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Officers Au;usta W. T. A Society.
Dr. JOS. A. EVE, President.
Dr. DANIEL HOOK, i
Rev. W VI. J. HARD, V Vice Presidents
HAWKINS HUFF, Esq. )
WM. HAINES, Jr. Secretary.
L. D. LALLERSTED I’, Treasurer.
Managers.’
James Harper, Rev. C. S. Dod,
John G. Dunlap, E. E. Scofield,
John Milledge, James Godby,
TiKlg FARifflgjg, -
HeceJpes.
Fruits. —AAi excellent plan for pre
venting young trees from becoming hide
bound and mossy, and for promoting their
health and growth, is to take a bucket of
soft soap, and apply it with a brush to the
stem or trunk, from top to bottom; this
cleanses the hark and destroys the worms
or the eggs of insects ; and the soap be
coming dissolved by rains, descends to
the roots, and causes them to grow vig
orously.
Peach Worm. —lt is said that a mix
ture of one ounce of saltpetre and sev
en ounces of salt, applied on the surface
of the ground, in contact and around the
trunk of a peach tree seven years old and
upwards, will destroy the worm, prevent
the yellows, and add much to the pro
duce and quality of the fruit. Also dress
the orchard with the same mixture at the
late of two bushels to the acre.
To prevent the dropping off of Grains.
—Make a circular incision in the wood,
cutting away a ring of bark, about the
breadth of a twelfth of an inch. The
wood acquires greater size about the in
cision, and the operation accelerates the
maturity of the wood and of the fruit.
The incision should not he made deeper
than the hark, or it will spoil both the
wood and the fruits.
To save oats infeeding horses Bruise
or crush your oats in a nut mill, or oth
erwise, as convenient, and your horse
will become fatter on half his usual al
lowance, than on double the quantity un
prepared. If you cannot bruise the oat,
pour hot water on them and let them soak
lor a few hours.
Harvesting Grain.
Custom has induced farmers generally
to believe, that it is an improper and
wasteful practice to cut either wheat or
rye with the scythe and cradle. Jf the
gmin be neither lodged nor entangled, it
may he cut off as clean by the scythe and
cradle, as by the sickle. If it be properly
gathered and bound, but little, if any,
more loss will arise from gathering it in
this way. If the grain he cradled in
proper time, it shatters less, on the whole,
than when it is reaped and secured in the
usual way. It is readily granted that if
grain be cradled and reaped at the same
time, it shatters more by the former
practice. It should be recollected, how
ever, that the very tardy progress of the
sickle greatly increases the shattering,
by procrastinating the harvest so long
that the chaff'opens, and much of the
grain falls out. Whereas the rapid pro- ’
gress of the scythe and cradle cuts off the
grain before any material loss from shat
tering can take place, if the cultivator
commences in time. No evil, but much
good, will arise from beginning early.
This not only prevents shattering, but
also the risk of encountering the various
injuries to which the crop is exposed by
useless delay. Some farmers of the first
respectability assert, that practice and
observation have convinced that grain,
and also the flour, are the best when the
wheat is cut much before the usual time.
I his, however, does not accord with mv
practice. Ihe middle course between
the extremes of cutting very early, or at
the usual time, will be found the best, ex
cept where mildew occurs. In that case,
wheat should be cut immediately after it
can be determined that the disease is
severe. If the crop is only slightly af
fected, it is far better to let it stand until
the grain be fit to cut.— Lorain’s Lius
ibandry.
The Suufljwer.
The people at the south are certainly
the most neglectful beings of any other
in the Union. Many'species of vegeta
tion which grow spontaneous, and with
out care, possess rare and useful qualities
yet they are passed over as mere weeds,
without persons even taking the trouble
to ask of their properties. This is the
case, /however, where nature has profuse
ly scattered her blessings—we take that
which pleases us most, and let the bal
ance go for their worth. For instance,
the sunflower which grows on rich and
AUGUSTAWASHINGTONIAN.
A WEEKLY PAPER: DEVOTED TO TEMPERANCE, AGRICULTURE, & MISCELLANEOUS READINGS.
