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From the franklin Gazette.
MY NATIVE VILLAGE.
to the v;ille\, and niiM-mantltd mountain,
■I I Inise scenes of my chiltlhood, to memory dear;
to the cot, by tlie favorite fountain,
Where simplicity dwells, with affection sincere!
‘ ,av 1 wandered, a stranger to pleasure,
And far from the valley and mountain did roatti;
Eujnit ’er b ivt I foundawcetcontentment'srich treasure:
It du 11s unconcealed in mv own native home.
How oft, w hen sweet slumber my eye-lids enclosing,
With joy to the streamlet and dell would I fly I .’
And fancy, on scenes of affection reposing,
Dwelt there with fond transport, but woke with a
sigh!
0! dear to the soul is the secret emotion,
Which the loved recollection of joys ever move;
is the tear, which the heart’s fond devotion
“YTrstowb to the memory of infantile lov e.
f ntre 1 tin would I wander, a stranger to sorrow,
A\ here the woodbine entwines, and the wild roses
bloom;
Confiding with heaven the cares of the morrow,
Till the faint blush of twilight should beam on my
tomb!
v Hail’ to the valley, and mist-mantled mountain,
ft Those scenes of my childhood, to memory dear;
Blail! to the cot, bv the favorite fountain,
Where simplicity dwells with affection s’ncerc!
f ,J!T)wcctlancous.
P CONGO negroes!
I VKOM THE LONDON QUARTERLY REVIEW.]
Few of the villages seen along the line of the
Zaire contained more than a hundred huts; these
were mostly placed amidst groves of the palm
and adaiisonia. They consist generally of six
pieces; the better kind being constructed of
tpalrti leaves matted together with considerable
1 skill; their bedding is also of palm leav es, as are
■ their baskets: they Lave gourds or calabashes
Hot bowls, earthen vessels for boiling theii victu-
D v and wooden spoons for eating them. A
By* of bast or of grass matting, bound round
B a iKmis, is their omy c iothing; but the women
W ar rings and bracelets of beads or cowrie
■ elis, or the seeds of certain plants: their ca-
Kuos arc the hollowed trunks of the bombax or
Holton tree, each being from twenty to tvventy-
Bur feet long, and from eighteen to twenty in-
r wide., A rude hoe, or piece of iron struck
ugh i sliort wooden handle, is the implement
|B use for agricultural purposes. The climate
Bso lute i u little is required beyond that of
th ; seed into the ground; and so tempe-
Bite, that all the European fruits, grains, and
■ culinary vegetables might here flourish toge-
Ither. ‘The winter,’ says the missionary Carii,
‘of the kingdom of Congo is the mild spring or
autumn of Italy; it is not subject to rains, but
every morning there fails a dew which fertilizes
the earth.’ Captain Tuckey found the atmos
h>hcre ‘cool, dry, and refreshing;’ the sun so scl
ifom shining out, that for four or live days toge
lyti’ ti‘ y were unable to get a correct altitude.
Fmbotnma upwards the tempeiature sel-
Bnn exceeded 76 by day, and w as sometimes as
IT .v us 60 by night.
ft Fine, however, as the climate certainly is, it
|p ver} where very apparent that the gem mi con-
Ition of the people was that of extreme poverty,
he population too was far more thiniv Scatter-
the banks of the river than could have
hue vast massi s nf penpie m,u-
ly Carii. Meroila, air! must of tlie mis-
BBV s, had iK#* in jMr- p (.1 tin
: and 11 ilia!
|||l§l fu dons, unless we eiv ,• lh.it, in
ggW'iir; >’l two i,l]li a .;
1 ,s ‘■•t''me ifcivi sWp- them aw a\.
BjWi oumry, liowev :-r, was evidently improv-
Sm-' I'’ 1 '’ ‘ in appearance and population, where
HBtam Tuckey’s party were compelled to übau-
Qbiuic further prosecution of the journey.
