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A . X!Z>C3-s9Ln 3NTI3C.
The Boston Cultivator believes that
4< the abundance of cheap and fertile
land in the West, and its possession by
ifarmers of small means and roving ten¬
dencies, has operated to lower the stand¬
ard of American agriculture.”
The heavy increase in the Russian
army and navy estimates will furnish in¬
teresting reading for continental diplo¬
mats. It shows, concludes the San Fran¬
cisco Chronicle, that the millenium, when
abitration shall succeed war, is as far oil
as ever.
A London vegetarian amateur athletic
club has just been formed. The avowed
object of the founders is to have a school
for vegetarian athletes which will in time
produce as good runners, wrestlers,
harriers, vaulters as any of those now be¬
fore the public who get their results on
a meat diet.
The Indiana House of Representatives
has passed a resolution directing the au¬
thorities of that State to co-operate with
Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Iowa,
Kansas, Ohio, Kentucky and Pennsyl¬
vania in an inquiry as to how much for¬
eign capital is loaned in those States,
with a view of taxing that capital.
Sheep raising may be profitable, after
all, admits the Boston Transcript, if
this story of the experience of a young
New York woman is true: Two years
ago her brother, having money invested
in sheep in Utah induced her to put
$1500 into the investment. She has late¬
ly sold her share to her brother for
$3500.
The baby King of Spain starts out well,
soliloquizes the San Francisco Chronicle,
by causing the death of his nurse before
he has cut his milk teeth. If he had
been born four hundred years ealier this
would probably have been regarded as a
good omen of his prowess as a warrior,
but in these degenerate dai^Ahe incident
'■"will be variously interpretedby the super¬
stitious.
Queen Liliuokalani, who succeeds Kala
kaua on the Hawaiian throne, is fifty
two years old. She is an amiable and
very intelligent woman, having a taste
for poetry and music. She is stately in
appearance and has a dignified carriage,
but of late years she has become rather
stout. She is animated and interesting
in conversation, speaking in the low and
musical tones that are peculiar to her
race. She speaks English and is well
versed in the current literature of the
day. _
E. L. Godkin, in the Forum, under¬
takes to prove that the expedition to re
lieve Emin was clearly a piratical under¬
taking, since it had the sanction of no
Government and its leader was responsi¬
ble to no power. In the course of the
argument Mr. Godkin shows the sym¬
pathy for Emin which caused the ex¬
pedition to be undertaken was a senti¬
ment born of the Gordon myth, and he
points out the curious fact that the peo¬
ple of Africa, owing to the slave trade,
has always been regarded as fit spoil for
pirates even by civilized nations who hold
no such notions even about any other
savages. Mr. Godkin expresses the high¬
est admiration for Stanley’s courage and
endurance, and approves of his conduct
of the expedition. It is its legal charac¬
ter only that he criticises.
The French people have given anothei
striking proof of their wealth as well as
of their confidence in the Government by
subscribing for sixteen times the amount
of the new loan of nearly $200,000,000.
“It is extremely doubtful,” observes the
New York News, “whether any other na¬
tion, in Europe at least, could achieve so
great a financial victory in existing con¬
ditions. The farmers and working peo¬
ple of France have taken the loan so ex¬
tensively that little is left for the banks.
Nowhere else arc the masses of the peo¬
ple so ready to intrust their earnings to
the Government, although the public
debt of France is already the greatest in
the world. Those persons who have
been accustomed to regard the French
nation as approaching financial and po¬
litical decay may have reason to revise
their hasty judgments. The French peo¬
ple, have reason to be proud of their
latest financial achievement.”
PEFFER’S VIEWS.
THE ALLIANCE SENATOR FROM
KANSAS SPEAKS OUT.
Policy of the Allance as Regards
the Issues of the Day.
W. A. Peffer, the recently elected
United States Alliance senator from
Kansas, speaks to readers of Frank Les¬
lie’s Illustrated Newspaper ns follows:
“The farmers’ alliance and industrial
union is made up of farmers and rural
working people, with country preachers,
school teachers, physicians and editors of
agricultural papers. Primarily social,
women and young persons of both sexes
over the ace of 16 years are eligible to
membetship. It is, also, semi-religious, ‘believer
for every member must be a in
the existence of a Supreme Being, ’ and all
the meetings are opened and closed with
prayer. Its intention is—‘On earth peace
and good-\vill toward men.’. And while
the first of its seven declarations of pur
poses is ‘to labor for the education of the
agricultural classes in the science of eco
nomical government in a strictly non¬
partisan spirit’—which permitted means that iu the no
partisan discussions are
councils of the order—still the alliance is
intensely political. It could not be oth¬
erwise and attain the objects sought.
