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THE CONSTITUTIONALIST.
JAMES GARDNER, JR.
’ TERMS.
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vance.
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and letters of business.
To the Editors of the Savannah Georgian.
I regret very much, that the necessity is |
imposed upon me, of replying to a notice in
your paper of Monday morning, under the
■head of “The Central Kail Hoad and the
•Chicago Convention.”
I did not regard the attack of the Augusta
Constitutionalist on the Directors of this
Comp an v, nor the fact that the Federal L nion
republished the attack. I thought it strange,
I confess, that Augusta should happen to be
the meridian for arraying the ccaluct ofthet
directors of a private corporation, located a
Savannah, yet I was content to say nothing.
It occurred* to me that all persons interested
in the nTftaagement of the Central Kail Hoad
•Company could not tail to see how utterly ii
diculous it was to represent the expenditure of
less than one cent per share of the capital ;
stock to send a delegate to Chicago, as deal
ing up the wonder that the Company did not
declare dividends, and that, having just re
ceived a dividend, they would feel, at least,
that the strictures of the Constitutionalist
had no foundation in fact on which to rest.
But your notice of Monday morning com
pels rac to reply, for most readers would in
fer from it, these two facts, which have, really, j
no existence: Ist, That the Company expen
ded SSOO to procure Mr. King’s services to at
tend the Chicago Convention ; and 2d, That
the Company has meddled with the politics of
the country, expending its money' for that
PURPOSE.
On the 13th of April last, Mr. Anderson J
moved art the Board of Directors, the follow
ing resolution which was passed, the Presi
dent and six Directors, out of eight, the whole
besides the President, being present, viz ;
“Whereas, a Rail Koad Convention is to
be held in the city of Chicago, btate of Illi
nois ; and whereas, the attention of the peo
ple of the West has been turned towards Sa
vannah as the Atlantic port for their business
relations, and as they express a wish that a
delegate from this section of the country shall
be preseat: Resolved, That 1 horn as
Butler King be invited to represent this Board, j
and that the sum of SSOO be appropriated to
pav his expenses.” * _ ,
From the 13th of April to the 17th of jutic,
no protest was offered, nor was any motion
made before the Board, to rescind the forego
ing resolution, nor was any movement made
to prevent expenditure under the resolution.
On the 17th of June, I handed to Mr. King
the sum of $250 to defray his expenses. He
slid to me, at the time, he thought the sum
, more than sufficient, but as it was his purpose
do render an account of his actual expenditure. |
he would receive it, and on his return would
refund what overplus there might be. On his j
return he Aid render such an account , amount
ing to $l4O 25, and refunded the balance,—
Thus the expense incurred by the Company
amounted to 140 25.
Here then is an expenditure of $l4O 25 made
by the Directors of the Company* themselves
large stockholders, to represent the advantages
of this city as an Atlantic port, and the various
Kail Roads in existence and in contemplation
in Georgia, leading thither, to the people of,
the West, who are about to build a Koad
to the junction of the Mississippi and Ohio
rivers, and to fix, if possible, the current of
public opinion at the \V est, in favor ot Sa- j
vannah as their plac£ qf business on the At
lantic. When it *is* remarked that this city,
as & Corporation, holds half a million of dol
lars In the stock of the Central Company, it
appears to fire I- hazard nothing in saying that ;
this expenditure was judicious—that it ought
to have been made from due regard to true
interest of the stockholders and the city cn
Savannah. , . J
That the design of the Directors of this |
Company was to meddle in politics, cannot, I t
trust, be believed by any one in this commu
nity’ ; indeed, I do not suppose that the Di- j
rector to whom you refer wishes it to he un
derstood that he makes so grave a charge
against his associates,most of whom agree with
him in political set!nieut. Politics have ne\er
been introduced into the business of this Co m
pany, and thev never shall be, if I can prevent
it. For myself, I beg leave to say that. I never
expended the Company's money, or any of
my own, for any political purpose whatever.
I meddlo very little, if any at all, with the
subject.
If editors, in the heat which seems almost
naturally to be evolved from the workings of a
political canvass, think they can make any
capital out* of this, or any other transaction of
the Company, they will, as they hold the
types, exorcise their power. All I have to ask
of them is this—if private affairs are forced
into the political whirl, that they shall be
fairly represented.
