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VOL. I.
lUigii
[From the Philadelphia Dollar Newspaper.]
T O A l T I M N.
BY M. WIIEELER.
Not like the gladsome summer comert thou,
O, autumn, bold—thou of the bended brow!
Thou comest like a messenger of death,
Killing the bright earth with thy frosty breath.
Over the mountains lone, sweeping along.
Thou eoine -t like the dread Ghoul with thy throng,
Feasting upon the tilings which died to hear
That thou was coming unto them so near.
Before thee fall the flowers of brighter days—
They wither at the coldness of thy gaze!”
Behind thee rise the spirits of despair,
They flourish wildly when the earth’s laid bare!
Oh! dark the clouds which hover o’er thy way,
Obscuring on the earth the sun’s bright ray;
But darker still the prospect here below,
Wherever thou dost wander to and i’ro.
i Solemnly old men sit by dying fire-i,
I l .util dark day in darker night expires—
J Sit and bemoan the fate ol olden time*,
Telling them o'er until the midnight chimes.
The gay of youth grow sad beneath thy frown,
And wander pensively with eyes cart down;
W coping—they scarce know why—with hearts of wo,
I And all accustomed pleasure* now forego.
Autumn! hold autumn! now away! avaunt!
Thou shalt no longer earth and heaven daunt.
Yet *t*y! not tunc.’ there shrills a louder cry!
It is the Winter King! J:c draweth nigh!
THE MORMONS,
A Discourse delivered before the ILs-
TOKit'AL Society cf Pennsylvania,
March 26, IS3O, by Thomas L. Kane.
Second Edition. Philadelphia: King
i & Baird, Printers.
A pungent, graphic \ indication of tho per
* sonal qualities of the Mormons, hv one who
| has lit ml among them, known them in their
j hour of persecution, anti experienced their
! virtues. The notices of the sect in this vivid
! discourse commence with the author's arrival
| at Nattvoo, immediately upon their expulsion
in 181(3. lie found remaining on an un
wholesome flat of the Mississippi, the last
relics of the sick, weak, or decrepid, neces
sarily left behind—all that was left, on t.iie
spot, of a population of twenty thousand
persons, ot the possessors in Missouri or Illi
nois of twenty millions of despoiled property.
The Mormon fortunes are traced from that
day—on the pYairie, in the wilderness, amid
the hardships of winter, in the desolation of
fever, in the camp, on the march, in acts of
suffering, in heroism, in mutual self-devotion
until the exultation of the promised land.
The Pilgrim Fathers of the East contend for
a title which falls inevitably to these peers of
the old Israelites, the V\ anderers over the
W ildcrncss of the West. They have been
literally strangers and pilgrims, have had their
cruel Pharaohs on waters sometimes compar
ed with the .Nile—the Mississippi. They
summoned their wives and children for es
cape, and like the nomades of the East, with
their flocks and their tents, and their little
ones, traversed the desert. Nerved by an
enthusiasm which only religious faith fan
supply, they conquered every privation. The
simplicity of their manners, their prudence,
their industry, the enduring virtues of disas
ter, have proved the conquering ones of peace.
The mountain-locked lakes of the Rocky
Mountains, with the connecting Jordan, are
their Palestine, where they sit down to build
up in great prosperity their New Jerusalem.
Should they bear wealth as they have borne
persecution, they will remain the most extra
ordinary people on this continent. They are
now in the first vigorous formative growth
of anew nation developed by a living princi
ple, and that principle is religious enthusiasm.
W hatever wretched associations there may
be connected with some of the forms and
pretences identified with the early history of
the Mormons, this principle is the sound leaven
of their character. It is of the faith which
“removes mountains.”
We must not seek to identify always tho
principal with the accessories. The purest
treasure of this kind, we are told, is commit
ted to “ earthen vessels.” The charity which
we allow to Heathendom, to Mussulmans, to
sects nearer home, should cross the Mississip
pi. \\ e tolerate communities of Shakers,
and respect their good deeds, honoring in
them the motive; but the Mormons, with
many of the peculiar virtues of the Shakers,
appear certainly a far more liberal and en
lightened body.
