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THE CONSTITUTIONALIST.
JAMES GARDNER, JR.
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BY R B SHERIDAN.
No more shall the Spring, my lost pleasures restore;
Uncliecr’d I still wander alone;
And sunk in dejection, forever deplore,
The sweets of tbe days that arc gone.
While the sun as it rises, to others shines bright,
I think how it formerly shone;
While others cull blossoms, I find but a blight,
And sigh for the days that are gone,
I stray where the dew falls, thro’ moonlighted
groves;
Ami Hit to the nightingale’s song;
Her plaints still remind me of long banish'd joys,
And the sweets of the days that are gone.
Each dew drop that steals from the dark eye of
night,
Is a tear for the bliss that is flown;
While others cull blossoms,! find but a blight,
And sig h foi the days that are gone.
[From the N. O. Picayune, 2 6th sisk]
Prom the Rio Grande-
The ship Tahmaroo, Capt. St. Clair, arrived
at this port yesterday, last from the Brazos.
She sailed from Vera Cruz on the 27th ult. and
touching at the Brazos sailed thence on the sth
iust. Capt. A C. Burgess, Mr. M. Devine and
forty-live teamsters and soldiers came over on
the Tahmaroo.
Capt. Edward B. Bill, of the 10th Infantry,
died at sea on hoard this ship on the 12th inst.,
and, as is reported to us. of yellow fever. Ills
remains were brought to this city for interment.
CapCjAill was a resident of Chicago, and his
mother resides at Napicrvilie, 111. lie had
been despatched by Gcu. Taylor on some spe
cial duty.
The steamer Ann Chase sailed from Bra
zos on the stk inst. for Vera Cruz with a por
tion of Col. Hays’s regiment. Col. Hays him
self and the remainder of the battalion under
his immediate command, were still at the Bra
zos on tbe 7 th.
The yellow fever has broken out in Matarao
ros. The Flag of the 2d inst, says that four or
five cases had terminated fatally, but is of opin
ion that the disease will scarcely become epi
demic at so advanced a period of the season.
We also hear it said that there have been seve
ral cases of fever at the Brazos.
The Flag of the 2d inst. says that a letter has
been received by the commandant at Matamo
ros from Gen. Taylor in which he announces
that he will leave Monterey for Matamoros
about the Ist of November, and make the latter
city his headquarters. We trust this may be
merely preliminary to a visit to his family in
this State. It has long been understood that
the general disigned returning in November,
should the position of affairs enable him to do
so for a brief space.
From a passenger by the Tahmaroo wo have
a questionable rumor which was in circulation
on the Bio Grande that Gen. Urrea was about
to make a descent upon the lower Bio Grande
by the way of Victoria at the head of 12,000.
This number is doubtless an exaggeration, but
that the whole line of the Bio Grande is very
inadequately guarded we have not a doubt.
Reinforcements must be sent there.
A kind of civil war has broken out on the
Bio Grande lictwecn the robber gangs and the
ranchero«. The former plunder chiefly their
own countrymen. Finding their outrages in
supportable the rancheros are arming to put
them down. The Flag relates that recently the
robbers seized upon some goods belonging to
a brother of one of the alcaldes of Matamoros.
The worthy magistrate became incensed on
hearing of it, and authorized the rancheros to
make war upon the robbers. A company of
rancheros was immediately organized under
Macedonia Capestran, who went in pursuit of
the robber chief Cisucro, who had been the
terror of the neighborhood for some time past.
Capestran fell in with Cisncro on the road, and
he gave battle from a breastwork that lie made
out of the packs from the mules which he had
unloaded for the purpose. Nino of the robbers
were killed after considerable fighting and the
remainder fled to the ehapparal, closely pursued
by Capestran and a party from Burgos, headed
by a gentleman whose brother these same rob
bers had murdered a short time previous. They
were still in pursuit when the Flag’s informant
left,and as the robbers fled without horses,there
was every reason to believe that none will
escape^
We learned yesterday on the best authority,
that by the Tahmaroo a letter was received in
this city from an officer at Matamoros, stating
that Col. Randal, Deputy Paymaster General
of the United States, who lately started with
$300,000 for Gen. Taylor’s army, escorted by
Col. Butler’s 3d Dragoons, (five companies,)
had reached Cerralvo, at which point it was as
certained that the guerrillas were in such force
in front as to render a halt necessary, and Col.
