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THE TRI-WEEKLY JOURNAL
ATLANTA, GA., 5 NORTH FORSYTH ST.
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THE TRI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, Atlanta, Ga.
Just One Touch of Democracy
Makes All Georgia Kin.
’ EN it comes to an issue of popular
rights against political dictation, one
touch of democracy makes the whole
w
of Georgia kin. Up in Bartow and Whitfield
counties beats the same strong tide of pro
test that pulses in Chatham and Glynn—the
same resentment against rough method and
gag rule, the same demand for a free ballot
and a fair deal, that throbs through every re
gion of the Commonwealth. By their denial of
the people’s right to vote on the name of Her
bert Hoover in the coming Presidential pri
mary the rule-makers of the State Executive
Committee have succeeded at least in solid
ifying public sentiment to an almost un
exampled degree. Georgians of all counties,
all vocations, all clans of the party and an
cleavages of ordinary opinion are united in
denouncing this autocratic deal.
Writing from Dalton, The Journal’s staff
correspondent, a singularly competent and
impartial observer, declares: “Hoover senti
ment is stronger here than in the neighbor
ing city of Cartersville; and in that city it
seemed almost unanimous.” Outspokenly and
as a virtual unit, representative citizens con
demn a procedure which in effect says to the
voters: “It is not your will that shall govern
in the approach >g primary, but the will of
your seven political censors; it is not for you
to decide who is a Democrat, that is the pre
rogaitve of your political overseers; it is not
well that you should vote freely as your own
judgment counsels, you shall be limited to
such candidates as your political brokers are
pleased to select.” Is it to be wondered that
Georgians to the manner born, a people pecu
liarly jealous of the liberty their sires
bequeathed them, should revolt against a
rule which strikes at the chief means by
which all civil liberties are exercised and
preserved?
Citizens rightly reason that if such inter
ference and dictation become a precedent, it
will not be long until the primary loses its
character as a medium of free expression
and sinks into the mere puppet of a few
partisan wire-pullers. In the present instance,
indeed, it is obvious that if the people’s
reiterated appeal for an opportunity to vote
on the name of Herbert Hoover is denied,
they will have in reality no choice at all. As
the situation stands at this moment, Georgia
Democrats will be forced to vote for the At
torney General of the United States as Pres
idential nominee, or not vote at all. They
will be forced to approve his opinions and
policies, his unqualified indorsement of ev
erything that has been done under the pres
ent Administration, and his apparent inten
tion of continuing in its every groove, should
he be nominated and elected—or else re
main away from the polls. That the At
torney General is an admirable American,
able and upright, none will gainsay. But
that is no reason why the Presidential pri
mary should be “sewed up” for his exclusive
advantage, at the expense of popular rights.
That is no reason why the Democrats of
Georgia should be forbidden to vote on Her
bert Hoover if they so desire. Nor can we be
lieve that the Attorney General himself, when
apprised of the truth, can countenance such
an unsportsmanlike rule as the committee
has made. Certainly, no one worthy of Dem
ocratic suffrage would countenance it.
The Situation in Germany,
UDGMENT on the fresh revolution in
Germany needs must be suspended un
til plainer developments reveal the
J
power and purpose of the new regime. It is
not yet clear, indeed, whether the events of
the last few days should be described as a
revolution or merely a revolt. The suspicion
having been abroad for more than a year
that soon or late the monarchists and mili
tarists would strike to regain control, one’s
first inclination is to take present occur
rences as a well designed if not yet wholly
successful adventure to that end. Some there
are who go further and say that this simply
marks the removal of what was never more
than a piece of camouflage. Thus the Lon
don Daily Mail, after remarking that “while
our politicians have been filling us with hot
air, the Junkers have been biding their
time,” goes on to declare: “They set up a
“dud” Government to sign the treaty of
peace, but when the time comes to carry out
the capitulations the Junkers again take
charge.”
Against this opinion stands the prompt
manifesto of the pew authorities at Berlin
to the effect that they will observe all til's
terms and conditions of the Treaty of V er
sailles. if tnat promise be empty words, the
Tact soon will begin to appear; and the Al
lies scarcely will leave any uncertainties un
guarded. It remains to be seen, however,
whether the Kapp forces will triumph over
the Ebert Government, or whether in the
event of their holding the saddle in Prussia
tbev can carry the rest of Germany with
It is by no means Impossible that Ba
--.rfa, Saxony and the Rhenish States would
break away from any such attempted domi
nation as that of the old empire.
