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THE WASHINGTON! AH.
AUGUSTA, FUIiUARY Ist, 1815.
EDITORIAL CO.YLVII i' I’Eli.
Ret. W. T. B«*xn.vf|f Dr. D. Hook,
“ W. J. Hard, J«mes HARPB^'Esq.
“ C. S; Dod, I A. W. Noki.. Esg-
Qff- To Svß'CßUir.Bi. —Post Masters nn; an.
thorized by law to rtniit money to the publishers of
newspapers and periodicals in payment ol subscrip,
tions. Subscribers to the H r <r»M«?brm«» can therefore
pay for their papers without subjecting themseives or
the publisher tothoespense of postage, by handing the
amount to the Post Master, with a request to remit it.
The Heat Means.
The distinguished heathen philosopher
was asked for the best preventive of drun
kenness —he replied, “ keep constantly in
view the loathsome and indecent hehn
viourofsuch as nre intoxicated.” It is
supposed that the Lneo'’ emonians agreed
with this opinion ; henc, their custom of
exposing their drunken s! .ves to their
children. The advice would seem to be
such as would suit reasoning beings—yet
it fell below the exigencies of the case.
The honor of devising the best means
belongs to some reformed drunkards of
the 19th century —Total Abstinence—
how effectual in preventing intoxication !
In this as in other cases we see bow sim
ple and yet how effectual arc the plans
of wisdom. Keep the pledge of the
Washingtonian, and no man can be a
drunkard.
Simms* Monthly Magazine.
We briefly noticed this periodical in
our last, confining our remnrks to the
exterior of the work. We would call at
tention to it again. It is well stored will)
interesting matter, and deserves the pa
tronage of “the Southern and Western”
portion of our country, to whose benefit
it is specially devoted. The first article,
“Americanism in Literature,” is exceed
ingly spirited and well written. The
writer exhibits much sensitiveness because
our nuthors conform to British models—
Ho believes that we can never be truly
independent until wo have a literature of
our own. We had thought that our an
tthors generally had departed from the
chastity and simplicity of good English
writing—that their style, like our rivers,
was rather beyond English propriety, or
like our scenery rather wild and luxuri
ant. We supposed that its over luxuri
ance needed pruning, and though we
would not fashion our style after British
modes, we would have it conform to good
taste. We would not quarrel with any
author because his stylo was like that of
a distinguished Englishman, so that it
was proper. We give the following ex
tract, as a specimen of this interesting
article.
“ Mere political security—the fact that
we drink freely of the air around us. and
at our own choosing partake of the fruits
of the earth—is not enough,—constitutes
but a small portion of the triumphs, and
the objects of a rational nature. Nay,
even political security is temporary, al
ways inferior, if not wholly uncertain,
unless it be firmly based upon the certain
and constant vigilance of the intellectual
moral. A nation, properly to boast it
self, and take and maintain its relation
with other States, must prove itself in
possession of selficvolving attributes. Its
character must be as individual as that of
the noblest citizen that dwells within its
limits. It must do its own thinking as
well as its own fighting, for, as truly as
all history has shown that the people who
rely for their defence in battle upon for
eign mercenaries inevitably become their
prey, so that nation foils a victim to that
genius of another, to which she passively
defers. She must make, and not borrow
or beg her laws. Her institutions must
grow out of her own condition and neces
sities, and not be arbitrarily framed upon
those of other countries. Her poets and
artists, to feel her wants, her hopes, her
triumphs, must be sprung from the soil,
and ardently devoted to its claims. To
live, in fact, and secure the freedom of
her children, a nation must live through
them, in them, and bv them,—by the
strength of their arms, the purity of their
morals, the vigor of their industry, and
the wisdom of their minds. These are
the essentials of a great nation, and no
one of these qualities is perfectly avail
able without the co operation of the rest.
And as we adapt our warfare to the pe-
culiarities of the Country, and our indus
try to our climate, our resources and our
soil, so the operations of the national
mind must be suited toour characteristics.
The genius of our people is required to
declare itself after a fashion of its own
must be influenced by its slfles, and by
those natural objects which familiarly
address themselves to the senses from
boyhood, and colour the fancies and urge
the thoughts, and shape the growing as
sections of the child to a something kin
dred with the things which ho beholds.
■ Meeting of i itlzeus.
