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COLUMBUS SENTINEL AND HERALD.
VOL. VIII.]
PtTBEfSHED EVERY THURSDAY MORNISG BY
J. H. CAMPBELL & J. H. WILSON,
ON BROAD STREET, OVER ALLEN AND VOUNO’s,
M’INTOSH ROW,
TERMS—Subscription, three dollars per an
nutn, payable in advance, or four dollars, (in all
cases ex icied) where payment is not ma le before the
expiration of the year. No subscription received fir
less than twelve months, without payment madvance
arid no paper discontinued, except at the option of
the Editors, until all arrearages arc paid.
ADVERTISEMENTS conspicuously inserted at
ess dollar per one hundred words, or less, for
the Hrst insertion, and fifty cents for every subse
quent continuance. Those sent without a specifica
tion of tho number of insertions, will be published
until ord ired out, and charged accordingly.
2d. Yearly advertisements —For over 24, and
not exceeding 36 lines, fifty dollars per annum ‘; fjr
ovr 12, and not exceeding 24 lines, thirty-five dollars
per annum ; for less than 12 lines, twenty dollars
per annum.
sd. All rule and figure work double the above prices.
L-ec.al Advertisements published at the usual
rates, and with strict attention to the requisitions of
_ the law.
All Sales regulated by law, must he made before
the Court House door, between the hours of 10 in the
nVirnitig and 4 in the evening—those of Land in
the county where it is situate ; those of Personal
Property, where the letter* testamentary, of admin
istration or of guardianship were obtained—and are
required to be previously advertised in some public
Gazette, as follows:
Sheriffs’ Sales under regular executions for thir
ty days, under mortgage fi fas sixty days, before
the day of sale.
SI.A-les of Land and Negroes, by Executors, Ad
ministrators or Guardians, for sixty days before
tlhe day of sale.
Sales of Personal Property (except Negroes) forty
DAYS.
Citations by Clerks of the Courts of Ordinary, upon
application for letters of administration, must
be published for thirty days.
Citations upon application for dismission, by
Executors, Administrators or Guardians, monthly
for six months.
Orders of Courts of Ordinary, (accompanied with a
copy of the bond or agreement) to mike titles
to land, muit be published three months.
Notices by Executors, Administrators or Guardians,
of application to the Court of Ordinary for leave
TO sell the Land or Negroes of an Estate four
Months.
Notices by Executors or Administrators, to the Debt
ors and Creditors at an Estate, for six weeks.
Shf.htffs, Clerks of Court, &c., will be allowed
the usual deduction.
(ILetters on business, must be post paid,
to entitle them to attention.
The following persons have kindly consented to act
as Agents for the Sentinel and Herald :
Col. C. Parker, Collodensville Monroe county.
Pf.ter Gonc, Esq., Eden, Effingham county.
Rev. Reuben E. Brown, Perry P. (J. Houstonco.
Tiios. H Key, Esq., Drayton, Dooly county.
Col. Tuns. J. Holmes, Concord, Baker co.
Stepf.n D. Crane. Esq.. Dahlonoga,Lumpkin co.
Col. John Dill. Port Gaines, Ga.
John C. M \noham, Greenville, Ga.
E. J. Wood & Cos , St. Joseph, Flor.
Noursf., Brooks & Cos., Apalachicola.
J. S. Yarbrough, Lumpki i, Stewart county.
Jas. Buchanan, Cuthh rt, Randolph county.
J. W. Bach elder, La Fayette, Chambers co. Ala.
Ch arles Murphey, Decatur, DeKalb county.
AVAHE HOUSE
AYd commission business.
THE undersigned takes leave to inform his friends
and the puolic generally, that he will continue
the Ware-House cud Commission Business, to which
his atention will be exclusively confined ; and by strict
attention thereto he hopes to merit a continuance of
iiatronage which has been so liberally bestowed upon
him. lie will attend to the sale of Cotton from wa
ll >ns or in store, and from a general acquaintance with
the purchasers, and true situation of tho market, he be
lieves that he can, generally, more than save the com
mission in the sale of Cotton.
Liberal advances will he made on produce or mer
chandise in store. WM, P. YONGE.
Columbus. Sept. IS, 1833. 33y
ALABAMA LANDS FOR SALE.
N. half 9 14 30
S. half 4 14 30
N. half 8 14 30
N. half 7 14 30
K. half 7 14 30
. S. half 6 14 30
S. half 11 14 29
S. half 20 IS 28
S. half 34 19 28
N. half 36 19 29
S. half 36 19 29
Wthair ‘29 IS 26
N “liltlf : 6 .16 v 3(£
E. half* • ‘•■2l • 22 26
K.’ half • ••22 IS 2S
N. half 33 20 26
S. half 32 13 23
W. half 26 15 24
S. half 29 16 25
E. half 2 18 25
Any of the above lands will be sold on terms to suit j
purchasers, by application to John D. Pitts, Esq. Flo
rence, Ga. or the subscriber, at Macon.
July 26. 26tf J. COWLES.
PLANTATION AND LANDS FOR SaLE.
THE subscriber oilers for sale his Plantation on
the Uchee creek, near San t Fort, in Russell
county, Ala.,consisting of 1120 acres,the greater part
of which is first rate lime lands, 200 acres under a good
fence and in a fair state of cultivation. There is a
small never-failing stream of water running through it;
also a good spring near the centre of the improved
lands, and good dwellings and all necessary out build
ings. A * tin House and Screw are now being erect
ed on the premises. Persons wishing to purchase
would do well to call.
Also 3 or 4000 acres of first rate lands, on the Cow
s’iccreek, in Barbour, neur the line of Russell.
JNO. CROWELL, Jr.
August 27,1838. 30tt
VALUABLE PLANTATION FOB SALE,
THE subscriber offers for sale, on easy terras, the
following rich and valuable PLAN FA 1
in Stewart county, to wit : In the “24 b ot
Stewart, 6 miies east of Lumpkin, conta ning 1,700
acres, 1,000 of which are cleared and in fust rate or
der, and all the open land fresh.
The village to which this plantation is contiguous,
is pleasant and remarkably healthful, affording gond
society, and excellent water, and Female Schools,
&e. The surrounding country is also pleasant, and
settled by intelligent and worthy people. Corn, Fod
der, and Stock of every kind, may be had on the Plan
tation. Terms easy. Apply to the proprietor in Co
lumbus, or to John D. Pitt's, of Florence, Stewart
county, Ga. WILLY E. JONES.
