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TH E CON STITUTtON ALI ST.
JAMES GARDNER, JR.
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BY OCR PON Y EXPRESS.
4JJ HOURS i> AD VAN CM OF Til E MAIL.
[Trom the .V. Os Pira'janr, 3D< nit.)
••OCR C.VWVSS IjITEXt\I>LV WHITEN THE
Ocean.” —Some idea of the magnitude of the
commerce of New Orleans may he formed from
the fact we are about to announce. There
were yesterday fifty arrivals in or.r port, viz:
13 ships, 9 barks, (j brigs, 5 schooners. 10 steam
towboats and 7 up-river steamers. The square
rigged vessels were mostly from foreign port-.
The large number of -Odd passengers lauded
on the levee from these vessels. Much the
larger portion of these immigrants are from •
Europe, who design settling in “the laud of :
the free and the asylum for the oppressed of
all nations.” We learn that there are fifteen
ahips and a number of other vessels in the river
Coming up.
Steamboats Accident. —The towboat Cale
donia in coming up the river Wednesday night,
with several vessels in tow, struck a snag
twelve miles below the city, and was immedi- 1
Btely run on the fiats, where she sunk to her
lower decks. No lives were lost. ('-apt. Beebee
immediately despatched towboats to her as
sistance. — lb.
Examination and Inquest.—On Thursday,
information was received by the coroner of the
county that the murder of an infant had been
perpetrated by a Mrs. Howard, who lives on
St. Louis street, between Cedar and Warren
etrccts. The coroner accordingly proceeded
to the premises, and found that Mrs. Howard,
some days ago, gave birth to a child, which
phe had concealed or murdered. By questioning
the woman it was ascertained that the birth
had surreptitiously taken place —that the child
had died, and that it was buried on the premises
of the mother. The body was exhumed, and
a jury of inquest summoned to examine it.
Drs. Ketchum and Miller were employed to
make a post mortem examination. The remit
of the inquiry was a verdict, stating that the
child “came to its death by wilful design and
palpable neglect.”
Afterwards, John, a slave of Samuel Fry,
and Esther, (the midwife) slave oi’Jaques Le
fort, were arrested, and are to be examined, as
aiders and abettors in the crime, before Justice
Wiggins on the 3d inst., at 10 o’clock, a. in.—
A warrant for the arrest of the mother has also
been issued, but her condition is such that she
cannot be brought into court.
The information which lead to the discovery
of this heinous crime, was given by Captain
Cohen, of the city guard, to whose exertions on
the occasion, much praise is given by those
who are acquainted with the circumstances of
the case. Much praise is also duo to Mr. At
kinsomone of the city guar d. —Mobile Tribune,
Ist inst.
The remains of Lieut. Moragne, of the South
Carolina regiment, w ere received here yester
day from New Orleans. The remains of Col.
Butler of the same regiment are expected to
day.— lb.
The Cotton Trade.
Hunt’s Merchants’ Magazine for December,
cwitaiiis a paper of much interest to the plan
ter ns well as merchant on the course of the
cotton trade for the past, and chc prospects for
the coining year. The whole article is too
long for out space, but we find it condensed
road'v to our bauds in the New Orleans Com
mercial Times. It is as follows:
The chief influences which, during the past
Near, affected our great staple, and which
have to a-considerable extent balanced each
rtjipr, w ere the certainty of a short crop and
the scarcity of food in Lu-ropc the one tend
ing continually to produce a r>e, and the
other counteracting this tendency', by advanc
ing the rates of freight, and diminishing the
consumption of the inanu.uufcurers. Accord
ing to the table of Wright and Lew in, the
New York prices for fair Orleans C otton ha>c
varied, from January to September, only 15?.,
•which is less than 15 per cent, on the lowest
rates. The new commercial y ear has, how
ever, opened unfavorably for the C otton trade.
Though the stock in European markets is light,
and lire prospect of abundant harvests, fur,
the demand for the staple has been seriously
curtailed fey commercial embarrassments in
Great Britain, a languid trade in the manufac
turing districts, and the probability oi an ave
rage Oottou crop.
In estimating prices for the coming year,
the writer takes several important considera
tions into view. 1 irst, the amount ot stock
in the Liverpool market, which was about
400,090 bales in the middle of (/etober, being
146,000 less than the stock of the previous
*.l. ~ of tliD \MI • PAftnr.
rear; next the supply oitiic Americas cotton.