Thinking Germans can but realize, more
over, that a reestablishment of the sabre
rattling oligarchy which went down in Hin
denburg’s deteat would revive the world’s
distrust of their nation’s motives and the
bitterness which ruthless militarism engen
dered. To arouse such feelings at the very
time when Germany is desperately in need
of outside credits and commerce, would be
tl<J one folly which a capable minded people
would most carefully avoid.
THE ATLANTA TRI-WEEKLY JOURNAL.
Kong Staple Cotton.
B. HUNTER, pi’esident of the Geor
gia Fruit Exchange, has proved
that long staple cotton can be
w.
grown successfully in North Georgia. From
thirty acres of red clay land near Cornelia
he secured a yield of nineteen bales of this
variety last year, which sold in Atlanta re
cently, together with the seed, for SII,OOO.
The cotton brought a price of eighty-two
cents a pound, and the seed, five dollars a
bushel.
In today’s issue of The Tri-Weekly
Journal is printed an interview with Mr.
Hunter, describing how this type of cotton
was brought from Mississippi and by several
years’ breeding was developed to the point
which enabled Mr. Hunter to secure a yield
of SII,OOO from a crop produced on thirty
acres.
He points out two facts: First, that extra
staple cotton can be grown in North Georgia,
assuring the farmer a much larger return
for his efforts than would be possible through
short staple cotton; second, that the variety
he has grown develops earlier than any other
commercial grade of cotton, even Early King,
and for that reason matures before the boll
weevil has an opportunity to attack it.
He believes, in short, that he has discov
ered a variety of cotton which not only will
yield the North Georgia farmer more money,
but will also enable him to produce a cotton
crop in spite of the expected invasion of the
northern section of the state this year by
the boll weevil.
Until fourteen years ago Mr. Hunter had
never seen a stalk of cotton. He had been
engaged until that time in newspaper and
advertising work, first in Chicago and then
in New York, but on a hunting trip he ob
tained a glimpse of North Georgia and of
the peach orchards in that part of the state.
He was convinced at once of the money
making possibilities of peach-growing in
Georgia, and when he decided a short while
later to quit the slavery of city life for the
freedom of the country, he selected North
Georgia for his home. There he cleared a
few hundred acres and planted orchards
which proved his first conclusion that the
peach orchards of the state could be made
to yield richly.
During the first three years of his resi
dence at Cornelia he was so busy with
peaches that he had no time to visit Atlanta.
His first trip here was to attend a meeting
of the Georgia Fruit Exchange. A few
years afterward he was elected president of
the Exchange, and has proved so efficient in
his leadership of the peach growers of the
state that he has been re-elected to the posi
tion of president in each succeeding year.
But his entire time was not taken up with
peaches. He became interested in cotton,
and following a tour of the state four years
ago with agricultural experts who were urg
ing crop diversification, he decided to make
experiments in cotton breeding.
“One thing I Jjecame convinced of,” he
says, “was that cheap cotton was a thing of
the past, and about that time I heard about
a variety in Mississippi and another in Vir
ginia. I sent for both and planted ten acres
in each. One proved worthless, but the Mis
sissippi variety grew the finest looking field
you ever saw.”
Later, Mr. Hunter made one hundred spe
cial selections, and when these had matured
he chose the seed from the twenty best to
plant the next year. From these twenty he
picked the ten that most nearly approached
his requirements, and finally by this method
of rejecting the undesirables, he narrowed
his selection down to two plants. From
these came the variety which furnished a
yield last year of nineteen bales that sold
for SII,OOO.
“About a year ago,” says Mr. Hunter, "we
ginned this cotton, and some really impor
tant facts were proved. The c,otton I had
secured from Mississippi, as the basis for
my cotton-breeding experiments, had shown
only 29 per cent lint. The second crop
showed some improvement, but not much.
The third crop made greater progress, and
last year—that is, the 1919 crop—offered
over 33 per cent lint.”
The cotton was brought to Atlanta and
expert graders agreed on two things, adds
Mr. Hunter: “First, that the cotton was
the most regular crop they had ever in
spected; second, that the fiber was ‘full’ one
and three-sixteenths inches. One of the
chief objections to extra-staple cotton is the
irregularity in length of fiber. The fact that
my cotton was not irregular was of much
importance. Next the cotton had been
graded practically one-eighth of an inch
longer than I had expected. In addition, it.
had been made a week earlier than had been
a fact before, although when I got it from
Mississippi it was the earliest cotton grown
commercially. This means much to the
farmers of Georgia, for upon earliness de
pends largely the future of the cotton indus
try in these days when the boll weevil is sit
ting upon nearly every stalk waiting for the
next bloom.” *
Mr. Hunter was asked how he could adapt
himself to a farmer’s life after living in Chi
cago and New York.