Nov 8,1838. . 40if
VALUABLE PLANTATION FOR SALE,
CONTAINING Two Hundred Two and a Had’
Acres of Land,mixed with oak and pine. There
are eighty acres cleared. Also, a comfortable dwel
ling, with all necessary out offices, a good gin house
and’packinsr screw, a peach and apple orchard. The
entire under good fence. It is situated within 4 miles
of Columbus, joining the plantation formerly owned
by Thomas C. Evans, Esq. Persons wishing to pur
chase cannot find a more desirable location than the
one offered for sale by the subscribers.
JOHN CODE,
Dec. 6. 44tf JOHN Q.UIN.
- , CARRIAGE SHOP.
BT’iiaa & Pixis.isrt.
•'fhrtethorpe Street, Xorth of Calhoun's Hotel,
H.-viVE [list received anew assortment of good j
(7yAß.lt l AGES selected from some cf the'best j
manufactories at the North. They having taken par
ticular ijiains to have them made to suit this country,
and to ilnsure satisfaction to purchasers, they will war
rant th'em for one vear with fair usage. All kuid of
Carriages made to order. Carriage and Harness’ re
pairing; done in very neat style by good Northern work
men. Also, a good assortment of Carriage materials,
all of which they will sell low for cash or approved
paper.
Feb. 16. 7y
NEW SPRING GOODS.
THE subscriber has just received, a fresh
supply of FANCY AND STAPLE DRY
GOODS, of the latest fashi >ns and importations.
READY MADE CLOTHING. HATS, BON
NETS AND SHOES.
He would invite his customers and the public
generally tocall and examine his stock before pur
chasing elsewhere. as they no doubt will be suit
ed with the quality and price. He is determined
to sell low for cash.
Country merchants will be supplied atredueed
prices. NEILL McNAIIi*
May 21,-7-tf
LAW NOTICE.
THE subscriber has resumed the practice of the
LAW at Columbus, Ga. He will be prepared
to make advances on Notes placed in his hands for
collection, provided the parties an unquestionabiv sol
vent, art! the terms can be agreed upon. His office is
on Broad street, directly over the Planters’ and Me
chanics’ Bank. S. ARAISTRCNG BAILEY .
May 23d, 1838.
COLUMBUS WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
SAD£L£SRY WARE-HOUSE,
At the sign of the Golden Saddle, a few doors be
low D. Hungerford & Co’s, and nearly
opposite Ujquhart & Ware.
\V. WADE R CO.
HAVE now on hand a complete assortment of
articles appertaining to their line of basiness :
AMONG WHICH ARE
Spanish, Quilted, Overlaid and Shafted Saddles,
Plain, Boys’, Race, Attakapas, and Pianters’do.
Large and Extra Large do
Ladies’ Saddles, of every quality and size,
BRIDLES OF ALL KINDS.
Some good for fifty cents; Saddle Bags, Carpet Bags;
Valices; Stirrup Leathers; Sircingles and Girths.
HARNESS—Coach. Gig, and Dearborn, from the
cheapest to the best. TRUNKS, of every descrip
tion.
The above articles are of their own manufacture,
made under their own immediate inspection, of the
best materials, and by superior workmen. Also, on
hand,
ENGLISH SADDLES, BRIDLES AND MARTINGALES.
Coach. Gig, Tandem, Sportsmen, and Wa-.’gon
Whips; Stirrups, Bits, Spurs, Buckles, Haines, Col
lars, Out Tacks, Trunk Locks, Horse Brushes and
Curry Combs, Trace and Halter Chains.
ALSO—A good assortment of Coach and Gig Har
ness Trimmings; Plated, Brass and Japan’d do.
ALSCV-A good assortment ot Skirlin®, Harness,
and Bridle Leather ; black, blue, red, yellow, grcon. i
and cochineal Morocco Skins; Buffalo Robes and Bear
Skins.
N. B. Traders who may buy to sell again, will be
furnished on as good terms as can be bought either in
New York or Newark. Country merchants are re
spectfully invited to call and examine our goods and
prices, and satisfy themselves.
CT 13 REPAIRING done on the most reasonable
terms.
April 29. 1837 31 y
CABINET AND UPHOLSTERY WARE
HOUSE.
COT'TZSI.TTIAN Sc ATtfOEHSOStf
MOST respectfully inform the citizens of Colum
bus, and its vicinity that they have removed
from their former stand, to the store lately occupied by
McArn, in Broad-street, nearly opposite the Insurance
Bank.
They have now on hand an elegant assortment of
SURNITURE of their own manufacture.
—ALSO—
Paper Hangings of the latest patterns with suitp.ble
Bordering, Ornaments, and other materials for Cur
tains, &c.
Adverse to puffing, they would only solicit a call
which would enable Ladies and Gentlemen to judge for
themselves by examining the articles.
All orders will he executed with promptitude. Cur
tains put up in the most fashionable style. Rooms
neatly papered. In short, any thing in their line will
he punctually attended to.
Aug. 25. 36y
JOHN E. BACON & Cos.
AGENTS FOR THE SALE OF THE
INDIAN’S PANACEA,
31T1” AVE just received a fresh supply ol this valuable
fli Si. remedy for the cure of Rheumatism, Scrofula dr
King’s Evil, Gout, Sciatica or Hip Gout, Incipient
Cancers, Salt Rheum, Siphiiitic and Mercurial dis
eases,particularly Ulcers and painful affections of the
bones. Ulcerated Throat and Nostrils, Ulcers of
every description, Fever Sores, and Internal Abscess
es, Fistulas, Piles, Scald Head, Scurvy, Biles, Chro
nic Sore Eyes, Erysipelis Blotches, and every variety
of Cutaneous Affection, Chronic Catarrh, Headaci.e,
proceeding from vitiation; Affections of the Liver;
Chronic ioilammation ofthe Kidneys and General De
bility, caused by a torpid action of the vessels of the
skin. It..is singularly efficacious in renovating those
constitutions which have been broken down by injudi
cious treatment, or juveniie irregularities. In general
terms, it is recommended in all those diseases which
arise from impurities of the blood, or vitiation of the
humors, of whatever name or kind.
