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THE FARM AND GARDEN.
SPOILING PUKE MILK.
A large percentage of pure milk is
spoiled when first drawn from the udder
by being allowed to stand for a moment
in filthy stables, or strained into cans
standing close to cow or horse stables,
pig pens, sink holes and cesspools, as it
at once takes on the odor of tho atmos¬
phere surrounding it. Gassy curds, in¬
ferior cheese and rancid butter will
always be found to result from filthy
stables and improper care of the milk
after it is drawn from the udder.— Amer¬
ican Dairyman.
BIGGEST IS NOT BEST.
It is well for a farmer to test the ca¬
pacity of an acre and find out how much
of this or that it can be made to produce,
but it is not always the best system of
agriculture. The size of a crop is one
tning, and the profit of it another. The
soil can be overstocked with fertilizers,
and the plants thereby overfed. The
crop may be larger than the average, but
it may have cost many times more than
the average. The man who is striving
to get the greatest income for the least
outlay or, in other words, the great¬
est profit from his acres, must count his
investments in money and time and ap¬
ply only enough of manure, seed, labor
and attention to give the best returns for
energy expended. Each must, by suc¬
cessive trials, decide what this amount
must be. It will pay one man in one
locality to so enrich bis soil and tend his
crop of corn that it will yield a hundred
bushels, but another farmer on another
soil in a different locality from market
may lose money if he tries to grow more
than fifty. Farming is a business, and
not a game of “get the biggest crop,”
no matter by what means .—American
Agriculturist.
breeding sows.
It is not well to allow a sow to breed
until she is at least six months old, and
then she should have made a good
growth. It is true that many would
breed earlier than that, but the result is
apt to be small pigs, of weak constitu¬
tions, and usually inferior in every way
to the true standard of the breed, if they
are of any particular breed, and if not,
scarcely fitted to fatten, and certainly
unfitted to breed from. It would be
much better for those who are trying to
grow good stock that they should let the
sows go at least eight months before al¬
lowing them to run with the male, or an
April pig could be used in December, so
that she might also farrow in April.
Then, if the pigs are good and she proves
a good mother, she might be kept until
six or seven years old and give two lit¬
ters a year. They usually run 113 day3,
and some times old sows go a day or
two over, while a very young sow may
not go quite as long. But they are usu¬
ally punctual to the day, and almost to
the hour, after the first litter. Breeding
too young and then fattening, almost
without regard to the value for breeding
has been one great cause of deterioration
in swine.— Boston Cultivator.
CHANCE FOR BETTER SWEET CORN.
Sweet corn is merely an improvement
from field corn by careful selection of the
choice ears, asserts Hollister Sage. Of
course the process has been kept up for
a couise of years. But sweet corn is to¬
day very far from being the perfect pro¬
duct which it should be. Even a single
variety varies in character to a large de¬
gree. Take the Early Minnesota or the
Evergreen, for instance, and notice the
difference of two ears from the same
planting, the seed having been procured
in one package. While one ear is sweet,
tender and delicious, the other will per¬
haps be coarse, tough, tasteless and far
from desirable. Cultivation has not pro¬
duced this marked difference, and it
must exist in the variety. Still farther,
I believe some corn plants have a tendency
to hold the tenderness of their kernels
for a longer time than others. Here is
an interesting field for experiment which
may result in more than increased earli¬
ness and productiveness—points which
ate not of greatest importance to gar¬
deners for the home table. In picking
corn it will pay to break In two and
label several ears each time, leaving one
half of each growing on the stalk. When
a half ear is found which is especially
juicy, tender and sugary, its counterpart
should be carefully labelled and allowed
to mature and as carefully dried and pre¬
served for the next year’s planting. By
close watching, ears of this character can
be secured which also come early and on
stalks bearing two or more additional
“variety ears. Sweet com is good, but a single
shows too much variation .—New
York Tribune.
DRAFT OF WAGONS.
Bulletin No. 13 of the Missouri Agri¬
cultural College and No. 4 of the Utah
Experiment Station are the sources of
the following summary which, from its
practical nature, can hardly fail to be in¬
teresting to farmers:
1. Wheels with felloes ljf inches wide
drew on moist but close bluegrass sward
41.6 per cent, harder than wheels with
felloes three inches wide did. On a dirt
road, slightly moist, the former drew
12.7 per cent, heavier than the latter.
2. Draft on moist roads, according to
degree of moisture, is harder than draft
on hills varying in rise from one foot in
eight to one foot in twenty.
3. Draft on a plank road is about one
fiftieth of the load, and not one-seventh
of the draft found on a mud road in its
ordinary condition after a rain.