Butler at once sent back for reinforcements.—
More troops arc wanted along the whole line
of posts on the Bio Grande. In the Flag of
the 2d is the following paragraph in relation
to this subject:
Our last accounts from Col. Butler and his
battalion of the 3d Dragoons, left them two
days march beyond Mier. The train which
the dragoons are escorting to Monterey was
halted for several days at Meir, in consequence
of a report received that a largo Mexican force
was preparing to attack it, and a reinforcement
was ordered up from Camargo, consisting of
a company of the 2d infantry, and two pieces
of artillery. Thus strengthened, with Capt.
Belknap in command, the train proceeded on.
The large amount of specie going up under
this escort will prove a tempting bait, but wc
have no idea that the Mexicans will be rash
enough to venture an attack on so largo a
force.
At a certain hour at night in Matamoros all
lights are ordered to be extinguished in coffee
houses, The Flag says the patrol recently
found a light burning in a house of Mr. Young.
The guard ordered it put out, but Mr. Young
remonstrated, saying that his child was very
ill and it was impossible to dispense with the
use of the candle. Thereupon the officers of
the guard ordered a volley to be fired through
the door, which blew it from its fastings. Such
brutality is severely rebuked by tbe Flag.
The steamer Whiteville struck a snag recent
ly fifteen miles above Comargo and sunk. It
was expected she would be raised with little
or no damage to her cargo, consisting of U nited
States stores.
The Flag mentions that a scouting party,
about 100 in number, made up of the com
panies of Capts. Gee and Dunlap, returned on
Thursday, the 30th ult., from an expedition to
Ban Fernando. They reported every thing quiet
and in subordination in that quarter. The
citizens were at first alarmed and ch)»©d their
doors against the party, but on learning the
object of their visit, extended to them the
hospitalities of their village. The alcaldes were
particularly complacent. The party suffered
much for want of water on the route.
The same paper says a sale of upwards of 200
Government horses took place there on the
29th ult. The sale was well attended and the
horses bid for readily, but at low prices—not
averaging more than ten dollars a head. A
large majority of the horses have not been used
since they were purchased for the Government,
and could not have cost less than SIOO each,
besides cost of transportation, forage and atten
tion for several months. Some explanation of
this may probably be looked for.
General Orders-
Headquarters, 2d Division of Begulars, )
City of Mexico, September 10, 1847. )
Orders Xo. 75. —For the recent and glorious
victories in which the 2d Division so hand
somely participated, the General presents his
thanks to his officers and men.
Although taken from under his immediate
command, his eye and heart followed them
through all the strife, and enabled him to wit
ness with pride and pleasure the high state of
discipline and soldierly bearing displayed at
every point during the late brilliant opera
tions.
To Riley’s brigade, for sustaining its ad
vanced position in front of the Garita of I,a
Piedad and Ban Antonio, keeping the enemy
in check for several days, and finally driving
in his pickets, and for supporting the battery
which silenced his guns; and also to Capt.
Stcptoo, his officers and men, for the very
handsome manner in which they silenced his
battery at the Garita of San Antonio, and
drove the enemy’s guns within the walls of
the city, the General would also return his
warmest thanks.
To Smith’s Brigade, forehanging itself from
a supporting to an attacking force, by which it
captured an important battery at the base of
Chapnltcpcc, and for entering the capital of
the enemy in advance of all other troops, and
there planting the old-fashioned stars and
stripes first on the National Palace of Mexi
co, is due more of commendation than the
General has words to express.
The General again offers his thanks to the
officers of the Medical Corps, for the zeal and
ability displayed in alleviating the condition
of the wounded and sick.
The gallant deeds of the immortal dead,
fallen in their country’s cause, will ever be an
incentive to the brave and good of the army.
By order of Brig. Gen. Twiggs.
P. W. MCDONALD, Aid-dc-Camp.
Office of the Civil and Military Governor, )
National Palace, September 90, 1817. \
All persons, whether public or private indi
viduals, to whom tobacco, segars, puros, or
any other public property, moneys or credits
have been entrusted by the Mexican Govern
ment, or its agents, fur safe-keeping or for
sale, are required, without delay, to present
at this office written statements of the amounts
and places of said deposits ; or just accounts
of the disposition of the same, with proper
vouchers.
