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THE DJDIOCRA
COLUMBUS, S.ITURD.IY, fCOV. £7,1<!0
STATE RIGHTS. •
We believe the modern ,l State Rights doctrine,"
otherwise called the South Carolina Doctrine,
w us first broached in this state some time in le2l,
in one of the Milledgeville papers, (Recorder per
haps,) in a series of Essays entitled “ The prospect
before us, as seen through the signs oft) ; Times,
ly the Taro " At that time these doctrines were
pretty much confined to Georgia. In tl.cse days
South Carolina yieldod her decided support to the
General Government; and she had a reason for
doing so; for Mr. Calhoun was a member of Mr.
Monroe's administration, basking in the sunshine
of court favour; and Mr. McDuffie and Mr. Hanr- ,
ilton, and other gifted sons of the state, were look- j
ing forward to certain advancement through the
patronage of the administration. Tliev were then
ns they had reason to be, not only tire warm sup
porters of Mr. Monroe's administration, bnt of the
,'atitudinirian principles upon which that adininia
tration was hared Mr Crawford was then just
feeling hi* way to the Presidency; and as he could
not count on the support of Mr Monroe's friends,
so his friends undertook to put down thoses princi
ples upon which lie administered the govern
ment; and they broached 'he doctrine of “State
Rights, and a literal eons!ruction" of the Consti
tution, and endeavored to form a coalytion of the
South in his favor, under that standard As has
been said above, the eta's of South Carolina,
were then glittering in the reflected light of Mr- j
Monroe's very popular administration; moreover,
Mr. Calhoun, as secretary at war. was highly inte*
tested, not onlv in supporting Mr. Monroe's ad
ministration, and the principles upon which it j
was oased, but in crushing all the advocates of
the State Rights school; on this head wc refor the
reader to the columns of the ITushington Repub
lican. of that day, and the Ninian Edwards' con
spiracy.
"But since then, the aspect of officers has great
ly ehanged Mr. Crawford, the head of the State
Rights party of that day. fell beneath the weight of
talent, of truth, oT industry and artifice, arrayed
him. But Mr. Calhoun also, his great antago
i*ts, fell with him; and with him fell the ambi
tious ho tee of his friends in South Carolina The
new administration smiled upon now faces, and
McDuffie and llayne, and Hamilton, were not
only thrown out of the line of safe precedent ,
but out of the circle of court favoi. From that
day, their viewa and principles became strangely
filtered. They were no longer clamorous for the
enla god powers of the Goncral Government, bat
were for restricting its powers to the narrowest
possible limits. It is curious an t instructive to
Contrast the doctrines maintained by the South
Carolina leaders, while enjoying the governtal fa
vor, with the sentiments of tho same men, when
they have been thrown into the opposition: We
intend for this purpose to republish a series of es
says written by Mr. McDuffio in 1821, for tho
purpose of refuting doctrines of State Righte j
of which iio has sines become so clamorous an
advocate
If tho present Legislature should Oomplote tho
.System of common schools, introduced by the satis*
Factor report of the committee, wo think their
labors will not have been in vain Mr re lasting
benefit will, in our opinion, result from such a
«ydtem as that recommended by the committee, to
the people at large, (than has flowed from all the
Land Loiteries, as valuable as they may have
been, since the organization of our state govern
ment. We believe it to be completely within the
means of »ho State to keep up a common school
in overy district, for several months in the year
which shall be open to every c'ass, and which
eh&li place the elements of an englbh education
Within the roach of every individual in tho com
rmnity
CHEROKEE LANDS.
The President through the Secretary at War,
has notified Gov Gilmer that he has withdrawn
the United St tea Troops from the Cherokee
country, and that, consequently, the Indians will
he left ontirely subject to the laws of Georgia!
and the lands at the disposition of t.ic legislaiuro'
It is alsoroported that the president has notified
the governor, that he Ims recoivcd assurances that
a treaty for the removal of the t hcrokee nation
ran bo effected, if Georgia will consent to certain
reservations in favor of some of the principal
chiefs.