Very respectfully, your obd’t serv t.
ft. R. CUYLER, President ■
lowa. —Wc believe our Dubuque correspon
dent is mistaken in. saying that the new elee- j
tions to the House have left parties as they
stood before. As we understand the matter,
there is a Democratic gain of a member in Des
xnoincs county, -which reverses the state of
parties in the House, giving the Democrats 20
and the Whigs 19, instead of 20 Whigs and 19
Democrats. The members elected to fill va
cancies, were a Whig in Mahaska eo M a Demo
crat in Desmoines, and another in Jefferson. |
The only change is in Desmoines. In the
Senate there is a Dena. majority of 5. —.V. Y. j
Jour, of Com merce, 24 th inst.
Cotton, in this section of the country has
■•come out’ very much for the last two weeks,
and now gives better indication of a good crop
than they have at any time during the year.
But we are fearful of the great quantity of rain
that has fallen within the last few days, of
materially injuring the early opening and ma
turing. We heard a gentleman from Lowndes
county says, a few days since, that his crop of
cotton was much better this yaar than it was
last, and that he now had a better crop made
than he gathered from the same land last sea
son. If such is generally the case, we ar eof the I
opinion that the 'next crop will yield much
larger than that of last year, — Wetumpka (4/a.)
Guard, 2ith inst.
The boll worm has been complained of by i
the cotton planters in the neighborhood of this
place, within the last week, considerable.
Great apprehensions are being made,that should
the rains continue for many days, as they have
for the last eight or ten, they will increase their
ravages to a fearful degree, as it is supposed
ertixy rain that falls adds much to the num
her, strength and growth of the wbrm. W e 1
i also notice in our exchanges, from dll sections j
of the cotton growing region, that the destroy
ers of man's labor, are making iiirbads upon
the Cotton, and in some instances, we sec that
the caterpillar, similar to those of last season, j
have made their appearance, and are literally |
eating every thing before them. — lb.
[ Correspondence of the Baltimore Stm.j
NEW YORK, Aug. 24, 8 p. m. — Another I
Fire in New York—Loss forty thousand dollars, j
— I regret to have to inform you, that another
fire, occasioning a large loss, though confined
to but one establishment, occured here this
morning. It broke out about ten o’clock,
destroying the Novelty Iron Works, on |
Twelfth street, belonging to Messrs. Stillman, j
Allen & Co. The loss is not less than forty ;
thousand dollars.
Death of a Remarkable Dos'.
Among the “City Items” of that excellent
paper the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, we
i find the following notice of the death of a re
markable dog. It will amuse, if nothing else:
The mournful duty devolves upon us of re
j cording the sudden and painful death of an old
I and valued member of the Fire Department.
Cassius is no more! He whose name and fame
■ were spread throughout this country and
Europe, is now numbered with the dead. The
I event has filled the community with sorrow,
i Cash, as he was familiarly called, was a large,
grey dog, of the Poodle species, possessing all
the dignified intelligence for which that excel
lent breed is distinguished. We have heard of
j many wonderful tricks performed by dogs,
but Cash exceeded them all in the extent and
I variety of his knowledge. He had attached ;
himself to the Good Intent Hose, of which
I company he was a faithful member for ape- ;
riod ofabout eight years. Ills ear was singular- I
: ly acute, as he could hear an alarm of fire be- j
fore any of the members of which he gave in
! stant warning, by loud barking and springing
| against the door of the hose house. As soon :
as the door was opened, he weald seize the j
rope in his mouth, leading the way towards !
the fire, pulling with might and main until,
ample assistance arrived, when he would re
linquish his hold and dash on ahead, anon re
turning to encourage the men with a loud bark,
or two, and then dash onward again. He was
always the unerring pioneer to the fire, busying
himself until it was subdued, when he would
return with the carriage, carrying the director’s
| horn in his mouth.
Cash had been taught to fall clown and pre
tend to be dead; nor could kicks or coaxing
make him show a sign of life. Generally a
crowd would gather about his prostrate and
apparently lifeless body, to express their grief
at his demise, when some one of the members
would give a tap on the bell, at which signal
Cash would spring suddenly up, scattering the
people in dismay to the right and left.
On one occasion Cash had a very tough and
long contested fight with a dog that appeared
to be his match in every respect. In the midst
of the contest, and when it was doubtful which
would prove the better clog, a good-fof-nothmg
little curran up and bit Cash severely in one
of his hind legs. Satisfied with his valorous be
havior the little sneak went back to his quarters
in his master’s door, leaving the two combatants
to fight it out. Cash had taken no notice of
the bite, but went on with the fight until he
whipped his opponent to his satisfaction and
compelled him to run off; he then walked de
liberately over to the door where the ililtle cur
. was lying, and picking him up by the back of
the neck, carried him leisurely to the gutter,
w here he gave him half a dozen good shakes,
and tossed him indignantly into the middle of
the street, as much as to say, “take that you
cowardly rascal!”