J. A. QUITMAN, Maj. Gen. and Governor.
Office of the Civil and Military Governor, )
National Palace, September 29, 1817. (
To enable the city authorities to raise the
contribution levied upon them, the following
orders are made with the approbation of the
G encral-in- Chief:
I. The municipal authorities of the city and
district will retain all their usual sources of
revenue. In addition thereto, the internal
customs and duties which have heretofore been
collected at the Customhouse, City Gates and
elsewhere, arc for the present, surrendered to
the Ayuntamiciito to be collected and disposed
of by them, subject to such modifications and
orders as may from time to time bo received
from this office, or from the General-in-Chief.
11. The management and revenues of the
Postoffice arc likewise for the present yielded
up to the Ayuntamiento.
111. After setting a>idc a supply of the
public segars and tobacco, sufficient for two
months’ consumption, to be distributed in kind
to the army, the residue will bo disposed of to
the municipal authorities at the rate of— per
arroba, with leave to dispose of it in the man
ner and at the prices heretofore usual with the
Mexican Government. The price and the
terms of the sale to the Ayuntamiento, to be
determined on between them and the principal
Quartermaster of the Army.
IV. Tobacco not belonging to the Mexican
Government, ami which may hereafter be
brought into market, may be disposed of by
the city authorities as heretofore.
V. All supplies for the Army shall be intro
duced free of any duty or charge whatever.
VI. Semi-weekly reports of the receipts into
the City Treasury, and of the expenditures
will bo made to the Civil and Military Govern
or. J. A. QUITMAN,
Maj. Gen. U. S. A. and Civil and Military
Governor.
[From the Charleston JVcrw.]
War between Massachusetts and South
Carolina.
Horkida Bella.
“ Zounds, show me what thou’lt do.
Woo l weep? woo’t fight? woo ; t fast? woo’t tear
thyself?
VVoo't drink up eisel, eat a croodile?
I ll do it.” [lland'f.
It is truly pitiable to see how utterly uncon
scious arc the good people of South Carolina of
the imminent jeopardy in which they stand.
As faithful sentinels who keep watch and ward
while others sleep, wc feel it a duty to give
thorn timely warning, that the Boston Herald
is down upon them with a war of retaliation
and reprisal, in behalf of “the colored citizens
of Massachusetts;” and that not only has the
note of preparation been sounded within her
borders, but the plan of the campaign maturely
arranged and publicly announced. Bo that
“forewarned, they arc forearmed.” Hear this
Herald of a noisy world!
“ Ascertain whether there are any, and how
many, colored citizens of Massachusetts un
justly detained in South Carolina, or who
have been sold from the prisons of that paltry
State into bondage. If there be any victims,
then proceed to reprisals, since neither the laws
of the Union nor the General Government af
ford us any redress. Authorize the Govern
ment to apply the three-fifths rule to citizens
of South Carolina found within our borders;
seize them at Harvard University, at the Trc
mont House, wherever they can be found;
three for every two citizens of Massachusetts
who are detained in, or have been sold from
South Carolina; and if the number be odd,
take two for the last one. Empower him to
shut up, and treat them precisely as our free
negroes arc treated in Charleston —to confiscate
South Carolina property, and to blockade
South Carolina ports.’ We should soon bring
the guilty oligarchy to reason. We are strong,
she is weak—she is poor, wc arc rich. Wc
have an able bodied population of nearly a mil
lion ; she barely two hundred thousand.”
All this is dreadful; but before coming to tbe
ultima ratio , the last dire resort of nations, let
the Herald and ourselves, after the fashion of
old knight-errantry, hold a little parley to
gether. The Herald mistakes in supposing
that we have any design for the detention of
“the colored citizens” it so much cherishes;
on the contrary we only take bond for their
departure from our limits and speedy return whence
they came , We only take them into safe keep
ing, to the end that they may the more certain
ly be re-delivered were they belong. In this
arc we not th© friends rather than the enemies
of Massachusetts? We do not steal away or
appreciate to ourselves what is the property
of others, but send it back to the rightful
owners. Would Massachusetts deal as fairly
and honestly by us in the matter of our fugitive
slaves, (which belong to us quite as much as
her “colored citizens” to her) there would be
no cause of quarrel between us.