Proposing to educate its members in the
science of economical government, it
must discuss all matters pertaining to ad¬
ministration of the laws. Its second dec¬
laration asserts a demand privileges for ‘equal rights
to all 8nd special intended originally, to none.” is
“It was not nor
it now, that the alliance should become a
political party, nor that it should form a
nucleus about which a party should col¬
lect. demanded It was expected the alliance that all could the re¬ be
forms by
and would be wrought parties, out by the machi¬
nery of existing or that a new
party would be born.
“Appeals were made to leaders of the
parties in power, but no attention was
paid to them, and the alliance members
set about seriously to build up a party of
the people, to be composed of voters who
were agreed upon a policy to bring about
the changes needed, these voters coming
from other bodies of organized labor
and from all existing political parties.
The result in Kansas was the people’s
party. In other states different methods
of proceeding were adopted; in none of
them, however, was a separate and dis¬
tinct party formed, though the principles
advocated and the objects sought by
organized farmers in all the states are the
same.
“The alliance membership are agreed
upon a few fundamental propositions re¬
lating to land, labor, transportation and
money, and they want legislation upon
those subjects. They tvant more money
5r. circulation ; they Want the government
to issue all the money directly, and get it
to the people without the intervention of
interest-charging agencies; they want
money made plenty and put out at low
rates of interest; they want the govern¬
ment to take charge of the money of the
country, so that its benefits may be en¬
joyed by the people upon fair terms and
on equal terms—the same rate of interest
on the same amount of money for the
same length of time; they want trans¬
portation controlled by the government
in the and public interest, in burdens so it may be cheap,
safe equal its and bene¬
fits ; they want a readjustment of our land
system, that all the public lands may be
gathered in speedily and disposed of to
settlers under the homestead law; they
want alien ownership of lauds abolished
in some equitable way; they want to
secure for the people the largest po-sible
measure of benefit from the unused lands
of the country; they want legislation
that will cause vacant lands to bear their
full share—acre for acre—of the public
burdens resulting from taxation; they
want homesteads protected in the interest
of citizens and their families; in short, as
to these great matters first, and as to all
related matters afterward, the Alliance
wants such legislation as will equalize
burdens and benefits of government, af¬
fording destroying equal protection to all the citi¬
zens, the influence of the
money power, suppressing and combinations
against freedom of trade, placing (he
debtor on terms with his creditor.
“This uprising of the people comes
from a belief that the universal depression
in agriculture is directly traceable to
vicious legislation; that our financial
nn'inv rninnn* to the masses; that as
Its legitimate fruit the rich are becoming
richer and the poor poorer, while the
wealth of the country is fast passing into
the hands of a comparatively small num¬
ber of persons. One-half the tilled
lands of the civilized world are
mortgaged adult to less than 1 per eighty cent
of the male population; pledged for
per cent of German farms are
debt; one-third of American farms are
under mortgage to non-resident and for¬
eign .capitalists; half the city real and estate the
is encumbered in the same way to
same extent; half the municipalities—
couniies, cities, townships—in all the
west and south are under mortgage to
bond-holders. The country is mortgaged
to death, and 63,000,000 people are com¬
pelled to get aloDg with a money circula¬
tion of $10 per capita. It is believed that
our national banking law intrusts a dan¬
gerous power to banking corporations. It
is known that, while the act was passed to
‘provide a national currency,’ the banks
are retiring that currency at the rate of
$32,500,000 a year, and that no provision
has been made or proposed by our law¬
makers to restore that amount, or any part
of it, to the circulation of the country.
In addition to all this, our railroad com¬
panies are in debt to stock and bonds five
times as much as they are worth, and the
people are compelled to pay, in exorbi-
tnnt traffic charges, the Interest on this
excessive indcbtcdmss besidis dividends
to the stockholders. Briefly, rich men and
great, corporations arc gambling on the
substance of the people. be done? The
“What, then, D to is plain and im- an¬
swer is pregnant, but t
peiative. The people must take charge
of their own business. All agencies publ c func¬
tions nm-t be exercised by ap¬
pointed by the government. The issu¬
ance of money and the transportation functions. of
property are both public issue all the
Then let the government
people’s money and supply all their pub¬
lic transportation. Abolish banks of
issue, let money go from the govern¬
ment to the people directly, and let the
charges for its use be no more than what
it actually costs to handle the money.
That is the rule in postal matters, and in
all other functions of the government.
