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Officers Augusta VV. T. A Society.
Dr. DANIEL HOOK, President.
Rev. VVM. J. HARD, J
“ C. S. DOD. > Vice Presidents
HAWKINS HOFF, Esq. )
WM. HAINES, Jr. Secretary.
L. D. LALLERSTED T, Treasurer.
TiKii \FAumme, _
Mow to raise Turkeys.
We believe it is common among far
mers to sav that a turkey’s head costs
twice as much as its body is worth when
fattened. This we do not believe to be
true, if he is properly managed; but on
the contrary, we believe that nothing can
be raised and turned to so great a profit.
But turkeys must have care—especially
when young; but this care will not en
trench on the business of the farmer, as
it may be done by the females or the
young in the family.
Before giving our rules to be observed
in raising turkeys, let us draw a com
parison. There are but few farmers
who cannot raise 100 turkeys—this num
her will weigh, in December, when fat
tened, upon an average, seven and a half
pounds each, full dressed. Wo sav full
dressed, for it is the practice in some pla
ces to divest the turkey of nothing hut
its head and feathers, and then take it to
market —a practice as uncivilized as it is
disgusting. These hundred turkeys then,
will weigh 750 lbs., which in market are
equal to 1,500 lbs. of pork. [The wri
ter refers particularly to New Jersey : all
his statements will not apply to New
England. But if the male turkeys are
kept until February or March, they will
not only increase in weight, twice the a
mount of their feed, hut the price in
market will be much higher.
We will now give the rules to bo ob
served in raising and fattening them,
founded wholly on our experience. Tur
keys intended for breeders, must be kept
well during the winter. If got in good
condition in December, it takes but little
to keep them so. Their nests for laying
must be made with hay or oat straw, un
der cover, and he well protected from
the weather, and from vermin. When
incubation commences, the turkey must
not be disturbed, and if she does not
come from her nest for food and water,
she must have these placed by her.—
When the young turkeysare hatched,they
may be allowed to remain one day on the
nest, or if removed, let them be sheltered
jo a warm place, and have plenty ofstraw
to sit upon, for they arc extremely liable
to take cold. The second day, feed
them with curds, or warm clabbered
milk, mixed with a little Indian or barley
meal. They must be kept up and fed
in this way for two or three days, and
longer if the weather should be cold or
rainv, but as soon as a warm and pleasant
day comes, let them out at nine or ten
o’clock, and shut them up at four—and
this practice must be followed for 5 or 6
weeks, and op no account let them go wet.
At the age of six or eight weeks, (he
turkey is more hardy, but still should
not be exposed to rains or the damp
nights, for a few weeks longer. If the
farmer has a plot of grass, lot him en
close a yard with a high fence, and crop
the wings of the old turkeys, and con
tinue to feed the young with clabbered
milk, and whatever else comes from the
kitchen, such as broken bread, potatoes,
and the like. If ho has a clover field,
as soon as it is mown, let them run on
it, and they will live on young clover.
as soon as the crops arc off the
ground, say in August or September, let
them range on the farm, but see to it that
they come to their roosting place every
night, and have water.
In December, the turkeys will be fit
to fatten, and for this purpose select as
many as you please, and shut them up;
then take to the mill a few bushels of In
dian corn, in the ear, and have it ground ;
then boil potatoes, and mix the meal with
scalding water and potatoes in a tub—
say in the proportion of one bushel of po
tatoes to one peck or more of meal, and
stir them well together, then let it cool,
but give it to the turkeys as warm as
they will bear it, and as much as they
will cat, and in two weeks and a half,
they will be fat enough for the market,
and for an alderman’s dinner.
We do not take this from books, but
from several year’s experience. We
kept an exact account of the expense of
raising and fattening a flock, and at the
the rate of ten cents a pound, full dress,
od, wo received for them 872, while their
cost, exclusive of sour milk, was less
than 810.— Nsv Jersey Jour..
AUGUSTA WASHINGTONIAN.
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,A WEEKLY PAPER; DEVOTED TO TEMPERANCE, AGRICULTURE, & MISCELLANEOUS READINGS.