! Once when there were hut few men at the
rope, and it was found impossible to urge the
carriage along with anything like speed, Cash
I ran on to the side walk, and taking a gentleman
I by the coat actually pulled him into the street,
: at which the terrified man took hold of the
rope and “worked like a Hercules for fear of
another attack. ’
Several weeks since four or five of the mem
j bers of the Good Intent Hose, went over to
Gloucester Point, taking Cash with them. One
! of the men, for pastime, ascended a ladder to
the top of a two story house. On looking
around he was surprised to find that the dog
had gone with him. After taking a good sur
vey of the surrounding country, and becoming
satisfied that everything was going on right,
Cash walked quietly down again.
Only a few* days before his death, two of the
firemen were endeavoring to turn the cylinder,
in order to put on the hose. Cash saw’ that
they were unequal to the task, so he ran around
the corner, and began to bark to two other mem
■ bers, thus to attract their attention and procure
! assistance. Knowing the dog, they went
around and helped to finish the job.
A good sized book might be filled with an
i ecdotes of Cash, many of them of a curious and
: interesting nature.
I He was kind and affectionate in disposition,
! and particulary good to children, with whom,
as in truth with almost every one, he was an
especial favorite. To people of color, however,
be had a decided aversion, and would never
suffer their approach. Kind words and good
bones were always on hand for Cash, and re
gret for his untimely end is wide spread. It is
not certainly known how his death came about,
but many believed that he was poisoned by a
ba;l member of one of the rival companies. He
died in the midst of his usefulness, aged nine
t years.
Poor Cash —good Cash —faithful Cash—
human nature is not always gifted with your in
| teliigeuce! The ruling passion was strong in
j death. A few minutes before his dissolution, and
! while wr t ling with pain the State House struck
• for fire; weak and exhausted as he was,he sprang
| upon his feet, the intelligent eye lighted with its
; wonted fire —he gave a feeble bark —staggered
convulsively towards the door —and fell dead!
The members of the Good Intent Hose-are
inconsolable for his loss, and good reason have
they so to be, as Cash never missed a lire for
eight years. They have testified their grief by
putting the carriage in mourning, which badge
will be worn for the usual period of thirty days.
; Cash is to be stuffed and then preserved in a
beautiful and expensive glass case. It should
ibe framed with gold. He was the property of
! Mr. Henry Smith who kindly gave him to the
company. Farewell, Cash!
j The Retort Vncourtcom. —On a recent occa
sion, a huge company, consisting entirely of
I Englishmen, were assembled at an Inn in Bir- j
, miugham, and the conversation was proceed
-1 ing freely, till interrupted by the entrance of
a gaberiunzie, who, in abroad Scottish dialect,
requested alms, which was refused, on the
ground that England was overrun with Irish
and Scotch paupers. “Why don’t you stay at
home,” said one of the company, “sure there’s
very few English in your country?” “At
weel,” replied Sawney, “there’s wheens o’
English in Scotland too. I could name places
whar there’s may be raair than ye imagine.”
1 “That’s out of your power,” replied another
of the Sassenachs; “there are towns south of
j the Tweed that contains thousand of Seotch
i men, while but a paltry tithe of Englishmen
| are to be found in the length and breadth of
1 your country." “You speak rather fast,” re
plied the c autious Caledonian; “there’s a place
! ayont Glasgow, you're, ca’ed Bannockburn,
i whar twenty or thirty thousand English ha’e
lain very quietly for mony a year.” It is dif
ficult to describe the effect that this rebuff had
on the whole meeting. National prejudice,
however, being thrown aside, a subscription
was 'entered into, and the venerable gaberlun- J
zie left the house with 25s of the current coin
of the realm.
sit 9« s t a; ©cor q t a .
SATURDAY mCRNIWa' ~AVG. 28. |
FOR GOVERNOR
HOM. 8. W. TOWNS.
OF TALBOT.
Democratic jMomiaations for Senators.
: 4tli Dial. — Camden and Wayne—Elias Fort.
! sth Dial.—Lowndes and Ware—Gen. T. Hilliard.
7lh “ Tattnall and Bulloch—John A Mattox
Bth “ Hcriven and Effingham—W. J. Lawton.
