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J. RANDOLPH, OF ROANOKE.
From a volume of Sketches now prepar.ng for the
press, by the author of Clinton Bradshaw, &c.
Great wits to madness nearly are allied.”
1 remember sortie years since to have seen
John Randolph in Baltimore. 1 bad fre
quently read and heard descriptions of him,
and one day, as I was standing in Market,
now Baltimore street, I remarked a tall, thin,
unique looking being hurrying towards me
with a quick impatient step, evidently much
annoyed by a crowd of boys who were follow
ing close at bis heels, not in the obstreperous
mirth with which they would have followed a
crazy or drunken man, or an O'gan grinder
and his monkey, but in the silent curious won
der with which they would have haunted a
Chinese bedecked in full costume. I instantly
knew the individual to be Randolph front the
descriptions. I therefore advanced towards
him, that I might make a full observation of
his person without violating the rules of cour
tesy in stopping to gaze at him. As lie ap
proached, tie occasionally turned towards the
hoys with an angry glance, but without say
ing any tiling, at.d tlten hurried on as if to
outstrip them, but it would not do. They
followed close behind the orator, each one ob
serving bun so intently that lie said nothing to
his companions. Just before I met hint tie
stopped a Mr. C—, a cashier of one of the
banks, said to l>e as odd a fish as Joint him
self I loitered into a store close by, and un
noticed, remarked the Roanoke orator for a
considerable time; and really lie was the
strangest looking being l ever beheld.
His long thn legs, about as thick as a strong
walking cane, and of much such a shape,
were encased in a pair of small light clothes, so
tiirlit that they seemed jrart and parcel of the
limbs of the wearer. Handsome white stock
ings were fastened with ge.t tidiness at the
knees by a small gold buckle, and over them
coming Jabout half way up the call, were a
pair of what, I believe, are called hose, coarse
and country knit. He wore shoes. They
were old fashioned, and fastened also with
buckles —huge ones, lie trod like an Indian,
without turning bis toes out, but planking
them down straight ahead. It was the lash
ion in those days to wear a fan-tailed coat,
with a small collar, and buttons far apart be
hind and few on the breast. Air. Randolph’s
was the reverse of this, anti instead of his coa t
being fan-tailed, it was what, we believe, the
knights of the needle call swallow-tailed r the
collar was immensely large, the buttons be
hind were in kissing proximity, and they sat
together as close on the breast of the gar me at
as"the feasters at a crowded public festival.—
His waist was remarkably slender; so slen
der that, as he stood with his arm a kintbo, he
could easily, as I thought, with his long bony
lingers have spanned it. Around his coat,
which was very tight, was held together by
one button, and, in consequence, an inch or
more of tape, to which it was attached, was
perceptible where it was pulled through the
cloth. About his neck he wore a large white
cravat, in which his chin was occasionally I
harieii as he moved his tiead in conversation;
no shirt collar was perceptible; every other
j>erson seemed to pride himself upon the size
of his, as they were then worn large. Mr.
Randolph’s complexion was precisely that of
a mummy, withered, saflron, dry and Wood
less; you could not have placed a pin's point
on his lace where you would not have touched
a wrinkle. His lips were thm, compressed,
and colorless; the chin, beardless as a hoy's,
was broad for tlte size of his face wh ; ch was
small; his nose was straight, with nothing
remarkable in it, except perhaps it was too
short. He wore a fur cap, which he took off,
standing a few moments uncovered. I ob
served that his head was quite small, a char
acteristic which is said to have marked many
‘men of talent—Byron and Chief Justice
Marshall, for instance. Judge Burnet, of
Cincinnati, who has been alike distinguished
at the bar, on the bench, and in the United
States Senate, and whom I have heard no
less a judge and possessor ot talents than Mr. •
Hammond of the Gazette, say, was the clear
est and most impressive speaker he ever heard,
has also a very small head. Mr. Randolph’s
hair was remarkably fine —fine as an infants,
and thin. It was very long ami was tied be
hind with a bit of black ribband about three
inches from his neck; the whole of it formed
a queue not thicker than the little finger ol a
delicate girl- His forehead was low with no
bumpology about it; but his eye- though
sunken, was most br.lhant and startling in its
glance. It was not an eye ot profound, but
of impulsive ami passionate thought, with an
expression at times such as physicians de
scribe to be that of insanity, but an insanity
which seemed to quicken, not destroy, intel
lectual acuteness. I never Itehekl an eye that
struck me more. I: possessed a species of
fascination, such as would make you wonder
over the character of its possessor, without
linJing any clew in your wonderment to dis
THE COLUMBUS TIMES.
cover it, except that he was passionate, way
ward, and lea:less. He lifted his long bony
finger impressively as he conversed, and ges
ticulated with it in a peculiar manner. His
whole appearance struck me, and I could ea
sily imagine how, with his great command of
language, so appropriate and full, so brilliant
ami classical, joined to the vast information
that his discursive oratory enabled him to ex
hibit in its fullest extent, from the storehouse
of which the vividness of his imagination was
always pointing out a happy analogy, or hit
ter sarcasm, that startled the more from the
fact that his hearers did not perceive it until
the look, tone, and finger brought it down
with the suddenness of lightning, ami with
its effects, upon the head of his adversary;
taking all this into consideration, I could easily
imagine hmv, when almost a boy, he won so
much fame, and preserved it so long and with
so vast an influence, notwithstanding the ec
centricity and inconsistency of his life, public
and private.
