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Officers Augusta W. T. A Society.
Dr. JOS. A. EVE, President.
Dr. DANIEL HOOK, )
Rev. WM. J. HARD, > Vice Presidents
HAWKINS HUFF, Esq. )
WM. HAINES. Jr. Secretary.
L. D. LALLERSTED T, Treasurer.
Managers:
Janies Harper, E. E. Scofield,
Rev. 0. S. Dud, James God by,
John Mitledgc, •
~ ; f elf
a———i ■ i ■ i • ■■■■'■■■ —— " ■' - u - '* ■ g ■ -*•
Cultivation of Lucerne.
A “Subscriber,” at Strawberry Hill,
North Carolina, asks for some informa
tion on this subject.
A deep, rich, and rather light soil, is
best for lucerne, and it is hardly worth
while to attempt its cultivation on soils
of an opposite description. The prepa
tion of the ground consists in deep
ploughing, and fine pulverization. Any
kind of manure suitable for clover, may
be used —mixed with soil. It may be
sown either broadcast, with some kind of
spring grain, or alone in drills. We
prefer the latter, for the following rea
sons : When sown broadcast, with or
without grain, its growth is much check
ed, either by the grain or weeds, or by
both—if a drouth occurs at the time the
grain is taken off, a large portion of it
dies, and what remains is so injured that
the succeeding winter probably kills it.
After repeated trial, we have found it
vory difficult to get it through the first
summer and winter. Unless the weath
er is very favorable, so much of it dies,
that it is left top Riin. Having failed
some half dozen times in the broadcast
mode, wo tried towing in drills with a
machine, and succeeded completely.—
The drills were about ten idches apart,
and the spaces were hoed once or twice,
by which means the weeds were kept
down, and the lucerne grew so rapidly
that it was cut three times the first sea
sou—only about a month being required
between the cuttings to produce a growth
of more than a foot in height. It pro
duced at the rate of five tons to the acre.
We should prefer sowing as early in
the spring as the ground would admit of,
in order that the lucerne might get a
start of the weeds. In the broad-cast
mode, fifteen or sixteen pounds of seed
is recommended—in the drill mode,
eight or ten pounds, if properly sowed,
will be sufficient. There is no necessity
of permitting a crop to go to seed, as our
correspondents suggests, as the roots are
considered perennial—at any rale they
live many years. In regard to the marls
mentioned, it would be better to try them,
as well as lime, plaster, &c., for the ef
fect of these cannot be positively fore
told.
The seed might be had at any of the
principal seed stores of our cities. Its
cost is from twenty-five to thirty-seven
and a half cents per pound. By the
quantity it could probably be had for less.
Lucerne is greedily eaten by all kinds
of stock, and it is considered highly nu
tritive. It may be fed green or made
into hay. Wc know of no plant of equal
value for soiling. Its growth commences
very early in the spring, and continues
without interruption through the whole
season. No ordinary drouth affects it
in the least, after it once gets fairly root
ed. The roots have been traced to the
depth of more than three feet in the
earth, the first season, when sown in drills.
The only cultivation that it requires af
ter the first season, is an occasional har
rowing before it starts up in the spring.
Magnificent Orchard.
At the late Annual Fair of the Ameri
can Institute, Mr. R. I. Pell of Ulster,
county New York, received a gold medal
for the best fruit farm.
He states that he has an orchard con
taining twenty thousand trees of one
kind of fruit, viz: the Newton Pippin.
Here is an orchard worth looking at.
We do not know how thickly they are
set out, but allowing there is a tree on
every square rod, or 160 to an acre, which
is too thick, it must take one hundred
and twenty five acres! Mr. Pell think
ing it rather unprofitable to wait for the j
bearing year, or, in other words, not be- 1
ing willing to have apples oniy every!
other year, adopted a plan with some of*
his trees of spurring up the flagging ener
gies of those that required rest, so as to;
make them hear every year. Accord-1
ingly he selected a certain number of
them, and in April scraped the rough ;
bark from them, washed them with soft'
soap, cut off all interfering branches, !
AUGUSTA WASHINGTONIAN.