I
' *-■ ' ='
Vol. III.]
Learning Steers to Back.
The following appeared in the Maine
Farmer several years ago, with the sig
nature of “ A Teamster
“ I have observed that very little at
tention is paid by our farmers to learn
their steers to back; but as they become
able to draw a load forward, they are of
ten unmercifully beaten on the head and
face, because they will not hack as large {
a load, the drivers forgetting that much j
pains have been taken to learn them to \
draw well forward, but none to push *
backward. To remedy the occasion of
this beating anS trouble, as soon as I
have learned my steers to be handy, as it
is called, and to draw forward, I place
them on a cart where the land is descend
ing in a small degree. In this situation
they will soon learn with ease to hack
it; then I place them on a level land,
and exercise them there; then I learn
them to hack a cart up land a little rising;
the cart having no load in it thus far. —
When I have learned them to stand up
to the tongue as they ought, and back an
empty cart, I next either put a small
weight in the cart, or take them where
the land rises faster, which answers the
same purpose. Thus in a few days they
can be learned to back well, and know
how to do it, which by a little use after
wards, they will never* forget. This
may appear of little consequence to
some, hut when it is remembered how
frequently we want to back a load, and
how commodious it often is to have cat
tle back well, why should we not learn
them for the time when we want them to
act. Besides, it saves the blows and
vexation. I never consider a pair of ox
en well broke until they will back with
ease any reasonable load, and I would
give a very considerable sum more for a
yoke of oxen thus tutored, than for those
that were not.”
Learning Oxen to pull together.—Ox
en sometimes contract a bad habit of
pulling or hauling against each other;
and sometimes crowd each other so as to
render them almost entirely useless as la
borers. It is said that by turning them
out to feed in the yoke, they will learn to
move in concert, and thus be broken of
the habits of pulling and crowding.
If a yoke of oxen were fastened to a
heavy loaded sled or drag, placed in a
pasture, and the oxen secured in such a
manner that they could not cast or in
jure themselves, and the load so heavy
that they must act in concert to move it,
they would soon learn to pull together,
and be true to the yoke. Having eaten
the grass within reach of their first lo
cation, they would of necessity unite
their efforts to remove their load to a fresh
spot, and would adopt for their motto—
United we feed —divided we starve. —
Complete Farmer.
Cherries without Stones.
The Parisian correspondent of the N.
Y. “Courier des Etats Unis,” mentions
a new discovery of away to produce
cherries without stones. Early in the
spring,, before the sap is in full flow, a
young tree is divided in two down to the
branching olf of the roofs, the pith care
fully removed by a wooden spatula, the
parts again united, and bound together
by woollen cords, and potter’s clay ap
plied the whole length of the opening,
for the purpose of excluding the air.—
The sap soon unites the several parts,
and in two years the tree will produce
cherries of the best kind, and having in
their centre, instead of the usual kernel,
a thin, soft pellicle.”
[lf any one is inclined to test the a
bove, we advise them to take a tree which
is not very valuable.
From the Boston Olive Branch.
Steam Power Superseded.
A,scientific correspondent of a Lon
don paper gives the following hint at a
new discovery, which if it be proved, will
certainly rank as the cheapest invention
of this wonder-working age, and of the
result of which it may be hoped we shall
hear very shortly:
For centuries upon centuries, til! with
in our own days, water, as the origin of
motive power, has had the supremacy over
steam. For the last 40 or 50 years
steam has been making rapid strides to
wards the complete subjugation of water;
but, like all unnatural or forced opera
tions, its victory appears near its end, the
I power of water once more assutnes its
AUGUSTA, GA. MAY 17, 1845.
wonted superiority, and eclipses once
more and forever the power or steam.
No one can be surprised at this who
reflects that while the power or laws of
matter arc innate or adherent, the power
of steam, is only acquired, and may be
said to be artificial or unnatural, being
forced by the ingenuity of man into that
state upon which its power entirely de
pends.