9th “ Burke and Emanuel —. S. C Morris
12th “ Thomas and Decatur—Wm. H. Reynolds.
13th “ Baker and Early—Dr. Wm. J. Johnson.
14th “ Randolph and Stewart—William Nelson.
17th “ Macon and Houston—John A. Hunter.
20th “ Twjiggs and Bibb —W. W. Wiggins.
; 25th “ Jones and Putnam—James M. Gray.
20th “ Munroe and Pike—Col. Allen Cochran.
28th “ Merrivvether and Coweta—Ore. Warner.
31st “ Fayette and Henry—Luther J. Glenn.
32d “ Jasper and Butts—Col. J. C. Waters.
38th “ Clark and Jackson—Samuel Bailey.
: 39th “ Gwinnett and DeKalb—Jas. P. Simmons.
40th “ Paulding and Cass—Francis Irwin.
41st “ Cobb and Cherokee—Wm. H. Hunt,
43d “ Habersham and Rabun—Eow’d Coffee.
' 44th “ Lumpkin and Union—Elihu S. Bv -av-ids
| membofs of the Democratic Party
j of Richmond county, are requested to meet at
1 the City Hull, in this city, on Tuesday After
noon next , at 4 o'clock, for the purpose of mak
ing arrangements to invite the Hon. GEO.
j W. TOWNS to meet his fellow-citizens of
this and the adjoining counties, previous to
the first Monday in October, at a point to be
| selected in this County.
Western mail due yesterday morn
ing did not come to hand until about half past
j three In the afternoon —the delay was occasion
ed by the running off of the engine, at Stone
j Mountain Depot. No damage done.
to the Daily and Tri-Week
ly, whose papers are left at this office, will find
them on Sundays in the Post Office.
lacttcr cf the Hon. Edward J. Black,
We regret the misconception, on our part,
in the first instance, which has elicited the ad
mirable letter of Mr. Black, which appears in
i this day’s paper. "We take the earliest oppor
tunity of placing it before the public; In our
sketch of the debates which occurred in the
late Convention, wc did not profess or attempt
to report the language of the speakers. We
only sought to give the spirit and general ten
or of their remarks. We endeavored to ad
here to the substance, and to be accurate in the
j outline we drew of each speaker’s argtiraent
■ and sentiments. We took no notes at the time,
however, and wrote afterwards from memory.
: It is possible that we attributed to Mr. Black
! the same construction of Mr. Calhoun’s North
| Carolina letter that we placed upon it ourself,
and supposed him to express himself as con
sidering it, on the part of Mr. Calhoun, a disa
vowal of all membership with the Democratic
party for the last seventeen years. Mr. Black
is of course better authority as to what he did
say in Convention, and the best authority as
to what he considers the relation which. Mr.
Calhoun in that letter professes to hold towards
the Democratic party.
We regret that the health of Mr. Black is so
feeble. We sincerely wish that his bodilv
I vigor were equal to his mental, and that both
might bring their conjoint force into the field,
as of yore, in upholding the great principles of
j our party.
Opinions of Jefferson and Jackson.
It is a stale and fruitless effort on the part
of Federal Whig journals to seek to bolster
up their ultra federal views by invoking the
honored names of these departed patriots in
their support. It is as useless as it is disin
genuous to attempt to im press uponthe public
mind that the high protective policy of the
Whig party, as exemplified in the tariff of 1842,
over whose fate the Whig party so bitterly
mourns, ever could have received the sanc
tion of either of those pure Republicans. Yet
the Chronicle and Sentinel, has for some tlm e
been edifying its readers with attempts of thi
j sort. That the opinions of very many of the
wisest and best Democrats of our country—
| that in fact the unanimous feelin g and wish of
i the American people during the infancy of our
manufacturing enter prizes were in favor of
their protection is not to be disputed. The
protection of domestic manufactures, as an in
cident growing out of the heavy revenue du-
I ties which the war debt of 1812-15 made it
| necessary to impose, found favor with nearly
all Southern politicians in 1815. It found fa
vor -with the strictest constructionists and
| with the immediate representatives of the sta
ple growing States. It was a boon granted by
generosity in power, to a weak interest sup
plicating a favor. When that interest grew'
strong and by log-rolling combinations aspired
to dominion, when it set up a claim as of right,
' and invoked the constitution as justifying
i their actions, the republican spirit of the coun
: try rose against the arrogant pretehsiqp. The
organization of public opinion and of politi
-1 cal parties on the constitutional question took
place some years after. It was iu 1822 that
the protective policy assumed a party organi- j
zation, wdth Mr. Clay as its leader, with the
declared object of establishing bis so called
■ “American System.” They assumed the title
of National Republicans. Neither Mr. Jeffer
son nor Gen. Jackson belonged to that party,
or ever favored its monstrous designs.
