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OLD SERIES, VOL. LXXYi.
Chumifle & s'egtin#l.
► H j.MiV MOOHK,
A. It. WKHiirT.
- S i-t-ii-t-:- n;rrr—^rrarsa
TLiOI* OF ‘-l HMKiHTKI*.
*1 -.'it,•!»,,,. . . 75
a rwt fl'r.v. GA i
»?SR\kSfUT XtHi.VlSti, ftJBRPAW Vi.
Contraction of Hie Currency.
An i mod florrosfiondtiit Asks the ro-
I'ullir-.tion of ib<; subjoined eommuniea
, ti- ;i. tat !• from the New York Berald, , and
»i ks if the logic:« not irrefutable. Wo com
!>:;■ <•}.•• rfhily whhtbe requertfor republics
ti'oi. \\'( are solicitous ft all times to
. di qiiay to our readers thn argument ’,
>r« und co», nit all important questions,
so far as oar limits will allow. In the !
K "'it c* ", wo do not think that the
auction mos very great importance. In
d> i, at the South gold and silvor, greca
h icks and truional hank currency, are so
lamentably dofi.-foot that a serious divcns
>: oi of the relative merits of circulating
iij'- iiums—all of which are beyond our
roach —becomes almost a j'arce. In such a
disco ion the .South is nretty much in the
condition of the Irish beggar, who, being
road, astraddle.a stick horse, was asked if
he was taking a. ride to-day. lie replied,
i es, your Honor; but if it was not for
t!i- honor of the thing, I might as well be
walking. 'I here is only left to the South
bat the steady and energetic? application of
the.rule which she has always recognized
an ; enforced. A sound system of agricul
ture is the only true basis for a sound
system of finance. We can only obtain
greenbacks, national bank notes, or gold,
by producing that which can bo exchanged
f..r them. If Providence favors the South
tins year with auspicious seasons and good
c. the-o questions will present them
sel v ’ s with a v.-ry different bearing.
i.ut, in complying with our correspon
dent . request, wc do not wish to be con
- lns endorsing the article. Whilst
the communication contains some views
win ei an: unque tionahly sound and sensi
ble, there is much in it that not only does
not satisfy the requirements of correct
lo.v- or sound finance, but is absolutely, in
l or ey. s, the shallowest sophistry. For
example; Mr. Oldhuck asserted that tlm
Hon. Feerotary of the Treasury “has more
than doubled on currency sinco gold was
soiling for $2 80, ’ and .asked, “if expan
sion will bring down gold fifty per cent.,
how much will contraction bring it down?”
Ihe success and conclusion of tho war
gave the public tho assurance that the
nee c-ity fir further largo issues of paper
0" : ed to exist. This restored confidence
by enabling the public to estimate definite
ly the volume of paper issues as compared
with tho supply of gold. The accumula
tion of one hundred milliufis in gold, or
oik fourth the issue of greenbacks as a
surplus, after paying the interest accrued
in a nim.de y. ar, lias increased confidence in
tlm ability of the Government to redeem its
pup ri- c ; with gold w ithin a short time. 1
Bus, clearly, on Mr. Oldbuck’s own princi- I
pin of “supply and demand, ’’ there is j
more currency in tho country than gold ; j
hence gold being the scarcer article, a
greater proportion of currency is required j
to obtain gold. In other words, gold bears !
the highest price. Heduco the value of
greenbacks to the amount of gold, and
make the one convertible at option into the
other, the inevitable result will bo that
both will ho rated at tho same value. But
then- is. another reply to Mr. Oldliuek, iu
ids own stylo of argument. If an expansion
of double the amount of currency brings
down gold fifty per cent., will not an cx
pun.-aui if quadruple the amount of cur
rency plao * currency at a premium and
gold at a dmount ?
A vain Mr. Oldhuck, in tho teeth of
daily transactions in Wall street, as well as
all over the country, attempts, in tho
shallowest kind of reasoning, to confute tho
stntomou: of the lion. Secretary of the
Tr-a-ury. “nut we have au irredeemable
•paper currency," which lie considers an
evil, an 1 proposes to remedy. The Mr.
Oldhuck -of the North may talk flippantly,
an 1 propose experiments in irredeemable
currencies, and they may indulge them
selves with impunity in' such harmless
sp ■ slat ions so long as the surplus of gold
in ;he f; usury continues to bo increased,
and especially so long ns that increase is at
the rate of one hundred millions per an
num. But how any Southerner (more es
pecially our friend who contributed so
handsomely), after Mr. Memmiuger’s
grand experiment, can for a moment tuivo
cat‘ an irredeemable currency, wo are ut
terly at a loss to understand. It is doubt
ful if support in such policy could bo ob
tainel from Mr. Memmiager himself now;
and tailing in that, it is quite certain that
it could be obtained uowhe.ro else in tho
So-called.
JONATHAN' OI.rUJUCK’S WORDS OF SOBER-
Vi -s TO THE MEMBERS OF CONGRESS.
To the lh litor of the Herald:
Tin* Sccictary of tho Treasury proposes
to bring at.mit specie payments by con
tr...'ting tiu-currency. You will romem
bo • tha\ since g. id was selling for $2 so tho
Secretary lias more than doubled on cur
rency ; und in tiie face of ids making our- |
n ■ > ru, idly tho price of gold lias I
g id'ually '.lien to 13.5, or more than fifty j
jvi-eem.* Will the Secretary toll us how !
i!.' , bring down gold to par by eontrae- !
ti ,wo a fai:s so rapidly by expan- j
so n? Tiiis us n plain, practical question !
that and uiands a clear and mathematical i
an -wo:-. If xp.insiou brings down gold]
fifty per cent, how much will contraction
town? Will the Tribune, the Now
York /' . or .EVprc.ft answer this ques- j
t.. a for the Secretary?
The secretary and Commissioner Wells
itiv "gold an l silver are a standard of
v. no." Is tills, true ? Does not every
trader know that* supply and demand Is
tho standard of value m market? If there
are more cattle ill tho market than there
are purchasers, does not the butcher know
that tho pried of boot must fall? and so of
every article that is a subject of purchase
and sale among traders. When au article
uuis! bo sold it is worth to the seller what
it wiii bring. If a farmer wants a com and
cannot swap away a steer ora horse for the
o w, then he must sell his steer or horso
amt buy a cow. Here the use of money is
mantle**;** 1. It is “no standard of value,"
bu a convenient means to assist in the cx-
Bus, says the Secretary, “wo have an
Imdocnial-ie paper currency.’’ Is this
true? We have nothing in* circulation
inn mom y. Is money redeemable,? Why,
it is the redeemer of all pecuniary ohhga
bjeet for sp< ti n*
nioio-y by aet of Congress, is redeemed in
the way intended every hour in the day.
My. creditor is bound to take it from me in
payment of my debt, and he thus redeems
j! from me: au l so, in ail business trans
actions. each buyer and seller is constantly
redeeming our legal tender. It is because
Congress has coined paper, as it coins
gold, and fixed its value, that is money.
Gobi is made money by Congress, and so
is paper. If Congress shall declare any
oil, r thing money, and “fix its’value,” it
will be money.
The Secretary does not speak truly when
he says our legal tender is an “irredeema
ble euvrency," It is neither practically
nor theoretically true.
T S tv'.ary says “there is too much '
r,' , . m country.” is this true? 1
Wlu.n money is abundant it is very cheap; I
wiit u < -n,v*J uis very dear. This is the !
oniv , ■ iuni. Does any man complain
of i.:r. a:;t<'d much? If he has an excous
Ui. r are ; kuuy of men who will give him
go and uii'.ive property for it. Honey
I . • .. unaresi ; therCfose no oao v.ffl
ii id it ..is h> can make more than
tv veu j\- e cent, c ,* of i„;use. Make xc. sy
. . This v** 11 e6e
l'ii the moat.,- lender, v.’ho in a uoa*pro
din . M.-s • r . y plenty arid you
be-u-v: the iuc '• y l>o.‘rc w-er," who is tho
iudn iriou; prouvi-or. Who then, will
the l o.i-nrov’r .-hvv vioiic-v lender t It is
iho uvy iv.'.v.vr ~.uu UiO Secretary ;U*
vors ?
Tho Secre.ary ssr thv.t u : ,va* t evil? •
uioro taiui fifty eddion 1a- col- ;
bonds were sucouvciy.H .-.do no v: V.v ,
t the r,r :, : ' i u ,-Vi
\v. • -1 l>i-oa«t~; i were KO low that i,.n
little v ulil hc,l.ro t; :vtt to muitet. As
moii as pnuw #uv»uo..t **
■ lit to our farmers the railroads anti canals
j were overrun with freight and travel.
! The roads were enabled to pay off tlieir
j debts and make dividends, which gave the
j cash value to ail th -ir bonds and Stocks,
t white Hit) proceeds of the produce en^Moa
!the iwr Imiffs of the Went, to nay their
indebtedness to .New Verb, and tm~o pay
ments und this increased value U> railroad
! securities enabled, our merchants to stand
t up uudfet their great losses at the Houih.
j apd subscribe largely to the loans of gov-
I eminent. Hf these great I -iu ; t'Ps, besi ffnp
! making our farmers rich, are part of ttie
j i-vils which the Secretary sees in high '
1 prices, it is very apparent that the great
I West will not agree- with him.