4. A load over the hind wheel drew
ten per cent, easier than over the front
wheels. The hind wheels drew nine and
three-tenths per cent, easier over an ob¬
stacle threo inches high when the attach¬
ment was made to each set of wheols,
but by the usual hitch drew harder on
account of the downward incline of the
reach connecting them with the front
wheels.
5. Lowering the reach on the hind
wheels decreased draft.
C. Wagons draw easier when the draft
has an upward incline, and harder when
horses are hitched on the end of the
pole.
7. Loose burrs reduce the draft 4.5
per cent.
8. Lard, Frazer’s axle grease, cylinder
oil and castor oil decreased draft in the
order named.
9. The load that could be drawn on
various roads tested varied from 1310
pound on a loose,gravelly road just made
to 7355 pounds on a good gravel road,
and to over 13,000 pounds on a plank
road. Other varieties of roads were
tested as well as the influence of grade.
Draft varied on grades very closely to
their theoretical variations.
Nothing could be written that would
more forcibly emphasize the importance
of a better construction of the countrj
roads. The varying amounts of powei
required to move a load on roads accord¬
ing to the smoothness and hardness of
their surfaces,or otherwise, should incite
all interested to a general movement for
their improvement. The advantage of
wide over narrow felloes is worthy of
note. Again, the comparative value of
the substances named as lubricants is nol
commonly estimated in the order abovi
given .—New York World.
FARM AND GARDEN NOTES. ^
An idle hen is never a good layer.
An overgrown, excessively fat fowl is
a nuisance.
A little stimulating food for the fowls
will not come amiss in moulting season,
In seeding let every one remember it it
far better to drill in your seed than to
depend on broadcast sowing.
The best table fowls are the games,
Cochins, Houdans, Brahmas, Langshans,
Wyandottes and Dominiques.
Crude petroleum and crude carbolh
acid will emulsify with soap iu the same
manner as is used with kerosene.
There is no difference in any respect
between chickens hatched in an incuba¬
tor and those hatched under a hen.
Numbered with good window plants
are rose and scarlet geraniums, fuchsias,
English ivy, wax plant, calla and be¬
gonias.
Poultry of any kind intended to be
dressed before sending to market, should
be kept from food twenty-four hours
before killing.
The rakings and scrapings of the farm
may possess but little value, but if
thrown on the manure heap they serve
as absorbents.
The right stage for harvesting pears
may be told by the readiness of the stem
to separate from the twig when the pear
is gently raised upward.
Vick advises in pruning the grape to
cup the vine and bud higher than it is
intended to have it grow, and rough ofi
the bud just below the cut.
Gleason says that a horse’s nostrils are
his fingers, and with them he feels arti¬
cles to find whether they will hurt him.
He smells every new object thoroughly
to decide whether it is good or bad.
Walnuts boiled in water and the juice
put on horses and cows with a whitewash
brush or. anything suitable, will cause
the flies to immediately fly off upon
alighting on them. Smart-weed may be
added.
Every farmer who is troubled by moles
ought to try a few castor bean plants.
An old gardener who was noted for rais¬
ing vegetables, always had a few dozen
of these plants scattered about his garden
for the purpose of keeping away moles.
Go over the strawberry rows and pull
out the weeds, in order to prevent them
from seeding and continue cultivation
between the rows until late in the sea
son. Any advantage gained now in the
growth of vines will be of value next
spring,
You can raise ducks and geese without
an abundance of water. There is more
fun, of course, in seeing them swim in
brooks, rivers or ponds, yet drink, if you give and
them enough pure water to plunge bath,
allow them an occasional
they will thrive first-rate with no water
range.
One of the best tonics for chickens,
and probably one of simplest, is to keep
a handful of old msty nails—the more
rust on them, the better—in each dish
from which they drink. The rust is the
oxide of iron sold by the druggists, and
the home-made is as good as the sale
article.
If chickens have sore eyes (though
they ought not to, and won’t if your
management is correct from the begin¬
ning, before the eggs are laid and on),
you can apply glycerine to good advan¬
tage, one small drop to each eye. This
will soften the edges of the lids so that
the bird can open them.
Clear rye bran alone should never be
fed to fowls, on account of its swelling
and caking in masses in the crop, and
proving fatal to chicken-life not unfre
quently. It will thus sodden and in¬
crease in bulk very rapidly before digest¬
ing, causing rupture of the crop, if any
great quantity has been eaten.
HOUSEHOLD AFFAIRS.
cement for mending.
To make a splendid cement for mend
ing almost anything, mix together
litharge and glycerine to the consistency
of thick cream or fresh putty. This
cement is useful for mending stone jars
or any coarse earthenware, for stopping
leaks in seams of tin pans, cracks and
holes in iron kettles and the like. Holes
an inch hi diameter in keltles can be
filled and used the same for J years in
boiling water and - feed. - It may also be
used to fasten on lamp tops, to tighten
loose nuts, to secure bolts Where nuts are
lost, to tighten loose joints of wood or
iron, loose boxes in wagons, hubs, and a
great many other things. In all cases
the article mended should not be used
until the cement has hardened, which
will require from one day to one week,
according to the quantity used. This
cement will resist the actions of acids,
of water, hot or cold, and almost any
degree of heat.— Detroit Free Press.