By the hve, the sudden, unexpected, and
aphorislical way in which Randolph often
expressed his sentiments had much to do with
hts oralorial success. He would, like Dean
Swift, make a remark, seemingly a compli
ment, and explain it into a sarcasm, or he
would utter an apparent sarcasm, and turn it
into a compliment. Many speakers, when
lltey have said a thing hurry on to a full ex
planation, fearful hat the hearer may not un
derstand them; but when Randolph expressed
one of these startling thoughts, he left the
hearer for some time puzzling in doubt as to
what he meant, and, when it pleased him, in
the coolest manner in the world he explained
his meaning, not a little delighted if he dis
covered that his audience was wondering the
while upon whom the blow would descend, or
what principle the remark would be brought
to illustrate. A little anecdote which I heard
a member of Congress from Kentucky tell of
him, si ows ibis charateristic. The Congress
man, on his first visit to Washington, (he had
just been elected,) was of course desirous of
seeing tiie lions. Randolph, though not a
member of either house, was there, and had
been daily borne into the Senate or House by
his faithful Juba, to listen to the debates.—
Every body, noted or unnoted, were calling
on ihe eccentric orator, and the member lrom
Kentucky determined to do likewise, and
gratify his curiosity. A friend, General ,
promised to present him,. saying though,
“ You must he prepared for an odd reception,
for, if Randolph is in a bad humor, he will do
and sav any tiling; if he is in a good humor,
you will see a most finished gentleman.”—
They called. Mr. Randolph was stretched
out on a sola. “He seemed,” said the mem
ber “a skeleton, endowed with those flashing
eyes which ghost stories give to the re-ani
mated body when sent upon some earthly
mission.”
The Congressman was presented by his
friend, the General, as a Member of Congress
from Kentucky. “ Ah, from Kentucky, sir,”
exclaimed Randolph, in his shrill voice, as he
rose to receive him, “from Kentucky, sir;
sir, 1 consider your State is the Botany Bay
of Virginia.” The Kentuckian thought that
the next remark would he a quotation from
Barrington’s Botany Bay epilogue, applied
by Randolph to the Virginia settlers of Ken
tucky,
*• True patriots yre, for be it understood,
We left our country, tor our country’s good
but Randolph, after a pause, conimued : “I
da not make this remark, sir, in application to
the morals i<r mode of settlement of Kentucky.
No sir, 1 mean to say that it is my opinion,
sir, that the tmte approaches when Botany
Bay wif in all respects surpass England, and
I tear it will soon be so with regard to your
State and mine.”
1 cite this anecdote not for any peculiar
pith that it possesses, but as an illustration of
Itis character, and in proot of the remark
above made.
If Mr. Randolph had lived in ancient times,
Plutarch, with all- his powers in tracing the
analogies of character, would have looked in
vain for a parallel. And a modern biographer,
with all ancient and modern times before hint,
will find the efforts fruitless that seeks Ins
fellow. At first, the reader might think of
Diogones as furnishing some resemblance to
him, ami that all that Randolph wanted was
a tub; hut not so if another Alexander had
asked him what he would have that imperial
power can bestow —the answer never would
have been a request to stand out of Itis sun
light. No, Randolph, if he could have got no
higher emolument and honor, would immedi
ately have requested to he sent on a foreign
mission; that over, if Alexander has nothing
more to give, and ivas so situated as not to
be feared, who does not believe that the ex
minister would turn tail on him?
The fact is, that Randolph was excessively
ambitious, a cormorant alike lor praise ami
plunder; and though his patriotism could
point out the disinterested course to others,
hts love of money would not let hitn keep the
track himself—at least in his latter years, when
Mammon, the old man’sTiod, beset him, and
he turned an idolaior to that for which lie
had so often expressed his detestation that his
countrymen believed him. His mission to
Russia broke the charm that the prevailing
opinion of his disinterestedness cast about
him, and Itis influence in his native State was
falling fast beneath the appointment and outfit
and salary that had disenchanted it when he
died; and now old Virginia will forget and
forgive these inconsistencies of one of her
greatest sons to do reverence to his memory*
To the Editor of the British Press.
RETURN UF THE JEWS TO THE HOLY
LAND.
Sir: For the informuuoi*of such of your
readers as sympathise with the Jews in their
present dispersion, and who desire their resto
ration to the land of their fathers, l herewith
send you extracts front a German newspaper,
which “betoken a movement among tiie con
tinental Jews, in relation to the late crisis in
Syria,” as the editor remarks:
“We have a country, the inheritance of our
fathers, liner, more fruitful, belter situate, for
commerce than many of the most celebrated
portions of the globe. Environed bv the deep
delled Taurus, the lively shores of the Euphra
tes, the lofty steppes of Arabia, and of rocky
’ Sinai, our country extends along the shores ol
the Mediterranean, crowned by the towering
cedars of Lebanon, the source of a hundred
rivulets and brooks, which spread fruitfulness
over shady dales, and confer wealth on the
contented inhabitants. A glorious land! sit
| u:ue at the furthest extremity of the sea which
i connects three-quarters of the globe, over
| which the Phoenicians, our brethren, sent their
j numerous fleets to the shores of Albion and
the rich coasts of Lithuania, near to both the
| Red sea and the Persian gull ; the perpetual
courses of the traffic of the world, on the route
from Persia and India to theCaspianand Black
sea, the central country of the commerce be
tween the east and the west.