Some of the above complaints may require some
assistant applications, which the circumstances of the
case will dictate ; but for a general remedy or Purifi
calor to remove the cause, The Indian’s Panacea will
generally be found sufficient.
The following certificates, out of hundreds similar
which rn%bi Be procured, are given to show the effect
of the Indian’s Panacea, in the various comulaints
therein mentioned ; and also to exniDil in die most sa
tisfactory manner its superiority over the syrups in
common use.
Charleston, Nov. 15, 1831.
During the last winter and spring, I was afflicted
with a very severe and distressing Rheumatism, occa
sioned by exposure in bad weather. I now take great
pleasure in slating, that six bottles of Indian Pana
cea, restored me !o perfect health, and I confidently
recommend it to all similarly afflicted.
JOHN FERGUSON, King st.
Charleston, July 12,1831.
I was afflicted four years with an ulcer in the leg,
occasionally accompanied with erysipelatious inflarna
.tion and an excessive pain in the leg and ancle joint.
Several eminent Physicians exerted their skill upon it,
hut without permanent benefit. In this case, five bot
tles of the Indian Panacea made a perfect cure.
MARGARET A. WEST, Market st. 121.
July sth, rS37. 51-y
HAMPTON COURSE-SWEEP STAKES
AS it is, and has been, usual of late years, with
the proprietors of the different Race Tracks of
our country, to advertise their Stakes,and, in my opin
ion. they close at too early a period, to give the own
ers of colts a fair opportunity of testing their racing
qualities, I communicate, therefore, to the sporting
world, my present plan, rules and terms.
There Will be kept open stakes for two and three
year olds, to be run for every successi e year, and not
to be closed until one month previous to the race
Declaration fifieeu days before the coming off of the
race.
Stakes of one thousand dollars entrance, will be two
mite heats. Forfeit, $590 ; declaration, §IOO. Three
entries to form a stake.
Stakes of five hundred dollars entrance will he mile
heats. Forfeit, §250; declaration, $75. Three en
tries to constitute a slake.
Dashes of two or one mile, to suit the convenience
of parties, (hat is, the amount to be run for.
Persons wishing to make their entries, will please
direct their letters to the subscriber, acting proprietor
of the Hampton Course, or to Capt. Wm. G. Nimmo,
Secretary of the Hampton Jockey Club. Augusta, Ga.
Sept. 27, 1833. 35m6m F. W. LACY.
STAGE LINE
FROM COLUMBUS TO WEST POINT.
THE public are informed that a line of STAGES
has beeti put on the route from Columbus to
West Point via Whitesville, leaving Whiteside’s
j Tavern every Monday and Friday at 4 o’clock A. M.,
| and arriving at West Point the same day ‘at 5 o'clock
P. M. ; leaving West Point eve v Tuesday, Thursday
j and Saturday at 4 o’clock A. M., and arriving at Co
i lumbus at 5 o’clock P. M. the same dav.
WHITESIDE & DUNCAN.
May 28. 1838. 17tf
i N. B. A Hack will be in readiness at West Point
| to convey passengers to La Grange or Lafavette.
PACKETS FROM ST. JOSEPH TO
NEW YORK.
THE following substantial and fast sailing
vessels will run as regular Packets between
St. Joseph and New York, and will take freight
and passengers low.
Brig II \RTI EY, Ryder, master.
“ CUMBERLAND, Darling, master.
“ SADI, V incent, “
Also, the new and splendid ship SPRING.
For Freight or Passage apply to
E. J. WOOD & CO. Agents,
St. Joseph. Flor.
Nov. 1, 1837 24 v
GROCERIES.
1 BBLS old Rectified Whiskey
J. <tP ‘JF 30 bbis. Monongahela do
20 bbis. N. E. Rum
25 do Gin
‘2O do Peach Brandy
50 do
30 bags Coffee
25 boxes Tobacco
100 pieces Dundee Bagging, for sale bv
ALLEN & Y'OUNG,
Sent. 12. IS3B. 32tf No. I Ylelntosh row.
YOMGE &. ELLIS
CONTINUE to receive ami offer for sale all kinds
ofStaple and fancy Dry Goods, Boots, Shoes,
Hats,Saddlery, Hardware, &c. together with a good
supply of Groceries,ail of which will be sold on the most
favorable terms .
Feb. Ist. IS3S. 52y
dTgOLSTEINE is CO.,
COMMISSION AND FORWARDING MERCHANTS,
APALACHICOLA, FLORIDA,
Will advance on Cotton shipped to Havre, Liverpool
and New York.
1). Golsteixe,
H. D. Darden. Apalachicola, Oct. 25. SStf
7 BBLS. picketed SHF.F.P HEAD.
20 boxes fine Scotch Herring,
4 bbis. Cranberries,
20,000 best Spanish Cigars,
Just received and for sale bv
Feb. 1,1833. 52tf Y'ONGE & ELLIS.
A 4 BBLS Newark Cider,
jmi 10 boxes fresh Lemons,
just received, and for sale bv
March 15. 6tf YONGE & ELLIS.
‘ WE HOLD THESE TRUTHS TO BE SELF-EVIDENT, THAT ALL MEN ARE BORN EQUAL.’
COLUMBUS, GEORGIA, THURSDAY MORNING, JANUARY 17, 1839.
NEW AUCTION AND COMMISSION
HOUSE.
THE undersigned will open a house in the above
business, on Broad street, at the old stand of
J. T. NILES & Cos., on the 22d OCTOBER. All
business entrusted to their care will meet with prompt
attention. They will attend to the buying of Cotton ;
also to the receiving and forwarding Goods
BENJAMIN B. MORRELL,
WALTER S. C. YONGE.
REFERENCES.
George Whitman, N. Orleans.
Stewart & Cobb, do
James M. Yarlton, Mobile.
Stanton & Pollard, do
Cummings & Spiker, Montgomery.
McKenzie & Adams, do
S. M. Robinson, do
Benj. Wilson, do
J. W. S. Read, do
J. S. Calhoun, Columbus.
Wm. P. Yonge, do
J. T. Niles, do
E. & F. Bradley, do
Columbus, Oct. 17, 1838. 37if
COLUMBUS COTTON FACTORY.
THE owners of the Columbus Factory respect
fully inform the public that it is now in operation.
They have on hand a general assortment of YARNS,
which may be had at all times at the most reduced
prices.