A VALUABLE aid.
One of the most valuable aids to the
cleanliness of a lady’s wardrobe is gaso¬
line. It is used in factories where cor¬
sets, ready-made clothing and other
such articles are manufactured, to re¬
move the stains of grease and machinery,
and is found more effectual than any¬
thing that has been tried.
How often in looking through her
wardrobe, spring and fall, a lady will
find some article too good to discard that
has been discolored. A dress waist that
is marred about the collar and sleeves by
the moisture of the skin, a soft woolen
shawl that is dust-stained, or travel
soiled, a nice pair of silk or kid gloves
that are “too black to wear.” All these
things may be cleansed with gasoline.
Put the articles in the fluid, rub softly,
if much, soiled change the fluid once,
shake, and hang up to dry. They will
come out as good as new. Ribbons,
ruches, almost every conceivable article
of a lady’s wardrobe may be treated in
the same way.
The odor is pungent, but it passes off
more rapidly than that of any other
cleansing fluid. It has a temporary un¬
pleasant effect on the hands and fingers
of those that use it, but this is quickly
relieved by the application of vaseline.
One lady who tried it described the
effect on her finger-tips to be like the
pricking of needles, but she said this
only lasted about five minutes, even
though she did not use vaseline.—
Daughters of America.
1
PICKLES.
Green Tomato Pickle—Select medium¬
sized, green tomatoes, cut in halves, slice
onions and add* to them, sprinkle with
salt and let stand over night; press out
the juice and put in pans; put a gallon
of vinegar in a saucepan, add a pod of
red pepper, a teaspoonful of black pep¬
per, black a tablespoonful each of white and
mustard seed, ground cloves and
allspice, and a teacup of brown sugar; let
heat fifteen minutes and pour over the
pickles.
Ripe Tomato Pickles—Take large,
ripe tomatoes, puncture with a darning
needle; place a layer iu a large jar with
chopped onions, sprinkle with salt and
put iu another layer until the jar is full;
let this stand a week and drain; put in a
jar, and cover with spiced vinegar.
Yellow Pickle—Take two gallons of
‘vinegar, two pounds of sugar, one ounce
of tumeric, three ounces of cloves, one
of mace, one pint of mustard seed and
two tablespoons of celery seed; pound
well, and stir in the hot vinegar; take
three large heads of cabbage, cut and
scald in brine, squeeze dry and hang in
the sun; when bleactied put in a jar and
pour the vinegar over.
Pepper Pickles—Cut the stems out of
fifty large pods of pepper, fill each with
chopped cabbage, grated horseradish,
mustard seed and salt; replace the stems
and tie a string around; pack in stone
jars, and cover with vinegar.
Onion Pickles—Take large, white
onions; put in a jar and pour boiling
water over; let stand three days; drain
off the water, and add pork brine; let
stand twenty-four hours; heat one gal¬
lon of vinegar; add two ounces of tur
moric, and pour over the onions boiling
hot; cover the jar and let stand ten days;
then drain; pour over strong, well
seasoned vinegar; cover tightly and set
in a cool dry place.
Nasturtium Pickles—Gather the berries
when full grown; put them in a jar;
pour boiling sab- water over them, and
let stand three or four days; drain, and
cover with cold spiced vinegar.
Pickle Cauliflower—Take firm, white
heads; break into pieces, and boil for ten
minutes in strong salt and water; skim
out the pieces; lay on a cloth to drain;
when cold, put in a pickle jar with a
dozen whole cloves, two dozen allspice
and dozen pepper corns, and pour over
hot vinegar.
Spanish Pickles—Take two dozen large
cucumbers, one peck of full-grown green
tomatoes and one dozen onions; let the
cucumbers and whole tomatoes stand in
brine three days; chop the onions and
sprinkle with salt; take half a gallon of
vinegar, three ounces of white mustard
seed, one each of turmeric and celery
seed, one box of mustard and two pounds
of brown sugar; set on fire, and let
simmer slowly for half an hour; pour
over the cucumbers, and seal.— Courier
Journal.
The old German Lutheran Church at
Wftldoboro, Me., has stood 130 years,
and there has never been a collection
taken up within its walls.
The Modern Journal.
Great Newspaper Proprietor (who has
made a fortune in trade and then bought
a daily for s< me reason no fellow can find
out)—“This is Saturday, isn’t it? I want
a forty-page paper for to-morrow.”