We attended the meeting of citizens
on last Saturday evening. His Honor
. the Mayor was called to the Chair, and
;j Col. Ilenry Cumrning appointed Secre
’• tary. The various committees made
£ verbal and imperfect Reports, in conse
quence of the want of information about
the right of way for the canal. Dr.
P Garvin, chairman of the committee char
. ged with this matter, reported that Mes
, srs. Coleman, 11. Cumrning, and Meigs,
. conceded the right of way without cost.
3 The announcement of this generosity
I and public spirit was received with ear
s nest applause. Since the meeting, M«?s
--r srs. Henry and B. Warren, we are infor
; med, have likewise generously proffered
t the privilege of way without charge.—
, May we not indulge the hope that other
i gentlemen who have not yet been heard
f from, will do so likewise ?
A communication from Mr. J. Edgar,
I Thompson was then read before the meet- j
- ing. Mr. T. estimates the cost of the
\ canal at seventy-five thousand dollars.
! This is the maximum price. Ho slates
l his preference for water power. There
was an additional committee appointed,
who are charged with the comparative
merits of steam and water power.
1 After this, the Hon. J. P. King was
! called for. He mndc an address fraught
with good sense and good feeling. He
1 showed that in the production of manu
' features we could not be surpassed in fa
cilities—lst. We had a good market for
the purchase of cotton. 2d. Labor was
’ cheap—strikes for high wages could be
prevented, by the introduction of slave
labor. 3d. The price of living was low,
! and from tho circumstances of the case,
must continue to be so. For the disposal
1 of manufactures we were highly favor
ed. We can command two seaports.
We will soon be connected with the far
3 West by our rail-road.
1 The Judge remarked, that tho demand
’ for the coarse cotton fabres was increas
" ing, and must still continue to increase.
That somebody must supply it, and that
nobody could tfo it cheaper than ourselves.
3 He would go into manufacturing “ with
out caring for protection and in defiance
of competition .”
In alluding to tho differences among
the citizens in reference to some matters
1 of moment, scch as taxing real estate for
the purpose of enabling council to cut
> the canal—the terminus of the canal,
&c., he exhibited a spirit of conciliation
j which must go far towards harmonizing
( the conflicting views of citizens. Indeed
j since the adjournment, wo understand
I that the parties are approximating to
i \vard9 harmony; and it is believed that
very soon, all differences will terminate
in hearty efforts to build up factories.—
| m m 1
I There is but one opinion about the pro.
. priety of engaging in manufactures.—
i Independent of the profits to be derived
1 from an investment of capital in this
j. business—all classes of our citizens, but
. particularly the owners of real estate,
, are deeply interested in the success of
i the contemplated enterprise. The pros
• perity of our city must be revived bv
lh : s plan, if adopted; othervvi.se it must
continue to decline, until its limits shall
be narrowed to those of an up-country
village. ""
° • « . y ' l
There is a spirit of«calm determina
tion which augurs success. There is no
enthusiasm ; but there is an abiding im
. pression on the minds of our citizens of
the importance of the enterprise, and of
i its success. Augusta will doubtless in
lime, be the Lowell of the South.
Drinking and Defalcation. —McNul-
ty, the late Clerk of the House of Rep
resenfalives, a defaulter to the’amount
of about 840,000, was arrested at a
drinking house in Washington on Sun
day last, and committed to prison. De
falcation and drinking will generally be
found in company.—JV. F. Organ.
For the Washingtonian.
• Messrs. Editors. —The improvement
of the morals of the community forms
the chief object of your editorial labors,
and indeed it is a work of no ordinary
character; for on it depends the welfare
of the country. ‘ A very effectual way
to bring about that state of things so ear
nestly desired, is the multiplication of
those mental enjoyments that keep the
mind employed, and inspire with an as
spiration after higher and more elevated
! attainments.