BBhc blinks of the Zaire are not the part of
where tiic siave trade at present is carri
||Bpn with much activity: on the first arrivai of
tlnce Portuguese sdtooiiers and
pinnaces Enitoimimjituid a si iioon
jflßßmdci Spanish English mate 1
ol the name slipped out
■ river as tlie it. The chiefs
Ie all intent on
olated
the objects expedition; one of
■ ame to
li come
t w ould
es are
aken in
mch as
iled in
ery ex
objects
rs; but
ivery is
3 afford
i in this
r. Fitz
, a man
lie was
ve-ship
ut that,
of him
her ce
if Con
as that
1 strumming on somwx —, iw,,.,, .
they exert
moonlight. They aret 1 ’ // .
lively and good Mad id, duly
ers, and ready at all tiiTi# ;ia dstar , -ion rapidly tßg|
with the passing travelloi ß sc ’ arc * n ic * r uwnj
low state of civilization, governmu^
could liave been expected.
neither so strong nor their as
t iose of the more northern negroes, and they are
said to indicate great simplicity and innocence.
The discovery of some burnt human bones, and
skulls hanging on the bran hes of trees, on the
first entering of the party into the river, made an
injurious impression on those who landed, as in
dicating the practice of eating human flesh; but
it was soon discovered that this was the place of
public execution. Nothing could be more ab
horrent from their practice; and, in fact, a negro
cannibal, we verily believe, does not exist.
We cannot be surprised that a people so ig
norant should be superstitious. Every one w ears
about him, and keeps also in his dwelling, a
charm against evil, and there is nothing so vile
; in nature that does not serve for a negro’s fe
! tic he; —the horn, the hoof, the hair, the teeth,
and the bones of all manner of quadrupeds-—the
feathers, beaks, ( laws, skulls, and bones of birds
—tlie heads and skins of snakes—the shells and
fins of fishesr—pieces ot old iron, copper, w ood,
seeds ol plants—and sometimes a mixture of all
or most ol them strung together on the same
string. They are generally guided, however,
by the priest in the choice of a fetiche as a pro
tection against any particular danger; and if it
should unfortunately happen that tlie wearer pe
rishes by the very means against which the charm
had been adopted, it is not lor want of power in
the fetiche, but lor tlie possessor having offend
ed it. On this account, when a man has prede
termined to commit an act, which may be dis
pleasing to his fetiche, or which his conscience
tells him he ought not to do, he lays aside his
guardian deity, and covers him up, tiiat he may
not behold the wickedness which he is about to
commit. This may be superstition; but is not
confined to the African savage. Louis the Ele
venth, a faithless, rapacious and cruel despot, is
said to liave covered his whole body with relicks
and scaptilaries, to which some, supposed virtue
was attached; but his favorite fetiche was a leaden
image of the Virgin, which he always wore on
ids hat, and such was the veneration which this
tutelary guardian exacted from the monarch,
that, whenever he was about to perform a wick
ed or unjust act, he always put it aside. It is
worthy ol remark that the word fetiche, which
extends throughout the whole of the negro coast,
is Portuguese— -fetijo, a charm or witchcraft;
and we perhaps snail not be tar amiss in suppos
ing tins nation to have encouraged, rather than
used a.iy endeavor to suppress, the supersiious
notions of th ignorant natives
1 lie language ,of Congo, it would apppear
from some observations ol Mr. Marsden, extends
quite at loss the continent, and many of its words
arc found to correspond not only with the lan
guage ot Musamoique, but also with that of the
Cass res, near tne Cape ol Good Hope* but it does
not appear to possess any of* that complicated
mechanism which some authors liave assigned it,
or to nave required that ‘meditative genius, for
eign to the habitual condition of the people,’
which Maitc-Biun seems to have discovered in
its> consuution.
Black \ omit. — Mr. Edward Williams adver
tises, in a late New-Orleans paper, that he has
been cured of the black vomit, by taking two
spoonfuls of new'milk, with a spoonful of lime
water, and a glass oi Cliampaigne, once an hour
for four hours!
3LnrcUiocncc.
SOUTH AMERICA.
From the Democratic J'i-csk.
“St. Thomas, 12th September, 1818.