Without pursuing the calculations of the ar
ticle, it is sufficient to state that it estimates
£-rop as follows: New Orleans unci iexas,
*050,000' bales; Mobile, 425,000; Florida,
155,000; Georgia, 245,000; South Carolina,
3£0,000; and other places 25,000 —total 2,250,-
000 bales.. From India,the receipts have large
ly increased'-during tlic present J car, and the
crop is estimated at 190,000 bales, or about the
game as in 1847. From other places, besides
the United States and India, the receipts in
Great Britain are small and stationary, averag
ing for the last years 168,050 bales. The
whole supply from-all these sources will then
be as follows:
Crop of 1 1io United States 9,050,000
Receipts in Great Britain from India 190,000
,4 <• « other places 170,000
Total- supply. 2,610,000
The next point examined is the probaule
demand.. The demand Indite F nited. States,oi
the home consumption, has been somewhat
ehjeckM during the past year, in consequence I
of the importation of. an: immense supply of
Knglish manufactures, at low prices, under
the tariff of 1848. The consumption of 184 7
was 428,000 bales* or nearly the same as that
of the year previous, and the estimate for IS4B
docs not exceed 460,000 bales, ihe consump
• -tron iu France fell off‘during the year, in con
sequence of monetary difficulties and tuc
price of food. It will probably be aided in
1848 by good harvests and moderate rates.
Jt is estimated at 800,000, against 230,000 for
1847. In Great Britain the decrease m the
consumption for the present year has been ««i-
Tp.qviO' Ihe total vd G-v up
’ Sept. 17th, arc 800,350 bales, against 1,118,500 j
fur the preceding year; and the total consump- !
tioa for the United Kingdom was, for the first
six months of 1817, 614,643, against ft con- j
sumption for the first six months of the year J
previous, of 832,000 bales. Ihe entire con
| sumption for 1817 will not probably exceed !
1,250.090 bales, being an average decline of
about 300,0*0 bales from the consumption of
1446 and 181-3. The decline has chiefly been
: in the home demand, the export trade not
having seriously diminished. After allowing
! for the operation of the various causes at work
to augment and depress the demand in the j
English market, the conclusion is reached,that
it will attain 1,400,000 bales, or about half
wav between the consumption for 1846 and
j 1647.
The demand from other places is now con
siderable, and is frequently irregular and nu
j certain. During the present year, it is esti
i mated, upon toleraVy correct data, at 330.000
bales, and with moderate prices, is calculated
in 1818 to reach, 370,000 bales. The total de
mand, is therefore, as follow:
mill AND.
ISIT. !<?}«. ■
Wants of the United States 4110,000 440,000
| “ Groat Britain 1,250, (MI 1,*00,0)0
“ in Franco of Ant. ration 2-0,000 3~0,000 ,
Tin’ts from the L'. 8. and England. 320,00) 370,000
Total demand 9,280,000 2,510/KM)
By comparing the supply and demand, con
cludes the writer, it will be seen that they
promise to be nearly the same. Prices may, 1
therefore, be expected to be near their average
rate, neither high nor low; If they should
fall below this at any time, tlie increased con
sumption, with the present diminished stocks,
would immediately bring up prices; while the i
experience of last year shows that they' cannot
be kept higher, without stopping the English
manufactories, and thereby decreasing the
! consumption below the probable supplies; The
prospect* of the planter are good; a fair crop
at fair prices, is better for him than a large
crop at low prices, or a short crop at high pri- j
ces. The golden mean is better than either
abundance or scarcity;
Augusta, Georgia.
WLDN33DAY MORNING, JAN. 5.
rib" No mail last evening from offices north
of Charleston,
i The papers by the Western mail failed to
come to hand yesterday morning. The let
ters, however, came through',* and with them
our Pony Express, bringing us advices from ;
New Oilcans 48 hours iu advance of the mail.
“ In our telegraphic report from Yv'ash
. ington, published yesterday, iu was erroneous
ly stated that Jefferson Davis was appointed
Minister to China. V should have been John
\V*. Davis, the late Speaker.
We have had the pleasure of perusing
a letter to a gentleman of this county from an
officer of the army, who left the city of Mex
ico on the 9th ult., which states that at that
j date Capt. William Henry* Walker was in a
fairway of recovery, and that possib'"? he
would leave Mexico for the United States by
the next train. This news will be hailed with
. the highest gratification by our citizens, who
have for some time been* in painful suspense
as to the result of the severe wound this gal
lant son, of Georgia received while at the head
of his command leading on the attack Upon
the fortress of Chapultepec.
rF’The following officers and privates of
the Palmetto Regiment passed through our
• city yesterday morning : Lieut. Muy, Scrg’ts.
Dunovant, Beard, Pagan, Corporal Smith,
Privates Lomax, Hardwick, Robins and Ih
. graham.
County Officers
The following is the result of the election
held in this county on Monday last for Coun
ty Officers :
x2* *8 5 j
* • ’ * ‘ * |
Clerk Sup. ami Inf. Court.
Janies Md:ws 535 22'33( 45'4lj(>SO
L. ib Dugas 203; 12p3 7| 3,342
Shrnf. I j
Win. V. Kfir 68j|35 33 40138:850
Tar Collector.
i E. G. Tinslev !3391 2 ! -‘O, 1 00,302
R A. Wat kins :v.:. ATI. 1 1 ] joi» 323
L. H. Mm (they j 47 3 10|14|38 112
P. F. Ilniscloir. ! 57 00i 8| 7 fOO 72
M. S-;<g o !3300j23 14 j 00 70
Runt nr Tux li funis.
