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com mix#! on i'sufM to Mr. Brent, lute pay- i is inferior to the eame commission whon, have pow er to fill up all vacancies that
<1- 11)0
nine person rommimda (Ik* vriiole
army, lint the ftl.jor General of llie
Into northern division is non AlujorGe-
iittul of tin* ariaj ot the United States,
in virtue ol lus former commission.—
l'lie two cases ate precisely similar.—
There were two Major General#, making act of the id March, 1821,the
master, and signed by Mr. Jet)
also, to ttie fact, that this otlirer lias In n !
fore been plaeril on the civil list ill I he dif
ferent appropiiation hills. These ciremn-
Stances also dialiliclly mark his civil charac
ter.
II' the cninmillee should he mistaken in
the correctness of the views before present
ed and they feel confident they are not,
there is a document among the proceedings
of the Until'd of general officers, which, inde
pendent of all other facts ami arguments,
proves, ini'oiltestibly, that the construction
pul by tile committee on the act is the cor
rect one, and that the proceedings of the
board of general officers, charged with the
reduction of the army, were not regoluted
either by the provisions of the law, or by a-
ny Construction of it. The document is in
the following words:
“ The board of general officer), of which
Mnj. (ten Brown is president, bring of opi
nion that Colonels n'udsicorlh, Hissell, hmg
and Smith, should not be retained, hem leave,
respectfully, to recommend, that Brigadier
General Atkinson be arranged to the office of
Adjutant General, and General Barker be
appointed to the offer of Paymaster General,
aad thiit Colonels Ton-son and Bomfurd be
appointed Colonels of artillery.
••JACOB BROWN, President.
“April IS, 11)21.”
[t is thus seen that the board of general of
fleers, who were called in to aid in the exe
cution of the law to reduce the army and to
11 arrange” each officer to his proper place,
Commenced that work by recommending to the ;
Prc side nt to pal out four of the eleven colonels ! it received when the bill was discussed
then in service. The board did not pretend j on i t9 passage in the Senate. It has
that thfse otlicers were “ supernumeraries y ” • , . • . r.i
. *i. f , . ..I .1 oeen turther insisted in Fupiio.t ol inn
or that it was necessary to iliscliHrg;o them ' ,, , , * * ,
a* such. It ii, therefore, manifest they sol.- j . ^lT (nnlmcnt ojXoionel Gads.ioJi, that
ufitnti d their own will .md pleasure for the | ** " ,l!> loll' justified by the retention
rule prescribed by law. It is in proof before Colonel 11 .tvne, in 11115. It is true that
an excess of one ; it cannot be infer re I
that they wire both tube disbanded,
and some citizen or nnn-cimibattanl
stall otlirer to be appointed to command
the army. Perfectly analogous is the
ruse of the two Adjutants General ; hut
the rule applied to them by the Board
has been different. The Major General
of the late northern division now com
mands the whole army ; but the two
Adjutants General are both and singular
supernumerary officers,'' and as •• Adju
tants General' have both been discharg
ed from the service of the United States,
Tin* committee cannot believe that this
is a fair construction of the act ; parti
cularly when the board of General offi
cers,charged with the reduction of the
army, have adopted a different rule in
their cam case, which is precisely paral
lel lo the case of the Adjutant General
retained ; A; more especially when it it
distinctly reinrnibered that the construc
tion now given to the sixth section of the
act, by the committee, i« the same which
may hajipe.n during the recess of the
Senate, by granting commissions which
shall expire at the end of their next ses
sion.” Il'tho offices lo which Colonels
Totvson and Gadsden are nominated
were original vacate tes created by the
commit-
the committee, that the original paper, eon
tabling this recommend itiou, was deposited
in the Adjutant General's Office Tor safe
k
in 1813, at the close of the war,
there were eight Adjutants General in
service ; and it is equally true that the
ring—and, afterwards, at the request of I, c .
Brown.it was delivered to him, who I Un °, f , 1 , 8 ’°> reducing and hx.ng the.
immediately <b M *troy»*.d if. fir my, disbanded lute wholo ol th(‘Ui.