;
Many of the young men of the city
when done with the labors of the day—
for the want of some thing better to do,
seek compnny to while away the even
ing hours, that hang heavily on their
hands. The most ready place to find
that company is at the bar-room, where
they can indulge themselves over a friend- j
!y glass, and join in a sociable game, j
The repetition of this course forms a
habit not easily overcome, and naturally
throws them into that society that lessens
the restraints that virtue and morality im
pose, and accelerates their progress in j
sin and dissipation. This is why our j
city is infested night after night with !
that spirit of rowdeism, that disgraces j
and corrupts it—our streets made the
theatre of so much debauchery—and so
many who are decent and orderly du
ring the day, cut up such fantastic tricks
at night. They must have something to
give employment to their minds, that they
have made too imbecile to reflect—and
too indolent to study ; and to amuse their
fine and well-matched associates, that
hang with such exquisite delight on the
sport of their superlative rum prompted
wit, and the inveiglement practiced upon
green-horns. Lamentable as this state
of things is, we need not promise our
selves any thing belter, until something i
more interesting shall engage their at- j
tention, and occupy that time now idly
squandered away.
There are many means that might he
recommended, which if embraced and
improved, would furnish resources for
entertainment higher in their character, |
purer in their designs, and more benefi
cial in their results. I would recommend
the Franklin Literary Society as a mean
productive of much good, if attended to.
It instructs and disciplines the mind, a
wakens thought and gives that facility and
ease of expression that is so desirable in
private intercourse, and almost j
ble in public declamation. This Society j
has been in existence for four years, and
although subject to frequent reverses, has
through the indomitable perseverance of
its members, maintained an unbroken
existence. It meets weekly, and dis
cusses some subject previously selected. '
It has a reader who receives and reads
essays prepared for tho occasion, and is
governed by rules and regulations com- j
mon to deliberative assemblies. The ben- j
efits resulting from such an association
are various. The members are made fa
miliar with the rules that regulate delib
erative bodies. The subject for discussion
forms a theme for thought and rcflec-;
tion, by which the mind is trained; and
it is said that “genius is thought, is stu
dy, is applicationif it be historical,;
it furnishes an inducement to search the
records of history, by which facts are
evoked and brought to view, which other
wise would remain hidden with the past; j
if it be practical it makes tne mind fix
miliar with all the inventions and im
provements that have originated and are
in active operation in the country; if it i
be political, it turns attention to the va
rious topics of governmental policy that
are advocated and opposed, by the most
learned and distinguished men ; and if
it be religious, it presents a theme for
contemplation, heavenly in its origin, i
universal in the benevolence of its ac
tion", vital in the enforcement of its ohli- j
gation, and eternal in the range of its
existence, and its decisions upon des
tiny : these ail combined, fhYnish the ;
mind with an amount of information'
which cannot be obtained in the ordina
ry, and prepares it in some sort for all the
exigencies in life. It would be gratify
ing indeed, if the young men of our city
could be induced to spend some of
their leisure hours at, and in preparation
for the Franklin Literary Society,-that
they now squander away amid the fumes
of the bar-room, and the entertainment
of the gaming table. Vkhjttas.
From the Southern Miscellany.
STATIONS
Os the Preachers of the Georgia Annual Con
ference.
Savannah Dstrict— John C. Simmons, p. e.
; Savannah—Caleb W. Key.
Springfield—Edwin White, John S. Dunn.
1 Bulloch —Vardy H- Shelton.
Hinesville—Willis Hall, Henry H. M'Gtucen.
i Daricn-~Jackson P. Turner.
| Telfair—John Jones.
■><—
Lower Burke Mission ? . , _
to people ,d Color, 5 Jolln W Farmer.
to people of Color, jJ JM. Mapp.
Jefferson Mission to f „ -in,, .
people of Color | Blalock.
AuGCSfA District—George F. Pierce, P. E.
Augusta —Josiah Lewis.
1 Columbia-—William H.Evans.
! Lin coin ton—L. C. Peak.
I Washington—E. H Myers,
i Wilkes—James Jones.
Louisville— iebard R. Rushing.
Waynesboro—i .D. Purify, J. B. C. duillain.
Warrenton—Wesley P. Arnold.
! Sandersville—W. Graham, John Marshall.
Sparta—A. T. Mann, W. J. Sarsnett, Sup’v.
Athens District—John W. Glenn, p. e.
Covington and Monroe—James B. Payne. C.
R. Jewett
Oxford—James B. Jackson.
Watkinsvdle—John W. Knight, George H.
Hancock
Elbcrtnn— Rich’d Lane, Nathan’l N. Allen.
Vladisun—John W. Talley.
Lawrenceville—Robert Stripling, Thomas Fowl
er.
Carnsville—James Cluillain. A. G Banks.
Grrenesboro’—Wilham M. Crumby.