The Secretary says that our hew coined
money which wo call legal tender has ad
vanced prices. Is this true ?
What raised tho price of (low, pork, &r„
in tijo West when the war commenced ? -
as is not the demand for government j
a-io? Did currency put up tho price ? ,
Di 1 not tin. increased demand enable the
1 inner -of the groat West to get high i
prices for their produ'-e through the ev.-ni- 1
fill period of our war 1 Docs tin* Hocrefaty j
complain of their prosperity and wish tp !
cheek it by curtailing their means of pro- !
and icing and .scliinif ? Th* laborer* of 'tue I
country Wore r ent from the West, and thus 1
curtailed production. Tiiw were sent as 1
soldiers to the South, and thus became 1
do ,/rOji rs and consumers. Dn'ring the I
war and since we iKtve imported more tlVinri j
we exported, and tluis xa ran ap-n debt in
I-.u ip", und a gicat demand sprang upon I
our sea j oris for «11 usporiablo articles.
Si that the balance dr price of exchange
rose so high that our exporters were able
h» pay $lO for a barrel of flounin New
York and eend it to Liverpool mid sell it
there for $7, and make money by the
transaction, adding the present rates of
exchange.
Tpus tho rate of exchange on Europe
Jja* guyernfad inn-prlnuu ,if w»iswp«y>e*i>s
articles; rfrnrTiks thus kept up-wrjirices
which now rule in bur markets. When
exchange shall be at par i which is 109),
the shipper will not lie able to pay more
than $0 for Hour that he sells in Liverpool
for $7. Therefore with the decline in
the price of exchange will be in a decllno
in the price of all kinds of produce that is
now being exported. Is this true? Every
merchant who gives ids check to pay for a
bill on Europe knows that the prices of all
exportable articles, Including gold, rise
and fail with the price of exchange.
•Since our Government coined paper and
fixed its value we have not used gold for
banking or mercantile purposes. It has
been given up to commerce and now rank*
| among our ex portable prod nets. It is pro
duced by our laboring population at the
rate of nearly eighty millions per annum.
More than sixty millions of this gold lia*
been s'-nt tho last year to Europe with
otir cotton, flour, grain, pork, beef, Ac,,
and when these articles are stripped the
merchant draws his bills of exchange
against tho products, and sells his bills to j
tho importer, who remits to pay for his j
purchases. Thus gold has no more control
over prices here than any other article ex
ported lias, because tho importer will pay
fora hill of exchange, drawn by a respon
sible banker, the same price whether tho
bill is made bya shipment of cotton, pork,
flour, Ac., or gold. When, therefore, the
importing merchant shall decrease his
purchase of bills of exchange by ceasing to
import and exchange shall exceed "the
demand, then it will drop down to par;
then the balance of trade will turn in o-.ir
favor and bring back gold; then the current
from our mines will meet the return cur
rent from Europe, and our Sub-Treasury
and banks will ho surfeited with it. When
this time arrives, which is now close upon
1 us, who but the Secretary would prefer the
! ponderous gold to our convenient leg.-tl
tender. Jonathan Oi,Dacca, “
Mo. Si Wall street.
A Sow Wonder—Stale Bights—-Chase
with the Majority.
The Supreme Court of the United States
has had before (hem the question wheth
er—
“lf a Stato prohibits lotteries, can tho
Federal Government, as in tho Internal
Revenue Bill, license them to exist des
pite tiie State of Sow York ?”
It. will he perceived that this question
directly involves the right of a State to
make such internal regulations as may pro
tect her from the exercise, within her bor
der, of an universal or illegal traffic. It
revives the great question which the war i
seemed to have settled forever—that the I
States had no rights which might not bo '
destroyed by tho action of the Federal
Congress, and denies this power which hr,s
been claimed and exercised by the Pro fi
dent and the last Congress in hundreds of
cases.
She court decides—Chief Justice Chase
delivering the opinion—that
1. The license under tho act of 1864, and
tho amendatory acts Confer upon the
license no authority to carry on the
licensed business within the State.
2. The requirement of payment for
licenses is simply a mode of imposing
taxes on the business, and tho prohibition
under penalties against carrying on the
business without a license,is only a means
or mode of enforcing tho payment of such
taxes.
3. The provisions of the act of Congress
requiring suoh license, anil imposing
penalties for not taking out and paying
for them, are not contrary to tiie Con
stitution or public policy.
4. I he provisions in tho act of lsfifl, for tho
imposing ofspecial taxes in licuof payment
for license, removed whatever ambiguity
existed in tho previous laws, and tiro in
harmony with the Constitution and public
policy,
0. Tho recognition by tho acts of Con
gress of tho power and rights of the State
to tax, control or regulate any business
carried on within its limits is entirely in
harmony and consistent with an intention
on the part of Congress to tax such busi
ness for national purposes.
It follows, therefore, that the prohibition
of any business by the Stale does not eou
tliiit with tiie right of tho Government to
tax such business where being carried on,
nor does the license, under the act of 1861.
give the licenser authority to violate the
laws of a State by engaging therein in a
business rendered unlawful by statute.
Tlw’re is no dissenting opinion iti these
cases.”
This is one of the most cheering indica
tions for the safety of the Republic which
wo have noticed in many months. It is
far in advance of the Milligan case, in that
it is the unanimous decision of the Court,
and delivered by uo less a personage than
the Chief Justice himself.
The New York Express, in commenting
upon this decision, says;
“Thus States Rights prevail, by tho de
rision of the Court, over Federal Acts of
Congress, seriously sanctioning Liquor
sales, and Lotteries! States are groat in
stitutions (are they not?) when they
maintain our ways of thiuking,—but mis
erable enemies when they do not!
“Anon, —as men resume their sense,
and free themselves from the hard, harsh,
goading chains of Fanaticism, all will
see—that the States, acting indue subor
dination to the Federal Government,* are
the life of liberty, and the prop and pal
ladium of Property. The States alone can
snatch this Republic from tho lawlessness
and utter recklessness of Congressional
; consolidation and despotism—more es
; pecially when that despotism is created,
as now, in tho Rump Congress, by the ex
pulsion of some members and the lawless
exclusion of vdL !e States from representa
tion.”
Pork Packing in the West.
A correspondent of tho Springfield (111, )-
Journal gives the number of hogs packed
in the West this season (to the 12th ult.)
as follows;
No. No.
this season, last season.
Chicago 382,000 501,462 i
Cincinnati 380,000 354,070
St. Louis 1315,000 116,700
Louisville 162,000 01,000 :
Milwaukee 82,600 02,000
Quincy 2,'v'OO 26,162
Indianapolis 50,130 36,000
Burlington 12,500 11,517
Springfield 10* tOO 8,000 !
Ottumwa 11,500 11,500
I>es Moines 10,000 8,000
Galena 16,000 6,800 i
Keokuk 30,000 31,000 ,
Lafayotte 33,000 22.416 !
Muscatine 4.400 3,700 i
Delphi 6,000 j’oss
Terra Haute 16,600 14,500 i
Logans port 500 ’SOO I
luicon.... ... 6,o<V> s,s>:> !
Peoria 2,700 If*'s27 ■
Farmington, lowa. 500 s’.; 00 i
I Canton 500 2,4i*l !
| Fokin 2,000 2,000
i Hagerston 3,000 1 049
; - iuueio, Ind 11,000 4,400
Newcastle 3,500 none
town
| Frcuoricksvilie'.V.V" 4,000 L4Ui
i New Albany 10,502 803
' ...1,416,741 1,399,621
i; Ls evident HU list is not complete,
:\i:z 2 ;L.: there are several important
i . vh.v.-”. 11l aoD, three large
■e..' cii.k is ....-o m.'-.'.i.g from tho
loved hi iV ..ah : t.*id * nlugiug the
t lu.. ...1. ■. . Let ween \i atvfioru ami
' Cum s iatis.
Manufactures In Blchmond County.
The following statistics of manufactures
’ in Richmond county is taken from the
i eighth United States Census Reports. The
: reader will he able to gather from them
j much valuable information. It is not to
1 he presumed’that these tables furnish a fair
j ekponeUt of. the state of the manufae
j lures reported at this time. And again
j they arc deficient SJany branches ofinJus
• try have grown up sine: the war, and * kite
to an extent not generally known. Take,
for example, the single article of harness
leather. Heretofore Augusta has been
wholly dependent; oh the North tor this
, article. Now Augusta exports this article
i to New York, where it commands the
highest.,price, t-ndjtLis export is over and
: above a heavy demand from the interior.
It w 2! be seen, by the table, that the
whole number of artisans employed was
eight hundred and one. We have not the j
data at hand requisite for any accurate j
comparison, but we venture the assertion I
that the number so employed has been in
creased fifty per cent. *
It is a curious feature in the table that
“marble works” is exhibited as having been
carried on at positive loss. However, our
readers can work out these results each for
himself, just as interest or curiosity may
prorrSt:
RICHMOND COUNTY IN 18GO.
ichmond county is represented by the Census of tln« United States for l s'.ij by the Table of Manufactures as follows : ’ ’
Manufactures No. ol Estate- . I Cost of Raw I No. of J (amis. Annual Cost | Annual Value
9 lishments. '-uptui. J Material, j Males.- I Females. of Labor. of Products.
sandshoes... j 8 $ 3,000 I .$ 4,420 1 10- j 2 § 5,100 I g 12 720
binding 1 10,000 2,820 2 1,200 | (i’oOO
i Gins 2 8,500 ( 3,555" 11 | 5,730 J 18*0'2o!
I floods I 2 260,000 187,511 131 l 222 70.320 I 315*419
■tour and Meal 4 12t,000 | 435,750 I 10 | 8,610 | 513J00
jwurnitiiro, Cabinet 1 10,000 4,540 85 - 9,000 | 15*000;
-Iron Casting 1 22,(500 8,050 20 7,200 j 30*000;
tiiimber, Planed 2 40,000 22,700 | 20 5,400 I 35*500
tiumlior, 5awed......... 16 281,050 28,189 $53 2 10,428 j 74J140,
ilachinervu e*itlton and woolen... 1 9,000 11.413 8 2.880 i (5* 12.5;
iMiieinnerv, Steam Engines 2 53,400 14(459 00 lB,OOO I 79*17.5!
; .Jarbio Works 1 3,000 f 1,200 7 3,300 I 3’oooi
I printing, Newspaper and Job 4 63,500 48,180 64 3 42.900 I 110,808!
; iftwh, Dows and lllinds 1 40,000 15.100 10 8.600 j 30,000 1
to J ji1,025,650 §800,620 J 571 280 $227,426 | $1,302,912 !
Nobie Sentiments.
A writer in the Louisville (Ky.) Journal
makes a long argument against tho union
of the Democratic and the Conservative
parties of that State, and insists upon the
organization of anew parly to be called tho
“Conservative Union Party.” Prentice,
the editor of tiie Journal, opposes this now
oFg auization, and advises the union of all
the elements opposed to Radicalism with
the Democratic party.
Prentice has been a lifelong Whig and
bitter opponent of tiie old Democracy, but
now, when the old political issues which
divided Whigs and Democrats have passed
away, lie can see no reason why the good
men of both of the old parties should not :
unite ior the common weal.
In commenting upon the reasons which I
arc urged by those of his old party, why j
they cannot co-operate with the Democrat- 1
io party, and particularly to the objections
which is made against the antecedents of
a large number of tho party, ho says :
“Is this objection good ? Is it an ob
jection which vindicates the necessity of a
Third party ? Clearly not. A party,
whatever its ordinal number, must stand
upon some living issue ; but here, as else
where in the Union, there is no living is
sue except the issue of the supremacy of the
Constitution and the issue of the supre
macy of party necessity. The latter of these
issues forms the basis of the Radical, party
of the State, and tho other forms the basis
of tho organization to which our friend
objects; there is no other living issue hero.
What is there, accordingly, fora third party
to stand upon ? Opposition to the rebellion ?
The rebellion does not exist. Opposition
to itds a dead issue. Opposition to those
who rebelled ? When they submitted to
the Constitution we forgave them, restor
ing them to the full enjoyment of citizen- i
ship. Opposition to them is also a dead j
issue. Shall we try to revive it ? Shall |
we tell the Radicals that tho case upon j
which they rest the vindication of their j
policy is true f— that those ivho rebelled j
arc rebels still ? Shall we now endorse
the Radical aspersion of the men for whom
we so lately stood sponsors at the baptis
mal font of the Constitution? Because
they love their late comrades batter titan
their late foes, are more excited by Dixie
than by the Star Spangled Banner,and send
fewer reports of county meetings to the
Journal or Democrat than to the Courier, j
shall we recant our magnanimity, mar our j
i justice, and libel our cause? On account!
of mere umbrage, shall we seek to do ■
what, if we could do it, must strengthen ;
the Radical party of the State, set on the i
! Radical party of tho country, and rekindle j
, the fires of the rebellion in the hearts of 1
I our own people ? No! and, if we should 1
[ be weak enough to seek to do it, we would \
| have our folly for our pains. The dead
i issue would not be revived. It is dead
! beyond the reach of resurrection. And
I we rejoice in the event.
“What is there, we repeat, for a third
i party to stand upon ? Nothing. There is
! nothing to stand upon : and we fain would i
believe that there is nobody to stand upon
| it. If. however, our friend should attempt
I to stand upon it, \ve in advance wish him j
j a safe deliverance from the impossible j
! feat. But we hope he will not make the
; attempt”
It will be remembered that the author
of the above patriotic and elegant extract
was one of the strongest adherents cf the
Federal cause throughout the war in the
whole State of Kentucky. We believe
that his action wasffounded upon princi
ple. We believe that he honestly sup
! ported the war as the only means of pre
serving the Union, and that he is perfectly
i consistent now in demanding that the
; South should be ehabiiitated in all the
rights and privileges which, under the
I Constitution, are guaranteed to all the
States of the Union.
However much we differ with Prenriee
upon the abstract rights of the States—
however much we may condemn his course
during the war--the Southern people will
minify thetr own character and blacken
their fair fame if they should fail to appre
ciate the noble sentiments which he utters
; in behalf ot the oppressed and impoverish
ed white people of the lately seceded States.
” E cut the following advertisement from
■ ; ,i..a.K tpilia Ir, jtiirer, an extreme
07 : V. COLLAR REWARD.— RUXA
’ * •‘-•ALLIE SI -AS ART, anindentur
e i colored girl. All persons are hereby
cauii.nted against harboring or trustinlr
her on my account.
fm-above reward, but no charges, will
be paid on he r return to me.
si. V. STRING FELLOW,
No. 7 in Federal si
AUGUSTA, GA., NVEDSESIrfr MOKNING. EEBRUaKY 13. 1807.
j Forney’s Press on Cleveland’s Stephens.
j The Fret*, publishing the correspondence
; batween President Lincoln and Mr. Stc
; phens, pronounces them “valuable contribu
j lions to political history,” and affirms
that “they constitute an overwhelming
vlndi -itiiju of the Republican party before
the rebellion.” Bat the past is dismissed
summarily, and the writer rushes to attack
I State sovereignty, and to indicate the
j wrong of the Radical policy of the Repub
! iicaa party now. The writer asserts that
! '‘they (the South) declared that they sece
ded upon the doctrine of State sovereignty,
arid yet their very first’act was to destroyScate
sovereignty by consolidating themselves into
a slave despotism, by making the very seces
sion which was the pretext for their own
treason, treason cn tho part of any one of
themselves who might choose to resort to
it as against the bastard Confederacy.
And furthermore, they placed everything
upon the issue of the hazard—personal
liberty, personal rights, and life itself—and
they lost a!!, disdaining to receive anything
in the event 01 failure, so confident were
they of the success of their wicked con
spiracj’. But if, throughout the entire j
war, they had done none of these things ;
if from the first, they had claimed their
right to return to the Union, in the event
of defeat, with the same power they en
gmoa they, left it, tiudr rebellion Kits
in itspJfso causeless, so cruel, and so savage,
that theirldefeat placed them entirely at
the mercy of the conquerors."
Wc present this assertion without com
ment, simply because tho questions in
volved are not presented to us as belong
-1 ing to part of the union of States, but in a
nondescript political condition, character
ized by the writer as at the mercy
'of the conquerors.” Silence, therefore, is
becoming and proper. Whether this si
lence will be the silence of Poland or of
Ireland, will bo decided by the peopl e ot
the North and West, and that decision will
j involve the enforcement of doctrines which
j affect their political rights and material
' interests far more seriously than it can
j possibly affect any of the excluded States.
But such questions sink into utter insig
nificance when the writer considers “the
! hideous and shameless infamy” of Mr.
; Stephen's “ present position,” of giving
“ aid and comfort to the wretched apos
tate in tho Presidential office.” It will
excite the smile of the reader to learn that
Alexander 11. Stephens “and his asso
ciates are organizing, under the lead of
Andrew Johnson, a new rebellion." Well,
if - they do, they will have to send to
Germany or Africa, or Pennsylvania or
Massachusetts, or some other densely pop
ulated country for their (soldiers —none can
be had here. Wc hardly think that
darkies, sufficient to form a brigade, could
\ he seduoed into an enlistment for another
1 war.
* The Right Spirit.
We are glad to find that there aro a few
, Radicals/whose hearts have not been wholly
burnt to cinders with the raging fires of
bate and vengeance against tho unfor
tunate poor of the South, and, at least,
one Radical Journal is willing to aid the
; starving women and children of the late
j seceded States without accompanying the
i proposed charity with a gratuitous in
sult.
Tho Rochester Democrat, a rabid Radi
cal press, in a late issue, says :
“The distress in the South lias fallen
clileily on women and children, the
widows and orphans of thoso who perish
ed in the war. Their condition is such,
that without help from tho North, it is |
probable that many of them will actually
dio of cold and hunger. We hope that
help will bo liberally afforded, not only to
Atlanta, but to every part of tho South
whore women and children are. starving.
Tliefo is a movement on foot to send relief
to the destitute Greeks ot Caridia. But
Greeks at our door, our neighbors and our
countrymen, have tho first claim upon
our charity. Immediate measures, should
be taken for their relief before anything is
sent to strangers’ fivet thousand miles
away.”
Wc heartily endorse the remarks of the
Memphis Appeal iu commenting upon this
unlooked for and gratifying allusion to our
suffering poor :
“We honor the soul that dictated those
lines. The .Southern heart can easily be
won by kindness, but never driven by
force. Why should there not be the good
old feeling existing between us? Wears
a people of tho common parent—of the
same blood and the same kindred. The
bravery of each has been proven on a hun
dred bloody battle fields. Let our enmity
be turned against a common enemy. This
can be done only when these ranting, puri
tanical Radicals will attend to their own
business at home, and allow us to mark out
our own path in peace. In this way only
can we live happily together. But you
cannot wiu us back by threats and insults.
Give us kind words and meet us like broth
ers. Wo met you <sn the field and never
fiincfied. We fought you a fight such as
the history of the world has never seen
before, either for gallantry or daring. Learn
to honor us for our courage, our persev
erance, and our devotion to any cause we
promise our faith to, and our glory shall be
your victory, and your conquest our
triumph. Tho victory of one shall be the
glory of the other. This can be done only
when you allow each State to rule itself,
subject to the restrictions of the Constitu
tion, without any interference from outside
communities. Give us this, and more of
such sentiments as the Democrat has ex
pressed, and “wc may be happy yet.”
Becoming Alarmed.
Some of the leading Radical journals arc
becoming somewhat alarmed at the rapid
strides made in Congress by their party
friends towards the overthrow of Republi
can institutions.
They have been consulting—and we arc
glad to see with good effect—the returns
of the elections held last fall in the North
ern and Western States, and find that
their lease upon the Government is not so
strong as many of their leaders seem to
think.
The Washington correspondent of the
the Cincinnati Gazette, one of the most
bitter and vindictive of all the Radical
tribe, has sounded the alarm.J and calls
lustily for caution in any further violent
movements of his party. According to
this paper the only hope of the country
rests in the continued success of the
Radical party, and this thought inspires
his appeal to his friends to move with
‘ ! caution. ” He says:
••Never before has the need of prudence
been so great. Those who condemn Con
gress for being slow should think -of
this. Such saw with confidence, “Have
not the people* declared in thunder tones
for Congress? Have we not a popular
majority of four hundred thousand?”
True enough; but a change of 24,000 votes
in the represented Statss will give the
Johnson partv the victory in the next
Presidential election. A change of less
than 9,000 will give the opposition the 26
electoral votes of Pennsylvania; less than
7,(100 will secure the 33 votes of New York ;
less than 300 will carry New Jersey; a
trifle over 7,000 would change Indiana,
and less than 300 Connecticut. These,
with those now assured, would put this
nation back into the hands of those who
wielded its political power before the war,
with a Supreme Court to sanction their
proceedings, which has retrograded to the
period of the Dred Scott decision, and
whose march is still in retreat. Those
who are urging Congress to steps which
the people may possibly fail to endorse,
are asking the only body of men who can
save the nation without another appeal to
arms, to take steps which might insure
their own destruction.”
This statement probably explains the
recent vote on Stevens reconstruction reso
lutions, which were consigned to the tomb
of the Reconstruction Committee by so
large a vote of those, who a few weeks
past, were loud in their demands for sum
mary punishment upon the people of the
Southern States.
European steamers from New York
j are said to have their full complement of
i passengers engaged for the next three
' months.
: A Sort YiCrri Taraetii jMvay Auger.
| The Rochester (N. \.) ffniou. iu c-om
nicntiiig upon the low agjb coutemptible
! conduct of Gen. Griffin in re-losing to per-
I mit the obsequies of the la^pnted-General
Albert Sidney Johnston in Gplveston, gives,.
} the following tribute to 3|s worth aacF
j memory; if
I Sidney Johnston was) a moat soldier—
| probably the ablest in the <*W army at the
I tune-th-.* rebellion broke oat. He was a
1 K.&titaekian.. but he had endeared, himself J
! to the Texans by resigning hia commission ;
i in the United States servieeSr-iu 1834, :ii vj
j enteringthal of the
! the Adjutant General and ifie%?dior Bri~-
; adier Gbneral of its army,uhaequeutiv 5 a
.Secretary of War. then, bet do relurhin<r
! to the regular army, the eoUmajjgof its first
regiment raised i>r our Mcxi- •
eo, and lastly, its champion in qtie attempt
at secession.* Xhapeopie of Uwpffouih h*ul
tire satno regard for him bqvv
have for all their publi- whjeled them
in support of the cause for whl.-ij!;fie died.
They will always entertain dial feeling 1
and tlleirchildren after them dUr genera- I
turns will have it imbued in t£»?*n.“ Indi- :
vidua) treason, which proeeosiSjfippa a base -
motive, can bo made «.di -us; bfit! the col- ;
leclive treason ot com; -a . mi ‘Jons, oet-u- i
pying a vast section 1 mn'.rjg with all j
the elements of emu're in and about
them, and who simply s k tornissbrt the I
theory of SQlf-governm.-nt. mr %'theiu- :
selves to be found iu ;he, Gflnwdefat© !
i < institution, leaving other sit- j
noted people to govern an !
their own way, can never litr-sMye i
odious—never.' Those involved in H*will
make it respectable in spite 6f pltehifcjWi
power. The spreadimr .
ern o lisp sing will.neym- adi&jHHEPMti*'
fafttm -tftd augh'fThrft :.-.tii,(Wr ng Tim
blush to their cheek. The manes of tiie
prominent actors in the rebellioh will al
ways be glorified by them, and the cause
that is lost will ever- be held in their esti
mation as one worthy of tiie highest exer ■
tions and greatest sacrifices of a free and
enlightened people, n.l are not account
ing lor or justifying facts, but simply
stating them that they may bo recognized,
and that, in view of tl,cm,'thoughtful men
may ask themselves whether it is the pint
of-wisdom to be making the futile attempt
to eradicate frOin the hearts of the South
ern people what has come to be a part of
their very nature, as tiie General Griffins
in the army and in civil stations are doing.
Such attempts serve to drive in rather
than drive out the objectionable senti
ment, and to perpetuate a feud that will
make ns forever two peoples. The South
fought fora theory or government. We
did nothing more. ‘ They'wore beaten—we
triumphed. They stand “convinced against
their will,” and ail the laws that can be
devised by the ingenuity of man can exact
nothing more from them than the submis
sion they now yield. Kindness, concilia
tion, and respect for their manhood can
alone change the Southern heart and ifirect
its affection towards a union which,now
has only the assent of jts cold judgment
based upon the circumstance of necessity.
Duei. at West I’oint, Ga.—We learn
that an affair of Honor came off at West
Point, Ga., early on Saturday morning
last, between a Major Bakor, of Lowndes
county, and a Mr. Austell, of Mobile, in
w liich the former was seriously if not
mortally wounded in the side. The latter
was unhurt; but wo arc informed that the
second of Mr. Anstell was Struck in the
thigh, by a shot from Major Baker,
whose aihl was deranged while in the aet
cf falling. The weapons used were small
pistols at five paces. We have been unable
to learn the cause of tho meeting. The
parties wore brought to this city by-the
freight train Saturday night, 'anil Major
Baker is now at the Exchange - Hotel, re
ceiving all necessary .medical attention.
Tho whole affair was kept a profound
’secret, and is still shrouded iu mystery.
—Montgomery Mail.
We had hoped that four years of bloody
war would haye furnished ample oppor
tunity to all our people to try their hands
at blood-letting, and that the most beliger
eut Southern blood could have satisfied his
thirst for glory in the tented field. Has
there not been enough of blood spilt yet?
Is there a single man in th- whole South
who was, by force of circumstances, kept
out of the army, who can at this late day
prove his claim to courage by a resort to
the Ihiello ?
We know nothing of the antecedents of
either of the parties in tho above bloody
drama, but we do know that tho mortally
wounding of one and the serious injury of
another will not add to the respect or
esteem in which they were held before this,
resort to arms.
Radical'Monet Coming Smir I :!.—'Tffl?
New York Post, in commenting upon the
politics of Tennessee, says:
Tennessee is far away from ns. Our
people are not familiar with nil Ihe details
of the struggle for political ascendancy
which has been going on there. But it is
necessary that wo should take a lively
interest in it. Money is needed there, for
the support of the loyal press, which are
vigorously and ably conducted pour ablest
and most effective public speakers should
go down there to address the people;
northern journals and documents should
be sent down there to all who will read ;
in short, it is the duty, as it is the interest,
of the Republican party to make Ten
nessee, during, this winter, spring and
summer, the intellectual battle-ground on
which, with voice and pen, we may assert
and maintain the ideas which must pre
vail over the greatest part of this country
before we can have a real peace, and which
are tlioro the direct issues in the political
canvass. In Tennessee we have an op
portunity to assert republican principles
before the Southern people by our ablest
speakers and writers. We trust the ener
gies of the Republican organization will
be turned in that direct ion, and that be
tween now and next August the State will
be as thoroughly canvassed by Northern
men as any one of the Northern States was
during the last.summer and fall.
—«tasa 43»«i>—
Manufacture of Silk in California.
