Newspaper Page Text
"I Played Game of Checkers With Convention and Won' Says Nebraskan—"Proaressive Assured
BRYAN’S OWN STORY OF HIS FIGHT ON THE MEN OF WALL STREET
WILSON IS IMPOSSIBLE;
KERN A "DARK HORSE;"
GEORGIA STANDS FIRM
BALTIMORE. June 28.—The Georgia
delegation was enthused and highly
“ elated today over the showing Under
wood made in the first ballot in the
convention recorded at 7:10 this morn
ing. Underwood polled, under the ab
rogation of the unit rule, something
like 20 more votes in the first ballot
than the Georgians expected. He is
' generally regarded not only by the
Georgians themselves, but scores of
delegates from other delegations, as by
far the most conspicuous so-called
dark horse possibility before the con
vention now.
The Georgians confidently predict
that Underwood will show ever finer
form on the second and third ballots,
although they do not look for his nom
ination on an early ballot, of course.
From the very first, the Georgians have
received encouraging reports from the
New York delegation, and Tom Tag
gart this morning said his Indianans
look not with any degree of disfavor
on Underwood as an eventual proposi
tion.
Talking Underwood Only.
The Underwood organization inside
the convention is compact and aggres
sive. Wherever it may go. should a
break from the Alabaman come, it isn’t
talking anything but Underwood for
the nomination today. It is generally
understood that Champ Clark will get
Georgia’s vote when Georgia switches,
if she does switch, as has been pointed
out before, but the delegation sees no
switching point in sight right now. (
If Clark should show up strong on
the second ballot, and Underwood fall
off. it is possible that Georgia might
swing into the speaker's column on the
third ballot. It seems more likely, how
ever, that it will not swing away from
Underwood to anybody soon. Strageti
cally. the Georgians -"believe Under
wood's position today to be ideal.
Kern Looming Up.
In the event of a long and uncom
promising deadlock, and the apparent
impossibility of either Clark’s or Un
derwood’s nomination, the man most
•likely to emerge into the limelight
■seems at this moment to be John M ■
(Kern, "f Indiana.
The Georgia Underwood delegation
ils not particularly enamored of Kern,
•but it is beginning to realize that he
a possible, dark horse of probable
dangerous speed, and that his eventual
nomination, in a deadlock, is a con-
Itingency that they may be called upon
tfo face resolutely by and by.
If Bryan succeeds in blocking Clark's
nomination, as Wilson's already has
(been blocked, the Georgians realize
(that they have nothing to hope for
from the Nebraskan Ho is against
lUnderwood and seemingly unalterably
180 Bryan would take Kern, if Kern is
-the best he can get. He will tag Kern
8S a progressive candidate of compro
mise, and in the final analysis of
things, he might put it over. Only the
■actual -ballotting will tell the story.
• At this stage of the game Kern
fl >ims not nearly sq probable as pos
sible. Astute delegates, gireerly dis
cussing the Kern matter toWay. see in
it a tragic finish to Democratic hopes
of four years’ building. They say Kern
■would make, before the country, an
Absurdly weak and unappealing candi
date. Nevertheless, the Kern talk, for
■what it is worth, is going the rounds,
quietly, but surely.
If Champ Clark grows, and it Is pre
dicted generally that he should and
■will, the Kern talk will vanish into thin
air. and nobody will know exactly
where, when, why and how it started.
If Clark doesn't grow, lookout for Kern,
say the wise ones.
Wilson Outfit Exhausted.
There is scarcely a delegate of prom
inence in Baltimore, outside the Wil
son ranks, who does not agree today
that Wilson is clearly out of the run
ning and can not hope to come back.
7.ate yesterday afternoon, following
New York's vote on the South Dakota
case, the Wilsonites were filled with
ioy They thought It was to be Wilson
.possible on the first ballot. Today
they know, even if they yet are reluc
tant to confess, that Wilson has been
done for utterly. The Wilson outfit
has exhausted itself. It has reached
flood tide and never again will it be
reckoned with seriously.
New York’s flirting with Wilson on
the South Dakota case, was not un
rip,-stood by the Wilsonites. Cha-les
Murphy is today suspected of a clever
ly devised scheme behind that vote to
smoke out Bryan. New York has no
more idea of helping nominate Wilson
than it has of flying to the moon.