For the rest, the “modus operandi”—the
form of reprisals suggested by the Herald
“ likes us well.” We hope our citizens at
“ Harvard University” and “ the Tremont
House” will take the hint, and establish their
quarters where they willbe safe from “seizure.”
Columbia College and a Southern Hotel would
set them free from all apprehensions on that
score.
Y ill the Herald take our word for one
thing ? The “ blockade of the South Carolina
ports” by Massachusetts will never come to
anything more than a paper blockade.”
Augusta, (Georgia.
FRIDAY MORNING, OCT. 22
ARRIVAL OF THE CAMBRIA*
M e are indebted to our correspondent, the
Charleston Evening News, for the following
slip, which mentions the arrival of the Cam
bria, and gives an outline of the information
brought by her. It is gloomy in the extreme,
and the letters by her will bo looked for with
much anxiety. The quotations for cotton arc
not very plain, and New-Orleans is quoted at
either gor |ths —wo think the latter. Accord
ing to the quotations below, if they are correct,
the cotton market in Liverpool has declined |
a since the sailing of the last steamer.
[From our Correspondent.]
EVENING NEWS-EXTRA, >
Charleston, Oct 21—10£ A. M.
ARRIVAL OF THE CAMBRIA.
[Correspondence of the Evening News ]
Telegraphic Despatch
BALTIMORE, Oct. 19—5 o’clock P. M.
The Cambria has arrived at Boston.
American Flour has declined in England 26
to 28.; Western, 25 to 265.; Richmond, 22 to
235.
Corn —Prime White 30 a 355.
Corn and Meal has also declined in England.
Cotton —Upland 5J a 6J; Orleans 6g.
Western Lard 7
Money market horrible.
Failures immense.
Cockerel Company failed for £OOO,OOO.
Hon. Alex. Everett died in China.
French steamer Missouri arrived.
Ncw-York, Philadelphia and Baltimore mar
kets unsettled.
Insurrection in Italy.
The Business of Augusta.
Yesterday was quite a lively day with our
merchants, and Broad-street presented the
appearance of times king syne , being filled with
a number of wagons, with four and six horse
teams, the tingling of whose bells sounded
sweet music to th« ears of all. The receipts
of cotton yesterday, by wagons, was much
larger than any former day this season, and we
arc happy to inform our country friends, the
sales were to a fair extent, and at improving
prices. Our quotations, made up to Tuesday
evening, were from 9A to for fair, but on
Wednesday, holders had to submit to a reduc
tion of \ of a cent, in order to effect sales.
Yesterday there was an improved demand,
from some cause or other, and prices rallied,
and the sales made were fully up to the quo
tations given in Wednesday’s paper, for all
qualities.
Since the above was in type, we have tele
graphic advices from Liverpool to the 4th
inst. per steamer Cambria, which are unfavor
able to Cotton. What effect they will have
on our market remains to be seen.
Augusta Theatre-
It will bo seen by advertisement, that Mr.
Forbes, the deservedly popular manager, pro
poses opening the Augusta Theatre on Mon
day Evening, the Ist November. From a let
ter received from him, we learn he would
leave New York on the 20th inst., having en
gaged one of the best stock companies that
has visited the South for some years. Wc ob
serve among the last some of our old favo
rites, such as Fuller and his Lady, Mrs.
Forbes, Miss Clara Ellis, Madame Araline,
and Miss Smith; Messrs. Crisp and Wolfe.
As Madame Bishop, and the operatic troupe
arc expected to visit Charleston this season,
and numerous stars in the theatrical line,
should Mr, Forbes meet with patronage at the
hands of our citizens, ho will not fail to in
duce them to pay Augusta a visit. We'wish
him a warm reception and a good season.
From Vera Cruz-
By a letter received in this city from Capt.
Campbell, of Company G, 13 th Infantry,
-which left this city in April last for Mexico, we
learn that ho and his company had arrived
safely at Vera Cruz from the Brazos.
In the letter before us, Capt. Campbell, says :
“Being somewhat troubled with many let
ters relative to my men, I would be glad if
you would have published in both of the city
papers, the following list of names of mem
bers of my Company, who died at Micr, Mex
ico. The health of the Company is general
ly go od at present.
Corporal IT. M. Torbett. Privates —Chas.
11. Garrard, Francis M. Pitts, John Mallon,
Everett, H. Harper, Nathan T. Quick, Burton
L. Baggett, Nathan Fowler, Enoch B. Dun
can, Thos. J. Bugg.”