The committee have examined with great
Care the mes-age, re-nominating Col. Gads
den to he Adjutant General, and have looked
in vain for an argument which cnuld con
vinco them that the derision lately made by
the Senate was erroneous. It has been urg
ed “ that Gen. Atkinson, who had been ar-
tni'.gcd to the office of Adjutant General, de
clined accepting it, and Col Gadsden w as
appointed by the President to fill the vacancy,
in conformity to the provisions of the 10th
sertiori of the act of the 2 Ith of April, 1 ft 1B.”
if the provisions of this aet were inconsis
tent w ith the provisions of the aet of the 2d
M itch, 1821, si. much of the former art as
is so inconsistent, is repealed Ivy the last men
tioned aet, and, of course, the appointment
is not supported by the authority relied on.
But the committee are in possession of a
copy of a letter from Gen. Atkinson to Gen.
Brown, dated St Louis, titli April, 1321, in
answer to one which had been written to
him on that subject, in which Gen. Atkin
not retaining even one ; but the law of
1321, savs “ there shall be one Adjutant
General,” with all the attributes of the
two officers of that tank then in sort ice.
In the absence of law, therefore, Pre
sident Madison, on bis responsibility,
chose 11 provisionally" to add to the ar
my what the law had omitted, to wit :
two Adjutants General. This tioingthe
case, neither of the eight Adjutants Ge
neral had a right to demand of the Exe
cutive places of his own temporary ere
ation. The Executive could select any
one he chose to act as Adjutants Gone
r.i I, as tie hail exercised the. power of
creating those offices. Colonel Hayne
could not have been “ retained" as In
spector General, because that office wa
abolished by law. for what purpose
then can it be said that Cob rfel Hayne,
son positively declines accepting the office of j Inspector at the time, was'* retaineil'
Adjutant General. This letter was received I as Adjutant General? It certainly can
not be to elucidate the subject. It is
evident, therefore, that the appoint
ment ol Colonel Gadsden is in no par'i-
ctilar parallel with the appointment of
Colonel Hayne. The latter avowedly \
was in the absence of all law on tha* |
subject, anil the former professedly in
pursuance of law. By tracing llie pro
gress of the principles fur which tin*
committee now contend, through the
vicissitudes of the Revolutionary war,
it will be seen that the basis of our rules
for the government of the army was es
tablished as early as the 30th of June,
1775, and by these rules “ sutlers, re
'.uiners, and other persons of the army,”
(not being soldiers,) were made subject
to the articles of war.
By a resolution of the 10th January,
1773, reducing the number of regiments
on the continental establishment, it was
directed, in order to avoid just cause of
complaint, as to rank, those charged with
the reduction were confined ns nearly
as possible to the military line.
By a resolution of the 27th May, 1770,
it was ordained that aids-de-camp, bri
gade majors, and quartermasters, here
tofore appointed from the line, were to
hold their present rank, and he admitted
again to the same, tint were not to com
mand any one -who commanded them
while in the line.
On the 3d of October, 1780, among
other things, it was directed for the re
giments to be raised; the commander
in chief was to direct the officers of re
giments to meet and agree upon the offi
cers for them from among those who in
clined to serve ; arid, when it could not
he done by agreement, it was to be de
termined by seniority.
On the 22d of April, 1782, it had
been found necessary to reduce the lieu
tenants of each regiment to ten, and it
was provided that the reduction sliouhl
he made from the supernumerary junior
lieutenants in each regiment.
On the 7th August, 1782, it became
ar was receiver
bv General Blown on tlir 27111 of the same
month, and before Gen. Atkinson was arrang
ed by the board to the office of Adjutant
General. When it was known, positively
that Gen. Atkinson would nut accept this of
fice, why was he arranged to it ? This ar
rangrment was nominal, and could not have
the effect of evading the law, or creating a
vacancy which did not before exist. And
the committee are of opinion, that tllo ten
der of this office to Gi n. Atkinson, with a
knowledge that he would not accept, did not
produce a vacancy, and that, in deciding on
the legality of Col. Gadsden’s appointment,
b in arrangement of Gen. Atkinson must be
left nut of view. The sixth section of the
act of the 2d March, 1821, is in the following
words :—•• That there shall he one Ad jutant
General and tw Inspectors General, with
the rank, pay, and emoluments, of Colonels
of Cavalry.” Before the passage of the act
there was one Adjutant and Inspector Ge
neral, two Inspectors General, and two Ad
jutants General. The object of the act was
“ reduction,'' and, with that view, the office
of Adjutant and Inspector General was dis
pensed with—k. also, that of one Adjutant
General, and the two offices of Inspector
General, and one of Adjutant General, re-
♦ fined. This section having retained the
two offices of Inspectors General—and that
the 11th section, before cited, having retain
ed the incumbents, it was not supposed by
any one, that either nr both of them cutild
b* discharged .Tk supernumeraries under the
provisions of the. act. By referring to the
general order of .May 17th, 1321, it will he
seen tout those who were charged with
the reduction of the army were of this opi
nion. The law left these officers where it
found them, and the general order announc-
*d that they remained in the offices they be
fore held. B it a very different construction
was given to that part of the same section,
which relates to the Adjutant General.—
There were two Adjutants General in ser
vice, Colonels Butler and Jones, and tile
committee insist, by a fair construction of
tho act, one of them was “ retained," and
the President was authorised only to select
which of the two should he “ discharged" as
a “ supernumerary."
