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OUR ANTEDILUVIAN ANCESTORS
Copyright. 1913, International New# Service.
This Nation Should Be Foremost
in the Cause of Peace, hut
Only the Strong Can Com=
mand Peace-AVE MUST
BE STRONG.
They were eloquent, statesmanlike, patriotic declarations
which the Secretaries of War and the Navy, Daniels and Gar
rison, made at the banquet of the Navy League the other night.
They should be read by every citizen who loves his country.
Secretary Daniels said:
When the people plead for a greater American navy we will
have it, and not till then. If we can convince the people of the
United States that the navy is theirs, and that you and I are
her e as their servants to carry out their wishes and interests in
regard to it, I will feel that my service here hag not been in
vain.
I do not want the people to feel that the navy is anchc-ed
somewhere away from them in the far mid-ocean of profession
alism. but that it is moored alongside of the American home,
and for its protection. I want them to know about it; not only
'ts glories of the past, but its present efficiency and its future
* possibilities.
Secretary of War Garrison said:
This preparedness can be had only by rounding out and com
pleting the navy and making it large enough to be the strong right
arm of the Republic, and to do the work for which the strong
right arm is intended, not for punishment, not for injury to
others, but for protection to one’s self and country.
If every citizen would give the question of the maintenance
of an efficient navy his serious consideration, he would appre
date that our navy is a vital, practical institution; that the
money which we spend upon it is a prudent, businesslike ex
penditure; that its existence is not inconsistent with the highest
ideals of our modern civilization; that it is not inconsistent with
the principle of universal brotherhood or with the hope of uni
versal peace.
A navy sufficiently strong to protect our country against
all probable contingencies is a provision as prudent as the insur
ance which a business man takes out against fire and flood and
accident. No prudent man leaves his home and his business un
insured.
Yet, the probability of loss by fire and flood and accident is
not nearly so great to the business man as the probability of loss
by war to this country. War has recurred regularly about ev
ery twenty-five years with this country. Not only is this true
since we became an independent nation after the Declaration of
Independence, but it is true of our people since the continent was
first settled, when Captain John Smith landed in 1609 on Vir
ginia soil and the Pilgrims landed in 1620 on the rock bound
ooest atf Massachusetts.
Evs.,y generation, from the colonial days to our own gen
eration, has fought a war. There is no evidence that wars have
decreased in frequency.
We have high hopes that the end of killing men to settle
questions of conflicting interests is near at hand, because we
know that it is wrong and barbarous and unbusinesslike and un
necessary. We believe that the wonderful improvements in the
m. ,1 oi communication, the telegraph, the telephone, the wire
f ... ihe high speed of steamships, the ajrships, the advancement
of universal education and everything which brings the differ-
• nt peoples closer together and gives them more enlightenment,
v i! make for the universal peace.
When a thoughtful people appreciate the cost of war and
understand who pays the bills, they will stop it. Already we see
signs of this awakening in Germany and France, where the rep
resentatives of the workingmen are protesting against the ter
rible cost of the enormous armaments of those countries. They
are beginning to realize that they pay the hills and it is their
bodies which are exposed to the danger.
America should be the foremost nation in promoting the
cause of peace. But obedience to the great injunction of the
great founder of our country, that in time of peace we should
prepare for war, is not inconsistent with work in the cause of
peace.
We are coming to see with increased clearness every day
that the criminal is more to be pitied than to be blamed. He is
often the victim of inherited temperament, acted upon by his
environment. Society is now giving a great deal more attention
to the work of improving the conditions under which children
are bom, which largely determine their temperament, and to
improving their environment.
But do we consider that we should abolish our police force
and our criminal courts or make them any less efficient because
we are working also through other means to reduce criminality?
Society to-day is raising the standards of our building construc
tion to lessen their liability to destruction by fire. But is the
maintenance of an efficient fire department inconsistent with the
work of reducing fire risks by better building laws, greater re
strictions on the license of building, and the abolition of fire
traps? Is the business man inconsistent who approves of the
public expenditures to make buildings proof against fire, and
yet who, nevertheless, takes out an insurance on his property?
If there existed in the world an insurance company gigantic
enough to insure a nation against the losses which follow in the
wake of war, loss of life, of health, of property, of business, of
territory and worldly influence, does anybody dreair that such
an insurance company would not charge us premiums greater
than the entire yearly cost of our navy?
Yet, when we know that since the earliest settlement on this
continent every generation of our people has faced a war,
wouldn t it be prudent for us to take out suoh an insurance and
pay the enormous premium if we had no other way of insuring
ourselves against the losses which war entails?
There are some w r ho consider that we do not need expensive
■ ; 'rance against war, because our country is unconquerable,
i is true that its resources, its population and the intelligence
; . r organizing capacity of its people are unmatched. But the
rinory of the world is full of instances of the overthrow of rich,
Aclligent peoples by an enemy of far less resources, but of
nob better warlike preparation.