There is a large and swelling majority
tn this convention plainly determined
that Wilson shall not be nominated.
Mr. Bryan, in the peculiar attitude
of an instructed Clark delegate, has
been credited with a large desire to
further Wilson's cause. The cold truth
of tile matter is, Bryan is for Bryan.
But Bryan voted, under his instruc
tions. for Clark on this morning's bal
lot New York and Indiana may go to
Clark, and they may go to Underwood.
The best and surest bet Is they never
will go to Wilson on the question of his
nomination.
Why Georgia Hit Bryan.
The Georgia delegation cast its solid
vote against th*' Bryan resolution last
night more as a protest against what
is ii-garded as a piece of impertinence
and presumption upon the part of Bri -
an and an utterly unneo-s.'-.a: y piece
of clap-trap, rather than because It
opposed an attitude of hostility toward
ft;" nomination of any man or the pr
pondt rating Influen e of any man ir.-
sidt th Ta-mo'-rati' party, reactionary
• 1n tde'il- oi- political ' end of test
Thi Georgia delegation, wnich has
By JAMES B. NEVIN.
gained a convention-wide reputation
■for compactness, common sense and
aggressiveness, assumed and still holds
to the idea that the way to show its
faith is by its deeds—that the way to
keep reactionaries out of the party is to
keep them but, and that the way to
keep them from being nominated is not
to nominate them. It also feels that
the way to get a progressive platform
is <to have it written by safe and sane
progressives.
The Georgia, delegation has persis
tently and consistently resented by
Bryan's efforts to run the Baltimore
convention entirely his way. and large
ly to Bryan's advantage and glory. It
feels that Bryan himself has ultimate
designs on the nomination, and not a
few of the delegates cling to the notion
that Bryan is determined, down tn his
heart, to run the party Bryan-wise or
bolt.
The Georgia delegation attached lit
tle importance to Bryan's resolution as
a thing likely to accomplish some good.
It feels that the Democracy can nut
fool anybody with mere resolutions of
godliness and political austereness.
The Georgians feel sure, and have felt
sure all along, that this convention is
in no danger of nominating a Morgan
or Ryan controlled man for president,
and it resented Bryan's resolution as a
thing insulting in its nature and a slap
in the face of a convention willing and
anxious to do its duty by the people,
and that without prodding resolutions
and certificates of character issued to
itself by itself in advance of its acts.
A Crazy Night.
One wonders at the. futility and ut
ter uselessness of adjectives w hen he
attempts to tell in intelligent language
of that wild, crazy, thrilling, wearisome,
awful night here in the Fifth regiment
armory in old Baltimore town, just
passed into history.
Whatever Bedlam was or is. that was
worse. A man sitting next to me along
about midnight said there were 29.000
people in the building. It struck me
as rather curious that he didn't say
29.4t>7 or 28,998, or something like that,
for all he knew. Long ago some mathe
matical and otherwise wise philosopher
said it was impossible for the human
mind to conceive a million of anything
1 thought last night of him, and won
dered if there might not be. really, a
million people in that armory. One
knows that all Baltimbre was not tn
there, of course, besides the visitors, for
outside there was jam terrific, and
down town the streets were crowded
early in the evening with thousands and
thousands watching a suffragette pa
rade.
I think the adjective that fits the
needs of this reportorial moment more
nearly than any other is crazy. Last
night was a crazy night, a lunatic night
perhaps, in that a lunatic is said to
have perfectly safe and sane intervals
at times. Anyway. I marveled that
men could lose all seeming sense of
proportion upon so little provocation
now and then and behave so much like
monkeys aud very small children with
out, in calmer retrospect, any actually
compelling cause.
The Clark Upheaval.
However that may be, I leave to
heads more clear, to pens more sure
and to tongues more confident than
mine, to say this morning. My emo
tions, along with those of the crowd,
ran the whole scale, over and over
again. I got mad. and then I got glad.
I almost went to sleep time and again,
and I enjoyed long between nodding
intervals, when I felt as if sleep never
more should wome to me. and for that
1 was thankful. When Champ Clark’s
name was mentioned for the nomina
tion that thing that breaks loose in
Georgia at times broke loose good and
proper here. Believe me, that's a fact.