It is contended, in the message, that
this was an “ original vacancy, ” ami it
xvas competent lot the President to dis-
charge both Butler and Jones, and fill
this office by appointing any other per-1 necessary further to arrange the army,
son. As tiro, object of the aet was to j according to the resolutions of the 3d
reduce the army, and not create offices, j and 21st October, 1780, and for this
it is fair to presume that excision was! purpose, it was provided that the junior
intended to be applied only where there I regiments should ho drafted to till the
w as an excess, cither in number or or-! senior regiments, and the commander in
jsat.iz ition. Tins rule was applied to chief shonl I direct the officers of the
‘into section relating to line ef each state to meet and agree who
that pat t of the
tlie Inspectors General. As it regards
thcni, there was no excess, and all agree
that they were retained by the latv.—
Celeries Butler and Jones had the r ink.
should command the troops so arranged;
and when they could not agree, the jit
niur officers of each grade a cre to retire
Under this insolation it became doubt-
p iv, and emoluments of Colonels of c t- j ful whether a senior officer coiiij retire
vatry ; the precise attributes of the Ad-1 willi honor, if he would; and, on the
jut.in! Genetal secured to the army bv
the act. But it is said that the Adjutant
Gcmrl of a division was doomed not lo
be co-ordinate with the Adjutant Gene
ral of the army. Ori the, subject of their
du'ies, nothing; has been prescribed.—
The laws are silent. Their rank, pay
•lid emoluments, are the same ; and
there is a perfect coincidence in all
ilieir endowments. The fifth section of
the act provides that there shall lie one
Maj t General, and two Brigadier Ge-
Oftierals. There were then in service
tun Major Generals, and four Brigadier
Generals, making an excess ef one half.
According to the principle applied to the
Adjutant General, the commission of a
IfHh November, it was, by another re
solution. provided that the senior officers
of each grade should, under tho act ol
tho 7th August, ho retained, anil that tin
redundant junior officers of tho several
grades should retire ; hut the command
er in chief might permit a senior to re
tire. The committee appeal with vene
ration to this period of our military hi«-
tor v fur the correctness of the doctrines
they now contend fur, and cannot Inr
mark the contrast between the princi
ples then held sacred, and those which
were introduced in the late reduction of
the army.
In the 2d section of the 2.1 article ot
the constitution of the United States
toe contend that they were nut lilted a-
greeable to the provisions of the cunsti
lotion. The words '* all vacancies that
may happen during the recess of tin
Senate,” evidently means vacancies oc
curring from death. I'ctbgimtion, promo-
lion, or removal ; the word happen, must
have reference to some casualty not
provided for by law. Original vacan
cies most mean offices created by las,
and not before tilled. Admitting, then,
that the cilices to which Colonels
1'owson and Gadsden ire nominated,
were original vacancies created by the
law to reduce the army, the Senate was
then in session, and these nominations
w rre not made during that session. From
whence then does the President derive
his power to fill those offices iu the recess
of the Senate? Certainly not from tin
constitution, because the Semite was in
session when the law passed, and the
appointments were made alter the ad
journment of Congress ; and he had no
pow er to m ike them in the recess, be
cause the vacancies did not happen io
the recess of the Senate. The com
mittee believe this is the fair construc
tion of the constitution, and the one here
tofore observed. For many instances
have occurred where offices have heei
created bv law, and special power w i
given to the President to til! those otli es
in the recess of the Senate ; and no in
stance has before occurred, within tin
knowledge ot the committee, where tin
President has felt himself authorized to
fill such vacancies without special autho
l ily by law. Hence the committee con
clude, from the President’s own shew
ing, that the appointments of Colonel
Povvsnn and Gadsden were not author
ized either by the constitution or law,
I he committee take great pleasure in
admitting the merits ol these gentlemen,
wit beliesvo that this consideration can
not fairly enter into the construction of
the latv and constitution. But they du
not admit that their claims on tho coun-
,r > ore superior to those who have be
put out ot tfirir proper places in the ar
my, in order that these gentlemen might
occupy them. And, whilst the commit
tee forbear entering into a comparative
view of the merits of all the officers il
legally discharged, and those put inti
their places, they must be permitted to
>y that General liissel entered the ser
vice, as a soldier, about the year 17*J0,
md for his distinguished bravery at St.