“Man,” he said, "I live in the best part of
the best state in the Union. I wouldn’t trade
the walk from my barn to the house for the
whole of Broadway.” ,
British Labor's Sound Decision.
PARTICULARLY happy instance of
Labor’s turning away from radical
counselors appears in the recent vote
A
of the British Trade Union Congress reject
ing the strike as a means of bringing about
nationalization of the coal industry. The
miners themselves voted approximately five
to three in favor of "direct action” to ob
tain Government ownership and opera
tion. But the rank and file of workers,
without whose support the miners could
never hope to make headway with so sweep
ing an innovation, stood nearly four million
against the proposed strike to a little more
than one million favoring it.
This does not mean that the Trade Union
ists have abandoned the idea of nationalizing
the mines; they are avowedly as strong
as ever for that project. But they intend
to press it by Constitutional methods. They
prefer the highroad of democracy to the
blind alleys of Bolshevism. They have Par
liament and they have the ballot box as
freemen’s agencies through which to seek
the ends they desire. If they can win thus,
they will have won fairly and constructively;
but if not thus, then they cannot win at all
so long as England remains a government
of the people rather than the government
of a class.
The principle which the British Trade
Union Congress so seasonably has indorsed
has been repeatedly emphasized in America
by Mr. Gompers and leaders of his sagacious
type. He has had to fight radicalism con.
tinually in recent years, but he has fought
it manfully and as a discerning friend of
the rank and file. He has seen how peril
ous it is to invoke extra-Constitutional or
extra-legal power in efforts to attain an end,
and how unwise it is for any one group or
element to demand more than its substan
tial rights. The American way of settling
issues is not so speedy or spectacular as the
Russian way, but it is incomparably safer
and surer and incomparably fairer to the
great body of the people.
The peacg treaty appears to be Lodged
in the Senate.—COLUMBUS CITIZEN.
CURRENT EVENTS OF INTEREST
A dispatch to Le Journal, a Parisian news
paper, from Berlin, says that the German
government will hand to the allies in May
a memorandum insisting on the necessity of
granting to Germany a loan of 45,000,000,-
000 marks. The memorandum will demand
modification of the rules governing the allied
occupation, the dispatch adds.
A bay horse with a cloven foot is exciting
much interest at the world’s fair in London,
Eng. The horse is the offspring of a shire
stallion and a Welsh mare, and it is suggested
that his two toes indicate a reversion to his
prehistoric ancestors. Prehistoric horses had
three or more toes on each foot. One of the
earliest members of the horse family, Phena
codus, is said to have had five on each foot.
The manufacture of hats in China is ex
pected to become an important industry.
With the cutting of the queue, foreign hats
displaced the native styles. More than 2,000
rush hats are exported each year from Ningpo
to the United States. A hat of good quality
is being made in Ezechwan of palm leaf
fiber. The extensive manufacture of straw
braid in Shantung will lead to the manu
facture of straw hats in that section.
Air routes from England to Egypt and Can
ada, Egypt to India, Cairo to the Cape and
India to Australia have been proposed by
Major General Sir F. H. Sykes, of London,
controller general of civil aviation. Another
route to be developed would be between Eng
land and the West Indies, with the Azores as
a stepping stone. From some central point
in the West Indies a connecting service of
flying boats could be usefully employed for
the distribution of mails.
In Franklin county, Maine, during the
month of January, ten trappers earned $6,000
from trapping beavers alone. The ten took
150 of these animals, the average value of
which was S4O per pelt. Al Wing, of Flag
staff, was the luckiest, getting thirty-five,
which gave him $1,300 for his month’s
work. Leslie Sylvester, of Dead River, got
twenty one, worth SB4O, while Ralph Wing,
also a Flagstaff man, got eighteen, .giving him
$720. The smallest catch was made by. C. H.
Henderson, of Dead River, who took only
eight, but those netted him $320.
In addition to the beaver, all these men
got some muskrats, worth $2 a pelt, and
also mink, fox and other fur-bearing ani
mals.