The Prosecution of the War.
A correspondent of the New-Orleans Delta,
writing in Yera Cruz under date of 3d inst.
after noticing the arrival of several steamers
and schooners at that port, says—“ By the ar
rivals alluded to, upwards of two thousand
men have been transferred from Brazos and
Tampico, hither, in the short space of four or
Jive days, besides horses, mules and other ap
purtenances belonging to the getting up of
supplies for ‘ carrying on the war,' ”
Pennsylvania-
We have returns from forty-six counties, in
which the vote stands, majorities for Shunk
28,651, and Irvin (Whig) 14,593—-majority this
far for Shunk 14,112. There are thirteen coun
ties more to hear from, which will increase
Shurik's majority.
Ohio
The returns from this State,as far as received,
indicate that the Whigs will have a majority
in both branches of the Legislature.
Telegraph to Montreal-
The Ncav \ork Journal of Commerce of the
18th inst., says —Telegraphic communications
passed through the whole circuit between
this and Montreal, 1021 miles, on Saturday
evening.
A meeting of the citizens of Atlanta was held
on the 11th inst., to make suitable .arrange
ments for accommodation of the Internal
Improvement Convention to be held in that
place on the 23d of November next. The fol
lowing gentlemen were appointed a Committee
of Invitation, viz : Colonel C. F. M. Garnet,
H. C. Holcombe, Col. C. R. Hanlciter, Dr. N.
L. Angier, AY. 11. Thurmond, Esq, A. AV.
AVheat, Reuben Cone, Esq. and AVm. Herring.
The eomittec of arrangements consist of the
following gentlemen : J. Xorcross, Dr. Bomar,
AV. 11, Royal, Dr. G. G. Smith, A. AY. Wheat,
Maj.AY. Ruell, A. B. Forsyth, L. C. Simpson,
Esq. R. AV. Bullard, A. Johnson, T. Doonan,
A. O. Scuife and Captain James Lloyd.
The Magnetic Telegraph-
The Montgomery Flag of 14th inst., says—
“AVe are happy to announce to the stockhold
ers and all concerned, that the line is in active
progress between this place and Columbus,
Goo. and that some forty-five or fifty miles
arc already completed. Air. Hugh Forrior,
the contractor, is rapidly progressing with his
contract towards this city, and has put up first
rate posts—such as light wood, post oak and
chestnut—the most durable wood south. Air.
S. P. Crews, the superiutendant of the work,
is much pleased with the line as far as Air,
Farrior’s contract extends, and thinks by the
first of November it will be complete to our
city.”
Rail Roads in England and Scotland-
The New York Commercial Advertiser,
states that a beautifully executed map of the
English and Scotch railways has been publish
ed, from which it appears that, at the present
time, there are —
Finished and in operation, 3,605 miles
In progress of construction, 6,465 do
Incorporated in 1847—48, 5,618 do
Total, 11,578 do
Area of England and Wale*, 57,800 sq. miles
Area of Scotland, 26,014 do
Total, 83,814 do
[communicated.]
The Wilkes County Rail Road.
Alr. Editor —The events subsequent to the
defeat of our first enterprise are so familiar
to the public, that a very succint account
of them will be sufficient, AVe proposed,
by air informal correspondence with the Pre
sident of the Central Rail Road, to unite with
that road at Tennille depot. The corres
pondence soon made it evident that we would
have less than a moiety of the funds to raise;
that the Central Rail Road would grant most
favorable terms of junction, offering the best
guaranty in her power, by engaging to take
.‘#5100,000 of the stock; and that the road
would pass through a country, whose level
surface and abundance of timber promised
economy in its construction, while the large
amount of produce within a convenient dis
tance from the road, augured favorably for its
business. The direct advantages would, it
could easily bo seen, be superior to those of a
road to Gumming, as paying probably a full
per cent on the stock, and offering the choice
of markets. The collateral advantages would
be no less superior, as giving us a connection
with a second road, which might bring a large
share of summer travel to our healthy section
of country; as enlarging the sphere of trade,
by introducing another market; and as giving
the benefits in general derived from being the
terminus of a longer and more important road.