In the legislature, the subject of the Cherokoe
lands is still under discussion. The substitute of.
fared by Mr Haines, which provides for the im
mediate survey of the lands, has been accepted in
liou of the original bill reported by the committco
on the slate of the republic. In accordance with
the lecomuieiidation of the governor, his person
al friends urge fomcarance on this subject; but
the Clark party opposed to him, together wit a
many distinguishes individuals of bis own party
aro in favor of an immediate survey; and it is
more than probable that this policy will prevail.
The French Minister at Washington on the Bth
lust, haif-an audience of the President, at which
he delivered to him an autograph letter from 11.
M Louis Pliillippe, announcing his accession to
lhs throne of Franco with tho title of King of the
re nc Ii
Health of 1 luliile. —After a summer and autumn
of unexampled health,says the Mobile Register of
tiie ltith.it has finally become our painful duty,
to announce the occurrence, in this City, of a
malignant case of Fever. We make the annun
ciation without comment. Our friends are as
competent as we are to decide upon Iho course
dictated by prudence.
It should be homo in mind, however, *liat we
had a pretty hard frost one night last week, and
rho her under the circumstances, tn.ro i, cause
f ;* olarip, wa pretend net to dctoiniioe.
GGLD.—I t is siatcu iu the Pi.iL.lcf
. lia Grzn e, that the anroal reports fr. n
e Director of tho Mint have, lor snnu
<rs past, exhibited th~ amour t of goal n
• ived for coinage. On rtle ring to tin &
■r*> uments it appears that tlic amount n
- * ivrd from the Southern States has n
cier-ed very considerably oithin severs
years, previous to 182-1, the Supply fro
d itneslic sources bore a very small propor
tion to the w hole amount coined, r.nd did
not, in f ret, exceed $3,000 yearly. During
Die year 1829, however, wo perceive the.
tho gold of the U. States, received at ti c
Mint, amounted to about $134,000, being
very nearly oqur.l to the foreign supply f<r
the same period; and it is understood, fr—i*
a satisfactory source, that the amount re
ceived from the Southern States within the
fir t three quarters of the present year, has
been nearly 329 000, while that received
from foreign sources, within the same pe
riod, amounts to little more than half tliot
sum.
—ooo—
SPAIN. We have authentic accounts ct
the tumults which are said to have taker
place at Midi id. On tivo occasions, then*
were assemblages in the sheets, of son
hundreds of lbe lower classes, who, on the
second, shouted in favor the “absolute
King,” and against the negros or libera!
party. They were quickly dispersed.—
Advices from Madrid to .he £o;h Septeitn
ber, have been received in this city.—
Tranquility prevailed there at that period.
Ii was believed thereby intelligent obseiv
ers, that tho majority of the Spanish nation
were decidedly averse to revolutionary
movements.
A‘al Qax.
—ooo
From the Federal Union
Legislature. —The lDoian Lind B II is
piogresstng slowly before ih** Legisi lure.
A substitute has been offered which alters,
in some material p< ints, the original Bui
submitted by the C«m ante on mt Smtu
of the Republic Giant diversity of opin
ion prevails amoog the members on the.
subject.
The most important mutter now before
the Legislature is a report ano bill for the
creation of a system of common schoufc
throughout the State. We are pit ised with
ihe general provisions of the Pill. Am
tiling that may operate as a beginning f.
this great cause will he a gieat public oun
ofit. We expect to give the whole repou
and bill in our next. Whenever the oper
ation of this system is commenced in our
Slate, it may be regai ed as one of Ou
proudest days of Georgia’s existence. Tne
bill was dratted by Mi Singleton of Jackson.
We regrei ta say that a bill for the crea
tion of a Court of E>rors has been lost i.
Senate by a coustitut.oual majority against
it!! There is a false notion prevailin'- thin
such a Court would benefit lire Lawyer.
Quite the reverse. The present
uncertainly of the law ’ piooQce* the
yer’s harvest. Create a tribi.i>.,i which »||
settle principles, and you dimmish law suits.
Create such a tribunal— hj,,,
to his books—increase his expeases; and
decrease tho number of his fees. Create
such a tribunal, and the people will soon
begin io know their rights. We regard me
creation of such a Court as tji xt ip in poi
tance to the hoe school system.
The Gold mine Bill is exciting consider
|Bble interest. Its file cannot yet bedeiei
mined.
