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Killing Eggs of the Gypsy Moth on a Large Elm Tree
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The attempt on the part of the State of Massachusetts to eradicate the
gypsy moth has been generally considered as one of the most important
attempts of modern economic entomology. The conditions involve the ex¬
termination of a highly prolific species.well established over an area of more
than 200 square miles. The introduction of the gypsy moth was made by
Professor L. Trouvelot, the French savant, who was interested in the mat¬
ter of raising silk from native silk worms. The manner of their subsequent
escape is not clearly known, but the result was most unfortunate. Twelve
years from the time of its introduction, the moth became a serious nuis¬
ance in the neighborhood where It had escaped. The State of Massachusetts
has expended in the annual appropriations for the gypsy moth work the
Mm of $1,155,000.
| OOOQOOOOOaOOQOOOOGOOOOOOOO G
tack of fotask M a 9 o G G
fause a World’s Jt amine § §
Edward Atkinson’s Dire Prediction. O
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GOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOCOOO
E VERY now and again some
scientific investigator, delving
deep into the secrets of natural
forces, has unearthed a menac i
which has seemed to threaten world-
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ATKINSON MSF'y
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PROSPECTING FOR POTASH IN ARIZONA.
wide disaster and destruction to the
human race, says tlie New York Her¬
ald. It would be hard to tell how
many scores of times tlie people of the
earth have been called upon to face
the prospect, remote or immediate,
of their own annihilation. They have
been asked to consider the results
which, in some future cycle, will come
ifrom the steady cooling of the earth’s
surface, to prepare for. .mundane anni¬
hilation through collision with some
whirling comet and to give attention
to dozens of other hypotheses equally
unalluring.
In the multiplicity of these theories
It would seem that the possibilities had
been exhausted, but every now and
then a new deduction fs brought for¬
ward to startle the world. It has re¬
mained for Mr. Edward Atkinson, the
scientist, essayist and political agita¬
tor, to develop the newest and most
surprising theory as to the nature of
the embarrassments which will force
themselves upon the world’s inhabit-
ants as the centuries roll around. Mr.
Atkinson believes with Sir William
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AN AMERICAN FARM IF WHAT MR. ATKINSON SAYS COMES TRUE-
Crookes and some other eminent sci¬
entific speculators that the great diffi¬
culty, when it arises, will come in the
form of hunger—the exhaustion of the
•world’s food supply. But he does not
believe this will be reached through
over-population or the taking up of
all the arable land. Mr. Atkinson’s
suggestion, which is uique at least, is
that the world famine is likely to come
in the form of a potash famine—
through the using up of the potash in
the soil, and the consequent failure
of the land to produce food crops.
It is safe to say that most persons
never have taken potash into consid¬
eration as one of the food essentials
of the planet. It is a fact, however,
that it possesses real importance in
the production of almost every food
crop that grows. Potash is present
in every part of the earth's crust, at
least in every part presenting an ara¬
ble surface. Soluble potassium salts
are,found in quantities in all fertile
soils. These salts are sucked up by
the roots of plants and trees, which
eagerly seek them out as necessities
of life. It is a significant fact that
even where soda predominates in the
soil the plants take up the potash
salts in preference.
After taking part in the processes of
nutrition and being transformed into
organic salts the potash salts may re¬
sume their original form through com¬
bustion. There is a loss in quantity,
however, and in the case of plants
which are used for food or in the vari¬
ous human arts there is, of course, a
nearly complete loss. The cause for
concern in regard to the question of
the world’s future food supply lies
in the fact that potash is not renewed
in the manner of some other elements
of vegetable life. It is a mineral de-
posit arising through the natural de¬
composition of certain rocks. On tilled
land there is no opportunity for re-
newal in the ordinary course of rota¬
tion. It must be supplied. If at all,
from large mineral deposits.
This would- be a simple matter if
these deposits were large and numer¬
ous. Inasmuch as potash is found in
almost every part of the world it
would seem probable that such largo
deposits would be of frequent occur¬
rence. But, as Mr. Atkinson points
out, exactly the reverse is the ease.