Editor (meekly)—“But, sir, the whole
force, if furnished with brand new shears,
couldn’t get out more than twenty pages
on suc ^ s h° rt notice. ’
G. N. P. (authoritatively)—“Let the
®. er twet ^y P tt K us be filled with adver
tisements.”
vertisements Editor—“But, sir, we haven’t the ad¬
.”
G. N. P.—“Go out and buy some,
then.”—Street & Smith’s Good News.
About the Size of It.
American Foreigner—“Why complaining is it that so many bad
cities are of
water? Is not the water supply under
the direction of city officials?”
American — “Usually. ”
Foreigner—“And are not those offi¬
cials elected by the people?”
American— “ Yes. ”
Foreigner—“Then it appears to me
you have not been careful to select offi
rials who are good judges of water. ”—
New York Weekly.
Mysteries of Navigation.
Sweet Girl (in a rowboat)—“What is
this place in the back of the boat for?”
Nice Young Man—“That is to put an
oar in when you want to skull the boat.
side; Rowing requires both oars, one on is used. each
but in sculling one oar only
That is placed at the back and worked
with one hand.”
Sweet Girl (after meditation) —“I
wish you would try sculling awhile.”—
Street & Smith’s Good News.
The roof of the pension office at Wash¬
ington leaks with every rain storm and
melting snow.
'(l&A
"If
06
OIV^ ENJOYS
Both the method and results ■when
Syrup and refreshing of Figs is taken; the it is and pleasant
to taste, acts
gently Liver and yet promptly Bowels, cleanses on the Kidneys, the
effectually, dispels colds, head¬ Bys¬
tem
aches and fevers and cures habitual
constipation. Syrup of Figs is the
duced, only remedy* pleasing of its the kind ever and pro¬
to taste ac¬
ceptable to the stomach, prompt in
its action and truly beneficial fa its
effects, prepared only from the most
healthy and agreeable substances, commend its it
ill y excellent and have qualities made it the most
popular Syrup remedy of Figs known. is for sale in 50c
and $1 bottles by all leading drug¬
gists. Any reliable druggist who
may not have it on hand will pro¬
cure it promptly for any one who
wishes to try it. Do not accept any
substitute.
CALIFORNIA FIG SYRUF CO.
SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.
LOUISVILLE. AY. NEW YORK. S.Y.
KING COTTON
Buy or sell your Cotton on JOJJES
$60 JONES 5-Ton NOT For CHEAPEST OP terms Cotton BINGHAMTON, address BUT N. Scale. BEST. Y.
COLDS.
* O COUGHS.
HOARSENESS,
CONSUMPTION AND
ALL AFFECTIONS OF THE THROAT AND LUNGS,
TAYLOR’S CHEROKEE REMEDY OF
SWEET GUM AND MULLEIN
Is the BEST KNOWN REMEDY.
Ask your druggist or merchant for it, and take no substitute,
as nothing else can take its place.
•piSO’S REMEDY FOR GATARRH.—Best. Easiest to use.
a - Cheapest. Relief is immediate. A cure is certain. For
Cold in the Head it has no equal.
r» v
CATARR H
nostrils. It is an Price, Ointment, 60c. of Sold which by druggists a small particle sent by is applied to the CHS
or man. HI
Address. E. T. Hazkltink. Warren. Pa.
£
TH CO RIG INAL AND GENUINE. The Diamond only Safe, Brand Sure, and reliable Pill for sale.
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or any other
can be supplied bv’addressing
ixycrisvin-m. ky.
I (ill'
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coovrig X 't»3i c£f°\ *
All over
— your sufferings from Catarrh.
That is, if you go about it in the
right way. plenty of
There are wrong ways,
that perhaps you’ve found out.
They may relieve for a time, but
they don’t cure. drive
Worse yet, they may the
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afford to experiment.
But there is a does right way, Thou¬ and a
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sands of otherwise with hopeless cases
have proved it. It’s Dr. Sage’s
Catarrh Remedy. By its mild,
soothing, cleansing and healing
properties, chronic it permanently Catarrhal cures the
worst cases.
Headache, “Cold in the Head”—
everything catarrhal in its nature,
is cured as if by magic.
It’s a way so sure that the pro¬
prietors of Dr. Sage’s Remedy
offer, in good faith, §500 for a
case of Catarrh which they can¬
not cure.
If it’s sure enough for them to
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for you to make the
They risk $500. Y hat do you
risk?
VEGETABLE GROWERS.
A VALUABLE COST OF PUBLICATION, NEW BOOK AT 29
THE $100 PRIZE ESSAYS.
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FREE ON RECEIPT OF ONLY 20 CENTS, in
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©EA vU I\L Dp111 AIM/7u!er A R I\ » 0 o“ de y w5?
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PATENTSS&SSS
A. N. U. .......Forty-four, '91.