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■ DARIEN - mSt G AZETTE.
Vnl fII
I Darien <oa3ette
.i.VD PUBLISHED
BY
■ >g. F. GKANDISON’.
I (ON THE BAY)
fier annum, jvincible in advance.
If
18/Vom f/ie Constitutionalist.
ik PRINTER)
il| The fallowing tract
IB ruitivation of the vine by T.
[Hack, Esq. was republished at the
|Bst of Kiac B igs. Several geu
|Hii of distinction are of opinion it
Ijßlesd to a more effectual way of
|kg Vineyaids in this contry.
[Hat our country is naturally fitted
tß.n purpose is undeniably evi ent,
IMUie spontaneous production of the
[3 in every part of the sea coast,
to Maine, and to the
|Stards as far as we know any thing
>FiB productions.
Hhichis the best of these grapes re
gHs to be inquired: but it <s ascei
ktl that several kinds of them are
Hior for wine, 10 any of those call
■uiopean grapes, hitherto impor-
Hto this country. For example
Bor bullet grape of Carolina, the
Hn grape of Virginia, and Coopers
Be of New Jersey; all of which
■ our climate perfectly well with-
Hovering; and their fruit not being
Bed by frost, as all the European
Hes are known to he, is improved
I slight frost. Os the E . lopean
■es the downey leafed vines have
Hnponant advantage, that the down
■res them from the ravages of the
B>"£- These grapes are the “Mil-
Bt/rgundy” the “White Mnillo”
Bhove all othe"s the “Genuine To
■ which to the advantage of the
B leaf, adds that of producing the
■wine in the world; and growing
It or ten degrees further north than ,
Ire, may be relied on to stand our >
late as well as our own vines Thus
nr preface—what follows may be
lidered as a simple plain lesson,
lit shall be ihe consideration ot a
■e vine, because if the cultivation
lie vine is well understood the ap-
Btionofihai knowledge to any num
lis an operation of plain common
B. In February take a single joint
Be vine you choose; the genuine
■ay if you can find it, cut it off half
Bh above the eye, and again ai two
Bes below the eye, cover each end
■ a sticking plaster of any kind, and
Hit in a pot ol garden mould (a-
I six inches in diameter and ungla
■} The eye of tlie cutting must be
Bred with earth and then watered
Bttle the ground; after this, lay
■an inch of hotse dung on the sur
■to keep it from becoming dry and
B Piace the pot in your hot bed,
Bared for raising your cabbage
Bs, whenever that is ready. The
■ will require no further care than
■extended to your cabbage plants,
■ore than one shoot rises from the
I rub off all but the strongest; about
■first of June turn out the vine from
Boland set it in your garden or at the
I or north end of your house, whre-
Bit can beprotteced from violence.
Bill grow in any soil, but like any
B’ plant will thrive best in the rich-
Boils. When first removed, water
Ia distance from the plant so as to
B the earth towards the plant,instead
■ washing the ground from it. If
1 water it afterwards, pour the wa-
Ia trench at least 18 inches from
I plant; lor unless this precaution
ised, watering does more harm than
id, and does mostinjuty in the dri
time. As the vine shoots up it
st be supported from falling.
other care than keeping the
und clear of weeds is necessary dur
the first summer. In November,
ight covering of straw or corn
Its is beneficial in preventing a
!2 ' n g and tljawingjjof the vine. In
iruary it must be trimmed; and
e commences what I conceive to be
sole difficulty in cultivating the
e viz: to determine at which of the
!S it is to be cut off. What is here
>it to be said deserves the more at
■ion, as it applies to every succeed
cuuing of the vine in every stage
D V.RIEA , (uEOttGIA,)
ofils existence, goes directly to the
ground and piinciple of its cultivation,
and will not be found in any author who
has written on the subject.
Every joint of a grape vine has its)
own separate pith Thfe most impor- {
tarn circumstance commences at the
lowest leaf, that nas a opposite j
to the leaf. A solid woouy substance
passing 1 1 om the leafto the clasper,!
through the vine and connecting them [
together, cuts off entirely the couitati-j
ni at ion between the pith aqd the joint |
below, with that of the joint next obove; j
and so on upwards at every joint •
through the whole length ol the vine. •
And it is a circumstance not iess im-;
portant to be known and kepi in mind;
that all the eyes below the first clas-;
per are formed in the bosom of small-!
er more feeble leaves; and that the’
base of these eyes does not extend a-j
cross the vine so as to emit ely cut off’
the pith of the joint below from that
of the joint next above it: these eyes
are therefore imperfect, and whene-j
ver you trim the vine, ought to Be rob
bed off.