Their Wool Carding Machine is also in operation,
and any thing in that line will be done at the shortest
notice.
f. J l3 A number of boys and girls wanted to work
at the Factory, for which the most liberal priees will be
given by the week or month. Apply to
STEWART & FONTAINE, or
S. K. HODGES & CO.
Columbus, Feb. 8 6tf
HOUSE AND SIGN PAINTING.
THE subscriber respectfully informs the public
generally, that lie is ready to execute all orders
in the above line of business, in the neatest manner
and on the most reasonable terms. He has also for
sale, a splendid assortment of window sashes, of vari
ous sizes, made of the best materials, which are far.su
perior to any offered for sale in a Southern market.
His shop is one door below Kivlin’s Sans Souci.
June 28 21 y STATES LEWIS.
DUS. HOLT AND PERSONS
ARE united in the practice of Medicine Their
Offices are on Broad street, just below the City
Hall, and on Randolph street, in the upper tenement
of Calhoun's Granite Building.
Besides the usual branches ofthe practice of Medi
cine, Drs. H. and P. tender their services as Surgeons
of some experience in the higher operations—such as
operations for all diseases of the eyes, for Hernia, Li
thotomy, &c, &c v
Maroh 23. 12v
READY MADE CLOTHING,
CHEAP FOR CASH,
Next door to the Bank of Columbus.
JS. SMITH lias commenced receiving his
• Stock of Ready Made Clothing, consisting of
Over Coats, Cloth Cloaks, Boston Wrappers. Blanket
Coats. Frock and Dress Coats, of every description.
Blue. Black. Cadet mixed Cloth Pants, Cassimere do.
Kentucky Jeans Frock and Dress Coats, do. Pants ;
Black and figured Silk Velvet Vests; Woolen Vel
vets; Plain and figured Satins; Cloth & Cassimere, to
gether with some low priced ; a beautiful style of Silk
and Cotton Umbrellas; Fine Boots, Shoes and Pumps;
Silk, Woollen and Colton Shirts and Drawers; Cot
ton Shirts with Uinen Bosoms and Collars; Colored
do.; Linen Ruffled Silk, Cotton, and Merino
hail Hose; Gloves; Suspenders; Linen Collars and
Bosoms; Stoc sos every variety; Cloth and Hair
Brushes; Cologne; Fur and Seal Caps; Hats;
Travelling Trunks and Bags, &c.
The above articles have just been received, and will
be sold as low as they can be had for cash in this mar
ket.
Columbus, Nov. 29. 43tf
RACES.
THE annual Races over the Bertrand Course,
Montgomery, Alabama, will commence on the
22d of January. 1839. The following Purses will be
run for:
First day—l mile heats—purse - - S3OO
Second day—2 mile heats—purse - - 500
Third day—3 mile heats—purse - - 700
Fourth day—4 Four mile heats—purse - 1000
The purse of each day’s running will be hung up at
the stand on the day of running.
TAYLOR & BROWN, Proprietors.
Nov. 22, 1838. 42td
680 ACRES OF LAND FOR SALE.
THE subscriber having determined to settle in
Macon, Ga. will sell his lands in Russell county,
Alabama, (containing six hundred and eighty acres,
but will sell one half of the land to suit purchasers,)
ten miles from Columbus, between the big and little
Uchee creeks. On the land is a comfortable dwelling
house and out houses, and good stables, &c. with up
wards of one hundred acres in cultivation, with good
water and several springs. Also is- situated in a,
neighborhood of good society, and within one mile of a
good school and church. Possession will be given at I
anytime after the first, of October.. The purchaser
will have the privilege ot ourchasing all my stock of
cattle and hogs, also corn am! fodder, and many things
of convenience, all of which 1 will sell at a reasonable
price. Indulgence will be given to suit the purchasers.
STERLING LANIER.
Reference: Dr. Pleasant Phillips, Russell co.
Russel co., Sep. 6, 1838. 31tf
IMPORTANT NOTICE.
FOR THE AFFLICTED THERE IS A
BALM IN GILEAD.
TIIE citizens of Zebulon, in Pike county, are
hereby notified, that Mr. H. G. JOHNSON, of
that, place, is the authorised agent for selling BRAN
DRETH’S VEGETABLE UNIVERSAL
PILLS, and has his CERTIFICATE of Agency
and a fresh supply of the Pills from the General Agency
in Columbus.
And they are further cautioned against purchasing
Pills, for BRANDRETH’S PILLS, of Mr. John
Neal, of that place, as he is offering for sale the basest
counterfeits. Purchase only of the known and autho
lised Agents, and you are on the sure side.
AND YET ANOTHER.
The citizens of Monlicelio, in Jasper county, are
hereby notified, that Messrs. KELLUM & MAX
EY T of that place, are the authorised Agents for the
sale ofthe BRANDRETH VEGETABLE UNI
VERSAL P LL’S. and have their CERTIFI
CATE of Agency, and a fresh supply of the GENU
INE PILLS from the General Agency in Columbus.
And lest any among them, who wish to purchase the
genuine medicine, should be deceived by the counter
feit at the peril of their health, and perhaps their lives,
I would give them timely caution not to purchase Pills
of Messrs. Hurd & Hangerford. who it seems are of
fering spurious Pills on Dr. Brandreth’s credit.—
Touch not the unclean thing.
JOHN B. PEABODY r , General Agent
for Georgia, Alabama and Florida.
Columbus, May 14. 15tf
NOTICE.
THE CONFECTIONARY business heretofore
carried on by Code & Quin, will hereafter be
continued at the old stand on Broad street, by
Columbus. Aug. 22. 29tf JOHN QUIN.
LAW.
THE subscribers having connected themselves in
the practice of LAW, will attend all the
County Courts of the Chattahoochee Circuit, and the
adjoining counties of Alabama. Office in Mclntosh
Row. immediately over Allen & Young’s Store.
ALFRED IVERSON,
June 14. 19tf J- M. GUERRY .
LAW.
THE undersigned, having associated themselves
together for the practice of LAW, at Lumpkin,
Stewart county, will promptly attend to all business
with which they may be entrusted.
A. M. HUGHES.
U. S. MITCHELL.
Lumpkin. Oct. 10. 183S. 37m6m
STRAYED OR STOLEN,
ABOUT the 10th May last, a large bay HORSE,
long tail, rather sway back, racks easy but short,
a few marks of the saddle and harness. Information
or delivery of the horse thankfully received and libe
rally rewarded. YONGE & ELLIS.
