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system bv tliosoTortnidabio rivals,
ness ami Dundee. Tlwy ^ilH
ei T ' cotton any UrjM
“ the lion in the oh*,’
frtduret ever Will I* '
’omi foreign m»nu-
1 h I mo in iliu parti”
lu those whose prosperity depends on the
protecting system. We knots that ibe
m a no factor'' of cotton bagging is a- simple-
piocess, requiting hardly any sit'll or cap
ital, and ye*, thu. groat Stale of Kentucky
dpoo: got along with it, ilf consequence of
tltoforniicl .Lie rivalship of uto miserable
Scotch towns, the mbebitatits-of which are
said to be so poor and destitute, that they
arc obliged reimport their fuel, find send to
Dautzic, twelve'iiuodred'lnilet up the Bal
tic, for their hemp, paying u freight equal
to the first cost, it is perfectly clear,
therefore, that Kentucky has not realised
tile promised bio,sings of this protecting
system', ttnd, f ant luld,lhat this is substan
tially true of the whole west. But, Sir,
if the west has gained nothing by the sys
tem, she has hud liar share of the tuxes
which it imposes—she has paid her pro
portion of dtttios,to the government, mid
bounties to the irfanufaeturtTs; and, in con
sequence of the dire calnmitius which the
-system has itillictud on the south—blast-
-aug our commerce and Withering our pros
perity—she west has very nearly been do-
prived-of tier -best -customer. When the
policy of "J4 went into operation, the
south was supplied from tim-west, through
a single avenue, (the Saluda - Mountain
Gap.) with.live stock, horses, cattle, and
hugs, to the amount of considerably up
wards of a million of dollars try ear, Un
der the pressure of the system; this tri.de
has regularly beau diminishing. It has
already fallen off Utoro than otto half, and
from an authentic return, now before mo,
it appears that it has been further (llntiti-
jslteil near one hundred iititl fifty thousand
dollars during the last year. So much for
the rich blessing liestowod upon tlio west
by the pro'tiding system
We come no”* to the Sooth. If uny
-portion of the rich fruits of this system
-itavo been scutirrod there, limy Itavo not
fullctt undor -my obsorvatiai). Sir, we
.know them out—we see them not—wo
feel ibum not. It may he supported, how-
over, (hat we ate too lull of prejudice, or
4oo ungrateful, to acknowledge the bless
ings it has bestowed iipuu us. Sir, wo
have heard of men having honor ifntist
upon them, and perhaps (here may bo.such
a thing at having benefits thrust upon an
unwilling people: yet ( should think, llmt
oven in such a case, they w»nM soon be
come reconciled to thoirlot, and submit
to their fine with it good grace. But, I us
sure the gectlcin m, that lint- condition of
'the smith is not mproly otic' of tinoXunt- j
pled depression, hut of great and ull-per-
vadi ig distress. In uty own Stale, the
unhappy change which hits within a few
years puit taken place iu the public pros
perity, is of the most appalling character.
If we look at the preseut condition of out
cities, (and I will take Charleston by way
of example,) we fiud every whore the
mournful evidence of premutuie decay.
Sir, ilia crumbling memorials of our for
mer wealth anti happiness, too eloquent
ly teach us, that, without son.o change in
your policy, the days of our prosperity
ure itumbdfod.” Sir, it is within my
own experience, that,'in the devoted city
in which my lot has been cast, a thriving
foreign commerce was, within a few years
past, carried on direct to Europe. Wo
tiud native merchants, with largo capitals,
' engaged in the foreign trade. We Imd
thirty Or forty khipa, many of thorn built,
and all owned in Charleston, -and giving
employment’^ a numerous and valuable
body of mechanics and tradesmen. Look
at tho state of things now ! Our mer
chants bankrupt or driven away—their
capital sunk or-transferred to other pur
suits—our ship-yards broken up—out
ships all sold!—yes, Sir, I urn told :tin
vory last of thetii was, a fow months ago,
brought to the bummer—our mnchimica
in despair; the very grass growing hi our
sweats; our housesitilling into ruin; reul
cstnto reduced to one third part of jut val
ue, and rents almost to nothing. The
cupmorco, which we are still permitted
to enjoy, diverted from its proper chan
nels-, carried on with borrowed capital,
imd through agents sent among us, and
maintained hv the tariff policy, bearing
off their profits to more favored lands,
eating out our substance, anti leaving to
our own people the miserable crumbs
which full from thq taldoof their prosper
ity. If wellv from the city to thu coun
try, what do we there behold'? 'Fields
abandoned ; die hospitable mansions of
our fathers deserted! agriculture droop
ing ; our slaves,- like their mtitiopi, work
ing Iwrdor, mid faring worse; the plan
ter striving, with unavailing efforts, to
avert die ruin which is before hint. It
has often been my lot, Sir, to see rfio'tjnce
thriving plainer reduced to despair; eurs-
ingiiis haul fate, gathering up the smalt
remnants of his broken fortune—and, with
his wifo and his little onov, tearing himself
from the scenes of his childhood, and the
bones of his ancestors, to seek, it. the \vi|.
dernnss, that reward for his industry, of
which your fatal policy has deprived hint.