There was one hour and five minutes
of it. or five hours and one minute of
it, I don’t, know which, and I don't
care. It was the craziest thing I ever
saw. and yet I was for it, strong and
militant, and I got into it. right up to
the neck, because a part of it. and had
a rattling good time while it lasted. I
previously had taken a hand tn the Un
derwood dertaonstration, too. I was
right there with the goods when it
came to demonstrating last night. One
would have thought that the demon
stration business surety was my long
suit. That's a mistake, however, for
after the Clark round I retired with
well earned laurels and victorious
eagles. My demonstration average
stood then easily at .999.
Pendleton in Ecstasy.
Colonel Pendleton said last night, on
the way to the convention hail, that
he was going there to perform the
sweetest and most satisfactory service
to Democracy he ever had performed.
He was going to cast, for the first time
since the war. Georgia’s vote In a nom
inating convention for a Southern man
Oscar Underwood. And the grim old
war horse of Bibb sat tight through all
the wearisome hours of the night and
the morning, and well after dawn there
came to him that opportunity for
which his heart had yearned and bls
soul had thirsted so long. In brave,
booming words, dignified and erect, hfs
good gray head thrown well back, the
Georgia, chairman cast, at last, his
state's vote for his sister state’s fa
vorite son. and then he sank back, tired,
but almost hysterically happy.
As to the things in detail that hap
pened last night, other writers than I
will tell. The story will be dramatic
enough and into it will go much of
pathos and something of humor. From
out the tangled mass of things, from
thi words -aid and the talk indulged
in. and from the more or less uncer
tain comment in the cold, gray dawn
•if the morning after three things stand
forth. I think
Champ Clark may bo nominated, Os
rar Underwood may be. but Woodrow
Wilson never will he Perhaps we are
up against a ong. hard deadlock. Time
will answer that.
'THE ATLANTA GEOKGIAN AND N EVVS. hftlDA Y. J I N E IHIZ.
THREE INTERESTED SPECTATORS AND
A WOMAN DELEGATE AT BALTIMORE
Copyright, 1912, by International News Service.
The top picture shows, from
left to right. Mrs. W. R. Hearst.
M. F. Torpe ami Mrs. Martin nsjpt
Glynn, of New York. At the not- • JSBt
tom is Mrs. R. F. Gainer, a >?’’ '
woman clebmate from California. MB
\Wi
/ r !r ' \
Saga , :
W f -jyWr JSI < /
\ wW\W alwf
/O 1 - IW
/w Isl ■ Ex
f --■ .S
\\ -■
W.
•• ' . fl® x \
/Hr' .?* /JfcX Hi
Al ••■■-■ BBEaHK&SS* F
Murphy, Sullivan
And Taggart Confer
BALTIMORE. June 28.—Charles F.
Murphy, of New York; Roger Sullivan,
of Illinois, and Thomas Taggart, of
Indiana,* who yesterday combined
against Bryan, held a conference after
the adjournment of the Democratic
convention today in an effort to agree
on a candidate on whom to unite on
the second ballot. No agreement was
reached, and the conferees went to bed
with the understanding they would
confer again before the convention re
assembled this afternoon.
Report from the conference had it
that Sullivan and Taggart had heard
by wire from many home candidates
who were concerned in their own suc
cess at the fall election and who urged
that they make such hay it* <he presi
dential harvest as would Irttst op
erate for harm against them In the
autumnal combat.
The Sullivan plan, as first outlined
in conference, was to subtract some
thing from the Illinois Clark support
and add it to that, of another candi
date’s asset. Wilson was suggested in
this connection and there was good
Sullivan reasons advanced for such a
movement. Taggart, having an eye to
home consumption of the news that
must come from the session, advanced
John W. Kern s name as a good one to
take on a radical pinch.
Murphy did not like either idea. So
when they parted for a little sleep they
had not agreed, but had in mind the
question of naming a dark horse. Kern
met with much favor in the talk, but
there was question as to what Bryan
would think of the selection, and Bryan
is a factor In all conferences of the day,
■whether of his own or his foes’ making.
It was esteemed likely that the third
ballot might in some measure show
the first tactical move on the firing
line.
Mrs. Taft and
Mrs. Bryan Saw It
BALTIMORE. June 28.—While the
turmoil and din of political battle raged
in the convention trail during the night
such spectators as did not for the mo
ment follow the hue and cry on the
floor turned their glasses upon two wo
men. From one to the other was di
rected the lingering gaze of the con
vention.