A good many years ago a resident in
Bridgewater, Mass., decided to try his hand
at influencing tree growth. Accordingly, he
planted four sapling elms in the form Os a
square at the entrance gate to his home and
bounded them closely together’ about twelve
feet from the ground. At the time his neigh
bors considered it a huge joke, but five or
six years later they were forced to admit
that the scheme was not a fruitless one after
all, because by this time the four trees had
had grown together and formed a unique en
trance to his home. The trees now have all
the appearance of a single tree on stilts.
Locally it is known as the “wishing tree,” and
small boys and girls believe that by making
a wish while walking in and out between the
trees, the wish will come true.
According to report from Berlin, the new
German coat of arms adopted by the national
assembly consists of a one-headed eagle on a
yellow gold shield, and without the old-time
crown. The eagle will be displayed in sim
ple heraldic form, without any accessories.
The Hohenzollern coat of arms and the
chain of the order of the silver eagle, all parts
of the old Prussian coat of arms, have been
omitted. The bill of the eagle, the tongue
and the talons are in red. Servants of the
government are to wear the device without
the shield so it can be pinned to their uni
forms.
Some of the Pan-German papers ridicule
it, saying, the “skinny, homely eagle with
extended tongue” violates the rules of good
taste.
A report from London, Eng., in contra
dicting a statement in the English press that
young women are being persuaded by agents
of the Church of the Latter Day Saints (Mor
mons) to leave their home and go to Utah,
J G McKay, London, president of the
church, has offered SI,OOO for proof of a
single case in which such means have been
employed to obtain converts to his sect.
DECENTRALIZE INDUSTRY
By H. Addington Bruce
iHE more I ponder t he great social
problems of today the stronger grows
my belief that a first necessary step
T
in their solution is a checking of the move
ment of population toward large centers of
industry.
If factory owners could be persuaded or
compelled—not to mass together, but to
separate, so that we should have many small
industrial centers, the task of raising the na
tional level of health and happiness would
at once become infinitely easier.
In fact, unless a decentralization of in
dustry is brought about it needs no prophet
to foretell an era of steadily increasing dis
content, with results that may be calami
tous.
The housing problem —so serious to
day in all our large cities —can only become
more serious with the passage of time if
industry is not decentralized. So with the
food problem.
Whereas, if the tendency were to the crea
tion of numerous small centers of industry,
herding in tenements might readily be made
a thing of the past, the workers could avoid
exhaustion in getting to and from their
places of work, and to some extent they
could produce their own food.
For in such centers every worker might
have his own garden plot, with time assigned
for its cultivation, to the betterment of his
health as well as the lowering of his living
expenses.
As things now stand, crowding, suffering
and widespread ill-health are inevitable.
Wage raising is only a partial remedy—if,
for that matter, it can rightly be called a
remedy. Education, though indispensable,
cannot possibly bear the fruit it should.
This for the reason that, whatever the
thoroughness with which a man is taught
how to live, and whatever his willingness to
live aright, social conditions obviously must
be such as to enable him to turn his knowl
edge to practical account. And, unmistak
ably, social conditions at present make health
education futile for multitudes.
Because industry has been overcentralized
multitudes are denied the air space and the
light all should have in their homes. Mal
nutrition is forced upon multitudes. In mul
titudes fatigue is chronic.
Os course, decentralizing of industry would
have its disadvantages. Especially would it
involve a slowing down of commercial activ
ity, a handicapping of trade.
But trade is not the be-all of life. There
are other things of vastly more importance
Trade can be' esteemed above these only at
the nation’s peril.
(Copyright, 1920, by the Associated News
papers.) *
Reports from the Portuguese frontier de
clare that the workmen in Portugal have
proclaimed a soviet republic. The postal
the telegraphic and other workers are said
to have joined the railroad men in the move.
Telegraphic communication with Portu
gal is interrupted, but the Spanish officials
consider the rumors of a revolution as alarm
ists. They do not, however, fail to take into
consideration the seriousness of the extensive
strike movement and its possibilities.
The Portuguese legation here is without
definite news from Lisbon.
A strike of all the employees on the Por
tuguese railroads was announced in a dis
patch from Tuy, Spain, on the Portuguese
border, Tuesday. The strike began Monday
night of last week. The message said it was
believed all the postal and telegraphic em
ployees would strike in sympathy with the
railroad men. who were demanding an in
crease in wages.
For just 23% cents it is possible to obtain
a hearty meal, washed down with half a bot
tle of red wine, in the Paris municipal restau
rants just opened. The 3% cents go to
pay for the wine. A prohibitionist can get
the following repast for 20 cents, and there’s
no tip:
MENU
Hors d’Oeuvre
Roast beef with fried potatoes
A large helping of vegetables
Cheese or pudding
Large chunk of bread
Food experts here claim that in no other
metropolis in the world can three such
“squares” be had daily for twice the price—
-60 cents for one day’s nourishment.