—California is taking a leading position in
the manufacture of siik. A correspondent
of the New York Times states the result of
the efforts to produce a superior article of
silk dress goods:
In a former letter I mentioned that we
were about to inaugurate the manufactory
of silk goods. In a window on Mont
gomery street the first efforts of the enter
prise arc exhibited, being' half a dozen
pieces of black dress silk, a yard wide, and
pronounced by competent judges equal to
any imported article ever offered here. It
is firm, heavy, and shows a splendid lustre,
and in quality is unexceptionable. The com
pany are preparing to go into the manufac
ture of dress goods on a large scale, and
hereafter the ladies of California will be
wearing borne manufactures instead of the
imported article. The climate is particu
larly adapted to the raising of the silk-worm
and the mulberry, and -there is no reason
why the enterprise should not be a perfect
success.
Cruelty to Animals.—We have no
societies in our community organized with
the benevolent intent of suppressing cruelty
to animals. In our semi-civilized condi
tion—which Mrs. Trollope, we believe,
characterized as Larberous, alleging hos
pitality as the badge—animals are at the
mercy of tho instincts and interests of
those who own or control them. It is only
at those advanced points of civilization,
such as Boston and New York, that such
organizations arc called for by society, and
are sustained. In the absence of such an
organization, we invoke the aid of the be
nevolents of the North. On Saturday
evening last we were shocked to see, car
ried prostrate on a dray, a turtle—a sea
turtle—a sea turtle weighing several hun
dred pounds, his feet and lianas cruelly
slit, and bound each to the other by Pal
metto withs, and, the patient animal turned
upon his back, so .a3 to expose his
most sensitive parts to tue sun and
weather. We were shocked to learn that
such had been the condition of the animal
for six consecutive days. That ithad been
brought from Cuba by a Yankee vessel,
commanded by a Yankee captain,consigned
to Yankees and delivered by Yankees to a
cold-hearted, phlegmatic German who pro
posed to cut his throat. As to the feeling
andsusceptibility for suffering possessed 'ey
Turtles, we have the very high authority of
that eminent naturalist, Professor Agassiz,
of Boston. Will not the authorities of
New York or Boston move in this matter?
Will they not urge upon Congress the
pressing necessity for an. act regulating
the manner in which Turtles shail be im
ported? Will not Wendell Philips or But
ler or some other philanthropist take this
manner in hand and redeem the country
from disgrace?
Interesting Decision.—The Supreme
Court of tho State of Virginia has decided
“that a wife's clothes do not belong to her,
but are the property of the husband.
A Virginia paper, commenting upon this
case, says:
“By this decision a great many husbands
are better off than they supposed, for in
not a few instances, the wife’s clothing
constitute the balk of the estate.”
-Cc
Great, stalwart, lusty negro men may
be seen loafing arour.i the streets of
Houston, half naked, while, if they would
go into the country, they would get plenty
of work and good pay.
! Correcting History.
1 A mate? in theTLekmoud 'Ehtpiirer, in
I noticing a statement recently made in the
Atifißtfc fmtdftgettctr, m an article giving
an L : music of a ride by John Randolph,
;of IR-moke, and Win. H. Crawford,, of
1 Georgia, to a, Christmas dinner, in which I
! tlm old aeeount of the* duel between !
Randolph and Claja and the cause which
led to that uhibrtfiuate difficulty* is given* I
* undertakes to-correct the latter part of the !
atSsoitat. which “say* that what led t,o the :
duel betwebu Mr. Randolph-and Mr. day *
was tho-charge by the former that the : :
election of Mu .Adams to the Presidency, 1
j through the treachery of M r - Cltiy, whs a
1 combination Between the puritan and the
j Week-leg."
' We believe that this 'Statement of the
, cause whidh produced that unhappy and
j unfortunate estrangement between
| distinguished statesmen and revered pa
j trisfs, is that which has received the sanc
j tion of the people of this country, and has
j passed in to the history of the times as the
; true vession of-the affair.
The-Ehqnirer's correspondent says that
shortly after tho duel Mr. J. H. Pleasants
gave, through the columns of the Rich
mond Whig, the true-version of
and Wrote put the offensive Words luteredpl
•13 alleged, m secret session, which uro-
MMplßm call TVoni 3lr. Clay upch Mr.'
Randolph.
x tie words used by Randolph, according
to -ti;-. Pleasant’s statement, are as follows ;
Ibis man—mankind, I cravo vowr
parilon—-this worm—little animals, forgive
tne insult—was spit out of the womb of
meanness, was raised to higher life than he
was born to—for he was raised to the
society of blackguards. Some fortune,
km.a to him, cruel to us, has tossed him to
the secretaryship o{ State. .
. “Cot.tempt lias the property of descend
ing, out she stop* far short "of him. She
lionet die before she could reach him. .Ho
dwells below her fall.
“X would hate him, if I did not despise
him. xt is not u-hal lie is, but where he is,
that puts my thoughts in action. That
alphabet which writes the names of
- hersil.es, ot Blackguard of iSatialidili/,
refuses her letters for him.
“That mind which thinks on what it
cannot express, can scarcely think of him.
An hyperbole for meanness would be an
ellipses for Clay.”
W c give this correction of the history of
the times ior what it is worth : though wo
believe that the old account is that which
will pass to posterity as tiie real and true
version of the cause of the collision.
Periodicals. —The *American Journal
of Medical Science for January, by Isaac
| Nays, M. D., $5. Contents: Observations
on Wounds of the Internal Jugular Vein;
Internal Aneurism; Trichmasis; Retro
gressive Motions in Birds produced
by the application of cold to- the Cen
real Spine; Detection and Measurement;
of Astigmatism; New Method of Employ
ing Heat as a Resuscitating-'Agent; Por
manganite of Potash in tho Treatment of
Carbuncle; Bromide of Potassium in Epi
lepsy ; Causes which render ,the Air, in
Surgical Wards, Impure; Case of Aphonia
Successfully Treated by the Extirpation of
Ia T’ibro-Epithelial Neoplasm from the
Vocal Cords; Gun-Shot Wound of tho
Scull; Transactions of Societies ; Reviews
—AmethcsU and the Growth and Structure
of Tissues, and on Life;' Bibliographical
Notices, and> Quarterly Summary of tho
Improvements and Discoveries in Medical
Science.
Blackwood's Magazine: January: Leon
ard, Scott & Cos., New York. Contents:
Our Naval Defences; Where aro we?
Nina Balatka, concluded ; Sir William
Parker, Admiral of tho Fieets; Cov
ington’:; Translation of JEneid; Corne
lius O’Dowd; The Campaign in Wes
-tern Germany ; Women and Children in
America ; Brownlow’s Part I, Who are
the Reformed, and what do they want.
American Educational Monthly, §1 50
per annum—J. W. Schemmcrhorn & Cos.,
'MAW ■ TEa«fc»» Coatente : Oceanic Pire*-
nomcna ; The Depths of the Ocean; Tho
Bed of the Ocean; John Boyd; Isometric
Drawing; How Children aro Badly
taught to Sing ; The. Master’s Holiday!;
Grammar Gone Mad ; Editorial; Eminent
Educators Deceased Doctors Doctored ;
Test of wise Legislation; A School Editorial.
Correspondence ; Inventions for Schools.
Phrenological Journal. February Num
ber. Contents.- The Beauty of the Prin
cess of Denmark and the Young Czara
witch, of Russia; .‘.Eminent American
Divines, including the Reverend Doctors
Stevens, Thomson, Durbin, McClintock,
Morris, Janes, Simpson, Whedon, Ames,
Fast, Elliott, and Ilavan ; also Hon. J. M.
Howard, Capt. E. B. Ward, and Jveri-Keri,
au Australian. Cannibal; “Your Like
ness,” by Rey. Dr. Weston ; Self-Govern
ment; Pope’s Essay on Man, etc., $2 a
year. Fowler *c Wells, 389 Broadway, New
York.
Credit. —“ My word is as good as my
bond,” was the favorite boast of Southern
ers before the war. The planter, relying
upon a fair estimate of his annual income,
which foresight, sagacity and assiduity
would ring from mother earth, would
say: “ I will pay you just so soon
as I bring tiie first load of cotton to mar
ket; my word is as good a3 my bond.”
The merchant, setting apart a day upon
which a surplus arising from collection of
his debentures, would say that there
shall be no failure; my word is as good as
my botjd ; that note shall be met promptly.
From the highest to the lowest, punctu
ality in fulfilling engagements, and
promptness in complying with obligations
was the boast. Confidence was universally
diffused, and credit, her daughter, univer
sally entertained. But all this has been
changed. Beyond doubt much of the old
feeling remains, and even when credit is
refused, it is in an apologetic tone, full of
regret that tho times have changed; and
we, substantiating tho rule of Sallust,
have changed with them. It was under !
the influence of acurrent of thoughts simi* j
lar to these, that wc read, hanging upon !
the walls of an attachment to one of ]
our hotels, ; elept saloons, tho following 1
notification in verso, which wc know was S
the inspiration of that sentiment which tho
Journal of Commerce, in discussing the
Jerome Medal, decides tube the true test *
of a gentleman, to wit: a proper regard
for the feelings of others:
“ If you have no money,
A good jilan, I think,
Is to say so, gentlemen.
Before you call for a drink ;
For, it saves my Liquor, I
And keeps Gus from fussing,
Keeps Bob from totc-ing,
And keeps me from cussing.”
| Now it is very evident, from the quota
| tion, that the author and proprietor is a
| gentleman, and a kind-hearted gentleman.
' In the first place he desired to a void “cuss
ing,'’ a very ungentlemanlike practice,
; but which we infer, owing to some pecu
; liar idiosyncrasy of constitution, he is
! obliged to open a safety valve to relieve
his wounded feelings whenever a loss oc
curs, which involves both “Liquor” and
money. It is plain that he is conscious of
the fact that such conduct iil-becomes the
gentleman, and for this reason, as well as
i another, he wishes to avoid indulgence.
' Upon the same principle he is regardful of
: the welfare of others. “Bob” is evidently
i a pugnacious fellow, and “Crus” fusses and
; scolds like a shrew. To save both of these
from indulgence in maternal propensities,
to which they are biased by habit and
| disposition, lie prefers this appeal. The
whole notice manifests a good heart, for it
is phrased not dogmatically, but modestly
and without egotism, tts displayed in the
phrase “I think,” and with a proper regard
for economy and good morals.
From the Philadelphia Prat.
A Philadelphia Testimony as to South
ern Hospitality.
. The writer lias travelled both in the
•South and North, seeing the people of
both divisions in their homes and as they
rcailv are in all the relations of life. He
has known the poor white, the small
planter, and the aristocrat; known them
in their families and in business. He has ]
been in their remote mountain districts 1
and in their cities ; and lie can declare on
oath, if need be, that of all the meanness, j
and inhospiiality, and petty ungentlemanly ;
vice which Southern editors are so lavish
ascribing to Yankees, he has found a
hundred times as much. South of Mason
and Dixon’s line as in New England. As
n irds hosj itality—that true, unostenta
tious, unselfish hospitality of the gentle- .
man, as distinguished from that of the j
snob, he bsrdJy regards it as existing j
among the chivalry at all when compared ,
to the same among the Yankees.
Truth, * |
Philadelphia, Jan. 28,18(17, 1
Twenty Skaters browned—Particular
of the HisastcA
already telegrapliiq
accounts of the'disaster in Regent’s Park,
London, on the loth uik, by which
. twenty persons were (Irowned, ar.J now
take the following particulars %om tlfc
] Loudon Times of the 16th : ■
“On that part ot the Orpamental lYatA
| in the -Regent’s Park immediately oppo
l site Sussex terrace, several thousand per
| sops. Iffid been skating -during the ibreiio&n
| without any accident faking place, al
though the ice was looked upon by the
experienced ice-men on duty as*,very" un
esai'e. About half-past three o’clock iu the
afternoon the ice at the sides of the bank
became loosened, and was drawn front .the
edge. iVithic a minute the whole sheet
dfiec §ver the fall-;vidfh of thfe lake gave
way and split ; -ir.to iragtahtits ofl a low
yards square.
The . eohst<}rnati6ti and alarm of tho
skaters, .and other personaion the ice may
bo well imagined, apd; a- general rush was i
made for the banks. Unfortunately this -
broke .up the- soft .ice into Still smaller.l
pieces. Numb@fa of periUias'fell through '
tite crevices into the water, which is at
y least twelve feet (Jeep, and several ap
geared at on'ce to be sucked under the ice.
1 At least two hundred persons were-strug*'
| shag, in the yvater, and screaming for help.,
; A few, with great presence of mind, threw
wligmselves-flat upon the surface of the
.pieces ofiice, and.were thus not oply icste-a*
mental hi saving.
-inhe-water. huf.jiiiMttitil t
til assistance came to them. The screams !
of those struggling and sinking in the !
water, and the shouts of the people on the ;
banks, added to the horror of the scene.
The ieeuicn did all that it was possible j
to do under the circumstances, anu three of
them narrowly escaped from drowning, j
Several of the park-keepers and spectators |
rendered all possible aid, and .more thin
one hundred persons, within a few minutes
of the accident, were got' on shore, tiie
great number of whom were so much ex
hausted that they had to be taken to, the
Humane Society's tent and placed under
medical treatment. While this was going
on several persons who were in tho water
in the middle of the lake, and whom it
was impossible for the ieOmcn to reach,
the ladders and boats being rendered al
most useless, owing to the state of the ice,
were seen to sink back exhausted, evidently
benumbed with cold, alter vainly on- |
delivering to support themselves by clutch- {
ing at the rotton ice, which crumbled away 1
in their grasp.
What made the scene the more dreadful
was that the female relatives of many of i
thoso who fell into the water saw their |
struggles from the bank without tiie possi- 1
bility of saving them. One lady saw her
husband sink and lose his life, while two j
sisters were sending forth piercing -screams'
and calling on the people to save their
brother. lie was drowned, and the two
ladies were taken away in tho most pitiable
state, and sent to their hdme in a cab.
As soon as the ice was cleared a body of
icemen and laborers, with great difficulty'
got out the boats to that portion of the
water where it was known several persons
had sunk. Before dusk seven bodies had
been recovered, but it wks known that
there were many more under the ice.
These will not_ be dragged for until this
morning, as it is quite certain life must be
extinct. It is the opinion of the icemen
who witnessed the accident that there tire
at least twenty persons drowned. All the
bodies when recovered bad skates upon
their feet.
Many instances of individual gallantry
took place. One man, at the most immi
nent risk, plunged in and brought several
children safely out. A gentleman who broke
through near the southwestern shore, fell
.so that his.head and chest rested on a large
block of ice, while his feet tvere in the
water. There he lay smoking his pipe for
a long time while the boats were further
out picking up as fast as possible those
in a worse position, lie began, however,
to realize his position, and, removing his
pipe from his mouth, he ca'led out: “ £SO
to any one who will fetch me out!” Sev
eral abortive attempts were made to reach
him with ropes, poles and ladders. A
man with the aid of a ladder reached a
small piece of sound iec, and endeavored to
throw a rope to him, but it fell short. He
riheu mtm-afMwo’tm’fdi'ThS Tadfe bn to'a
piece of ice further out, apd standing on |
the former lie again threw the rope. * In :
doing so he fell, and in clinging to the j
ladder he hurt himself and was drawn |
ashore. A gentleman then got into an j
escape fitted up with barrels at the end. [
When pushed out. as far as possible he got
into the water and endeavored to push the
escape along, but lie did not succeed.
Eventually a man stripped to bis shirt and
trousers, and a rope having been fixed to
his waist, lie desperately fought his way
through the ice, and seizing tho skater
round the body, they wore both dragged
to the land amid tremendous cheers.
A young man stood on a solitary piece
of ice in the centre of the lake for an hour
and a half, and was at last fetched off by a
man who reached him In a boat. Ail this
time the excitement was kept up by the
frequent sinking of thosq who bad lost all
power to support themselves.
Medical Education in Ohio.
Dr. McDermott, Surgeon General of Ohio,
says:
Nono but graduates of regular medical
schools were admitted t-oexamination, and
yet over eighty per cent, of those were re
jected for incompetence. The ignorance
betrayed by many of the candidates was
deplorable, proving that the diploma of a
medical college has ceased to boos any
value as evidences of capacity.
If it was the duty of Um" State, ns all
concede, to provide competent physicians
for the soldiers, it is no less the duty to
make similar provision for the citizens ;
and yet those rejected candidates, with
hundreds of others equally incompetent,
are now scattered over the State, pursuing
their fatal trade with criminal recklessness.
—Dayton Journal.
Dr. McDermott deserves thanks for his
brief exposition of what intelligent men
have long observed—that ipedical educa
tion is fearfully neglected. Os course,
there is another side to this. The well
educated practicing physicians were net
among those examined, and make a large
class. No one supposes that the medical
profession has not many men of skill,
science and high character. But there is
no profession which. has within it so large
a proportion of unintelligent, unthinking,
uneducated members. How happens this?
Simply because the standards of medical
education, the medical colleges, give men
diplomas for,a minimum of medical knowl
edge and no knowledge of anything else.
They go into tho community with that
diploma to try experiments of all sorts on
the bodies and minds of their fellow-eiti
zens, with no judge, as with lawyers, to
decide cases ; no Presbyteries or Bishops,
like the clergy, to determine their merits;
and not even a chamber of commerce, like
the merchants, to settle character. They
go out, with lancet and pill box, with calo
mel and quinine, to deal with the patient
community. Few e.-cape so well as one
who, being ordered to take pills, left the
box untouched on the mantcl-piece. The
Doctor came in tho morning.
Quoth the Doctor—“My medicine did
good”
“It did no harm, for .yonder ithath stood.”
It is absurd to suppose that young men,
without any preliminary education,-can be
; fitted for the medical profession by-hearing
four lectures a day for six months, with a
few evenings in an aiijtomical room. The
result is very injurious to the profession
; itself; for if the people must employ doc
. tors hap-hazard, without a'ny peculiar
learning, most of them will be as likely
to employ the disciple of Haneman, sir nil is
similibus; or, the Botanic with number
six ; or the Hydropathist with ten gallons
j of extra water; or the Galvanist with four
j metal rings, as the doctor of the regular
1 profession.