The New York Evening Post says “tbal
Messrs. Wand, D. L>. Farnom, 1 ' P; ,vi
dence, R. I. have forwarded a beautitul
piece of superfine saltinett to Henry Clav,
as a compliment to Ihe champion of Amor
can manufactures. Asa set-off to this, the
friends of the unrestricted trade should send
him a barrel of West India molasses.”
Yah College,-- -The prospects of this
institution, notwithstanding a largo with
diawal of students, are said to be improving
It h..s had an accession of about 120 stu
dents this fall alone.
Tho Governor of New York has seta
part Thursday 9th of December, as a
day of thanksgiving throughout tba State.
Imprisonment for Debt.—A Bill has
been iotioduced in the House of Repiesen
tatives of Alabama, by Judge Shortridge
to abolish imprisonment for debt. Its pro
visions are prospective.
Death of D. fi IFi/iikisr.-—We regret'
to siate that this eulerp.izmg and valuable
citizen is no more. A letter, wo noder
staud; was received in this city yesterday,
communicating the ridings of his death, arm
ihe circumstances which led to it. J (i p
pears that Gnn Williams was engaged io
superintending the erection of a bridge over
Lynch’s Creek, when one of the timbers
fell and broke both his legs. He lingered
until the next day, tho 16 h inxt.
Char. Mercury.
LtTERAnV CoSVKXTTON \ highly
terestmg and imporiant meeting took pU
in the City of New York on the 20tti uh
It was a convention of Literary Pn-fessors
and other learned men, culled together to
consult on the subject of the newly project
ed University of N-w York; on the best
mode of conducting institutions of the kind,
aod on the iutercst of Literature general
ly.—Many interesting communications wer
read from the Gentlemen who badAecd in
vited, but who could not attend.—Tho mee
ting adjourned on the 23d, nfter having a
dopted a resolution for establishing a na
tional Institution. Much interesting dis
cussion took plaro at the Conventi n.
Tho Hon D E Huger is nominated in Charles
ton papers a candidate for tho gnbematoral chair
in opposition to Major Hamilton. Col. James
hesnut of Camden, has also hoen noinuiatod for
tho same office.
Povr.nTY—One solitary philos .her m iy
be great, virtuous and happy, j n tho and ~th
of poverty, but not o whole peopf •.
LEGISLATURE OF GEORGIA.
SENATE
Fbioxt, Nov. 12.
The Fenateproeeded to the investigation nl the
contested e lotion of sc ratoi from Twiggs county,
and after besg closed, on motion of Mr Branham
he inmate greed to the reconsidcitd resolution,
declaring >T Lott Warren duly and legally eiec
lerf. . ,
The fdliwipg resolution offered l»y Mr Wood,
was xgreod to:—
Rcsoreri, That the Governor be requested to
cause to l>e hid before tho Senate, and as much
in a 'dbul ir torn as possible, the number, ot public
)i<iids at work «n the roads, designating the sev
eral places or dstricts of country; also, the num
ber of miles ot road already executed, and the
quantity of work done; the sum quarterly expen
ded for their maintenance; specifying the kinds ot
food ami clothing: with its c.*t. on an average
for each hand; also, the number of horses, mules,
and oxen, now employed, and the expense month
ly, of each, as near as cau be estimated; together
with such other matters connected vvilli the sub
ject. as he may deem fit
The Senate took up and concurred in the reso
lution from the House of Representatives, appro
priating s>;'2d, to defray the expenses of the
hands Ac. working on the public roods, for tee
last quarter of l»3fi, &c.
Saturday, Nov. 13.
Several bills were read the second lime, and re
ferrred to a committee of the vvole
Tho Senate rejocted the bill to lay off anew
county front the counties of Tioup, Coweta, and
Carroll
Monday, Nov. 15.
* The Senate agreed to re-consider the vole of
Saturday last, as regards the icjection of the bill
to lay of anew county from Troup, C'owola, and
Carroll
A bill was introduced to abobolish Penitentiary
I punishment, and for other purposes.
I The Senate took up the reconsidered bill to lay
off anew cuunty from Troap, Coweta, audCai
roll—aid it passed, yeas 41, nays 24.
A bill was passed tc divide’the county of Lee,
yeas 41, nays 20.