We have been led into these remarks
by the circumstance of having been fa
vored with the inspection of an invention
for which a patent lias lately been taken
out; and if we may be permitted to judge
of it from the opinions of some of our
leading scientific men, who have investi
gated it, and who declare that ‘they can
not. however astounding its effects, see
any error or fallacy in it, or any reason
why it should not answer,’ we must lodk !
upon its success as certain.
But what inspires us with even more
confidence is, that while the structure of
the new invention is so extremely simple
that a child may comprehend it, it does
not violate any one law' in natural philos
ophy. Moreover, the inventor (a profess
ional gentleman) is a man of scientific
acquirements, well acquainted with na
ture’s laws, and perfectly aware of the
various inventions and the causes of their
failure, which have of late years been de
vised for the purpose of superseding
steam, whether by condensed air, water
power, mechanical contrivances, elec
tricity, &c. He does not, he says pre
tend to have created power: this, he
properly observes, is impossible, but lias
merely availed himself of those laws or
properties with which tho Creator has
endowed matter, and by a combination of
the same to make them subservient to the
use of man.
The fundamental principles upon which
the new engine is founded is precisely
simi.ar to that of the hydraulic press, the
power of which every one knows can only
he limited by the strength of the materi
als of which it is made. But what has
hitherto rendered the hychuulic press in
aplieable to the production of motive
power, is that just in proportion as the
power is gained speed is lost, and vice
versi. In tho present invention, bow
ever, unlimited power is gained without
the loss of speed, the piston of the large
cylinder travelling at each stroke, with the
powjr gained, just the same distance as
the piston of the lesser cylinder. This
power and this speed which are in inverse
ratio of each other, appear by this most
important invention (however paradoxi
cal) actually combined.
We arc not nt liberty tc give the public
a more particular account of the nature
of this invention than the words of the
title of the patent—‘The Hydro-Mechanic
Apparatus, which by a combination of
hydraulic and mechanical properties on
well known scientific principles, is intend
ed to supersede the use of fire and steam
in working and propelling all kinds of
machinery and engines’—thus affecting
an enormous saving, an! avoiding tho
imhent danger arising from the explosive
nature of steam.
I: may well be asked, where will hu
man ingenuity end ?
A Good Witness.
Major Kelly, of the “Louisianna
Chronicle*,” publishes tho following good
’un, which we start on tin round of the
press throughout Yankee foodledom ;
Lawyers allege that here are four
classes of witnesses—thisc who prove
too much, those who prove too little, those
of t totally negative char: cter, and those
of no character at all, "ho will prove
anything. We have a cise in point.
Far, very far away fre n the tall blue
mountains, at a little plae calle.d Sodom,
there were upon a time iree neighbors
called in as arbitrators t settle a point
relative to some stolen ciickens, in dis
pute between one Lot Corson and a
“hard case” called Emamel Allen, bet
ter known thereabout as King of the
Marsh.
“Mister Constable,” siid one of the
demijudicials, “now call ts s principal wit
ness.”
* Lanty Oliphant! Lan v Olip-h-a-n-t!’
bawled Dogberry. “Msy in and be
swore.”
In obedience to this ummons, little
Lanty, whose bottle ha I usurped the
place in his affections commonly assign
ed to soap and water, wad led up and was
qualified, deprecating by i look the ne
cessity of such a useles ceremony e
mong gentlemen.
f “Mister Oliphant, you re now swore.
Do you know the value of an oath ?”
asked the senior of the board.
“Doesn’t I!” rejoined Lanty, with a
wink at a bystander. “Four bushels
weight of wheat, the old score wiped off,
and liker for the hul day throw’d in.”
This matter of fact answer met a se
vere frown from the man with tho red
ribbon round his hat.
“ Well, Mister Oliphant,” continued
tho senior, “tell all you know about this
here case. Bill M -k, shoo vour dog
off that d—d old sow.”
Lanty here testified. “Feelin a sort
of outish t’other day,,ses Ito the old wo
man, scsl, I’ll jist jvalkoverto Lot’s and
take a nipper or two this mornin’ ses I.