If at the first trimming of the vine
1 we begin to apply piinciple above laid
i down, and it is here only, that there
can be any difficultv in tne application
of it; and this difficulty can only .vrise
from the circumstance of so very fee
ble a growth in the vine as not to have
produced a clasper in any part of it
which will seldom happen; but if it
should, the vine should be cut off half
an inch above the lowest strong full
eye; othei wise it is to becu 1 off half
an inch above uiefirs clasper, and in
both cases ail the eyes below ate
carefully to be rubbed off. The
eye thus left on, will sometimes pro
duce more than one shoot, in wnich
case all but the strongest should be
rubbed off’ and that supported from
falling down; which, except the keep
ing of the ground clear from weeds is
all the ca e necessary the first year.—
In November this shoot is again to be
covered as before directed, and in the
following February is again tobe cut
off just above the second lowest clas
per; that is, leaving on two eyes to
shoot this season, and again rubbing off
I ail the eves below the lowest clasper.
; B >th these shoots should be permitted
to grow to their utmost leng'h, which
if the soil be favorable will be verX
considerable, and there will be reason
to hope for fruit the next -eason.
Here you ought to be apprized that
the lowest clasper appears higher up on
some kinds of tne vine than others; on
some it appeals at the third leaf, on
some at the fourth and on some kinds
as high up as the fifth leaf, but the same
rule, is to be alike applied and all and
evei y eve below the lowest clasper is
to he rubbed off.
In the 3d February cutting, three eyet
on each shoot may be left on, and nos
more, however strong the shoot may
be. From this time forward all the side
branches ft om the shoots of t he year are
to be rubbed off, taking great care not
to injure the leaf from whence they
spring,'which is the nurse of the bud
at the root of its stem.
At the 4th time of cutting the vine,
and from that time forward it may be j
cut abort the last of October, four eyes j
on eac h shoot may be left, and at the sth ;
cutting five eyes mav be left on each j
shoot, but more than five eyes on a shoot j
ought never to be left on, even in the i
most vigorous state of growth at any j
age of the vine; for however pleasing;
the increase for the year may be, the J
injury therehy done to the vine will be
seen and lamented in the following and
probably many succeeding years.
If it be inquired why a single eye is
recommended, rather than a cutting of
16 inches long, it is replied, that roots;
shooting from a single eye are exlu- ;
sively from itself and are much the ;
strongest, and strike more directly i
downward: the shoot from it has less !
pith in it, the wood is firmer and shor- 1
ter jointed “and comes sooner into full
bearing, arid appears to be the most
hcaithy vine, and to those important
advantages may be truly added that a
thousand plants fit to set out, may be
raised from a single eye with less labor
and within iess space, either in a hot bed
or open ground, than a hundred plants
can be raised from long cuttings; which
have not that I know of, ode single ad
vantage in their favour: and in anew
country it is of no small consideration
that the same cjitting will produce five
times the number ol plants.
As to the manner of accommodating
your vine to its sitlation, an active im-j,
Cquat ana <£jract 3|uptice. TUESDAY, MARCH. 8, 18^5.
magniation would suggest a vluine on i
the subject and possibly, unluckilyjmiss
the only direction suited to the case; |
but fortunately, the last is that a very |
smalt snare of common sense, will in
all cases supply the deficiency,and v rjy j
little more will he tequired to apply j
; the principle and practice here iaid
| down to a hundred o” a thousand vines,
| whenever the people of the country
shall feel the advantage or necessity of
raising Vineyards for a suppW of wine
!wi hin ourselves. A few examples by
men of your standing will lead them
into practice in the only way in which
s we can hope for speedy success. And
I pledge myself to you who her you
; immediately succeed or not, you will
deiive a plesure from the attempt itself
I that shall amply satisfy you for every
’ expense of fnoney or time it shall cost
j you. Spouing with the long branches,
i bending them into festoons, and mark
ing the growth of the fine cluster from
tne upper bends, that in this way may
| be prserved and occasaionallv display
ing them at the festive board, nas the
happiest effect on the human mind—
such as Buonaparte never felt. These
are the proper play-things of great
men: had Gen. Washington to
this day I would have said to him“ one
thing thou lackest yet” in that after sav
ing a world from a polii cat deluge, thou
hast not planted a Vine-yard.
T. MALLACK.
Judge Peters.
QCj’So vine should have more than ten
shoots.
Mr. Bunce.
The importance attached
to the subject above treated, by such
distinguished individuals, makes it de
sirable that the true maner of trimming
orpiuning Vines, should be known;
and it is likely the want of success
here is entirely attributable to this
cause.
A SUBSCRIBER.
EXTRACT
From Mr. Biddle's Address befor the Fhili
delphia Society for promoting 1 Agriculture.
‘lf I have failed to prove, ’says Mr.