The Chronicle selects a few' isolated passages
from the messages of these distinguished Presi
( dents, favorable to the protection of home in
dustry, to prove that they advocated the outra
geous system of legislation which the whigs
| for a time fastened upon the country and wmuld ;
restore were they in power. Yet The Chroni
cle well knows that General Jackson was open
ly, bitterly, actively opposed to their tariff |
policy. He was opposed to the tariff Bill of
abominations of 1828. He was opposed to
the tariff*bill of 1842. The opinions of Mr.
Jefferson to the last days of his life are not less
distinctly known.
The Chronicle parades the following dcclara
biii miiiiibi^ibhi ttt
! tion of Mr. Jefferson as triumphant proof that
! he was a protective tariff man, in 1810, and we
presume would have the reader infer that if
1 the sa< T e of Monticello w'ore alive at this clay
I he would be a tariff man, of the whig school
j o f 1847 —that he would have supported the
1 protective tariff of 1842, and opposed the reve
| nue tariff of 1846.
AYe now ask the reader to mark the follow
ing language of Mr. Jefferson, used by him,
too, as late as 1816; (by the bye, he used su h
language many years after, and died in the
i same faith,) to see how completely Mr. Ber
rien is sustained:
“He, therefore, who is now against domestic
viannfnatures, must be for reducing us either
to a dependence on that nation (England,) or to
be clothed in skins, and to live like wild beasts
in dens and caverns. lam proud to say that 1
am not one of these." . ...
What will those Democrats who profess to
be disciples of Mr. Jefferson, w'ho look upon
him as the Apostle of Republicanism , think of
this r-— Chronicle, 27th inst.
We assert that here is expressed no senti
ment unacceptable to the Democratic party
and the disciples of this great advocate for a
strict construction of the Constitution. There
is no party in this country against domestic
manufactures. No party has ever wished to
deprive the domestic man afacturer of his equal
rights under the Constitution, or to prevent I
his prospering in his pursuits. The sentiment j
above expressed does not make Mr. Jefferson
a protective tariff man. It does not indicate
| that had he lived to the present day he w'ould
| have been found on the side of his former an
: tipodes in politics, repudiating all his republi
can views, fighting the cause of monopolists,
j and seeking to create in this country a fa
vored class of citizens by partial laws for their
benefit.
The opinions he expressed in the messages
which are quoted in favor of prohibatory mea
sures against British commercce were retalia
tory of British restrictions upon us. Ihey
; were in their nature hostile measures and
| temporary in their character. They "were not
I inconsistent with the enlightened principles of
Free Trade with which it would then have
been, and will always be our policy to adopt
towards nations meeting us in a spirit of re
ciprocity.
But to show how far the Chronicle correctly
represents Mr. Jefferson, we make two extracts
; from his writings after the tendency, designs
| and operation of the protective tariff policy
| had displayed themselves in bold relief.
Writing to his friend, James Madison, Feb.
i iftn, 1826, he thus speaks of the protective
system in its operation upon the agricultural
interests of the Soilth, of which he was in his ,
old age feeling the bitter consequences;*
“But the long succession of yeafs of stniited ;
; crops, of reduced prices, the general prostration j
of the farming business under levies for the sup- j
port o f manufacturers, & rc; with the calamitous
fluctuations of value in our fiapCr medium, j
have kept agriculture in a state of abject depres- |
sion, which has peopled the western States by
silently breaking up those on the Atlantic, and
glutted the land market, while it drew off its j
j bidders.”