Dr. McDermott further says, that forty
! five per cent, of all insanity ; and fifty-five
1 per cent, of all idiocy proceed from drunk
: enness. He is entirely on the safe side,
j Now, let us add another fact. Three
j fourths of ail the crimes in the State pro
| ceed from drunkenness; and nearly all'the
’ crimes of violence. hat a beautiful com-
I mentary on our state of society. Now
1 supposed the learned doctors were to carry
their inquiries a little farther, and ask how
many wives are weeping over their intem
perate husbands? how many divorces have
been granted for drunkenness? how many
children inherit tainted constitutions troni
drunken parents ? how many paupers are
in the infirmary arid the hospital ? and
how many millions of dollars- are taxed
upon the industrious community for their
support, all caused by drunkenness ? But,
are we not a tree people ? Who dare res
trict a man from unlimited whiskey?
"Glorious country !” said Pat when he ar
rived. at Pittsburg, '.'where a man can get
drunk tor sax pinee! ’ ’ — Oin. Gazette.
W arts on Horses. —In reply to an in
quiry how a wart can be removed from a
horse, the Irish Farmer’s Gazette says:
‘ Keep it constantly dressed in ArehaDgie
tar.”
It Ls reported that .Mr. Bell, an Ameri
can engaged in laying torpedoes to blow
up Brazilian war vessels in Paraguay, has
been blown up by one of his own torpedoes,
JVEW SEE IBS VOL. KXVI. NO. 7.
..
(commu-YR-axud. 1 ~
Plus straw as a Mah®*.
* th&Ta I
ty AgricufUin,!' QuT" v;!,^ nd ' Loua -‘ 1
fertilizer was dWa h i ? H , SR j
1 ij'om a friend
decided that n WasMdt ably vrfotefef but
ta-tho-siM and
this opinion -was mMttiaimg, aiW J,th-
I" mid*SmS,-
L>, . Now, Messrs. Editors, ndriumfo* !
• such opinions surprises foe*- b-t r ,“i
w ;: •'
.uytmous to However, let me
telltue Ciuiyl have this consolation—l
naye done pretty well until the.breaking
j »r» o* the -w- r. A horse, a saddle and
j bridle and are hundred dollars was my
! 1 bought a small tract of -phi'e
j land, which 1 chose because it was eov
i wnlymtti straw, and had good
I inr « c I'm;’ trees on It. With the help of
: Futa U“ ( -' IwVoin on it,
g< * % a curt and a cow. I
ban, mad pen .or >«y horse and cow and
•theforii U i n 11 ’a 10 sri-awy-lmdcovered
thmff tip stable yard or thirty fbet square
wfcb* pine straw nisa. I mauled rails
-enough fbr a neighbor to buy two mbws,:
a iiou i) mi a pitch-fork, t jJso £ct %wdit
•' corn and fodder and Seme;
a- I v.:i3 iri wtmfa.. I *ii n.i.jl W
awes n cotte«n
t corn - 51y corn did very well. 1 Vot about
i twelve liundred pounds of seed cotton for
i cott " n crop. During that fall I plowed
• a furrow between the old cotton rows,
• a , llu “ au -mg out ail ol the pine straw from
the horso pen, and as much more of the
b est_ rotten that I could get in the woods
—filied this furrow and made my cotton
nods hy sp.irting the old cotton rows and
throwing the dut upon-it.. That year I
maue tlir.ee bags ol cotton. That- year
j * bought a negro hoy —paying part easli—
! ana I planted more cotton and sweet
| Potatoes—manuring the land exactly iti
tne same way, and so, Mr. Editor, I have
continued to (Jo ior thirty-three years
Every year, at wet times, ih the fall of the
y ear, .. run a deep furrow in the land that
4 shall plant m cotton, and fill it as full ns
l _ can with pine straw gathered in
t.ns .way, and make my cotton beds iu j
the spring upon it. I know that very few !
or my neighbors beat me in sweet potatoes, 1
etther m size or quality generally have i
plenty cr corn and good cotton, for pine j
land, in]SCO I made sixty-four bales of 1
cotton with nineteen hands; last year I
made twtnty-nitie bags with eleven'hands,
dry as 1 it was. I have consulted old Jeff— I
the irrst negro I ever bought, who is still i
with me—and he exj:resses his opinion 1
thus: "I tell you what, Old Mars Bob,
always keep to that way which you haYc j
uonc v, eii at. I tell you, pine straw suite '
cmr land, anyhow.” And so 1 think. But.
what, has Dr. Berckman got against pine
straw ? I understand much about
chemical affinities;” but, it the Doctor
will, just -publish what he has got to ,»ty
against pine straw in such a in tinner as we,
the unlearned, can understand, I should
iike to read it in the Chronicle.
Dink “Ridge,” S. C.
A Nice Affair at the Louisville Hotel-
Oar Railroad Enterprises.
Louisville and*Cincinnati have battled
I for some tiu>e for the trade,of the South.
Tho lines of railroad between the West
raid South are so circuitous, and the
freights tire so enormously high, compared
to the original cost of the article transport
ed, that men of capital North and South
I have determined to have a shorter connec- j
tion with. Louisville than that now enjoyed,
anil thus insure to the people of the South ■
the necessities of life so much demanded,
in this the.time ot their need, at much I
lower rates than those now paid.
Wc were glad to learn yesterday that
capitalists irom Canada and .Kugland, rep- I
resented by Mr. A. McDonald and Mr. i
Will. 11. "Wilson, had arrived in the city, !
and intended to bid for twenty-live miles !
ot the work, from Knoxville iu the direc
tion of the Kentucky line.
Tne time for receiving bids irom parties 1
wishing to contract was set for February j
lst - vesterdayAde- j
■grapnaa to ivnoxvdle to colonel "erry. I
chief engineer of the road leading from 1
Ivnoxvilie, and received the following
answer :
Knoxville, January 29, 1867.
A. McDonald, Louisville, Ky,:
WA postpone letting of contracts.
U hen will you lie here ?
Adrian I’ehry, Engineer.
To-day, the party whose visit to our city
and State wc tiust v .;11 prove beneficial to
us and to them, tendered to the press of
the city a dinner at the Louisville Hotel.
Mr. Ph tnticc, of the Journal, who has
ever labored for. the good, of tiie Com
monwealth, and whose efforts in aiding
enterprises of this character have con
tributed Jargely to the" advancement of the.
best interests of our people, was present on
the occasion.
The encouragements given the party by
the citizens cf Louisville was spoken of
repeatedly at the table, and each member
of the company felt,, from the kind and !
.complimentary expressions of those pres- j
ent, that the good will ol’ our. citizens I
went with them.
We shall not wait until October, 1869, j
for our short through Southern, connection,
ii these,gentlemen take the matter in hand, j
Y e hope they will succeed. —Louisville \
Journal.
The Atlantic and Gulf Road Ex
tension.—lt istiuk gratifying to learn
that the speedy buiming of the contem
plated extension of the Atlantic and Gulf
Road from ThojuasviUe to Bainbridge may
now be regarded as a fixed fact.' The
views presented a short time since by Col,
Screven to a public meeting in Bainbridge,
on the completion of this work, is meeting,
as we have been informed, with a hearty
response from all the business men and
property-holders of the large and wealthy
county of Decatur, and it is confidently
expected that the required sum of $150,-
000 will be raised in due time. If, how
ever, they should.fail to raise the entire
amount, tlje pep pie of this city, regarding
the speedy completion of the enterprise of
vital importance to-their commercial in
terests, wiUfiiel themselves called upon to
lend their aid, and thus constitute them
selves one i th ispc ial guardians of this
great project, by whiqh.they will be placed
in dany communication with that magnifi
cent country, unsurpassed for productive
ness, lying on the. waters of the Flint arid
Chattahoochee rivers. —fiacannah News.
Railroad to Tampa.— We are pleased
to see it stated in our local exchanges that
there arc some initiatory steps taken to
secure the building of a railroad from
Waldo, on the line of the Tiorida Railroad,
via Ocala, to Tampa. Governor Walker
has been in correspondence with the pro
prietors of the Florida Railroad, and has
received assurances from them that they
woulu place a large force on the route, as
soon as the work on the main line shall
have been completed. _ Wo learn that the
road from U ~ko to within a few miles of
Ocala is already graded, and will require
.
is an importenterprise, and will do
touch fur development of Southern
I-Frida. Wc hope to Hu it accomplished
at an early day. —JicJcson dile ( Fla. j Dnion
Visa Ark in M.-.r0.v.-A disas
trous ere o:: .tr; rt ibis b'-umlgy) morning,
between! mr aim five o'ei-.»ck. Itwasdis
coverec. in the store of h ■ srs. .Stevenson
X Diney, on Lotion .-.venue, an 1 ere the
engines could begot to work it was wrapped
in names.
It then extended to the buildings on
both sides, and at the time we go to press
the following buildings have been consumed
or are burning:
The one story building < - -ipied by Ste
venson & Laney, and belon;. ~g, we believe.
toM .A. Huff—S. &L. insured for $10,000;
the two buildings to the right, on tii s -Vvi nue
occupied "by J. &A. Cherry, and ■
by Dr. Smith: that on the corner of the
Avenue and Cherry streets, out ape-:; f
Jones, Baxter & Du y, and owned in Eu
rope, we are told.
By the explosion of a small keg ot pow
der, our friends, Henry King, W aggeustem
and Herzog were slightly injured.
The early hour at which wo go to press 1
prevents us giving particulars, but which
we will endeavor to do in our next.—Ma
con Telegraph.