Vol. III.]
: common soils, without cultivation, is of
| great importance to man. The seeds
1 make excellent food for poultry, and will
give a good yield of oil; and after the
oil has been expressed from the seed, val
uable cakes may be made from the resi
due, which may be used for various pur
poses ; and acts as an excellent manure
ibr vegetables.
The Palma Christie is another valua
ble growth, though greatly neglected by
southerners. Our best castor oil is made
■ from its berries. The manutacturing of
; this article is about to take place in this
| part of the Union, as we understand from
1 good authority, that a gentleman in Geor
-1; gsa hasalrady tested the experiment, and
the product warrants a renewal of the
experiment.— Highland Messenger.
I ~~ :rr-"
, Points oi' a Good Milch Cow.
The following is from a report of the
, Guernsey Agricultural Society :
1. Purity of breed and qualities of the
dain for yielding rich and yellow butter.
2. Small head, largo and bright eyes,
. small muzzle, small ears, orange color
, within.
. 3- Straight back from the shoulders to
I the tail, and chest wide,
t 4. A fine and loose skin, with soft
. and short hair.
j 5. Sides well rounded, flank small be
, tween the side and haunch, tail fine.
6. Fore-legs straight and well propor
tioned, hind-legs broad above the knee,
( fine and clean below ; hoofs small; legs
, should not cross in walking.
, 7. Udder large, and the teats large,
and springing from the four corners of
, the udder; milk vein large and well
defined.
r l raiiilatt d from the Courier des Etats Unis.
The Times ot the Empeior.
During one of the great reviews which
the emperor held in the court of the Tu
ileries, a very coihrtien recognition took
• place drummer of a regi
; me lit of the Jiie, aid a general of the
guard,: who .fifteen years before had been
bed-fellows f l speak of the drummer
, Castagnet, aiW General Gres, both well
I known by the whole army. Napoleon had
a very particular friendship and esteem
for the latter. “Gros,”’said he, “lives
in gunpowder : like the pike in the wa
ter, it is his element.”
The original manner in which this of
ficer was promoted to so elevated a rank,
I ought not to be passed over in silence.—
\ At the same tune I should say it would
have been difficult to find a man more
' worthy of being placed at the head of a
• brigade of grenadiers of the old guard,
i The soldiers loved him, and said : “He
.|is a perfect trooper.” I do not know
I that the soldiers could have made a great
er eulogy on their chiefs. Gros merited
it in many respects. Me was not quite
thirty-six ; tall, well made, and his face
was masculine and handsome. To all
S these he joined that of a
sirofig sonorous voice, excessive gener
osity, and a valor which delighted itself
in the midst of danger. Unfortunately,
he was not very lettered, and had away
of expression peculiar to himself.
Gros, who was only a colonel, com
manding the chasseurs of the old guard,
happened to be alone, one morning, at St.
Cloud, in one of the little saloons con
tiguous to the emperor’s cabinet. There,
not knowing what to do, while waiting
impatiently tor the aid-de-camp to come
and introduce him to Napoleon, he stop
ped before a Psyche, and regarded him
■selt with complacency, pulling up his
collar, adjusting his epaulettes, and ex
ulting in the regularity of his person and
costume. The satisfaction caused him
by this examination, led him by’ degrees
to compliment himself upon it.
“Ah! my cadet,” said he, measuring
himseli from head to foot, “ there are
few built and rigged like thyself. What
a pity thou didst not make thy ric-a-ric
(rhetoric) as the majors little white beaks
say, or that thou hadst not learned mela
matiques as thy emperor, who esteems
thee, wished J Thou w’ouldst have been
general now—”
“You ar e ,” said Napoleon, slapping
him suddenly on the shoulder.
During the short soliloquy of Gros, I
the emperor had entered the little saloon i
noiselessly and unperceived; he had over- ;
heard him, and seized the occasion to i
name him general of the guard, and so >
much the better as it was to tell him of i
his nomination that he had sent for him i
to St. Cloud. I
AUGUSTA, GA. SEPTEMBER 21, 1844.
