. The railroad companies,
with the exceptions mentioned, had com
plied in the wain with the rates, rules
aud regulations of the commissioners, al
though the law gives us no power to
summarily enforce our action. In view
of tbe great interest affected by our action,
tbis may justly be considered a most grq£
A Cartons Legislative B1 matter TSta*
<i(kt Have Settled Hw <tBeetle*
ol tbe residency.
Sfiteial Correspondent' of TVeyrapk and Met.
stager ]
Atlanta, December 1, 1880.
A curious blunder of Georgia legislation
has just been discovered that, under oep.
tain circumstances, would have sfr«etofh
if not settled tho presidency of the United
States. Tbe law of tho Uaited States re
quires tbe electoral colleges of the differ
ent States to meet and cast the vote of the
State for President on the first Wednesday
in December.'Tho Georgia statute pro
viding for the execution of this Federal re
quirement, declares that the electors of
Georgia shall meet on the first Monday in
December and cast their votes on the fol
lowing Wednesday.
Tiie Georgia legislators who passed the
act never contemplated tlio contingency
that lias now arisen, viz: That.the first
Monday In December would come after
the first Wednesday, and, therefore, that
to carry out the Georgia law will throw
the election by tbo electoral college on the
second Wednesday of December, instead
of on the first Wednesday, as required by
the United States statute, which controls
tho matter. The constitution of Georgia
prescribes tho first Wednesday, too, for
the voting of the electoral college, while
the Georgia statute enforcing the consti
tutional provision conflicts with It, as
above.
We thus have the extraordinary stalo of
tilings of the day arriving for the voting
of tho electoral eollege of Georgia under
the Federal law aud the Stale constitution,
while under the Georgia statute the elec
toral college lias been called to meet on a
day five days later, and cannot uow be
convened in time to act to-day, as it
should. And thus there would bo ground
to throw the electoral vote of Georgia out,
if it Was a close ra.e and the vote of Geor-
ia decided ‘the matter. Fortunately,
owever, the vote of Georgia will not be
decisive of the result and, therefore, it
matters not whether she loses her vote or
not. But the Georgia statute should be
altered so as to enforce and not thwart the
purpose of the constitution.
Tbe case is an extraordinary one, and
constitutes one of the curious blunders of
legislation.
PARTY HARMONY.
Your Telegraph and Messenger
editorial has excited much favorable com
ment in regard to tbe teaching of the re
cent legislative elections of judges and
solicitors, as showing tiiat the late Demo
cratic differences in Gcoigia are healing
up. The truth is, that the question of
Colquitt and Norwood did not enter into
these elections—the Colquitt members,
who. are in tbo majority, voting large
ly for Norwood candidates. In the
Albauy circnif, Wm. O. Fleming, a Col
quitt man, beat for judge J. A. Bush, a
Norwood mau, while J. W. Walker, a
Norwood man, beat A. H. Alfriend, a Col
quitt man, for solicitor. In the Augusta
circuit all of the three candidates lor
solicitor were Colquitt men. In the
Chattahoochee circuit, T. W. Grimes and
S-. B. Hatcher wero Norwood men, and
H. Bussey, G. E. Thomas aud A. A. Car-
son were Colquitt men, and Grimes was
elected. Forjudge, Willis and Wimberly
were Colquitt men and Thomson a Nor
la
id
lit.
fe
at
le
br
id
as
ed
de
ial
ase
tho
to
dy.
4ch
use
i Of
i at
mid
Fit-
ned
om-
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is of
ided
urns
A S.
i the
.ally
r.tirc
Dol-
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Lay-
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y g to
- j
ifying result.
BOOK-KEEPING AND OPERATION OF RAIL
ROADS.
Our report upon tiie condition and op
eration of the railroads of the State can
not be as full and satisfactory, as ft would
be, with a good and uniform system of
book-keeping on the part of the several
roads. Some have very good systems,
but they are diverse, and for some purpo
ses connected witii a report intelligible to
the public, aie not tbe very best. Few
persons appreciate the difficulty of getting
at any facts from sueh reports, not in
tended specially to be presented, and of
tabulating such facts iu any satisfactory
form, bits ..!» " o •>
-We are preparing forms-for a more
complete system, embracing all Ihe need
ful particulars to record the business of
the roads and make it.intelligible to all.
To achieve these desirable ' oiijecls, not
only book-keeping, bnt tbe principles of
tabulation need to be studied aud thor
oughly mastered.
The system we are preparing will com
prise full information of the capital in-
vested in each road, the aunual earnings
of taeli road, tiie rates and tonnage of
cscli, the annual expenses, the profits
made and the use made of the same, the
effect of the action of tbe commission on
each road, the actual savings to tiie public
doe jo the action of the commission, the
light of wuiparison furnished to the rail
roads, the need of economy on the part of
Die roads, and the inward aud outward
tonnage and business of each station, etc.
A general as well as a detailed view,
necessary to render reference back and
forth easy, thereby reducing tho area of
conjecture and enlaiging tiiat of Calcula
tion, will be supplied. The comparative
method—the great means of improvement
which gircs a sense of security and mas
tery—will be provided.for. This system
twill enable every one to obtain a better
general idea of tbe extent and importance
of the railroad property of the State, aud
of the great interest oftbe public therein.