Sir, when wt- took »t our tortile fields,
ami considcribe genial climate with which
Ood has blessed the South—when wi
coutemplato the tare felicity of our posi
thin, ns the producers of an article, which,
under a system of free trade, would com
mand the markets of the World—is it not
enough to till our hearts almost to burst-
;wa to find the richest blessings that an
tn iulgeui Providence over showered down
upon ilia hesds of any poopl
os Uv the cruel p.rl'ey of i
non'; to find tlie bounties
t bl.inod hv ihe hand of tnitn. Sir. I will
not natty that thou- are other causes be
sides thu tariff, which have contributed to
rb educe the uvils whlch-l hsve depicted.
.Trade can, to some extent, lie carried on
with greater facility at New York, and
Alabama'.; but,'tin
imi have broken tt
moro .profitably iu
advantages would
e commerce or de
pressed the agriculture of Sooth Carolina,
while mi unrestricted Miiert o'urjo with for
eign nations, enabled u* torealrte thn most
moderate profits! Men do not quit their
accustomed employments, or the homes of
their fathers, lor auy iilvill addition to
their profits. It is oqly. when. re.-tric'i<hi
has reached a point wnicli leaves the door
still open to one, white Ft closes it against
were imported from England instead of,
being Made iu New Hampshire, we should
find u-market for twelve thousand bales-of
odr cotton instead of three; so that in
stead ot gaining a market for three thou
sand bides of cotton, we have lost a mark
et of nine thousand. The home nrarkot
for our .colloB is not a new, or additional,
hut a substituted market. If the trfde
were, free* the goods manufactured iu (his
country would be imported from England,
ml paid for in oar cotton; bm in cutting
whom -we should, coin pur hearts, it i - not
in human pature that vie should u>bg con
tinue 19 retain for you uitdimiiiisiied affec
tion, wheu nll-hopb of redress shall have
passed away, and we shall continue to be
lieve that you are visiting us wi-l« a hard
and cruel oppression, and euCorciilg a cold,
heartless, and selfish policy.
(To be continued.)
From the Jooniat.
OEOROIA AND CAROLINA.
tlio other, : thnt this result is predated ; ] oftilie imports, you, of course, to the I It Is manor t)f no small regret that the
and, therefore it is, that n rapid transfei ! snnte eXtniit,dimirdslt olir exports. Now 1 wltolflouthern states cannot adopt sogne
■ suppose, to make this 'matter too plain for ” f stmul'anoouiland combined action
cifvtl or dispute, that we exported to (/real
oITr nfliheri ( Oue from which in ty (but not necefcarily
we bdiieve the VttneUl) flow, consequent of most scr.ous
has not yet arrived, when 1resorttto action I ‘"“"^'hei.ltermrtive, ofa state being called
By V actio" wbdo not mean the peaceful j upon m.ddr tins
»h« siW.^ayw,
the fa« ornullif.ca.ioo, exemplified most virtuous ahd most patriot.'- udy,tt»;
“n^mrsued. rela- and with the solemnity of tbo las. lodge-
meat: first settle thn cftitsittmioual ques
tion—And when this question is defer-
mlned, let her decide.whether the law slto
of capilal.anri population is now added to
llte other evils wills which the eld States
ah) afflicted.
Iu this condition-of the country where
is there to ha found a tuhilmciu of the
promises held out to the south in 1824?