[sham Thia.ipsoii. 1392! 10 i 4 3. T.fiSl?
.Alexander Philip |3C«;25. 12|12j Sj-tll
Cormier.
Joshua Walker. ....1314 18,4Gj 15(32 42.7
.1. W. Meredith 1230 6 1 li)|‘JOj3o7
C. T. Rich 73 I 5 14 lj 34
Sum uor.
E. J. Tarver
The Pardon of Wm. L. Williams.
This event has created so much feeding in
this community as to justify some comments
from the public press. But the circumstances
of the case, and the reflections they suggest,
give it a general importance to the whole
public of our State, and rob it of the charac
ter of being a mere local question.
The fact that Williams was pardoned, cre
i ated general surprise in our community. The
news was really astounding, and we presume
i that wherever the evidence was known the sur
-1 prise must have been quite as complete. The
homicide not only came up fully to the legal
definition of murder as laid down in the penal 1
code of Georgia, but was marked by circum- :
stances- of “malice a fore thought,” which do not
often occur in our country. It did not claim
anything from cur sympathies from having
been the hasty result of sudden heat of passion
which too often hurries infirm humanity into
the dreadful crime of shedding a brother’s
blood.
"Why then, it will be asked—it is asked on
all sides —did the Legislature pardon: ilhere
was no public sentiment in favor of such
clemency.. There was no petition in favor of
it —there was nothing to indicate that the
community in which the offence occurred and
the trial took place thought the verdict of the
Jurv or the sentence of the Court UNJUST.
All this is true, and the Legislature was not
misinformed of the state of public opinion, in
Augusta on that point. There were two pe
titions before it. One very numerously sign
ed in favor of a commutation of punishment—
the other not so numerously signed, but hav
ing attached to it the names of many of our
most respectable citizens, protesting against
any interference with the sentence of the law.
But the petition in favor did not state that
the finding of the Jury was contrary to law,
ncr that any evidence had been subsequently
discovered. It was couched in the language
of r.tfe-dj,. appealing to th« merry of the
I
Legislature—not Invoking its interference for
purposed ol'justice. There vas no petition
before it for an absolute pardon. Mr. Walk
er, of Richmond, who presented the petition
! for Commutation, stated that a petition for a
pardon Could not get twenty signatures in
Riehhiond county.
The circumstances w hich brought about the j
pardon of Williams, arc the following; The |
bill for the commutation of his punishment !
was introduced into the lower House. At ,
that time, there was a healthy tone of feeling 1
in the House on the subject. Some members
opposed the bill because they considered the 1
verdict just, and saw nothing in the case to
justify any interference with the sentence of
the law. Others believed that the Legislature '
had not the constitutional right to commute.
These two sots of persons combined were
strong enough to defeat the bill, and it was j
lost on the dual vote, after considerable dis
i cession. The constitutional scruple decided i
the fate of the bill; otherwise it would probably :
have passed. It Is to be regretted that the
case wa» embarrassed with this difficulty —
otherwise justice would not have been so ;
| completely baulked. Tint pententiary would !
have received an additional inmate, who cer- !
toinly did not deserve a better disposal of his 1
1 person.
The grounds of this constitutional difficul
ty, are the following:
The constitution of the State of Georgia
nowhere, indirect terms, vests the Legislature
wRh the power of commuting punishments-
It vest* that power with the Governor alone, if
remitting any part of a sentence may be so call
! ed except in one contingency hereafter stated.
It vests in him also the power of pardoning
in all cases except two which are named —to
wit: Treason and Murder. The power to par
don these is vested in: the Legislature, in ex
| press terms. The Governor can grant, if be
| sees proper, respites of the execution, in or
der to allow the Legislature to exercise its
1 . ®
constitutional prerogative.
The clause of the constitution is as follows,
and is all that it says on the subject of re
prieves and pardons:
••lie (the Governor) shall have power to
grant reprieves for offences against the State,
except in cases of impeachment, and to grant
pardons, or to remit any part of a sentence, in
all cases after conviction, except treason or
murder, in which cases he may respite execu
tion, and make report thereof to the next
General Assembly, by whom a pardon may
|be granted.” 7th see. 2d art.
Here it is very plain that the Legislature is
not vested in words with the authority to
commute the punishment attached to the
, offences of treason and murder —nor to remit
any part of a sentence. It lias the power to
pardon only.