Mr r.veicttl reported a bill to divide the county
of Randolph, and to lay out and form anew coun
ty therefrom.
Tuesday, Nov 16.
Committees were eppointed oa notices given
yesterday.
To fix the timo, of holding ccurts for the trial of
caveats, against the pasnng of grants of land
The Senate, in committco of the whole, took
up the bill to prevent tho exercise of assumed
powers by all persons under pretest of authority
from the Cherokee Indians
The bill was reported without amendments,
and the report ordered to lie on the table, and be
made the ordeioftha day tor Wednesday next.
Mr McDougald introduced a bill insianter, to
amend the act incorporating the town of Colum
bus.
Mr Ector reportce a bill to amond the 7th sec
tion of the first article of the Constitution
Mr Watson reported a bill to facilitate the col
lection of debts in the superior and inferior courts
of this state and a bill to provide for the com
pensation of petit jurors.
• •tr Temples reported a bill to lay out and orga
nize anew county from the counties of Houston
and Marion.
Notice was given by Mr Everett, for thoapoint
mom of a committee, to prepare and report a b.ll
more effectually to define the title of proporty sold
by husband and wife in certain case
Wednesday, Nov 17
The hill declaring vali sales bySlicriffs and
Coroners of land and negroes, under Justices
Courts, executions, Ac. was ordered to lie ou the
table the balance of the session
The bill to alter tho !)th section of tin, 3d article
of the Constitution, was rejected there noi being
two-third* in its favor—Yc-as3B Navs 28.
The bill to alter the 3d, 7th and 12th sections
ar fi c^o, ani i the Ist and 3d sections of
the 3d article of the Constitution, was also reject
ed, for the same reason.
BILLS PASSED.
To amend the Cf.tray laws of this state, so far
as relates to the time of advertising and tolling
of horned cattle, sheep, goats, or’ hogs, before
they ar e sold
The Senate took up tho bill to prevent the ex
ercise ot assumed and arbitrary power by the
Cherokee, after debate, the bill and amendment
offered to it, were ordered to lie on tho table for the
presr nl.
B bill was reported to alter tho mode of appoint
ing the Directors of tho Central Ba ,k
Thursday, Nov. 16.
A bill was reported to give younger ud mient
creditor’s a preference to in neys raised on the
sale of defendant's properly, in certain casos
. Daniell, of Chatham, called up tho resolu
tion requesting the Governor to cause an investi
ga ion into the manner in which the commission
ers of Pilotage for Savannah River, above the
bar of said river, Ac. After some debate, the
resolution was ordered to lie on the table for ihe
present
The Ser.Bte took up the bill for the establish
nient of a Court for the correction of orrorH. .\f
ter much debate, the question was taken on the
passage of tho bill, and decided in the negative
yeas 27, nay" 44.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,
Friday, Nov. 12
Notices were given as follows :
Mr Bailey—To force Clerks of tho Superior
and Inferior Courts, to issue executions and Shor-
Uts to levy and collect the same whenever order
ed by the plaimiffor his attorney.
Mr Mck raven—to alter and amend the 19th
section of the Ist article of the constitution of the
stale ol Georgia
Mr Lester—to amend the first section of an act
to protect religious duties passed 1792.
~ , Gresham—to alter the manner of votino- bv
from the present undo to ctca
BILLS REPORTED.
Mr Bailey—To provido tor tho more speedy col
lection of fines and fofeiture* imposed upon do
fruiters at General Rev.ows or Inspections! Re
®ftfr*b°u and District musters
Mr Hazzard—To add two assistant trustees to
Rio poo schools in each county in tho st ile of
Georgia, and to require the said trustees to mine,
intend annual examinations of the pour child, n
educated at said schools, .elect one of the most
talented boys from each county to receive mstrur
tion at Franklin Collego and tho same number f,r
I ur J ears thereafter successive! ■
„ , r , Carnes—T° dispose of the towii common
included in tho reserve at Milledgeville, and all
the unsold Town l,ots in said place :
Mr Ryan—To amend an act to reguhtii the ad- I
mission of evidence m certain cases in the several :
conrts of law and equity in this slate, and to pro- ;
property reC ° rd:n *? Conveyances of pers ,nal
bills passed.