One woman was Mrs. William Jen
nings Bryan, whose husband was in
the thick of the fray that was raging;
the other was Mrs. William Howard
Taft, at whose husband the collected
fury of all the Democratic fire i« hurl
ed. They presented a study interest
ing in the extreme.
The one in royal purple; the other
in gray, the sat through the major por
tion of the long session, and hung ujton
every uttered word and every out
break that told a story or adorned the
tale of the fleeting history-writing that
was in progress.
Mrs. Taft held the high court that
belongs to the first lady of the laud.
Mrs. Bryan held the attention that
comes to one whose busband has been
first in that made veter
ans. as women wept end prayed while
their men folks went forth to bat
tle. These two women typified the spirit
of a comitoslte picture of women and
of war.
Mrs. Taft -at to the left of the speak
er's stand. Mrs Bryan directly behind
it. As the latter’s husband hotly at
tacked the financial stronghold of the
country in its political aspect, she bu
ried her face in her hands and sat.
head bowed, with every evidence of
deep emotion. Th"n she r> • ivetfd her
upright position and watched the dom-
inant figure of tlie hour as he pounded
away at the big men of money
Mrs. Taft sat in the center of her
court circle, divested of the purple tai
lor Jacket and (hatted with those near
her She laughed heartily when Roose
velt came in for a little drubbing at
the. bands of speakers, but the instant
William H. Taft's name was mentioned,
the contour of her face hardened and
she gave every visual evidence of dis
pleasure.
And the opera glass turned from oue
to the other. |
Georgia‘Seconds
Underwood’s Name
BALTIMORE, June 28.—1 n second
ing the nomination of Underwood, on
behalf of the Georgia delegation, Jef
ferson Randolph Anderson, nf Savan
nah, great-grandson of Thomas Jeffer
son. founder of the Democratic party,
paid this tribute to the Alabaman:
The state or Georgia lias given a
large amount of territory Jo this
Union out of which other states
have subsequently been erected Os
this, one of the fairest portions, ly
ing nearest to her heart, was that
comprising the greater part of w hat
is now the state nf Alabama. It is
with peculiar pride and pleasure,
therefore, that. Georgia sees her
daughter state, now in Ih' 1 full
bloom of her magnificent maturity,
bring forward for the presidential
nomination a man whom every
Democrat can delight to honor, and
in whose integrity wisdom, ability
and courage every American can
place the most implicit trust and
confidence. Georgia lias gladly
given him her indorsement, and has
instruct'-d us. her delegates in this
convention, to give him our united
support until his nomination Is se
cured.
We confidently to’k forward to
the certainty of his nomination,
and ask you to examine, as we have
done, into his preeminent qualifica
tions for this high office, in the
serene conviction that when you
have done so you will agree with
us that there is no other man to
day to whom our party owes more
than it does to him. and that there
is no other whose nomination holds
out greater promise for the com
mon people of our count: y, or
whom they will more readtiy sup
port.
It gives me the most heartfelt
pleasure on my own behalf and on
behalf of the state of Georgia, and
J trust also on behalf of our en
tire party, to second the nomina
tion of the Hon. Oscar W Under
wood. of Mabatna. for president of
these United States of America.
“I Fepl That My Com
ing to the Convention
Has Not Been With
out Avail”—Neutral
on the Leading Can
didates.
BALTIMORE. MD„ June 28.—Wil
liam Jennings Bryan said today that he
had played a game of checkers in the
Democratic national convention last
night—and won. He likened the Intro
duction of his resolution against a Wall
Street candidate to the coup of a check
er player who has moved hie man be
tween two pieces belonging to the en
emy, with the black spares on the
board about him cleared so that the
capture of one of the others is inevita
ble.
"Don't you see," he continued, "that
I was bound mjjake one of them? I
could afford tn I'Wndifferent as to w hat
they did.
“The resolution put the convention on
record as against those influences as
soon as it was offered. There was no
way out of that. Moreover, the con
vention itself is a small affair com
pared with the party it represents. I
am fighting for the party, and with
this resolution adopted 1 believe the
way is open to a great Democratic
victory.’’