But without entering into the details of a
comparison, it need only be stated that the en
terprise has been entered on with such spirit
as to leave no doubt among its friends of its
final accomplishment; and among its oppo
nents nouc except by failure to obtain a char
ter.
To the practicability of obtaining and de
fending the charter, we confine ourselves in
the present article. The two points must be
made out by nearly the same line of argu
ment. It may bo safely assumed that the Le
gislature will grant the charter, if it has the
right. It has been the avowed policy of the
government to favor the construction of rail
roads. So thouroughly convinced has it been
of their great public utility., that at a heavy
expense it has built a roao with the public
funds. This is not the place for arguing the
policy or constitutionality of that measure.
It certainly establishes the fact, that the State
holds such works in high favor, deeming them
eminently conducive to the public welfare-
Whatever the strength of sectional opposition
may be, we may well hope that it cannot be
successful without proving itself to be well
grounded in law, or, at least, in equity. AV e
wiil make no attempt to count advocates or op
ponents, trusting that there will be a sufficient
number of disinterested members to decide
upon the merits —on which we arp perfectly
willing to rest.
The Legislature has granted the Georgia
Rail Road certain exclusive privileges. Un
less these bar the State from granting our char
ter, there is nothing in the way. It is on the
extent of these exclusive privileges that we
join issue.
They arc defined in the 2d section of the
original charter, and again referred to in the
16th section of the amendment.
The mere wording of the 2d section refutes
the supposition that it interferes with the
right of chartering our road. It runs thus —
“The company shall have the exclusive privi
lege of constructing rail roads from any point
in this State within twenty miles of the road
heroin designated as the Union Road and its
branches, leading to Eatonton, Athens and
Aladison, continuously to the city of Augusta,
for and during the term of thirty-six years.”
The meaning would be more clearly expres
| sed by inserting parentheses to enclose the
words “leading to Eatonton, Athens and Madi
son,” These words are merely explanatory of
the foregoing words, “its branches.”
A paraphrase such as follows, may relieve
the sentence from the effect of a construction
somewhat complicated. “The company shall
have the exclusive privilege of constructing
rail roads from any point within certain limits,
continuously to the city of Augusta.”
From what points! and, to what point! does
the restriction extend? The answer to the first
would give any number of termini within cer
tain limits, and the answer to the second ques
tion would give a single terminus. Between
any of those found in answer to the first ques
tion, and this latter terminus, no road could
be built coniinuomly without a violation of
the charter. AVe apprehend, then, the mean
ing of the section to be simply this : The com
pany shall have the exclusive privilege of con
structing rail roads which shall terminate at
one end in Augusta, and at the other within
twenty miles of the Georgia 11. lioad, or any
of the specified branches.
This section, although certainly very awk
ward rhetorically, evinces some care in point
of legal accuracy. Fur instance, the words
“in this State” are a necessary restriction, as
without them, the charter would grant an ex
clusive privilege in South Carolina. The
words “leading to Eatonton, Athens and Madi
sou,” are necessary to restrict the words “its
branches,” else branches subsequently built
would otherwise have bad the exclusive privi
leges attached to them also.
The above seems to be a perfectly fair expo
sition of the sentence. It gives it a definite
and consistent meaning, and shows that it was
written with a degree of care which expressed
the meaning with just those limitations de
signed.
Is there any other construction which the
words can bear? AVo have examined them
carefully, and can find no other. But un
doubted!}' a much broader meaning has been
often given them, than that wdiich w'e have
pointed out above. Suppose, by an alteration
of a single word, the latter clause of the sen
tence should read, “the Union Hoad, and its
branches, leading from Eatonton, Athens and
Madison, continuously to the city of Augus
ta.” This would make the whole clause seem
intended to describe what that road w'as,
for twenty miles on each side of which the ex
clusive privilege was granted. This is the
opinion which, from a loose reading of the
sentence, has gained ground, and on which
many opponents of the AVilkcs Hoad may base
their expectations of defeating our charter.
They understand it, that the company has the
exclusive privilege of building rail roads wifh
in tw r onty miles of a certain road—which road
is described as the one “leading from (or rath
er, whose branches lead from) Eatonton,
Athens and Madison, continuously to Au
gusta,”
There is little more doubt that the above in
terpretation has been given to the w'ords of the
charter, than there is that such an interpreta
tion is incorrect. On the supposition that the
word to, in the charter was changed into from,
the sentence would be converted into non
sense. The beginning of the sentence gives
the right “ from any point” within certain lim
its. The question arises, to what point or
points ? The proposition to occurs twice in
the sentence. In the first place it follows the
word “leading” —and refers to the branches
j which lead from the Union Hoad to Eatonton,
i Athens and Madison. The second word to, is
I the correlative of the word from, and shows
i that the roads from the points as defined, run
to Augusta. , This is the true meaning.