In dlscussiug the matter before the
Association for the Advancement of
Science he called attention to the fact
that the world’s entire supply is at
present being drawn from the mines
of Strassfurt, Germany, and that,
while other fields equally great may
possibly exist, they have not been un¬
covered up to the present time.
Practically every bit of the potash
used in the United States is imported,
and the volume of these imports is
increasing rapidly, as the constant
working of the soil makes the use of
fertilizers more and more necessary.
At the present time these imports
amount to more than $2,000,000 year¬
ly, although the proportion of our soil
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requiring artificial stimulus is rela¬
tively very small. Potash is not now
expensive, even with the necessity of
bringing it across the Atlantic. The
real danger, as Mr. Atkinson sees it,
is in the exhaustion of the source of
supply when the demand grows, as
it is practically certain to do in ever
increasing ratio.
Not even Mr. Atkinson contends that
a food famine from the exhaustion of
the potash supply is imminent, but the
possibilities of such a famine are in¬
teresting to contemplate. It would
come about gradually, of course, the
dwindling of the supply being accom¬
panied by a steady Increase in price.
The first result, therefore, would be
to place this once humble product
among the precious metals. As time
went on it would rank, as Mr. At¬
kinson suggests, even above silver and
gold.
Before this point was reached, how¬
ever, the rise in the value of the min¬
eral would cause It to be sought after
eagerly in every part of the world,
would load to the conserving of the
present sources of supply and to an
attempt to find new ones. Men would
prospect for potash with greater zeal
than they now put into the search af¬
ter gold. The terrors of the alkali
deserts would be braved and men
would bore for the precious deposits
all over the burning plains of the
Southwest.
At the same time, efforts would be
made to gather the product from the
scatered sources of supply now in ex¬
istence in some financially profitable
manner. According to Professor Ditt-
mar, the very greatest of all these
sources is the ocean, and no doubt the
brains of inventors and scientists
would be racked to devise a means
of separating this potash from the
waves. In all primitive countries
where the supply of wood is large pot¬
ash is obtained by the lixiviation of
wood asbes. v
This source also would bp brought
into use, and gradually the forest trees
and such plants as nettles, wormwood,
tobacco and kelp, all of which are
capable of supplying potash in consid¬
erable quantities, would be burned to
rejuvenate the impoverished soli. Men
would live more and more largely upon
the food plants, requiring only a small
amount of potasl. for their growth, and
a complete change in the accepted sys¬
tems of diet wr-ild result.
To pursue the unpleasant transfor¬
mation to its final result it is neces¬
sary to picture a world growing grad¬
ually more and more completely de¬
void of life, farms barren of vegeta¬
tion, houses and cities deserted and
a race of beings growing steadily
weaker and weaker, and, even in the
Intermediate stages of the change,
entirely different from those who now
inhabit the earth.
It Is reassuring to note that the con¬
census of opinion among scientists is
that this extreme condition never will
be realized. There is one great prin¬
ciple generally accepted as holding
good for all the operations of nature,
which scientists bring up in opposi¬
tion to those who predict a final cat¬
aclysm of the world in any forn
whatever. That Is the principle'of the
Indestructibility of matter. 'At a din¬
ner of scientists held In Washington
at which the predictions of Sir Will¬
iam Crookes and Mr. Atkinson friTned
the leading topic of discussion, this
principle was advanced as the chief
argument against their conclusions.
The scientists were confident In the
belief that the potash taken in a thou¬
sand forms from the earth would in
some form return to the earth, and
that In some way the conversion of
potash from varied sources into shape
by which It could feed the soil, would
come about when necessity demanded
a. fry*-,..
There is no doubt, however, that the
discovery of an addition to the world’s
supply of potash is a matter of real
importance, and it is likely that the
sensation caused by the statements of
Mr. Atkinson will lead to a vigorous
search for deposits in' tills country.
If such deposits of any considerable
extent are in existence in any part of
the country they undoubtedly will lie
uncovered before the Herman field is
worked out.
CARING FOR THE FLAG.