A giant crane, with a lifting capacity of
more than 1,000,000 pounds has been com
pleted at the fitting-out pier of the Philadel
phia navy yard.
A descriptive announcement by the navy
department says the crane, which has an
over-all height of 245 feet, or equal to an
eighteen-story building, was the largest of its
type in the country, having been constructed
at a cost of nearly $1,000,000.
The utility of the crane in permitting the
installation in battleships of wholly assem
bled turrets, guns, boilers, etc., which here
tofore have had to be dismantled for instal
lation, can be measured, it was said, by the
initial test feat of the apparatus, in which it
lifted two locomotives of approximately 100,-
000 pounds each, in addition to 832,000
pounds of steel billets.
Immigration into Canada from the United
States fell off 43 per cent during the last
fiscal year, according to a report of the Cana
dian department of immigration, issued this
past week. Last year 40,715 Americans set
tled in Canada against 71,314 the preceding
year. For the year just closed figures show
9,914 settlers came from the United King
dom and 7,073 from other European coun
tries.
Denial was made at the state department
at Washington, D. C„ of the published re
port from abroad that the United States gov
ernment, on account of the attitude of the
senate toward the Versailles treaty, has or
dered the withdrawal from Europe of its
representatives who have been acting as un
official observers to keep this government
informed of the work of the reparations com
mission and other bodies provided for by the
treaty.
According to a dispatch from Manila, pen
sions of $6,000 yearly w<ere granted the ter
ritorial legislature to General Emilio Agui
naldo, leader of the Filipino insurgents
against the Spaniards in 1896, and Caye
tano S. Arellano, formerly chief justice of
the supreme court of the Philippines.
The legislature also voted $25,000 to Frank
W. Carpenter, retiring governor of the de
partment of Mindinao and Sulu.
Retirement of Governor Carpenter was due
to abolishing of the political organizations
in Mindinao and Sulu, both of which have
become regular provinces with elective gov
ernors.
Mr. Carpenter has been in the service of
the United States in the Philippines for near
ly twenty-two years.
It is understood that Captain H. F. Col
beth, general superintendent of the Cape Cod
canal, has announced the reopening of the
acnal. It has been close to traffic since the
government relinquished control last Sunday
night.
RADICAL
By Dr. Frank Crane
We protest against being robbed of our
beloved word. People are taking it and
smudging in and calling it nasty, making it
hateful. And it is a good word, great prog
ress-pregnant, millennial, ideal. So we are
peeved.
The word is—Radical.
Radical implies going to the root of things,
doctoring diseases and not symptoms. It
means the application of intelligence to all
problems, and not being guided by tradition,
prejudice, or expediency. It means belief
in and utter loyalty to the truth.
And see what they’ve done! They have
married radicalism to envy, and made it
sister to idleness, selfishness, and fault-find
ing. Radicalism does not smash shop win
dows and shoot policemen; radicalism is pre
cisely the penetrating eye that sees such tac
tics are childish, do not pay, and play into
the hands of reactionism. ,
Radicalism is gentle and patient. Why
not? seeing that it goes to the root, lays hold
on foundations, grips eternal verities. Why
fret? When all-powerful?
Radicalism cannot be impatient and vio
lent. Only utter radicalism can “turn the
other cheek” and “resist not evil,” because
it alone has confidence in the cosmic laws,
and knows that eventually the universe spews
out the wrong-doer. It is unbelief, panic,
little minds, that rush to use force and blus
ter. “The half-faith lights the fagot.”
Radicalism is never bitter. How can it
be, since it sucks at the breast of Mother
Nature?
It is healthy, for it will eat no canned
ideas, but only the fresh grown.
It is tolerant, as it knows well that truth
always wins, against all comers.
It is not excitable and violent. It is never
wild-eyed and hot-lipped in its propaganda.
For it knows that it will triumph, being the
truth, and having the co-operation of the
stars. So it can wait. It alone can wait.
“He that believeth shall not make haste.”
Why do they say, “Such a man is dan
gerous; he is too radical?” Only the radical
is safe. It is the apostles of expediency who
need watching. If a man is not radical, why,
count your spoons when he leaves.