Moreover, there is nothing more costly to a nation than a
, ’ unnecessarily prolonged through a lack of preparation. If
v e er. unconquerable the navy would still be a valuable, pru-
dent and < umesslike insurance against unnecessary losses which
would follow the unnecessary prolongation of war for which
c weie not prepared.
H Let us work for universal peace. But let us have a strong
Wr.Avy, which can never jeopardize our own liberty, but will
always insure us against the danger from without, and which
at some juncture, as the possession of a righteous nation, may
, guarantee the world’s peaoe,
t \
Ella Wheeler Wilcox
Asks
Are You a Good
Neighbor?
If So, She Says, You Never Fawn. Flatter,
Envy or Are Jealous, but You Act the
Real Human Person When Your Neigh
bor Is in Trouble and When He Is Not
Written For The A tlanta Georgian
By Ella Wheeler Wilcox
Copyright, 1913, by American-Journal-Examiner.
le seem to be having a
lively time!" “Lively! Well,-1 should s^v so! That’s the'
„ e!” “Lively!
( Tiffville Supper Club! They’ve got all the new dances, including the ‘Dinosaurus Trot,’ the ‘Pre-
| historic Tango’ and the ’Brontosaurus Slide!' They’re a classy bunch, believe ME!” ^
Consider the Universe; It Improves the Mind
By GARRETT P. SERVISS
A CORRESPONDENT asks
whether it is true, as
he has read, that a
faint spindle of light which
an opera ulass shows in
constellation Andromeda is in
reality another universe lyinn
far off from the uttermost shores
of our universe and possessing its
own Milky Way and its own clus
ters of stars and swarms of
worlds. And. if anybody believes
this is so, he would like to know
why.
It will help to make the an
swer clearer if we first consider
the appearance of the Andromeda
nebula.
The naked eye can just glimpse
it on a dark night like the mer
est speck of luminous smoke. An
opera glass, its above said, shows
it in the form of a glimmering
spindle. A powerful telescope re
veals it as an elongated glowing
cloud, the brightest part of which
is at least twice as long as the
full moon is broad when seen
with the naked eye.
Two dark rifts seem to partial
ly divide it lengthwise, and a
small round nebula shines, like a
little attendant, off at one side.
The condensed parts have a
sparkling appearance, like frosted
silver.
Marvellous Transformation.
A marvellous transformation
takes place when a photographic
plate instead of the eye is ex
posed at the focus of a telescope
pointed at the Andromeda nebula.
In the photograph the glowing
cloud appears in the form of a
great irregular central mass, sur
rounded by several more or less
broken rings, all of which are
seen slopingly, so that they look
like long ellipses. The appear
ance is as If the whole nebula
were in whirling motion, like a
gigantic cyclone of fiery clouds,
and the rings seem to be flying
asunder.
Before going further, some
thing should be said about the
probable size of this wonderful
object. Some observers have re
ported that they could trace its
faint extensions over a space four
degrees in length, or eight times
the breadth of the full moon. In
order to be well within the truth,
however, let us assume that the
length of the brighter portion is
only one degree.
Now. the actual size of an ob
ject which appears one degree
broad depends upon its distance
from the eye. We do not know
the distance of this nebula, but
we have the best reasons for be
lieving that it cannot be less than
100 light-years away i. e. light,
which travels 186,304) miles per
GARRETT P. SERVISS.
second, requires 100 years to
come to us from it. In 100 years
light travels, in round numbers,
580 millions of millions of miles!
That, then, is the least distance
that we can assume for the An
dromeda nebula.
To tell how large it is we have
only to remember that the appar
ent diameter of any object bears
a fixed proportion to its distance.
If the apparent diameter is one
degree the distance will be about
67.3 times tlie real diameter. In
this case we know the distance,
or, at least, we know that it can
not be less than a certain amount,
although it may be more—and we
wish to find out the real diameter
from knowing the apparent di
ameter and the distance.
How to Judge Size.
All we nave to do, then, is to
divide 580,000,000,000,000 by 57.3.
For simplicity call the divisor 58,
and the result is 10,000,000,000,000.
That tremendous number repre
sents the length of the Androme
da nebula in miles
To comprehend it, let us make
a little calculation A swift pro
jectile fmm a modern gun can go
at the rate of half a mile in a
second, 30 miles in a minute. 1.800
miles in an hour, 43,200 miles in a
day, or 15,789.600 miles in a year.
Such a projectile, if it kept
right on. never slowing in the
least, would take about 640.000
years to pass from end to end
through ihe Andromeda nebula.
assuming that its size is no
greater than we have supposed. A
railroad express, traveling a mile
a minute, would require 1,920.000
years to make that trip.