On motion of Mr Hdliard,
Resolved, That the committee on Agriculture
anu Internal improvement be instructed t“ j
q lire into the propriety and expediency of making 1
out and establishing a pul,fie r,«d fi’J
; u *' 0,1 ll *« Lluttahooclne, to ,|, O f)t 3L
On motion of Mr Curry
Reeved That the joint standing committee
m Agricultural and Internal Improvement, he
instructed to enquire into the expediency of rrraH
mg and providn.g for the rndoivmeot ./asuiUhl,.
I,.Hiding lor he reception of the inshgont a, and m
valid )«ror of this at.it e, to he stvlcl it... f
and asylum of the stale of < L » '*
torgjortw, hßlotui Uormlm Sf mTk^o '
A report and resolution we e agreed io alio -vtr.g j
to Carlton VVelborn, the sum of iF‘73, for extra j
services render' and while Surveyor Genetal
A rep ,it and resolution were also agreed to, 1
appropriating the sum of :jio47 to John Bethuno,
for ox'ri ecrv.ces rendered as Surveyor Geue- |
ral.
A bill was reported and road the first tune, to
alter and amend the fit at section ot an set enli
lleu an act to al'.ei and amend so much of the 323
section of the Judiciary passed on the luih of Fe- j
bi nary, 17‘.'*d, as respects the claim of property in
the Superior anil lnieri >r court*, s i tar as regards
the court* wherein such claim thall be tried.
Monday, Nov 15.
BILLS REPORTED.
Mr Schley To provide for tho tempo'nrv
uinpint of the Wido.vs and children of a man j
lying testate or intestate.
Mr Towns—T o incorporate the T ilbot Female 1
Academy, and appoint trustees for the same. j
Tuesday, Nov. 16.
The. House took up the bill in relation to the .
gold mines, which htd been made the order of,
lh'3 day, and went into committee of the whole,
Mr Hatcher in tho chair.
The fus* section hiving been read, providing
that tiie Governor shall take po -.session of the!
mines n vv known, and hereafter to bo discovered, ,
a id to employ such military force as inav be deem
ed comp 'but to lake possession es and protect
and defend them from trespass
Mr M’Donald moved to strike i't out, and sup
ported it at some leng'h
Messrs. Howard, Hudson, and Ryan, opposed it
aod the discussion was coiiliued bv Messrs. Hud
son. Rvan. YFDjnald. llolt, ilayns, Murray,
Cleveland, Wafiord, t'earman, Hales and Dough
erty —during which,several amendments were of
fered, and the question ou being taken on slrtkmg
out, was lost
The second section providing for tho appropria
tion of $26,300 1° carry the pionsions of tho act
into effect, was adopted.
The third also was adopted, providing that any
person takmg gold from the territory shall be pun
ished in the Penitentiary nut more than four, nor
less than one year.
I'he fourth, io inflict the like punishment on
any person employing others to take away gold,
was likewise adopted.
After several amendments offe cd and with
drawn -,r rejected, the cummitee rose «V reported
the 6ill to tire (louse without amendments, w here
it was laid ou the table for the present.
Wednesday, Nov. 17.
A hill wa reported to alter and amend the 19th
section of the Ist article of the Constitution of tho
state of Georgia
Mr. iJiaek gave notico for the appointment of
a committee, to prepare and report a bill, to repeal
so muon of the law of 1829, amendatory of tho Pe
nal t .ode, relative to gaming.
A bill wis r ead a ilnru time to alter and amend
the law au' lion Zing fortunale UutAo.a to rolin.
qiush lands drawn by them, and to prescribe the
duty oi Receiver* of Tax Returns.
Mr Dougherty, from the committoe on the
sinte of the Republic, reported a bill to provide
for the temporary disposal of the improvements
and posaessions purchased from certain Chero
kee Indians and residents—which was road the
first time
Mr Haynes, from tho committee on the Judicia
ry, presented a report on the subject of tho com
pilation of the laws of the state, which was road
til* first time.
'flic House went into committee of the whole,
on the bill to survey and lav off in districts and
lots the territory ot tho state in the occupancy of
the Chorokeo Indians After considerable de
bate, ihe speaker re.umod Ihe chair, and Mr.