•‘ Admiral Brioh with his fleet, and Bermudas
with his army, have lately taken La Guira, and
with concentrated forces are about to march
along the coast to attack Cumana.
“Bermudas is at Cariaco, between Corupano
and Cumana, about five Spanish leagues distant
from the latter place, w hich he will attack as
soon as Brion is ready to co-operate from the
sea side. This news has been communicated
to me by persons on whom some reliance can
be placed. At the same time Morillo is attack
ed on all sides in the interior, so that at a time
when the royalists thought to rest and prepare
for the next campaign, they are, notwithstanding
the rallies are under water, attacked in their
very fortresses, This vigorous and bold con
duct on the side of the Patriots, is said tc be sole
ly ow ing to their chiefs having come to a good
understanding with one another, and seen at last
the ne< essily of a perfect union, to which may be
added the considerable supplies in arms and am
munition w hich they have lately received from
England.
“An officer in the patriot army writes from Au
gustus on the 10th of last month, “That Mari
“no, who hitherto had acted independent of Boli
“var and others, had acknowledged Bolivar as
“chief of the republic, as all the other Patriot gen
erals had done before, and that he had joined
“hearty in the general plan of attack with his
“1500 well disciplined troops. Paiz is at Fer
“nandez de Apura w ith 2000 men, amongst them
“300 English cavalry. Peres is now in the plains
“of Varinas w ith 2000 men. Sarassa with about
“2000 men chiefly cavalry, in the plains of Ca
“raccas, who are every where harassing the Span
iards notwithstanding the inundations. Prison
ers arc brought in here daidy, and if the present
is follow ed up, the royal army will soon be
Ib rmudasisto act with Brion on the
Poii\ ar b collecting iu ;v . ■ and -n ■ I
- • •• •• - , .
S reat number of foreign officers are |
from all parts of the world.—
are in general treated here very bad
body, (with the exception of the corps
gßp the brave Paiz) but particularly so the
on account of their arrogant pretensions,
bad conduct. Colonel Wilson, an English
“man, has htely been condemned to imprison
ment for life, it having been proved that lie at
tempted to persuade general Paiz to separate
“from Bolivar; he has been sent to the fort at
“Guyana.”*
“Ts all these accounts are true, I have very little
doubt, that if the Patriot chiefs remain united,
Venezuela will be cleared of the royalists in the
course of the next campaign, unless they should
receive strong reinforcements from old Spain,
which, however, is not likely. I understand
there is a proclamation in town made by Bolivar,
as chief the republic, dated 15th August, in which
he promises victory, &c. and calls on all patriots
for a cordial co-operation, particularly on the
people of Grenada, which he intends to attack.—
May it please the Almighty soon to stop the hor
rible bloodshed in these unfortunate provinces.
“A few days ago arrived here, captain Brown,
of the schooner Eliza, of New-York; this schoon
er was hound from here to Rio de la Hatcha or
St. Martha. Near the coast she was overhaul
ed by a royal Spanish privateer, commissioned
by the governor of Rio de la Hatcha, who wan
tonly fired into her after having taken in ail sail.
While the captain was in his boat, going from
his schooner on hoard the privateer, they were
pouring volleys of musketry at him, and on board
ing the Eliza, one of the Spaniards deliberately
tookaim at and shot a Mr. Williams, part owner of
the Eliza, through the heart!! ! They then plun
dered the vessel, and carried her into Rio de la
Hatcha, where captain Brown made a protest,
and got part of the things stolen from him restor
ed; his schooner was so torn to pieces, that he
had to sell her. I understand captain Brown
has made the proper communications to the pre
sident of the United States, and I hope such a
foul murder will not be suffered to pass, without
proper satisfaction being given, and the injury as
far as possible redressed to the family of this un
fortunate man.”
*< )ur correspondent subjoins a note, that since the re
ceipt ofthe letter he has quoted, they had accounts that
Colonel W illiunis had been shot.
FROM THE PACIFIC.
Extract of a letter dated Valparaiso, sth ,May , 1818, to a
merchant in York.