Some Valuable Sucuestions From a Lieu
tenant in the Navy.
Flags, in a certain •way, are a conn-
try’s clothes, which it puts pu in the
morning and lays aside at night. This
we see in symbolic pictures, where
Uncle Sam, representing United States,
is dressed in the Stars and Stripes,
and John Bull, representing Great Bri¬
tain, wears the Union Jack for a waist¬
coat. A flag should, therefore, be laid
aside as neatly as a valued garment,
and when used it should be bandied so
as not to be soiled or torn.
A flag, properly made, has a light
canvas binding along its hoisting edge,
through which runs a piece of small
rope. At the top of the binding the
rope has a toggle, while about a fathom
hangs out at the bottom and is called
the “bending line.” The name and
size of the flag are stencilled on one
side of the binding near the toggle.
To make up the flag, fold it length¬
wise, with the name outside, two or
more times, until it is in a strip about
a foot wide. Lay the strip name-side
.downward; take up the end farthest
from the binding and fold the strip
down back and forth two or three
times, each fold on top of the pre¬
ceding, the last fold being thus toward
the binding.
Then rool the flag up to the binding;
take one tight turn around the bundle
with the bending line (or two turns if
the flag is large and the line long
enough) and push a bight of the line
between the turn and the flag as shown
in Fig. 1.
In this condition the flag is said to
be “made up,” and is ready for laying
away, or for bending on to the hal¬
yards. If laid away when thus mcide
up, its name and number will be in
plain sight, so that it.neeil not be un¬
robed to be identified, and when it is
unfurled it will be as if newly ironed.
When made up it can be carried about
without trailing in the dirt, and will re¬
main in a compact bundle so long as
no strain is brought upon the bending
line. This being bent to the lower part
of the halyards, however, a sharp pull
on the latter will slip the bight and
“break the flag.”
If the flag is a large one, a turn
around its middle is not enough to keep
it in a compact bundle, so it should then
be secured by tying around it near
each end a piece of cotton string. Id
this case the bending line is first laid
along the side of the bundle in three
bights, so that the upper string passes
through all three, and the lower one
through the first two, as shown in
Fig. 2. A sharp pull on the lower
part of the halyards will break the
strings and unfurl the flag as before.
It is not customary to hoist the flag
all the way to the masthead made up,
but only high enough to get it clear
of dirty ground, or of obstructions
such as rigging, trees, or the eaves of
houses; then it is “broken,” and hoisted
unfruled.
Flags are only mastheaded made up
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when it is necessary that they should
unfurl instantly, as at the firing of a
salute, or at some climax in a public
ceremony.
Above all things, flags should be kept
dry; and if they are wet when hauled
down, they should be spread out under
cover until there is an opportunity t«
dry them In the sun, so that the whit*
portions will keep bleached.—Joliu M,
Ellicott, lieutenant United States Navy,
in Youth’s Companion.
Easily Accomplished. ■
When reproved on one occasion for
not attending a oommitttee called to
consider the paving of St Paul’s
Churchyard with wood, Charles Mack-
lin, the noted Irish actor, said: “Ob,
lay jsour heads together, and it will
soon be done.”—The Argonaut.
HOUSEHOLD
Six HINTS:
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Decorating Hie Table.
There ere many conventional rules
for table decorations, but each house¬
keeper should carry out her own
Ideas. A table set without individu¬
ality is much like a nouse furnished
by an upholsterer. Have for every
day use a potted plant, or, if cut bow¬
ers are acceptable, a few cut flowers.
If the table .is large a handsome dish
of fruit or flowers in the centre, then
the candelabra or candlesticks, and
small dishes of ferns near the ends.
'Ribbon and lace have no place in or¬
dinary table decorations. All things
should be washable and made of such
materials as may be easily kept clean.
Wliat Laundresses Fall to Comprehend
Soft water for washing is preferable
to hard, for various reasons. In the
first place, because it uses less soap,
more soap being required to make n
lather with hard water than with soft.