YYo were then told that wo had mistaken
the true character of this system. W«
were entreated only to try it for a short
time. We wore told that the taxes im
posed on foreign articles would be but
temporary ; that the manufactures would
want protection but for ashorfYimc—oiilv
to give them a start—and that they would
soon he able to stand alone. Wo were to
Imvo had a double market for our cotton
—high prices, reviving rontn^erco, and
renewed prosperity. Sir* after the ex
perience oi four yeatS, tint tariff of *28
canto uo for consideration, by which tile
protecting system was lo be further ex
tended and enlarged. And what wits found
to Itavo beeu tlio result of fitur years’ ex
perience at tho South? Not a itepe ful
filled, not one promise performed—and
our condtiiiin infinitely worse than il had
been four years 'before. Sir, the whole
South rose tin as one man, and protested
against nny further experiment with this
futnl system. Tlio whole of the repre
sentatives of seven States, Virginia, Nin th
Carolina, South Carolina, Georgiu, Ala
bama, Mississippi, and Tennessee, (With,
I believe, hut three dissenting voices,) re
corded their voles against that bill. Sit,
do not gentlemen find in this fndj some
evidence of the dangerous character of
iliut legislation on which this.system is
bused. Can it be wise—ran it be just—
can it be prudent—to adopt and epfofce
a policy so pssruti dly sectional in its char
acter ? Can we hope for harmony, pesew,
a ml concord, while onfinclag a system
"gniitst which un -entire section of ynut
country so strongly revolts ?—It is the es
sential principle of-the representative sys
tem, that a mutual sympathy of feeling and
of Interest, should bind together the peo
ple and Iheir rulers ; amt it may .be wnr-
j thy of profound ri-fl 'Ctiott how far that
principle is essentially preserved by 11
schmno. of legislation, under Which the
feeling? and interests of so large a portion
qf tlio country arc outraged and trampled
on. When taxes are imposed, not by the
eprosCnfafiyes of those who are to hoar
the burthens, but of those who tiro to re
ceive the homily.
Now, Sir, let us torn our attention to
the North. And hero I cannot speak
from my own knowledge, hut I am lieu 10
confess, that if wo uio to credit jjiu ac
counts tvo lurVo hoard, the rich fruits of
the system liuvo been scattered in this
quarter with n profuse hand. We me.
told iliut nniiutfiiclm ing establishments
have sprung up every whore us if by en
chantment. Thriving towns and beauti
ful Tillages cover the Whole face of the
land. Millions of capital have been with
drawn Trmp other pursuits and invested in
mamifhctures. .Joint stock companies are
receiving enormous dividends; mid the
people, (at least in tbo neighborhood of
the establishments built up am! sustained
lly the system) are rejoicing in a prosper
ity unexampled in the history of tbo world.
But Sir, in the midst of this universal joy,
we hear Ot cnsinnally the voice of lamen
tation and complaint. There are those
north of the I’ot 11 mac, wise and experi
enced, and patriotic men, well arquaiuied
loo with the actual condition of- things,
Britain 0110 hundred thousand hides of
rollon, worth, (at thirty dollars a bale)
three Bullions of dollars, end that wo re
ceived in exchange three millions of dollars
worth ot British cotton goods. How much
of our cotlen would it take to manufacture
these goods? Why, just twenty-five thou
sand bales, while thn remaining seventy-
five thoutaud would be disposed of on the
m opposition to the Tariff. And it is par-
ticuiatly unfortunate that (#< oliita and
Georgia, do uot understand each other bet
ter, and harmonise more cordially in tlieir
resistance to Iheoppressiveexactionsoflhe
Eederai <ioveinment.—Why-should uot
these states, sisters by locution, by past toils,
past triumphs mid present sufferings, bo in
principle 0110 and indivisible? - There is
110 good reason for it. In truth, upon mu-
eoutinent. Bat suppose tho importation | "y u{ “?«, b rrea ‘ doctri,u ' s ol ,roe »«•«*«' 111
iff tltese'goods prohibited, in order tt.al s,i » u r 'S!*‘*r “ ,er0 '* no "ht'erial differ
t"' I MlVflVICUIIVWII
ty peopkl, tent from
of ottfltiwn gevern-
nties of ’Wkiivcil thus
they should ho made at hohie, what por-
libn of this, cotton would find u home
market? Only twenty-five tiieurami bales,
aiidjhe remaining seventy-five thousand
must he left tipon odr hands. Thus, it
wilf he semi, that the effect of substituting'
a home market in t^te pluco of a foreign
market for our cotloe, would be to de
prive ns entirely of it- market for tlrtee-
I'ourths of ottr jtroduciiohs. This result
is inevitable, unless tlio domestic tnunu-
faclorcr can enter into contpet'tlum witli
tho British in foreign mar/eris, an idea.tl-
togetlier too extruvngani lo he worthy if
serious notice ; for surely, if-any thing can
he considered certain, We may Sstely' a»-
stune licit nrlalcs which cannot be iihiiiu-
f.icturpil' at homd without a protcc.liiigduly
of from fifty to olio hundred' pr.-V cent,
cannot enter into competition with fnreigs
iil.initfiicHirtis in the markets of the world,
where they will, oY course, have no pro-
Miction whatever. But to return to the
condition of tlio trwrlli under the protect
ing policy. If the rich fiuits of tbo sys
tem in that quarter were grottier even titan
they are alleged to be, 2 should still think
that they have been purchased at too dear
a rate. It Inis even there depressed jtmr
commerce, disturbed all tbo relations ol
society, and had a tendency to produce
that inequality of fortunes, which may,
one day or other, bo fatal (0 the liberties
of ibis country.
■Servevine with the feelings of uu Auler-
idatt till.' ac.uiat cmnlitiou ot things, 1 should
chi ininly be disposed to exchange aH tho
blessings which tlm prtrtecting system has
produced, even in New Engl tnd, for those
which it ha* destroyed, in tint place of
the splendid villages, flourishing manufac
tories, joint-stock oqtn|v<iiies,mid lordly
proprietors, ciutiied in fine linen, and far
ing sumptuously every day, as a patriot, !
should bn disposed to say, givtt me back
the ship! which have been destroyed, the
met chant* which have heed reduced to
ha'nkruptcy, the sailors that have.beeu
forced into foreign service, tho “plumiflr-
ed ploughmen and beggared yeomanry"
who have been driven from the pursuits
of their choice into tho gloomy walls ot a
manufactory; give nut hack these , and
above all, give me hack content—rtestote
the peace and harmony which-tins system
lias destroyed, and I will consent that ev
ery manufacturing est-ddislimeiit 'shall he
fazed to its foundation, »liiclt Inis been
built up, aiul can only lie sustained, by this
accursed system. Sir, if weal'll were the
highest good of A nation, utul pecuniary
profit the only standard by which ;i wise
policy could lie measured, it would even
♦lieu be morn than questionable, huw far
cnee. These states have the same de
votion to the Union, the same contemptu
ous iiatied to usurped power, tho saute
rule of constitutional construction,and the
sumo d0termination, when submission is
no longer, compatible with honor or inter
est, to iouiie resistance a duly. IT Geor
gia were put upon milking out a bill of ex
ceptions to Carolina Politics, site would no
doubt lettdee to Iter the internal improve-1 least
frien
meat! — —_ . .
iii llte course this st.tte has pursued, tela
live to the process of tho supremo court
whose object was to bring to tlio bar'of
that tribunal, one of tho original sover
eign lltntoen; and then to revoke the
decision of our staio'cnuit, upon aqueiliqo
qf criminal law* arising under, oar own
salutary provisions. Iu that instance,the
state,'poising herself upon her original,
undeiegated,nnd unprohibited sovereignly,
declared llte law under which tho court
claimed jurisdiction, unconstitutional, in
structed her authorities to resist .any ami
all processes or mandates having for tills
object an interference in. her criminal ju
risdiction ; commanded tlio rigid enforce
ment of Iter judicial decrees, and in sad
and solemn dignity nu'ritcd the cohse-, _ .
qltonce, whether peaceable, or otherwjse. j - ho effect of Iter theory in its practical 10-
Tliis is Guorgiu Nullification. The same pstlh, will lie to tiiako. iltd bitlance of the
process is now in progress, in the case of j States .subject lo her will am. depend-
tlie missionaries. In tlio Case of Tasscis jrmt npon iter tnagmanimiry; It is 11 fun-
proposes 10 nullify, bo u palpable qpd
dangerous violittioit of tho constitution; it
„ E „„o C . „.... ,itbe“tbe only remaining enquiry il behoves
Iu that instance,the Iter to make, is, who'her it he expedient
to nullify litis palpably and dangerously
imcooslittNtonnl law. In tottling this last
question, she must calculate the value of
the Union. If site acts wisely she will
calculate its value. It need not, and it
cannot be‘concealed, that Nullification
may endanger the harmony, if not the in
tegrity of 1 ho Union. If the bcimtjfiil
theory iff Carolina, ho -true according to
iter version of it, no danger < nn ensue, and
llte Georgia l«w look effect upon its i damenlal *rrar in tlm! system, that oue
Wretched .victim.' Tile swelling flood of| state, by an iict of Nullification, can 10-
fedorul usurpation, rolled bark from our j erce n convention of llte states, and if this
shores, mid the slate st itnls justified, at i be erroi, all is error, tlio whole scheme
least in lltoconscqimuce iff idl such us are j must resolve itself into ait impracticable-
.. fi lends to starb Haiti*. ivVdo not advert j day dream. No error is so dltugeroos, as
- j to those things ia tlio spirit of yvreckiesy- j Hie honest orrnr ofgrent minds. Strip tl
d ' tiess mid boasting fur be such a spirit | Carolina creed of its splendid drapery at
e * from Georgia.' A11J iftlie preservation of 1 , ils brilliant robes, and it is but (lie hall
meet heresies of Mr. Calhoun, thu Batik
heresies of Mr. Me Du fie, and the nullifi
cation theory oi lier boh), magnanimous and
highly talented ilaiu.tiun. Shu would he
compelled to deny thin there is any war-
ant 111 the cotnanution for the reoharteruf | |jon tlie sanciiiy.of tlio sovereignty of the |
lie B oik, or for tho appropriation of mon- 1 sthfes, G-oigia may truly say that site ;s j
tlio
nd
iliu-
0111 uoorgt'tr. Ami nine preservationt
the union, us Jefferson taught, depends u- i eitinlion of grr'aim.ss.
But .1 am asked, where is lo ire .found tv
ttuarrsMtiy against liietaslimul improvident
ey by Congress lor purposes of iinettial I the friend of tlm Union". Once, twice, f use of your original right of Sovereignty,
iniprpvemenl; t-ud she n oitld not be wil- nay iltrice, hi.s site interposed; unaided, i I answer, the wery cliaracter of the act it-
iiitg' to admit that iiulhficat'oe, us. taiighl
by thu last uained gooilr.man, is a poacea-
hleund coestiltilrunul remedy. It is very
singular that so powerful a mind ns Mr.
McDuffie'S, sliouid uoit at ouce see, titat in ! Inis uul yoyi legislature denounced ihupdi- j glory, its irnuscendiint glory, will stay tlm
advocating tlm tight of Congress lore- ous tiling?—Wo answer,—you may call it rash lintid, and overawe tlm ambitious
chat tel; (Ito bunk, ho gives the weight of,
nay thrice, hi.s site interposed; unaided, t 1 answer, the very character ot llte act it-^
lire shield of her sovereignty, lietw-.'en tho [ self, is a protoctioti iigiijnst tlio abuse of
Federal Government find her rights; with . it. r i he interest (and this word sp'nks
whaijstivrt'sp. let Carofifta judge. But we ; volumes) which each stale has in our com-
repiohared with more iitdiguant wrath, or | nullifit-atirw); n is essentially different; and
rc-l'uMul with more convincing ittgtimeni! it is^ Carolina Nullificirtiott that the Legis-'
judge
are asked, is nut this nuilrficiiliou?
And I mail Union—the benefits of ils'honor; lift
his great cliaracter and commanding intel
lect, to those doctrines which uo man bus
whul you please, wo earn not fur the name, j mind. W ho loves not tlm Union ; who
a rose try any other name would smell (ieels not the sublimity of this grand lem-
thati Imnself. 1-can see bm small differ- ! furore lias denounced. Col. Ilamiiiuii
unco betwoeii the constitutional right by J tells ns, thiit Carolina lias tlio right lo md-
chusti iiclion lo grant a charter of jucor- lily llte 'fat iff, by any means that a Com
potation, and thu right Ivy const rite (ion to ] vetnioo and Iter state Legislature may tli-
nnpO e duties lor protoctioti of man- j iei;i:—'Tht^xvii do. not' deny— larllwr lie
nlr-c-iiK-s. It is 0' wretchqd ■comiuen a- ! tells us tit-tl dieTilftv, thus nullified, tltotqdi
ty **pon, l*clitics, to find one so honest, j still iiidorce hi .dvery oilier state of llte.
SO lihle, involved in an iiieousistency so j Union, is u dOiu! letter as to CatU!ijha;.uti-
palpable. * * j til u convention of the states shall pro
as sweet ’’--Only do mot call il Carolina j pie of liberty and law? Who woislijps
“ ’ not e its shrine; and pours not Ids ii-
pen its liailoWed Altai? Nttne-
Then so loiigas its symmetry is beattitful,
its m ignifu rmcc imposing, Its strength tm-
impaired, its altar qudesgcrtti.eJ, titni iis
shtiiic unpol.Qted, tot ho man mar ii.
•ifNlGS.
Vrtim tt:n Albany Argtis.
GU111GIA’ AND THU SUPREME COURT.
Tho Snot erne Court of the U. States.