Tlie Nebraskan asserted the result
was made inevitable by the resolution
and it would have been the same
whether the proposition had been voted
down instead of having carried. (
“I was indifferent as to what the
delegates did." he said. “If the reso
lution was voted down it 'compelled a
progressive to be nominated in order
that the convention redeem itself. If
sustained, the delegates did not dare to
nominate a man who would be In con
trast or out of harmony with the reso
lution.
“I Am Satisfied,”
Says Bryan.
"Some of my friends feared that It.
might fall of a two-thirds vote, two
thirds being necessary to suspend the
rules, but if I had secured a mere ma
jority in the roll call the effect would
have been the same even if the reso
lution itself had not passed. I am sat
isfied.”
The Nebraskan talked as he glanced
over a sheaf of 500 or more, telegrams
that had come in from all parts of the
country commenting on the resolution.
Evidently they did not displease the
commoner.
The Nebraskan, exhilarated as he
was over his victory, would not discuss
the probable result of the balloting. He
said he would not discuss candidates.
Ho felt a trifle more free to talk, how
ever, when the names of Thomas For
tune Ryan and August Belmont, whom
he had mentioned in the complete reso
lution he had presented demanding that
they be removed as delegates to the
convention
"I am not worrying,” he said, "about
Mr. Ryan nr Mr. Belmont. However,
1 do not believe they will be delegates
to another Democratic convention tn
the near future."
The Nebraskan held that It would not
be Infringing on the rights of states to
have expelled the two men.
"Some of our Democrats are sincere
in the belief that it would be an In
vasion of the rights of the state to ex
pel these men.” he said. "Although that
is one of the reasons I was willing to
withdraw the Jatter part of the resolu
tion. I do not agree with them. T believe
that we have the same right tn expel a
delegate from this convention as the
senate has to expel Txtrimer. But I did
not wa.nt to make the second part nf
the resolution serve as an excuse for
voting against the entire resolution. I
Introduced this resolution to force the
nomination of a progressive. That was
my object in coming to this conven
tion. 1 feel that my coming has not
been without avail."
Silent on
Candidates.
"In view nf the fact," said Mr. Bry
an. "that the contest between the pro
gressive candidates has apparently
narrowed Itself until there are two who
are leading, would you be willing to
express your belief as te the possible
winner?" the Nebraskan was asked.
"I shall not discuss candidates," was
the emphatic, reply, "further than to
say that my position today is as it has
been from the very beginning. My po
sition regarding the two loading ran
didates is neutral. I am instructed for
dark."
"Does that mean." he was . asked,
"that you lean toward dark in your
preferences?"
"I announced before the primaries
that my support of the man for whom
the delegatee instructed would not
change my preference."
"How would you fee) toward Senator
John \V. Kern of Indiana if neither
• 'lark nor Wilson could be nominated?”
"Any progressive suits me,” said
Bryan. "My position from the first has
been opposed to a reactionary. That
is my whole fight.”
Mr. Bryan was told that Colonel
James Guffey, of Pennsylvania, had
said that the resolution introduced last
night had shattered any fleeting hope
that the tommoner himself might be
the party's nominee. Mr. Bryan smiled.
"Well. Colonel Guffey is an authority
on shattered hopes and, therefore, I feel
apprehensive after what he has to say.”
Mr. Bryan, rumor Is rife throughout
the ((invention and in the various
headquarters that you are seeking an
opportunity to holt the party and that
last night's resolution was to pave the
wav fur such a move. Has this any
foundation ?"
' That question is always the last that
is put to me by newspaper men he
< aitse they know that it will end the
Intel' jew I regard the question as im- I
pertinent and one that is not deserving |
of any answer," replied Mr. Bryan.
“Money Kings” Are
Fiercely Attaked
BALTIMORE. June 28.—The Demo
cratic convention by a two-thirds vote
declared itself opposed to the nomina
tion of any candidate for president who
is under obligation to J. Pierpont Mor
gan. Thomas F. Ryan. August Belmont
or "any privilege-seeking class." Wil
liam Jennings Bryan introduced the
resolution in the face of Belmont and
Ryan, who were on the floor as dele
gates, and led the debate for its pass
age through one of the wildest scenes
the convention has known. His de
mand for the withdrawal of Ryan and
Belmont was eliminated from the reso
lution as finally passed, after a heated
reply by Representative Flood, of Vir
ginia, who defended Ryan.
Demands Withdrawal.