“Every country has Us peculiarity—every
people their own nature. Syria with its ex
tensive surrounding plains, unfavorable to reg
ular cultivation, is a land of transit, of com
! munications, ot caravans. No people on the
earth have lived so true to their calling from
the first as we have done. We are a trading
people born for the country where little food
is necessary, and this is furnished by nature
COLUMBUS, GEORGIA, THURSDAY MORNING, JUNE 3, 1841.
almost spontaneously to the temperate inhab
itants, but not lor the iteavy soil of ihe rude
uorth.
“In no country of the earth are our breth
ren so numerous as in Syria, in none do they
live in as dense masses so independent of ttie
surrounding inhabitants; in none do they per
severe so steadfastly in their faith in the prom
ise of the lathers, as on the beautiful shores of
the Orcutes. In Damascus alone hve near
00,000
“The Arab has maintained hts language
and his original country; on the Nile, tit the
deserts, as far as Sinai, and beyond the Jor
dan he feeds Itis flocks In the elevated plains
of Asia Minor the Turcoman has Conquered
lor himself a second birthplace of the Osman;
but Syria and Palestine are depopulated. —
Fot centuries the battle field between the sons
of Altai and of the Arabian wilderness, the in
habitants of the West, and the half nomadic
Persians, none have been able lo establish
themselves and maintain their nationality; —
no nation can claim the name ol Syrian. A
chaotic mixture of all the tribes and tongues
—remnants of migrations front the north and
south, they disturb one another in the posses
sion of the glorious land where our fathers for
so many centuries emptied the cup of joy and
wo—wtiere every clod is drenched with the
blood of our heroes when their bodies were
buried under the ruins of Jerusalem.
“ The power of our enemies is gone, the
angel of discord has long since mown down
their mighty host, and yet ye do not bestir
yourselveS, people of Jehovah ! What hin
ders? Nothing but your own supineness.
“Think you that Meheniet Ali or the Sul
tan in Stamboul! will not be convinced that it
would be better lor him to he the protector of
a peaceful and wealthy people, than with infin
ite loss of men and money, to contend against
the ever-repeated, mutually provoked insur
rections of the Turks and Arabs, of whom
neither the one nor the other are able to give
prosperity to the country.
‘Our probation was long, in all countries,
from the North Poie to the South. There is
no trade, no art, which we have not practiced,
no science in which we cannot show splendid
examples. Where will you find better pro
claimed of civil zaiion to the wild tribes of the
East f
“People of Jehovah, raise yourselves from
your thousand years’ slumber! Rally round
leaders; have really the will; a Moses will
not he wanting. The rights of nations w.li
never grow old; take possession of tl.e land
of your fathers; build a third time the temple
of Zion, greater and more magnificent than
ever. Trust in the lord, who has led you safe
ly through the vale of misery thousands of
years. He, also, will not loisake you in your
last conflict.”
Tnese extracts show that the Jews are ex
horting one another to return to and take
possession of their father land, now that their
God is ‘drying up the waters of the great riv
er Euphrates;’ to prepare a way lor them,
by the combined forces of Turkey acting a
gainst the Egpytians, as predicted in Daniel
xi., 40-43,* ltev. xvi., 12.
For this is llie year ordained of God for re
instating the descendants ot Abiaham, Isaac
and Jacob, in llieir own land, no more to be
dispossessed of it by the Gent iles. (Jer. xxi.
14, 15.) And when returning', God will give
them the tabernacle, and the ark, and the al
tar of incense, which lie commanded Jeremi
ah to hide in a hollow cave in Mount Nebo,
when their ancestors were going into captivi
ty in Babylon. For ‘tlten the Lord shall
show them those things, and the glory of the
Lord shall appear, and (lie cloud also, as it
was shown unto Moses, as when Solomon de
sired that the place might be honorably sanc
tified.’ See 2 Mac. ii., 1-8.
From the subjoined calculation, drawn from
scriptural data, it is obviously proved that the
year 1840 terminates the ‘2 300 days.’ or
vears, ordained by God tor giving the Jews
over to the Genliles, by them to be trodden
under foot for the Iranoression of the daily
sacrifice.’ (Dan. viii., 13, 14; Luke xxi., 20,
24.) We may, therefore, expect the Jews to
‘he received into mercy,’ in their own land,
this present year 1841, and to commence re
building their cities and the temple as in for
mer years, as predicted in Jer. xxxi-, 31—40.
Ex. xxxvi., 24-38, xxxvii, and as spoken of
by themselves in the extracts I send you.—
And ‘then shall the sanctuary be cleansed,’as
predicted in Dan. viii.. 14, (some say in 1843.)
According to Dan. x. 24, those 2,300
days, or years, begin 70 weeks,
or49oyears, before the death and
resurrection of Christ, 490 years.
From these 490 years deduct the
natural life ol Chris', 34 years.
And it proves that these 2,300 days
or years began B. C. 456 years.
To these 456 years add 1840 years
and 4 years for the error of the
vulgar era, in all 1544 years, 1,844 years.
And you have the number of the
days, or years, of the vision, 2,300 years.
This subject receives aJdi ional three and
interest lrom ihetbllowing extract from a Liv
erpool publication of December last: “With
such anxiety are he Jews regarded by the
different Cabuiets of Europe, that it is upon
Utis issue, who shall possess the land which
God gave to their forelathers? That the ques
iton of peace or war now depends, and their
return to Palestine, under the guaranty of the
Allied powers, lias been suggested as the
most effectual mode of preserving peace a
mong the nations. ‘The] dry hones’* are be
ginning to shake, and appearances bring the
words of the Psalmist to our minds; ‘Tlmu
shall arise and have mercy upon Zion, for
the time to favor Iter, yea, tliesettime is come,
for thy servants lake pleasure in her stones,
and favor the dust thereof-’
If these observations be found to accord
with divine Revelation 1 the present position of
the Jews not only presents a most interesting
object lor contemplation, but must also lead
everv serious inquirer to admire the watchlul
ness'ot” Jehovah over this ancient people du
ring the lapse of so many ages, and at the
same time to awaken the attention of profes
sing Christians to the great events that must
vet precede, and shall foilwv their restoration
to the land of their fathers, recorded in Ez.
xxxvi, xxxvii, xxxviii, xxxix, l uke xxi, 24-
28 ; Rom. xi- Yours, ike.
PHILIP BOLTON.
St. Heliers, January 20, 1841.
* Turkey is there called “the K Bg of the North,”
and Egvp: “the King of the South,” because those
countries are north and sooth of the Jews’ eon-try.
The Population of the Union. —We are
indebted to a friend for the following calcula
tion. It will be seen that he makes the pop
ulation of the United States in ISSO, upwards
of 58,000,000. Thus he says, “our popula
tion in
1790 was 3,729,326
1800 5.360.553
1810 7,289,903
1820 9,635,166
1830 12,856,407
1840 ought to be 17,141,866
He adds a third, and makes it in 1850. 22,
j 666,666; another third, and in 1860, 30 222,-
j 221 ; another third, ami in 1870, 40,206,295;
1 and in 1830, 53,423,393.” —OiJ IXmtu.ion.
THE UNION OF THE STATES, AND THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE STATES.
From the Federal Union, May 25.
ELECTION OF GOVERNOR.
Our readers will recollect that we an
nounced the unanimous agreement of the
Democratic part)', to run as their candidate for
the Executive office, Itis Excellency Charles
J. McDonald. We now place his name at
the head of our columns, where it will remain
till the contest is decided.
Governor McDonald is known to have a
personal popularity which will give to him a
strength fully equal to that of the party by
which he is nominated. His administration,
at the next election, will have been before the
people nearly the constitutional term of two
years ; so that they will have a perfect oppor
tunity of judging for themselves, and deciding
whether he has abused the trust confided to
him. And fortunately we have lived through
the turmoil of last year, and have tried all
sorts of experiment and changes which the
frenzy of unexpected success could dictate to
a party not capable of using with moderation
or justice, the power thus lavished on it by a
confiding people. The spell of promises never
intended to be kept, is broken; we can now
calmly calculate the value of these changes,
and go to the polls duly sober, to decide the
great question whether Georgia is to fly off
front her principles and play an awkward part
in the pomp and parade of an administration,
verging rapidly into power founded on wealth,
and tending all the time to sink to insignifi
cance the hardy sons of the revolution and
their descendants—or whether she will plant
her standard on the rights of the many, and
look to the support of the Democracy charac
teristic of southern men and southern politi
cians. We are apprised that the contest
cannot he waged on principles thus generally
expressed ; human nature is too weak for that.
We must fix on the acts of our adversaries,
and point the people to their consequences,
while we challenge for our own the approval
we think them entitled to. It is thus, we feel
confident, we shall be able to sustain the ad
ministration of Gov. McDonald.
We know not the vials of hidden wrath
which his enemies have in store, and which
will be poured on his head in due season. So
far they have fixed on a single act on w r hich
they seem to rest their demand, that the peo
ple shall hurl him from the high station in
which .hey have placed him. This act, the
reader will no doubt anticipate, is his celebra
ted relief message. We are perfectly willing
to place the issue of the contest on the merits of
it, with all its responsibility, and to abide the
consequences of having urged on the consider
ation of the legislature this measure, so de
cidedly characteristic of himself; and in fact
so entirely his own. Os the motives which in
duced him to offer it, we ask no better opinion
than that given by one of his adversaries, who
attributes it to a desire to serve the people,
arising from the “ proverbial benevolence of
his character.” If this is indeed his character,
we trust the people who have confided to his
hands the highest trust in their gift, will re
ceive this message, intended for their good,
with becoming candor, and not reject him who
tendered the boon without good and sufficient
reasons.