But the erroneous interpretation which has
been referred to, virtually changing the first
word to into from, makes the second to the cor
relative of the second from. The first word
from is therefore left w ithout a correlative,
expressed or implied.
This view would have been by no means
worth confuting if it had not been that on
which many supposed the exclusive privilege
to rest. There are other inconsistencies in it
which need not be pointed out. Our readers
will recollect that the error in so long a sen
tence is much more easily made than correct
ed, and will pardon us for the stress laid on
particles—on which it Is evident the sense de
pends.
AVe wish it then to be distinctly held in view
that the error above mentioned is one into
which many a careless reader has fallen—and
yet that it is very clearly an error —that the
sentence is not ambiguous; that though a lit
tle complicated, it can bear but one meaning.
These points have each an important bearing
on the subsequent argument.
AVe must again put ourselves upon the in
dulgence of our readers for devoting so long a
space to this section of the charter. Those
who on the first reading gain the correct idea,
can hardly estimate the difficulty of disabus
ing a mind which has once received a false im
pression of the meaning.
It has been asked by persons who like to re
fine with some nicety on the limits of the lit
eral grant of privilege*—whether a road run
ning from some point more than twenty miles
from the Georgia Hoad continuously to the city
of Augusta, would violate the letter ot the
charter. The answer is undoubtedly in the
affirmative. Such a road must of course come
within twenty miles of the Georgia Hoad be
fore reaching the city. From the first point
at which it comes within twenty miles, it would
be strictly within the restriction of the charter,
being a road from this point within, the allow
ed limits, continuously to the city.
It might be further remarked that the Com
pany would haver the privilege of building
roads which for a part of their course would
not fall within twenty yiiles of the Georgia 1-ail
Hoad, or its branches. For example, a road
from some point nearly twenty miles above
Athens, to Augusta, would be strictly within
privilege granted to the Company ; al
though part of its course would be icithout
the twenty miles limit. This serves to show
that the legislature did not cut out a solid
slice of the State forty miles vide, with
branches of the same width, and commit its
prosperity to the keeping and discretion of the
- Georgia Hail Hoad Company. The twenty
* mil cs limit is merely the limit of that section
of country from which they can build roads to
; Augusta. Such roads, provided they begin
1 within twenty miles of the road or its branches
and terminate in Augusta, need not be con
■ fined to the twenty miles limit throughout
their course. And other roads which do not
terminate in Augusta, although they com
mence within the forty miles, claimed by the
Georgia Kail Hoad Company, arc not prohi
bited by the charter.
AVe trust that the above section has been
discussed so as clearly to evolve its meaning,
and prove that it by no interpretation can con
flict with our right to a char ter.
The limits of a newspaper article compel us
to defer the discussion of the section in the
amendment to another time.
MODERATION.
AVashixgtox, Sept. 20, 1847.
Disinterestedness of Gen Taylor-
The following extract from a letter of
Col. Jefferson Davis, in reply to an invi
tation to attend a barbacuo in the parish of
Concordia, La., in honor of Gen. Taylor,
shows why the advance on San I nils Potosi
was not made, and places in a proper light the
recommendation, on the part of Gen. Taylor,
that a part of his force should be. despatched
to reinforce Gen. Scott:
Brierfield, Aliss., Sept. 24, 1847.
*******
Valuable and brilliant as have been the pub
lic services of Gen. Taylor, attracting the ad
miration and gratitude of bis countrymen
throughout our broad Union, those who have
known him best will equally remember and
honor him for the purity, the generosity, and
unostentatious magnanimity of his private
character. His colossal greatness is presented
In the garb of the strictest republican simpli
, city; and to this no doubt, in a great degree,
may be referred the feeling you describe when
you say, “we are learning to regard him with
a filial affection.”