The basis of their system seems to be a
healthy love of industry, with a certain com
munity of feeling. The individual is strength
ened bv the mass. The most profitable in
vestment of labor is made by system and
union. The order of their equipments on
their long march secured the respect of the
Indians, who preferred to attack less compact
bodies. The captain over ten wagons obey
ed a captain of fifty, who himself submitted
to the ruler of a hundred or the High Council
of the Church. At an encampment well
ventilated squares and quadrangles were
formed. The streets between the outer rows
of wagons were shaded with arbor-work for
the shelter of invalids and the town promen
ade after the cheerful persevering toil which
ruled the day. The mechanical genius which
this sect possesses, secured by the handi
craftsmen of the Eastern States and England,
was constantly employed. A road four
hundred leagues in length has been laid out
through the Indian territory, says Mr. Kane,
“ with substantial well-built bridges, fit for
the passage of heavy artillery, over all the
streams, except a few great rivers, where
they have established permanent ferries.”
These labors wore encountered with the holi
day spirit of the voluntary toils of children.
“ Every day closed as every day began, with
an invocation of the Divine parent. They
had the sort of strong stomached faith that is
still found embalmed in sheltered spots of
Catholic Italy and Spain, with the spirit of
the believing or Dark Ages.” In sickness
and perils they were tried to the uttermost,
but faith and charity bore them through.
Our author presents ns with numerous
characteristic anecdotes, in picturesque terms.
This is his account of “the consecration of
the Nauvoo temple on the approach of the
threatened exile:
the temple at nauvoo.
“The Mormons outside Nauvoo were in
deed hard pressed; but inside the city they
maintained themselves very well for two or
three months longer.
“ Strange to say, the chief part of this
respite was devoted to completing the struc
; ture of their quaintly devised but beautiful
Temple. Since the dispersion of Jewry,
probably, history affords us no parallel to
the attachment ot the Mormons for this edi
fice. Every architectural element, every
most fantastic emblem it embodied, was as
sociated, for them, with some cherished fea
ture of their religion. Its erection had been
enjoined upon them as a most sacred duty :
they were proud of the honor it conferred
upon their city, when it grew up in its splen
dor to become the chief object of the admi
ration of strangers upon the Upper Mississip
pi. Besides, they had built it as a labor of
love; they could count up to half a million
the value of their tithings and free-will offer
ings laid upon it. Hardly a Mormon woman
had not given up to it some trinket or pin
money. The poorest Mormon man had at
least served the tenth part of his year on its
walls; and the coarsest artisan could turn to
it with something of the ennobling attach
ment of an artist for his fair creation. There
fore, though their enemies drove on them
ruthlessly, they succeeded in parrying the
last sword-thrust, till they had completed
even the gilding of the angel and trumpet
on the summit of its lofty spire. Asa clos
ing work, like a baptismal mark on the fore
head :
The House or the Lord :
BUILT BY TIIE CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST
OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS.
Holiness to the Lord !
“ Then, at high noon, under the bright
sunshine of May, the next only after its com
pletion, they consecrated it to divine service.
There was a carefully studied ceremonial for
the occasion. It was said the high elders of
the sect travelled furtively from tho Camp of
Israel in the Wilderness; and throwing off
ingenious disguises, appeared in their own
robes ot holy office, to give it splendor.
“ For that one day the temple stood re
splendent in all its typical glories of sun,
moon and stars, and other abounding figured
: and lettered signs, hieroglyphs and symbols:
I but that day only. The sacred rites of con
i secration ended, the work of removing the
! sacrosancta proceeded with the rapidity of
j magic. It went on through the night; and
when the morning of the next day dawned,
all the ornaments and furniture, everything
that could provoke a sneer, had been carried
off; and except some fixtures that would not
bear removal, the building was dismantled to
the bare wall.
“ It was this day saw the departure of the
last elders, and the largest baud that moved
in one company together. The people of
lowa have told me, that from morning to
night they passed westward like an endless
procession. They did not seem greatly out
of heart, they said; but, at the top of every
hill, before they disappeared, were to be seen
looking back, like banished Moors, on their
abandoned home, and the far-seen Temple,
and its glittering spire.”
A great agency in sustaining the emigrants
was their band of music :
THE mormon orchestra.
“ Well as I knew the peculiar fondness of!
the Mormons for music, their orchestra i:i
service on this occasion astonished me by
its numbers and fine drill. The story was,
that an eloquent Mormon missionary had
converted its members in a body at an Eng
lish town, a stronghold of the sect, and that
they took up their trumpets, trombones,drums,
and hautboys, together, and followed him to
America.
