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Officers Augusta W. T. A Society.
Dr. JOS. A. EVE, President.
Dr. DANIEL HOOK, >
Rev. WM. J. HARD, > Vice Presidents
HAWKINS HUFF, Esq. )
\VM. HAINES. Jr. Secretary.
L. D. LALLERSTEDT, Treasurer.
Managers :
James Harper, E. E. Scofield,
Rev. C. S. Dod, James Godby,
John Milledge, •
Physiology of the Cow.
It is well known that animals of the
same breed fed on the same food, will
yield milk not only in different quantities,
but also of very different quality. In re
gard to the form, Mr. Youatt states that
the “milch cow should have a long thin
head, with a brisk but placid eye—should
be thin and hollow in the neck, narrow in
the breast and point of the shoulder, and
altogether light in the fore-quarter—but
wide in the loins, with little dew-lap, and
neither too full fleshed along the chine,
nor showing in any part an inclination to
put on much fat. The udder should es
pecially be large, round, and full, with the
milk veins protruding, yet thin skinned,
hut not hanging loose or tending far he
hind. The teats should also stand square,
all pointing out at equal distances, and of
the same size, and although neither very
large nor thick towards the udder, yet
long and tapering towards a point. A
cow with a large head, a high back bone,
a small udder and teats, and drawn up in
the belly, will, beyond all doubt, be found
a bad milker.” Thus while much de
pends upon the breed, the form of the in
dividual also has much influeuce upon its
value as a milker.
But independent of form, the quality o r
the milk is greatly affected by the indi
vidual constitution of every cow we feed.
Thus in a report of the produce of butter
yielded bv each cow of a drove of 22,
chiefly of the Ayrshire breed, all of which
we may presume to have been selected
for dairy purposes, with equal regard to
their forms, and which were all fed upon
the same pastures in Lanarkshire, the
yield of milk and butter by four of the
cows in the same week, is given as fol
lows :
Milk. Butter.
A yielded 81 quarts, which gave 3 J lbs.
F and tt, each H(i “ “ “ 54 “
G yielded 88 “ “ “ 7 “
Showing, that though the breed, the food,
and the yield ofiniik were nearly the same
the cow G, produced twice as much as
the cow A, —or its milk was twice as
rich. This result would have been still
more interesting, had we known the re
lative quantities of grass consumed by
these two cows respectively. I will not
insist upon other causes by which the
quality of the milk is more or less mate
rially affected. It is said that when stall
fed, the same cow will yield more butter
than when pastured in the Held—that the
age of the pasture also influences the
yield of butter—and that salt mingled
with the food, improves both the quantity
and quality of the milk.
German method o f making Jlowers du
ring the winter. —We saw off such a
branch of any shrub as will answer our
purpose, and then lay it for an hour or
two in a running stream, if we can find j
one. The object of this is to get the ice
from the bark and soften the buds. It is
afterwards carried into our warm rooms
and fixed upright in a wooden bon or tub, j
containing water. Fresh burnt lime is j
then addec to the water, and allowed to .
remain in it about twelve hours, when it
is removed, and water added, with which
a small quantity of vitriol is mixed to pre
vent its purifying. In the course of some j
hours, the blossoms begin to make their :
appearance, and afterwards the leaves.
If more lime be added, the process is
quickened, while if it be not used at all,
the process is retarded and the leaves ap
pear before the blossom.
Home.
■
Here is a beautiful extract from the
“ President’s Daughter,” by the gifted
Swede, Miss Frederica Bremer. _ Who
can read it without having a sympathet
ic cord of their heart touched by her el- ;
oquent language ?— Southcrm Miscellany
“I have seen home in the cot on the j
sandy heath; I have seen it in the prince
ly castle, adorned by the arts; I have
seen it in the burgher’s simple and con
venient dwelling; and in each, where j
virtue and love united the bonds of fam
ily intercourse, there its genius, good
and guardian woman, stood watchful and !
active ; I saw everywhere here the same I
AUGUSTA WASHINGTONIAN.
A WEEKLY PAPER: DEVOTED TO TEMPERANCE, AGRICULTURE, & MISCELLANEOUS READIN
Vol. 111.]
j soft harmonies ! Riches and poverty
; made no difference.