Iu addition to tiie value to the public
and to tbe railroads, of such a system of
reports, cue of Uie chief advantages re
sulting therefrom will be the establishing
ot proper bases for taxation pf railroads
and railroad property In the State, which
information Die nperationssstthe commis
sion under this system would always ex
hibit.
SECRETARY, ETC.
The oosnmUaioners believing it best to
secure these nr ioes of a secretary thoroughly
versed in railroad business, steeled Mr.
U. A. Bacon to that position. The
salary now allowed him -by law,
tul consideration, as the best means oC does not compensate hint adequately
for the labor, ’and peculiar skill and
knowledge required in performing
tiie duties of his place. We respectfully
suggest that your excellency recommend
lo the General Assembly, tin; propriety of
authorizing such sn inereaso 6t the salary
ofthe secretary os will jastiy compensate
him for bis services.
Iu submitting this imperfect report to
your excellency, we desire to state that it.
amount of the present expense multi- • will be our pleasure, as it U our duly, to
wood man, and Willis was 'elected. In i dis-
the Macon circuit, Hardeman, Jamison been
and Collier were Norwood men, and Bart- dered
iett and Patterson were Colquitt men, and trvish
Hardeman was elected. In the Ocmulgee Isays
circuit, Whitfield, Furman and McWUor- 1 the
ter were ail Colquitt men, and Whitfield e.
was elected. There was no party division at |
all. Men were elected solely for other
considerations. The Colquitt men being J rejo
in a majority should have full credit for a es dc-
' berk!, conciliatory spirit. ' illow-
FOR MAYOR. of the
The mayor’s election is progressing.
It is a tight fight between H. I. Kimball chscie
aud James English, with tbe chances fa- ) bark
raring Kimball. The negroes are solid huday
for Kimball pretty near, and tiie whites id and
divided. The Legislature adjourns to-in and
morrow. Realitt.
•engpr
co,' of
te, but
up, of
Interior Department Report
Washington, December 1 The an-* cre? *
nasi report of Die Secretary of tbe Iuterior* uer ** '
was made public to-day. In submitting,
tbis, liis last annual report, to tbe Presi
dent, Secretary Schurz gives a review not 5
only of the operations ol the past year, butspeciol
of tbe four years o! his admiiiistraUon.ttan of
The larger part of tbe report is devoted U#o-day ♦ >
Lidiao affiLirj. In his opening cboptexe Navy!
upon tiie subject tbe Secretary gives sc on the '
explanation ot an important change whidry yard
lias taken place with regard to tbe reservAers haa
lion system. He says, that although ascretary
first accepting as he found it the reservst Com-
tiou policy which Isos ro long been fol mean-
lowed by the Indian office, more extensile dock,
observation aud study of the matter gradtimore,
ually convinced him that It was a mutade oi
taken policy—that it would be vastltpre
better for the Indians and more in accnrtbn. Hi
auec with justice, as well as wise expedtlt been;
ency, to respect their home attachmeutcaptain,]
to leave them upon the lands they occtpn were]
pled, provided such lands were capable r the re-
yielding tiient sustenance bv agricnltuff, espe
or pastoral pursuit*, and to begin and fde Nay
low up the practice of introducing amofCaptaii
tliein the habits and occupations of civtnaud ol
ized life on the ground they inhabit. 3
view of the toot also that the maintenan'
of the system of large reservations agair
Die prenture of white emigration and sett 1,1 nl
ment would In the course of time becot* 411 ^. *
impracticable, a different policy has bel a stu?* 1 -
followed, having, for its object the sett,® ahead
ment of tiie Indians tapon lands in aeyhantmar
ally, Die disposal lor their benefit of thr* 11 *° ^
lands not required for tbis purpose, «r a .' ™
gradually to prepare the way for tbpP“ **
final incorporation in the body politic “ !9 O
independent and self-relying meg, inv* heu
ed with ali the rights which tkewtber , aru *
habitants of the country jicsscss. 1 ‘‘•he Orti
results already accomplished iu pursua* 0 he r<
of this poliay and the promising outlies Ortl
in tbe same direction arc described in g l,| e Gael
cral terms ami illustrated by specific' - ' 11 hoar
counts of the progress msue by iudivitphon dw
tribes. The Secretary does not make
recommendation of importance inrea,
to the land grant .railroads, bid recan Y,
late* their last annual reports, and if ®] ,Li
as the result of investigations made by'”~"’ 1 ’V ,
government auditor, that their properr,/’ a!1 ‘
in good condition, that their earnings L j . n
largely increased, and that although tv],
both for height and passengers have
reduced it is believed there will be £r'».
the filling up of the country west of 0 ,
Missouri remunerative business env« i.undn
for each one of them. t of G. ]
; two hu"
Washington, December 1—TUe, $25.
act service has received a telegram per chant
Memphis stating that one CbarnnoLd cro
Auchise has been representing himsso <tases
Holly Springs, Miss., and Memphis (highest a
employe of the secret service, one 100 of
swindled a number of persons with!
checks and by other irregular transaf at Ifeum
It is thought that he is now on his rites with
New Orleans. b ..Califor
| W»27-3