Many of our purest -republicans, have j nomice it constitutional, and then Carolina i lias citt il the. 5:ate of Georgia lo appear
) doubi, unwillingly y ieldcd the coustito-1 is 10 submit to the law. And u«lil such j at its bar, and answer to tho rompluinls of
oiial question, because of the evident tt- ! eimvention shall so decide, no state has ' Worcester and Butler, relative tothe.i
itlily, we had almost said absolute neces-1 tlie right to judge of the propriety
lily, of the Bank. But wo most uuh-t- ’ " *
tered, uuciassicai, lionit-lned, uittrnvelled
tj.dk, un tiffs side of tlm Savannah, arc
churlish enoiigii lo believe, that consistetr-
ry is the prime allrihuteof the public man,
and that thu constitution is to be pre
served at the sacrifice of all views of ex
pediency. Mr. Calhoun never had, and
it is believed nfcver can have, the confi
dence of Georgia, for lit) never has merit
ed it. A life of hard pettmteo could
scarcely atone for his political sip*, and
particularly his sins against our dearest
rights ami our most cherished and most
honored men. When we were stroggtthg
single li -uded, in 182f>, against the usur
ped powers of the Gi-tieral Government,
with Troup for our leader, whore then
was tho Vice President, with his hunting
zeal for the rights of llga. states? In the
rank* of our enemies. A Leader aiming
_ calculations of
who tell us ilia! this lipparont prosperity ! mere piofit aod loss. Sir, u ltnl will it
is in 11 great measure delusive ; that the I profit you, if you gain the whole world,
system has operated in building up a lit- j and lose the hearts Of your people ? This
voreii class at the expenso of tho rest of is 11 roiifoderaled goveriiHiunl, Joiindod en
tlio community. Titat it has, in fact, « iptril of nuiluai concilia Hon, concession,
made tlio “riclt richer, nnd tho poor poor- I imd compromise, ami it is neither a just,
or." I have before me tpveral stale- j ;n udeut iter rightful exercise of tlio high
incuts, all going lo prove those assertions, j trust With which you trre in vesuri Ibr the
his system cenl-i be jusiified. Out there I those who assailed our state chat actor,
are higlloi Htui mole qaerud principies in- distrusted our fidelity tn site union, and
Vulved iu tbi* question, which cannot be j would, htid they possessed tho power, have
safely disregarded ; there arn- cfmsitfern- coerced ns into a condition of colonial de-
lions of jrtsncc, nnd, political equality, [ pendr-nec. Mr C. iu this treason tigain’si
which tise far. ubu
as 10 several of tlio most flourishing man
ufacturing establishments qf tlie uonit,
I will trouble tho Senate with blit 0110 of
•bent, and that merely by way of illustra
tion. ■ Tlie article is from the pen of one
of the ablest political economists in tlio
UiiKJti, one who lots laid his country un-
dor a lasting debt of gratitude.
[Mr. II ay tie here tend n statement fftno
the Banner of tlio Constitution, proving
that a flourishing cotton manufactory’'at
tlto' Falls Village, in Now Hampshire,
common good, lo resort to a system of
legislation by which benefits and burthens
lire unequally distributed. Sir, can any gen
tleman loqk this stihjrct fairly in the litce,
and not perceive that such a government
as ours (instituted fur a few definite pur
poses, in which every portion ctf tlio Un
ion must, from thu very nature of things,
Itavo a common interest) cannot turn aside
from tlio Itigd) duties, and undertake ‘to,
control tlio domestic industry of-individu
als, wi liout undermining tlio very founda-
was, from tin ir nu7t slwrring, maintained lions of our republican system.' It is con
by u tax on thu community ; exceeding 1 trarv to tlio whole geniflk and character of
the entire profi's of tho establishment, by | our institutions; tiro very bu nk and struc-
$101,000 per nmuint ; and that, if a purse j lure of our government, that it should on-
wa> ttii-de tip, and every operative nr it, j-dertako lo regulate the whole labor tied
woman, and child paid t&tfk) per milium, ! capital of this extensive country. A pe.r-
for standing Lite or turning grindstones, i sevoranco in tltis cuttrse will sow the seeds
tlto public would be gainers by $101,000 ' of dissention broad cast throughout tho
annually.]
! land, ami let it bu remembered, that dis-
It will be seen, therefore, that, with re- i cord is not aidant of slow growth, hoi one
gird to some, at least, of our most flour
ishing uiuuufactdrhig establishments, the
profits derived two dmwu from the peek-
ets of the people. But, ft will be said,
"boro is a case'in which the south parti
cipates in tlie bounty ; hero is a home
nt.it krt brand for three thousand bales of
CmoUita culton." Sir, I seise the oppor
tunity to dispel forever ihe delusion, iliut
the shut it tin derive any compensation in
a home uuu kot for tho injurious operations
the south was not tho only one Hinoug the
distinguished politician's ol Carolina—oth
er names could ho 'mentioned, but we for
bear. Who is the projector of those
schemes of imermii improvement, fortifi-
cations, &c. loo successfully put forth,
which arc now the rinse of nil the south?
