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THE OONSriTUTIONALIST.
"JAMES GARDNER, JR.
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(From the Southern Pres , 17fA inst.)
The democratic Oxsran<
Mr. Donaldson appeared in yesterday's
Union with his salutation to the Democratic
party, on assuming the duties of its metro
politan organ. He presents at length the
platform of the party as he understands it. —
The Democratic party has b«su so much di
vided of late years, and particularly on a re
cent memorable occasion, that it required very
general phrases to avoid offending some of its
segments or sections.
Mr. Donaldson, however, betrays at once
the disastrous tendency of federal party poli
tics to sacrifice the South to the North. He
announces that he will ** cordially sustain the
recent compromise measures enacted by the
constituted authorities of the land.” Now,
we have to assure him at ones, tnat in this
sentiment ho has taken leave of the Demo
cratic party in every Southern State of this
Union. In no State of the South whatever,
has that party declared in any sueh sentiment.
In all cases, not even excepting Tennessee,
where that party has expressed an opinion in
any Southern State, it has been one of disap
probation for that scheme. Cordial support of
the compromise is the sentiment of a portion
of the Democracy in the North only—another
portion being hostile to it for conceding too
much to the South. So far, therefore, is the
Washington Union now from representing the
Democracy on this question, that it represents
but a small portion of it—and that in the
North
We give the language of the Union :
This seems, also, a proper place for me to
remark, that I shall cordially sustain the re
cent compromise measures enacted by the
constituted authorities of the land. I shall
never cease to urge upon my fellow-citizens
of every quarter of the Union, that it is their
indispensable duty, in all lawful ways, to pro
mote the honest observance and enforcement
of these measures, and that their destinies are
wrapped up more especially in the faithful
execution of the fugitive slave law, sine* noth
ing less than this can or ought to satisfy the
elaveholding States. It is fortunate that this
compromise is the joint work of both the
great political parties of the country, and that
it may therefore be referred to in all time to
come as a monument of patriotism which tow
ers above the ordinary spirit of party, when
the safety of the Union is threatened.
No political compact between States, how
ever close the union which it forms, nor any
series of measures intended to obviate diffi
culties arising out of the construction of such
a compact, can long endure unh-ss e?,cb party
does perfect justice to all the rest. If it were
otherwise, the condition or the public senti
ment and the prospects of the country would
be deplorable in the extreme. No free peo
ple can or will endure, for any great length of
time, a palpable violation of their rights to
their propf-rry. Ten years elapsed from the
time when Grenville introduced into the Brit
ish Parliament the first act vitally affecting
, the rights of the American colonists un'il
was shed at Lexington; but throughout
ten years the parties became every day
3£;sbre and more estranged from each other.—
Former kmd feelings and affectionate regards
were suec* eded by alienation, by angry com
plaints, and finally by hatreds, which it has
required more than half a century to eradi
cate. after peace was concluded between the
parties. If a vast majority of those most
deeply interested in the compromise are wil
ling, ft r the sake of peace, to abide by it in
perfect good faith, and to sustain it, and if a
vast majority of those least, if at ail, inter
ested in it will not honestly assist in the exe
? cution of its provisions, or will, by acts done
both openly and covertly, render the part for
the delivery of tugttive slaves utterly null and
Vuseless for all practical purposes, it requires
fno prophet to foresee that the hopes of every
/patriot and every friend to human freedom
/ must soon be extinguished in the destruction
of our Constitution and the utter dissolution
of our Union.
The fugitive slave law, which is but the ex
pression of a constitutional injunction, must
be honestly enforced. The constituted na
tional Authorities must see it enforced. The
M - true owner of a slave must be permitted to
'proceel without hairasameut to produce his
proof before the proper judicial tribunals, and
if a judgment is rendered in his favor, he
must be permitted without any molestation, to
return to his own domicil with the property
which has been finally adjudged to belong to
him under the Constitution and the laws of
the land.
Every calm observer must see and feel that
the question of slavery must be withdrawn
from the political arena, or that the preserva
tion of the Union will become an impossibili
ty. To accomplish this sacred object, it shall
be my constant endeavor to place before my
fellow-citizens such statements and views as
will be calculated to disarm those fanatics who
imagine that the institution of slavery, though
recognized by the federal compact, can be
modified or annulled by a political power un
known to that compact."
The first two reasons assigned by Mr, Don
aldson tor a cordial support of the compro
mise, are that it is necessary to preserve the
Union, and that it was the jcint work of both
the political parties, and “ may be referred to
in ail time to come as a monument of patriot
ism which towers above the ordinary spirit of
party.” This is paying a very poor compli
ment to the two great national parties—to the
Democratic party particularly. For that par-
ty *as the strongest in the last Congress. On
the great measures of the compromise, the
two parties were each extremely divided.