Clair s defeat, was promoted from a ser-
ant to an ensign, and has risen through
•very rank to that a Brigadier General
in the late war ; and that, in every situ
ation, he has been distinguished for this
bravery and correct military conduct.
Colonel Smith has lately been recom
mended in the warmest terms by Gene
•'al Brown for the important office of
Governor of Florida, anil has been ac
tually nominated by the President to the
Senate for the office of judge of that ter
ritory.
The committee -.re of opinion if those
officers merited dismissal iri the. judg
ment of the board, the reason for then
discharge should have been stated, and
the necessity of the act justified ; but
that it cannot be correct to attribute it
to the operation of the law o£l821, when
the provisions of that act had no effect
on the measure.
When the committee add their ac-
knowledgment to the assertion of the
merits of Colonels Towson and Gadsden,
it is proper they should repel the in
ference that the rejection of their nomi
nations by the Senate evinces a disre
gard of their merits, or an indifference to
their just rew ard. Whether a suitable
provision ought to he made for Colonel
Towson is not new tho question. Tit it
was done by the act. By it he was let'
in the office of Paymaster General, a
place of distinction and superior emolu
ment. Colonel Gadsden, too, was left
by the act in the office of Inspector Ge
neral, in which he might have been con
tinued, and the necessity thereby avoid
ed of reducing Colonel Jones, who had
been twice luevettod for distinguished
gallantry duving the laic war, to the rank
of captain, which he held at its com
mencement.
The committee regret that there ex
ists a difference of opinion between the
President and Senate, and must express
in unfeigned regret that, iu the dis
charge ofa paramount duty, they should
have induced a suspicion of an arraign
ment of his motives, or a want of due
consideration ori their part, of these no
oinatinns when first presented. The
questions nt i#“ue are not of a prr3on.il
or political character, in which tho me
rits of the officers are at all concerned,
hut are of law and constitution.
On such questions the President an !
Senate might differ as do the highest ju
dicial tribunals of our country, without
a suspicion of unkind feelings. With
that disposition to harmony and good
feelings, which does, and is to he hoped
always w ill exist ori the part of the Se-
i.i!p towards the Chief Magistrate of the
nation, the committee have carefully
examined the message of the 12th April.
1822, and have not been ahlo to disco
ver any views in that message which
were not presented, and duly considered
during the deliberations, which occtipi
ed the serious attention of the Senate for
more than two months before these n -
miiia ions wore rejected. How ever de
licote the measure of sending back to
the Senate nomination# rejected tv Ikem;
j r. however liable to abuse the pin tire
tutioo be# not prohibit tho President General of tho Island of Cohn, lie no
li om dig so, hut , wi il-t it imposes no eivm* tltin of dishonorable pecumiary mo-
re*tri()o on bis discretion in this pal tives, in not having delivered thu at-
ticularhc right belongs to the Senate Moves, without giving any proof of so
to cou|n nr r* jen them. It a differ- mjoroiis an assertiou , and I mu«t re-
ence itins pi minced, the Senate have mark, that the rank of General Malty in
tin mefi ol avoiding it, and tt rests alone Spain, is at least .is elevated as that ol
with thPresiiieui to ireate or continue General Jack sun iu the United Stale
such cti-tons at Ins discretion. Under
the forgoing views, the committee be
lieve iio be their duty to s <limit to the
Senatf .U following resolution :
Jleptvet, That the Senate do not ad
vise ainl Consent to the " renoniiimtion*”
of Colonels Towson anil Gadsden.
V\ Inch report was concurred in—
Yeas 17—Nays 2 5.
UNITED STUBS AND SPAIN.
Message from the (’resident of the Unitca
Stales lo the fliisc of liepiesentativcs
1 transmit to Cmgress translations of
two letters from Dim Joaquin d’Amlua-
ga to the Secretary ofStite. which, have
been received at the IVparltneul ol
Slate, since my last mesaige, commune
c iting copies uTliis correipondenre with
this governtneut.