Juue 7. 18if
JUST RECEIVED
me /"v BARRELS first quality RUM, and for sale
low bv MAI. R. JONES.
Columbus, Nov. 15, 1838. 41 ts
WANT :d,
AHEALTHY” WET NURSE, for which a
liberal pfice will be given.
July 10. 2Stf S. M. JACKSON.
PETIT GULP COTTON SEED,
AT reduced prices, warranted genuine, and for
sale by YONGE & ELLIS.
March 15. 6tf
a /x TONS IRON, assorted,
2Z A? 200 casks Nails, just r ceived and for sale by
W.M. & JAS. BLAIR, Broad street.
Columbus, May 9. 14tf
RECTIFED YY'HISKEY’, just re
Ov ceived and for sale bv
Aug. 22. 29tf S, M. JACKSON.
From the Democratic Review, of November.
THE CREDIT SYSTEM.*
Among (he phrases which within a year or
two past have l>een resounded through the
community by partisan zeal, lor the purpose
ot disturbing the reflection and judgment of
our fellow citizens, none perhaps lias been the
subject of so much senseless declamation as
that at the head of the piesent article. If
reliance is to be placed upon the evidence
furnished by newspaper paragraphs, dinner
orations, at.d Congress speeches, ‘ the Credit
System,’ is the veritable horn of plenty from
which all the bounties bestowed upon our fa -
vored land have been poured Ibrth. The ex
tent and fertility of our territory—the variety
and value of its staple produclions—the in
domitable energy of our citizens and the
habits of industry and thrift so widely diffus
ed among them—the security furnished by
our system of self-government against impro
per restraints upon individual enterprise—and
the protection for the acquisitions of diligence
and economy, guaranteed by the Constitution
of the United St ates in its uolden ppfwinion
that nothing but a sound ami equal currency
shall ever be made a legal tender for the
payment of debts-—these are all nothing com
pared with the Credit System in promoting
the prosperity of the country.
The phrase in question denotes something
wholly distinct from that mutual confidence
and good faith among men, which are the
most essential elements of the prosperity and
happiness of all communities. These funda
mentals of well ordered society require to be
preserved equally from violent outrage and
fraudulent cupidity. The principal object fir
surrendering a portion of our natural libertv,
and submitting lo the restraints of any firm
of Government, is to a fiord this proteciion
by placing every individual, however differ
ent with regard to sirength, cunnirg, talent,
and wealth, equally under the-broad oegi3 of
the law.
But is the artificial policy, dignified with
the name of the ‘Credit System’as organ
ized in England, and for w’iiich such omnip
otent control over tl'ie right and privileges-of
every class of citizens has beer claimed in
this country, intended to promote this securi
ty ? Not at all. On tlie other its direct
tendency is to subvert that equality of rights
which is ts e foundation of our forms “of Go
vernment—lo sacrifice the physical comfort
and the moral vveifareof the many, upon the
altar of Mammon for the advantage of the
few—to bestow inordinate power upon the
mere shadow of wealth at the expense of
permanent general prosperity—to invest com
binations of irresponsible individuals with the
monopoly of an artificial measure f value,
by which arbitrary control over the subsis
tence of all other classes is conferred upon
them, and they are enabled to modify, per
vert, and break down, with impunity, all laws
which interfere with their cupidily. By means
of secret and concerted arrangements, these
soulless combinations are able to practice acts
of injustice, vitally affecting the most impor
tant interests of those who are unable to re
sist their power, which no individual could
venture to perpetrate without becoming ob
noxious to the penal laws. Hence the mani
fold advantages of capital loaned upon credit
for the encouragement of industry and enter
prise, are diminished by the increase of risk.
fliePrel\ecisTipen^.fie'bo I mtmtni?y—tVie’loan ol
mere credit and the loan of actual capital—
the modern ‘ Credit System,’ has deeply im
paired integrity and good faith, and nearly
destroyed mercantile stability.
The publication which has more immedi
ately drawn our attention to this subject at
the present time, is obviously a piece justifi
catif to the famous letter of Mr. Nicholas
Biddle, addressed through the public news
papers to Ex-President Adams, on th<s fifth
of April last. That notable document spoke
for itself in- .terms, so explicit as to require
neither comment nor explanation. All the
discreet supporters of the Bank of the United
States in every section of the Union were
struck with dismay at its promulgation —
while the people at large, rejoiced that the
Coryphaeus of the ‘ Credit System’ in this
country, had east aside the tricks, pretences,
and newspaper puffery, under which its man
agement had been previously veiled, and pre
sented its do!icy boldly before the world as
an antagonist power to the principles of Go
vernment, established by the Constitution of
the United States. Every feeling of indig
nation which the insolence of the language
was calculated to excite, was smothered by
the ludicrous spectacle preserved by an as
piring; clerk employed by a few capitalists
abroad, and speculators at home, strutting
forth from behind his desk with his pen be
hind his ear, and dictating to the Legislature
of the Siate of New York, and to the people
of the Union at large, in such a pompous
style of military grandiloquence. No great
period of time had elapsed, before it was dis
covered that this flourish of belligerent phras
es, concluding with the delicate parallel
between the position of Mr. Biddle himself—
posted in his broker’soffice,contrivingschemes
politically subversive of the best interests of
the community, in order to bring profit to his
employers, and odium on the Government—
and that of the patriot Jackson before New
Orleans fighting the embatlled enemies of his
country —was a sad blunder. His doctrines
on the currency were found also, on exami
nation by some of his friends, to be so much
at variance with all honesty and fair dealing,
as to threaten more injury to the ‘ Credit
System’ than the most powerful attack upon
it from whatever quarter. Under these cir
cumstances thq,publication in question was
made bv Mr. Carey for the evident purpose
ot’ justifying and expounding the leading
views of this unfortunate letter. By whom
its principal materials were furnished,or under
whose direction they were strung together,
cannot concern the public in the slightest de
gree. In offering to the consideration of our
readers some general views upon the ‘ Credit
Sv stem’ we do not propose to follow the de
tails of Mr. Carey’s book. The character
of his facts, a great portion of which appear
to have been made to order, will be seen by
the samples we shall furnish in the sequel.