“ Goodness and order, these heaven’s
j serving spirits upon earth, call forth ev
ery where the same peace and the same
I comfort. No bitter root has leave to
grow there. Where it would grow comes
! either a smile or a tear, and with these a
kind word to stifle it. Love watches
over the cradle of infancy—over the
rest of old age—over the well being and
comfort of each individual. In order to
be happy, man turns from the life of the i
world—home !
“The sorrowful heart finds comfort in
home, the disquieted peace ; the gay has
there his life's true element. Where do
you hear the agreeable joke, which only
excites to satisfy; where those glad
words full of tenderness and praise:
where that heartv laughter—those cries
of sincere enjoyment to which innocence
and goodnqss every day respond, and
which form every day life’s light, living
fire-works !—where do you perceiye them i
! all—these innumerable little pleasant.
I ness, which give the objects of life a
heightened beauty, if not within the vir
tuous and happy family ? And where, j
las there, do you find these self denying j
■ lives—these pure unsung sacrifices for
• each other’s well-being? that faithful 1
and hallowed love, which unites itself in
| this life, and lifts the soul to heaven ?
Where, if not there, do you find that
pure bliss which makes us dream some
times that Heaven has nothing more
beautiful to offer than earth ?
“ Pious spirits, when they speak of dy
ing speak of going ‘ home.’ Their long
ing for heaven is for them the same as
their longing for home. Jesus even
| shows us the dwelling of eternal bliss tin
! tier the image of a Home—of his ‘Fu
j ther’s house!’ ”
nWOSe£ULArtEOMr
j ~ ~
Look Ahead.
| Prospective population and destiny of
the Lnited States. —The following cal
culations, made up for Hunt’s Merchants’
Magazine, have a startling and pow
erful interest. To think that within a
century from this time the territory ot
the United States will contain a popula
tion oftAree hundred million, and that J
I less than fifty years it will contain a !
hundred millions, is indeed interesting,!
jand shows in a striking light the magni
tude of the responsibility of those who j
| have, and who shall hereafter have the ;
destinies of this mighty Republic in their j
hands. The calculations do not seem to j
j be extravagant, and are probably very !
' near the truth.
In 1840 the United States had a popu
i lation of 17,068,066. Allowing its future
increase to be at the rate of 30} per cent,
lor each succeeding period often years,
i we shall number, in 1940, 303,10i,C41.
Past experience warrants us to expect j
this increase. In 1790, our number was |
3,927,827. Supposing it to have in
creased each decade, in the ratio of 13}
| per cent, it would in 1840, have amount
ed to 16,560,256; being more than half
;a million less than our actual number, as
: shown by the census. With 300,000,000,
jwe sihould have less than 150 to the
square miles for our whole territory, and
: but 220 to the square mile for our organ
ized states and territories. England has
300 to the square mile. It does not,
then, seem probable that our progressive
! increase will be materially checked with
in the one hundred years under consid
eration. At the end of that period Can
ada will probably number at least 20,-
000,000. If we suppose the portion of
our country east and west of the Appala
chian chain of mountains, known as the
Atlantic slope, to possess at that time
40,000,000, or near five times its present
number, there will be left 260,000,000,
for the great central region between the
Appalachian and Rocky mountains, and
between the Gulf of Mexico and Canada,
and for the country west of Rocky moun
tains. Allowing the Oregon Territory j
10,000,000, there will be left 250,000,000
for that portion of the American States j
lying in the basis of the Mobile, Missis-!
sippi and St. Lawrence. If to these we
add 20,000,000 for Canada, we have
270,900,000 as the probable number that j
will inhabit the North American valley j
at the end of the one hundred years, com-i
mencing in 1840. If we suppose one
third, or 90,000,000 of this number to re
side in the country as cultivators and :
artisans, there will be 180,000,000 left j:
for the towns, enough to people 360, each :
containing half a million. This does not 1
AUGUSTA, GA. DECEMBER 14, 1544.
seem as incredible as that the valiev of
the Nile, scarcely 12 miles broad, should
hp.vc once, ns historians tell us, contained
j 20,000 cities.