JAM If? MONROE
Washington, Gtli Miuf 1822.
[jitA.NSi.ABOS.]
Don Joacptin FAnhmpi to the Secretary
of Stile
l'Mtt.Atri.t*mt. 21th April I. 22
Sir : As «mii as the news was re
eeivod iri Madrid of the recent occur
fence# in New Spain, taller the orri* at |
at Vera Cruz of the Captain G. tier...
and Supreme Political Chief H | pun,
for those Provinces, Don Juan O'D uio
j't, and some papers were seen r< Iriv.
to those same transactions, it wa# toured
that, for forming the treaty concluded iu
Cordova, on the 24th of August last, be
tween the said General ami the traitor
Colonel Don Augustin Iturliole, it hail
been falsely supposed, that the fi rm* !
had power from his Catholic M ije-ty lor
that act ; and in a little time the cor
rectness of those suspicions was found,
as, arming other things the said O’Duno-
j i, when on the 26th of the same Au
gust, he sent this treaty to the Governor
ot V era Cruz, notifying him of its promp
ami punctual observan e, he told him
that, at Ins sailing from the Peninsula
preparation fir the independence of
M \ico was already thought of, and that
its liases were, approved of by the go
vernment, »nd hv a commission nfth
Porto#. Ihs M ije#ty, on sight of this
and ot the fatal impression wlm h -
great an imposture had produced in sum
ultramarine Provences, and wlnit intis'
without difficulty be the consequence
among the rest, thought proper to or
•let- that, by means ol a circular to nil
he chiefs and Corporations beyond sea-
this atrocious falsehood should lie di-he-
Itev rd ; ami now he h is deigned to com
mand nir to make it known to the go.
vernment of tin* United States, that it i-
talse, as fir as general O’Donoju pub
li'hed beyond his instructions, hv point
mg out to j.< that lie never could have
been furnished with other instruction#
than those coulornutilo to constitutional
principle#.
In compliance with this order of his
M ijesty, 1 c an do no less than observe
to you, sir, how unfounded one of the
reasons is in vour note of the 6ih inst. for
the recognition by this government of
those of the insurgent Provinces of Spa
nish America, th it it w i« founded on the
treaty made by O’Donoju with Iturbide ;
since, not hiving had that power nor in
struction to conclude it, it is clearly null
mil of no value.
I repeat to you, sir, the sentiments
of my distinguished consideration, and
pray God that yon m\v live many years.
JOAQUIN D'ANDUAGA.
[tran«i. ation. J
Dan Jottijuin d'Anduagn to the Secretary
of State.
Pint. vnnr.ettiA, 26tli April, 1C22.
Sir : I have received your note ol
the loth instant, in which you arc pleas
ed to communicate to me the reasons
which induce the President not onl\ to
refuse, to his Catholic Majesty the satis
faction which lie demanded, in Ins royal
name, for the insults offered by General
Jackson to the Spanish commissaries
and officers, but to approve fully of the
said chief’s conduct.
Before answering the contents of the
said note, I thought it my duty to re
quest instructions ftom my government;
and, therefore, without d 'lay, I have
laid it before them. Until they arrive,
therefore, I have confined myself to
two observations ■ 1st. If. in my note nl
the 18th of November last, i sr.id, that,
•s General Jackson had not speciti. d the
actions which had induced him to de
clare the Spanish officers expelled from
the Flotillas criminal, nor given proof
of them, I thought myself authorized to
declare the accusation false—I did not
1his through inadvertency, hot upon the
evident principle that every person ac
cused has a right to declare nn accusa-
’ion destitute of proof false, and n „,cli
■More an accusal inn not pretended to bo
proved. This assertion of mine does net
presume that I am not persuaded of the
merit of the said General, and of th •
claim which he has upon the gratitude
of his country ; but although it i.s be
lieved the duty of hi# country to eulo
izft and reward iii« eminent service#,
yet it will be lawful for the representa
tive of a power outraged by him, to com
plain of lii.s conduct. I cannot persuadi
myself that, to aggravate tnv said cx-
pieseinn, you could have itiuu^bt that i
bad been wanting in due respect, it no*
bemg possible far that opinion to hiive
entered your mind, when, by his orders
Mr. Forsyth had sent to the Spanish
Minister, on the. 1st of September I
and that the services performed by him
to hi* country have rendered him a#
worthy as lie of its consideration and re
spect.