A short time after the day of the re
| view in question, Castagnet. the old com
rade ot Gros. found himself in the court
■ ot the Tuileries, placed in the front rank
of the drummers of the/ortv-fifth regi
ment ot the line, whose’ right lay near
the gate of the rue de I’Echelle. * From j
the testimony of his colleagues, M. M. \
Officers of the hide, Castagnet, provost j
ot puns, and dancing master, was, he- 1
sides, a satan of a bnffon , and amiable
in company. Caatagn- t learned that i
General Gros was to give the regiment l
the preparatory glance of inspection, be- i
fore the emperor came to make that of
! the master. Castagnet burned with the
desire to see once more this officer-gen
eral, with whom he had formerly lived
in the greatest familiarity.
As soon as the superb drum-major of
the forty-fifth perceived General Gros,
advancing on horseback, he found him
sell anticipated, for the general stopped
before him, and in a majestic attitude in
front of the subordinates, to whom turn
ing to the right and left, without moving
his body, he spoke as a farmer would to
the little chickens he was feeding. He
flattered, cajoled, and above all recom
mended them to act together when the mo
ment of making themselves heard should
come. As to Castagnet, his heart heat
violently; lie rested himself on his left
leg, he twisted his drumsticks in his
hands, as if they had been a chocolate ;
mill; moreover, lie tried to compose a
compliment for his ancient comrade.—
Now, as soon as the General looked to- j
• wards him, he quickly raised his hand to ]
his schako, and in a voice of counter-1
tenor, harangued him thus:
, “ Eli! nom d’un nom ! —is it you, my
general!—look at me, then ; it is the
buffoon of Relintintin, with whom you
have drunk more schniclc than there is
broth in the porridge-pot of the Invalids.
How is your health? Do you not re
member mo?”
At the first words, and still more from
Castagnet’s voice, Gros recognized his I
old hod-fellow, a volunteer like himself
in a batalion of patriots from I’Aude.
He jumped precipitately from his horse,!
flung himself in the drummer’s arms,
embraced him with emotion, hih! replied
to him by pressing his hand in away to
crush his hones.
“Very well! very well! my old Cas
tagnet, and you ?”
“Like the ancients of the camp de la
Lund, but not so well as you, my gener
al ; for it seems you are fine at pregeut!
I hat is the reason you had forgotten
Castagnet a little. For myself, always
enrolling, as you see, while formerly you
partook with me de quoi to fill my pipe.”
While saying you arc fine, Castagnet
took ofl the general’s hat, and uncere
moniously put it on his own head.
Gros laughed, as well as all who wit
nessed this scene, am! without seeming
the least angry at the boldness of the
soldier, took his hat again, remounted
his horse and said :
“ Come and see me to-morrow after
the morning roll, you shall see that 1 al
ways have at my lodging the bouffarde
of friendship, and the laisse toi jaire of:
consolation.”
“I shall not fail, my general, although
what I have to tell you will he only some
thing laughable; because at present,
thanks to the little toys of the little cor
poral, (pointing with pride to the star 1
sparkling on his breast,) the blague is 1
complete, and one can gargle instanta- i
neously after the beating, when one’s 1
throat is too dry.” i
During this burlesque conversation, I
Napoleon, after having traversed along <
the first files of the guard, and prepared ■
himself to enter the Carousel by one of s
the lateral grilles, cast his eyes in that di- 1
rection; he thought he distinguished at 1
the extremity of the line, a soldier with t
a general’s hat on his head. c
“ What’s the meaning of this, General
Gros?” cried he, in a severe tone, and
frowning angrily, “is a scene of the
Carnival going on here ?”
The general took off his hat, and point
ing the emperor to a drummer standing
motionless in the ranks, he replied, with
his accustomed freedom :
‘•■Sire, it is an old friend, one of the
bravest soldiers of Sambre’ Meuse, who
loves to jest with his chief sometimes, to
make his comrades laugh ; I give him to
you for a solid trooper, who has never
had cold in his eyes before the enemy.