‘l'iie credit system of England, of which
our own is an humble attempt at imitation, is
regarded by many as the most beneficial in
vention of modern times. The unalloyed
advantages derived from its operation in the
extent of her commerce and manufactures,
the vast wealth of many of her great propri
etors and capitaliis, are continually held forth
to our admiration. Many active and influ
ential individuals, from view’s that are not
difficult of comprehension, are constantly
insisting before the American people, that
the highest welfare of the community at large
will be promoted, by extending this system
greatlv beyond the* principles which have
been adopted bv England. This sentiment
appears to be tile staoie of the pubfeation in
question, as well as of the document to which
it is evidently a subsidiary.
Like most imitators, these advocates ofthe
English system seem to be more deeply enam
oured with faults and defects, become incura-
*The r.redit system of France. Great Britain, and
the United States. Bv H. C. Carev, author of ihe
Principles of Political Economy. Philadelphia, 1838.
ble hv the course of events, than with any ol
its real advantages. Because England, dur
ing the long and bloody wars of the French
revolution, legalized the suspension of specie
payments, this country according to these
high authorities, ought to have pursued the
same, course in a period of profound peace
and universal commercial intercourse, for the
purpose of enabling a fevv*gamblers on a large
scale, to realize their unrighteous profits—
and alter the suspension had been effected, to
continue it longer than otherwise would have
been done, by their profligate management.
Contracts which have been entered into under
the faith and confidence that they would be
fairly liquidated, were discharged by a depre
ciated medium, worth in the market from
one-tenth to one-fourth part of the currency
in view of which they had been made, hv
which all calculation, foresight, and economy
on the part of the community at large, were
frustrated through the overpowering influence
ol the banks. The plentifulness of paper
currency, and the facility of obtaining accom
modations trau it-a to vast numbers of im
provident engagements. Asuddencontraciion
ol issues rendered it impossible to fulfil them.
The misfortunes and consequent distress of
thousands upon thousands of meritorious in
dividuals, whose property and means of live
lihood, had been suddenly swept away by
these flagitious expansions and contractions
ol the currency, issued and controlled by
the banks, were flippantly ascribed to the
hostility of the Government! The results of
the experiment of the English government
upon ttie prosperity of her people, were of
course, kept out of view. What they were,
one of her most enlightened and distinguished
statesmen, has informed us. In 1828, Mr.
Huskisson stated in the House of Commons
in the debate on the national debt bill, that
‘ the hank restriction of 1797, which had
continued for a quarter of a century, had
produced more calamitous consequences—
more confusion—more moral and political
evils, than any other measure Parliament had
ever sanctioned.’ In this opinion, the Chan
cellor of the Exchequer, of that time, Mr.
Goulborn, who entertained different views
from those of Mr. Huskisson on most ques
tions of general policy, immediately express
ed his entire concurrence. That they were
both abundantly justified by the state of things
actually produced by this favorite feature of
the 1 Credit System,’ will be shown in the
proper place.
As to the wealth and prosperity which this
system is represented to have poured forth
upon the English nation—the i'act, (hat its
operation has concentrated the whole proper
ty in the kingdom into a few hands, while the
mass of the population have been gradually
reduced to a condition of poverty and depen
dence, is wholly overlooked. But as a mat
ter ol example to the free, prosperous, and
independent citizens of the United States,
this is by far the most important consequence
of the ‘ Credit.System.’ That such has been
the effect of its operation, we have only to
refer our readers to a work of the highest
authority— Marshall’s Statistics of the
British Empire? Among the exhibits con
tained in tbe seventh volume, may be found
a statement, which elucidates this point more
conclusively than could be done by any
quantity of argumentative deduction. By a
turns, it is shown that all the inhaoifaiUs of
the three kingdoms amounting to twenty-four
million three hundred and six thousand seven
hundred and nineteen, are devoted to a con
dition of laborious and unremitting exertion
for their subsistence, excepting two hundred
and seventy-five thousand two hundred and
four individuals belonging to the higher clas
ses—consisting of nobility, capitalists, bank
ers &c. Os these exclusive favorites of the
‘ Credit System,’ one hundred and seventy
nine thousands, nine hundred and eighty
three, reside in England proper, five thous
and two hundred and four, in Wales; twenty
nine thousand two hundred and three, in
Scotland; and sixty-one thousand five hun
dred and fourteen, in Ireland. Taking the
whole together, the result of the artificial
state of things brought about by this system
is, that nearly one hundred individuals have
been brought down to a state of permanent
servitude—we will not use the offensive term
slavery—in order to maintain each of these
nr.D'.'oductive consumers in affluence and
splendor! The details for each county in
the three kingdoms, are furnished in the vol
ume in question, showing the number of per
sons employed in agriculture, in each o! the
handicraft trades, in manufactures &c. How
well justified was John Taylor, of Caroline—
one of the most sagacious of the great men
ol’ Virginia, during her brightest era of in
tellectual power, in declaring that the opera
tion of the banking system must inevitab'y
produce a more universal and degrading con
dition of dependence, than the feudal system
was ever able to effect! In bis masterly per
formance, the ‘ Inquiry into the principles
and policy of the Government of the United
States,’ Mr. Taylor distinctly portrays the
conflict, between the principles of the Credit
System, and those upon which ti e vital in
terests of the people of any free country are
based. In precise accordance with his ex
planations of these consequences, the popu
lation of Great Britain and Ireland, are now
reduced to a condition far more deplorable
than the serfs of Poland and Russia, since
the general diffusion of knowledge only serves
to render the former sensible of their entan
glement in the political spider’s web wound
about them by the Credit System, and to
convince them.that nothing short, of revolu
tion can extricate them, by breaking at once
these artificial restraints upon their means of
comfort. Mr. Marshall has condensed the
results of the Credit System of England, into
a single sentence at the close of the introduc
tory remarks, prefixed to the sixth volume ol
his Work, published at the commencement of
the present year. He observes that —* the
progressively increasing privation and degra
dation of a great portion of the population
amid a progressive accumulation of capital;
ascendency of money influence and conse
quent display of luxury ; an unparalleled ex
tension of mechanical power, and increased
facilitv of intercourse; successive alternations
of seeming prosperity and extreme depres
sion; progressively increasing pauperism, and
its concomitant crime; and threatened change
of long established institutions —are all cir
cumstances which call imperiously for the
most profound consideration and regard of
all the friends of social order and-antegrity of
interests.’
lii full view of such a picture, drawn by a
person of great ability and high character,
who has devoted many years of his life io the
collection and arrangement of the -facts to
which it refers; we find in our principal ci
ties, a voluble, hustling class of individuals,
who constantly employ their powers of per
suasion to convince the citizens of this free
country, that the principles of currency and
finance which have led to these results in the
land of our origin, is of all others, best suited
to ourselves. Their arguments generally
remind us of La Fontaine’s fable of the Man
and the wild Horse. The convenience and
advantages of -riding, on the part of the for
mer are sufficiently obvious; but these of be-
ing ridden, are, to reflecting minds, not quite
so satisfactory, however plausibly and in.re
niously set forth.