2. Although you are pleased to tell
me that part of the papers taken from
Colonel Coppinger lire ready to lie do
ll lered, which the American commis
sioners, after having examined them, have
adjudged to be. returned to Spain, I do
not think myself authorized to admit
their return in this manner, but in the
mode «liirh I demanded in my note of the
221 ol November last.
A» I have seen by the public papers
that the President has communicated to
Congress the note, which you were
tdeased to address to me, dated the 15th
itl#t. and that it has been ordered to be
printed, I lake the liberty of requesting
tint voo will have the goodness to use
vour iotloen e that thi* inv answer may
lie treated in the same mariner, that
Cungie#s and the public mav he inform
ed that if I have not answered the first
uai 1 of it, as re*pecl# the general ho«i
ness, it is only to wait for the instructions
ot (ivy government, but that l have an
»wered what was personal
I ior,*1 tv to you, vi#, the “entiments ol
■n distinguished consider.• I ion.
JOAQUIN D'ANDUAGA.
John Qctvi’v An on,
Secretory of .Stale.
V* .VV,Ui 'V.
I,ATI
JJaj'.r General commanding a ^ivisien is provided, that ” tho President eha'd | ta other tuscimight btiooaie, the oansli. note, in which, complaining of the Capt.
FROM I. v \ ;>.
Bos ro.v, M .v a.
O l Suurday evening, the Mmi h shi;
Mary C tlharine, t'.qitaio Pare, arrived
this pint ia the sleut piss.ige of go tiav
hum r.u it. We liave tv-eu fat on >1
Mr. T.ipl.iT vvilh L'.ud u papers to Ap r ti r
I’ll "if euiilents Im giu to assume uini-e nt.
esl and import.nice than those brought hv
former and ri eent arrivals *’rn;n them
tide (I Med, Good in 5th, given h Imv. ji . ■
nears, that the oego latinos lit ivv en Turk'
and Russia will not lermiaate so f.ivic h
to peace as had been In fore anticipated.—
We have never seen any previous laliguicr
•f the Courier, upon tins subject, which
i ul -it il cide.llv a vv a. Ifv* i haiaeter. I'
vo'ilil seem also to hive liciui |u ooi|)loil In
iiithentic information, as hot to., d >vs fie
fore the same paper had said. i. derided
terms, there could he rm doubt that pea.a
would he pieserv ,*d.
Tile subject of opening the West I nil •
trade ha- been brought hef uc Parliament,
ami from the manner ia which il was
brought forward, il seems 1 igbi, |i r
that this ineasore, re, o.nimeod d hv th<
ministry, and supported with its influence,
will receive (tie appro!) it ion of |> ilia meld.
'i’lio Courier of Hi. .2d ol contains a
series of olfi.i.il papers ri I dive to the Afti
i m Slave Trad, printed by the order of
the House i I < uinnmois. which pr.scnl
tie Iaoclioh evidence ol the increase of (his
execrable ti attic. A report upon the agri-
I'oltnral distre-ses ot the country fiari al-i
bleu made to the House of (aiininons.hu.
Old ai led npn . The Cnurier pr o,. „ u a-
an ale • - expose' of the slate of the rimutrv,
while the opposition papers are loud in con
demning il as fillaeions and inisalisfaeloiy.
Il recommend * m meusur. s for Ihe permo
ooot rein f of ihe agriculiiial distresses, hot
proposes some temporary expedients.
t ill) di-tm li.on'i s. uutiagi-s, and murders,
I’ontiiiind io I eland Execution# of the
liscor.tentrd were constantly lairing plus--,
iiudol the protection of a pmvorfid million
escort. The discontented qipegir to be well
supplied vvilh anus and animuiiilinn.
London, April 3
There are several accounts of llie na
val action between the Greek# A; Tuik-
at the entrance of the Gulplt of'Lepanio,
to which, it is stated, tiie latter were de
feated. The battle was a very blond#
one. The Parks Inst 25 ships of war,
•m l the Greeks 15. It i« stated, that Ihe
fortress of (Parin'h surrendered to tin-
Greeks th. first week in Februarv.
llie ac.t.ount# are repeated of the
dea li of Ah Pacha. When hi# head
was fixhihnnd at Constantinople, a scr >11
>vas attached to it coni fining a statement
of hi* mines, and concluding thus : ‘'Be
hold the head separated from the body
ol that traitor Depedi letnli All Pacha,
irom whose cunning, perfidy am! lyrm
in, the faithful are at length delivered.”