The vice President. Who now denoun
ces Judge Smith as unfaiihlul to tlio rights
el‘ the sooth? Mr. Calhoun, and his
friends. Atul who is Juilgo Smith? Tlie
original and first fi icnd of state fights, un
ntdlinching member of the republican fam
ily, radical iu sutil and in act, the com
panion uttd friend of our Crawford.
One word more only. So (nog ns llte
name ol Crawford is loved and honored in
Georgia, that of Culhotin can scarcely
claim respect. ' Mr. Crawford stands not
now, in the way of Mr. Callionii’s iinihi-
liqus aspirations; ho rests in comparative
retirement,-mrd the memory of itis virtues
and itis sufferings, Itis persecutions and Iris
triumphs, shall be undying, ns are tlto re
cords of his cortnlry’s glory.
It is obvious enough that the co-opera
tion of Georgia lias hsen niixknisly de
sired by Carolina, in Iter schemes of nulli
fication. And one of the mortifications
of this distinguished nqmiber of the con
federacy, lias resulted front her failure to
qV the ! confinement in tire peuftemiiiry for rofb; -
nct of Nullification, or complain, or resist | ing to pike the oath l» support' aho consti-
—and'thill the nothorilies of tin* Federal j lulion of.Georgia. Tho (-billion wiisserv-
Go-vormnent cannot use the constitutional - ed upon ifio .Governor iiiui atiorm-v-ceu-
nwmns of enforcing secli act, until such de-1 ora!; and the Governor has piosemvtl the
vision shall be made. Ami that this pro-j subject to tlto legislature in a special me:. ■
cess constitutes » peaceable ami constitu- j sage. The committee to whom it tvas rt-
tional remedy, in other words, there is! furred stale in ilteif report, which will ui:-
wiiIrani in the constitution, direct or irn- 1 douhlcdly be adopted by a large tnajorilc;
ptiod, for-* any otto state to throw, hergi It “That Ufa State will not conipromit
peaceuhly out of tho union, as to any law | her dignity, or so lar yield Inn 1 joins as a
she may chose to nullify,at the same time j sovereign member of the confederacy, os
as to all other rights and liabilities, site j to appear, or answer, or in any wise be-
continues a member of'.lie confederacy.— J conto a put ty to tlto citation—and that the
Now we deny tliuf any shell warrenl, for governor and all tlie oilier officers of tbo
any such constitutional remedy, is to be | stale, disregard anil repeal any -and•every
found in- tlio constitution—titat any'pro-: mandate issuing front the supreme court,
vision by grant or const! uction is made in] or invasion front w!uilev*i source h arises,
llmt instrument, for N'uiUiicntidh. If nil contravt min'the execution of ihe'senicuco
departinciils of the Govgnmioat, admit j of the state courts, iu criminal cases.’’
this constittitioiml remedy )o bo in tho! To servo tlio purposes'of designing po-
s'atos, by warrant iu the cnostitution, limn 1 liliciaus «t this pcwnliar luncture, the
indeed is the Union u rope til's-iud ; tben j duct of Georgiu is iliisreprusetited, tho
is ult federal legislation vain; tor then tu»y | principles involved iu thu question too
each state, without reproach, and without j perverted, ami tlto whole proceeding, on
fear, nullify all laws-of Congress, and he- the Georgia side, is magnified into lyran-
come her own legislator, restrained only ' '
by a 'convention; which convention thu
constitution dues not iintluirize in this way
to be called—and which in this wav nev
er can be called—What then is Georgia
Nullification? lu case of collision be
tween a state and congress as to the con
stitutionality of a law, the constitution
provides no arbiter, eo aolhorilatho and
controlling tribunal to quiet the conflict.—
In all oilier cases or compact, when the
parties disagree us to wltat tlto compact
is, no-common umpire being agreed upon
in the compact ; each party is left free lo
tty and oppression, if Dot reln-lliutl.
There is ttu section where the people
are more prejudiced against the,state gn-
tiiorfties of Georgia in regard to ibis sub
ject, 1 linn ic tlto eastern states; and yel'
the annals of Massachusetts, while [he
wliigs of the revolution gave direction to
her councils, establish a most triumphant
precedent for tlio course ptiisued by Geor
gia, so far us concerns tho suability of a"
sovereign state:
In a civil precept in favor of
Win. Vassal, was, issued out of the su
preme court of the -U. Stales, uud served
say for himself, what is llte letter, what [upon John Hancock, then governor of
the spirit, and rvimt shall he tho construe
lion, of tho instrument.