All my life I have aspired to be worthy of
the name radical; so I object when the pot
house partisan, or the smug profiteer, or the
social snob, or the sweatshop owner, or the
satisfied Pharisee, or any other of the worms
that infest outworn institutions or breed in
overiat privilege, use this most honorable of
names as an opprobrious epithet.
Also when the sour-livered apostle of un
rest, the crazy crank, and the angry Hooli
gan, take my livery of heaven to serve the
devil in.
(Copyright, 1920,, by Frank Crane.)
THURSDAY, MARCH 18, 1920.
THE TRI-WEEKLY EDITORIAL DIGEST
A National and Non-Partisan Summary of Leading Press Opinion on Current
Questions and Events
“A few months ago it was proposed that
Germany should be ecomonically boycotted
as a means of increasing its military pun
ishment. Now the supremo council is con
sidering economic assitance to Germany.”
Thus the NEW YORK TIMES (Ind. Dem.)
describes the great change in the attitude
of the Allies toward Germany since the Ver
sailles treaty was drawn up. "In a word,”
adds the PITTSBURG LEADER (Prog. Rep.)
"the statesmen who framed the term of
‘peace’ at Versailles confess they must undo
all the work and perform it all over,” and
the LEADER goes on to say:
"They must now do what they should
have done a year ago. Then they refused
to listen to sane suggestions. The program
they have mapped out now is precisely what
they were told at Versailles they should have
prepared a year ago. They could not see it
then —perhaps for the advancement of per
sonal political programs they did not want
to see anything they did not want to see.”
What is this new program of the Allies
concerning Germany? The official state
ment of the Allied supreme council says:
“It is most desirable in the interests of
the allied countries no less than of Germany
that at the earliest possible moment the
total repayments to be made by Germany
under the treaty of Versailles should be fixed
and that in accordance with the terms of
the treaty. ... she (Germany) should be
enabled to obtain essential foodstuffs and
raw materials, and, if necessary in the opin
ions of the reparations commission, should
be allowed to raise abroad a loan to meet
her immediate needs, of such amount and
with such priority as the reparations com
mission may deem essential.”
A striking illustration of just what a loan
to Germany means is given by the PHILA
DELPHIA RECORD (Ind. Dem.), which
tells of a man fined in court who pleaded
that "he had no money with him, but he
had enough money at home, if he only had
the means of getting there. The tender
hearted judge lent hi mmoney to go home
and get enough money to pay his fine.”
Yet when the victors assessed the cost of
war against Germany they had little thought
that they would have to set Germany up in
business before they could collect. "It is a
grim reversal of things from what we
thought they would be, and should be,” re
marks the WHEELING INTELLIGENCER
(Rep.), “but the world needs the products
of German mines, mills and factories, and
it needs to help Germany now if Germany
is ever going to be able to repair some of
the damage she has done in the world.”
But this policy “does not imply,” declares
THE ATLANTA JOURNAL (Dem.), “any
relaxing of the will to keep Prussianism im
potent. It means, on the contrary, a safe
guarding reaction against the danger of
Prussianism’s returning as the tenfold devil
of bolshevism.” The FRESNO REPUBLI
CAN (Ind.) points out also that the new
plan is distinctly in the interest of the Al
lies.
“England and France are literally afraid
to let Germany go bankrupt, just as we
ought to be afraid to let England and France
go bankrupt. Whether we love each other
or hate each other, we are in the same boat,
and we cannot afford to have any leaky
spots in anybody’s compartment of it.”
"Germany must be helped,” agrees the
PHILADELPHIA INQUIRER (Rep.), "but
justice forbids that it be helped at France’s
expense.” And this is what France fears,
especially if the proposed loan to Germany
should constitute a first mortgage on Ger
man revenues. The French believe their
reparation claims should have precedence.
France Is right in insisting, declares the CHI
CAGO EVENING POST (Ind.), "that noth
ing be done ... to lessen the indemnities
which Germany is actually required to pay
In reparation for Injury to invaded coun
tries,” but it believes that France is pro
tected in this respect by the decision to leave
the question of priority to the reparations
commission. However, as the NEW YORK
GLOBE (Ind.) notes, a proper provision for
HOGS AND DEMOCRACY—By Frederic J. Haskin
' ACKSONVILLE, Fla., March 12.—During the
last few years, hogs—not razorbacks, but
high-bred, pork-making hogs—have in-
J
creased in the state of Florida at the rate which
is probably unprecedented in porcine history.
At the same rate, and as a direct result of this
hog-manipulation, there has been a great in
crease in the number of that pillar of de
mocracy, the man who works for himself,
otherwise known as the independent operator.