It ivo# sai l that tie. was 8 1 years old.
There were some rimo is proceedings
in Madrid on the 2uth of March. 1 hey
were, however, suppressed, and Iran
quility restored by the interference ofa
body of cavalry and the militia. F In r*
were also disturbances on the 18th »'
Pampnluna, ami on the same day at Bur
go#. At the former | lace two officer-
and thirteen men were killed, and I utv
wounded. An inquiry into these rims
was moved in the sitting of the Cortes rfi
the 26th.
Im.-tDO-t. April 5.
The content# of the F enrh p per# re
reived this morning, as might ha ex a d,
are of a must warlike character ; an,I it can
he no lunger doubted, w e apprehend, t*. .t
the paeitte hopes which were so strongly
entertained a w eek ago are now, if not at an
end, at !.';t't eiinsid* i ably il.ntioisli .1, Tie
e uise of this sudden elnnge in tile temp.'
of ilia Turkish gmeminent has not tr.u.«
phid; and in the ibrenre of positive facts,
conjecture, as usual, i.s very .nctn e. Stuni
- ly that Ihe Divan have been all along eaj.i
ling the F.ornpr.m Ministers nt Coiisiaidiuu
(de, in mder to gain lime, other-, that tin
late of Ali Par In liar inspired this fatal
-rgy ; while a third class of reasuneis m i .
aiii, that the dread of provoking the J. ■ -
*ane# Il is induc'd the Sultan to '*i onl *
his pacifle policy. Il may tie that id' ihe-i
various motives are among the iog'idi.
of that resolution which iqip ars to h .
i**"*" docii.ivi |y taken at 11 * ; hot, on th
it her hand, it i# just as likely tint mere ha.
harian caprice is the snlilary cause. 'J'h
political consequences to which n war wi
mad, we shall not even glance at, till th
fart 'hat war will en c.ie Is more t" Plain.
T e (fit'irlris Kevtnuc.—'l'lie Quarter's
Revenue is generally made up on the 5th
of A pril; fmt tbn 5tb fulfil ■; on G ,*
tile Quart! i was made up lit in,.,;,
are happy to say, that Care is an mere,:.., •
upwards of four hundred Ihowm it p , ,
upon a comparison with the • ( .uUieg
Quarter of last year.
Frankfort March 28.- Ye'lrud.ij’* adv inr
put an cud to doubts of which our tqiccu-
lalors had been the prey during se.iviul
days previously.—Sevn.il of the principal
commercial luiuses of this town have re
ceived letters from Vienna, with the im
portant intelligence that tile I’uite Ins re
fused to accede to the demands of Russia,
and that all the negodatioiwat Gow,tautiu»-
ple are broken off'.
ERITTION OF MOt'.Tr VcsL'nua.
Naples, Feb. 25.
On thr* 13th of this month two loud
subterraneous explosions were heard ia
the neighbouring communes of Vesuvius „
these phenomena usually precede each
eruption. From the night of the 16th.
to the 17th the detonations were renew
ed with violence, and were heard from
hence. On the following day it emitted
a thick smoke ; on the 18th it began t*
throw up a shower of cinders and atones*
and soon after fragments of inflamed lava,
Fins eruption again covered tho w holcv
extent of the crater, a width of about-
twenty toise# forming a crown of fire.—
For the two following days the eruption
became mare violent, and the boiling;
lava, which was filling the crater and
'hreateuing at every moment to break:
over it# sides, was seen distinctly during
the night. At length, on the 21st, ti.,-
I iv a lorced its vv min the •.•>"1.#. j.-.Ai
* f the mountain by a new opening Hour
■' hi' h il flowed in great ah imieuee.—*
l’lie (low lug took its ifiioctn ri -lot. ly (if.