The Governor, however, is vested with dis
cretion on this point, and can cither grant a
i full pardon, or remit. "Why this distinction,
if the greater power contains, or was intend
ed to contain the less r It Is claimed by some,
and it was asserted by those members who
contended that the Legislature might consti
j 3 3
tutioually pass the bill for commutation, that
the snpercrainent power to pardon doc 7 neces
sarily, by the' fores of terms, include the
minor power to commute. It is ini' >! ;■ arith
metic and in'physics, fliat “d' ■ is great
er than a part,” and it is tr . as in
* law, that the greater propus.it. , the
: less — major continet minus. lint seems
j to be deprived of its applicability nr the rase
! under consideration.
j Another rule in law is equally clear, and
I soe’ns here to obtain a direct and distinct an
t .
plication. ‘‘Jbxjprcssio unius es* e.cc'timo alicrnts.
j The expire*: ton of pne thing is the exclusion
of another. The grunt of one power, is the
exclusion of another; mart cspeC.'ail) is this,
where it is plain that the two powers of par
i don arnl of commutation, or of remission of a
; portion ofa sentence,arc held as distinct and are
j separately granted. The people in convention
j did grant the two separately and distinctly to
I the Governor, if they considered that one
included the other —tin + the power of pardon
included the power of commutation, they
would have used the former term alone in the
grant of Executive power. Having made the
distinction, and thus disavowed the principle
i that "the greater power included the less
i power, the Legislature is restricted, and has no
I power to commute,
This view' of the case derives addition
al confirmation from the fact that by a
late law, the power of commutation is
! given, in express terms, in a certain con
tingency, to the Judges of the Superior
i Courts. This is in the case of a convic
tion for a capital offence upon circumstan
tial evidence. In that case it is in the power
of the presiding Judge if he secs proper, to
commute the punishment from death, to im
prisonment for life in the Penitentiary. It
was under this grant of power that Livennan
was sentenced.-
! The fact that the power to commute is thus
I expressly granted would seem to deprive any
other co-ordinate branch of the government of {
the right to derive the power by implication.
But whether this view be correct or'not, it j
was adopted by many members of the Legisla- I
turc, and their votes were controlled by it when
the bill for commutation was before the lower
House. The reasoning was not set forth.— I
VTe heard no argument on or elucidation of the
position in the debates. But the view taken
i by legal minds was as we have here set it
forth. The bill was lost in the Ht)use by a
considerable majority.
The next step was the introduction of the
bill into the Senate for the pardon of YrTlliaras. |
The alternative there was — to ha.no, or to
pardon. It was believed that the scruples of
the House on the constitutional point would
I forbid the passage of a bill to commute. The
bill to-pardon, was lost by the casting vote of
the President. It was re-considered and
passed, and went to theTlouse.,
In the meantime, a change had there been
wrought. ’William’s wife and little daughter
had arrived. A new element was brought to
'bear. -The - sympathies .of the members be
came enlisted, and appeals to the mercy of-the-
House became loud and vehement. The Sen
! ate had already receded from its stern atti
tude cf justice, and had weakly a» we think,
AUGUSTA WHOLESALE PRICES CURRENT, JANUARY 5. 13 48.
ARTICLE;*. ,/Vr. l WivUsaLe, | Duty. jj
BAGOl.VG —Gunny, 21 to -3 >. r . ct.
Kentucky...... 17 to 19 !
BALK ROPE— Manilla...j ft, , Jo to 1* ho pr. ct. |j
Kentucky..).,.. to 10 ;
■ RflCO.V— Hams 9 to 10 )
sub- 9to 10 GiO pr. ct.
fcliouKiera .... 7//to 81 )
B UTTER —Guslieo, prime ft, 23 ;v *OS 20 pr. ct.
Country 10 to 15
| C-EVDLES —Spermaceti! 34 to 371 20 pr. ct.
Georgia made .... 13ito> 15 t
Northern “. 17*** 16 J 9O ct -..
1
; COJ-'f'EE —Cuba 6 to 9 j
Ri0.... - to J 1
Java 12; ir 15 > hc-o.
Li^yura. - . Id J
( Shirting*} Ufouu, 3-1. jd. s>i tj
i >4 j “ “ 7-8. 7‘. to 6
| i “ •- yd. wd- 174 to 2d
g | Sheetings, brown, 5-4. .... i - ai 15
j u ■( bleached, 5-1 .... Jo •£ 20
c; j ('heck : ; 10 #t Jo .
5 ! ilcd Tick ;... 12 no IS ,
g j osaabiugs Boz 1(1 to 11 j '
( Yarn (assorted) ft 17 to 19
FlSJt —Mackerel, -\o. 1... bbl. 13 to M v
l>o. So. 2 2 ki> t)l no pr
lh». No. 0.i.. 7ako 3 S
; FLOUR—Sew Oilcans. uouk.
Canal...; 8 00 -a, 8 30 '■ 30 pr. ct.
Georgia 5 00 to 5 50 }
GR.ilX—Cotn bus. 45 to 50 j
Oat; 37 to Id i** L ■■
, a ('.VP OH DKli — keg. 5 TO to 3 75
HIDES— Dry <a> )
Dry, salted Bto 9 j~ u pr. ct.
i HAT— Eastern 105. Hi! i
! North River to j 2O ! >r ' ct '
I IRO.V— rig 105. to ho pr. ct.