“ When the refugees from Nauvoo were
hastening to part with their table-ware, jew
elry, and almost every other fragmcqgn of
metal wealth they possessed that was iron,
they had never a thought of giving up the in
struments of this favorite band. And when
the battalion was enlisted, though high in
ducements were offered some of the perfor
mers to accompany it, they all refused. Their
fortunes went with the Camp of the Taberna
cle. They had led the Farewell Service in
the Nauvoo Temple. Their office was now
to guide the monster chorusses and Sunday
hymns; and like the trumpets of silver made
ot a whole piece, ‘ for the calling of the as
sembly, and for the journeyings of the camps,’
to knoll the people into church. Some of
their wind instruments, indeed, were uncom
monly full and pure toned, and in that clear
dry air could be heard to a great distance.
It had the strangest effect in the world to
listen to their sweet music winding over the
uninhabited country. Something in the style
of a Moravian death-tune blown at day-break,
but altogether unique. It might be when you
were hunting a ford over the Great Platte,
the dreariest ot all wild rivers, perplexed
among the far-reaching sand-bars and cur
lew shallows of its shifting bed—the wind
rising would bring you the first faint thought
of a melody; and, as you listened, borne
down upon the gust that swept past you a
cloud ot the dry sifted sands, you recognized
it—perhaps a home-loved theme of Henry
Proch or Mendelssohn. Mendelssohn Bar
tholdy, away there in the Indian Marches!”
We get another-glimpse of this Band on
the Anniversary of the Pioneers’ arrival in
the \ allev of Deseret, commemorated the
24th July* 1849.
“ The Great Band was there, too, that had
helped their humble hymns through all the
wanderings of the Wilderness. Through the ;
many 7 trying marches of 1846, through the j
fierce winter ordeal that followed, and the I
long journey after, over plain and mountain, j
it had gone unbroken, without the loss of j
any of its members. As they set out from ‘
England, and as they set out from Illinois, so !
they all came into the valley together, and j
together sounded the first glad notes of tri- j
umph when the Salt Lake City was founded. |
It was their right to lead the psalm of praise, j
Anthem, song and dance, all the innocent :
and thankful frolic of the day owed them its !
chief zest. ‘ They never were in finer kev.’” j
Os the feeling of community, stronger than j
the love of life, which sometimes ruled the 1
Mormon, we have this graphic anecdote : j
the pursuer of the camp.
“ I remember a signal instance of this at |
the Papillon Camp.
“ It was that of a joyous-hearted, clever ;
fellow, whose songs and fiddle tunes were the !
life and delight of Nauvoo in its merry days.
I forget his story, and how exactly it fell 1
about, that after a Mormon’s full peck of i
troubles, he started after ns with his wife and j
little ones from some ‘lying down place’ in ■
the Indian country, where he had contended
with an attack of a serious malady. He was |
just convalescent, arid the fatigue of march- j
ing on foot again with a child on his back, 1
COLUMBUS, GEORGIA, THURSDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 7, 1850.
speedily brought on a relapse. But his anxi
ety to reach a place where lie could expect
to meet friends with shelter and food, was
such that he only pressed on the harder.
Probably for more than a week of the dog
star weather, he labored on under a high fever,
walking every day until he was entirely ex
hausted.
“ His limbs failed him then ; but his cour
age holding out, he got into his covered cart
on top of its freight of baggage, and made
them drive him on, while lie lay down. They
could hardly believe how ill he was, he talked
on so cheerfully— ‘ I’m nothing on earth ail
ing but home-sick; I’m cured the very minute
I get to camp and see the brethren.’
“ Not being able thus to watch his course,
lie lost his way, and had to regain it through
a wretched tract of Low Meadow Prairie,
where there were no trees to break the noon,
nor water, but what was ague-sweet or brack
! ish. By the time he got back to the trail of
the High Prairie, ho was, in his own phrase,
‘ pretty far gone.’ Yet he was resolute in his
purpose as ever, and to a party he fell in with,
avowed his intention to be cured at the camp,
‘and nowhere else.’ He even jested with
them, comparing his jolting couch to a sum
mer cot in a whitewashed cockloft. ‘ But I'll
make them take me down,’ he said, ‘and give
me a dip in the river when 1 get there. All
I care for is to see the brethren.’