It’ll take the wind off my stomach sorter,
ses I. Then the old woman’s feathers
riz, they did, like a pprkypine’s bristles,
and ses she, Lanty, ses she, if you’d
on’y airn more bread and meat, and
drink loss whiskey you wouldn’t have
wind on vour stomach. Suse. ses I,
this is one of my reserved rights, and
goes agin homo industsy ses I, sort o’
laughin’ out o’ tho wrong side o’ my
mouth. ‘ Resarved rights or desarved
wrongs,’ ses her, ‘you’re always a drink
in’ and talkin politics when you orter be
at work, and there’s never nothin’ to
eat in the house.’ Well, as I was goin’
over to Lot’s jist foment where the fence
teas, ses I to myself, ses I, if there isn’t
the old King’s critters in my corn field,
so I’ll jist go and tell him on’t. When
I gets there, good mornin’, Lanty, ses
he. Good mornin’, old hoss, ses I, and
when I went in, there was a pot on the
fire and cookin’, with a great higspeck
led rooster in it.”
“ Mister Oliphat!” here interposed one
of the arbitrators. “Remember that
you are on oath. How do you know that
the chicken in the pot was ‘a big speck
led rooster?’ ”
“Kase I seed the feathers at the wood
pile!” promptly responded Lanty. who
then continued. “ When, when I gits
to Lot’s, good mornin’ Lot, ses I. Good
mornin’, Lanty, say 3 he. You didn’t
see nothin’ no where of nara big speck
led rooster that didn’t belong to nobody,
did you? ses he. Did’nt I? ses I.—
Come, Lanty, ses he, let’s take a nipper,
ses he ; and tiicn I up and tells him all
about it.”
“ Had Mr. Allen no chickens of his
own,” asked the senior.
“Certain,” rejoined Lantv; “hut
there wan’t a rooster in the crowd. They
was all fayin’ hens!”
“ Well,” inquired another of the re
ferees, “ how manv of there hens had
Mr. Allen ?”
This question fairly “stump’d” Lanty
for a moment, but he quickly answered:
“ Why, with what was there, and
wasn’t there, eountin little and big,
spring chickens and all, there was forty
odd, exactly !”
No further questions were put to this
witness!
Speech of Lot Doolittle, L'sq.,
Member of the Legislature from New
Jerusalem, Huckleburv County, Var
inount, on the bill for the protection of
Men Roosts.
Mistur Speaker—l’ve set here in my
seat, and heered the opponents of this
great nashunal measure argify and ex
pectorate agin it, till I’m purty nigh
busted with the indignant commotions
of my lacerated sensibilities. Mr. Speak
er, I blush to say that I am. Mr. Speak
er, allow me to picture to your excited
and denuded imagination, some of the
heart rending evils which rise from the
want of purtection to Hen Roosts in my
vicinity, among my constituents. Mr.
Speaker, we will suppose it to be the aw
ful and melancholy hour of midnight—
all natur am hushed in repose—the sol
emn wind softly moans through tho wa
ving trees and nought is heered to break
tho solemncholy stillness, save an occa
sional grunt in the Hog Pen! I will e
ven carry you in imagination to that de
voted Hen House. Behold its peaceful
and happy inmates gently declining in
balmy slumbers on theirelevated and ma
jestic roosts! Look at (hat aged and
venerable and highly respected Rooster,
as he keeps his silent vigils with parental
and unmitigated watchfulness over those
innocent, helpless and virtuous Hens and
Pullets! Just let your eye glance around
and behold that dignified and matronly
Hen, who watches with the tender solici
tude and parental congratulation over
those little juvenils Chickens, who crowd
around their respected progenitor, and
nestle under her circumambient wings.
Now I ask, Mr. Speaker, am there to be
washixotoxian
| TOTAL ABSTINENCE PLEDGE.
! - ~
We, whose names r.re herrimto an*
! nrxeii, desirous of forming a Society for
’ our mutual benefit, and to guard plains*
' a pernicious practice, which is injurious
to our health, standing and families, do
ae ourselves as (Jenti.emen, not to
any Spirituous or Mall Itirairc,
j Bine or Cider.