.Swedes, assorted. ton. 4jpu) j l , 30 pr. ct
Hoop 100. Otto 7 J,
Sheet ft Bto 10 i' J * nr ' 6t -
Nail Rods 1 f> to 7
\ LK-ID Fig and liar UK). 6to 7
Sheetll 71,. 1 , to 8 [-20 j»r. ct.
White Lead 7 Lto 9 )
LIME- bbl.. I 50 it 9 50l
. MOLASSES— Cuba gal.. 2d to' 30 /
N. Orleans j 37Ato iO j 3O P r - <*’
I ,\\3. r L> —Cut, 4tl to 20d...'...J opto) 54 33j>r. ct. |
j j txxacam. rstJLimrnmrnm
EXPORT'S OF COTTON TO FOREIGN AND COASTWISE PORTS. COMMENCING IST. SEPTEMBER, 1846.
~ " " savannah: charleston: N. ORL£AN«r NEW YORK. OTHER. PORTS. TOTAL.
WHITHER EXPORTED. 1347/ 1846. 184 7. 18*S. 1847-
I Li VC r,) W ol ... ,'f. 7,116 20,133
J!, uil Viiil !!!’?so !!!!!!! *”h”.4«i 2.-?io 930 220 .... ........
Glasgow ami Greenock j,iui a n IV . IA ~. >w ~-.n
Cork and a Market fW* _ 3 ’ o<S9 t* 'lL 3 r:\— Ml--
Total to Great Britain 1 7,110 21,274 27,141 _37,394 11,901 5,144 84,328 64,056 _ 21,905 22,733 1,913 651 154,334 151.432
ll,vie jg92d 13,265 20,852 12,024 1,890 - 77! Tl
, Bordeaux 610
Marseilles 482 9,604 9,971.; 1,803 2,425
Mantes 159 ._. 2,183 345 466 ..........
ToT Uto Franco —2,672 4,928 f;T,424. 217»4 12,024 1,890 53,013 25,381 23.808 18,9 M 1 ,35 ,r 106,9110 71,647
' Am.«t.*ro;un 1,314 2.5
EoUerdu.ll 1.7*» ............. ..
Antwen) 1 .... 1011 1,446 1,062 7,382 156 6,049- 3,906
Hamburg """i: 2.«3 .. 5.279 2,763
Brent.-n.
Barcelona 1,6»8 i 2,926
Havana, fee 11,65 y 8,98?. 5 •,{ 82
Genoa, Triesta, &c,../... 940 525 410 1,9 W 1T942 11,006 1,041 2.607 ;
Ghent! fcr V 1,58a 3,113 977
Oilin'Ports 2234 3,673 1, i 2 T 177 1,557 492 ~
Total to other fareigri Ports.... 940 4099 5,546 2.926 41,808 21,435 23,485 13,542 1,55/ 492 75,932 43,425
New York . 12,8 )9 22,167 37,743 5,385 3,860 16,835 12.531 472 1022
Boston '. 3,226 6,282 3,015 8.55?,' 5,220 587 29,654 13,810 • ....937
Providence - t 93 6.2 940 540 .
Philad.l,thia 889 892 3,082 6.422 J6B 3*7 2,999 2,118 .....V
Balt i snore Go) 739 1,396 2,197 633 616 2,281 68-2
Other Ports 4,1/7 8,013 133 253 443 3,247 115 1,767 82 ’ 595
Total Coastwise -'1,7'2 '’38,785 22,399 "56,111 ~ 11,819’~ 9,40! 51,181 31,138 H9l 2527 168.676 137,963
Grand Total ...I:” 31,55) 1 5,995 61,491 "11?j929 41j320 19,361 1 230,933 142.010 69,1 to 54,259 6,350 3,87 0 443,84*/ 404,367
VJianu * tnai
yielded to the cry. To insist cu the blood ot
the condemned criminal in despite’ of the tents
of his wife and child, became unpopular, and 1
to yield to them was much more pleasant to
the feelings of the members. They ' ter
miued to indulge in the luxury of being mer
ciful. There were enough to share the re
sponsibility and the odium before the world of
i turning loose a murderer upon the public, and
the stern voice of duty and of justice was sti
ll *d by the tide of sympathy which a low /.eal
ous ileelaimer.s roused up. Ihe pardon v>a>
granted by a vote of (77 to Je.
In addition, to those considerations many
voted for the pardon, without regard to the
. evidence in the ease, because they were con
scientiously opposed to capital punishment. —
Some, too, thought that there were some facts
in the evidence which showed that Vi ilhams
was not wholly without provocation, and that
these may have influenced the jury torecom
n end him to mercy and nine of them to sign
the petition for the commutation of his sen
. i tenet.
; The fact also that a very large number of
tffi’ citizens of Richmond count y signed that
. petition, afforded a fair presumption that they
i thought Williams ought not to be hanged —in
; other words that public sentiment in Rich
mond co unty was opposed to his being hanged.
The alternative therefore, being either to do
violence to public sentiment by hanging him,
or to go beyond the wishes of that public
, which had mercifully interposed to prevent
this fate, by pardoning him, the members vo
, ted on the side of mercy.
I We have no particular feeling or interest in
the question, so far as the immediate parties
arc concerned. We-are w illing now to view
, the scape-gallows Williams, as Lucie Toby did
! the fly, in Tristam Shandy, and exclaim, “go,
• : poor devil, the world is big enough for us both
to live in.” Williams has been discharged by
Habeas Corpus, and is no longer in our midst.
He quietly ra?nost;d, aud we are told was sum
> manly ordered to leave Hamburg whither he
took refuge. Where he is now we know not.
; , lie will not again dare to pollute the soil of Au
i I gusta with his footsteps. Rut we arc fully cou
! vmced that there should be no divided re
sponsibility in. this pardoning power. The !
manner in which the Legislature was swerved
from a calm, cool and just view of their duty
in this ease/ the influences brought to bear to !
confound justice —to bewilder the judgment
and and to excite a morbid sympathy, were
all most pernicious. Yet they may and will
occur again and again, and th« result will be
gro«s inequality of punishment for crime.*—
Wc felt that, to be consistent, the Legislature
after this act, should have declared a general
g-aol deliverv and have turned loose the in- i
i O r
mates of our penitentiary and gaols, or at least
I it should have passed a general act abolishing
j capital punishment. If the pardoning power
i were vested in the Governor alone, he would
1 feel the responsibility to public opinion, and
would not readily take upon himself all the
heavy odium which would attach to an abuse of
the pardoning power. There-are objections to
the concentration of too much power in one
I man, and probably the people arc still satisfied
i to leave this matter where the Constitution has
placed it. AVe seek not to be a censor or arc
j former on this subject. But this case gave a
! severe shock to our respect for the wisdom
; and justice of the assembled Solons of our
State Legislature.,
i The pardon of -Williams is in some measure
the fruit of the too great facility with which
cur fellcw-cili/ens ~rs persuaded to attach
i
ARTICLES. Her. | D-uy.
OlLS—H perm,\V. Strains 1M ® 1 7 |*ree.
Fall lrained ....U j
Summer do 1 00 1 12(
Linseed Obi. fc7.(to :20 pr cC j
Tanners 55 to
Eml 1 25 to I
POTATOES. Obi. J ad to » Ou.
PIPES 02 to 1 0o
PUH PEH jdoz. 2 25 to J 50
PEPPER 110 1° to 12
pujl-vto 1 — Tsd ui ri
A3JSI.VS —»Jaltiga, bunch—<*x. 275t0 5 }
Must’tel i to 250 40 pr. ct.
RlCE —Oldman 100. 4 00 to 4 25
Fai : 1 37 to 4 50-
Good and i’raoe.. .... 4 75 tc 5 00
i f Frencii RranUice hull. 150 a 2 100 i>r. ct.
Leger Frercs -•••- *•> « 3
yj Holland t.ui T 25 u JSO um) pr. cU
> American Giu • 40 to 00
2 •' Jam tica Ruin I 50 <i 2 00 100 pr. es.
, ’ N.E.Rani, lids. & brls. .... 57 to-to
i Whiskey,Rhil. <v ball. 3 i <x-32 |
j Do. New Urlcuiu. 30 <it32
Peach Dramiy 7a to 1 OO lOOpr. ct.
’uba .U«scovado ! lb ‘ \'<o j
1* R, & st. Cr-ix; « to 104
Havana, while., j j yitoloj, v 3 o pr, et.
Nuw 0r1ean5....... . 8 u 9 f v
j--.- ll.Vtom.i J
Lump 11 told J
HALT —Livcrp »ol -ack l 02 to' 0 00 f 0 -, ,
Loose bus. 40 m 5 j 9O P"' cL
SO.'iP —American, yellow lb 5a o 30 pr. et.
Sl/O/’ —All si/.es 1 02 >it 1 75 20 pr. ct.
SKG.ißs —Spanish -'I 20 00*130 03 40 (>r. cl-
Auierican - • • • 8 a-10
TALLO /*'—American 10 to; 00 10 pr. ct.
'“■'“hSSi,:: .“.1 JS.< i*>^«
:::::::::::USS (»*«•««•
TE.lS— Puuchoiig 50 t 075 ’)
Gunp’der A. Imp 7a 1 00 :
Hyson 75 toed s’free
Young Hyson —• 5!) t 075 J
ff/.VES — Madeira aal. 200 to 925 30 pr. *L
Claret, Mars’ilos : cask 25 tod7o 40 pr- ct.
Do. Bordeaux'tloz. 3 00 'to 3 50 40 pr. *t.
ChtunpagiH 9 00 to 15 00 40 pr. et.