Hates from the committee, reported progress, and
asked leave to sit again, which was agreed to.
1 liursday, Nov. 18
The House resumed the consideration of the
unfinished business ot yesterday, and again went
into committee of the whole House, Mr Hates in
the chair, on the bill for the survey and disposi
tion of the Cheroke lands, iVc.—and having spent
some time the therein, ihe Speaker resumed tiie
chair, and Mr. Hates, from tiie committee, repor
ted tiie hill with amendments: tiie report was
ordered to iio on lire tabic, and 3IK) copios thereof
to be priuted.
Friday, Nov. 19.
EDUCATION.
Mr. Scni.r.Y, from the Committee, on Public Ed
ucation and Free Schools, made a Uoport, which
. Was road, and oruered to be printed, viz:
The i uiiimiltee to wuom was referred the ro
• solution of the Senate, enquiring into the expedi
ency or practicability of establishing Common
Schools throughout tiro state, tor lie mutual ben
efit of all concerned, beg leave to
; REPORT:
That they have had the same under ccneidera
j lion, and have diligently bestowed upon it that
mature reflect! in, which tfio importance of tfio
' subject requires.
\our com : itiec do not hesitate in givinc it as
their decided opinion, that tiie time will come, and
is fast approaching, when the people, not only of
Georgia, but of tho whole of those (J. States, will
ci y aloud f r legislative enactment, to aid them
in the acquisition of knowledge, which is empha
tically pronounced to be the first object of a world
ly consideration
Among the many logacics loft ns by the immor
jtai Jefferson, we find the following:—“Educate
. end inform the whole mass of the plsoplo— enable
the n to see that it is their interest to preset vo
peace, and order, and they will prescivc it: and
it requires no very high degree of education to
convince them of tins. They ara the only sure
reliance tor the preservation of our liberties, and
it is the best way of securing peace and attach
attaenni mt to our republican institutions " With
many other declarations of parenlial affection, he
expresses his deep convictien ot the utihtv of
learning. J
Your committee ecu Id present many oilier val
uable quotations upon tins subject, but they deem
it unnecessary, as the advanced stago .fciviliza
Hon amongst us, is sufficient to convince everv
one ot its advantage*. J
Reflecting upon the importance of the matter
referred to them, they arc fully sensible of its di
rec and intimate connection with’the happiness
and prosperity of thoir country, and its controll
ing n.du nee over he permanency of her institu
tions Ii lias tor some time past ongagod the as
sidu Us ami almost constant attention of the advo
cates ot liberal principles throughout tho world:—
ami toe importance attached to it is rapidly in- ■
creasing. If we investigate the causes of the
decline and I ul of other republics wo will roadily
discover, that much is to be atliibutcd t* the neir
lected education of youth.
ihe influence ot public opinion, to salutary,
must bo enlightened Wherever kuowled'-e has
been generally diffused, republican principles hav.
rn-.ro or less predominated; and on the contrarv,
no country has long retained her fioedcm, where
ignorance swayed itsglOmny sceptre
VVitlrout tins diffusion of knowled m, our liher
ly, like that of most other nations, wlto have wa
ded through blood to obtain it, would : >on iiavo
lermtnated in Ima.liousness, and boon succeeded
by anarchy, and de-potiim. Katin,al and practi
cal lilierly, that blirrly, which docs not degoner
aU. into turbulence, or uiiorujled v >lupluousness,
"I; 1 "! " U ’ un ‘ l< '' l on she immoveable basis of knowl
i».o l :m.r.T| r t re ’ U °,' Vi r h u lt ,nsmi '' to poatcr'itv,
ho sacred boon winch our hive left us,
\.e 1 the ~p„n w i lio h
its jMirmanericy so essentially depends
i our commtteo are fully pcrmiadaii, that the
mass of lbe pe p! u , and the
-hoiild itnihi land .her rights, n.ui'ii.whnw to
\;, H | t» r, "K , «'o requisition ail your
■ I T (Xtending the opportunities 0 f ~u,u.„
wl,l «'MUy add f. i|,o positive u
.i mt oi >Wman happiness; ail j p rUit lUiDJ*
einployflirc’ f » «f>* b\ a-e Ii u'-* of mury, v >
now pcs ijiiem in I.- loss apathy. I s'.r . on
means < f ; opu'a' I stni'Mion, and ybu givo i o ne
diato imp n.so to t...- p' bile 'r ding m til ? i '~r.