So much pains have been taken to satisfy
the people of the Uniied States, that the p.i
iicy ot England on the subject of currency,
is based upon just and true principles, that
it seems necessary to remind our readers of
the source arid progress ofthe modern ‘Credit
System.’ Sensible and judicious individuals
are often led to adopt extravagant opinions
from the want of sufficient materials for form
ing general and consequential views. The
various circumstances which have gradually
brought about the corruption of the verv life
blood, which nourishes the body of the'eom
munity, under wfich England now labors,
(and to produce t similar result, unwearied
efforts have been made in our own country,)
is not only deeplvtinteresting to every reflect
ing mind, but a bjief narrative showing the
principal stages by which this system has
reached its present magnificence, will serve
topYnlnin a.* ‘VMsdjtiuii Os English society
developed by AS.-, nT~ uituinclV
than any other course.
All who are conversant with the History
of England, are aware of the leading circum
stances attending the most important occur
rence which has befalled Iliat monarchy in
modern times—the Revolution of 16SS. That
great event established for the first time in
England, the principle, that all government is
a trust fur the benefit of the governed, who
are not to be regarded, even in a hereditary
monarchy, as the absolute property of the
King. However this might conflict with the
maxims of the fundamental laws, Somers,
and the leading Whig statesmen of that day,
overturned without ceremony, the doctrines
that (lie King could do no wrong, and that
the Royal authority descended by right of
hereditary succession, by declaring James 11.
to have forfeited the crown, and bestowing
ihe Supreme Executive Authority upon Wil
liam 111., a foreigner, who had married the
eldest daughter of the dethroned Kiner.
This transcendent invasion of the royal
prerogative was imperiously demanded by
the grossest measures of misgovernment, as
well as the most clearly established designs,
concerted by the King, with that personifica
tion of arbitrary power Louis XlV.,againstthe
permanent welfare of the people of England.
So strong was the feeling throughout the
nation against the measures of the King,
that all ranks and parties acquiesced in his
expulsion from the throne, though the con
sequences of this step became subsequently
the occasion of violent party dissentions.
James sought refuge with his patron in
France. The change of succession was the
cause of protracted and most expensive wars
with that power, based upon the identical
pretexts with those between the two coun
tries a century afterwards ; the difference
being, that in the last instance,it was France,
instead of England, which bad dethroned her
monarch.
This contest not only laid the foundation
of the present Credit System of England,
but was the immediate occasion of the exist
ing condition of that of France, which is re
garded with so much antipathy by Mr. Ca
rey. The bulk of the English nation had
acquiesced in the change of succession under
the Act of Settlement. But the enormous
fcY ruSnif&'u'nne’new offimii ViWgsVWdW.eu
a very large proportion of the landholders,
upon whom, at that period, the weight of
taxation mainly fell, to consider the question
in a different point of view from that in
which it had been originally presented. For
the purpose of avoiding the embarrassments
which thickened noon the English ministry
from this ominous quarter, they adopted va-‘
rious expedients for temporary relief. The
principal mode of alleviating the clamors of
the landholders who controlled both Houses
of Parliament, against the increase of taxa
tion, was the borrowing a great portion of
the increased expenses, to carry on the war,
upon annuities which Were to"he dis
charged by the current, revenue.. Even tfje
despotic government of Louis XIV., inde
pendent as it was of any recourse to popular
assemblies, was obliged to incur vast antici
pations of its revenues, from the impossibility
of providing by taxation for the current ex
penditures of the war.
During Ihe pecuniary difficulties in which
the two governments of England and France
were involved in different periods of the war,
two Scotchmen presented themselves, cacti
offering to tl est respective nations, a sove
reign panacea for the relief of their most dis
tressing malady—the want of money. There
can be no doubt but William Patterson was
the original projector of that ingenious sys
tem. which oflate has been the theme of eu
logy from so many eloquent individuals, as
the greatest of human discoveries. The
Scotch Darien Company, organised for the
purpose of controlling the commerce of the
Atlantic and Pacific oceans by a communi
cation across the Isthmus, and which was the
foundation of the famous South Sea scheme,
and the Bank of England—both based upon
the same general principles, and both de
vised by Patterson, show that the world was
indebted for the invention of the ‘ Credit
System’ to him and not to John Law, who
was twenty years hisjunor. This invention
has immortalised the two distinguished finan
ciers who carried into operation, in the re
spective kingdoms of Great Britain and
France, the great modern improvement bv
which states and individuals are rendered
more wealthy and prosperous wholly from
the single fact of being plunged into debt and
embarrassment. Like most appliances for
the universal relief of corporal maladies, this
great remedy is inoperative unless where un
limited confidence is placed in its potency. —
Whenever faith is implicit and universal, the
powers of relief possessed by this system are
marvellous indeed.
Notwilhstanding the perplexities in which
the English Ministry of the time were in
volved, from the vast expenses of the war,
they listened with great jealousy and caution I
to the flattering pictures of ease and affluence |
drawn by the glowing fancy of Patterson.!
Both Somers and Godolphin, who were the
soul of the measures for sustaining the Pro
testant succession, were so deficient in con
fidence, that not until one million two hun
dred thousand pounds sterling, in cash, was
actually paid into the Koval Treasury by him
and his associates, would “they consent that
the Bank of England should become a cor
poration. This loan formed its original ca
pital, which in the days of Walpole was in
creased to neatly ten millions, under circum
stances we shall have occasion to explain.