Clafkesvillo—Eli Bennet, Walter Knox.
Kingston Mission to i To be s 0 (, p | it .j.
people of Color, { 1 r
] A. B. Longstreet, Pres’t.
Emory Colledgc > Geo. W. Lane, ) ~
)A. Means, \ Professors.
Macon District—lsaac Boring, p. e.
Macon—Samuel Anthony.
Millcilgevilie— Joshua Knowles.
Clinton—George Bright.
Eitonton --John P. Duncan, W. R. Branham.
Forsyth—lvev F. Steagall.
(Jullnden- - Wingfield W. Robinson.
Twiggs and Wdkerson--Daniel Kelsey, Ste
phen H. Conner.
M on l ice 110 W il lia m Foster.
Hawkisntvilie—To be supplied.
Perry— S. M Smith, William D. Bussey.
Fort Va lcv Mission lo ) „ ,
people of Color, $ Thoß - C. Coleman.
Ocmulgee Mission to 1 „ , T
people of Color, \ FmL D Lowr,e -
Pcninlc | tt tt , i! % n ♦.
College. \ Wm ' “• Elllsun - Prcß *•
Cut.umbcs District—l hoinas Samford, p. t.
Columbus- -James E. Evans.
Lumpkin- JamesS. Lane, And’w Neese.
Outlibert and Fort Gaines—Joseph T. Talley,
William li. Crawford.
Starkesvillo— William E. Adams.
Tazewell and Ainericus—Jacob D. Danforth.
Ritchard Menifee.
Muscogee—Charles L. Hays.
I'alhotton— W ilium D. Martin.
Thomaston—Benjamin W. Clark.
Harris and Talbot—Jamcison Scaif, Robert M.
Carter.
Chattahoochie Mission ) . ,_ _
to people of Color, ( Josr P h T - Turner.
LaGuange District— W. D Mathews, v. r..
LaGrang James A. Wiggins.
Troup—Noah Smith. Alfred Dorman.
Greenville—J. P. Dickerson, John Wardlaw.
Franklin—Jacob B. Hogue.
Carrolton— Robert A. Johnson.
Mew nan—A. Pennington, Morgan Bellah.
Grifiin—Miller H. VV hitc, Win. A. Smith.
McDonough—Claiborn Trussell, Jesse W. Car
roll.
Decatur—Osborn L. Smith.
Cherokee District—Russell Reneau, p. e.
Marietta —W. A. Florence, G. T. Thompson.
Cassville— Robert J. Cowart, \\ m. J. Cotton, j
Summerville and La Fayette—H. C. Pitch ford;
one to be supplied.
Spring Place—Andrew J. Reynolds.
Newton—William H. Hickey.
Ellijah—David Crcnsiiaw.
Blairsvihe and Murphy—Anthony C. Bruner;
one to he supplied.
Dahlonegah—Aiken N. Ross ; one to be sup
plied.
Clayton Mission—To be supplied.
Dade Mission—Freeeman F. Reynolds.
Lovick Pierce, Agent for the American Bible I
Society.
John W. Yarborough, Augustus D. Russell, j
James Harris, John C. C Ley, George W. Pratt
James M. M. Lowe, Reuben A. Griffin, and I
George Clarke, transferred to Florida Confer
ence.
Delegates to Louisville Convention.
William J. Parks. Samuel Anthony,
Lovick Pierce, » Thomas Samford,
George F. Pierce, Ignatius A. Few.
John W. Glenn, A. K. Longstreet,
James E. Evans, Isaac Boling.
• --
As Manufactories are now engaging
the minds of our fellow citizens, we would
call attention to the following article from
the New Y ork Courier & Enquirer:
American Manufactures.
A large meeting was held at Man-1
! Chester on the 17th to urge upon the Gov
ernment the remission of the duty on
| Cotton. The Mayor presided and the
principal speech was made by Mr. R. H.
Greg, late M. P. from Manchester.—
After speaking of the amount of the tax,
amounting to £600,000 a year on the j
consumption of the country, and of other j
circumstances which made its remission
exceedingly desirable, he directed special!
attention to the nature and extent of the
competition lo which English mamtfac- j
lures were exposed from the United States, !
which they had to fear, far mere exten- j
sively and’iramediately than from any
other quarter. His remarks on this sub-1
ject were entirely too long for us to copy
this morning;—hut their interest and im
portance lead us to present an abstract
of his statements. The United States,
he said, had every advantage in having
the raw material on the spot, and in hav
ing to pay no duty, and the cost of freight
and insurance of cotton to Boston and
other port of the Atlantic was just half
of what it cost to bring it to Liverpool.