For the facts concerning this great eco
nomic development, as well as the philosoph
ical inferences which accompany them, credit
is due to W. M. Traer, who is secretary of the
Florida State Swine-Growers’ association, and
is easily the leading pork-propagandist of
the state.
The sensational facts about Florida hog cul
ture are as follows: Five years ago there were
practically no hogs in this state except for
that characteristic and übiquitous feature of
southern scenery, the razorback. The razor
back, of course, is an animal not to be de
spised. For a combination of sagacity, speed,
wind, fighting qualities, omnivorous appetite,
self-reliance and immunity to disease, he is
hard if not impossible to beat. The objec
tion to him as a hog is that he produces little
or no pork. He shuns fat like a movie star.
He assays about ninety per cent bristle, hoof,
tusk and squeal. He excites admiration but
does not satisfy the appetite.
The Floridians decided that this old-time
southerner would have to go. They organized
and began to import blooded stock. The re
sult is that there are now nearly two million
real hogs in the state of Florida, and the
number is steadily growing. The state grow
ers’ association was organized two years ago,
and it is the leader in forming an all-southern
association. A Florida sow, with two genera
tions of Florida hogs behind her, won the
grand championship at the International Live
stock exhibition in Chicago. Recently as m- ch
as $32,000 has been paid for a boar to be used
for breeding purposes in Florida. A live stock
show is now being planned here which is ex
pected to attract five million dollars’ worth of
exhibits. There is a big packing plant at Jack
sonville, and two smaller ones at Chipley and
at Tampa. And all this has been accomplished
in five years!
Mr. Traer firmly believes that the hog is to
be the mainstay of Florida’s future prosperity.
As a quick producer of wealth, he believes that
the hog has no equal. Pork production, he
says, is the poor man’s best bet, and one which
he too often overlooks. More and more these
days it takes capital to get started in any
thing. The days when you could start on a
shoe-string seem well-nigh gone. The result
is that a lot of us are holding jobs who would
like to be in business for ourselves.
At this point we must rise from the solid
ground of fact and take : hazardous little flight
in the thin air of theory. Fifty years ago when
any could get a hundred and sixty acres
of good land by going west and building a
shack on it, we had little or no unrest in this
country, and other nations admitted that we had
a lot of democracy. Now that most of us have
to hunt jobs in cities, we have a lot of unrest,
and the people across the water regard us as
the most reactionary of nations In a word, we
venture the mild generalization that democracy
is at bottom a matter of economics, rather than
of policies, and so is unrest. If you are work
ing for yourself you are inclined to be satis
fied with things because there is nobody to
Helping Germany to Her Feet.
"actual damage inflicted” does not mean
that "the Allied world should go on pretend
ing that Germany can pay $25,000,000,000,
when in reality she can pay no more than
ten billion, or that she can pay immediately
any considerable sum without outside aid,
or that she can be allowed to relapse into
anarchy without endangering the rest of Eu
rope.”
This recalls that the amount of the Ger
man indemnity is not fixed in the peace
treaty, and the NORFOLK VIRGINIAN-PY
LOT (Ind. Dem.) urges that it be fixed at
once, for "the best interests of the Allies
demand that Germany should be In position
to make its taxation plans and enter upon
its task of payment at the earliest possible
moment.”
There are some fears, however, that con
sideration for Germany is carrying us too
far. Thus the NEW BEDFORD STANDARD
(Rep.) says:
"Some critics of the treaty seem to be
actuated by the belief that it is the duty of
the victors in the war to give the vanquished
all the advantage, even if such generosity
involves serious disadantage to themselves.
That the French might be resentful if some
thing were done or not done does not in
terest them, but the thought that the Ger
mans might cherish resentment has caused
them poignant grief. ... At the momwitt
British influence predominates. Germany,
having been rendered impotent as against'
Great Britain, is to be aided to her feet,
while the interests of the continental allies,
France and Italy, against whom, particularly
France, the German menace is serious, are
being minimized.”
The BROOKLYN STANDARD-UNION
(Rep.) feels even more strongly about it.
pointing out that Lloyd George "when run
ning for re-election promised that Germany
would pay forty billion dollars” and "as soon
as elected admitted that Germany would not
pay anything,” it says the "latest suggestion
is that ‘German sympathizers in the United
States’ would be called upon to furnish our
quota of the big loan to Germany,” thus re
vealing “Lloyd George as a pro-German
propagandist in the United States.” The
NEW YORK TRIBUNE (Rep.) likewise "has
no hope of silencing the newest form of pro-
German propaganda.” The TRIBUNE de
clares that ‘‘no ‘crushing’ indemnity has
been levied. . . . The reparation bill, so far
as fixed, is . . . $15,000,000,000, a sum it is
agreed Germany is able to pay. When this
amount has been paid over then the inter
national commission may, if it deems wise,
demand more, but only when there is unani
mous agreement that it is within Germany’s
ability.”