L To speak of Gen. Taylor as one who has
i known him long and well, I will say, that his
life has been devoted to the service of his
country for no other reward than the con
sciousness of serving it well —and that for
1 many years past, the goal of his desire has
I been a private station, as soon as his official
obligations would permit, to retire to the en
joyment of the sovereignty of a citizen of the
t United States.
i Before closing, I will recur to a recent and
characteristic exhibition of his disinterested pa
, triotism. He was called on, by the Adminis
tration, for his opinion as to the host mode of
: prosecuting the war with Mexioo. In view of
1 the embarrassments which surrounded Gen.
! Scott, and the importance of the operations in
which he was engage*!,Gen. Taylorrecommed
; edthat a portion of his command be sent to re
inforce the southern column. For the good
of his country, he sacrificed his long deferred
hope of an advance at the moment of its ful
filment, and doomed himself to the worst
punishment of a soldier —inactivity on a line
of defences. For the good of his country, all
personal ambition, all rivalry, were forgotten
—-he gave his vest also to the man who had
taken his coat, and left him exposed to the
storms of Buena A'ista.
Permit me to offer you for the occasion :
Gen. Taylor. —The soldier who “never sur
renders;” the citizen whose lovo is “for tho
country, the whole countrythe man whose
sacrifices arc all of himself.
Very respectfully, vours,
JEFFERSON DAATS.
The Launch
finite a largo number of spectators assem
bled at Gadsden’s wharf, yesterday afternoon
| to witness the Launch announced, in our last.
Everything being ready, at half-past 3 o’clock
the after block was knocked away, and tho
beautiful vessel loosened from her earthly tics,
gracefully glided into the water, amid the
bearty’cheers of the gratified spectators. She
is named the “ Harriet and Martha,” and is
commanded by Capt, Leslie. — Char. Mercury,
21s£ inct.
Maine Representaotie Election. —The fifth trial
to elect a representative in Augusta last Mon
day, resulted in the election of Hon. Ilcuel
AVilliams. The vote stood as follows: Hon. It,
AViliiams (dem.) 4-38; J. W. North, esq. (whig)
120; scattering 47. The town was represent
ed last year by Severance, ted. This election
was influenced by the railroad question, un
doubtedly.
There was no choice of representatives in tho
district of Ilodgdon and Linneus in Aroostook
country, on the second — Portland Argus, trial
Oct, 14*.
Special Notices.
QjT MU. L. LA TASTE will deliver a Lec
ture This Evening, at his Lecture Room, corner of
Green and Jackson-slreets, on the SCIENCE OF
ASTONOMV, with beautiful illustrations with a
new and splendid Magic Lantern.
Tickets, 50 cents; one Gentleman and two La
dies, $1; Children from other schools, half price.
Oct. 22 1—
AUGUSTA FIRE COMPANY.
There will be a general meeting of the Compa
ny in Greene-street, in front of the Methodist
Church, on Saturday, the 30th inst., sit 3 o’clock P
M., for practice and inspection.
By order of the Chief Engineer,
F. LAMBACK.
Wm. Phillips, Sec’y A- f. c. Oct. 19
TAXES !
LAST AND FINAL NOTICE!
Unless your TAXES are paid previous to the Ist
November next, I shall issue Executions against
all defaulters.
Office on Eilisrstreet, at mv Stables.
Ji. A- WATKINS.
N. B.—Always present except from hours U
to 2. Oct. 20
ITT DR. J. A. S. MILLIGAN, will at*
tend to the practice of Medicine and Surgery, iu
Augusta and its vicinity.
Office in Metcalfs Range, up stairs. Entrance
one door below Mr. J, Marshall’s Drug Store.
June 13 6m 215
FUNERAL NOTICE.
The Friends and Acquaintance of Mr. and Mrs
A. G. Bull and Mr. and Mrs. Geo. W- Morgan, are
invited to attend Ihe FUNERAL of Mrs. BULL,
THIS AFTERNOON, at 3 o’clock, resir
dence of Geo. W. Morgam^^^^^OcLj'^^
DEATHS.
In Griffin, Ga., on Saturday, 16th inst., Mr.
: Dawson Milburn, a member of the t annin
. Avengers,” who marched under Captain Sargent
to Mexico. Mr. Milburn came home in ill-hcalt,
from which he never recovered, and died as ano
New Orleans, on the 16th inst., £
’ Jewell, printer, and one of the IncantacJ° n
soners. a native of Pittsburg- Pa.