Boston is announced as returning to I
primitive customs, an innovation having
been made upon the rules of fashionable j
life by. issuing . invitations to a stylish I
party, in which it is announced that the
entertainment begins at three arid ends at
eight in the evening. The -od sense of
this proceeding cannot be too highly:
praised. fc
A dozen Parisian gourmets, among
whom is Alexander Dumas, have formed
themselves into an association, for the ; -r
pose of sitting down together, once a wee'- *
to the most perfect dinner that the present 1
state of the culinary art allows of. lVh
member pays forty francs for Id., dinner
and takes his time in getting up the hilt I
fare and making the preparations, 1v " j
: *' J.CQMSIUSIGATJD.j
Ya,, Jan. SI, ffe.7.
Crc/uxal .1. Ji. TTn’/J/t. Augusta, (if Ijy/utl
Dear sir:' Nqt’cmg in your intpei'a
day or two since, a list of the 'names of
the Georgia students at Washington CdT-
Jege, we inclose yon a list containing th<y
naines of tlio. Georgians at the University
;°f ''irginm, thinking, perhaps, it may bo
•0* interest so the renders of your paper :
James Latljrop, ShvannfcflpGa.
R. Id organ, “ “
T. R. Mills* Jr.. ‘ T
K Wylie, v.
-S. VY. A. Rranily, 'Macon, “
—— G Ash am, ‘c
—e- (Waybill. “ “
■ ■—— .Scbqpcjd, , “ “
} 0. J. Ti;f}-dwav, .Columbus;,“
and. U. Walker, . - “
Wm. C. Maupin, Rome, ,l
* ifiibb,
—-w Jenkins, Eafonton, < “
U. IX ATfrmnd, Sparta, “
W. ft. JohnsOn, “
JYtr.. 11. flieitne*, “ *•
W >», Mims, .Boviven co. “
R.K Cimniiigham, Augusta, “
Wm. R. Crngor, Albany, .
f Fort. Valley “
I'. Biizsiitfmonp, Bath* Richmond co.,
fc*!orgi;i. ....
jl y* “• Ertksuntuene, Bath, Rusinaand-cav
(jreoreiA.
!“ a ii?’ Columbia, co., Georgia.
% , -*■■;• BsWle, Washington co., Georgia.
1 t» «£*.■>■ co,. Georgia.
<£?* “• eo..
! mtY7 ;> ’ nn > 'VSsnftsa>iTe6., Georgia.
| *V J; Boc.se, Washington eo., Georgia.
I *•■*• -*’• Bane, Washington co.. Georgia.
Respectfully, C 1! 8
m.'r'h.’
\l'he Imrodiictioii of Emigrant laDorers.
Savannah, Ga., Jan. 31st, ISG7.
Messrs. Editors Mews Herald:
Hear Sirs—The numerous inquiries as to
the terms and mode of getting emigrant
laborers out here, Ate., creates a necessity
ior iny troubling you with another publi
cation m your valuable and obligiim
journal.
hirst, I wish a description of the kind of
lanuhes that would suit the occupation or
labor to be followed.
, A . 01 three dollars per head for
laborers is to be paid to tbe cmieration
com;;,any when they are placed on board ot
a steamer lor Savannah, and the passage
money to ship either in Now York or on
then arrival iii Savannah, as per arrange
ments—.nut yet made.
The at the regular steerage
rate H Si- to sl3, but I hope and think
inat let; agents and owners of steamers
wnl ao as some of Air railroad companies
nave done, adopt a very low tare (or rate),
so as to facilitate and encourage this mat
s' 1 '- it parties ordering immigrants will
■be here or have their agents to receive and
take charge of them, I will make no charge ;
it I receive and forward them, 1 shall
charge only a 'moderate sum lor the labor
.above the actual expenses.
1 The. information at present which I
have is, that they can bo had at short
notice. I will post,myself more fully and
particularly, and then, with your consent
i wm lay the matter more fully and defi
nitely before your readers.
lour publication of this will very much
cmige me. lours, very respectfully.
TANARUS) „ rp G. W. Gaia [any.
'- -—to other journals, favorable to
the enterprise', who will also publish the
above, will be much obliged.
j Some Facts and Snggesilons Concerning
immigration.
As the question of immigration is now
[.engaging the earnest attention of the
fetate, as being, of great importance to
every branch oi industry, we givo the fol*
lowing table, showing the number of arri
vals in New York for the last twelve
months, according to nationalities:
Germany 100 710; Wales )o
Ireland OS^Of7-Spain
England...*..., oU,].‘-t West .Indies. *'•«<;
Scotland 4 ,<)7!;! Pei and \ i j:» }
Sweden 3,-W Bblgjnm .‘157
Switzerland.... 3,(jSo 81 urh America l.Vj
lVA l , T . ,Oc N- 'in 16 Uussia ~...154
lioU.md l..,uij Ag to trom allotli
These passengers were brought in 750
vessels, 34‘J being sailing vessels, and 40L
steamships. The immigration at the same
port in
1847wa5...: 129,002! 1888..'! 7s wo
! ISIS 189,176 1859 " 79323
! 1851 289,001 ISO;- 7(;':ivti
| 1852 300,992 l-SOS J 56*844
: 319,223 1865. 196,347
j 1857.: 183)773) '
i One principal feature in the emigration.
: or the Irish via Liverpool is . that large
j numbers have sailed for .the Southern
j States of America and to the west coast of
| South America._ It. will also bo seen that
the. arrival of immigrants at New iork
during the year 1866 was greater than
ever before, except in the years 1860 to
1854, during the great Irish exodus, when
great numbers fled to tlic United States to
escape the horrors offamine. One thing
particularly important to be noticed is that
by the levying of a tax on the immigrants,
which is charged in the passage money,
and .paid into the Treasury oi tin: Com
missioners of Immigration (an organization
established by State law) institutions are
maintained where sick an 1 indigent im
migrants are supported, and thus this class
are protected and sheltered during any
time within five years after they land, and
the date is saved from all expense.in
maintaining. them, and thus both State
and immigrants are benefitted, a fact well
worthy (lie notice of the Legislature of tlie
State oi Virginia. The Commissioners of
Immigration, by their vigilant care, protect
the immigrants from an infamous class of ■
sharpers, known as immigrant runners,
against whom the immigrant law was
originally devised. . It is also worthy the
notice of our Legislatures that every im
migrant landing in New York, and then
coming here, leaves the tax which ho has
paid (in the form we have described) be
hind him, and When he comes here, lie
becomes discouraged at finding no provi
sion made for him. The whole immigrant
law. Oi New York is so trained, and the
institutions under it are so perfect, that
every possible care is taken of the iin
migrant, every information given him
letters are writert for him, • and
in his. journeying* he is guided by the
far-seeing eye of the Commissioner.— lUTk
monel Whig. »
Men and Monkey*.
In his twelfth and last lecture on Brazil,
i delivered 111 Boston, Professor Agassiz de
j voted the closing portion of the subject to
the monkey tabes, and a defence to the
Professor s theory that the different races
of. men have different origins. This he
suiu was an awkward subject, undone
which he dreaded to discuss, though it
was relieved from some of the embarra«s
ment which surrounded it while slavery
existed, when the assertion of the inferior
lty of the negro was regarded as a defence
|°* the system of slavery. The "discussion
was aiso unpleasant because it involved a
! dmsent from the doctrine of common origin
: which the Christian world has so long held
j sacred. Yet he felt bound to express his
j conviction on this subject. While regard
j the monkey tribes as the highest ot the
: quadrupedal mammalia, and as next toman,
i he ought not to sanction the doctrine of
j thpfinal transformation of monkeys into men
and was not inclined to admit that weare Lie
j descendants of the highest monkeys. In
! this connection the lecturer remarked in an
I interesting manner upon the characteristics
jof the monkey, the op rang on tang, the
| cbipanzee and the gorilla, marking them
; as families distinct from man, though in
many points having affinity, ydfc having
different parentage. Considering the re
gion from whence these monkey tribes
derived their origin, it must be concluded
that if they were- allied to any of-the races
oilmen, it was to the Mongolian and the
negro., and not to the white; but a critical
i ,^Ti matlon p°; - te v, ’ 0 7‘ d warrant
i shf h . e Ul :. ory 01 transmutation, or the doc
.tnne . tout men have a emmon origin.
The fact.that the progeny of a combination
i inuividuaJs ot two races never resemble
oncer ttm other parent warranted the
inference that the different races bear to
one another toe same relation as different
th-Ta?l h.™ lm iH' bear to each othe ‘b and
fV 1 nave a different origin. Perhaps
dltekSn nt DatlOnalitieS also ha '.o
uifcs lLc lecturc I. ?aid that
f )-’ a common origin 'could be
co ’)'C' = ‘usteneal.y wo must accept the
conclusions deduced from the investiga
~vl naturalr-ts. If we could trace a.
P an Ot variations and succession through
7, aves, instead of regarding diversify as
tncresult of accident, wc should see the
p'.iueneooi a thinking mind in the whole
creation, and recognize ourselves as the
children of God and not the children of
monkeys.
— .
The. South Carolinian says there isof
growing disposition among capitalists a
the North to loan money to the producers
of cotton, tor th.o purpose of enabling them
to carry ori the labors of their plantations.