“ His determined bearing rallied the spirit
of his travelling household, and they kept on
their way until he was within a few hours’
journey of the camp. He entered on his last
day’s journey with the energy of increased
hope.
“ I remember that day well. For in the
evening I mounted a tired horse to go a short
errand, and in mere pity had to turn back be
fore I had walked him a couple of hundred
yards. Nothing seemed to draw life from
the languid air but the clouds of gnats and
stinging midges; and long after sundown it
was so hot that the sheep lay on their stom
achs panting, and the cattle strove to lap wind
like hard fagged hunting dogs. In camp, I
had spent the day watching the invalids and
the rest hunting the shade under the wagon
bodies, and veering about them, like tho shad
ows round the sun-dial. I know I thought
myself wretched enough to be of their com
pany.
“ Poor Merryman had all that heat to bear,
with the mere pretence of an awning to screen
out the sun from his close muslin cockloft.
“ He did not fail till somewhere hard upon
noon. He then began to grow restless to
know accurately the distance travelled. He
made them give him water, too, much more
frequently; and when they stopped for this
purpose, asked a number of obscure questions.
A little after this he discovered himself that a
film had come over his eyes. He confessed
that this was discouraging; but said with
stubborn resignation, that if denied to see the
brethren, he still should hear the sound of
their voices.
“ After this, which was when he was hardly
three miles from our camp, he lay very quiet,
as if husbanding his strength ; but when he
had made, as is thought, a full mile further,
being interrogated by the woman that was
driving, whether she should stop, he answered
her, as she avers, * No, no ; go on !’
“ The anecdote ends badly. They brought
him in dead, 1 think about five o’clock of the
afternoon. He had on Ids clean clothes; as
he had dressed himself in the morning, look
ing forward to his arrival.”
The Utah Chief “ Walker,” is well pen
cilled :
A GENTLEMAN INDIAN.
“ If accounts are true, the Utahs arc brave
fellows. They differ obviously from the de
ceased nations, to whose estates we have
taken it upon ourselves to administer. They
ride strong, well-limbed Spanish horses, no"t
ponies; bear well cut rifles, not shotguns,
across their saddle-bows; and are not with
out some idea of military discipline. They
carry their forays far into the Mexican States,
laying the inhabitants under contributions,
and taking captive persons of condition,
whom they hold to ransom. They are, as
yet at least, little given to drink ;’ some of
them manifest considerable desire to acquire
useful knowledge; and they are attached to
their own infidel notions of religion, making
long journeys to the ancient cities of the
Colorado, to worship among the ruined tem
ples there. The Soldan of these red Pav
niins, too, their great war chief, is not with
out his knightly graces. According to some
of the Mormons, lie is the paragon of Indians.
His name, translated to diminish its excel
lence as an exercise in prosody, is Walker.
He is a fine figure of a man, in the prime of
life. He excels in various manly exercises,
is a crack shot, a rough rider, and a great
judge of horse flesh. ,
“ He is besides, very clever, in our sense of
the word. He is a peculiarly eloquent mas
ter of the graceful alphabet of pantomime,
which stranger tribes employ to communicate
with one another. He has picked up some
English, and is familiar with Spanish and
several Indian tongues. He rather affects j
the fine gentleman. W hen it is his pleasure
to extend his riding excursions into Mexico,
to inflict or threaten outrage, or to receive
the instalments of his black mail salary, be
will take offence if the poor people there
fail to kill their fattest beeves, and adopt other
measures to show him obsequious and distin
guished attention. He has more than one
black-eyed mistress there, according to his j
own account, to whom he makes love in her
language. His dress is a full suit of the
richest broadcloth, generally brown, cut in
European fashion, with a shining beaver hat,
and fine cambaic shirt. To these, lie adds
his own gaudy Indian trimmings, and in this
way contrives, they say, to look superbly,
when he rides at the head of his troop, whose
richly caparisoned horses, with their embroid
ered saddles and harness, shine and tinkle as
they prance under their weight of gay metal
ornaments.”
Such is Mr. Kane’s picture of the modern
exodus. It is followed by an enthusiastic ac
count of “ the most wonderful prosperity”
of Deseret. W e cannot pursue the unexam
pled detail. Its history lies before us in the
daily newspapers, in every record of good j
deeds to the California emigrants. An ap- ■
pendix vindicates the Mormon character from
idle slanders, and guarantees the good faith
and principles of the present leaders, Gov.