Again, in a letter of December 25th, 1820,
to his friend William B. Giles, he thus la
| ments over the baleful influences which doc
| trines and measures such as are now advocat
; ed by the whig party were exerting upon our
| institutions.
| “I see, as you do.and with the deepest afflic- 1
tion, the rapid strides with which the federal |
j branch of our government is advancing to- j
! wards the usurpation of all the rights reserved
I to the States, and the .consolidation in itself of
j all powers, foreign and domestic ; and that
too, by constructions which, if legitimate, |
leave no limits to its powers. Take together
the decisions of the federal court, the doc
trines of the President, and the misconstructions
of the constitutional compact acted on by the
legislature of the federal branch, and it is but
too evident, that the three ruling branch es of
that department are in combination to strip
their colleagues, the State authorities, of the
powers reserved by them, and to exercise them
selves all functions, foreign and domestic. —
Under the power to regulate commerce, they assume
indefinitely that also over agriculture and manu- }
facturcs, and call it regulation to take the. earnings
of one of these branches of industry, and that too
the most depressed, and put them into the pockets
of the other, the most flourishing of all. Under
the authority to establish post-roads, they
claim that of cutting down mountains for the
j construction of roads, of digging canals, and
j aided by a little sophistry on the words ‘gene
ral welfare,’ a right to do, not only the acts to
effect that' which are specifically enumerated
and permitted, but whatsoever they shall think
or pretend will be for the general welfare.”
it is calculating too strongly upon the igno
rance and gullibility of its readers for any
whig paper to quote the honored name of Jef
ferson of the measures of that party.
Mr. Jefferson is not the guide and the Mentor
of that party. It does not profess to adopt
his opinions- It contemns and ridicules them.
! UpoU every prominent measure of that party,
I his influence while living and his opinions I
now that he is dead, can be shown to have
I been utterly opposed. His uniform adher
ence to a strict construction of the constitu
tion found no favor with the federal—now
whig party. They called him visionary. The
more violent charged him with being Jacobi
nical. His declaration that all powers not ex
\pressly granted to the general government, were
reserved to the States respectively, or to the
people, never suited the designs of the whigs,
and must still interfere materially with their
cherished schemes in favor of protective tariffs,
national banks, and internal improvements.
The influence of Jefferson's great name
and opinions, which have stood triumphantly
the test of time and experience, has done
much and will continue to do much to
defeat them. These, espoused by the demo
cratic party, practically adhered to by the
venerated Jackson, and enforced by his vetoes
of the Maysville road bill and United States
Bank bill, will long serve to beat back the
tide of federal encroachment, and preserve to
us the constitution as it eamc to us from the
i hands of its makers. It will be an evil dav
*
to our country, when it shall be interpreted
| according to whig construction, the veto pow
er abolished, and our legislation know no re
straint but the will of a majority in Congress.
The Telegraph.
It is stated that with thg exception of a
few miles south of Black Creek, the Telegraph
posts arc up from Washington City to Colum
bia. '
I t
Launch of a Steamboat.
The Charleston Mercury of the 27th inst.,
says —“A Steamboat, for the ‘Steamboat Com
pany of Georgia,’ was launched yesterday af
ternoon at six o’clock, from the Ship Yard of
Messrs. Addison and Mclntosh.
“This is the largest freight boat overbuilt in
Charleston. Her engines are being built by
Mr. James McLeish, at his foundry on Gad
sen’s wharf, and will be of fifty horse-power
each. *
“The capacity of the boat will be about
twelve hundred bales of Cotton. She is des
tined for the Savannah River trade; and is, we
are told, to be named the “Rough and Ready.”
“We are gratified in being able to chronicle
this event, and trust that the time is rapidly
approaching when our shipwx’ights will have
frequent calls upon their ingenuity and skill
in the construction of vessels.”
Burns’Mills Destroyed by Pira.
The Athens Banner of the 26th inst,. says
We learn with regret that the valuable mills of
General D. M. Burns, in Jackson, co M were
destroyed by ffrC on Tuesday morning last.
We are informed by the proprietor that the
fire was first discovered in the upper story, and
was no doubt the result of friction. Only a
part of the grain of other persons in the mill
was saved, and the whole erbp of the o wner
(about 400 bushels) consumed. AA e are also
informed by him, that he has commenced re
building, and that he expects soon to be able
to begin operations in his former line of busi
ness.
Loss of Ship Mamalukc.
The ship Mamaluke from New \ ork for Liv
erpool, has been lost in a squall 500 miles from
Sandy Hook. Thirty-four of her passengers
and seven of the crew lost. The vessel in
sured.
Death of G-ov. Dorr.
The New Bedford Mercury, on the authori
ty of a letter to Colonel Hatch, reports the
death, at Providence, on Thursday, of Thomas
AY. Dorr.
AYe learn from the Portland Advertiser that
of the whole number of children in Maine
returned to the Board of Education, between
the ages of four and twenty-one, the Secretary
of the Board find that sixty thousand nine hun
dred and forty-two did not attend any school
during the past summer; and that there were
forty-seven thousand eight hundred and forty
seven who wore not in attendance at any
school during the winter.