But, lest one hundred years seem too
| long to be relied on, in a calculation hav
in'! so many elements, let us see how mat
ters will stand fifty years from IS4O, or
forty seven years from this time. The
ratio of increase we have adopted cannot
bo objected to as extravagant for this pe
riod. In 1890, according to that ratio,
i our number will be 72,000,000. Os these
22,000,000 will be a fair allowance for
the Atlantic slope. Os the remaining
50,000,000 2,000,000 may reside west of
: the Rocky mountains, leaving 48,000,000
J for the great valley within the States.
If to these we add 5,000,000 as the pop
ulation of Canada, we have an aggregate
of 53,000.000 for the North American
valley. One.third, or say 18,000,000,
I being set down as farming laborers and
j rural artisans, there will remain 35,000,-
| 000 tor the towns, which might he seven
ty in number, having, each half a million
of souls. It can scarcely he doubted that,
within the forty-seven years, our agricul
j ture will he so improved, as to requre less
j than one third to furnish food and raw
materials for the whole population.—
! Good judges have said that we are not
j now more than twenty or thirty years
behind England in our husbandry. It is
certain that we are rapidly adopting her
j improvements in this branch of industry ;
and it is no' to be doubted, that very
many new improvements will be brought
out, both in Europe and America, which
will tend to lessen the labor necessary
in the production of food and raw mate
rials.
Yeoman. —A writer in Blackwood’s
Magazine writes in the following strain :
“ Great, indeed is the task assigned to
woman. Who can elevate its dignity?
Not to make laws, not to lead armies,
not to govern empires, but to form those
by whom the laws are made, and armies
led, and empires governed ; to guard
from the slightest taint < f possible infir
mity the frail and yet spotless creature,
whose moral, no less than his physical be
| ing must he derived from her, to inspire
j those principles, to inculcate those doc
trines, to animate those sentiments which
I generations yet unborn, and nations yet
j uncivilized, shall learn to bless; to sos
; ten firmness into mercy, and chasten
j honor into refinement, generosity into
| virtue; by her soothing cares to allay
j tho anguish of the body, and tho far
; worse anguish of the mind; by her ten
jderness to disarm passion ; by her purity
i to triumph over sense, to cheer the schol
jar sinking under his toil; to console the
| statesman for the ingratitude of a mista
j ken people; to be the compensation for
! the hopes that are blighted, for friends
that are perfidious, fin - happiness that has
j passed away. Such is her vocation—
! the couch of the tortured sufferer, the
prison of the deserted friend, the cross of
a rejected Saviour ; these are the scenes
; of woman’s excellence, these are the the
atres on which her greatest triumphs
. have been achieved. Such is her desti
! ii)', to visit the forsaken, to attend to the
i neglected, when monarchs abandon,
i when councellors betray, when justice
persecutes, when brethren and disciples
[ fly, to remain unshaken and unchanged ;
and to exhibit on this lower world, a type
o r that love, pure, constant end ineffa
ble, which, in another world, we are
taught to believe the best of virtue.”
Important Alabama Decision.
A report of a very important decision
in relation to marriages decided in the
Supreme Court of this State, in the last
June term, appears in the Tuscaloosa;
Monitor of the 14th ult. The case was
an appeal from the Circuit Court of But
ler county, and the opinion was delivered |
by Chief Justice Collier. The question !
presented bv the record (says the Moni- j
tor) was whether such a conspiracy had
been proved as was punishable by law. j
Several persons combine to accomplish a
wicked purpose. They forged a marri
age license, showed it to the young lady
and her parents, as evidence of good faith
of the suitor ; and one of his associates j
falsely represented himself to be a justice j
of tlie peace authorized to perform the
rites of matrimony, whereupon consent |
was yielded, and tho usual ceremony was ;
repeated by the pretended magistrate.—
Afterwards, the cheat was detected, and 1
the parties to it was indicted for a con
spiracy. The only one found was tried
and convicted in the Circuit Court of
Butler. On points reserved as novel and
difficult, the Supreme Court has deliver
ed an opinion affirming the judgment be
low and indicated by the numerous au
i thorities cited, that marriage, being a
civil contract, is valid where the persons
united declare their intention to he hus
band and wife in a formal manner, in the
presence of witnesses, even though no
marriage license has been obtained, nor
the usual ceremony administered by an
unauthorized person. This will open the
eyes of those who sometimes in levity
; undergo a mock ceremonv of marriage.