That would bring interest rates down to
what the people could affordto pay, the
rates would be uniform in all parts of
the country, and it would be to the inter¬
est of every owner of money to keep it
in circulation promoting productive in
dustries. Instead of investing in mort
gages and draining out the substance of
tlie people, owners would put their mon
C y at work to make it pay its way,
just as men do with their farms and then
ships. “Transportation is part of the produc¬
tive force of the people, and for that
reason it must be made cheap and uni¬
form. As it is now, we pay from five to
ten times as much for our transportation owned
as it would cost if the people
their oxvn means of conveyance. In that
case the cost of the “plant” would not
figure in the estimate of cost of trans¬
portation any more than the cost of a
public road or a court house is charged
up to the people every wj^p time they use
these things, which made for their
convenience.
“The Farmer’s Alliance is striking for
that equal liberty and exact justice to
which the people are entiiled. They
want burdens and benefits justly distrib¬
uted; they want to destroy the influence
of the money power in legislation; they
aim to get rid permanently products of every labor; sort
of gambling in the of
they will wage relentless war on all class
legislation, and they will not be content
until trade among our people was free as
the air we breathe and the water we
drink. The Farmers’ Alliance has set
out to dethrone money and emancipate
labor.’’
BUSINESS OUTLOOK.
Dun & Co.’s Weekly Review of
Trade.
Dun & Co.’s weekly review of trade
says: Congress has adjourned, and the
possibility of an extra legislative session
no longer hangs over business, so that
the monetary basis cannot now be af¬
fected by any law of its mafciijg earlier
than December next; nor is there much
prospect now that any serious change will
he made next winter. Meanwhile, the
appropriations voted have been so large
and liberal that the treasury surplus available must
be considerably reduced and the
supply of currency increased within the
current year. One wholesome factor is
that prices of commodities are moving
up, rather, the average having risen more
than 1 per cent during the week, and the
exports of merchandise are thus liable to
be restricted.
Reports of trade from all parts of the
country show little change since last
week, though there is, perhaps a little
hss activity, ’the south continues to
feel the depression in cotton. Trade is
moderately fair. The only speculative
market that has declined during the week
is the cotton market, receipts showing an
increa-e of 47,000 bales over last year
and exports an increase of 12,000 bales.
A fall of 1 put the price even with any
recorded since 1851. But wheat has
risen over 1 cent, oats 1£ and corn nearly
2 cents, coffee J, oil 2£ cents, butter 5,
pork products a shade. It is difficult to
see why wheat should advance, with
western receipts largely exceeding those
for the corresponding week last year,
with a visible supply well maintained
and exports falling off, and thus far this
week, for instance, wheat eports are not
half last year’s lor the same days; flour
exports not one-half, corn exports only
one-ninth.
The treasury has put out. the silver
notes included, only $100,000 more cur¬
rency than it has taken in during the
past week, but the money markets are
generally well supplied for legitimate
business needs, though at some points
stringency is more active. Reports ns to
collections grow less satisfactory, and yet
it is the prevailing impression that bus¬
iness in all parts of the country is on a
solid footing and will prosper when good
crops come. week number 235; for
Failures for the
corresponding week last year the figure
was 223.
COMMERCE OF BRAZIL.
Great Business Activity in the
New Republic.
Official returns received at Washington
by the bureau of American republics from
Brazil, indicate great commercial activity
in the new republic. During the year
1890 corporations were $642,064,720, organized, with the a
capital aggregating activity being
months of extreme Septem¬
ber and October, the capitalization in the
latter month reaching $180,000,000. The
Railway Companie-Generale of Brazil,
has made contratcs in the United States
for $4,000,000 worth of rolling stock,
aud other railway supplies. things, The order
embraces, among other 315 cats
and fo ty-five Baldwin locomotives. The
minister of public w A iri {S of Brazil has
drawn upon the troasMy for $18, I'M to
pay the share of that j public in tlLpost
of the international av survey.
NEWS AND NOTES
CONDENSED FROM TELEGRAPH
AND CABLE.
Epitome of Incidents that Hap¬
pen from Day to Day.
Yellow fever is increasing iu Brazil.
The sudden fall in Scotch iron was a
feature of the iron rnatket Friday in Lon¬
don.
German merchants have decided in
favor of making an exhibit at the world’s
fair.
The union bricklayers and plasterers,
of Mobile, Ala., went out on a strike
Fiiday.
Nine men were caught in a snow slide
in Emory gulch, Utah, Thursday. Two
were killed instantly.
A dispatch from Pierre says that South
Dakota’s legislature killed the world’s
fair bill for economy’s sake.
At Newark, the Clarks have served
notice on striking spinners, that not one
of them will ever be taken back.