Such us you see him, sire, he has already
rolled his victorious drum in all the coun
tries possible in nature. He is called 1
Castagnet; it was he who beat the i
charge with one hand before St. John
d’Acre, because he had the other shot
j through by the hall of au Arab at the
j commencement of the shaking.”
Napoleon loved discipline, but bravery
| still more.
“Ah ! ah !” said he, shaking his head,
; “ that is different!” Then addressing
I himself to the drummer, he added in that
accent with which he enchanted his sol
j diers,
“It was you who was the third to en
ter iifti St. John d Acre, I am very glad
j to renew acquaintance with you—Gener*
‘ al Gros,” he continued, “ I thank you
lor presenting me to Castagnet.”
Thus saying, Napoleon raised his hand
to his hat, and slightly lifted it.
At these words, at this gesture, the
countenance of the drummer became
purple; his moustache stood erect on his
upper lip; he replied awkwardly,
“ And I also, my emperor, I am flatter
ed—indefinitely—”
“It was you 100, if my memory is
good,” resumed Napoleon, “who gave
proof of presence ot mind and courage,
so admirable at the combat of Montebel
lo, in saving the life of your commander.”
The scarlet of Castagnet’s face turned
blue. His eyes burned like two carbun
cles, ho replied, still lower than the first
time,
“A little, my emperor, always the
same stuff.”
“Gros, ’ added Napoleon, “ from this
evening you will take tlt is man with you 1
j is of my guard, and if he continues to
| he well spoken of, I will advance him.”
! “ And you will do light, sire,” replied
the general, “ for Castagnet alone can
make more noise than a whole pack of
artillery fired off together.”
Napoleon, followed by General Gros,
spurred on Marengo, and entered the
Carousel. An instant after, he made
Marengo, with beating sides and nostrils
covered with foam, advance a few steps.
He raised his arm, shook his hand above
1 his head, and immediately was heard a
roll of drums, growing louder and louder
like thunder, then stopped all at once.
A regular firing of guns succeeded
throughout the whole line. At the com
mand of a single voice, all move. Then
the countenance of the emperor, lately
so pale, so impassable, colored and be
came animated ; he settled himself in his
saddle, and cast a triumphant look to the
aid-de-camp ot the King of Prussia, who
seemed absorbed in the contemplation of
this magnificent tableau. It was be
cause Napoleon remarked the undula
tions of the eagles on his banners; it was
because he perceived fiis soldiers advanc
ing slowly, hut in perfect order; in a
word, it was because the defile of his
guards was going to commence, and be
cause this spectacle never had its like in
the world.
Battles on the Sabbath. —Great men
and military men, of whom it has been
said of the latter, * they know no Sab
hath,’ are no more justified in violating
the Sabbath on a large scale than on a
small one, no more than the most humble
in the land. The battle of Waterloo
was fought on the Sabbath, and Napole
on who began it was defeated. The bat
tle of New Orleans was also fought on
the Sabbath, and the British army who
began it, were defeated, with terrible
slaughter. T.he naval battle fought by
Commodore McDonough with the Brit
ish fleet on Lake Champlain, took place
on the Sabbath. The British began the
attack and were defeated, although their
force was so great that it was a matter
ot wonder that a small American force
should have been able to capture a force
so greatly superior. Here then are three
battles not to name more, which were ,
fought on the Sabbath, and in each case
the force which began the attack were
defeated. The coincidence is striking
however it be accounted for. :
The Dervise and the Skeptic.
A certain man went to see a Dervise,
and proposed to him three questions.—
The first was, how he could say that God
was in all parts. ‘ I do not see him,’
said he, *in any part, show me where he
is ?” The second was ‘ wherefore is man
punished for crimes, when the leaf of
the tree cannot move without the will of
God, and without his will we cannot com
mit crime ?” The third was • how can
God punish Lucifer with hell-fire when
he is formed from fire, and what impress
ion can this element make upon itself.’