Now. what is the Andromeda
nebula ?
To the eye it resembles other
nebulae, which we know are com-
composed of gaseous matter not
yet condensed into stars. But the
spectroscope shows that its light
is not that of a true nebula, but
rather resembles the light that
would come from a mass of stars
so Ear away that no telescope,
and no photograph, can reveal
them separately to our eyes.
For this reason some astrono
mers have guessed that it may
be an outer universe, which we
see dimly gleaming in the depths
of space beyond our. starry sys
tem.
Perhaps Another Universe.
Whether this is really so or not
we do not yet know, but if it is
so. then we must conclude that
many other so-called nebulae are
also outer universes, for they too
present the same peculiarity in
their light.
For my own part, I am disposed
to think that all of these objects
are parts of our own universe,
but We are hardly yet In a posi
tion to be dogmatic on the sub
ject
A Love of Home That Is Worth While
T HEY are taking the Chicago
Itigli school girls to ilie Stock
Yards nowadays to learn how
to cut meat to the best advan
tage.
“Chuck steak is better than
tenderloin if you know how to
iook it.” they ray at the Stock
Yards, “and a pot roast w ill beat
an oven roast all hollow if the
cook is all right.”
Quite true, perhaps. I always
seem to catch myself preferring
tenderloin and the oven roast
myself, all other things being
equal, though there is no question
that a “chuck” steak well broiled
Is better than a tenderloin or
even a porterhouse, that king of
meats, fried to leather; but 1
wonder if knowing these things
is going to help the way taring
man, though a wiseacre as to his
meals .’
Just Plain Lazy.
There’s no getting round it at
all—the American housekeeper is
lazy . not incompetent merely,
just plain LAZY. getting
laxier every day.
Did you ever notice .he office
hoy 7
Give an. office boy more to do
<
By WINIFRED BLACK.
than lie can do hikI lie’ll be up
ami coming—wideawake and
right there every minute.
Put him into another office
where there isn’t enough to do
to keep him busy and he’ll groan
if you ring for a paper weight
and moan if you try to drag him
from his "thriller.”
That’s what’s the matter with
ihe American woman when it
comes to housekeeping—her job
is too easy and she won’t do it.
It doesn’t seem worth while
somehow
No fires to make, no ashes to
dispose of. no laundry in the
house, electric irons all over the
place—why not have it a little
easier and run to the delicatessen
and get dinner instead of bother
ing with it at all?
The old-fashioned housekeeper
had to get her fire started just
so far ahead anyhow or she
wouldn’t have any oven for bis
cuits so while she was waiting
she did other variously useful
and interesting things.
Basting the roast, for instance,
and flavoring it. I've eaten pot
roasts at my German friends’
that were .worth eating and re
membering, too, but they weren't
cooked at the last minute as an
afterthought when mother got
home from the matinee. The
mushrooms that made that gravy
were in soak for two hours be
fore the roast went to the pot,
and somebody did some work on
the almonds that gave the meat
such a delicious flavor.
The average cook will not do
the things that mean trouble—
and brains. It hurts to make
your brain work when you can
make somebody else do the work
with his digestion. The house
mother must be there to see to
the general plan or somebody will
see that something is slighted.
Let’s Learn How to Live.
We aren’t here merely for or
naments. girls of the high school.
Life ‘is something bigger and bet
ter and more fun than any mere
game. Let’s learn how to live it
before we drag some foolish man
into harness, where he has to do
all the pulling.
Industry, earnest interest in
household affairs, a real love of
home, a real care for comfort —
these are important things to
teach, too. 1 do hope some of
the girls will get the fad of
A RE you a good neighbor?
What is a good neighbor?
Hrrhaps you are a royal
good chum with the popular peo
ple of your town, and show them
all sorts of courtesies, and you
rejoice in their success, and you
defend them against envy and
malice.
That is a part of a good neigh
bor’s duty.
But how do you conduct your
self if they get in trouble?
Are you ready to stand by them
in poverty and sorrow as faith
fully as In prosperity and
popularity?
Be a Good Neighbor.
Will you be the last to censure,
even if compelled to believe, when
you hear they have made griev
ous mistakes? It is not a good
neighbor’s or a good Christian’s
place to deny facts or condone
crime.
If you know that your neighbor
has outraged the morals and
broken the commandments, you
are not to make yourself ridicu
lous by saying he is an innocent
or Injured individual.
But if you are a good neighbor
you will think of his family, and
you will not be afraid to show
your friendship; you will not be
afraid to say to the offender: “I
am sorry for you; begin over, and
start life anew.” And you will
be brave enough to help him to
do it.
Again, are you a good neighbor
only in time of trouble?
There are many such people to
be found in country places. They
are filled with enVy of another's
success. They show it by keeping
aloof and assuming a cold and in
different manner.