Jim Hill, the negro who President
Harrison appointed postmaster at Vicks¬
burg, failed to be confirmed by the senate.
A number of prominent cotton seed oil
merchants of London have formed a joint
stock company with a capital of $4,000,
000 .
I he Baltimore Methodist .. . conference, ,
on Friday, by a vote of 145 to 39. de
cided to not allow women delegates to
the general conference.
Secretary a . of r , War lr Proctor ,, issued . a gen
eral order Friday afternoon authorizing
he enlistment m the army of not more
than 2,000 Indians.
Specials received from many points
throughout Kansas say that the heaviest
snow of. the winter fell Saturday, averag
ing six inches 011 a level.
The amount of silver offered for sale to
the treasury department Friday was 1,
020,000 ounces, and the amount purch¬
ased was 270,000 ounces, at 98.25, 98.35.
- A fire Sundav in the stationery depart¬
ment of Louis Fortier’s establishment and
adjoining premises, at Montreal, Canada,
caused a damage amounting to Over
$40,000.
Judge Beach in the New York supreme
court, on Saturday, appointed J. E a ward
Simmons receiver of the American Loan
and Trust company, fixing his bond at
$200,000.
The president, on Saturday, appointed
James H. Beatty, of Idaho, United States
district judge for Idaho. The president
nominated him to the senate, but the nom¬
ination failed of action.
The Wanskuck strikers at Providence,
R. I., have decided to go to work at the
old schedule of prices, pending a confer¬
ence concerning the differences between
them and their employers.
The Methodist Episcopal conference of
Philadelphia, by a vote of 120 to 98 has
decided against admitting and women general as
delegates to the electoral
conferences of the churches.
President Balmaceda’s partisans are of
the opinion that a vigorous effort on the
part of the government troops will quell
the rebellion iu Chili. It is reported that
the insurgents are short of amunition.
A dispatch of Saturday, says: There
are now over 1,500 carpenters and plain¬
ing mill employes idle in Indianapolis in
consequence of the strike ordered by the
building trades council, and there are no
indications of an early settlement.
The annual meeting of the New York
Society was held Thursday night, when
the election of ofiici rs took place. Cap¬
tain Garden was elected president, and
James H. Parker, Peter Wallet, John H.
Inman and Clarence Cary vice-presidents
of the society.
Mrs. Frank Leslie will make a new
will by which the bulk of her fortune,
amounting to at least $600,000, will be
left in trust for the establishment of a
great institute for the instruction of wo¬
men and the advancement of higher ed¬
ucation of the sex.
Miss Mary Anderson (Mrs. Navarro)
has created some stir in theatrical circles
at London by advertising the sale of her
stage dresses, theatrical scenery and stage
properties, thus confirming the announce¬
ment that it is her intention to retire
definitely from the stage.
Coroner Levy, of New York, issued
warrants Friday morning for the arrest
of the officers and directors of the New
York, New Haven and Hartford railroad,
who have been held responsible by the
coroner’s jury four the deaths of the vic¬
tims of the Harlem railroad tunnel dis¬
aster.
Both houses of the Indiana legislature,
on Thursday, passed the legislative ap¬
portionment bill over the governor’s veto;
also the congressional apportionment
bill, giving democrats ten of the thirteen
congressmen on the vote of 2888. The
governor vetoed the bill and the senate
has passed it over the veto.
Attorney General Miller, on Saturday,
informed the secretary of the treasury
that the alleged ill treatment of the
Hungarian laborers employed Pocahontas, in the con¬
struction of a railroad near
Va., is a matter for state supervision only,
there being no United States law cover¬
ing such a case.
At a mass meeting of the journeymen
carpenters of Chicago Sunday, afternoon,
it was decided that should the master
carpenters not conclude to accede to the
proposition to arbitrate the differences
between the carpenters and employes a
strike of great magnitude will be inaugu¬
rated. Fully 3,000 men were present.
Fire, Monday morning, destroyed the
printing house of Gibson, Mall, MillerA}
Richardson, at Omaha, Neb. Loss $200,-,
000; insurance $1-10,000. The fire was
caused by a b >y smoking a eig rette its
th • press room. Br aches’ wagon stock
house, adjoining, was damaged to the
extent of $3'.ooO, covered by insurance.
A dispatch of Saturday from S'. Paul,
Minn., says: Examiner Knox las pro¬
ceeded far enough with the accou t of
Deputy County Clerk Jay P Davis to
discover that he is short between $25,000
and 30,000. He obtained all the money
from County Treasurer Nelson on forged
jury certificates during the last four yeurs.