In the second place, because hard wa¬
ter contains a deposit of lime, which
is not good for flic clothes, tending
to rot the fibres. One soon learns to
know the difference in feeling between
hard and soft water. There is no sub¬
stance so hard that it cannot be dis¬
solved sooner or late" with water.
Water dissolves the dirt, and water
without soap will do this. We use
soap, however, to softeu the grease
which holds the particles of dirt,which
loosen as the grease is softened. ’If,
therefore, the water which you are
compelled to use is hard, use borax
to softeu it.—Woman's Home Com¬
panion.
Preparing For Preserving Day *
In putting up fruit see that all the
essentials are on hand before begin¬
ning work. Don’t wait until the fruit
is in the preserving kettle before run¬
ning to tlie corner grocery for a little
sugar. It is economy of time to buy
sugar in twenty-five or fifty-pound
bags this month, for you will need It
right along. See that all utensils are
in perfect order, that a supply of new
rubber bands is on band, and that
the cans and glasses are as clean and
sweet and clear as soap and water
can make them. If every time a can
has been emptied it has been carefully
washed and dried and put away with
its own top screwed on—this part of
the work will be greatly simplified.
Yet, even if cleaned before putting
away, they will need to be scalded
just before using. Have ready a
small, sharp-pointed knife for paring;
a silver plated fruit knife ground to
a fine edge and kept expressly for this
purpose is best. Have a half pound of
paraffine on band for covering jellies,
several long-handled wooden spoons,
a ladle, a colander, a bright tin strain¬
er, a small skewer or silver nut pick,
several large bowls and platters, and
a couple of large porcelain or gran¬
ite kettles. Never use tin vessels for
cooking fruit, nor yet iron. Brass,
when thoroughly cleaned, is pleasant
to use, but its expense and the labor
necessary to keep it in good condi¬
tion preclude its adoption in the or¬
dinary kitchen. A plentiful supply of
cheese elotli and towels, and a large-
mouthed funnel to use in filling jars,
should also be in readiness.
t
w recipes:
Tomato Toast—Stew and strain
either fresh or canned tomatoes; thick¬
en with a little flour, season with salt.
Moisten the toast, and then pour the
tomatoes over it.
Almond Dressing—Shell and blanch
twelve sweet and foitr bitter almonds;
soak them in cold water an hour, then
drain and pound in a mortar with a lit¬
tle lemon juice; add enough more lem¬
on juice to make it the consistency of
thin cream. Heap strawberries on the
heart leaves of head lettuce in individ¬
ual saucers, and dust with sugar; then
pour the dressing over.
An inexpensive Ice Cream—Take a
gallon of new milk, and place all of
it, except a pint, or a little more, into
a pan over the fire, and let it be heat¬
ing. With tne pint make a good cus¬
tard, using two eggs, and thicken with
two ounces of corn flour. When tlie
milk approaches tlie boiling point, add
\he custard, stirring it constantly till
it thickens. Set aside to cool, and
when cold freeze in the ordinary way.
Bride’s Cake Icing—Beat the whites
af three eggs to a stiff froth. Add
(gradually one pound of confectioner's
tJUgar, heating all the time. Beat un¬
til the mixture will not run when
spread, and then add a few drops, or
a grain or two, of ultramarine <*• in¬
digo blue. Mix this in carefully, so
that it will not streak. Apply to the
cake with a broad, pliable knife such
as painters use for scraping pallettes.
Angel Parfait—Boil a cupful of su¬
gar and a half cupful of water to the
soft-ball stage. Pour on the whites
of two eggs beaten until foamy. Beat
until cold. Flavor with a* third tfia-
spoonful of violet extract and fold in
the whip from three cupfuls of cream.
Turn into a mold. Press down tlio
cover over a sheet of paper. Bury
in ice and salt for four hours. Turn
from the mold, garnish and serve with
ladyfingers-
The Care of Late Chick*.
Late chicks are not profitable unless
care is taken to rid the adult fowls
of the laige body lice, which severe¬
ly annoy poultry during very warm
weather. The lice leave the hens and
go to tlie chicks as soon as the latter
aro hatched, and either destroy them
or seriously Interfere with their
growth. Whenever a young chick ap¬
pears drowsy and inactive search its
body for lice.