The United States’ sloop of war Ontario, cap
tain Biddle, returned here a few days ago from
Lima, with judge Prevost on board, who accom
panied captain Biddle in his mission, also some
patriot officers, who are to be exchanged for a
like number of Spaniards, taken at the battle of
Maipo. This is the first regular exchange that
has taken place since the revolution, in this coun
try, and it is certainly owing to the humane inter
ference of captain Biddle and judge Prevost.—
By the Ontario, the loss of the battle of Maipo
was first known, and which dismayed the citizens
of Lima, as they had been led to believe that the
army of general Osoro would soon reconquer
Chili, as no expense had beeft spared in equip
ping it. They alone contributed one and a haif
millions of dollars. The;viceroy at Lima treated
the officers with marked attention—surrendered,
at the first demand, the Americans who had been
so long confined in prison—and what is very sin
gular, and so highly honorable to captain Biddle,
he gave an order, that the American vessels then
in tlie ports of Chili might sail, and should not be
molested by the royal cruisers. How flatteiing
to our national glory, that a small ship, so far dis
tant from the United States, can accomplish such
important things: it speaks more than volumes
could do in favor of our gallant and rising navy:
and how galling to the pride of the English who
so lately pretended to be indignant at the conduct
of the royal squadron then blockading this port,
in permitting the Ontario to enter! Commodore
Bowles, ofthe Amp h ion frigate, alleging it was
t hereby violated, and, in future, that the English
should not respect it. We now see this same
vessel returning from Lima with Americans forc
ed from a Spanish dungeon; patriot officers to
be exchanged, which, in part, is acknowledging
their government; an order from the viceroy that 1
our vessels might sail from a blockaded port with
out dread of molestation from the royal cruisers;
and all this after this same vessel rescued from
the guns ofthe frigate Venganza, the brig Ariel
of Baltimore, who certainly would have been cap
tured. The English are extremely mortified !
that so much lias been performed by a single
sloop of war, and particularly as they joked so
much when the vessel first arrived. The day is
not far distant when we shall act that conspicu
ous part which nature has destined us to perform;
and those English writers who are paid to \ ilify our
country, will see that we do not over-rate our re
sources: even within the last six years our hopes
did not anticipate what we now witness. The
government are entitled to great credit in send
ing a ship of war to these seas, and giving the
command to so distinguished an officer as cap
tain Biddle, who, by his correct conduct, com
mands the respect of all. Independent of all the ad
vantages stated, the Ontario’s being in those seas,
has saved a million of dollars to the United States.
If general St. Martin had been enabled to fol
low up his victory, there is no question but Peru
must have fallen; it is however an event not far
distant. There is a great want of money here,
which paralizes the operations of the government.
St. Martin is now at Buenos Ayres, supposed
for the purpose of obtaining means to adv ance
towards Peru. The Patriots have the command
of the seas; they have lately received from Eng
land a large ship, very far heavier than any which
the Spanish have in these seas. Only one fourth
the cost was paid in cash; they have a long cred
it on the balance. Arms and ammunition are
constantly arriving from England: indeed there is
more than can find a market.— Van Advocate.
S
EXPEDITION TO THE YELLOW STOf?E. *
On Sunday, the 30th instant, a'battalion of the
rifle regiment, 30Ci strong, embarked at Belle
Fontaine to ascend the Missouri river to th
mouth ofthe Yellow Stone. The expedition is
commanded by lieutenant colonel Talbot Cham
bers. The captains Martin, Magee and Riley;
the lieutenants Shade, Clark, Cavenaugh, Fields,
and Francis Smith, go out with their respective
companies. It is intended that the expedition
shall encamp during the winter at the mouth of
the Kanscs; and continuing its voyage in the
spring shall reach its point of destination in the
course of next summer.