Brigham Young, Heber C. Nimball, and
Secretary W illard Richards.
Here are materials for study and reflection.
In the rapid movement of the last few years, i
this Mormon problem has been overlooked;
but it now rises before us demanding solution.
It is a strange story of domestic manners, of
religious fanaticism, of a want of the times
to these Mormons, both social and religious;
and, if we go back to the first period of its
dismal persecutions and alleged corruptions
in Illinois, a sad reckoning of frontier crimes
and evils, over which civilization makes its
pathway of glorious progress — and at what
cost!
But at every stage of Mormon development
we are deficient in information. The subject
has attracted far too little attention. Passing
before our eves almost, we are less informed
of this movement than of the foreign internal
or international difficulties of European
States, or of past events, which are compara
tively matters of idle curiosity. Mr. Kane’s
address is an important contribution, and
well calculated to stimulate inquiry; but
enough remains to be done. To western
rulers, and to the officers of our western
army, we may look for an authentic, dispas
sionate review of the events which have
passed before them. The sources of Mormon
influence must be sought in the social history
of England, and what is worthy in the sys
tem be sifted from tho chicanery and corrup
tions, the miserable pretensions of tho spirit
ual founders of this creed.
[From tho Mobilo Tribune.]
More Reasons.
I am constrained to believe that a number
of our fellow citizens, who have consented
not only to acquiesce in, but exult over the
late measures passed by Congress, have not
duly weighed the importance of what they
propose doing. Such a glorification meeting
as is advertised to come off in Mobile, the
emporium of one of the largest and most im
portant slave States in the Union, seems more
like a dream than a sober reality. Mobile!
owes its past, its present, and its future pros
perity to the product of slave labor; its citi
zens of every class, and of every profession
have been and are dependent upon it. The
sojourner here for a season, thrives by it, no
matter where he goes to make a permanent
investment ot his profits. Every* man, wo
man and child in the city, whether here for
He, or a few years ? gather toll from the labor
of slave population of this State, and it does
seem like fatuity to behold a meeting called
to rejoice over laws, that point, as if with the
finger of destiny, to the ultimate and com
plete subversion of an institution interwoven
with our domestic, social, religious and po
litical relations. This is one of the most
ominous signs of the times, and must fall
with a startling knell upon the slave owners
of the interior. Mobile, fed, clad, and built
up by the productions of the slaves of Ala
bama, is the first and only place at which a
meeting has been called to sanction and re
joice over a series of measures, destructive
of Southern interest, ;>.nddegrading to South
ern character.
Can any man point to one of these meas
ures that recognizes a solitary right of the
South ? Can any man show in any particu
lar, m what way wo are acknowledged as
equals, and by what principle of justice we
have been stopped from taking our property
into the newly acquired territories ? Cali
fornia, tiie common property of joint pro
prietors, has been summarily closed against
us. The voice of justice was smothered ini- j
dor the incubation of free-soilism. The be
hests of the constitution overruled and put
under foot by the iron hoof of an invading
and reckless majority. Pari passu, followed
the associated bills, which constituted the im
mortal omnibus—to the South a Moloch of
destruction—to the North a juggernaut of’
worship.
But are the wheels to stop here ? No sane
man can believe it. The records of the pro
ceedings of the legislatures of twelve non
slaveholding States must first be blotted out,
or construed to mean nothing. The doings of
the numberless conventions in the North must
stand as dead letters. The oracular out
pourings ot the press must lie as vox, prcrJc
rcunl nihil. The church wail from the Penob- j
scot to the Potomac must pass as a “duck
ling cymbal.” The reiterated declarations
of North#rn representatives, high in the con
fidence of their constituents, and potent in
the councils of the nation, must go for bins- !
ter. Fanaticism must have found a head, and ;
can reason. Bigotry a heart, and can feel.
Power, and the lust of dominion, must have
lost their instincts. Agitation, deep, bitter
and wide, must have ceased. All that has
transpired—all that lias been threatened—all
that is in progress, must become obsolete, be
fore we can conclude that there are peace !
and safety for the South.
The admonitions of the past cannot fail to ;
stand as land marks of the future. It would
be interesting to trace from the ordinance of
’S7 down to the present Congress, the accu
mulated aggressions of the North upon the
South, and the alarming strides of abolition j
doctrines all tending to one grand object, the !
annihilation of the institution of slavery, but
the limits of ail article of this kind will not
admit of it.
At the point which abolitionism has reached
the mind pauses, and sees as clearly as any
result which has not taken place, can be seen,
when and how the work is to go on.
The slave States are now encompassed by
a cordon of free States. The fiat lias gone
forth that not another foot of slave territory
shall be added to the Union. The Wilmot
Proviso stands at the gates of entrance-—and
on the wall is read the ominous hand-writing
—J/ene, tnrne, tekel, upharsin. These are
the signs of terrible significance! Here may
be read the doom that free-soilism has marked
for the South.
Let us look to the process by which the
great work is to be carried on. We cannot
be mistaken when we say that in a few years,
perhaps at the next session of Congress,
slavery will be abolished in the District of
Columbia. The entering wedge lias been
driven—the power of Congress acknowl
edged. It is only now a question of time. —
The late proceedings of Congress are evi- ;
dence conclusive of the fact. At the centre j
of the nation, the deadly blow will be strick
en. Before the same strong arm, will slave
ry fall in the arsenals, dock yards, navy yards,
and other places over which the government
claims to exercise exclusive jurisdiction.
Here the power of Congress may stop to
catch breath, and to gather strength for re- i
newed assaults and increased achievements.
Let us see how it is proposed that it shall
move off from this point.
We assume as a postulate that not anoth- j
er slaveholding State will come into this con
federacy. lhere are at this time sixteen non
slaveholding States, and we may say four
teen slaveholding States, for we are saying
practically. In the Senate the former have
thirty-two votes, and the latter twenty-eight.
In the House of Representatives, the present
Northern majority vote may be set down at
forty. On this question the Northern ma
jority, judging from recent developments,
will be solid and compact, while it must be
said, to our humiliation and shame, that the
South is not entirely united. The vote of
Maryland, North Carolina, Kentucky and
Missouri is divided; and these States, it is
learned, cannot in the greatest, be relied up
on with entire confidence. Some of their
leading statesmen and honored representa
tives have openly avowed their free-soil doc
trines, while others have evinced a predilec
tion that way. We also know that the
North holds the preponderating power of
numbers, which is being rapidly increased
by the tide of immigration from the old
world. We also have reason to know how
the North is disposed to use the augmenting
power. Rob Roy was not more conscien
tious in his simple rulo of action,
“That they should take who have tho power.
And they should keep who can,”
than is the North with its fraternal dealings
with the South.
From the hostility displayed by the North- j
ern people to the institution of slavery, and i
from their often declared design to attack it |
wherever it is vulnerable, with all the moral
power of the country, and with all the legal
force of the government, and to drive it out
| from among us; and from their unscrupu
| lons disregard of constitutional barriers, held
to be subordinate to what they call “natural i
justice and the fundamental principles of the !
government,” we may very reasonably con- i
! dude that they will not he wanting when
the power is at hand to consummate their
sworn purpose.
The Congress, when two-thirds of both
I Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose
amendments to the constitution, &c. I have
said that we had nothing to expect from tho
forbearance of the North so soon as the pow
| er was acquired for abolishing slavery.
I Mhe fact has been stated, (and the correct- I
! n ess ot which, I believe, has not been ques
tioned) that the territories including the late
Mexican acquisitions contain an area suffi
cient for twenty-five States of the ordinary
size. Some of these territories will be soon
knocking for admittance Into the Union.—
Minnesota, Nebraska, Utah, New Mexico and
Oregon may almost he said to be in process
of admission. The California precedent
shows that the act of admission will not be I
one of difficulty. The exclusion of slavery
in their organic law is tho only pre-requisite
population, and that kind of population will
interpose no obstacle. And it may be fairly
assumed that half a million of foreign emi
grants will annually pour into these territories,
with habits, education, and prejudices op
posed to the institution of slavery, and a
ready co-operation between them and the
existing free-soil party will take place, swell
ing the political power, and the influence of
this already formidable party, to the over
throw of the slave States,
As an inducement to fill up the territories
and States with all kinds of people, a bill
has actually passed the Senate, providing for
the donation of three hundred and twenty
acres of land to each family native or foreign,
naturalized or not naturalized. What is the
meaning of this? Evidently to invite by
bounty the unnaturalized European masses to
assist the free-soilers in consummating their
acts of spoliation upon the South.