A YVEEKLA PAPER: DEA OTED 10 TEMPERANCE, AGRICULTURE, &, MISCELLANEOUS READINGS, j
i voi. hi.}
painting over the cuts with white paint to
keep the water out, and then slit the bark
of the body in several places from the
ground to the first limbs so as to prevent
their beiug hidebound. He then in July,
placed a peck of oyster shell lime at the
root of each tree, which in November was
dug in.
The Farmer’s Cabinet, from which we
obtain this information, states that the fol
lowing year, which was last year, he gath
ered from these trees 1700 barrels of ap
ples, that this year they are again bend
ing to the ground with fruit. He sold his
apples in the New Aork market for four
dollars per barrel, and the remainder in
the London market for nine dollars per.
barrel. This is doing good.
Plant-Lice destroyed by Lady Birds.
To no man is the study of natural his
tory of more practical benefit than to the
agriculturist, that he may learn what are
his real enemies, and how to distinguish
triends from foes. I once saw a gentle
man of wealth and intelligence, in the
south, busily engaged in picking off from
his cotton and destroying the lady birds
(coccincllce.) On my inquiring the rea
son, he informed me that the cotton was
infested with hosts of plant-lice (aphides,)
and that they were produced from these
beetles. He was confirmed in this opin
ion by the two being always associated
together. Wherever the lice were, there
was the lady bird. He was quite aston
ished when I informed him that the
aphides constitute the regular and sole
food of the lady bird, which seeks them
out and devours them continually, and
that he has been promoting the breed of
a pernicious insect, by blindly destroy
ing another race which God had appoint
ed to keep them down.
[ Canadian Naturalist.
Cure for the Stretches. — Sheep
sometimes stretch their noses out on tho
ground and around hy their side, as if in
severe pain. This is frequently occa
sioned by an involution of a part of the
intestine with unother, called when con
* curling in the human subject, intersus
ccitlio. Immediate relief is afforded,
when this last is the case, by lifting the
animal hy the hind legs, and shaking it a
few times, when the pain disappears.
[American Agriculturist.
l il
Views of Lilucation.
Ingenius and learned men have argu
ed that a true theory of education must
be based upon the knowledge of things
and not of letters and words. The
changes in the conditions of the facul
ties of the mind in the different periods j
of life seem not to be duly considered by j
them. Not only this or that child, not j
only the children of the rich and the j
learned, and the children of certain ra- 1
cos of men begin to learn to speak by i
imitation, as soon as their organs of ut
terance become firm and strong enough
to make articulate sounds, but all the
children (those who arc born deaf ex
cepted) among all people, kindreds, na
tions and tribes, in all their known diver
sities of characters and conditions and
different dialects and tongues. What
have the Universities and Colleges and
High Schools done towards the perpetu
ation of spoken languages? Who have j
been the Universal teacheresses and j
teachers of spoken language, save moth- :
ers and nurses and fathers ? Whosoever j
thinks of sending a child from the nur- !
scry or the tent or the wigwam to the :
school-house to learn ? Nature, in giv
ing the greatest degree of impressibility
to the auditory nerve in our childhood in
dicates the time for imitation.
But the changeable character of the
faculties may seem to be greater than it
; actually is. It is regulated by certain S
laws and apparent accidents are only ex-!
ceptions to general rules. We foreknow 1
with a considerable degree of certainty, i
the periods of life, when, mental as well!
as physical changes will take place.—
They are commonly indicated external-!
ly. What is called precocity of genius
is so far from being trust-worthy, that it j
not unfrequently proves the forerunner
of premature decay and death. Artifi-,
cial attempts to force the mind aresel- '-
dom successful. Reaction is apt to fol-;
low. It is true wisdom to follow nature ;i
in all her changes and to make the most i
use of each passing period, as the char- -
acters of no two periods can continue
long together in equal degrees. Would ! I
it not be a phenomenon to find the same 1 1
degree of impressibility at the age of 1
AUGUSTA, GA. DECEMBER 7, 1844.