The entire advantage enjoyed by the
American manufacturer in the matter of
freight, insurance and duty amounted to
13$ per cent, on cotton at 7d. a pound.
In the minute, and he believed perfectly
accurate statement of the Glasgow me
morial, it was put much higher, on cotton
at 3d. a pound showing an advantage of
25 per cent., and on the other which cost
2sd. per lb. not less than 36 per cent, to
the American manufacturer over the
English manufacturer who had to com
pete with him. This advantage amount
ed, in round figures, to about |d. per lb.
on the average of cotton; and adding to
that the great advantages which the
Americans possessed in their moving
power, water power being almost unlimit
ed, and costing 25 per ct. only of what
British steam power costs, and a little
further advantage which they had in the
flour for their sizing, it amounted, he
said, to a clear advantage of Id. per lb.
on all the cotton consumed, or 10 per
cent, on the bulk of the coarse goods, and
15 per cent, on coarse yarns.
After these estimates, Mr. Greg pro
ceeded to say:—
“ With these immense advantages,
could any one wonder at the rapid in
crease of American manufactures, or
that they should supply all their own con
sumption: for we must not suppose that
English goods has been excluded from
the American market by their high tar
iff, for coarse goods had been long, long
excluded, by the very low price at which
they were produced by the Americans
themselves. In 1823 the entire manu
factures of America amounted only to
1,703 packages; the valuation was not
given; in 1827 to 2.494 packages; in
1830 to 5,300 ;in 1833 to 13,207. Sub
sequently the value of the manufactured
produce was given in dollars. In 1634
r amounted to §2,085,000, n considerable
increase over the preceding vear; in 1835
to §2 850,000 ; in 1838 to ’§3.758,000 ;
in 1839 to $2,975 000 ;in 1810 to $3.-
549,000; in 1841 to $3,122,000 ; in 1842
to $4 500.000; and for 1843 the esti
mate in Messrs. Jones, Gibson & Ord s
circular was between SO.OOOOOO and
$1,000,000. It was also known that in
1843 one half of the exports to China
had consisted of American domestics—
that is to sav, the export to China of
American domestics was equal to one
half the entire shipments from Europe
and America. (Hear) In the circular
he had just referred to, of the date of
September, 1843, under the head of “do
mestics,” it was observed, “ This article
is interfered and successfully competed
with in all foreign markets by the Amer
ican manufactures, and will, we have
reason to believe, ere long be entirely
superceded bv them.” Such were their
prospects in the opinion of one of the
most intelligent houses in this town, who
had very extensive connexions in every
part of the world. But to establish more
completely this very important point,
whether they were or were not to be
beaten by their rivals in America, he
would read some extracts from letters
from the Indian and South American mar
kets.
From Buenos Ayres, Messrs. John
Anderson & Co. wrote, in March, 1844
“ Having had establishments on the Riv
er Platt both at Montevideo and Buenos
Ayres, for she sale of British manufac
tures for the last 25 years, we have bad
! opportunities of knowing that there were
large imports into these markets of cot
ton goods manufactured in the United
Slates; and, if such competition sbal'l
continue as it has done for the last few
years, it will almost compel us to decline
receiving consignments of goods made
in the country, particularly of coarse do
mestics.”
*• Then, on the opposite side of Amer
ica, from Valparaiso and Lima, Messrs.
Gambling, Brothers & Co. reported, that
the competition of the American manu
factures on the west side of Sonth A
merica was increasing, and would be
come more active as the skill of the
American weavers increased; while in
the China market which had lately drawn
all its supplies of yarn from Great Bri
tain, large quantities of these goods were
sent from the United States. There was
also very important evidence on this
point from the house of Graham & Co.
of Glasgow, who had dealt in these ar-
I tides in almost every part of the known
world, and who stated that they had been
obliged to abridge their consignments to
asl v jhese markets, compared with what
they had sent in former years. The ac
counts from Manilla,,China, the West
Indies and Canada, were all to the same
tenor, describing the American goods a-S
uniformly gaining ground ini the markets.