The privileges conferred in the first instance
on the hank, were exceedingly narrow, com
pared with those with which it was after
wards invested. Until the time of Walpole.
the limitations upon its powers were en
forced with such strictness, though it furnish
er! from time to time considerable facilities in
efiecting the anticipations which had already
become an important part of the financial
policy of England, that no immediate and
palpable inconvenience then resulted from its
operations to the public at large. If there
fore gradually acquired the confidence of the
mercantile community, and was thus by de-
grees prepared to discharge the political
functions which were afterwards devolved
upon it.
But the similar projectsTif John Law fell
upon more congenial soil. They were soon
adopted by the French government, upon a
scale of magnificence greatly exceeding the
schemes for making money plentiful, which,
alter his pattern, have been devised in our
own time and country. The Royal Bank of
l’ ranee was established—the capital stock of
which, like that of the Bank of England, and
the first and second Banks of the United
States, all resting upon the same general
principles, was principally composed of the
public debt. Paper currency was soon is
sued in such abundance as to produce the
highest state of prosperity throughout France.
Money became such a drug, that the ordi
nary rate ol interest was reduced to uvo per
cent. ]>er annum. More than twelve hun
dred new coaches were at once set up in
Paris by individuals who had realised for
tunes by tlie operations of the n>) *’■***“•
*l*o V lICTTI x~c IVl'v) Uo Royal
eiv.->ts were issued, ordering all receivers of
the revenue to accept only its paper for the
public taxes, and all individuals were ex
pressly prohibited from making any payments
of sums above a hundred livres (less than
twenty dollars) in any currency excepting
bills of the bank. Another measure was
adopted for the purpose of preventing de
mands upon the bank for coin, and for ex
pelling specie from the kingdom, which surely
ought to have reconciled Mr. Carey to the
wisdom of French management, as it coin
cides precisely with his views of the injurious
effects of a specie currency. An edict was
issued, prohibiting any other corporation or
individual, under the penalty of ten thousand
livres, from having gold or silver coin in pos
session to a greater amount than five hun
ered livres, (less than one hundred dollars.)
When these measures had been adopted,
the scenes witnessed in the Rue Ruinquem
poix where the Royal Bank was located,
rivalled in extravagance any which, within
the two or three years past, have been ex
hibited in Wall or Cbesnut street. A divi
dend of forty per cent, was soon afterwards
declared by the Iloval Bank, which still held
reserved profits to an amount exceeding one
hundred and Iwenty millions of livres. Its
shares now rose to more than twenty times
their original cost. For an adequate idea of
the avidity which pervaded all classes of so
ciety from the very highest to the lowest, for
embarking in the Royal Bank, we must refer
our readers to contemporary descriptions,
which may be found in abundance in the me
moirs of several distinguished individuals
who flourished at that day. They likewise
depict, in terms of execration sufficiently
strong against its inventor, the universal ruin
which overspread the kingdom when this
scheme exploded. The operations of this
hank, managed upon the identical principles
taught by the Philadelphia school—some
what tinged, perhaps, with the infatuation of
which we have seen quite sufficient examples
among ourselves under similar temptations,
and which alwas accompanies such specula
tions among sanguine people—are not only
the main source of the want of credit and
confidence in all paper currency which pre
vails, up to the present day, among the peo
rev censures 7""* °* France, which Mr. Ca
general overthrow of all confidence and good
faith, by means of the credit system, was un
doubtedly the most powerful of any single
cause in producing the French Revolution.
The frauds and impositions which men had
been enabled to practice upon each other,
. were aggraved by the general belief of the
wanton oppression of the government, re
sulting from the practical identity of the Royal
Treasury with the Koval Bank. The dis
tress’a rising from calamities of any kind came
therefore to he habitually attributed to the
royal fiscal measures. Under the pressure
of immediate want, the people of France did
not stop to reflect how far circumstances, be
yond the control of the King and his minis
ters, might have produced the high price of
bread which occasioned the tumults that
brought on the outrages which overthrew
the government. The people knew that
prices had been extravagantly inflated by
the connexion between the government and
the Royal Bank—they accordingly attributed
the famine, which rendered them desperate,
to the measures of'the government. Popular
jealousy had become so easily excited hv the
oppressive consequences of this unfortunate
connexion, that even the talents and integrity
of such men as Turgot and Neckar wore
wholly inadequate to satisfy the people as to
the correct management of the public 1U
nances.
We should probably have felt some sur
prise at the credulity and extravagance of
any people, becoming frantic with rage
against their rulers under such circumstances,
if the censure to which onr own government
has h-en fom time to time subject, from in
dividuals of high character, had not suffl-’
ciently satisfied us, that the connexion of the
public finances of any country with the
‘ Credit System,’ upon I.he Law and Patter
son model, as was originally introduced
among us by Robert Morris, must create
violent expressions of popular feeling under
the fluctuations it inevitably produces. The
profils derived from the burdens imposed on
the people are exclusively enjoyed bv the
bank or banks —but the censure which justly
belongs to their mismanagement, is a* a mat
ter of course wholly thrown upon the go
vernment. Accordingly the publication of
Mr. Carey ascribes all the embarrassments
with which our citizens in every walk of life
have been visited within the last Ihree or
four years, from the expansions and con
tractions of the hanks, to the measures of the
Exectrtive of the Union, Excepting in a
single instance, tie does not undertake to ex
plain the operation of these destructive mea
sures—and his single specification can hardly
be regarded as a fortunate one for his pur
pose —since he has p'trhcd upon the importa
tion of the foreign indemnities in gold. Now
if” our memory serves, this importation was
expressly desired by the claimants to whom
the money belonged, in consequence of that
mode of remittance affording them a grealer
degree of profit than any other, as may bn
seen by the correspondence published among
the Democracts of the Senate at the last ses”
sion. To charge this measure upon the
Executive as an act of hostility to the mer
cantile interest—nay as the principal and
specific act of that kind which could be mus
tered into ihe service on this great occasion
—appears to be making an appeal to public
credulity quite in character with the design
of the publication. When the banks, last
year, at once refused to discharge their obli
gations, both lo the government, for the vast
amounts of public money held by them, and
to the community at large, this defiance of
the laws, subversive of the highest interests
of society, is justified by a pretended neces
j si tv arising from the policy of the government!
After the implicit, faith given to such pre
texts bv individuals, who on most other sub
jects do not seem to he destitute of judgment
and intelligence, we can realize ihe stupend
ous influence which the most absurd tales
[NO. CO.