1 fourteen as at that of four ? We have :
seen that the powers of ratiocination in
: crease, while the faculties become less
impressible. Long continued habits of
imitation are not apt to bo favorable to
the expansion of genius. Instead of
fixing unchangeable rules, should we not
do well to watch the transitions of na
ture ? But to recur to our position, that j
j tfi e effects of no causation have proved
so general as early imprcssibillity and
imitative power, the degrees of the lat
ter depending upon the former. Num
i hers or arithmetic have a greater analo
gy to written than to spoken language.
Children are generally later and slower
in learning the powers of figures than of
sounds. But letters and figures have
one use in common—they become spe
cies of artificial memory, or signs by
which our thoughts and ideas may be
recalled. W ritten numbers are not found
j where there are no written letters. As
| numbers do not depend so much on asso
ciation with impressibility as letters, the
teaching of writing is of the greater irn
| portance in the order of time. If it
'should seem that we crowd writing too
| closely to spelling, let it be recollected
that our object is association, and that
every day’s delay renders this more dif
ficult-—Melh. Protestant.
Hie Mourner.
“ It is very lonely mama,” murmured
a fair and lovely girl, as she rested upon
a sofa one evening; "it is very lonely
now and the night seems very long.—
Shall I never see papa any more?
“ Yes my love, you will see him in a
brighter world than this.”
“ But this is a fair world,” said the
little gill. "I love to run and play in
the warm sunshine, and pick the water
cresses from the brook ; and when the
weather is a little warmer, I shall go and
gather the blue eyed violet, that Pa said
was like me.”
“Too like, I fear,” said the mother, as
the tear-drop trembled on the drooping
lid ; but my dear child, there is a fairer
world than this, where the flowers never
fade; where clouds never hide the light
of that glorious sky; for the glory of
Him whose name is love, beams brightly
and forever in those golden courts; the
trees that grow on the hank of the river
| which waters that blessed place, never
j fade as they do is this world, anil when
I friends meet there, they will be parted
jno more, but will sing hymns of praise
to God and to the Lamb forever.”
“And shall I go to that happy place
when I din,” said the child, “ and will
you go with me ?”
“ Yes,” said the mother, “ we shall go
in God’s own time; when he calls us
| from this life, we shall dwell forever in
j his presence.”
It was a little while, and the mother
| Lent over the grave of this little frail
! flower of intellect, withered by the un
timely frosts of death ; but was she alone
when in the twilight shades she sat upon
the grassy mound, where the deep and
| yenring hopes of that fond heart were
gathered in obvious silence. Oh no!
The soft and silvered tones of buried
love whispered in the breeze and lifted
the drooping flowers overcharged with ,
the dewy tears of night. The diamond ,
stars, that one by one came forth upon '
j their shining watch, seemed beaming .
j with the light of that deathless flame,
j which burned undimmed upon the in- ,
j most shrine of her heart, and she enjoy- ,
jed in the holy hours of solitude, that :
I communion with pure spirits, which our j
exalted taith alone can bestow. 1
Louis Pliiliippc.
A foreign correspondent of the N. Y. f
Journal of Commerce, writing from Lon- 1
don, furnishes the following interesting f
sketch of the French King’s late visit to !1
! England : ' 0
“Yes, there, in Windsor Castle, is 8
1 Louis Phillippe, King of the French, and F
! one of his sons, the Duke de Montpon- r
j sier, snugly, and comfortably, and happily v
; located. It is a fact—there was the son
of L’Egalitic—there was the Duke of a
Orleans—there the exile ofTwickenham
; —there the humble schoolmaster of
| Switzerland—the teacher of mathematics h
in the United States—the linguist of Lon- ii
don ; —truly here the prince presented by
the elder branch of the Bourbons—the y
designed victims of Royal conspiracies-- p
the representative of his own kingdom; d
yes, I must repeat the words, there, in rr
Windsor Castle, was Louis Phillippe, w
having escaped numerous and terrific at- ti
temps at assassination, passed through hi
vicissitudes unheard of previously—en- ci
dured calamities enough to bow down the
strongest mind, and break the strongest
heart—-there was he, in his seventy-third
year, with his charmed life and green old
age, the guest of the Queen of England,
and the most esteemed sovereign in Eu-
I rope by her people.