A cablegram of Sunday from Paris
says: Under the pretext of avenging the
insults which were offered to the Empress
Frederick during her guard recent visit_ Epinal to
Paris the German forest at
have compelled the French woodcutters
to cross the frontier from Vexaincouit,
thus depriving them of their only means
of a livelihood.
A dispatch of Thursday, says: The re¬
markable secrecy observed concerning
weeks the cremation has caused of Emma change Abbott iu Pitts¬ * wo
ago a
burg, Pa., city regulations. It has been
decided a dangerous privilege to cremate
secretly, and hereafter a public permit buriai.
must be taken, as in a case of
John Goffey, a murderer and a suicide,
was also quietly disposed of in this way.
A cablegram of Sunday from Madrid,
Spain, says: A commission of six medi¬
cal men, appointed to investigate the
Koch method of treating consumptives,
has reported in favor of the total suspen¬
sion of that form of treatment, it having
been found, according > to the committee’s
£ thftt not B ° le cure had been
ef cted there b the se of the method
j u QUest ; on
.... from the port , or .
The exports ‘ of specie J
New Yor k for eek ended March 7,
amounted t0 4fl5 ’ 06 *$<,4,624 5, of which $900,-
541 wa8 in , d an d in silver,
0 f the total export $675 490 in cold and
$506,749 iu silver went to Europe, and
$225,051 in gold and $27,745 in silver
went to South America. The imports of
specie during the week amounted to
$24,765, of which $139,681 was in gold
and $109,084 in silver.
A Chicago dispatch says: On Thurs¬
day George J. Gibson, secretary of the
whisky trust, gave bonds on four new
indictments turned in by the last grand origi¬
jury against him. The indictment
nally returned was dismissed. The new
ones charge conspiracy with some person
or persons unknown to destroy the prop¬
erty of the Shufeldt Building Company, dynamite,
and having in nitro-glycerine, his possession other
gunpowder, or destroying ex¬
plosives, for the purpose of
life and property.
A Pittsburg, Pa., dispatch says: The
long strike of the coal miners of the
Monongahela valley has ended in a com¬
plete victory for the men. Friday morn¬
ing the operators met and decided to
concede the demands of the strikers for
an advance in the mining rates of i cent
per bushel, and resume work at once. and
The strike was one of the longest this
most determined ever known in sec¬
tion. It lasted ten weeks, and the men
lost, in wages alone, over $1,000,000.
The resumption of work will mean pros¬
perity and happiness to upward of 25,000
people.
THE LINES TIGHTENING.
The Italian Suspects Identified
as the Hennessey Assassins.
The Hennessey trial, which is in pro¬
gress at New Orleans, devoted Tues¬
day strictly to the taking of testimony,
and in a sitting of over seven hours about
twenty witnesses were examined. A man
named Politz was identified as one of the
men who brought some guns in sacks to
the Italian grocery store on Poydras street
two days before the shooting. He was
also identified as being present at the
shooting, running and slipping and falling while
away, his gun going into the
gutter, where it was picked up the next
day. Baguette and Scoffedi were identi¬
fied as having been present at the shoot¬
ing. Scoffedi in was further identified
the man the oil cloth coat, who stood
at the corner and fired at Hennessey, and
Scoffedi, Politz, Sineari and Natali were
recognized as the men who stole away in
the darkness in the direction of New
Canal. The finding of guns and shells
along the route taken by the fleeing mur¬
derers was proven, and the weapons
identified. They were double-barrelled
shotguns, with sawed-off barrels; two
with skeleton stocks working on hinges,
folding away into small compasses. Some
of the experts in firearms testified that
they never saw such irons before.
NO 3ENAT0R YET.
The Illinois Legislature Still
Balloting.
A Springfield, Ill., dispatch says: The
opening ballot in joint assembly Friday
gave no encouragement to the friends of
Streeter, as, in spite of the endorsement.
of the state c<ntra! committee, he re¬
ceived one less vote than he did Thurs¬
day, one of the republicans going back
to Oglesby. The result was: Palmer.
101; Str.-eter, 97; Oglesby, 6. This was
the 145th ballot, but, on the 148th, an¬
other republican came into line, giving
Streeter 98 votes, still five short of an
election. The balloting continued up to
the 150th ballot without change; then,
for the first time in the history of the
joint assembly, the democrats moved to
adjourn. The motion prevailed by a
vote of 107 to 97. Four of the anti
Streeter republicans, Moore and Cockrell,
the Farmers’ Mutual Benefit Association,
voting with the democrats. The repub¬
lican steering committee was greatly dis¬
appointed at this result.
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