eating subject; and I, >w sc.oi woubl «v:r b «• ;>»
swell with the thou hr of bring in so i.r> de j'- e
inslruiiieiilal in mi ing gcoius and nicri: f in . e
scu ity,tc the hig test w ilks of l ! lo Let the I m >
ot' education bo made to penetrate Ike [one tv*',
roil, as well as the in no fertile soil of tii • s
and you will mosi certainly It gbten tho mu >,o
mnee cf every tiue hearted friend of our civil ic:t
religious libertiee If wc would secure tli -se ii .
erties. and traits.oil tuein wi ll th” present. ».’f .
ture of our government unimpaired to pns'erd-,
we must enlighten the public mind. Every s- : .r.- ,
that i- established, ami every c nlu tha'. is rdi i.
ted, whether in the I .g house or elsewhere : m
additional pledges "f the grow li, the influent: * -t
; perpetuity of our institutions Tiie govcinr.i l
| of tho United Slates more than any other, and pc <’i
I for its cni'.'innaiice on enlightened pulu.c omi. ..
i Among an ignorant and uneducated people, , j
j peculiar organization connected with its geogra
phical dcstinctioiis. and the active and energetic
ope atem of distinct sovereignties upon snpposi J
conflicting mt rests, might exci o jealousy and
civil wa ; anil perhaps division of toiri.ory <»n
t!:e contrary, universal ed cation wmid bo ral.
ciliated to allay our latneuicd sectional j nlou ,
j and would make us look with liberality and'fei-A
i feelings, upon every member of out great -. 4
grow.ng confederacy And wc would iiinreover na
I better enabled to treat with forbearance, a.iH re
j spect, then foibles, and errors; am! to combine ir
I one common canse, tho energies of a groat n ■ i
united nation—finally, it would in re pcrfVe:!-.-
t cement the ties of friendship which nnlurdty
riso from the history of our great and gl > nu t
struggle for freedom, and the great actions of on?
patriots and heroos, who from a common loti.
! gunge, established our beloved country,' in whult
we all tool so much pride, and (lie brilliant and
I glowing piospects ot innumerable goneia'.i ii*
yet u born.
W ith these views, upon tire foregoing F ibjcct
of reference, your committee most respectful y
beg leave further to stale, they can look forward
with the most anxious solicitude to the lima, whe i
the means of a common English Education v :
be placed within the reach ot tho whole riring
generation And to effect this desirable object, it
rs only necessary tc join heart in hand, and say It
shall he done, and l will bo done. Our prosrnj;
resources, ymr commitltee believe o be nthp's
sufficient to make a fair beginning. They are ii.
waie of the oijjeclious occasioned by tiie spar o»,
dess of our papulation, in many parts of the s:n:r,
but cannot doom this a sutficicnt reason, why so
largo a porli m of Out state, constituting per
haps nine-tenths of tier population, ebo u i not
derive those contemplated benefits, and especial!;
when the balance will receive a proportional r.d.
vantage from the same resources.
Your committee have had under their immedi
ate inspection tho views of different states in thY
Union upon the common school system, and be
liove the planyt adopted by the stato ot New korfe '
to be in every respect best ca.ciliated to effect ilia
same object rn tiie elate of Georgia Now York
makes annual appropriation of ode hundred thou
sand dollars for tins purpose, to be divided in pro
portion to the number of children in each disti ls!,
• who are designed to be benefitted by it, on cor :•
turn tiiat the balance of tiie tuition money ibr tin
time being, be raised by a diroct tax for that pur
i pose: and in tho ovont of refusal by any liistre-t to
j raise the uccess&ry am -uni ns contemplated hr
law, tins public money is withheld from sach <ii -
trict, and applied to tiioso who may chose to avail
themselves <1 tiie benefit of said appropriation
These schools are kept up quarterly, and at suck
seasons of the year, as can bo best spared lioiq
the ndinary labor of the country l!y tins means
all tlio cinldrcn of tbis great state, between ti:*
age of 5 and I.a years arc annually taught tbra '
longer or ash irltr period of eacli year. W itii tins
immediately before our eyes, shall we any longer
say to our t Mow citizens that the time lias n, •
yet arrived to produce similar effects in Gcoririu?