World to End tills Year.
This is the recent decision of one of the
jfroininent societies of the world.but the ex¬
act day has not yet been iixed upon, and
while there are very few people who believe
this prediction, there are thousands of oth-
ers — who not only believe, but know that Hog-
tetter’s Stomach Ritters is the best medicine
biliousness to cure dyspepsia, indigestion,Constipation, troubles. A
ur liver and kidney
fair trial will certainly convince you of it»
value.
Ills Colors.
Mrs. Krlms^n “The fact of John’s having
blue eyes aud red hair makes it so hard for ua.
to decide.”
Mrs. Azure—‘‘So hard to decide what?”
Mrs. Krlmaen — “Whether to send him to Vale*
or to Harvard?”—-Brooklyn Life.
O-l-C
When a preparation has an advertised rep¬
utation that is wdrld-wido, it means that
preparation is meritorious. If you go into
a store to buy an article that has achieved
universal popularity like Cnscarets Candy
Cathartic for example, you feel it has the-
endorsement of the world. The judgment im¬
of the people is infallible because it is
personal. The retailer who wants to sell
you “something else” in place of the ar¬
ticle you ask for has an ax to grind. Don’t
it sta d to reason? He’s trying to sell
something that is not what he represents it
to be. Why? Because he expects to de¬
rive an extra profit out of your credulity.
Are you easy? Don’t you see through his
little game? The man who will try and sell
you a substitute for Cascarets is a fraud.
Beware of him ! He is trying to steal the
honestly earned benefits of a reputation
which another business man has paid for,
»nd if his conscience will allow him to go
so far, he will go farther. If he cheats
his customer in one way, he will in an¬
other and it is not safe to do business with
him. Beware of the Cascaret substitutor!
Remember Cascarets are never 3old in
bulk but in metal boxes with the long-
tailed “C” on every box and each tablet
stamped C. C. C.
The Funeral Employer.
"Was much feeling shown at your grand¬
mother’s funeral?”
Bookkeeper—-‘Yes Harper's Bazar. they mobbed the umpire.”
-
To Cure a Cold In One Day.
1'nke Laxative Bhomo Quinine Tablets. All
(i rugglsts refund the money If it fails to cure,
K. W. Drove's signature is on eaeu box. 25c.
Out Of Harm’s Way.
Jess—“I don’t believe Mrs. Sweet has any too
much confidence in her husband.”
Jess—“Before Hess—'“Why?”
she went away for the summer
she Harlem engaged Life. board lor him in Brooklyn.”—
Lydia
Pinkham’s
Vegetable Qompoum!
cures the Ills peculiar to
women * It tones up their
general healthp eases
down overwrought
nerves, cures those
awful backaches andreg*
dates menstruation•
It does this because It
acts directly on the fe¬
male organism and makes
It healthy, relieving and
curing all Inflammation
and displacements•
Nothing else Is Just as
good and many things that
may be suggested are
dangerous. This great
medicine has a constant
record of euro. Thou¬
sands of women testify to
It. Read their letters con¬
stantly appearing in this
paper.
I IT SOWS JUST Jtk |
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J IMPROVED LOW DOWN PENNSYLVANIA J
: Force Feed Fertilizer Grain Drill:
: Made with Hoes or Discs •
: :
: Mailed free. ; J
• !u»trate<\ catalog.
SOUTHERN DENTAL COLLEGE.
DENTAL DEPARTMENT
Atlanta College of Physicians and Surgeons
Oldest College in State. Fourteenth An¬
nual Session opens Oct. 2; closes April 80th.
Th -8* contemplating the study of Dentistry
should write for ca alogue.
Address H. W. FOSTER, Doan.
62-63 Inman Building, Atlanta, Gs.
That Little Book For Ladies, ?#.»■£:
ALICE MASON, Kochustab, N. Y.
If afflicted with i 1 Thompson’* Eye Water
sore eyes, u»o