Biddle, ‘ that the pursuitsofagriculture
maybe as lucrative as other employ
ments, it will be an easier task to vin
dicate their plessures and tneii import
ance. I need not dwell on that retire
ment, one of the purest enjoyments of
this life, and the best preparation for
the furture; on those healthful occupa
tions, on that calmness of mind, on *hat
high spirit of manliness and independ
ence, which naturally belong to that
condition. These ate attractions which
must have been roots in the human
heart, since they have in all time s facin
ated once the imagination and won the
judgment of men. But I may he allow
ed 10 say, that, in this nation, agricul
ture is probably destined to attain its
highest honors, and that the country life
of America ought to possess peculiar
attractions. The pure and splendid in
stitutions of this people have embodied
the brightest dreems of those high
spirits, who in other times and in other
lands, have lamented or struggled a
gainst oppression; they have realized
the fine conceptions whieh speculative
| men have imagined, which wise men
planned, or brave men vainly pe ished
in attempting to establish. Their in
, fluence in reclaiming the lost dignity
|of man, and inspiring the loftiest feel
| ings of personal independence, may be
j traced in every condition of our citizens;
but, as all objects are most distinct by
insulation, their effects are pecularly
obvious in the country.
‘The American farmer is the exclu
aive, absolute, uncontrolled proprietor
of the soil. His tenure is not from the
government; the government derives its
power from him. There is nothing
above him but God and the laws; no
hereditary authority usurping the dis
tinctions of personal genius; no estab
lished church spreading its dark sha
dow between him and heaver.. His
frugal goverment neither desires nor
dares to oppress the soil; and the altars
of religion are supported only by the
voluntary offerings of sincere piety.—
His pursuits, which no perversion can
render injurious to any, are directed to
the common benefit of all. In multi
plying the bounties of Providence, in
the improvement and embelishment of
the soil in the case of the inferior ani
mals committed to his 1 charge, he will
find an ever varying & interesting em
ployment, dignified'by the union of the
liberal studies,enlivened by the exercise
of a simple and generous hospitality.
,Hia charater assumes a loftier influence
over the public liberty. It may not
be fo’etold 10 wuat dangers this coun
try is desdned, when its swelling poula
tion. its expanding territory, its daily
complicating interests,shall awake the
latent passions of men, and reveal the
vulnerable points of out institutions.—
But, whenever these penis come, its
most steadfast security, its unfailing re
liance, will be ontnat column of landed
propoi ietors—the men of the soil and
of the country—standing aloof from the
passions which agitate denser r.ommu
uitiv s, well educated, brave, and inde
pendent, the friends of the government
without solicting its favors, the advo
ca'es of the people without desending ?*>
flatter their passionsphese men nurtur
ed like theii own forests, may yet inter
pose between the factions of the coun
try, to heal, to defend, and to save.’
Communicated for the Nashville Ga
zette.
THE NOVICE,
No 2.
■ - Nune adhibe puro
Pect'tri verba, puer ; nune te melioribu3 offer
Quo semil est imbuta reams, servabit odoum
Testaihu
[Horace.
Now pliantly inure
Your mind to virtue,while your heart is pufe.
Now suck in wisdom, for the vessel, well
With liquor season’d long retains Ihe smell
[ Francis .
Man is endowed With faculties pe
culiar to himscif alone, and which ex
alts him above every other part of cre
ation He is capable oi reasoning, and
of deducing with clearness, effects
from the most abstruse and remote
causes. He possesses a mind for pry
ing inro the arcana of nature, and un
folding her mysteries The most diffi
cult philosophical questions are read
ily solved by the force of.his intellect,
and seem at once, to become plain and
simple. From a state of natire, rude
and uncultivated, he has advanced
step by step, until he has acquiied in
a good degree, correct notions of the
universe. Hebcholsthc beauty—the
otder, and the harmony of the works
of nature, and he uudei stands their uni
ty. Os all the beings that God has cie
ated, he alone is capable of distinguish
ing between good and evil—between
virtue and vice. There is something
implanted within his breast, that makes
him recoil at the very thought of com
mitting certain climes inimical to the
welfare of his fellow beings; and which
makes him view with horror and dis
gust, the perpetration of those crimes
by others; unless by being long accus
tomed to scenes of wickedness, his
heart has become insensible to. all the
natural feelings of humanity.
Then if man possesses such a superi
ority over every other part of creation,
the mind is at once led to conclude that
he was intended for purposes, far more
important—far more noble, than the
inferior orders of beings. Tiffs we are
taught “by the revelation w.hich God
has given to man.” But aside from
the light thus, afforded us, nature, rea
son and the inate principles of our own
breasts, all with one voice, proclaim
the truth of this position. We are
taught to believe that aftet we have ac
ted our part in “the drama of human
affairs.” we will have to act a part far
mote noble or far more wretched in a
future state; and that the happiness or
misery of futurity depends upon the
manner in which we acquit ourselves
here. < Hence then, the importance of
our pursuing such a course here, as
will insure happiness in a future exis
tence. ,
But to turn our attention to another
point. It is, I believe, a principle uni
versally conceded, that it is the duty
of each individual, to contribute as
much as may be within the reach of
his power, to the benefit—to the ad
vancement of the interest and welfare
of the society to which he belongs.—
Then, in order to do this, there is a
certain course of conduct necessary to
be addobted, which I believe every
man* common sense will point, out if
he will strictly attend to it. Every in
dividual has it in his power to contri
pute more or less to the public weal,
just as the God of nature may have en
dowed him with capacity. It is not
to be expected that every man can
make himself a philosopher a states
man, an orator, or a poet. Nor is it
expected every man can, if he pleases,
like a Newton “go to the utmost bar
riers of creation;” or reason with the
profoundity of a Lock; or with a Mil
ton “pass the bounds of flaming space.”
These men were possessed of minds of
a superior order-such as are rearly to
be found. But most men possess suf
ficient capacity to make lbemsehes
e .spec.labie, and become,useful in some
particular sphere, if they puisue pro*
per measures.
Here it is necessaty to r ma.k. that
notwithstanding the intellect >1 man,
he ap. ears 10 think, and to act in a
gteai degree from habit, and may per
haps be justly called a being oi habit.
Should any one be disposed to doubt
this principle, let him only observe tne
actions of man in his daily intercom se
with them. How often do we see men
attached to a certain sect of religion
ists—conforming to all their ceiemou
ies, and believing theirs the only ortho
dox religion, many b. cause they were
taught it in childhood. Being long
accustomed to their forms—their
thoughts having long run in the same
channel, it becomes entirely habitual.
! Asa farther illustration, how many
men do we see, who are addicted to
the vice of drunkenness fiom habit
Thcv commence by degress, but the
’ ofter.er they quaff the inebriating bowl,
the more then appetites crave it. It
at length becomes habitual. Just let
the most intempeiate man lestrain
himself to; a while; no matter how ar
duous it may at first be, he at length
finds he can’t do it without difficulty
Hence the influence of habit. If there
is any one who stil’ doubts the correct
ness of the principle, let him be con
vinced by taking a little notice of him
self. How many acts does he perform
through the day without ever thinking.
How naturally, and how regularly
does his mind recur to some particular
thing to which he has accustomed him
i self? Let him answer these ques
tions, and he will have little difficulty
in discovering my position to be cor
rect.
Then if men act so much from ha
bit, it will require no extraoi dinary ex
eition ol mental strength, to discover
the importance of forming correct ha
bits; and not oniy correct, but earlif
habits , in order that we may be ena
bled to accomplish the objects, lor
which we were brought into existence
and to discharge the obligations we are
under to society.
If a man expects to figure with any
tolerable degree ot applause in any
particular sphere, it is important that
he should, at an early period, nio.ild
his habits and mabneis to suit it. If
he expects to move in the higher c ir
cles of society, all will agree that he
should be educated with a view to that
object. For if you take a rustic who
has arrived at the years of maiuiiu,and
who has never been accustomed to any
society but that of the unpollished pea
santry of the country, and with all hia
awkwardness and vulgarity ot man
ners, place him in a drawing-room in
a polished assembly, he will make a
truly ridiculous appearance: noi will
he ever acquire that ease and smooth
ness of manne-s, possessed by those
who have been raised in the more pol
ished circles.
Then he who has any regard for his fu
ture welfare, has the good of his
country at heart, and he who looks for
ward to the period when he may have
it in his power to act a conspicuous
and and usetul part in the buisy scenes
of active life, should endeavor to lay
the foundation which- will remain un
shaken through every viscissitude,
while the mind is yet tender, and sus
ceptible of lasting impressions. And
the more so, in a country like ours,
where the distinction of nobility is un
known; where all, at their birth, are
on an equal footing; wheie worth is
rewarded, whether found “in the pal
ace or in the cottage;” where he who
has sprung from the deepest obscurity,
may obtain the highest that can
be conferred By his country, as the re
ward of his merit. Each one should
look forward to the attainment of some .
distinguished station, and his conduct
should comport'with the high object
in view. His motto should be, “Ak
mini et fiaterc asto ,” I stand to my
God and my country. In this way
he might reasonably hope for succes,
but should he fall short ot the distinc
tion to which he aspires, still he will
have formed such habits as will ensure
him, at least a respectable standing in
life.
It should be the object of parents,
and unquestionably it is their duty, to
endeavor to impress the youthful minds
of their rising sons and daughters, with
the highest veneration for virtue and
morality. The> should endeavor to
fashion their habits to most punctilious
/\ ‘o. 10.