. Hence, if the preservation of the Union de-
landed on the compromise, the Union would
have been lost if it had been left to either of
the two greafeparties.
If Mr. Donaldson were to succeed in giving
the entire control of Congress to his own par
tv. more than one-half of it would be for an
nulling the compromise, if they should be no
better than they were last Congress. And, in
giving it a cordial support, he separates him
self from that half of his party, which voted
against the most important measures of that
scheme. For it cannot be presumed that
those who opposed these measure on their
paßßige, can give them a cordial support.
The Union says:
“Every member of this party must see that
the cause of popular self-government is in
volved in the inquiry, forced upon us by the
existing circumstances of the country, wheth
er the plainest constitutional compacts in our
system of union can be executed or not. In
the midst of such an inquiry, will the South
not pause, and unite once more with 'heir
friends to strengthen the party whicn has
never failed heretofore, with constitutional
means, to foil all serioua assaults upon the
rights of the people and the States—the same
party that triumphed in 1800, and afterwards
destroyed that progeny of evils engendered
by high tariffs, corrupt banks, and unwise in
ternal improvements ? Can it be wrong for
me to say to the South that the remedy is still
ia your hands, if you will co operate, as in
former days, with your brethern in other por
tions of the Umeu, who discredit th intima
tion that you will c rry into execution the
threats of sece sion.at the same time that (heir
efforts are employed to put down the evils of
whieh you complain: Grant that it was a
spirit hsstile both to you and the Constitu
t.cm that sought, through the ir strument of
the Wilinot Pr&viso, to deprive you of equal
rights in tb* territory acquired from Mexico ;
cannot a noble and generous forbearance
look this spins in the face, and awai*
the vevdiat which the interposing voice
of a patriotic people will soon render?—
Would not the Rutledges, Pinckneys and
Sumpters, if they were now alive, say to
you that honor, patriotism, and duty require
you to stand by your old friends, whose cause
at this moment is that of the wo 'ld, so far as
the principles of popular seif-government are
involved ?
So, also, with the great mass of these at
the North, who, stopping short of abolition,
have yet abandoned o d party connexions, un
der the mistaken idea that slavery was an evil
to be remedied by federal legislation. Do you
not see that you have eaused a greater evil
than the one you proposed to mitigate, and
that the present distractions in the land im
periously call upon you to retract your steps,
and restore harmony to the various members
of the confederacy ? It is confidently be iev
ed that this i» ' our disposition, and that it
wiU be more pleasing to you to follow its dic
tates than to pursue an experiment which can
not benefit you, but will certainly injure a
large portion of your countrymen, whose des
tiny is linked with youre in the cause of the
Union. In thus doing, you but pay another
tribute to the wisdom of your fathers, who
left the eubject of slavery to be regulat-d by
those on whom Providence had east its use,
not as an evil, but as a necessity—not as a re
proach, but as a token of brotherly concession
and compromise."
Now, what sort of guarantee can be given
that a remedy will be found. The grievance
is the compromise. The Union proposes to
give it a cordial support—to render it perpe
tual. The South is to be excluded forever
from the share of tt e Pacific—doomed to per
manent inferiority of power—subject always
to the North. And by acquiescing even,
much less cordially supporting the compromise
a precedent is established for the settlement of
all questions that may arise in future, on the
same terms of shuffling, subterfuge and spo
liation.
Why, th*re ia nothing that p»etends to be
settled by the late compromise, except what
is against the South. California is admitted
—that we are told ia irrevocable. The slave
trade is prohibited iu this District - that we
are assured must stand. But New Mexico is
yet to be admitted. What is to prevent that
from being done next session ? True, she has
only some sixty thousand inhabitants, In
dians and all; but what of that? Congress
has the power to admit new States, with no
condition as to the number of people thev
c-octain. New Mexico will prohibit slavery.
Then there is Utah —she may propose to
come in as a slave State. Suppose she is re
fused, steadily and quietly, as long as she re
fuses to prohibit slavery? What is the re
medy? Will Mr. Donaldson please to tell us
what he and the great national Democratic
party will do in that event ? Vvhv he would
not even promise to do anything—and if he did,
does net everybody know that the Northern
Democracy would repudiate th» engagement ?
Then there is the Fugitive Sieve law. Are
we to take the proceedings under this law -a
an execution of it ? Why it has required all
the promises, threats, professions, and en
treaties of th» compromisers themselves, to
keep up even a pretence that there is yet a
hope th. t it will be executed.
No, let, the Democracy agre. to the divi
sion of California. The recent h avy vote of
that party in that State, for Mr. Heydenfelt
for Senator, shows that the prejudices of the
people against slavery are subhiding. Let
California be offered the s?me sum for reli *-
quisling the territory South of 36 30, that
Texas was paid for giving up her rights. The
sura is large—but it is a small price to pay for
justice, for harmony and for Union. And then
the way will be open for a re-union of the
Demo-ciacy by the much more important re
union of che sections.
If Mr. Donaldson, or any organ of the De
mocratic or Whig party, will pronounce for
this measure, we shall be most happy ia co
operating. For aithou-. hwe have no super
stitions, fanatical, avaricious or ambi ious
iove for the Union, we trust we have a senti
ment in favor of preserving it, at least as
strong, patriotic and rational as any of its
founders.
But until then, we trust that as long as the
compromise stands, the South will continue
to make her protest against the principle, or
rather want of principle, of that measure.—
And that no party appeals will ba regarded
until justice is indicated.
Bishop Hucihbs ix Rom a— Decision •/ the
Pope and Golleg- or Cardinals against His Fur
ther Advancement. —lt was recently stated with
R great deal of confidence, that ArehbisLop
Hughes, of this city, was to be made a cardi
nal for this continent. Foreign correspon
dents, only three or four weeks ago, proclaim
ed that the whole matter was settled, and that
he was to be duly admitted to his higher de
gree in the church about the middle of March.
Indeed, the publ e was assured that the
steamships of the first of April, from England
would bring out the intelligence that was to
gladden the hearts of thousands. The resu t
has proved that the whole affair is in reality a
first of joke, and that we are not to have
any cardinal after all.
It appears that when this very important
question with respect to advancing Archbishop
Hughes, cames up before the Pope and the
College Propaganda Fidoi , some of the mem
bers of that holy council suggested that the
affair was of a very grave and serious kina,
and that, in view of the hostilities which had
arisen in England at the elevation of Cardinal
Wiseman it would be quite proper to inquire
of some intelligent American what course
ought to adopted. Upon tbis suggestion, a
proposition was made to apply to Mr. Cass,
our Charge at Rome, as to what he thought
oi the nece .sity of creating this cardinal for
the spiritual welf re of the United States -
Mr. Casa being anxious to make such a reply j
as would be satisfactory to those interested in
the weLare, political and spiritual, of the peo
ple at large, very properly replied, that on
such a question he thought the various high
ly intelligent bishops on this continent might
be consulted to advantage. The college ap
prec ated this happy suggestion, and acted
upon it accordingly. The bishops on both
sides of the Alieghanies we applied to forth
with, for their opinions, wkien, we lewn, are
adverse to the election oi oar friend, the
Arch- ishop, to this new distinction. They
view the matter in a practical light; and be
lieving that it wili be a useless office in the
United States, they have just sent out their
objections in such a shape as wili decide the
question agiinst the Archbishop, when the
subject come* up again before the aucred col
lege. The documents being cn the way, we
shall have, after a tew weeks, tlie full de
cision, and the return of Bishop Hughes to
his dioce&s, from which he has bsen missed
for two or thre« mon ha past.
( Correspondence of the JV. Y. Herald ')
Duba.no-., Feb 28, 1851.
Parker H French not Dead—Mis Gang Taken
Prisoners , and Confined in the Prison at Du
rango - His Incursions upon the Rancheros —
His Proposition to Fi ht against the Apaches —
American Robbers —The Condition of Duran
go.
1 wrote you from Mazatian some ten days
giving you an account of some of the
actions and movements of the notorious Capt.
French, whose dreda in Texas, and through
out some oi the States of Mexico, have given
him a reputation as unbounded and unenviable
as the noted Monroe Edwards enjoyed. Tin*
worthy captain is not yet dead, as stated in
my last. After raising a company of ten men
at Mazatian, in the month of January last, he
left that place, greatly in debt, and fled to the
mountains, with a view of attempting the cap
ture of a party of Mexicans then en route to
Mazatian, with a large amount of specie. Upon
meeting the party, he found their number too
grea for his small force, and passed on with
out interrupting them. He had left Mazatian
with a very limited supply of previsions, and
was soon compelled to rob a ranch on the
road, to furnish his commissary department.
He also got some arms from the same place.
He likewise robbed several small parties of
Mexicans on the road, and, taking all their
animals and provisions, left them tied to trees
by the roadside. Such are the statements of
the ranchsros en the route. He met with ne
resistance till he reached the small town call
ed Echaverea, about iorty leagues from this
city. Here the people had heard of his aets
on the road, and endeavored to stop him. A
pretty severe conflict ensued, resulting in the
defeat and capture of French and his men.
One of French’s party (North West by name)
was killed, and some tour others were badly
wounded. The captain himself received a
severe sabre cu r across the face, and was oth r
wise badly wounded. The whole party are
now in the jail in this city, awaiting their
trial. It is generally thought the entire par
ty will be sentenced to a lengthy confinement
in the castle. This, however, is very doubt
ful. Every one knows what Mexican justice
is, and that fine taik and a little money can
accomplish any desired result in this country.
My opinion is, French will be at liberty in
less than one month from this time. He has
already succeeded in getting himself separated
from his men, and has most excellent and
comfortable quarters in a private house op
posite the jail. He was yesterday seen pro
menading in front of his new home, attended
by two soldiers. He has not been accustom
ed to such servants, but seems not in the least
dejected or humbled.
Since his confinement he has employed a
young Spaniard, who daily visits his room, to
instruct him in the Mexican language. He
has recently addressed a letter to the Cov
er or, in which he proposes, so soon as he is
cleared, to raise a company to fight the Apa
ches, * la John Glanton, whose history and
fate are generally known throughout the
States. It is impossible to say what fate yet
awaits this strange and talented young des
perado. I will advise you of the result of
his trial.
The names of the persons comprising Capt.
French’s party are —Parker H. French, North
West, John Jones, John English, Francis Le
lay, George (negro), Thomas Parke-', Win.
Arnold, and Peter Floyer. Os tnese, the three
last were badly wounded, and are now in the
hospital in this city.
Tnere are now various partie* of Americans
robbing and running off stock between this
place and Chihuahua, thus prejudicing the
natives still more against our countrymen
who may be passing through the country, A
certain Joseph Thompson, from Texas, h*?
lately committed various depredations in this
Sta eand in Chihuahua. He has some eight
men with him
The Indians are also had; in fact, more than
half the ranchos between this place and Chi
huahua have been broken up, and the ranene
ros run off by the Apaches. Rumor says the
celebrated Wild Cat is now in this State, about
one huudred and futy miles northwest from
this city. The govern meet is endeavoring to
raise a sufltaieut farce to march sgainet the
Indians, but vciil be unable to accomplish their
designs, for the want of funds. They are aiso
offering inducements to Americans to engage
in the campaign, but the “gringoes” wish, to
see the plata first. Unless seme speedy aud
certain steps b» taken to suppress the Apache*,
they will soon become meters of this portion,
of Mexico. The Mexicans complain bitterly
of the U. States, on account of the tardiness
manifested by our government in complying
with the &i tides ot the late Hidalgo treaty, by
which the U. States obligates herself to pro
tect Mexico against these Indians.
Upon 'examination of the registers in the
Prefect’s office, in this city, I find there have,
since 1847, over 3,000 Americans passed
through the place, en route to California, via
Mazatlan. There is very little business now
being carried on in this State, the Indians
having run the Mexicans from nearly all the
mines, and it is to them alone this proverty
strioken country must look tor support.
This place now has a population ©f only
18.000 inhabitants, and it boasted over
100,000 souls. The ruins of many splendid
mansions may be seen in all parts of the city,
relics of Mon ezoma. There are many magni
ficent buildings in this dace, among which
are five or 6ix churches, built before the in
dependence of this country was declared; these
buildings will rival any we have in the States,
in architecture and beauty; but they, too, are
fast crumbling to the ground. There are
hundreds of houses in Durango, not inhabited,
excepting by cattle, hogs, and fleas. All the
business is done by English and German mer
chants; there is but one American merchant
in this city. After 1 have seen a little more
of the country about here, I will write to you
again. Clarence.
The Brazilian Slave Trade. —Private ad
vices from Rio Janeiro say the Government is
periling its very existence in its efforts to sup
press the Slave Trade. The once notorious <
slave steamer, the Serpente, now the Golfinho,
of the Brazilian navy, has made several cap
tures. Last week she carried off 200 newly
imported negroes from the island of Maram
baia. They are supposed to have belonged to
Joaquim Breves, the well known and opulent
slave dealer. This man is the owner of ten
large farendas, and the master some of 2500
slaves. His large possessions give him great
political influence, and the seizure of his slaves
shows plainly the energy and determination
of the Government it is to be hoped, now
that the Brazilian authorities have given such
substantial proofs of their good faith and sin
cere determination to put an end to the traffic,
that the officers of the cruisers will abstain
from interfering, and confine their operations
to the high seas. Irritating the people, will
be merely throwing new difficulties in the way
of the Government, whose task is already suf
ficiently arduous.
Tub Atlanta Hiomeb, Law Party.—For
aeverai weeks there has been babblings and
simmering* of a higher law movement in this
city, and at one time the Mur&hal had been
eompellsd to retire. L -st Thursday night the
plot was fully ripened, and the authorities
were at; at opea defiance. A man by the
name of Pinkney Anderson Took the lead in
proclaiming independence ot the law, and a
(iisgrace-ui scene of disorder ensued. The
Marshal mads an a temps to arrest him, and
we understand, did so—but the prisoner was
rescued, and he was again forced to retire.—
He thereupon summoned citizens to his aid.
and they succeeded in capturing Anderson,,
and taking him before the Mayor, sometime
after night. The parties not being ready for
trial, and the prisoner refusing to give bail,,
his Honor ordered him to be kept in close cus
tody till ten o'clock next day, and immediate
ly the higher law crowd stepped forward,
swearing that he should not go to the guard
house, and drew weapons. Several citizens)
were present who took the side of the law
and laid hold of the prisoner, and a severe
neuffie ensued, till both parties capitulated,
and bail was given by Anderson for hie
appearance next day.
On the following day Anderson appeared,
when he was fined s>3o, and Thomas Shivers,
who had been arrested fur rescuing Ander
son, in the first instance, and attempting to do
so again in the presence of the Mayor, was
fined SSO.
Being at liberty, however, to go at lage,
without the fines being paid, they renewed
their disorder on Friday night, by mock-sing
mg and praying, loud cursing, and obscene
language in the streets. They planted a can
non, and fired several rounds in defiance,
making the night hideous in the neighbor -
hood. The Marshal did not interfere with
them on that night, and they doubtlessly
thought their independence had been recog -
nized by the eity authorities. On Saturday,
however, the City Council believing the Mar
shal and his assistant insufficient for the oc
casion, appropriated two huudred do.lars for
the pay of a company of twenty-fire picked
men, to act as a police till the power of the
law could be asserted. Accordingly, on Sat
urday night, this eompany took the streets,
and arrested Thomas Shivers, Pinckney An
derson, William Harris, Campbell, and
George Humphries, who were lodged in the
guard house till ten o'clock the following day,
when they were brought before the Mayor and
Council for trial.
George Humphries was discharged for want
of proof of his participation in the riot, and
the balance were bound over to the next Su
perior Court of DeKaib county.
Thus ended, we hope, one of the most dis
graceful scenes which has ever been enacted
m a civilized community. If Snake Nation
and the higher law dignitaries have not taken
the hint from this small beginning, there is a
feeling abroad in the community which will
manitest itself in a more decisive manner.
Remedy for Skort Si»ht. —The Charles
ton Mercury say*: “The following has already
appeared in the Mercury, and we republish it
at the instance of a gentleman who has deriv -
ed considerable benefit from the practice re
commended.
“Dr. Turnbull has discovered a remedy for
short sight, which he has communicated to
the medical publications. The learned doctor
thus describes the process: ‘ln the first in
stance I applied the extract of ginger, which
was rubbed for five or ten minutes over the
whole forehead, with a view of acting upon
the fifth pair of nerves. Afterwards I sub
stituted a concentrated tine ure of ginger, ot
the stiength ot one part of ginger to two parts
ol spirits of wine, decolourised by animai
charcoal. The success ofth s operation was
remarkable. In many Cases it had tne effect
of doubling the lcngtn of vision. In some
cases I found ihs uis was no; much dilated
but very torpid. In these cases i applied the
concentrated tincture of pepper made of the
same strength end made in the* same man
ner as tus tincture of ginger. This used un
til I observed tnat the iris had obtained a
great power of contraction and diia ion, niter
wbicn I had again recourse to the tincture of
ginger. This plan of treatment has been at
tended with the most signal success, and per
sons who were extremely short sighted have
very soon been enabled to permanently lay
aside their concave glasses,’ ”
Thk Tehuantepec Road.—Tuts enterprise,
which constitutes an important link in the
great line of Railroads from Boston to Cali
forma, of whicn the Jackson Road is to be the
great South-western trunk, is, we learn, in
quite a sueceastul and promising condition .
The reports of us failure are idle fictions ol
the enemies oi this great national work. The
survey is proceeding rapidly, and without in
teiruption. The Hydrographical paity hav
ing concluded thew duties,will return shortly
A schooner <*uh supplies, and a reinforce
ment of the surveying party, Mr, Sidle,
left the city a few days ago to proceed to the
CoHtaacoalcos. The work goes on bravely,
and it is by no means certain that the grant to
Garay has been annulled by the Mexican
Congress.— N. O. Delta.
The Philadelphia Sun says, altho’ Penn
sylvania has withdrawn her‘Democratic Stur
geon, New York has sent a Whig Fish to
supply his place. It is only fair that thr ten
nants of the water should have a Senator,
while the earth has its Clay and Downs— the
trees their Underwood —the beasts their Bad
ger—the storms their Hale —the sun its Bright
ness—the soldiers their Shields— the mechan
ics their Cooper and Mason men their Foote
and Soule— sportsmen their Hunter and Chase
—churcnes their Bell —manufacturers their
Miller —servants a Butler —flour a Rusk—mon
arch a King —tricksters have their Dodges, and
the man’s wife who went to cousin Sally
Ddlard’s party, her Wade. The birds have
no Senator, unless it be a Daw son; as for the
progressives, they have a Walker.
Crops op Tbxas. — The Houston Telegarph,
of April 11th, says:
“The crops that were planted early are ex
ceedingly promising this season. A gentle
man who has recentlj visited several of the
interior counties, informs us that he has never
seen the corn and cotton fields so promising
as they are at present. The corn on several
plantations that he visited was nearly two feet
high, and the cotton in some instances had
been worked the first time. The plants were
all growing luxuriantly, and scarcely ,a hill
was missing. If the season should continue
to be favorable the crops of Texas this year
will exceed those of any previous year.”
There is likely says the New York Miro:r
to be a general “bursting up” in Boston be
fore three months come round. The “negro
cloths” of Lowell, the “negro shoes” of Lynn,
and the “negjro notions" of New Eng.ancl
generally, remain dead in the lofta of the
Warehouses.
THE CONSTiTCriOMLISf.
Augusta, l&torgiti
FRIDAY MORNING,
Southern Rights Meeting.
The members of the Southern Rights
Party of Richmond County , are request
ed to meet at the CITY HALL, in the
city of Augusta , on TUESDAY , (uh of
MAY, at 4 o'clock, P. 31., to appoint
Delegates to the Convention to nominate a
Candidate for Governor at the ensuing
election .
Retirement of Mr. Ritchie-
Having mislaid the Washington Union of the
15th inst., containing Mr. Ritchie's valedic
tory, we hare been unable, until now, to no
tice the retirement of this able and distin
guished veteran of the press, froaa the arena
of politics. We cannot forbear the expression
of our respect and admiration for one who
has, during forty-seven years, wielded a pen
of such extraordinary Vigor, and swayed an
influence co-ex tensive with this great re
public. We can certainly do tills without,
being considered as indorsing his ceurse upon
the sectional questions which have agitated,
and still continue to agitate, the popular
mind. He advocated and defended a Com
promise, by which, we consider the South
was swindled, despoiled, and degraded —a
Compromise, by which, even as high author
ity as Daniel Webster, admitted the South
gained what the North lost, and that was—
“ just nothing ."
But it is a subject, on which Seuthern me*
have honestly differed, and we have never
been disposed to impugn the integrity of Mr.
Ritchie's motives, or the sincerity of his con
victions. We have been accustomed, uni
formly, to look upon him as an honorable and
patriotic citizen, and iu social life, a finished
gentleman.
The services of Mr. Ritchie, iu past days,
in advocating the principles of State Rights,
of State Sovereignty, and of Democratic Gov
ernment, will survive the injury inflicted on
the South by the Compromise, and will prove
the means of her vindication. They will serve
to arrest that tide of Federalism and Consoli
dation now gathering, in renewed strength,
which, but for the resistance afforded in the
Strict Construetion doctrines of the Virginia
school, would sweep down every barrier.
These are our only hope, in the Union, of
protection from the despotism of a Govern
ment without any limitation to its powers,
save the arbitrary will of a* unrestrained pop
ular majority, which would construe the Con
stitution to suit itself.
The Washington Union, by its unhappy
complication in this Clay Compromise, had
lost its usefulness to the South under Mr.
Ritchie. We doubt much, whether its con
dition, in this respect, will be much improved
in the hands into which it has passed. We
copy from the Southern Prest, an article on
this point, which, we think, sets forth, clear
ly, that Major Donaldson, the new Editor,
cannot, with his present views, make it the
organ of Southern Democratic opinion.
lie is an able man, of high character, and
distinguished reputation for talents, and upon
general principles of legislation, his democra
cy is sound. Buc the South has peculiar
rights and interests at stake, and must take
their guardianship into her own hands. Na
tional Democracy has failed her, in the most
crying exigency.
Hutching-’s Panorama el the Mediter
ranean-
This is a fine work of art, and exceedingly
interesting, from its classical associations.
We visited it with great satisfaction when
it was in our city one or two years as did
crowds of our citizens. We assure these whr,
have never seen this beautiful sad tasteful
Panorama, that it is well worth a visit.
Soda Water-
We are requested to state that Mr. Philip
A. Mo se has commenced preparing this re
freshing beverage, with a new apparatus on
the most approved plan, and entirely different
from the one used last summer, and invites
the citizen* generally to test its quality,
without charge. .
[COMMUNICATED.]
One of the bast standards by which to
judge of the progress made by a people is
knowledge, education, and refinement, is the
taste they evince for what is really meritorious
in the fine arts. This has always been con
sidered a true test, and by it, in looking back
over the history of the past, do we fix in
our minds, the degree of refinement among
the Greeks and Romans, and subsequently the
Italians, Germans, French, and English.—
There is, at this moment, among us, one of the
most meritorious and expensive work* of art,
ever got up in modern times. We allude to
Boy dell's Illustrations of Shakspeare. They
employed more than sixty Painters and En
gravers for twenty years, and arc pronounced
by the best judges to have no superior, in the
world of art. The work is also extremely
low, less than a tenth of the price of mezzo
tinto, of the same size, being but a dollar
each for the one hundred Engravings. The
whole forms one of the most beautiful and
interesting works ever seen place or
country. Augusta has wealth, and taste and
refinement, and we are not a little cnxiouc to
see how many of eur citizens will take a copy
of these Engravings. As we see in the pros
pectus of the proprietors, that every subscri
ber’s name is to be inserted in the lest end of
the work, we can know whet Augusta is, as a
refined city.
The packet ship Constellation, Capt. Allen,
which sailed from New York for Liverpool on
the 19th of March, was telegraphed off Hol
lyhead on the 4th of April, having made the
passage in 15 days and 17 hours.
The U. S. m«.il steamer Washington, for
Bremen, sailed from New York on Saturday.
She took out $200,000 in si-yer coin, and 110
passengers.
Californi* Intelligence,
(»T THE rUOMJhTHBUS.)
The only intelligenceinterest is the par
ticulars ot an extensive conflagration at Ne-
Tida city. The fire, which ia supposed to have
been the work of an incendiary, originated
.bout twelve o’clock at night on the 11th ult.,
mthe ball alley of Q-ar.ee & Smith, on Cavota
street. One hundred and fifty to two hun
dr«d house ware destroyed, and the loss was
estimated at one mil don of dollars. A meet
ing of the citizen* was to be held at 9 o’clock
the next morning, to take measures to detect,
if possible, the incendiaries. Great excite
ment pr vfiiied—the citizens were detennired
<o execute certain aud sudden vengeance on
th.se concerned, if discovered. A clue has
been obtained which, it is supposed, wil- lead
to the discovery of the perpe rators of this das
tardly act* destructive aet. One person is
supposed ‘a hive perished in the flames.
The yield of %o;d in the mines, to the steady
persevering miners, continues to be good, and
ihera doss rot seem any prospect of the
mines being exhausted for a long period to
come. Earth which has be-m twice washed
aven, a third and careful washing, gives
excellent results to those engaged.
Indian affairs are still in the same unsitis
faetory condition as at the last dates. De
tached parties of Indians visit the camp of
;he Indian Commissioners at intervals, but
there has been no general interview notwith
standing.
The U. 5. Assay Office is now in full blast
it San Francisco. Messrs. Moffett & Co., who
*&ve the contract, opened their new office on
Mon;gonaary street, and within two or »hree
hours received about a hundred thousand dol
lars in dust, despesited to be coaverted into
aoin.
The black sand brought down from Gold
Stuff by steamer Chesapeake, has been assay
ed by Messrs. Moffatt & Co., and it yielded
$y 14 to the pound of sand.
The miner* at Mokelumne Hi.l making
from $5 to S3O daily.
Col. JPremant passed through Stockton on
Saturday last, on his way to the mines.
We learn from a gentleman down from
Mokelumne Hill that the miners in that vicini
ty are realizing large amounts of the dust. On
one of the hills, eight hundred feet above the
level of the stream, is found as rich diggings
as has yet been found in the country. All
the preconceived ideas of gold being deposited
only to the beds of the streams, has been over
thrown by the discoveries about Mokelumne
Hill.
Pleasant Valley. —The Meread river is
proving itself to be as rich in the precious me
tal as any other portion of the Southern mines.
Mr. Hobert Dunn took from one hole, on the
fiat, in eight days, upwards of seven thousands
dollars, and three e»her took from the
bank of the river, in three days, nearly one
thousand dollars. Every one engaged does
not, of course, do as well as this; but all who
work get well paid for their services.
We have said repeatedly that richer veins
or placers esn no where be found than those
within a circuit of ten miles around Senora.
Facts are every day developed which satisly
us more and more of the truth of this asser
tion. Last week we were shown some hand
some specimens of auriferous quartz, taken
from a vein at the Mormon Gulch, extending,
we believe, towards Soldiers’ Gulch.—Three
companies have claimed the vein. Our in
formant states that forty eight yards in length
have been uncovered, and about ten thousand
pounds of stone taken out, which, it is thought,
will average fifty cents to the pound. How
deep in the earth the vein extends is not
known. They have gone down about twelve
feet in the rock, and, so far, gold has been
found from the top all the way down. —Sonora
Herald.
A new impulse has been given to mining
operations by the use of machines called by
the miners “Long Toms,” measuring about
sixty feet in length, which are put in opera
tion in streams. Large quantities of old dirt,
that will not pay to be worked in a common
cradle, is washed through these toms and
parties of six and eight are realizing from SIOO
to S3OO per day.
The absence of rain this winter enables the
minors to work on the river bars, and exte«-
sivc canals are being cut for washing out the
gold in the dry diggings.
The Saeraaanto Transcript says: A Mr.
Jackson, at the Mariposa quauz mines, has an
sight horse power engine at work, and is em
ploying thirty hands, and the d*ily operations
rftnge frow. si6o to $1,200 receipts. The
calculation is to average at least fifty dollars
per hour.
A Cvaios itt rown was in
West, hi 1 w?s presented by Hon. A. Pat
terson, wiib a miniature bust of Gen. Wash
ington, found ten years ago, in the neighbor
hood of Tiir. F&Uergrm’* premiers, imbeded in
the limestone which forms the island. The
bust is of marbltf, and is evidently the work
°i a rustier The expression is said to be
tdonue&l with that of the famous statue of
at Richmond, allowed to be the
best likeness in existence. The little bust is
in a state of perfect preservation ; all the deli
eate chiselling i» the piaits of a ruffled shirt
remaining as sharp and well defined as ever
snd the marb-G without discoloration. Across
tbe ahiuiderg is inscribed the word «• Wasihn-
JoV'— a spoiling which sterns to indicate an
Italian origin. In the same spot, two Entr
i:ac guineas were found, the da-es and inscrip
tica or widen we did not learn. AH were
probably depositee by some free booter of the
oiclea time. — Tallahassee Sentinel.
Fcrjsi*n Luxuniaa.—A statement which
we read, says the New York Express, in one
or our Cincinnati exchanges, to the effect that
we imported seven millions worth of muslin
a year has led us to examine the atnoua' of
*ur foreign importations, in some few articles
cu nc»t!y apparel a;on*. for the last fiscal year.
Che stren millions statement is incorrect, but
«hc MHpepis of rich J.bnca imported into
tne Umtsa States is enormous. The follow
ing ia the outside cost of some of the gar
ments of cur wives, slaters, and mothers.
Happily they are paid for, in part at least, by
the sanies ami ©harms whieh are made to set
off such costly apparel. We will not now add
tne costly wines imported by the “ lords and
masters ' of creation, and which are so much
mor® profitable than even silks or laces.
Luxuries Importedfor the Last Fiscal Year
Merino Shawls $935,348
Silks piece goods, 14,459.560
JJo. Hose, . gig 217
Do. Tamboured, 1,131.462
i9o. Hats and Bonnets, .......53 i«7
We. (Thread,) wfjg
Jewelry, ...... 352 287
Gems (diamonds) set and unset,. .70.156
$18,476,768
Paxodi.— This distinguithecTauist and her
suite were at Montgomery, Ala., on Wednes
day last. They intended leaving there for
this city yesterday morning, and may there
fore be expected here on Monday next In
consequence of the unexpected delay at Ma
con, Ga., Parodi was indu ed to give a con
cert there. It dkg entirely successful, and
netted nearly sl,m Great desire was man
ifested to hear Montgomery, and she
was to give a concert there on Thursday. We
learn that she has been engaged by Maui, the
empresario of the Havana Opera Troupe to
sing there next winter. Her engagement is
for six months, at a salary of $50,000. —Pw*.
y*n«, 19<A tmf,