[For the Constitutionalist .]
SCRIYEN COUNTY, Aug. 1, 1847.
| James Gardner, Jr., Esq.: ®
My Dear Sir— With many thanks for the
great kindness with which you treated my
poor efforts in behalf of Democracy in the De
mocratic Convention, permit me to intrude for
A moment Upon your attention in relation to
the note addressed to you by my friend, the
lion. Levi S> D’Lyon. upon the subject of Mr.
| Calhoun’s position; Ever since I left Mil
ledgerille, 1 have been constantly coughing—l
| had td plead a heavy ease at our Inferior Court,
1 which quite prostrated me) and as many of
Mr. Calhotih’s friends expressed to me their
surprise that I sholild have assigned to him
a position hd had iievdr takeri iii his letter
| to the North Carolina Editor, 1 requested
Judge D’L. to say in a note td joii, that in
j that regard you had mistaken my remarks.* 1
would have written myself, but that I really
was physically unable to do so, without great
inconvenience, and I knew our friend. Judge'
D’L., was expert with his pen, and a good
composer of notes. lam at this time hardly ,
able to write, being engaged in the exciting
process of coughing, and also in reflecting on
my latter end, which when applied to one s
self, is not quite as pleasant as if the same j
speculations were made upon other and fairer ;
subjects. However, if those celebrated Doc- |
; tors, Jaynes, AYistar, et al., have not lied in- :
definitely, through your columns, as to the
infallibility of their medicated nostrums, I am
safe —for being credulous of all patent physics, j
I am now addressing myself with great con
fidenoe to three or four different compounds.
But I am detaining you, with personal com
plaints, from your lucubrations.
So far as I can remember my remarks rela
tive to the position of Mr. Calhoun, and so far
as they may be indicated by my opinions and
intentions, you were certainly in error when
you reported me as saying—“ That he (Air. C.) i
was not a member of the Democratic party
was true, for he had said that for seventeen
years he had felt constrained to oppose many*
of the measures of the Democratic party, or
espouse measures of the AVhigs, and vice ;
I versa.”
Now I readily admit that neither the speak
er nor hearer can at all times critically report, .
or remember, words spoken in a hasty debate, !
especially in a hall so large and crowded as
that in which we sat iu convention. Hence it
may well be supposed you understood me, as
doubtless you did, in a sense different from
that in which I intended to speak. Aly im
pression is that I said, I certainly intended to
say, and most certainly ought to have said,
something like this :—“lt is true that it had
been charged, that he, Air. Calhoun, was not
a member of the Democratic party, and that
he had been constrained to differ with that
party, and with the AVhigs, acting only occa
sionally with either for the last seventeen
years,” I then endeavored to show that the
charge was groundless. I referred to the let
ter itself, written by Air. Calhoun to a North
Carolina Editor, to prove the charge an asper
sion. X pronounced him to be a Democrat in
the fullest and broadest sense—that he was
the chiefest of Democrats—•■and, far above all
others in ability, the great champion of De
mocratic principles. That he had never said
he was not a member of the Democratic party.
All he had said was-r-“ The truth is, I have
not been able, with my principles and policy,
to act with either party, except occasionally,
for the last seventeen years. I differ from
both on several important questions, and a
mong others, the proscriptive policy of turn
ing opponents out of office indiscriminately,
and bestowing their places, as rewards for par
tisan services, on the least meritorious of the
respective parties; and agree with each in some
particulars.” This, I said, was far from de
claring himself “ not a member of the Democrat
ic party.” That Benton, Wright, Buchanan,
and even Mr. Van Buren had differed more
1 than once from the Democratic party, and that
too, upon questions involving most vital prin
ciples—not upon mere questions of policy;
j.and yet no man had raised his voice to de
i nounce either of these prominent men for be
ing “not a member of the Democratic party.”
I repeated “that Mr. Calhoun was a Democrat,
and that I stood ready to prove it by the Con
stitutionalist, a journal which was recognized
to be among the leading organs of the party
in Georgia; a paper that I constantly read,
and in the ability, intelligence, and patriot
ism of whose Editor, I had the greatest confi
dence.”
The above is substantially what I said, or
intended to say, and if I was not so under
• j stood, it was doubtless owing to some unfortu
nate defect in my manner of stating a proposi
j tion. I did not read to the Convention the
extract from the Constitutionalist on which I
| relied, but I had the paper with me, and was
i prepared to do so if it had been questioned.