Sympathy in Misery.
They try to find some flaw to
pick in the popular or successful
neighbor;. they begrudge him all
his pleasures and his triumphs;
but let him fall sick or lose his
money and they will fly to his
rescue.
They will show him sympathy
in his misery where they begrudg
ed him congratulations in his
happiness.
This is admirable in a way, yet .
not an altogether commendable
quality.
If you are this type of a good
neighbor do not take pride in it.
it indicates that you are filled
with envy of another’s success,
and that you like to bestow fa
vors in time of trouble. The
really good neighbor is one who
felicitates a man when happiness
and prosperity come; he sym
pathizes sincerely when trouble
and sorrow are at his door, and
he encourages him to live down
error and start life anew when he
has made mistakes.
He makes his neighbor realize
that he is at his command when
needed, but he does not obtrude
himself either in his Joys or sor
rows.
It is a curious fact that hun
dreds of people flock to a man
when sickness and death enter
his home, and offer him every
kind of attention and give the
greatest proofs of unselfish re
gard for him, who have previous
ly, in his times of prosperity ar.d
pleasure, been thorns in his flesh.
Don’t Wait for Disaster.
It is, of course, more admira
ble to treat a man kindly who is
down than one who is up, if you
have not nobility enough to your.,
nature to treat him kindly at all f
times; but when you wait to
show your good neighborliness
until disease or death knocks at
his door you are in a. certain
measure placing yourself with
the birds of prey who follow a'
ter death and disease, and not
with tne song birds that sing him
awake in the sunlit mornings of
the summer.
A good neighbor is never jeal
ous; he never fawns; he never
flatters; he never envies anoth
er’s success; he congratulates
him sincerely.
The Vigil at Sagres
By REV. THOMAS B. GREGORY.
I T was 495 years ago—April 15.
1418—that Prince Henry of
Portugal, known as "Henry
the Navigator.” finished his Ob
servatory at Sagres.
Henry was "born to tiie purple.”
but It was not that fact that in
terested him. He thought a great
deal more of scientific truth than
he did of the red tape and tinsel
of royalty. Hence that Observa
tory at Sagres. w'herein. while the
rest of them were playing with
the purple at Lisbon, he would be
working to extend the frontiers of
science.
There he spent the greater part
of his life, "studying the stars,
map-making, posting himself in
the art of navigation. Thence he
sent forth his captains to plow
the aeas: and, as year after year
the weather-beaten ships returned
from their venturesome pilgrim
age. the first glimpse of home that
greeted them was the beacon-
light In the tower, where the
master sat poring over problems
of Archimedes or watching the
stars.”
Henry’s motto was. “Desire to
do well;” and In the light of the
sequel we are prepared to say
that the Prince did excellently
well. Three-quarters of a cen
tury before the discovery of
America Henry was busy at the
work which was to find its frui
tion in the voyages of Columbus
and the Cabots. When Henry
reared his Observatory at Sagres
navigation was practically right
where it had been from the rise
of human history, the mysterious
voyage of Lief Ericson alone ex
cepted.
Centuries before, it is true.
Europe had known of the Ma
deira.® and Canaries, and less than
a century before 9he shores had
been discovered; but by Henry s
time these had all been forgot-
\
1
ten, and the Great Deep, save for
a few' miles from shore, w T as a*
mysterious as though it had neve*
been sailed.
Henry rediscovered the forgrrt*
len islands of the Atlantic «anJ
colonized them. Having dons
that, he applied himself to tTfce
task of finding out what Africa
was.
In 1435 one of hts captain*
passed Cape Bojador. Ten year*
later another of Henry's captain*
rounded Cape Verde. In 1460 fbe
Cape Verde Islands were dtscov*
ered. By 1460 Sierra Leone *nd
Liberia were reached.
Such was the beginning of the
great work which. 23 year* after
Prince Henry's death, was de*^
tined to receive Its completion in
the voyage of Bartholomew' Dias,
who, in 1486. doubled the Cape of
Good Hope and sailed Into the
Indian Ocean.
Henry had not kept his vigil in
vain. After his eyes were closed
in death the honor for which he
had so bravely and patiently
watched came In full glory to hi*
countrymen. He tolled, and in
due time the world received the
reward of his labors.
The doubting Thomases of th*
time tried to discourage the
Prince, and the wdse one* poured
a perfect tempest of ridicule upon
him. calling him a dreamer and a
fool; but Henry stuck to his task,
leaving the wiseacres to enjoy
themselves as much as they liked
at his expense. It was a case
w’here backbone was needed, ahd
where, fortunately, backbone was
found. Had the discouragement
and ridicule produced on Henry
the effect that would certainlyj
have been produced on an ordi
nary man. there i9 no telling how
long the world might have had to
wait for the voyages of Columbu®,
Cabot and Da Gama.
j