From the New York Observer.
A Beautiful Incident.
dtlcssrs. Editors. —The following inci
| dent occurred a few weeks since in a vil
| lage of one, of one of the Southern
counties of our State. It was a warm
1 Sabbath afternoon, and the doors of the
j village church were thrown open to let
in the balmy air from the fields without.
The congregation had assembled, and
while the minister was reading the first
hymn a beautiful dove entered the door
| and came walking up tho main aisle,
j Such a visitor drew of course univer
sal attention. But as tho choir arose to
| sing, he seemed startled, and lifting him
jselfonhis wings, alighted on the stove
| pipe above him, where he sat bending his
glossy neck and turning his head to catch
| the harmony as it swelled through the
temple of God. Whether it was the
j chorus of voices or tho full-toned notes
of the organ that captivated him, I can
not tell; but he sat the perfect picture of
j earnest attention till the music ceased.
Waiting a moment as if to hear the
i strain commence again, ho started from
I his perch and sailed to the top of the or
igan, where he furled his pinion and sat
j and looked down on the audience. The
i young clergyman arose to pray. He is
1 distinguished for his earnest and fervour
of his invocation, and as he stood with
i his hands around the Bible which lay
: clasped before him, humbly beseeching
the Father of all good to send his Holy
Spirit down, that beautiful bird pitched
I from its resting place on the organ, and
I sailed down on level wing the whole
length of the church, perched on the Bi
ble directly between the hands of the
clergyman.
It was merely a natural occurrence,
but how beautiful the picture. There
stood the messenger of God with face to
ward heaven pleading for heaven’s bless
ings—the Bible before him, around which
his hands were reverently clasped, while
on it stood that beautiful and innocent
dove. Tlie three thus together formed a
group full of interest and symbolizing all
that is dear to man. The word of God
was before the people with God’s chosen
emblem upon it, and God’s herald clasp
ing them both as he prayed.
What wonder is it if a superstitious
| feeling ran through the house as the peo
; pie watched that dove—tlie emblem of
innocence and purity and the divine Spir
it itself—standing on tlie Bible and look
ing gently down on them. Beautiful
bird, it centred for a time the affections of
ail on it; and he who could have injured
it there, would have injured hundreds of
hearts at the same time. The pressure
of its liny feet was no sacrilege there,
for the expression of its soft eye was in
nocence and love.
The clergyman feeling the presence
of the bird, and fearing it might distract
the attention of his hearers, gently press
ed his hand over the Bible. The dove,
unstartled, merely hopped over it on the
cushion, where it sat till prayer was end
ed ; then rose and sailed away. In for- 1
mer times the dove would have been re
jgardedasa spiritual visitant from the
| unseen world, sent on a special mission
in answer to prayer, and awakened feel
: iogs of awe and reverence.
| To us it was only a natural but unusu
al occurrence, awakening simply the sen
timent of beauty. It was a new and ac
j cidenta! figure introduced suddenly into
ia picture, giving greater harmony and
perfection to what we deemed perfect bc
i lore. There was no religion in it; but
it was full of beauty. H.
Wit ia Choosing Texts.
A young preacher in the time of James
I being appointed to hold forth belbre
the Vice Chancellor and heads of colleges ,
of Oxford, chose for his text, “What, j
cannot we watch one hour ?” which car- ,
1 ried a personal allusion, as the Vico Chan
cellor happened to be one of those heavy
headed persons, who cannot attend <
church without falling asleep. The i
preacher repeating his text in an emphat- i
WASniXUTOJiIAX
TOTAL ABSTINEATE PLEDGE.
We, whose names are hereunto an
nexeif, desirous of farming a Society for
our mutual benefit, ami toguani against
a pernicious practice, which is injurious
to our health, standing anti families, do
pledge ourselves ns Gentlemen, not to
drink any Spirituous or Malt Liquors ,
[ kkine or Cider.