[No. 44
found a wretch so lost and nbandoned.as
will enter that peaceful and happy abode,
and tear those interesting and innocent
little biddies from their agonized and
heart broken parents? Mr. Speaker, I
answer in thunder that there am ? Are
there any thing so mean and sneaking
as such a robber? No, there are not!—-
You may search the wide universe, from
the natives who repose in solitary gran
deur and superlative majesty under the
shade of the tall cedars which grow up.
on the tops of the Hammaleh moun
tains in the valley of Jehosaphat, down
jto the degraded and barbarious savages
I who repose in obscurity in their wigwams
,cn the Rock of Gibraltar in the Gulf of
Mexico, and you will be ns much
puzzled to find any thing so mean as you
would be to see the arth revolve around
the sun twice in twenty-four hours, with
out the aid of a telescope.
Mr. Speaker I feel that I have said
enough on this subject to convince the
most obdurate member of the unnp.
j proachable necessity of a law which
| shall forever and everlastingly put a stop
to the fowl proceedings; and I propose
that every convicted offender shall suffer
the penalty of the law as follows:
For the first offence he shall be obliged
to suck twelve rotten eggs without any
salt on ’em.
For the second offence lie shall be o«
bliged to set on twenty rotten eggs un
-1 til he hatches ’em.
Mr. Speaker all I want is for every
member to act on this subject accordin’
to his conscienciousncss. Let him do
this and ho will be remembered forevpr
lastingly by a grateful posterity. Mr.
Speaker, I’ve done. Where’s my hat 7*
The eloquent gentleman here donned
his seal-skin cap and sat down, nppa*
; rently much exhausted.
Reported by Timothy.
Poor Blanchard.
Noah’s Messenger thus touchingly no
tices the death of this witty writer:
“Poor Leman Blanchard! He was
one of the liveliest and best contributors
Punch hud. The Curtain Lectures so
very laughable, and true to nature, and
so extensively copied in this country,
were written by Mr. Blanchard while his
wife was lying nt the point of death, and
his heart was filled with anguish. Lit*
tie does the reader who laughs over a
brilliant sally of wit, or a highly humor
ous essay, know of the feedings of the
writer, nor dream That the Brain which
gives birth to such Momus-like fancy that
••sets the table with a roar, aches with
the most intense despair. Poor Blan
chard was remarkable for bis high social
qualities; his companionable spirit, and
his free and easy disposition. He was
notorious for neatness of dress, always
looking says a friend who writes us, “as
though jusj from a bandbox.” He cut
his throat, poor fellow, while in a state
of delirium. Peace to his ashes.”
Money Digging.
The Ilampden Post tells a good story
• about the jailer at Springfield, Mass.,
who was persuaded bv a negro in tho
prison to take him to Westfield, where he,
the negro, had concealed a large amount
of treasure. They went in the night,
dug in two or three places, cf course to
no efiect, and at length came to a place
where the negro measured off a given
distance from a certain tree, and striking
his spade in the ground, exclaimed in a
tone of triumph, “ Here it is, I an’t mis
taken this time, no how. Now, take off
my cuffs, Boss Day, and I’ll show you
something worth looking at.” Tho
hand-cuffs were removed, and in an in
stant, instead of feasting his eyes on
sparkling gems and uncounted treasures,
Mr. Deputy Day found himself lying
on his back and surveying the stars.-
When he regained his feet, there was the
spade, there the hand-cuffs, there too
stood Deputy Day, but the prisoner had
fled, leaving his old hat as security for
his return. The Deputy returned to
Springfield a wiser man.
--""- 1 ' ' , •
A Gold Mine. —Gold has been found
in almost virgin purity on the margin of
a small lake in tho wilderness, in the vi
cinity of Sherbroke, L. C.j but so great
is the difficulty in obtaining it, that as
yet, the quantity is very limited. It is
found projecting from the under side of
a shelving rock of a mountain. It is so
situated that it cannot he reached from
below by ladders, nor from above by
ropes; and the only specimens obtained
Were brought down by xifSs shots: