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AUGUSTA, G '
WKDKIHD4) MOi MM; tJi.TC
* Atlantic Cai - N
i Vv .NT. —Wo learn ;d !•• V
>at another Atlant
, ortned in that cor
Med by them. Enoi
• ias already been pt
i ine from Falmouth to
x hundred miles, and L • n<
‘ phic communication whit i
.■I will doubtless beret ■ a'
it, by Faimouth, Oporto, the '. a
ti. ..-x. The cable selected is that <,'
Thomas Allan ;in fact, as the name in ■ »
the company lus been organized upon th
of (electing Allan’s system. A spectrn
the cable has b :en submitted to the pu>
and the dilforcnce between it and that of t;.-
Atlantic Telegraph Company is apparent, at
though of course it is impossible at present t
determine which of the two is beat.
First of all, the new cable it; five eights of an
iuch in diameter, while that of the Atlantic is
one and one tenth inches. The principle,
moreover, of if« construction, is r-Dtirely differ
ent from there hitherto used. Allan, instead of
placing steel wires in the circumference of the
cable, thus leading to the possibility of acci
dents with hits of broken oyjre, such as we
read of in Dr. Russell’s account of the late at
tempt, surrounds the copper core itself with
finely spun steel wire, and then embeds the
whole in gutta percha and other coverings
The steel wire by this means is made a pio
teotion to the core, and not a source of dan
ger. Another broad distinction between the
form of cable now proposed and that which
has failed is the weight. The weight of Al
len’s cable in the ship will be only nine and a
halt bunds; and weight, per knot, while that of
the Atlantic wu thirty five and three fourths.
In tho tea Allan's will be three hundred
weight, while iliat of tho Atlantic was fourteen
hundred. Tho aggregate weight of an At
lantic cable on Al'an’s system would bo 1,092
tuns, while on tho Atlantic system it was
4,500 tuns.
It is, of Ci-ursfT, impossible, absolutely to de
toimiue wherein lieu the safety and excellence
ol deep sea cab'es. The new company have
certainly come forward with a judicious pro
posal in only proposing to carry the lino at
lirat to Operto, because if successfully laid in
good working for a distance of six hun
dred miles, the public will then be able to de
tannine wi ether at once to supply the capital
for an cxlention to the Azores and Halifax, or
to go at once Ircm Falmouth to Halifax if that
should ho considered practical. The greatest
dorp-sea distance by the Azores route i3 MOO
miles, just the length which the Atlantic Com
pany successfully laid. The direction of the
new company is of an excellent business char,
aoler.
’l'lnare will bo room enough for both lines of
communication with Europe in case both suc
ceed, and the public will bo better served by
having two companies aud two different routes
than by having only one means oi communica
tion with tho European Continent.
Poland.—The history of Poland has bec-n
one of continual misfortune and injustice. Con
quered, devastated and divided by its more
powerful neighbors, torn by internal factions,
tills poor State has grown oid iu the lmti'ed of
its conqueror, Russia, and when revolutions fail,
dors not hesitate to employ every means of
harassing that empire. Os late, large districts
of Russia hate been destroyed by extensive
conflagrations, very frequent in occurrence
and terrible in their results. Hundreds of
villages have be; t laid in ashes, and thousands
of inhabitants have been left without house or
home, rendering the attention of the govern
ment. a matter of necessity. Inquiry has been
mud;. and tho f.vct was aseert lined that these
flies were in; endiary, brought about by Polish
conspirators who incited their countrymen to
lay waste the country of their enemy. Com
missions were issued enjoining all true pa
triots, in the name of God, to execute what or
ders they might receive, aud authorizing them
to destroy property by lire. Incendiary ma*
terials were also furnished the agents, who in
some cases were women. The fires are said to
number not less than tw T o hundred per week.
This far reaching and destructive conspiracy
embraces wi; rt is called the “Red” faction in
Poland an 1 the milcontvnts in Russia, the
more moderate party among the Polos boing
opposed so such extreme measures. Os course
this plan of malicious injury does harm to the
cause of Poland, irritatiug the Russians
against that unfortuipte country and calling
for tho reprobation of the civilized world.
The Russian government has begun to lakq
action iu the matter, aud will probably put an
eml to such troubles without much delay, thus
defeating the purposes of the conspirators,
who desire to enlist public sentiment against
the government.
Recuperation.— That the people of the South
are endowed with great powers of endurance,
late events have shown, That they possess
much of the kindred-virtue of recuperation, is
now being dt uonstrated. Tho rapidity with
which tho leading lines of railroad have been
put in working order, alter tlio thorough dis
mantling that all of them underwent, is oue of
the evidences of their capacity for quick recov
ery. Any person who passed to rough the
States of Virginia, the Carolinas and Georgia,
a tew months ago and wituct-srd the complete
and universal min which marked the letreat
and advance of the contending armies, would
have thought it impossible lor agriculture to
revive in less than live years. But we learn
through our exchanges and from other souices,
that or. every hand the owners of the soil have
gone sturdily to work. Where the emancipa
ted slaves have abandoned the homestead, tho
fanner and his sons have ploughed the fields,
and h ive now reaped a fair harvest. Iu every
branch ol trade, also, our people have shown
more enterprise, aa i a greater spirit of self
reliance than ever before. Necessity having
thrown many upon their own resources, they
are proving by their deeds that they are fully
equal to the task belore thtm.
This spirit is a glorious one. There is no
despond.toy no repining in it.
Officers of the Co.wiNuoK. —The Athens
Watchman thinks that Hon. Charles J. Jen
kins will be elected President of the Conven
tion. lie would mske an excellent one.
Among tho many candidates for clerk, we
know' cf no one better fitted for the place
than S. Srli'old, E-q ,of Madison. He is well
qualified to iullfil the duties of that position.
Frost at Columbus.— The Co’umbus papers j
say there was a frost in the vicinity of that j
city on the morning if October 5. This is
rather early ia the season cucb a visitor.
The Fenian Movement —Foreign advices
gt-‘ that the Fenian agitation is still rife in
Briain. In spite of the vigilance of the
both drills and meetings for discussion
ducted with comparative freedom. —
he mee'-ings are attended by men of
ud means. At one, recently held,
were adopted to support the
its and organization, both by
o by physical aid, if necessary,
’as also diseased ol the pur
und formation of an arma
oring purposes; aud the idea
itish commerce at s< a, ap
reiished Before the meet.
*2OO were subscribed for
at there were Fenians
an investigs|‘.ou has
rtenent, without any
of the members of
hicago in 1863 has
cv In' : if 'the Liverpool
, < i of a number of
ntion paid to
- , \bd revenue
’ g all sailing
t gr tc th< westward.
1 , . i have left
Arne mu ■ don and
uni: on the
coast. er' Cos!.
O’Coune . <v«: H ’as a
boirer m from
the Fen r * , ; . ; -t In 7 \ Tprk to
Fenians . I ?
Oa this Fie of- uantic the excitement
in regard to the ■ onian movement is on the
increase. A iaige convention is in session in
Philadelphia. Meetings are being held also
throughout the North. England has sent spies
to tliis country to watch and report the pro
gress of affairs. What the result of all this
will be, time alone cm determine.
A Masonic Appeal.— The six Grand Officers
of the Grand Lodge o! Free and Accepted Ma
sons of Pennsylvania, arid tho Masonic juris
diction thereunto belonging, have addressed a
letter to the Free Masons'of the United States,
urgently calling on them, one and all, to unite
now, at the close of a long and terrible con
test, to carry out the principles of order, broth
erly love aad charity, to wine; the order is
consecrated. It addresses itseli to every patriot,
whether of that time honoied fraternity or not,
aud it speaks iu tones which should bo heeded
by every ono who iu his heart desires the fra
ternal relationship restored between the North
and the South. It urges that past differences
shon’d be forgotton in one common effort to
iestore the country to a state of unity and
prosperity.
The following extract from this highly in
teresting and patriotic address, so replete with
magnanimity and fraternal affection will be
read by all Masons in the South with both in
terest and pleasure :
“We believe it to be the duty of Freema
sons to regard the craft in the jurisdiction of
the States of the South, as brethren. It is
theirs to rocoguize tlia power of tins univer
sal Masonic landmark. Thus the reunion of
fraternal association cau bo established, and
this example before the people will boa de
monstration of living power of our venera
ble institution.
Brethren of tho Sunny South, wo believe
your faith and sincerity iu the landmarks are
equal to ours. We claim no right to sit in
judgment over your fidelity or your obedience
to the landmarks--or your .devotion to their
perpetuity. We recall from the past four
years neither witness nor testimony. The
Light in the Masonic Temple casts, no shadow.
It is ever at tho meridian when we look into
each other’s hearts, and take each other’s
hands iu brotherly love. But while we are
all Masons we are also fellow countrymen.
We are citizens of States whose prosperity is
indissolubly connected with this Union. Wo
are citizens of States where individual and col
lective happiness and welfare can he best
maintained, encouraged and secured by the
uuiou of these States, as our fathers aud your
fathers made it by that great compact, the
Constitution. Let us invoke your cordial and
unreserved acknowledgement of this truth.
Let us invoke your aid to cem* ut together the
people of the States, “without any reservation
or 6elfevasion of mind whatever. Let us, and
you, come together iu unity, in harmony,
charity and brotherly love, as Masons, labor
ing lor the common benefit of our feilow citi
zens and mandkind ”
Cue? Results. —The report of the Commis
sioner of Agriculture for the month of Sep
tember, is ltsj encouraging than was generally
predicted. The aggregate wheat crop of the
United States will he considerably under the
average, and is in nearly ail the States defec
tive in quality. Iu the Middle States and
Ohio it was considerably injured by the wee
vil, and in all the Western States tho crop was
damaged by the protracted rainy season
which occured in iiaivest time. The corn crop,
however, is excellent, and the unusually large
yield will in some measure compensate for the
deficiency of wheat. The wet weather which
injured the wheat crop came just at the time
when corn is most in need of rain, aud gavo the
crop an excellent start. The warm weather in
September gave it a splendid opportunity to
ripen, and now it is entirely safe from the
boat. The Commissioner of Agriculture furn
ishes some statistics concerning ihe crops in
Europe, from which it seems that the falling
off there is very large, aud that tke demand
from foreign countries will, for some time to
come, be one third larger than usual. The
United States will have to supply a considera
ble proportion of this deficiency, and the effect
will probably be felt in our owu markets.
Texas Bonds. - Governor Hamilton,of Texas[
gives nodes that one hundred and thirty-five
United States Bonds, for one thousand dollars
each, being United States Texan indemnity
bonds cf 1851. with coupons attached, have
been made wav with by Pendleton Hurrah, ex-
Governor of that 1 State, under a pretended con
tract with George W. White and John Chiles,
which Governor Hamilton denounces as a
fraud and coaapitacy between Hurrah and the
others. The parties hive tied, and carried the
bonds with them, and notice is given that
they have no property in them, and a piotest
against paying them has been filed with the
Secrotary of the Treasury. As these bonds
may find their way into this community, it will
be well for business men to bear these facts
in memory.
Tub Russian Telegraph —lnformation has
been teceived from Fort St. James, on the
Fraser river, British Columbia, announcing the
completion of the Russian American Telegraph
line to that point, and that Capt. Conway is
rapidly pushing ou towards Stuart’s Lake.
The cable to cross the straits will be laid next
August. A party is also ou the way to the
Arnoor river to build northward, to meet an
other working party from the Anadyr. The
enterprise bids fair to be carried to a success
ful completion at a much earlier day thau was
generally andeipated. Col. Bulkley was on
the way to the Gulf of Anadyr at the last ad
vices.
Tib W akin South 'America —According to I
a brief dispatch from Lisbon, there had been ;
a grand battle on the Uraguay River, betweia
the Brazillians anti Argentines, on one side,
and the Paraguayans on the ether. The lat
ter are represented to have been defeated, with
a loss of seventeen hundred prisoners and their
cannon and flag*. There are no fur ther par
ticulars. It must bo borne in mind that these
accounts are Brazilian, and subject to deduc
t*‘ons. We have had some proof of this in pre
vious accounts. Tho grand naval battle which
took place on the Panama some time ago, and
which it was assumed would destroy the naval
power of Paraguay, seems to have done noth
ing of the sort. In a short time, the victors,
instead of being able to assume the offensive,
were obliged to fall down the river to avoid
being hemmed in by batteries erected below
them by the Paraguayans.
The Cholera —The appearance of tho
cholera at Southampton, in England, a port
from which there is cos stunt, communication
with New York by steamers, is a circumstance*
which should not he paeeed over in this coun
try without notice. Hither tc* it has been hoped
that England would escape the pestilence du
ring the present year, at least ; and a retro
grade movement of the disease on the continent
or Europe wa3 spoken of with confidence. It
appears, however, that it has not sensibly
abated in the Mediterranean ports, and Its in
vasion of England may well be locked upon
with alarm. The cool autumn weather may
restrain its violence, but in the seaport towns
and thickly settled cities it will find snug
places of habitation, where it may abide du
ring the entire winter. We can scarcely hope
to escape a visit from this unwelcome guest
next year, and it may be among us before 1865
is numbered with the years that have gone.
Every city of any size should be throughly
cleansed, and kept as free from refuse as
possible.
Great Fire iu Charleston.—A special dis
patch to the Savannah Herald says that the
Courier establishment and three ether burl
dings adjoining, on Havne st eet, near the
Charleston Hotel, were totally destroyed fcy
fire on the morning of October 18. A portion
of tho walls feU in, killing and wounding a
largo number of persons. Among the wounded
who have died from injuries received, is Cant,
Hoffman, Chief cf Police. It is not known
how many werfe under the ruins. Eight
bodies have already been recovered.
The fire was raging when the dispatch was
sent. The wind at the time was very high,
but it was believed the firemen would suc
ceed iu keeping the flames in check.
Cotton Tax.—The Now Yoik Times Wash
ington special says it is expected the Secretary
of the Treasury will issue, with all the neces
sary form3, the circular providing that tie
payment of Government tax and charges on
cotton be made hereafter at the port to which
it is shipped, instead ot the point to which it is
sent. The ports named to which such ship
ments be made, are at New York.fßaHimoie,
Now Orleans, Cairo and St. Louis.
The Pouolation of Mexico.—By the census of
1803, the population of this empire was over 5-
000,000 ; and it had only increased to 8,000,000
iu 1553. Os the native population in 1856, it is
estimated that there were 1,000,000 whiles of
European decent ; 4,000,000 Indians ; (LOCO
negroes; the remainder of over 3,000,000
being mixed raceß. A curious m cdley, truly ?
Columbia and Hamburg Railroad.— Thy
books for subscription to the new stock of this
road are now open.
Holders of the old stock, can see by a notice
elsewhere, that action was takeu at the annual
meeting iu regard to the stock-held by them,
and that the Treasurer is now ready to carry
out the same.
White Labor and W'hite Servants. —Man
of our people have determined upon giving
white labor a trial. For the purpose of obtain
ing the same, one of the firm of Atkinson &
Skecut will leave for the North in a few days.
Parties who desire to secure white help of any
kind, have now an opportunity of making ar
rangements for tka same.
HIM Oil
The Sparta and Milledgkville Route.—
A hack has been put on between Sparta and
Milledgevillo connecting with the coach that
runs in connection with the Mayfield train of
cars on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays.
Largs Firm in Apalachicola, Fla.—A lire
occurred at. Apalachicola, Fla., on October 8.
Inst., consuming about four thousand bales of
cotton lyiug on the wharf ready for shipment.
Who will be Admitted —The editor of the
Richmond Bulletin has lately visited Wash
ington City, and tells his readers what he
learned theie, as follows :
I have learned enough since my arrival here
to convince me that the great struggle when
Congress meets will be on the question of ad
mitting the Southern Representatives to their
seats. You may rely upon this : Il'auy man
be elected to Congress from the South, whose
“loyalty,” during the war, was not. above re
proach, he will be refused admittance. A ma
jority of such rejections will place the South
in a condition of non-representation in Con
gress, and will continue military Government
in the States. It behooves your electors,
therefore, to prepare to meet the radicals in
this issue by electing those only who can pass
muster.
Your first step must be to secure representa
tion in Congress. That done, the way will be
clear for the future developments rs your poll
oy. Justice to Mr. Johnson requires this at the
hands of the South, and it is to be hoped that
they will not fail to elect men who were not
identfied with the Confederate cause. True
policy demands this, and our people should
begin to understand it. Mr. Ridgwav, I per
ceive, is a candidate lor Congress. His elec
tion, and the election of men of his political
status, would be eminently acceptable. Rad
icalism would find itself disaimedin Congress,
and the South would then have a decided voice
in the councils of the country. The first strug
gle over, you can afterwards' follow your incli
nations find elect whom you plea- e.
A Return ro Specie Payment.— The Wash
ington correspondent of the Boston Traveler
comments thus upon the prospect of a return
to specie payment :
‘ Upon the cold question, Mr. McCulloch will
have a word to say one of these days. He did !
not attempt to conceal his opinions and pur
poses. Ile means to bring the country back to j
the specie basis and a redeemable currency
He is doubtless aware of the opposition he will
meet with in Congress from the speculators
but the great interests of a nation are not to ■
be sacrificed to the selfishness of a few indi- I
vidusis. It is an important aud Significant fact
that the leading bankers of the count ry
the Secretary to contract the currency rather ;
than to extend it. Jay Cooke, tire eminent
financial agent of the government (in the sale
of its loans) advocates a speedv resumption of
specie payments—that is within a year from
this time. Very much depends upon Congress
but the Secretary of the Treasury will be very I
decided in his recommendations on this sub
ject. The President is with him most heartily. *
I hear, on the question of rnakiDg the pap-r
currency redeemable in coin.
United States Revenue Commission —Under
the act of Congress, of March 3, 1565, a corn- j
mission was appointed to report upon the sub
ject of raisins', by taxation, such revenue as may j
become necessary to supply tho wants of tho
Government, having regard to aud including
tho source* from which the revenue stmul.i be
drawn, and the best and most efficient mode
of raising it, and to report tho form of a bill
for the consideration of Congress, when it shall
undertake to revise our revenue system—the
Commission having the power to take testi
mony and to inquire into the present and p s
methods o? collecting revenue. The New
York Evening Post speaks thus of tho labors
of ihe commission thus far :
In the course of its work the Commission
has examined several hundred witnesses, and
has collected a mats ct information which will
i be of great use to Congress in its future legis
lation concerning revenue.
It is understood that the investigations have
so tar related principally to spirituous liquors,
ale and beer, teas, coffees, spices, tobacco and
cotton. These classes of articles have already
been heavily taxtd ; the intention of Congress
beieg to place upon some of them at least a
larger proportion of Ihe duties comparatively
than any other sources were expected to yield.
Os the conclusions formed by the commission,
or tho results so far attained, nothing cau be
said by authority ; but it is reported that the
examinations show that a much larger revenue
cau be obtained from these articles than has
hitherto been collected, and that With the bet
ter plans that cun be devitod for protecting!
the interests of the Government against the j
frauds that aie so frequently committed, par- !
ticuiarly in distilled or malt liquors, a revenue
sufficient to meet the probable wants of the
Government may he derived from luxuries oi
ihe various kinds, without levying so heavy
taxes as now borne by the manufacturing in
dustry. It is expected it will be shown that
Congress cau safely diminish the lust named
taxes, and possibly dispense altogether with
very many of them.
The various trade and other business asso
ciations of the country are now moving with
reference to their interests that are involved
in the inquiries of this commission. A conven
tion of aie and beer brewers and dealers ot the
United States, will be held in Baltimore ; aud
it is proposed by the projectors of the move
ment that a committee lie appointed to meet
the Revenue Commission. Similiar action is
to be taken iu regard to other business iuic-r
--ests, and important results are anticipated.
The comparisons of views, and the tacts elici
ted at these gatherings, all give much material
for the report of the commission., now in prepa
ration. Large numbers of men representing
lie important trading and eomuuaci&l inter
ests ot ihe United States have already been
examined or heard.
The Commissian has recently spent neatly a
week in Boston for the purpose of taking into
special consideratioii|the subject of cotton hi the
relation to the revenue. The information
elicited was, we hear, of an exceedingly inter
eating character, aud is likely to prove very
valuable. The best informed manufacturers
aud dealers in cotton gave testimony. The
fhain question to be decided, it appears, will be
as to the extent to which Government cau tax
cotton without euooutaging and building up a
dangerous foreign rival production or dimia
' idling the home industry. Probobly few per
sons are aware of the extent to which cotton
in the manufactured state is already subjected
to taxation.
The investigation oi the tobacco trade and
resources has just begun The report of ihe
Commission cannot probably be finished be
fore the middle of the winter. Neariy ail the
information which will enter into it is to be
drawn .from original sources, and rapidity of
preparation is impracticable.
It is not likely that the general subject of
taxing manuiacturing industry will be exam
ined at present, and it i8 possible, for reasons
already stated, that the exceedingly difficult
and complicated questions connected with this
subject may not require solution.
Redemption op National Currency.—The
annexed directions furnished the New York
Evening JJost, from an official source, if follow
ed by those who have National currency, they
wished to have redeemed, will prevent many
mistakes :
‘ United States rotes used as cuirency if too
much worn or defaced for circulation, are re
deemable only by the Treasurer of the United
States, from whom rules for their redemption
can be procured. Currency for redemption
in sums of three dollars or more, may be sent'
to the Treasurer by mail without prepayment
of postage ; and its value will be returned by
a treasury check or draft on either of the as
sistant treasurers at New York, Boston or
Philadelphia.
‘Tu turns of one thousand or more,
currency for redemption can be transmitted
under the seal of the treasurer of the United
States, by the Adams Exprets Company, and
their agents, without charge to the owners
of it.
“Circulating notes of National Banks in
liquidation, are redeemable only by the
Treasurer of the United States.
“Treasury notes bearing interest, and con
vertib’e, should be sent to the Secretary of the
Treasury for conversion at their maturity.
“Certificates of indebtedness, at their maturi
ty, should he endorsed, “Pay Secretary of the
Treasury for redemption,” and be mailed to
that officer.
“Treasury certificates of deposi t on accon®
of temporary loan should be endorsed to the
Secretary of the Treasury for redemption.
An Unexpected Legacy — A citizen who re
sides in Shawmut Avenue, received a legacy of
$30,000 very unexpectedly, a few days since-
The gentleman keeps a drug store; and a year
or more ago a stranger entered the place, ap
pearing at the time in a state of prostration
from a too free indulgence in ardent spirits.
He stated that he feared an attack of delirium
tremens- and the druggist prescribed for him
accordingly. He had been in the store for a
short time when his symptoms became so
marked, that the proprietor placed him in a
retired room where he could be free from an
ncyquce, and for a couple of weeks ministered
to his wants He then said he lived in New
York, where he had money, but he bad no
means of reaching home. Hearing this the
druggist furnished him with the means of re
turning to New York. Some months after
ward he was taken sick and lecentiy dwd, be
queathing the sum named to the druggist,
who had nearly forgotten the circumstance,
and the balance of a large estate to a sister, —
Boston Courier
■ Cotton in Arkansas —'The editors of the Little
Rotk Democrat have seen and conversed with
a gentleman who is planting in the vicinity
of Pine Bluff the present season, and he in
forms th- m that notwithstanding the very
untoward season, for cotton through which we
have passed.—the terrible rains, the army
w.-rm, and other things which made, as it were,
a combination against this branch of agricul
ture, a good two-thirds crop will be made in
the region of country in which he is operating.
Jefferson Davis to be Pardoned,—A cor
respondent of the New York News writes thu3
from Washington under date of October 14 :
It is with feelings of the most profound satis
faction that I am able to inform the readers of
the News that President Johnson has deter
mined to pardon Jefferson Davis, and, it may
be, even without a trial, although that point is
not settled yet. Nor is it at all unlikely that
in a short time Mr. Davis will be :eleased from
confinement on the same terms that Mr.
Stephens has been, and then afterward par
doned. It is possible, but very unlikely now.
that he may be brought to trial iu a civil
court for treason. But if so, and even if con
victed, he will be pardoned. That is certain
as the decrees of fate
Terrible Calamity.— A most distressing
calamity happened in the vicinity of Branden
burg, Kentucky, a few days since. The chil
dren of aMr Plcdgett, while cut gathering
walnuts, found a loaded percussion shell,
which they carried home witti them, and upon
examining it and showing it to some cf their
little friends, the missive exploded, fearfully
wounding the whole party of children, eight or
nine in number. Four or five of the sufferers
are in all probability fatally injured, and the
others will be crippled for life Mr. Plodgett
was also badly, though not seriously, wounded ]
by a fragment of the shell,
Impoi tast to Dealers in Government
Stock?. The following correspondence will bo
found of interest to dea'ers m Government
stocks :
New Yowr, Sept. 27, 1865.
lo the Hon. Hugh McCulloch, Secretary of
Treasury ufthe United States .
Dear Sir : Will you please advise me your
coil re ein regard to stolen or lost Govern
ment flock.
Suppose, for instance, that any broker, or
banker, buys a bond or any other issue of the
Governmeai in good faith, it being negotiable,
payable to bearer, and it should prove to have
been lost or stolen from a former buyer or
owner, do you, as Secretary of the Treasury
protect rhe origiuaUowner, to the 'prejudice of
the ignorant, buyer.
if so, do yea also protect the original owner
of a compound-interest cote in like manner?
1 bplieve under our State law the inno
cent holder of like securities is protected un
der the law. Is there a different law for Gov
ernment securities ? Respectfully,
A Jenkins, No. 4<t Fine street.
Tkcasubt Loan Dufartment, Sept, 28, 1865.
Sir : Your letter of the 27th has been re
ceived.
There is no different law for Government
than for oilier negotiable securities. The
lights and liabilities of parties purchasing and
holding the negotiable bonds and notes of the
Governuismt— i. e.. those payable to bearer—
are not affected by the fact of their being is
sue:; by t’v Government.
Whether, then, your question refers to com
pound interest notes, or any other form of
these securities, a purchaser in good faith, for
a valuable consideration, would be protected,
notwithstanding that they had before been
lost or stolen.
I has, however, been the practice of this
Depaitmont, at the request of those losing
coupon bonds and other securities payable to
beater, to enter their caveat, and, suspending
payment of them when presented, to notify
the parties respectively, to enable them to
furnish the Department evidence touching the
questions of ownership, good faith and wheth
er the purchase was for value, so that it may
.act advisedly in making payments.
Yery respectfully,
W. R. Chandler . Asst. Secretaiy.
Oath of Postmasters and Mail Carriers.—
Annexed is the law enacted by congress to
which all postmasters and mail canies are re
quired to subscribe :
I, being appointed at , in
the county of , and State of ~.0
swear that I will faithfully perform ail
the duties required of me, and abstain - from
e verything forbidden by the laws in Ration
to the cstab'dsoment of the Post Offic . and
Post R oads within the United States ; i id that
I will honestly and truly account for and pay
over any moneys belonging to the United
\tales which may came into my possession or
control. And Ido further solemnly swear—
that I have never voluntarily borne arms
against the United States since I have been a
citizen thereof ; that I have voluntarily given
no aid, countenance, counsel or encourage
mentjto persons engaged in armed hostility
thereto ; that I have neither sought, nor ac
ce >ted nor attempted to exercise the functions
of any office whatever, under any authority,
or pretended authority, in hostility to the
United States ; that I have not yielded a vol
untary support to any pretended government
authority, power, or constitution with in
the United States, hostile or inimical theret o.
Aud I do further swear——-that to the best ot
my knowledge and ability, I will support the
Constitution of the United States against all
enemies forego or domestic ; that I will bear
true faith and allegiance to the same ; that I
take this obligation freely, without any mea
ts! reservation or purpose of evasion ; and
that I will well and faithfully discharge the
duties of the office on which I am about to
enter : So holp me God.
Sworn before the subscriber, for
the , of , this day of ,
A. D. 186—; and Ia 1 jo certfy that the per
son above named is above the age of sixteen
years, to the best of my J knowledge and be
lief.
A Man Walks One Hundred Hours With
out Stopping. —Harris last night came to a
pause on the platform where he had just com
peted Iris great teat, amid the shouts and
cheers of several hundred persons who had
assembled to witness the end of his match
against time; One hundred consecutive hours,
without stopping, almost exceeds belief, but
still it. is generally conceded that the teat was
fairly and squarely done. The noise and ex
citement ot the last hour or two cf his per
formance seemed to inspire Harris with renew
ed life and vigor, aud v/hen the time was all
but over, belts wero freely offered that he
could waik t'rree, five, ten, and even twelve
bruts longer. But there was no one who seem
ed inclined to risk money and put him to the
variance in the time-pieces of the audience, he
walked three minutes past the alloted hour,
that none could go away dissatisfied.
When the time keeper ordered a halt, sever
al ct his friends hurried Harris to one of the
dressing rooms, and the crowd rushed pelimell
over the stage. About a half a dozen enter
ed the room with him, and a cordial shaking
of hands and to take all round” fol
lowed Mr. Harris slept soundly last night—
bo had certainly earned a fa w hours of “na
ture’s sweet restorer."’—V. O. Times, Oct. 1.
Business of Cincinnati. —The commerce of
Ciucii nati may be well under stood by a look;*
at the annexed figures ;
For the year ending August 21st 1865, the
exports had been to the amount of $293,7-30,-
317, and the imports $307,552,397; 446 steam
ers had run between this aad other ports ; 44
steamers, some ot them the most elegant and
costly on the Western rivers, had been built;
imported 10,829 barrels of ale and beer, and
exported 49,995 ; imported 5,327 barrels and
55,887 firkins of butter, and exported 2,176
barrets and 23,636 kegs ; 394 dealers imported
23 875 case3 of boots and shoes, and exported
27 318 : imported 92.328 bu»h. of beaus* and
exported 25.107 barrels ; imported 542,712
bush, b iriey, aud 179,185 of barley matt; im
ported 54,424 cattle and packed 12,000 barrels
of beef. They also received 125,871 boxes of
cheese, 173,792 bags of coffee, 1,292,198 bush
els ot corn, 88,472 ba esef cotton, 14,856 bar
rels of gra«s reeds, expoit-d 59,810 boxes of
soap, and 214.509 boxes of candles ; received
22,162 barrels of eggs 671,970 barrels of flour,
32.922 barrels of flax-seed, 65,348 ' barrels of
lard oil 45,000,000 feet of lumber, 87,998 bar
rels molasses, 2,358.053 bush, of oats, 255,067
bushels of potatoes, packed 250 600 hogs, re
ceived 54,359 hogsheads, 7,447 bales, and 22,
807 ks gs ot tobacco, 1,678,385 bushels of
wheat, 70,700 barrels ['of whiskey, (exporting
114,769 barrels) 1,104 400 pounds of wool ; and
so ferthj and so forth.
Emigration to the Southern States —The
wide area of uncultivated land open in the
Southern States for future settlement, is stri
kingly illustrated iu the following table, which
shows the population, square miles, and acres
uncultivated iu 1860 : •
Population ia 1860 gq Miles. Ac’s un’ed.
Alabama 964,201 50.722 12.687,913
Arkansas 535,450 58,128 7,609,938
Delaware 112,116 2,120 367 230
! Florida 140 424 59.269 2.273,008
I Georgia 1,087,286 52,009 18,587,732
| Kentucky.... 1,155,689 37,280 11,519,059
Louisiana 708.002 46,431 6.765 879
Maryland 687.649 11,124 1,833,306
: Mississippi.... 791.305 47,156 11.703.556
i Missouri .1,182,012 67.880 13J37 938
| Noith Carolina 992,622 50 704 17,245,685
South Carolina 703,708 29,385 11,623.866
Tennessee... . 1,109.801 45,801 13,457,960
' Virginia 1.246,620 41.251 f- ' 0 .-
West Virginia 349,698 20,541 j
Internal Revenue Receipts.—The receipts
from internal revenue for the week ending
October 6th are as follows :
Monday $2,986,806 35
Tuesday 2,345,635,79
Wednesday 1.8P2 453, 94
Thursday 1,465,117 45
Friday . .965,899 22
Saturday 1,298,728 80
The t 'ta! receipts since January 30, 1865,
amount to $104,466,338,41.
XEAS SUMMARY
Them are some smart lascais in Memphis
who steal Lots- a from the turnv rs and then
persuade them u-.ey are government horses,
by makiug them lock through aD opera glass
with “U. S.” on tho bus.
Sheriff - Snodgrass has been arresting dis
charged Federal soldiers in Jackson county,
Ala ,on charges of murder and robbery, com
mitted while in the Federal service, but Gen.
Grierson released the prisoners aud forbade
any further proceedings of the sort.
A mine of gold-bearing quartz, averaging
ever $25 per ton, has been discovered near
Dunleitii, Mi.ia., a point on tho north shore of
Lake Superior.
A man in Nashville, Teun., shot his young
wife six times, one day last week, for having
proved unfaithful to him. She died on the
spot, one shot having penetrated the heart.
Senator Sumner has written another letter on
the constitutional abolition amendment, con
tending that it has been ratified by three
fourths of the States “actually participating in
the government, •’ as required.
The first emigration of Chinese to California
took place iu 1865, and tho whole number cf
emigrants up to the present time has been
about 100,060. Some 30,000 or 40,000 have
returned, and very few of the others have
come with ihe intention of remaining.
It is said that the vacant Professorship of
Mathematics in the University of Virginia, will
be offered to Gen. Jos. E Johnston.
Heniy C. Magruder, who has b ea tried and
convicud before the military commission iu
Louisville, ou the charge ot being a guerrilla
and murderer has been sentenced to bo hung.
The population of Washington is now esti
mated at over 125,000. A large number of
mere bants have taken preliminiary measures
for the establishment of a Merchants Ex
change.
The Richmond papers advertise a lot of
Virginia farming land for sale. Some of it
can be Lad as low as one dollar and fifty cents
per acre.
A large seizure of whiskey for, evasiou.of the
internal revenue law, Las been mado at
Hamilton, O , including the penalties, some
$60,000. The parties implicated in the late
seizure r.t Delphi, O , have offered two hun
dred thousand dollars tor a compromise
case. ‘
The New York World’s Charleston cones
pendent says trouble has occured between the
whites aud blacks on the coast. General Beu
netseula force of one hundred aud fifty to
quell the disturbance, which threatended to
become serious. Tho treedmen are reported
well armed. Two white men, who went up
A-filey river for the purpose of bringing wood
to the city, when about twenty mites distant,
were seized at one of the landings by four
blacks, each armed with a rifle, and their boats
taken from them ; after which they wire
stripped ot their clothing and compelled to
travel to tno city on foot, arriving in Charles
ton in a state ot starvation.
A late number of the Auglo-Brazilian Times
says a party of Americans arrived iu Rio de
Janeiro have been eagerly welcomed, not only
by tho governmtnt but by private landed pro
prietors, and have been given every encour
agement and assistance by the minister of agri
culture.
The utmost activity prevails among the
Fenians of Philadelphia. The State Centre,
and a committee specially appointed tor the
purpose, are strenuously exerting themselves,
rormiug new circles wherever a sufficient num
ber of Irishmen can be fouud to carry oil the
business.
Returns just received from the census of
1860 show that there were in that year, with
in the United States, twenty-three establish
ments for the manufacture of billiard and
bagatelle tables, having au invested capital of
$340,268, employing 298 persons, paying for
labor $139,176, and yielding products annual
ly amounting to $727,900.
The census just taken in Wisconsin gives
the following results : Total uumber of in
habitants, 961,847. The population in 1860
was 675,620. A gain is thus shown in five
years of 93,227,
A photographer of Cleveland, Ohio, is about
to explore the Mammonth Cave of Kentucky,
for the purpose of taking views of its interior,
by tho aid of strong chemical lights.
The Commissioner of Agriculture has re
ceived from Illinois a t-pecimen loaf of sugar
manufactured from the beet. The sugar is of
snowy whiteness, and beatifully crystalized,
equaling anything produced from the sugar
cane. It is claimed that this beet sugar can
be produced at less coat than that made from
cane.
It is now ascertained that the net increase
in the population of Rhode Island, during the
past five years, has been between eleven and
twelve thousand. The growth has been alto
gether in the cities and manufacturing towns,
the agricultural |sections having invariably
shown a decline.
M. Pierre Garme, the French billiard player,
has defeated Kavanagh, t he eminent American
player, at a French carosn game of 300 points,
by twenty-six points. Other matches between
the same parties are to fellow.
A terrible tragedy has occurred in Randolph
county, 111. Two physicians* purchased some
calomel of a druggist aud administered it to
some forty of their patients, producing alarm
ing symptions in all and causing tho death of
seven, including a sister of one of the physi
cians. It was subsequently ascerteined that
corrosive sublimate was mixed with the cal
omel .
A Canadian paper says that orders have been
received for tho purchase of oats and barley in
Canada for the home maiket This is anew
feature af the grain trade, rendered necessary
by the short crops this year in Europe and the
United States ; and, in view of the probable
abrogation of the reciprocity treaty next
March, is a pleasant feature. It is estimated
that tiie difference between tho price of oats
and barley in England and Canada, at the
present time, is aufficiestiy larg?) to make a
trade between the two countries profitable to
the Canadian producers.
An amatur photographer has been taking
negatives of the interior of the Great Pyramid
of Egypt, by the aid of magnesium light. The
catacombs of Rome are to be photographed in
the same way.
According to an official statement, the num
her of cattle carried off by the plague within
the last twenty years amounts to no less than
200,000 in the province of Tobolsk, the origi
nal Beat of this terrible scourge.
During tho recent bathing season at Lain
dubno, on the coast of Wales, a prize was of
fered for the best lady owimmer in a fifty
yards race. The prizs was won by a little
girl bat eight years old the daughter of a
Loudon banker.
Harriet Martineau, now in her sixty-fourth
year, continues to be the most active and able
contributor to the London Daily News, and
other publications, the last two volumes of
her History of England during the great peace
are in press. The activity of this lady is un
i .ralleled in the annals of literature, particu
larly as she is nearly as blind as Milton was,
and also totally deaf
As far as head trom, the majority for Gen.
Humphreys in Mississippi for Governor, is
about 3,000.
The New York Court of Appeals has decided
that shares in National Banks are taxable by
State authority, although the capital is inves
ted in Government bonds. The question will
now go to the Supreme Court of the United
States for final decision.
gThe Toronto Globe publishes a return show
ing that the number of acres assessed in Up
per Canada is 18,144,000, and iu Lower Canada
13,763,000. Tho number of rate- payers
a ; 3essed ia Upper Canada is 285,000, and in
Lower Canada 211,000, The asse-sed value of
real estate in Upper Canada is $240,000,000,
! and in Lower Canada, $169,000,000 The as
sessed value of personal property in Upper
Canada, $25,600,000, and in Lower Canada,
$1,400,000.
A firm at Enfield, N. H., found sixty pounds
of limestone rocks packed in the middle of a
bale cf cotton which they had recently pur
chased for their mill.
Eleven ol the Musical and Theatrical mag
nates of New York, including the world re
nowned Barnum, have withdrawn their pat
ronage from the New Yotk Herald. This will
reduce Bencet’s income, annually about S2OO
000.
It is stated that the boot aud shoe business
of Lynn, Mass , for the month of August,
amounted to twelve hundred thousand dollars.
Prairie chickens are very plenty the west
this year. At a recent prairie chicken hunt in
lo wa, eight hundred and fifty seven birds were
killed in four hours by nineteen men.
•V..VVB M.MMAHY.
The boilers of the rolling md l a’ Sh ir r ,
Pennsylvania, bffw up on O to her 12. (hu
man and two boy* wre seik nsiy injured, «u and
five others ftlffibtty iejmsd The less of pup
erty iB estimated at $30,000
3be great storm on the Gulf co .st of Louis
an a ami i ixas, heutofore noticed in our col -
umn, has resulted iu ! arge loss of life at Sa
bine Pass and other points. Nearly en hut;
dred human beings were drowned, while one
person lost 600 cattle, ,
A horrible accident occurred on the Penn
sylvania Central Railroad, near Lanc.ater, ea
Saturday. The axle of a passenger car breke,
letting the occupants drop upon ihe track,
where they were run over by the rear cars.
Eight persons were killed.
Four locomotives aud ~'x Ca;s were destroy
ed recently by collisions ou the Little Miami
and Marrietta (Ohio) Railroads within twenty
four hours. The accidents occurred on 'a
single track. No lives lost.
The late Concord Bank robbery is still en
veloped in my filmy. A large number of per
rons living iu Concord, who had invested all
their property iu Government bonis, and de
posited them iu ibis bank, are rendered utter
ly penniless by this mysterious burglary.
Gen. Bennett, commanding inOhailesion,has
been informed oi tho departure for that place
from Northern cities of between 460 and 500
thieves aud men of that class. About forty
persons, supposed to be part of this gang, have
been arrested by Gen. Bennett’s orders.
The steamer Belfast, loaded with private
cotton, on her way from Demopolis to Mobile,
was recently hoarded by guerrillas, who com
manded her to round tc nnd surrender her
barge of cotton, and upon tier refusal to coin
ply, fired on her, riddling the pilot house and
sending a number cf bullets through the cabin.
Tho passengers eseapted by taking refuge be
hind tho cotton.
“Governor” Borman of Western Virginia
has commenced issuing proclamations He has
ordered the arrest of alt “evil iisposod and
seditious persons” who are wickedly inciting
the people of that State to hold aa ejection of
delegates to the General Assembly of Virginia;
and calls on the military authorities to aid him
in putting down all such seditious revolution
ary movemeuij.
The Erie Railway earned for the mouth of
September, 1865, $1,345,456 52. The earnings
for the 6ain>i period duringlß64, were $1,3u1,
005 75. Increase, $44,350 77.
The Dangetfield property in Alexandria,
valued at about $50,000, which was seiz and l>y
the Government, has been restored to Mrs.
Daugerfield by’ direction of the President.
General Strong, Inspector General of tho
Fietdmeu’s Bureau, has been ordered to Texas
to maKe an inspection cf the affairs of freed
men in that State.
The vote in Connecticut, on the negro tuf
frage question, was 26.851 for and 33,263
against ; the negative majority being 6,412, —
The vote was not much more than half as huge
as that for President in 1564
Major Gen. McClellan is expected soon in
New York from Europe
Secretary Stanton declines to interfero with
the ruling of the Paymaster General in regard
to restricting the Washington negro troops to
SIOO bounty.
The Commissioner of Interval Revenue has
ruled that when the sales ot produce brokers
exceed tho annual value of SIO,OOO at any lira
during the year of his license, aud the product
broker is thereby subjected to the liability of a
commercial broker, the new license should be
granted from the first day of the month u
which the liability occurred, and should he
issued ou the payment of the proportion, with,
the annual cost of such license.
Twelve thousand three hundred and twenty
acres of public lands v«re takeu up with Agn
cultural College scrip atTorpeka, Kansas dur
ing last month aad upward ot 2,200 acres were
actually settled _ upon under the Homestead
law.
Emigration is rapidly flowing into Min
nesota.
The mail service between Macon and Sa
vannah has been resumed.
The Lionx and Cheyenne Indians still con
tinue hostilities.
The coinage at the Sau Francisco mint for
the last uiue months foot up over $16,000,000.
jno political news of importance from.
France.
Private advices from Rio de Janerio, state
the stock of coffee on hand at 80,000 bags, of
which 35,000 bags have been sold for the Uni
ted States at prices which will equal 20c. in
gold duty paid, which is an advance ou pre
vious prices ; this has caused a firmer maiket
in the Eastern cities.
Georse W. Jones of China, Mo., who was
caught setting a tire at Portland, has con ft t-s -
ed to setting the recent disastrous fire at Au
gusta.
Carl Schuiz is going to start a radical paper
at St. Louis.
Blind Tom, the negro pianist, has reached
Ne v York.
It will be remembered that fifty-three ol tho
passengers of the emigrant ship Villa Franca
brought a suit against Capt. Anderson aud hits
owners, at Now York, to recover a penalty of
three dollars per day for shortness of rations
furnished them. The«e suits have now been
settled, the owners giving back the passage
money, or about thirty doilars to ea. h passen
ger, exclusive ot costs.
A highly speculative individual, in Peters
burg, Va , is buying negroes upon the chance
that the United Sates Government wll here
a'ter. pay for all tho slaves emancipated by
the result cf the late wtr He offers $lO in
gold for the right of property in each negro
and the Petersburg Index learns that in seme
cases where he had effected purchases he had
actually paid the money.
The Freshman Class in Yale already mini
bers more than one hundred and fifty, and a
few more, it )3 supposed, will be admitted,
making it ore of the largest glasses ever iu the
institution.
The Atlantic and Pacific mail steamship
companies have been consolidated—the latter
paying $4,500,000 for the property of the for
mer. It is rumored that, under the new ar
rangement, a weekly line to California wiil
soon be established.
Mt. Hood, Oregen, a volcano, is now in a
state of eruption. Tho bmeting forth of its
lava is thought to have produced the shock of
earthqake felt in California.
Snow fell on the mountains near Harrisburg,
Va., October 4,
jgfHon. Pierre Soule is soon expected at New
Orleans. He will make that city his home.
Gen. W J. Hardee is at present on his wile’s
plantation in Alabama.
Col. Charles is elected a delegate to Con
gress from New Mexico, over Col. Pesea by
1,600 majority.
About one half of the new $50,000,000
loan is subscribed for.
Rolla, Missouri, will soon be evacuated as a
military post and the entire south-western part
of tho State cleared of military of every
kind. *
Hon. Kenneth Raynor of N. G. Is out in a
letter favoring separation of tho white and
black races.
. The bay gelding Dexter, whose feat of trot
ting a mile in 2:18 1-5 is the best on record, is
the property of Geotge Allay, of New York,
who purchased him for a ntrre song two yens
ago. Flora Temple’s Kalamazoo time—2:l9|
—has, heretofore, been the best. Dexter hau
a fine day ajd a splendid track for his feat.
The best time he ever made ia a race before
was 2:24 ” *
Johu Van Bureu has recently made a speech
in which he came out flat-footed for Andrew
Johnson for next President of the United
States.
There were 4,123 arrests made ia Philadel
phia during September.
Secretary McCullough Los decided against
the recommendation of the Cincinnati Chamber
ot Commerce that ireedmeu be employed un
der direction of Gen. Grant to repair levees on
the Mississippi river.
Tne new assessment list of taxable real es
tate and personal property in Chicago, now in
preparation by the city authorities, will show
an increase of about $15,000,000' over ia-'
year.
It is supposed that Gov. Marvin, will be se
lected TJ. S. senator from Florida, and Hon.
D. S. Walker one of the judges of the supreme
court, elected to the office of Governor.
During the fiscal year ending June: 13th,
1865, the number of dead letters returned to
the Letter Office in Washington, was lit
tle under four millions. These contained two
hundred aud fifty thousand iu cash and other
articles of value. One million three hundred
thousand letters were ietui ned to the writers