His resolution was:
"Resolved. That in this crisis in our
party’s career and in our country’s his
tory, this convention sends greeting to
the people of the United States, and as
sures them that the party of Jefferson
and of Jackson is still the champion of
popular government and equality be
fore the law. As proof of our fidelity to
the people we hereby declare ourselves
opposed to the nomination of any can
didate for president who is the repre
sentative of or undet any obligation to
I. Pierpont Morgan, Thomas F. Ryan,
August Belmont. or any other member
of the privilege-hunting and \ favor
see.kfng class.
“Be i' further resolved. That we de
mand the withdrawal from this con
vention of any delegate or delegates
constituting or representing the above
named."
"Objection having been made. I move
to suspend the rule and consider the
resolution at this time," said Mr.
Bryan.
The convention was thrown Into an
uproar.
Chairman James warned the specta
tors to keep quiet.
Mr. Bryan then began his argument
for the resolution.
"This is an extraordinary session,
but extraordinary conditions need ex
traordinary remedies." said Mr Bryan.
“We. are now engaged in conducting a
convention that will place before the
country the Democratic nominee, and I
assume that each delegate is here be
cause he wants that nominee elected,
and ft is in order that we may advance
the Interests of our candidate.
“There are questions upon which we
may assume the American people are
informed," he continued. "And there is
not a delegate in this convention who
does not know that an effort is being
made right now to sell the Democratic
party into the bondage of the preda
tory interests.
"Most Brazen Attempt.”
‘fit is a most brazen, impudent and
Insolent, attempt to make, the nominee
of this convention the bond-slave of
the men who exploit the people of this
country.”
He then denounced Ryan, Belmont
and Morgan as the men involved.
The convention cheored the speaker
to the echo.
"Some one has suggested." said Mr.
Bryan, "that we have no right to dis
cuss the delegates here.”
"I said It," Interrupted Governor Gil
christ, of Florida, who remained on
the platform.
"I say,” retorted Mr. Bryan, "that If
these men are willing to insult 6,500.-
000 people. Democrats ought to speak
out against them and let them know
we resent the insult.
"I, for one, am not willing that Ryan
and Belmont should come here with
their paid attorneys a.nd seek secret
conference with the managers of the
party. No sense of politeness will keep
me from protecting my party.
Names Belmont and Ryan.
"I'll make you a proposition.” said
Mr. Bryan, "one of the men—Mr. Bel
mont—sits with New York; the other
—Mr. Ryan—with the, Virginia, delega
tion. If New York will take a poll of
Its vote, and If a majority—not Mr.
Murphy, hut a majority of Its dele
gates. will protest against ths with
drawal ,of Mr. Belmont, and If Virginis
on roll call will protest against the
withdrawal of Mr. Ryan, I will with
draw the last part of my resolution
requesting their withdrawal from the
convention Rut I will not withdraw
the first part, which demands that out
candidate shall be free from entangle
ment with these men." Again the con
vention was in an uproar, and Mr. Bry
an found it difficult to proceed,
John VV. Price, of Virginia, also asked
time from Mr. Bryan to make a state
ment.
“On behalf of the state of Virginia,
we protest as to the latter part of the
resolution.” he said, “but no one will
accede more heartily to the first part
of it."
"If there are undesirable men on the
Virginia delegation,” he said, "Virginia
will take the responsibility. Virginia
can right her wrongs and demand her
rights without outside interference."
Bryan Tones" It Down.
Mr. Bryan, resuming his argument,
said he would modify his resolution as
to Virginia and the unseating of Mr.
Ryan, as two men had spoken for that
state objecting to the latter part of his
resolution.
"Does New York ask the withdrawal
of the last part of the resolution?”
questioned Mr Bryan.
"No, no,” came from the floor.
“Withdraw it yourself." shouted some
one.
"I prefer to hear from New York
nersel f."
Tile New York delegation sat in ab
solute silence.
Chairman James had the resolution
read as modified by Mr Bryan. It
omitted all of the paragraph demand
ing the withdrawal of delegates repre
senting Ryan. Belmont or Morgan.
The vote which gave lhe resolution
two-thirds of the votes in the conven
tion was ( ast by Texas. That state
voted lit solid for the resolution. This
gsve the proposition 737 vote- Seven
I hundred and twenty-six was two-
I third- with the six Philippine delegates
eliminated by this afternoon s action.
5