[Xo. 22.
ic manner, at the end of every division
of his discourse, the unfortunate Vice
Chancellor as often awoke, and this hap
pened so olten that at last all present
could see the joke. The Vice Chancellor
was nettled at the disturbance he had met
with, and the talk it occasioned, and he
complained to the Archbishop of Canter
hurj-, who immediately sent for the young
man to reprove him for what he had
done. In the course of the conference
" hich ensued between the Archbishop
and the preacher, the latter gave so
many proofs ot his wit and good sense,
that his grace procured him the honor of
! preaching before the king. Here also he
'had his joke; he gave out his text in
these words—“ James Ist & Oth, waver
no!,'' which of course every body present
i sa ' v he a stroke at the undecisive char
aoter of the monarch. Janies, equally
; quick sighted, exclaimed, “ 110 is at me
' already but he was upon the whole so
| well pleased with his clerical wag, as to
make him one ot his chaplains in ordi
nary. He afterwards went to Oxford,
and preached a farewell sermon on the
i text, “ Sleep on now, and take vour
j rest.” ; -
A Hi- markable Boy.
A remarkable instance of mental cal
culation is mentioned hv the Windsor
i Journal. It is stated that a lad named
i -Sallord, only eight years of age, will give
, the product of four figures by four, per
forming the operation mentally, nearly as
- quick as one can do it with n pen and
paper. lie has also multiplied five places
of figures by five, which was the extent
ot Zcrah Colburn’s power in his best
days. He will extract the square and
cube roots of numbers extending to nine
or ten places, performing the operation
quite rapidly in his head. The division
of numbers into their factors, is a favorite
amusement with him. Give him the
exact age of a person, and he will give
the number of seconds correctly.
How to get a Feather Bed. —“ln car
rying off even the small thing of a fea
ther bed. Jack Tate, the bold bugglar,
showed the skill of a high practitioner,
for he descended the stairs backwards.”
“Backwards!” said Larry Hogan, “whats
that for!” “ You’ll see by and by,” said
Groggins; “ho descended backwards,
when suddenly he heard the door open
ing, and a female voice exclaiming,
“ Where are you going with that bed ?”
“Ira going up stairs with it ma’am’’sai(l
Jack, whose backward position favored
his lie ; and he began to walk up with it
again. “Come down,” said the lady,
“we want no beds here, man.” “Mr.
Sullivan, ma’am, sent me home with it
himself,” said Jack, still mounting the
stairs. “Come down, I tell you,” said
the lady, in a great rage, “ there’s no Mr.
Sullivan lives here.” “ I beg your par
• don, ma’am,” said Jack, turning round,
and marching off with the bed, fair and
easy. Well, there was a regular shilloo
in the house when the thing was found
out. and cart ropes wouldn’t hold the la
dy for the rage she was in at being diddled
Lover's Handy Andy.
Belting on Elections. —Apropos of
betting, here is a specimen from a Mich
igan paper, which is the best bet on the
election we have seen. Some Yankee
girl is offering to bet on Polk’s election
with any respectable, good-looking young
man as follows: “ The stakes shall be
the parties; if Polk is elected, I win,
and marry the gentleman who bets a
gainst me; if he is not, the gentleman
wins and marries mo.”
Feasting a Compositor.
A letter from Hamburgh of the 14lh
October says: “Last Saturday all the
persons engaged on the daily journal, the
Correspondent Impartial da Hamburgh,
celebrated by a dinner the sixtieth anni- .
versary of the entry of one of the compos
itors, named Hein, on the paper. Du
ring that long period he had not missed
his work a single day. lie is now eighty
eight years of age, enjoys excellent
health, and does his work like a young
man. There were 220 persons present
at the dinner including all the employing
printers of the place. One of these gen
tiemen, M. Bodecker, sent 100 pine
apples, 400 lbs. of fine grapes, and an
immense quantity of flowers for the
feast.”
A father in Indiana lately hogged his
daughter to death ! The corrpner’s Jury
rendered this verdict, “Death occasioned
by tight lacing /”