And this is strange, wonderous strange,
i There was a time when a very different
opinion existed here—when the King of
the French was hated, detested, despised
—when he was not only deemed to be a
tyrant, but held up to execration as such
---when his selfishness was considered so
vile, that language was deemed inade
quate to its full expression—and when his
demise would have been deemed a bless
ing to freedom and a benefit to the world.
But how changed is all that! His very
acts ol harsh rule, are now deemed astu
teuess—every unconstitutional edict a
necessary ordinance—the celebrated Sep
tember laws as the salvation of France—
and the fortifications of the capital as ab
solutely requisite to secure order at home,
and therefore, peace abroad.
Such is the view taken of the King of
the French at this moment in England,
and his pleasing appearance, frank ad.
dresses, and amenity of manners have
won him golden opinions. Whenever he
has appeared in this country there has he
been received with powerful testimonies
of approbation, and ho has returned toliis
native country with impressions which,
it is sincerely to he hoped, may be per
mancntly imparted to his successor.
As long as Louis Phillippe lives, there
can be now no probability of war between !
she two countries, for the burthen of all
his speeches hero was; peace—peace
peace !
Mis departure from Great Britain was
attended by circumstances of some singu
larity, and it seems fated for this extra
ordinary personage that lie should be
continually involved in as extraordinary
occurrences.
When he reached Portsmouth the rain
had descended in torrents, the winds blew
a perfect gale, and as the Troport shore
would be dangerous in such tempestuous
weather, he was prevented embarking.
A council of the majesties and ministers
of the two nations- a circumstance un
precedented in history—was convened,
and it was decided that the king should
not attempt to steam from Portsmouth,
but should return to London and proceed
to Dover, and cross the straits to France.
Having left the Queen and Prince Albert
behind him, lie proceeded to the metropo
lis, and reached the Dover station when
the whole of it was one mass of fire. In
other ages, in a more superstitious day, j
how ominous would this have appeared— ;
the very elements opposing his return to |
his kingdom—-the fury of a storm at one |
place—a pillar of fire at the other.
The King of the French, however,
passed through every difficulty, and got
safe home.
Madame Kcstell.
Major Noah, in one of his walks
through Broadway, lately met Madame
Ilcstell, of infamous notoriety, flaunting
in silks and satins. He thus moralizes
on the occasion: “I was very near sen
tencing that woman once to the peniten- j
tiary. I had prepared an address, so j
true, so painful, so impressive, that it j
would have melted the heart of even a ,
slayer of innocence—but her lawyer j
stayed proceedings by a bili of excep- j
tions, and now she rides over one of her'
judges, tosses up her beautiful head, and 1
says in effect, ‘behold the triumph of'
virtue !’ Instead of a linsey woolsey pet- j
ticoat—a boddice of the same cloth,!,
fitted closely to her beautiful form, her \
lap filled with oakum, and her tapering ,
lingers tipped with tar—she is gloriously (
attired in rich silks and laces, towers
above her sex in a splendid carriage,
maps her fingers at the law and all its
pains and penalties, and cries out for
new victims and more gold. Can that s
woman sleep. * * (
The day of retribution must arrive, {
ind fearful will be its reckoning.” ,
1
Intense Feeling. —We copy the fob s
owing anecdote from the Boston Even- I
ng Post. It is to the very life : r
The Attorney General, now eighty c
rears of ago, and said to be more coin- a
>etent to the discharge of the arduous u
lutics of his honorable station, than al- o
nost any practitioner of experience, as ir
veil as a remarkable retention of men- w
al power, was managing a case in be- tl
alf of the commonwealth in Middlesex t(
0., where a man was indicted for gou- ii
- —-1
[No. 21.1
e i ging out the eyes of a girl, because she
it j had made oath that he was the father of
d | her illegitimate child. Her brother, an
<1 intelligent lad of 9 years of age, was on
I, the stand as a government witness, and
i- i his relation of the fact which he saw,
! Ponced an electrical effect on the whole
'*! aU( l , ence. The girl was also present in
total blindness, and every circumstance
’f j the investigation of this horri
u j I'le barbarity was highly exciting. The
a boy stated the preliminary circumstances,
1 und then said : ‘ I was cutting bean poles
o | behind the barn, and my sister milkinrr.