tan a ti'isfi a minute) towards the. He-mi
lage of Saint 5 Bator. Duffing the ic.ct
following day # the s mic | In nomcna
succeeded, without interuption, bit
without ii ere of force. Vester day#
toward# ten oVIc k in the tnonnugs
1 *■ violence et the eruptionwas soJ-
ulv redoubled. The lava, vvbii h
> ontimied Jawing into the -ame di-
reetion vv hen reached the teni'iry of
the Cantrotii, turti'd i s roursc towards
he vvc«t. and pre ipitat d itself into a
''alley. In the evening Vesuvinr pre- 1
-elite.I to the inhabitant# of N iiih s they
■ uput h #pe tacle of a river of fire, rol
ling down the skirts of the mountain,
'"tough clouds of smoke. A brillimt
fi.utie arose from the crater. an.J not Inn J
I t run bled this splendid evening, not ev i u
the l.-ar# and disi#!r r# w hirh are too of
ten excited by thi# terrible phenonirni-
I hi# lime the lava took it# direction lino*
far d- already burned and entirely dr#t rt,
I on! nu property appeared threat! to ri
j '»itli desolation. \ esurius appeared
calm to-day. hut a bnlliant sun prevents
us from discovering what i# passing otV
the mountain.—Fun'.# paper.
LATEST FROM ENGLAND.
N i. *v- A or tc April I I.
I lie elegant ship Florida, ( apt Mat-
i.ack, arrived at a late hour lust evi tiuqj
horn Liverpool, vvhu h place she leli on
the 8;h ol April. U e have received pa
per# of that date and London pupers to'
hie evening of the 7th no. lusivc.
Il will be seen by the following ex-
tracts, that it i# bighlv probably a war'
between Russia & I ui key »ill take place*-
London, (Courier) April 6.
I lie adi ire# tro n Constantinople, arw
to March 6th. The Divan assembled on
the ‘■itt'li of February to take into con
sideration the note of the Ambassador#,
I he result was a reply not so fat oiii'iibl*-
lo peace as was expected. “ The As
sembly unanimously resolved, that tho
propositions contained in the Russian u!~'
timatum wi re ofa nature that could nut
he an opted.” Subsequently repeated
interviews took place between Lord
Stranglurd and the Hei# Effendt, which
terminated abruptly ; and on the 3J, »
note was delivered to the English and
Aiiniiati Ambassador.#, of which the ft; I -
lowing In# been given as the substance
I In Divan witnesses with pleasure
the efforl# which it# friends, the Ambas
sadors ol England aud tho Austrian In-
lerniinciu, to adjust Ihe differences which-
have iiriseu between the Sublime Forth
ami the C/.ai' of the Muscovites ; but
the Divan views, a# useless to the pro
posed object, all larlher discussion cun-
taineil to the Russian ultimatum—pro
positions which are imcumpatible with
llie sovereignly of hi# Higline#.#.
“ U would be desirable that ihe abova
mentioned Ambassador# would irn.kor,
known to their Courts llie subjects ef
complaint Hindi the Forte has against
lie Muscovites, viz. That the Russian
Consul#, clioseii Irom the Greek nation,*
thinking tliein«i lie# sec ire under theit*
Dural ( .r Russian 1 Her of n iitnaliza-
iou) ii ivc openly taken part# in tlnv.
plu# which have Ik’i ii concert ul ut
Smyrna aud iu the isles -f tlto Ai'Chipp-'
I ig ., to ntsurrecciont-'' llie Itajai.s (#ub
Jew's of tli' i’. r'.c ;) that a llutsi.in ship
I ; b n mi ii arm# .V. ummiimRon, ! a s been
it !/■ d in the Gulf of Samuil, when on
e p
>rr.h
.« y ho.
and ai
f # R ug for I#paf t ; that the
Ode#sa #‘ nl to th" Gn jj.
net and conn, snppli is tf
- ; ; n tho strait • f titer
V tiiMur Y . ti e 'i,
1 ’. n nt ill lin#-i I,”
t " i* 'i• ■ i!*11 m, rum- ts
i I ' f a troup coni.
t ‘ ip I !! ns- ian-. #' '/ d
po' f. d nth t e film-
I III I'll "I# ' -' * h ■ 1 !' I !'• \\ alia-
ind i I'd .if I on I'ien# i xi i’i•.»
>fthe 1 1 it'-1<> itisurt' a n,’
otni me tleou the pi ! of Lii#“ia ;
i tint}., the Court I" Itu#• i i b d
If i latPd that ;ll II I- u n • lie w . Ir nf
parti ular imli< i but!#, vvlm cbdiriep.
rsitlon to thr v-ill f '!,e F. nii"i r ; '• tT
that. notwiili#tandinglbi# dpi laratem.the
ti ;i'or Michael Siz'o ofoo having w-
epiicd the gate# of J i# ■ v to Y -i! inti, end
after having decapi'a'e I etal Tntks
who tended Ihertylkd to Kusiia, where
ttie pnidi
j and pi
tli.t i