QUIPS AND QUIDDITIES
Through the dark, wintry night two dear old
pals strolled homeward. It had been some
body’s birthday or something. Anyway, it was
very late now.
As the church clock struck the hour of 3
one of the wanderers suddenly exclaimedi
“I haven’t any latchkey! ”
“Well, won’t your wife get up and open the
door for you?”
“Not much! Will yours?”
“You bet! I’ll scratch at (he door and
whine and she’ll think he- dog has been locked
out.”
The majesty of the senate does not .awe
Vice President Marshall. On one occasion
pretty nearly all the speakers were giving their
views of “what this country needs.” Mr. Mar
shall listened to many versions of the nation’s
needs. Suddenly he bent over and whispered
audibly to Rose, his assistant secretary of the
senate: “Rose, what this country needs is a
really good 5-cent cigar.”
The parties don’t seem as much In need
of platforms as they do of hat-racks.—CO
LUMBUS RECORD.
And in Spain they are complaining because
olive oil, the real article, is selling at fifty
cents a quart.—UTlCA OBSERVER.
blame except yourself; but if you are working
for some other fellow you are sure to blame
him, with more or less reason. The labor
problem is simply this fact operating on a
large scale. In other words, as other author
ities have intimated before, the idea seems to
be to get back to a system which will give
every man some control over 'his means of
livelihood, thereby encouraging him' to fight
with himself instead o f with the rest of us.
We do not wish to hang any responsibility
for the above wind-jamming on Mr. Traer, but
he makes an eloquent argument that the hog
is one of the leading methods of achieving that
needed economic independence. With a proper
eye for publicity, Mr. Traer says to take Florida
for instance. Here it is possible to raise two
or three crops of forage every year. It is also
possible to raise two litters of pigs in a year
without the use of artificial heat. A man can
buy excellent land for twenty-five dollars an
acre, says Mr. Traer, provided he keeps away
from the sections where the real estate oper
ator is most abundant. In such sections, he
says, the same kind of land sells for one
hundred dollars an acre. With one hundred
acres of land and half a dozen brood sows,
provided he has executive ability and industry,
he can found a fortune.
The Florida climate and the incredibly pro
lific hog magnificently co-operate in this glo
rious achievement. But main credit is due the
hog. Hogs breed at the age of ten months'
have two litters a year, and ten or twelve pigs
at a litter. Mr. Traer figures out on a piece
of paper with a lead pencil that the happy
owner of this one old sow and ten acres of
land, having purchased the services of a high
grade boar, may with luck at the end of his
second year have 81 sows, and may have sold
in the meantime 72 boars. This seems in
credible, but Mr. Traer is an authority and he
did the arithmetic. The deservi. g settler will
meantime be toiling on his ten acres, produc
ing enough turnips, peanuts, oats and other
crops to keep his growing porcine family alive.
Now and then he will pause to shoot a dose of
hog cholera serum into each one of them. He
will not lead an easy life, but the limits of
his ultimate wealth are measured only by his
energy and generalship.
Mr. Traer believes that a survey of the
United States will show that rural prosperity
is directly in proportion to the number of hogs
found in a given section. He points out that
lowa, which is the richest state per capita in
the United States, is also a great hog-producing
state. And lowa is a place where tne
wealth is well distributed. It is said io be
the one state in the union where there ar<s
enough motor cars so that everyone can get
his foot off the ground at the same time. It is
the direct antithesis of the great eastern man
ufacturing communities where the per capita
wealth is nearly as great, but a few persons
have got the most of it.
And in lowa there are 11,000,000 hogs. In
a word, nearly everybody has got a few of
these prolific producers, and therefor** nearly
everybody has got at least a little money. The
hog, after he is deaa, becomes a mainstay of
corporate capital, but alive he is the little fel
low’s friend. We have cattle barons and sheep
kings, but no one has succeeded in monopo
lizing the business of raising hogs over enor
mous areas, and in “squeezing the little fellow
out;” because it is too easy to start hog farm
ing. It is above all .. business where it is easy*
for the little (itllow to squeeze in.