The Yellow Stone enters the Missouri in lati
tude 48 degrees north; and in longitude 27
grees west from Washington City. The intend- ‘
ed post will be at its mouth. The United States
will then have a military establishment one thou
sand eight hundred miles west of the Mississippi,
and nearly one hundred miles further north than
the city of Quebec. The officers carry with
them the seeds and grains which are expected
to thrive in that climate, that the post may have
within itself some resource against the failure nf
contractors. Wheat, rye, barley, oats, are ex
pected to do well there. They attain perfec
tion even atthe earl of Selkirk’s establishment on
lake Aasiniboin , three degrees further north.—-
1 he Mandan corn will find itself in its own cli
mate at the mouth of the Yellow Stone. In fact
all the grains, plants and vegetables which flour
ish at Quebec or Montreal may be expected to
be raised there, as the climate in that interior re
gion of the North American continent is known
to be near ten degrees milder Ilian in the same
parallel on the Atlantic coast.
Our fellow citizen, Manuel Lisao , so well
known for his enterprize, will precede the expe
dition, to prepare the Indians for its reception.
He will quiet their apprehensions by shewing
the benevolent and humane intentions of the
American government; and will silence the Bri
tish emissaries who shall represent the expedi-
I tion as an act of war against the Indian nations.
1 he establishment of this post will be an era
in the history of tlie west. It will go to the
: source and root of the fatal British influence
i which has for so many years armed the Indian
nations against our western frontiers. It carries
the arms and power of the United States to the
ground which has heretofore been exclusively
occupied by the British North West and Hud
son s Bay companies, and which has been the
true seat ol the British power over the Indian
mind. Now the American arm and the Ameii
[ can policy will be displayed upon the same thea
tre. Ihe North West and Hudson’s Bay com
panies will be shut out from the commerce of
i tfie Missouri and Mississippi Indians, the Ame
rican traders will penetrate in safety the recesses
; the Rocky mountains in search of its rich fur;
| a commerce yielding a million per annum will
descend the Missouri; and tlie Indians finding
their wants supplied by American traders, their
domestic wars restrained by American policy,
will learn to respect the American name.
I lie name of the Yellow Stone river will here
after be familiar to the American ear. That a
stream ot its magnitude should heretofore have
been so little known is a proof of the immensi
ty of our country. How little has it been
thought that, 1800 miles up the Missouri, a river
was to be found equal in length and breadth to
the Ohio? Yet such is the character of the Yel
low Slone, or Roche Jaune , as it was called by
the French. One of its branches, the Ilig Hoen ,
issues from a lake near the Rio del JYorte , on the
confines of New-Mexico, and is navigable for
many miles. The Yellow Stone itself issues from
a iakein the Rocky mountains. It was descend
ed by captain Clark on his return frorfi the Paci
fic ocean. He found it deep, rapid, and naviga
ble from the place where he struck it to its
mouth, a distance of 850 miles. Below the junc
tion of the Big Hoen the width was usually from
500 to 800 yards, and sometimes a mile. Innu
merable were the herds of buffaloe, and.
game, which ranged upon it. This abundance’
of game is a proof of the richness of the coun
try. In fact, the traders speak ofthe face of the
country upon the Yellow Stone , the serenity of
the climate, the rapidity and clearness of the wa
ters, in terms of admiration.— St. Louis Enquirer ,
September 4.
By the Quebec papers its appears that three
hundred and thirty-six vessels, bringing eight
thousand four hundred and thirty-two new settlei s,
have already arrived at that port during the pre
sent season.
Mr. David Lenox, the president of the Phi
ladelphia bank has announced to the board of di
rectors of that bank his determination to retire
from the office of president on the 31st Decem
ber next. —* —
COLONIZATION OF TIIF. BLACKS.
The secretary of the American Colonization
society has received a letter from the reverend
C. Burgess, surviving agent of the institution,
informing of tlie favorable results of the voyage
to the coast of Africa—Mr. Burgess remarks
in his letter: “I have only to say at present,
that, if the free people of color of the Unitee
States are disposed to remove to Sherbro, therd
are great tracts of uncultivated land which may
be purchased at a moderate price, and that if
they behave well, they may live there with the
most perfect safety.” —•Raleigh fiafier.
EXECUTED
WITH NEATNESS AND DISPATCH
AT
€f)e offxct
OF TI’E