The great body of the people, it is evident,
can have no personal interest in putting up, or
putting down individuals—their votes are given
as citizens, and their desire is to do that which
is best for the country. They will have to
choose between Gov. McDonald, whose “pro
verbial benevolence” has not allowed hitn to
be a silent spectator of the calamities of the
country, aggravated by the harsh and unfeeling
policy of the last legislature—and William C
Dawson, who has been selected by the very
moil who, violating every pledge made to the
people, denounce all measures proposed for
lessening the calamities of the times. The
relief message is evidence of the spirit which
has animated the bosom .of Gov. McDonald
heretofore—it is the best evidence which can
be given of that which will characterize his
public life to the end. The people will choose
between this and the insolent and overbearing
measures of those proud men who, disdaining
to consider the evils under which the country
groans, declare “ they would not relieve
them if they could.” If thus dressed up in
a little “ brief authority,” they play such “fan
tastic tricks,” what are the people to expect
of them when every branch of the government
is placed in their hands.
The relief message is now a matter of his
tory —the occasion which called it forth has
passed by; but the country is not. yet relieved
of its embarrassment. Times are no better,
and the next legislature may be expected to
meet under circumstances calling more loudly
than ever for means of reltef. Will they place
in the seats of power those men who have al
ready “laughed at their calamities,” and are
prepared to “mock when their fear cometh 1”
Will they place themselves in the hands of
those whose maxim is, that the sudden liqui
dation of all debts, shall be so urged on the
people, as to force the debtor class to ruin,
however inconsiderable the debts they may
owe 1 Will they place themselves in the hands
of those who have announced their determina
tion of ‘“winding up the Central Bank”—thus
adding to the weight of demands by individuals
a government demandof mure than two millions,
which will operate with tenfold power, by
withdrawing from circulation the only money
to be seen, at the moment it issues the stern
command to “ pay up.” Will they still en
trust power to the hands of a party whose ex
istence depends on depressing the middle to
the lower class of people—who scourge with
one hand and demand votes with the other—
who are now eagerly pressing forward the
grinding moneyed power which has been
brought on the people by faults not their own
-“-and when they are solicited to adopt some
measure calculated to afford relief, reply “ we
would not do it if we could” but we advise you
to go in debt no more ? This insolent advice
we’have heard from the rostrum, and seen from
the press. It falls on ears who do not need
, the admonition. But it proposes no relief to
! the miseries of the land. The people are not
| going in debt, and desire at the hands of their
i ruleFs only such enactments as will give to
their labor and their property, a value that may
avail in the rescue of the prudent and indus
trious. They expect no impossibilities and
look for no relief without labor or property
appropria’ and. They do not regard themselves
as criminals, who are to be stripped of all they
have, and turned off in hopeless bankruptcy,
with a cold piece of advice from those who
have precipitated their ruin. And unless we
very much mistake the signs of the times, the
insignia of power will be as suddenly snatched
from, as they have been incautiously placed
I in, the hands of the heartless aristocrats of the
last legislature.- The people will vindicate
their right to self-government—they will en
act the laws called for by the circumstances in
which they are placed, and in reply to such as
may admonish them not to go in debt, they
will say, “we would not if we could.”
The Island of Cuba. — An interesting cor*
respondent in the New York Commercial,
gives us some new ideas of this noble island.
Its geology indicates primitive volcanic and
coral formations, principally of the latter, and
all blended in harmonious union. The nor
thern and middle parts of the islanff have a
range ol hills, while much of it is flat; and in
the elevated, is a level coral and shell rock for
mation, a little above the surlace of the sea,
and remarkable for the thin covering of its soil
and its unequalled fertility.
Indeed, I have never before seen a country
so rocky under cultivation. Many of the levei
and beautiful fields of coffee trees or sugar
cane, could not be cultivated with Ihe plough.
All its trees and vegetable productions are
novel to us. From the lowering palm or lofty
cocoa-nut tree, to the hush or shrub in the
crevices, al 1 are in full blossom, or loaded, ac
cording to the season, with fruits and seeds
for the support of life. Indeed* the vegetable
powers of its soil, and the extent of its abun
dant production, are almost beyond credibility.
More than 700*000 boxes, equivalent to SOO,-
000 hhds sugar, are made in Cuba annually.
This writer says that the Havanese creoles
are amiable, pleasant and just, awaking from a
sleep of three centuries, to the improvements
of this bustling age. They have already one
railroad completed forty miles into the country
and others commenced:
He considers the two noted defences of the
city of Havanna, the Moro Castle and the Ca
banas, to be only bugbears lo frighten cow
ards.
Western and Atlantic Rail Road. —We
copy the following information, respecting
the progress of this road, from the Southern
Recorder of last Tuesday.
The President if the Boa rd of Commission
ers ol’ the State Rail Road being at present
abroad on the business of his trust, and the
law only specifying that t fficer to make the
quarterly report of the progress and prospects
of the work, to the people, through the Gov
ernor, the report tor the last quarter will not
probably he laid before the people for some
time to come. We are pleased, however, in
some measure to supply ttiis desired informa
tion, having received a letter from one of the
commissioners which affords us interesting
details in regard to this great undertaking.
On the lOt It of March last, fifty miles of the
superstructure were put under contract on fa
vorable terms to the State. The most ol the
contractors commenced operations immedi
ately thereafter, and are now progressing
rapidly with the work. They are required
by their contracts, to have the timber ail de
livered on the road by the Ist day of August
next: and there is no doubt hut it will he
done about that time. The board have re
quired all the timbers to be Kyanised; and
for this purpose arrangements are making
for the necessary materials, all of which they
expect to have done, the tract framed and
laid down on fifty miles, during the present
year, ready for the iron. They are also ma
king every exertion to obtain iron, but have
not succeeded in making any permanent-ar
rangements, but have a hope of doing so
shortly.
We are gratified that such progress has
been made, and look forward to the comple
tion of this gieat undertaking, without doubt
as to the fact, and as to an epoch in our histo
torv, from which our State will spring forth
afresh in the pathway of prosperity. We
look forward in prospect to the time when the
travel and products of Tennessee, a portion
of Kentucky, Missouri, a portion of Illinois,
and a portion of Arkansas, will all wend their
wav through old Georgia, to find their great
outlet and to deposite their precious burdens
on 1 he bosom of the mighty A.lantic, the great
highway of nations. When that time comes
it will speak in tones which will reach from
Maine to New Orleans, lor the sagacity of
our State, and the enterprising spirit of her
sons.
The necessity of Reform.— 'The follow
ing table exhibits the number of Whigs and
Democrats in office in the different depart
ments of the Government on the first of March,
1841, under Mr. Van Buren!- Compare'it
with the “ proscription” of the present Chris
tian Administration.—Philadelphia Spirit of
the Times.
Political Classification of persons inthc United
States Government, March f, 1847.
Dem. Whigs.
State Department 5 17
Patent Office 4 12
Treasury Department 15 5
First Auditor’s Office 5 8
Second do. 6 72
Third do. 8 22
Fourth do. 71 7
Fifth do. 3 G
Auditor’s Office Post Office
Department 29 23
First Comptroller’s Office 19 8
Second do. do. 3 9
General Land Office 42 38
Treasurer’s Office 5 8
Register’s Office 3 22
Solicitor of the Treasury’s Office 2 3
Post Office 45 8
War Department 4 4
Pension Office 3- 72
Ordnat.ce Office 3
Paymaster General’s Office 0 5
Adjutants 0 6
Indian Affairs 3 70
Chief Engineer’s Office 0 4
Subsistence Office 0 5
Topographical Bureau 0 2
Quartermaster General’s Office 7 5
Commissary Generai’s Office 0 3
Surveyor General’s Office 0 2
Commanding General’s Office 0 1
Clothing Bureau 1 0
Navy Department 8 5
Navy Commissioner’s Office 1 8
Important Disclosures for the Widow
and Orphan. —We speak advisedly (says
the Pennsylvaman) and upon good authority,
when we say that the Bank of the United
States was not broken alone by its cotton
speculations and dealings in fancy stocks.-*-
We boldly assert that seven millions of dollars
of the suspended debts, occupying nine folio
pages of the Ledger, consists of loans to ac
tive and prominent federal vvhigs, during the
. st few years and some of them made so re
cently as 1839 and 1840.
‘To Thomas L. M’Kenney, there is charged
the enormous sum of two hundred and fifty
thousand dollars!
To Daniel Webster, the small snm of one
hundred and ten thousand dollars—2B,oUU
of which was overdrafts in 1839 and 1840.
To John S. Riddle, the moderate sum of one
hundred thousand dollars !
Burning Vouchers. —The Journal of Com
merce thus animadverts on the mode adopted
by Mr. Biddle and his confederates, to cover
up the crimes of the Bank.
“ The announcement that the vouchers for
§BIB,OOO were destroyed, shows a degree of
villainy which we hardly expected.- What
deeds of crime were recordeu in these vouch
ers,- that nothing but their destruction could
screen the perpetrators I Whose names were
written on those vouchers l Are they names
high in office and influence 1 Certainly we
have a right, and are obliged to infer that the
very worst use was made of this money. Did
it all go the way of §52,000 to purchase
men whose names cannot be mentioned 1—
The public have a deep interest in this mat
ter, whether they own a Bank share or not;
and certainly the stockholders ought not to
rest until they know where that large sum
went to. The clerk who kept the vouchers,
probably knows ; and it cannot be difficult to
learn at least the outlines of the matter*
Treading the Wine Press.—A letter
from John Tappan, of Boston, who has recent
ly travelled in Europe, give the following de
scription of the process of treading grapes.—
Fastidious wine drinkers wiH not fancy the
fact :■
We passed through the finest wine coun
tries in Europe, in vintage time and having
witnessed the treading out of the grapes, it
may interest you to know the process. On an
appointed day all the inhabitants of a hamlet
assemble early in the morning,-and with carts
containing baskets, tubs and casks,- proceed
to gather ail the grapes, sound, and in every
stage of decay, in large tubs, resembling in size
and cleanliness, the tubs in which hogs are
scalded and dressed in America. When the
tubs are sufficiently filled with grapes, spiders’
webs and flies, a lad jumps into it and drawing
up his pantaloons to his middle commences,
with his bare feet, and others with barnyard
shoes, to jump upon the grapes, &. force the
juice through the holes in the centre of the
bottom of the tub, into a large tunnel, which is
inserted in a cask. When the cask is filled,
it is rolled away and carted to the village,
from whence it goes to the wine merchant, &.
is manufactured, by which means it is adulter
ated and sent to the market.” Not hing can be
more filthy and nauseating, than the dirty
slovenly w r ay it is made, unless it may be the
water back of Albany, of which Mr. Delavan
proved they made strong beer. Could wine
drinkers, who so much extol the cookroach
flavor of their Wine in our country, once real
ized that it probably is the spider flavor, they
would loathe what they call the purej net ice of
the grape. It is a well known fact, that no
pure wine is exported from wine counties.
UNITED STATES CENSUS.
The following from the Madisonian, is the
most complete account of the Census that has
yet appeared. It wil l oeseen that we number
more than 17,0011,090 soais.
States. Vopvlation.
Maine, 501,793
N. Hampshire, 284 574
Massachusetts*. 737,693
Connecticut, 310,015
Rhode Island, >08,830
Vermont, 29 T,948
New York, 2,428,921
New Jersey, 373,306
Pennsylvania, >,724,022
Delaware, 78,085
Maryland-, 469,232
Virginia, 1,239,797
South Carolina, 594,398
Mississippi, 375,651
Tennessee, 829 210
Florida, 54,207
D. of Columbia, 43,712
North Carolina, 753,110
Georgia, *677,197
Alabama, f599,846
Louisiana, 351,176
Kentucky, i.776,397
Ohio, “ 1,519,467
Indiana, 593,314
Illinois, 474,404
Missouri, 381,102
Arkansas, 95,642
Michigan, 211,805
Y\ isconsin, 30,752
knva, 53,008
17.100,572
* Returns from 9? counties wanting, 7 o
which contained in 1830,55,881,
t Returns from 5 counties not indoded.—
Four of the five counties contain, according to
the Marshal’s returns, 85,701.
t Returns from Garter county wanting.—
The amount of population in 7 counties of
Georgia in >B3O, and that of 4counties of A1
abama, mentioned in this note, are included in
the sum total*
Prittce Esterhazy.— At the time this
Prince visited Dublin, an English Journal
made the following remarks: Dublin has
now to boast the presence, not merely of the
richest subject, but of the richest family, we
may safely say, on the face of the earth f—that
of the Prince Esterhazy, A nbassador of his
majesty the Emperor of Austria, to the court
of London. This great and affluent family
enjoys a revenue exceeding 500,000 pounds
sterling per annum. The very dress in
which this prince basvi-dted the several courts
of Europe is valued at 1,000,000 pounds ster
ling,—his coat alone at 200,0001 —the hilt of
his sword at 100,0001 —We have tlie author
ity of sir Waller Scott, for saying that every
time the Prince wears ,bis costly dress, the
loss in diamonds and peat Is thart fall from it,
may fairly be estimated at from 100 to 200
pounds. On the occasion of the Coronation,
we have it from the same authority, that the
Princess was literally covered with diamonds.
She wore as many as if they had been Bristol
stones. To describe tbe splendor of the
eqnipnges of Prince Rderliazy, his numerous
retinue, his grand establishment, his amazing
and unbounded wealth, would tax credulity.
The dignity and wealth of his powerful family,
influenced a demeanor remarkable only for its
elegance and suavity f He is, we believe
Hungarian. His daily income is upwardsof
06,000. —N. Y. Times.
We feel gratified losee lhal tlie Savannah
and August* papers have invited the attention
of the travelling public, lor heahlior p'easure,
to the interior of their own State. Besides
the grea*r saving in expense—not an unim
portant item at the present time—we venture
to'assert'with confidence, that there is hardly
any part of the United Stales that abounds
in more beautiful scenery, or affords a more
bracing and salubrious atmosphere, than the
Western part of Georgia. It only needs to
be visited, for the fact to he admitted; and
once Visited by our Southern and Eastern
citizens, will ensure to it an importance not
usually hitherto appreciated. Both Gaines
ville and Clarksville, handsome lit lie villages,
in viewed the mountains,together with many
other pleasant places, abound in tlie advanta
ges usually derived at such retreats. Every
necessary arrangement is making, as will be
seen by Mr. Thornton’s advertisement, par
ticularly in the former place, to administer to
the comfort and entertainment of society.—
Southern Recorder, May 25.
tT. S. Bank.—The Journal of Commerce
estimates that four sevenths o ft he stock of the
U. Bank, is held in Europe, and if the stock
is considered worth S2O per share the loss from
par will be as follows :
To the American stockholders, 812,205,620
Foreign do $15,804,000
Total loss, 828,009,920
It is to be considered however, that many of
the owners of the stock purchased it at a pre
mium of 20 per cent; and also, that instead
of dividing 20 per cent on the stock, the chan
ces are that the stockholders will never realize
one cent per share.
In this case the foreign stockholders
will lose $20,000,000
American stockholders $25,000,000
$35,000,000
Besides the premium which may have been
paid on the purchase of the stock.—Albany
Argus.
VOL. I. NO. 17.
1 rom thr Clm lt-sion Nlercurv, May £4.
THE STATE OF NEW YORK vs. ALEX.-
AIcLEOD.
This case was brought up for argument
hefore the Supreme Court of New Y'ork on
Monday, ami the argument was continued
Tuesday and Wednesday. The question
belbre Ihe Court is whether there are suffi
cient grounds for the discharge of McLeod
without trial. The following extract exhibits
ihe leading points made by the counsel on*
both sides :
When the counsel for the prisoner had read
all the documents they considered necessary,-
Mr. Wood, of counsel (i>r the people, stated
the grounds of the demurrer, which areas
follows:
1. Because ihe attack on ihe steamboat
Caro ine, a boat owned by a citizen of the
United States, unconnected with the insur
gents of Navv Island, and navigating the
waters of the Niagara river, under a license
from the United States government, and en
gaged for aught that appears in a legal busi
ness, was made whilst she Was moored at
Schlosser, in the State of New York, and
without ihe juiisdiction of the Province of
L pper Canada.