Malaga 50 too 3 '4O pr. ct.
their names to petitions to arrest the sentence \
of the law against criminals. Many, very
many signed the petition in favor of 'NN illianis*
not from a conviction that that sentence was
as all too severe and ought in justice to be
mitigated, but because it is always easier to
comply with a request of the sort than to re
fuse." One requires only the trouble of writ
ing or eV I:l ’.me. The other requires a strong
moral effort to brace the mind up to the dis
ehargi of a disagrcable social duty by refus
ing such an application. It is painful to re
fuse, an I tronHcr’on ■- to resist solicitation, and
many forget the injury they do- society by
consenting, in their desire to relieve them
selves from an unpleasant petition c
Charleston Evening News
j his interesting little daily Came to hand
last evening enlarged, in a new eves* and
much improved in appearance. Wc are grati
fied to learn that the cause of its enlargement'
is an increased demand on its columns in the
business line.
The Telegraph
The Charleston Courier of yesterday says:
We learn with pleasure that the wires between
Fayetteville and Raleigh are up, and ready
for operation, and that the work is rapidly
progressing from these points-, both North and
South. There is every probability that before
the end of this month, Charlctlon trill be in in
stant communication irith Portland, in the Mate
of Maine. The further progress of annihilat
ing time and space. Southward and Westward,
is rapidly going on.
The Charleston, Mercury, 4th-inst. says—
“ The I egislature of the State, at its late
session, appropriated the sum of Five Thousand
Dollars, to be deposited in New Orleans, for
the purpose of aiding the discharged volunteers
of the Palmetto Regiment in returning to their
homes. Many of them reach that point in des
titute circumstances, without the means of
continuing their journey, and the State, with
commendable liberality, has adopted this meth
od of relief.
“We understand that Ills Excellency Gov
ernor Johnson, with his accustomed prompti
tude, lias appointed Peter Couray, Esq., of New
Orleans, the agent for the proper disbursement
of the fund."
(Summer c ici I.
I. A TEST OATES FROM UVKKPUOL DEC. 4
I.ATEST DATES FROM HAVRE SOV. 30
Augusta Market. Jan. 5
REMARKS.—-By our tables below it will be, seen that
the receipts at all the ports, up to the latest dates receiv
ed, show a falling off of 73,406 bales as compared with
the receipts up to same period last year. The receipts at
Augusta and Hamburg show a falling off up to Ist inst.
of 52,906 bales. Our export table shows an increase to
Great Britain of 2,9 >2, to France off 35,358, and to other
foreign ports of 39,507 bales. The exports coastwise
show a failing off of 39,287 bales..
COTTOA—Our market opened on Wednesday last
with a good demand at the prices current at the close of
our last review, and so continued up to Thursday after
noon. The mail of Thursday, night brought us the Hi
bernia’s advices to 4th Dec., per telegraph, and being
considered more favorable to Cotton, although giving no
advance, holders here put up their price Jc. on Friday,
and all offered was taken at this advance. The foreign
letters due on Friday evening, did not come to hand until
Sunday, owing to the failure of. the mails. Full corres
pondence, however, reached us via Charleston, which,
in a measure, put a damper on business on Saturday and
Monday , and as buyers were unwilling to pav the asking
prices of holders, but few transactions took place, and
those few at easier rates. On Monday evening, we re
ceived telegraphic accounts from New York tu 31st ult,
P M. advising an advance in that market since arrival of
steamer, of V. with an upward tendency. These advices
gave buyers Li re more confidence, and they entered the
i
bank note table.
Augusta Insurance and Banking Company, par
Bunk of Augusta, **
Branch State of Georgia, Augusta, “
! | Bunk of Brunswick,
i Georgia Kail Road, «
Mechanics’ Bank, **
Bank of St. Mary’s, _ «
Bank of Milledgcrille, **
Bunk ul the State ol tioorgia, at Savannah,*.* 44
Branches of ditto, <(
Marine ami Fire Insurance Bank, Savannah,.* ’* * “
Branch of ditto, at .Macon »*
i’lanlers’ Bank, Savannah,
Central Bank of Georgia, “
Central K. R. and Banking Company, Savannah,.... “
Charleston Banks, “
Bank of Camden, 14
Bank of Georgetown,
Commercial, Columbia, . *
Merchants’, at Chcraw, *‘
Bank of Hamburg, 44
Alabama Notes, 2 & die
Commercial Bank of Macon, failed
NO SAI.K OH UNCERTAIN.
Merchants’ Bank of Macon.*
Bank of Daneu and Branches.
Bank of Columbus.
Chattahoochee Rail Road and Banking Gompc.ujr
Monroe Rail Road and Banking Company.
Planters’ and Mechanics’ Bank, Columbus.
Exchange Bank, Brunswick.
Insurance Bank of Columbus, at Macoo.
PhkJL'u.x Bank of Columbus.
EXCHANGE
On Now York, 1 peers
Philadelphia, “
Boston, “
Charleston and Savannah, par
Leiington, Kentucky, 4 >
Nash •'iJLIc, Tennessee...... **
STOCKS.
Georgia, 8 per bents no ealei.