Just so with 1I1O parlies tu tlio Fed-
compact. Each party in the absence ofjspuecli he stiys:
Massachusetts, ami also, upon the attor
ney-general of tlm state. Gov. Han
cock convened the legislature, and in his
1111 arbiter must judge fur itself of tho pow- i
era in the constitution granted hv the
“ 1 cannot conceive that the people of
ri this commonwealth, when they adopted
States to the General Government,and of the constitution, c-xricct-ed (hat each state
tlio powers by it prohibted to the states— j should beheld liable lo answer on cum
for example.
1 pulsory civjf process to every individual
A slate believes lL.it a power to impose 1 resident in another stale or kingdom.
that flourishes in every -soil, nnd novel ; rally the whole South upon this question.
fails to produce its frail in doe season.
What n spectacle do you even now exhib
it tq die world ? A large poiiiytt of your
lelloW-citi*ens believing litcmselves to be
grievously -oppressed by an unwise and
unconstitutional system, are clamoring at
your doors for justice, while another por
tion, supposing dirt they are enjoying rich
bounties under il, are treating lln-ir com
plaints with scorn anil contempt. God
pf the protecting system. Tho case bo- 1 only,knows where nil this is to end. Hut
lore us affords tt striking illustration of
this truth. The value of the raw ms-
ret Lit is about onc-fiuirlh part of the.man
ufactured article. Now if the codon
goods tjnanufrrlttred at tho falls vHbjjje, (
it “will not, and it cannot, come to good.”
We at the South still call you our hreth
ren, and have ever cherisheil towards you
tlto strongest feelings of affection; but
CiWolina may lie assured hv reference
to tho history of our luditm relations, titat
if llte time should come, when action in
reference lo tlie Tariff is necessary^
Georgia, unskilled as she is in the classi
cal beauties ol Caroiiua republicanism,
will find some mean, some ■ process, by
which Iter rights may ho respected ; al
though the use of such mean, tusy put in
jeopardy her federal membership. Ami
should the time arrive (God grant it nev
er may) when the Southern' states should
find it necessary, to choose between uit-
couditionui submission to iyiauutc.il exac
tions, and tlie integi ifv of pur loved mid
you the brothers of our blood, fur]glorious, union, Georgia will fiaget her
duties upon imports for protection of tn
nlitclures, is not grained to Congress.-
Tlie other party believes that such pow
A guilt he says
“1 he legislature of tite Union lifts raw
er yet cnmi-nipiated this subject: for
er is given. The slate acting-upon her tlm cstiihiirimiotit ol the judiciary system
own responsibility, declares tbo Jaw a it is entirely neglected: no mentionin math
palpable and dangerous violation of llte in the acts of congress of tlie suability of
constitution, uud prescribes (or herscll both j a state. Nor ip tliorc any process neatest
tltb mode nod mi-nsttru oi her redress.— a slate, provided for in tlie laws of tlio
Site does this, not by constitutional jiruvi- j L’. Slate-,
sion, for such an act is tin where provided for
in thtrt-insIrojHeul.—-Bnt slio believes,, that
a power to pass such law j s not granted
('uMaa.XWK4I.TIl or Mamackvw.tts, )
In Hamit, Septcmbct VM, J7P3. (
Whereas, a decision has been had
in the constitution, and the power lo i the Supremo Judicial Court of the Uni-
resist uu uticuiisliiutioii-4. act,- is not 1 ted States, that a stale ntnv bo suud in the
in tlwt mstrumeut ptohibited lu her;! said court by a citizen of another stale
therefore tluewieg herself gpuu her re- j which decision appears lo have been
served rights, upon Iter original, undele- grounded on the second section of the
gored, unmodified, unconditional sover- ihiid ariicle of the conaitution of tho L
eigitty, slto resists the enforcement of the I States.
law. In iltU roststauce, site looks to her] Resolved, That « power claimed nr
i- rights as a Sovereign, aud so far as this which may be claimed, of comnellitra ,,
c-Jact is concerned, as separate and distinct [state to be on.de defendant in am- cm..,
from tlm Union, ns If site held her location juf the Unitr’j'StatoI^aTdm suit o7iin°ri'
.tjmu the summit ol tho Andes. It is au [dividual or individuals,da, in tjto opinion of