2. Because neither the Governor of Upper
Canada nor Cel. Allen McNab had any power
or authority to send men into ibis State to
destroy tbe boat; and all those acting under
sueb unlawful orders are individually respond
sible lor their acts*
3. Because Amos Durfee, for the murder of
whom the prisoner stands indicted, was a
peaceable citizen of the United States, and
within the jurisdiction of tfiis Stale, uncon
nected with the insurgents on Navy Island,
and guilty of no offence against the laws ot>
this Slate or of the United States, nor against
the rights of Great Britain-, and was killed
upon the main land in this State, after having
left the boat and was flying unarmed and un
resisting from tbe assailants, after they were
in possession of the boat, and the assau.t upon
whom by the prisoner was neither directly or
necessarily connected with the destruction of
the Caroline, nor necessary to the defence ot
the territories of Great Britain nor the pro
tection of her subjects.
4. Because the matters set forth in the alle
gations of the prisoner do not tend to estab
lish that the prisoner Was exempt from the
arrest, nor that the commitment or detention
are or have been illegal, but that the same, so*
far as ihey are pertinent to the issue between
the people and prisoner, apply exclusively t
the question of his guilt or innocence, which is
not now before the court.
Because it appears by the Sheriff’s return
that the prisoner is imprisoned and detained
on an indictment for murder to which he hag*
pleaded not guilty, and the court cannot in
vestigate the truth of such indictment or
plea,
Mr. Hall then informed the Court that as
lie had not expected the question an the dis
charge of the prisoner to come up this morn
ing he was not prepared on the general merit*
of the case. He therefore requested until
this morning for time to more particularly e*’
amine the question.
The further hearing of the case was then
adjourned to this morning.
The following are the points made for tbff
prisoner on ihe Habeas Corpus:
The attack and destruction of the Caroline
was an act of the public force done by the
command of the British Government. AH
that the prisoner did m it, if any thing, he did
by command of his superior officer and ire
obedience to his own government. For act*
done under such authority he is not responsi
ble personally or individually to any court of
law whatever,
The Supreme Court lias jurisdiction to try
the oflence charged in the indictment and
may order it to be tried at bar. It lias juris
diction, therefore, to give advice and grant
leave to the District Attorney, to order a nolle
prosequi upon the indictment.
The right to enter such nolle prosequi pre
vious to the enactment of the revised statutes,
was alone vested in the Distiict Attorney, or
Attorney General. It was then and now lhe r
executive power of the government influenced
by considertaions of sound policy and wise’
expediency. The same reason which would
induce the law officer of the government to
interpose to prevent a trial ought to and will
induce the Court to advise and allow the same
thing to be done.
Redress for this forcible and hostile inva
sion of the territory of the United States, the
destruction ol property and the killing of our
citizens, was at an early day demanded of the
British government by the government of the
United Slates, and the whole matter is still in
the course of treary between them, with a
view to a full and just settlement. The State
of New York therefore cannot discieetly or
lawfully interpose its jurisdiction and take
cognizance of any portion of this public ol
lehce against the entire American nation.—
It is the exercise of an authority by the State
repugnant to the constitution and laws of the
United States, and brings t'he two jurisdic
tions in collision and conflict.- Its tendency is l
to thwart the constitutional exercise of the
treaty-making power of the United States,
and thus to involve the two countries in war*
5. By the constitution of the United States,
tlie poster to declare war, make peace, and
generally to superintend the foreign relations
of our country, belongs to Congress, or the
general government*.
That act in which McLeod is alleged to*
have participated beingthe exercise of the pub
lic force of Great BriVa in, and of a hostile char
acter, becomes the subject of reclamation, re
prisal and war on the partolthe government
of the United States, as it shall see fit ; or it
may demand acknowledgment, reparation or
indemnity for the oflence and injury, and
thereupon acknowledge itself satisfied. Any
intei Terence of tlie State authority will be and
is incompatible with the exercise of these high
powers.
6. If tbe alleged offences were cognizable
bv tbe Courts ot the United States, the trial
of tbe individaal would be wholly incompati
ble with ihe periling negotiations between the
two governments, and alike unworthy of the
honor and dignity of both.
7. Had the attack been made upon a port
or an arsenal, in tlie District of Columbia or
other place within tbe jurisdiction of the
Courts of the United States, and an indict
ment had h en found- in such Court, thr
ground of discharge would have been the
same then as now. If then the United Slates
Courts ought to forbear to prosecute tl e in
dividuals. so ought now the Stale o’ New
York.
8. The foregoing are believed- to be the
sound views ol the subject,, and satislactorilv
shows that this Court should discharge the
prisoner.—Journal of Comtnetee.
I he Supreme Court has deterred its deci
sion in the above case until the next regular
term of the Court. In the meantime, McLcd
remains in the custody of the Sheriff of the
City and County of New York.—Ed. Times.
Property ix Massachusetts. —ln 1829,
the real and personal property of Massachu
setts, was valued at $206,000,000. In 1839,
at $300,000,000. The valuation of Boston
for 1839, was $109,000,000.