But will tho reform stop here? Power
was never known to relax in its humane offi
ces from a consciousness of its strength.-*
New acquisitions and conquests are rarely
attended with moderation, and a keener sense
of justice. Aggressions when stimulated
by power, and heated by fanaticism, go for
ward with an impetus that marks the law of
gravitation. Not satisfied with having erased
from the constitution the three-fifths base of
representation, might will make right, and
Congress will, in all human probability, seek
another amendment, by which the whole
subject of slavery shall be brought under its
immediate control. What then, may be ask
ed, will he the position and condition of the
slaveholding States? The answer is fraught
with a solution appalling beyond the de
scription of my pen. A dark tragedy which
the world has never before seen will be en
acted. A war of desolation would follow
the war of emancipation! The civilized
world would feel the shock, and a yell of
darkness overspread the faces of Christen
dom. The South—the South, where would
she be ? I leave the question to be answer
ed by her present generation, upon whom the
responsibility rests of averting, if possible, j
such a dire catastrophe. This responsibility
is forced upon the South and it should be met
now, while her arm is not yet completely par
alyzed and not transferred to posterity, as a
legacy of moral cowardice. If, to this, the
issue must come, (and if the Southern States
slumber in a supposed security, to my mind
it is inevitable,) why not now, when we are in
a better condition to meet it than we shall j
be five or ten years hence, prepare for our !
safety and self-protection ? It is idle to :
look for moderation and justice at the hands !
of a dominant and tyrannical majority, who i
maintain that slavery is a sin, a curse, an
evil, a moral leprosy upon the body politic,
and who hold that they are disgraced by
their political connection with it, and so long j
as it exists feel themselves implicated in the j
sin, and to that extent consider themselves re
sponsible for its continuance, and bound by
every obligation to God and man, to cast it
out from among this nation. What hope of
security can we promise ourselves from that
majority, who have not hesitated to violate
the spirit, if not the very letter of the con
stitution, when it stood in the way of their
object? Scan the vote on Gott’s resolution,
and you can form some idea of the feelings
and sentiments of the entire Northern Rep
resentatives in the House. But why refer to
anj’particular resolution? The journals of
Congress are studded with unmistakable j
marks, and tell the South to read in the past,
its future. If we are true to ourselves, and
to all that is dear to us, we must heed these
admonitions.
One of the misfortunes of the present
time is the difficult}’in making the South du
ly sensible of the dangers which threaten her
existence, and which must result, as surely as
effect follows cause, or the thunderbolt the i
7 i
lightning flash, from the recent legislation of
Congress. TherO seems to boa fatal delusion
shrouding the minds of many— a lack of ap
preciation of what has happened, of what is
occurring around us, and a disposition to turn
from the contemplation of future events. Delu
sive hope seeks comfort in feeble remon
strance, and droops into submission. Party
obligations fetter free thought and the manlv
expression of opinions— palliate the outrages
of the present, and promise relief at the altar
of its favorite chieftain. Is an overt or di
rect attack made upon our institutions, jeop
ardizing the success of this party or that, the
invocations of party spirit become the weird
sisters, and the magic wand waves over the
disturbed public mind, lulling and deceiving.
Are outrages perpetrated upon the South, to
be overlooked for the purpose of sustaining
the administration and securing the spoils of
victory. Is the Trojan horse about to be in
troduced through a breach of the constitu
tion into our citadel, we are told that it is a
magnificent present, the free offering of our
loving brethren, and we should welcome it
‘’ ith shouts ot joy. If our rights are assail
ed, and our feelings insulted, the infliction* of
injury is made the cause of its cure. Is tho
ark of covenant broken, we are told that it
can be mended by a compromise which takes
all and gives nothing. Are measures passed
hostile to the constitutional rights, property,
quiet and safety of the slave States, the glo
ry of the act must he attested by bon-fires,
speeches, and other public manifestations of
exultation. The South is assured that tho
passage of the California bill with the ap
pendages of concession, will now, and in all
time to come, guard her rights, and protect
her in the enjoyment of her property—re
store harmony between the two sections, and
preserve the constitution and with it the
Union on the basis of State equality. If I
believed this were so, I should certainly unito
soul and body with the exultants on the Bth
insfi But the very reverse is my honest con
viction. Instead of rejoicing over our wrongs,
we should mourn for the decay of the spirit
of our fathers. Instead of stretching out our
arms to receive the manacles and cuffs of our
oppressors, we should lift them, as did our
ancestors, to break these chains into atoms.