Thejpride, the patriotism of the sta'e, forbid buig
cr delay: independent of any obligation to pm- 1
mote tho peace, and prosperity of llio rising gen
eration
In determining the amount necessary to cow
monce the operations of a common school sys'cr *
tem in the sta'e of iteorgia, your couunitl.ee bej
to be allowed t < piofit by the experience of tins
state ol New Yora This slate, it will be per
ceived, appropriates only $!(>'»,00'» annually, oa
aortal'i condi-ions, to a population of nboul twa
million, of , e pie i bis conditional approjiria
lion however small, has proved to be a suflietc-t
stimulation to cause the whole slate to enter i•*!> i
a laudable zeal for a general emancipation ir ci
the shackles c.f ignora-.co. To croducc this, ‘iio
estaolished an urm’orni, and indiscriminalc sys'cm
ot common schools, worthy the imitation of tfio
whole world. Let it no longer be lamented timj
Georgia with a population loss than one fourth of
New fork, and with resources very far superior
in proportion to her population, lias not yet un
dertaken to do something of the kiud for hor ris
ing generation.
from th.s view upon this interesting.subject,
your com tee cannot forbear giving it as tiicir
do' idod’opinion, that something should be done, ta *
enable Georgia to keep at least in sight of her j
sister states, in advancing the intelligence of her .
citizens
'l berofore, they beg leave to recommend tin
following bill, which is not founded altogether err
the principles of Now York, but on a plan in the ,
opinion of your committee better adapted to. tho
local, and peculiar situation of many parts of per
state, and in ,ro c ngenial to the disposition and
habits of all true hearted Georgians.
After the catl of the counties—
Mr. Hurray moved that the House take up tho
mil for the protection of the gold mines in tiie
Cherokee Territory.
Gn tliis motion a discussion arose between "Tor
si's Murray, Hates. Hudson, Haynes, \V a fiord,
I' lewd In n, Fatriok' Black, Howard, Doughcr'",
and 8011. ’ %
Jhe yeas and nays worn taken on the motion,
and were yeas 73—nays 57.
The Spoakcr decided that the motion was re
jected, as under the new rule of the dlousc it re
quired two thirds to take up a bill out of its rc-cf i
lar order.
On this dccismn, a discussion arose between 1
Messrs, Murray, Hates, Cleveland, Wofford, Uu* I
son, Burns, Ryan and Turner.
Mr. Wofford appoalled from the decision, but i
finally withdrew liis appeal.
Mr. McDonald then offered a resolution tint a I
majority might suspend the rule, which was re- 1
jccied. . j
I ho House then proceeded to tiie order ' f'lia
and iy, n Inch was local bills, several of' which wcr4 j
road trie third time and jvmerd
Singular Discovery. —j\lc Horton n yr- !
tlumnu vvlm has been engaged in ?><<fpiig
'* r (v'ter in Provi 'ence R. f, has [ins titcd
I') tho public sonic - remarkable results'. H
second exporimrni in lie selec*
I the e.T'reine point of a whnrf, marw ynn'l
from t!ie niigiua! land. He bored tfir"iiol|
siratom id mud, then thrnogij a hoc me id*
uw, containing good pea', llien tbroucli >" cl .
nid quails gravel. Al this [loim ivati r i"- fj
pregnated with copperas tiiid crsrnicbrrkd |i
lorili; but determining to proceed farther,
Mr. Horton next s'ruck vineyard '|4
1 e i a,i v lies, grapes, grape seeds, leaves
i o ns, bezel nuts, pino nuts, and the feet's
and uukivuvn fruits, 1' gcibt'j ;vilh t»nrc iv*»
Hr * was 3 j feet below the bi-d ol ii)#
iver.
Iu the lelgnof Queen Wary, of En e ! t
qu ro teed shoes wero in faibioo ami
nu i. woie tin m of so prodigious a Vrcm'A,
iV Biilwer says, il bo remembers mad", (
h*‘i < whs a proclanntion rxno out, tint n*
” 11 should wear his shoes shove six H
iquure at the toes.