-SI heard her scream, and then I ran with
s ( a pole in my hand ; as I came up, I saw
-: that he had pulled her over, then he look
. cd over his shoulder to see who was com
r ; ing, and I struck him with a pole and
- j broke his jaw.’ ‘ Why did you not re
a peat the blow ?’ exclaimed the Attorney
- General carried away by the interest—
- ‘ why did you not repeat the blow, and
- knock his d d brains out ?’ *Mr
'» Attorney,’ said the Judge, ‘You well
Know that profanity in court is a hinh
f offence, and punishable by imprisonment,
I, but in consequence of the unusual ex
• citement of the case, it will in this in
e stance be overlooked.’
b Sacredness of Tears.— There is a
s Sflcr(; dness in tears; they are not the
s murk of weakness, but of power; thev
i, s P eak more eloquently than ten thousand
. tongues. They are the messengers of
overwhelming grief, of deep contrition,
b of unspeakable love. If there were
i wanting any argument to prove that man
| is not mortal, I would look for it in the
. strong convulsive emotion of the breast,
uhen the soui has been deeply agitated,
s when the fountains of feeling are rising,
- a, 'd "hen tears are gushing forth in crys
- lal streams. O, speak not harshly of
3 the stricken one, weeping in silence!—
r l^ reak n °l the deep solemnity by rude
j laughter or intrusive footsteps ! Dcspiso
not woman’s tears, they are what make
1 1 her a » »ngel. Scoff not if the stefn
31 heart of manhood iss sometimes melted I
s lo tears of sympathy; they are what
help to elevate him above the brute. 1
s lo vc to see tears of affection. They are
. painful tokens, but still most holy. There
, * s pleasure in tears—an awful pleasure !
j If there were none on earth to shed tears
, tur me, I should be loth to live; and if
3 no one might weep over my grave, I
. c ould never die in peace — Dr. Johnson.
1 Astonishing eject of Electricity in Cu
j ring Hysterical Locked Jau- The fol
, lowing account of the efficacy of this
| extraordinary remedy, we should do
’ j wrong in withholding, though it should
j never again prove elective. We have
the account from some friends who chan
ced to be present, and saw the patient
eating the first meal she had taken in
| i' ive /lays. She had been previously
nourished by drawing milk through the
apertures of the closed teeth, through
which the edge of a knife could be pass
ed with the greatest difficulty. The
’ young woman was thus affected in con
' sequence of having been exposed to cold
’ an d fatigue, and was completely recov
ed by the Electro Galvanic apparatus ap
plied to both angles of the jaw. The
machine had not made forty revolutions,
1 when the jaw opened to its full and nat
ural width. We learn that it has been
' successfully applied for many nervous
diseases of the eye; also in a case of
poisoning by laudanum, where two en
tire ounces had been swallowed. In
. this case the jratient was revived by the
i machine, and collapsed alternately, du
i ring five hours, the intervals becoming
! shorter, till speech was re-established.
Curvature of the spine has also yielded
to its power. Indeed, its proper appli
cation is as varied as diseases of gener
al debility and irregular nervous action.
—Exchange paper.
Love and Pride. —‘ Many a man has
seen his choice for a partner in life, in
the humble girl, far beneath him in the
opinion of the world, and although love
and pride might have struggled with him
for a while, yet pride triumphed, and ho
sought one from higher walks of life.—
In all the vicisitudes of social existence
nothing can be capable of inflicting more
certain misery than is sure to follow such
a course. It distracts the general har
mony of our days, misshapes the stature
of manhood, and is contrary to the plain
instruction of reason, for it declares that
where love is, there is peace, plenty and
thriftness. Every thing good is sure
to follow a happy union. Let no pride
interfere in this matter.’
I
WASHINGTONIAN
j TOTAL ABSTINENCE PLEDGE.
E, whose names are hereunto an
nexetl, (desirous of forming a Socictv for
our mutual benefit, ami to guard against
a pernicious practice, which is injurious
to our health, standing and families, do
'pledge ourselves as Gentlemen, not to
d nnk any Spirituous or Malt I.iquors
| nine or Cider.