Georgia, b per cents <*3
*Not taken by our banks, but redeemable at the Plaut
. er«’ Bank, Savannah at par.
market yesterday with spirit, and took ixeti»ty nil offered
at the full rotes of Friday rust. TlVc sales during tlia
week sum up 2704 bales,as follow: OM Wednesday G 59,
Thursday 608, Friday 729. Saturday Id!), .Monday 92,
and yesterday, up to the hour of closing our enquiries,
54 1 bales - . The following are the prices paid r 4 at (■»}, 1~
at Ci, 35 at 6|, 61 at 6J, 47 at 6j, 477 at 7, 33 at 71 16,
j 4S'S at 7J,19 at 7 3-16, 691 at 27 at 7 5-16, 587 at 7|,
23 at 7 7-16, 198 at 74, and 59 bales Mastodon at 7f cents.
U’c think the improvement in this market since Tlmr
day full Jc. on all qualities, and at this advance the mat
ket closed last evening linn and with a good demand.—
We alter quotations to conform to present prices, an
quote for square boles (round selling gc less) —
Ordinary none. | Middling Fair 7}
Middling 7 | Fair 7j
Good Middling 7J a 71 j Good Fair..none for sale.
EXCESS or PI Cecil-IS OUR I. AAT ICiIO.S, AT
New Orleans 82,176 bales.
Mobile v,. 17,43 .' “
Texas 4,651 “
Total 104,259 “
DtCf.KASr AT
Charleston 100,nco bales,"
Savannah 70,203 “
! rorida 4,947 **■
Virginia 3,660 «
j North Carolina 792 “
Total*, 179,665 «
RECEIPTS OF COTTON.
Frutn ike Ist Slut , 1547, to latest dates recorvrd.
1847 1548,'
Savannah, Dec. 31.. 3 a ,503...... 108,705
Charleston, Jan. 1 57.248 157,311
i Mobile, Jan. 1 106,378 88,045
New-Orleans, Dec. 28 •.•.365,833 283,537
i Texas, Dec. 3 6,506 1,955
Florida, Dec. 16 ". K*4os 18,352
Virginia, Dec. 1 3,100 4,760
North' Carolina, D«c. IS 774
Total .589,120 664,526
STOCK OF COTTON
Remaining- on hand at t he latest datesrecnvtd.
Savannah, Dec. 37
Chaileston, Jan. 1...... ..v.-e... 25,192 53,757
Mobile,Jan. 1. t-5,239 67,2141
New Orleans, Dec. 2s 159,736 152,846
Texas, Dec. 3 1,752 ?.">&'
Florida, Dec. 16 7,656 13,132
Augusta & Hamburg, Jan. 1,.... 47,Ml 32,218
Macon, Nov. 1 7,712 16,375
Virginia, Dec. 1 On 400
North Carolina, Dec. 18 80. 45>
! New York, Dec. 28 24,011.,.*.. 33,967
Philadelphia, Dec. 21. 1,426.2,519
Total... 375,185. 423,518
GROCERIES.—Business has improved this week and
our Merchants have had more to do. Orders from th«
country have come in freely, and have been promptly sn*«*
plied. The stocks of our Merchants w ere never betH > . n, ‘
at this season of the year than at the present lime. ,e
FLOUR.—The advices from Europe being unfavora
ble to this article, prices have given way in this market
and the sales made this week have been at prices rang
ing from 5| to for good brands, principally at the form
er price.
CORN.—This article has also declined in value since
the receipt of the foreign ad vices, and the highest ‘offer
made this week was 50 cents for sacks, at which soino
tew saibs were made, but holders generally refuse U
sell at this price. We quote loose at 45 and sack at 59c r
per bushel.
®ALT.—There is little or none remaining in first hands,
and the few sales made have been at last week’s
i say $1,50 j>er sack from the wharf. Retailing from stores
at $1,62 for sack, and 45c. per bushel for loose. A num
ber of our country friends send their orders to market,
for this article, and after mentioning that they see sales
quoted at $1,50 per sack, express the hope that they wil*
C be furaisbed at the same price.. They forget that out
merchants have to pay $1',50 on the vharf,. and that it
costs them all of 5 cents per,sack to get it in store,.and
: whoa they retail*it at $i,62, they only realize on it 7c,
, for their profit.
, DOMESTIC LKiL'OßS.—There is now a fair supply
i of all descriptions on hand. Os Whisky, the receipts
I this week have been to a fair extent, and sales have been
mart)* from the wharf at 28-a 30 cents per gallon—prhwi
, pally at the latter price. It is retailing from stores i»
I quantities up to a bbL-at 30 a33 cents.
’ IVIIEAT.—There continues to be some enquiry for
this article, and a lot of good will readily command $8
per bushel. None received this week..
BACON,—No receipts this week, and the demand
limited. Our quotations may be considered as nominal.
* 1 BAGGING, &c,—Not much demand far Bagging—
' ‘ business confined to tbe supplying of email eeualiy ff