The Dervise seized a large clod of earth,
and his only answer was to cast it against
WASIIIXqTOXIAN
TOTAL ABSTINENCE! PLEDGE,
We, whose names are hereunto an
nexed, desirous of forming a Society for
our mutual benefit, and to'guard against
a pernicious practice, which 13 injurious
to our health, standing and families, do
pledge ourselves as Gentlemen, not to
drini: any Spirituous or Malt Liquors,
nine or Cider.
===== _____ =r ... 'f
[No. 10.
1 the head of the querist with much force,
t The poor man went weeping to tho Gov
: ernor, saying, ‘ I proposed three questions
to the Dervise and without giving mo
r any answer, struck me on the hearkwith
a very heavy clod of earth causing? mo
> much pain/’ The Governor caused the
: dervise to be brought before him, and
t said to him, ‘ wherefofo|gifet thou struck
■ | this man, instead of answer to the
questions that he pronn.jnfod,’ The
■ Dervise replied, ‘the eloder 'is the
1 answer sought. He says tfr*t he, Joels
• pain in tho head, let him teach us to see
! the pain and thus will 1 him God ;
and wherefore has he comSersToc£t&-
I plain to your Excellency against me,-
when what I did was with the will of
! God and as this man is composed of.
■ earth, how could the clod of earth I cast
i upon him cause him pain ? The skeptic
was confounded, the Governor approved
■ the answer of the Dervise, and the Der
vise pursued the same method of answer*
• ; ing similar questions.
i
I Would.—ls I possessed the most
, valuable things in the world, and was
[ about t( > " ill them away, the following
would be my plan of distribution : °
1 would will to the world truth and
friendship, which are very scarce.
, I would give an additional portion of
truth to lawyers, traders and merchants.
, I would give to physicians skill and
learning.
I would give to printers their pay.
To gossiping women, short tongues.
lo young women, good sense, largo
vvaist3, and natural teeth.
To young sprouts or dandies, common
sense, little cash, hard work.
ioold maids, good tempers smooth
faces, little talk and good husbands.
To old bachelors, a love of virtue,
children and wives.
i Enterprise of the Ancleuts.
The whole of the coast of Peru is a
continued sandy desert, with here and
there an oasis, or fertile valley. No
rain ever visits these spots, and cultiva
lion is, therelore, only effected by arti
ficial means ofirrigation. The ancient
inhabitants had recourse for this purpose
to numerous subterranean watercourses,,
or conduits, which still remain in many
places, and are worthy of attention. In
the valley of Nazca they are about two
feet in height and one in breadth, lined
with uncemented masonry, and covered
with slabs. Most of these conduits are
now choked up with sand, but some of
them remain unobstructed, and supply
sufficient water to impart great fertility
to the valley, where the vine, which is
extensively cultivated, often equals in
girth an elm of ten years’ growth. How
tai tho underground aqueducts extend,
or whsnee flow the head waters, is not
Known ; but the works of the Peruvians,
in this branch of rural economy are won
derful. Every new acquisition of terri
tory was followed by the construction of
azeqnias, as these channels were called.
Their importance may be judged from
this fact, that, wherever they have become
obstructed, (and this has occurred in
many places) there stretches a parched
level wheie formerly were fertile fields
and meadows. »
In many provinces of the interior there
arc mountains, on the sides of which ar
tificial terrace, faced with rough stone,
were constructed resembling those which
may be seen on some parts of the Rhone.
These terraces rise one above another to
a great elevation, and once produced
subsistence for a large population
Ihev are now for the most part unculti
vated, overrun with useless herbage, and
without an inhabitant. —Fraser s Mag
azine.
Velocity of Steam Vessels.
Mr. Henry Booth, of the Liverpool
and Alanchester Railway, between two
and three years ago published some ex
periments by which he thought he had
disproved the received law that the power
required to propel vessels through the
water, increases in a triplicate ratio of
the velocities. He has recently publish
ed another pamphlet with further experi
ments, the object of which is to show that
by lengthening the vessels without in
creasing the breadth, and using the serdw
in place of the paddle, we might gain a
greater velocity with very little increase
of power, and thus abridge the time of
transit for oceans voyages. He appre
hends the time may he reduced between
England and America to a week.
[.Sheet Anchor .