J You will find it in the number of May 19.
, Speaking of Mr. Calhoun, the Editor says—
t I “ That tic is a Democrat , however, and as such has
I been da able champion of the Democratic policy ,
! admits of no dispute .” These italics are my
own. The words deserve to be italicised, bc
! cause they announce a truth far more honora
i ble to the Editor who wrote them than the
miserable attacks of the few in Georgia who
have busied themselves in vain effects to dis
i parage Mr, Calhoun, for reasons best known to
themselves, but which may hereafter, if ne-
I cessary, be exposed to the public eye;
Upon a moment’s reflection you will perceive
that the probabilities are with the version I
f have given of my remarks. If I had spokeil
s as you erroneously supposed I did, I should
j have been justly obnoxious to the criticism of
the Savannah Republican , contained in a late
number of that paper, in which the editor is
| confounded at the idea of my declaring that
Mr. Calhoun was not a member of the demo
cratic party, and yet, in the next breath, as
serting that he is a democrat, and as such, has
been an able champion of democratic princi
ples. The Republican could not exactly see
how these non sequiters could be dove-tailed
into each other; and rather “made game” of
us for attempting to show that Mr, Calhoun
was not, and yet was a faithful and efficient
democrat. I would have answered the arti
cle in the Republican, but for the simple rea
son that I did not know how to do it, as
things then stood; so I thought I would first
communicate a request to you to correct the
error, and leave it to the editor of that paper
i to do me such justice as he may be disposed
to extend to a political opponent.
Again; it would have been presumptuous in
me, so much the junior of Mr. Calhoun in
chronological affiliation with the democratic
I party, to undertake to turn him out of the
ranks by proclaiming him not a member of that
party. I knew too well that in 1837 when
the Carolina Senator stood in the Senate of
the United States at the very head and front
of the democracy, lifting them, by the force of
his Herculean abilities, out of the mud and
mire of the foundering pet Banks, and leading
them on to the successful establishment of the
great principles which now so advantageously
distinguish them as a party, that you and I
j were but' simple nullifiers —democrats in em
bryo, bnffedgefl,- and but youngsters at the
feet of Gamaliel.' We were then but imbib
ing our first glorious draughts of those great,
! State rights, conservative doctrine# which in
; due time could noli result* 6thcrwise thrift ixi
I make democrats of us, while he, the master
1 spirit of his age, tlic great expo Under of the
i faith, was pre-eminent in the national fegisla
i ture in elucidating and practically applying
those principles which alone make and con
stitute a democratic party, and without which
there would be no such party. Yes, I know
that while you and I were thus laudably en
gaged in learning how to be democrats, Mr.
Calhoun “was a democrat ,” and “as such” was
breasting the storm of federal encroachment s
| °
and putting back with his powerful arm ther
fearful waves of monopoly and protection,
which threatened to engulph us and our prin-
J ciplcs in one common abyss. You perceive
then that I should have been taking too much
on myself, standing in this relative position,
to have attempted to ostracise Mr. Calhoun by
saying, what ho has never said, that he was
not a member of the democratic party.
The whole drift and current of federal poll*
tics render it more than probable that in al*
| luding to his non- membership of the party, I
spoke of it as a groundless and fallacious
charge, and not as a fact I accredited. What,
for instance, constitutes a democrat? Adhe*
sion to certain known and well defined princi
ples,among which are FREE TRADE, AN
INDEPENDENT TREASURY, AND THE
VETO POWER, AS DEFINED BY THE
CONSTITUTION, Those arc among the
affirmatives to be sustained by a democrat,
There arc also many negatives quite as essen
tial to true democracy. Ho should be found
in opposition to a distribution of the proceeds
of the sales of the public lands, and he should
ways, in season, and out of season, be ready,
prompt, and willing to oppose, without wa*
vering or compromising, any and every at*
tempt of the abolitionists to invade our rights
by means of the legislation of Congress,
These, and more; he should unfurl his banner
to the breeze, and inscribe upon it — “Free
Trade; Low Duties; No Debt; Separation
from Banks; Economy; Retrenchment, and
a Strict Adherence to the Constitution.
To sustain these positions, ho should be deep*
ly and thoroughly imbrued with the conser
vative doctrines of State Rights, as promul*
gated by Mr. Jefferson, which of course, Wiicn
properly understood, include the delegated
rights and powers of the L nitod State>.
which of these essentials has John C. Calhoun
ever failed? W hen was it that he liun.-, hac
or quailed before the onslaught of suou I