Instead of approaching the altar reared for
our sacrifice, and bending forward to lick,
tho hand just raised to shod our blood, wo
should put aside the livery of bondmen, and
declare for equality, or prepare for indepejid
cnce - CASSANDRA.
NO. 45.
[From the Charleston Daily Sun.]
The Religion* Sentiment ot the North.
In the letter lately addressed by Mr. Gray
son to Gov. Senbrook, the writer alludes ‘to
the attacks that have been made by the re
ligious conventions and associations of the
North, upon the character and institutions of
the South, in terms so light as to show that
he considers them matters of n'o importance
whatever. He denies that they are “of evil
augury, or portend civil and political dis
sensions in the nation.” He compares, with
what respect to analogy we are unable to
discover, the separations in the Baptist and
Methodist denominations of this country to
the schism in the church of Scotland, forget
ting that the divisions in the former were oc
casioned by a matter which was entirely un
connected with the religion's organization of
the bodies, but which, on the contrary, was
purely political, and was really more calcu
lated to affect the constitutional union of tho
States than that of the churches, while tlie
separation in the Scottish church was occa
sioned by a matter simply of church govern
ment, namely, that of lay patronage. He trav
els still farther out of the analogy of the ca
ses, and compares these American divisions
to the Galliean and ultramontane parties of
the Roman church, or the Puseyite and Low
church divisions of the English* while so in
telligent a gentleman must have well known
that the difference in these last cases are still
more eminently and certainly, of a religious
character, relating in one case to matters of
discipline, and in the other to subjects of
doctrine, finally, from these false premises
ho draws the necessarily erroneous conclu
sion that “in either case they prove nothing
but thepronencss of theologians to wrangle,”
and bids us regard the existence of this state
of things as nothing more than “a certain
idiosyncracy in an excellent, but irritable
class of men, which is continually turning
discussions into dispute.”
Perhaps there is n-o better method of show
ing the frivolous and unsound nature of thi3
argument than by quotinga few of these in
stances of what the writer calls the “odium
theologicum,” hut what we would rather
term cases of an “odium politicum,” a hatred
in which religion or theology'has no concern,
but which springs from a bitterness of sec
tional feeling far more dangerous, and far
more likely to dissever all the bonds of na
tional union than any mere religious discus
sion could ever, in a! country like this, effect.
We will not detain our readers by a refer
ence to the divisions in the Methodist and
Baptist churches. Those are now past.—
The disunion lias been consummated, and
they are portions of history which are too
well known to need recapitulation. Let us
confine ourselves to events that have occurred
within a few days. Let us look at the pro
ceedings of the latest religious associations
of the free States, and see how much hatred
—hitter, uncompromising hatred, and how
little of charity or forbearance they have ex
hibited to their brethren and fellow country,
men of the South.
And first, in Massachusetts. The largo
majority of the people of that State are
Unitarians. Some years ago, nine hundred
of their ministers denounced the institution
j of slavery in terms of the most unmitigated
* severity, and now again they have repeated
: the aggression. The Annual Unitarian Con
j venfron was held at Springfield a week or
two since, and a report of the proceedings
contain the following language:
“The discussions have been of great in
terest, touching the distinguishing features of
the doctrines of the sect, among the resolu
tions adopted was one bearing against the
Fugitive Slave Law. This created a warm
discussion—many deeming its introduction
incompatible with the object of the conven
tion, but the great majority was in favor of
denouncing the law.”
Was there nothing in this action but a mere
instance of the “odium thedogicum ?” Was
the abandonmentof the appropriate religious
discussion for which they had met, on the
peculiar tenets of their sect, for the violent
and obtrusive denunciation of a law of Con
gress, affecting the rights and tho honor of
the South, nothing more, to use the language
| of the author of the letter, than “a certain
idiosyncracy which is continually turning dis
cussion into dispute.”
We have not seen the precise language in
which the Unitarians denounced the fugitive
slave law, but have no doubt that it was not
wanting in that energy of expression, with
which the religious associations of the North
have heretofore been wont to clothe their
: demonstrations of hostile feeling towards the