Newspaper Page Text
. B7Q.&W. ROBERTSON,
Eunr.unr.ns ok tiik, laws or Tint union.
DEIOY CAPER, i !
COUNTRY PAPER,
EIGHT 1)01.1. ANV
: nvR noi.MRs
vessel, after night, and one in which specie
wne transported from the ehore in the boats
to an American vessel.
form any satisfactory opinion.. From the
representations of Gen. Gninos that forty-
nine fiftieths of the creek nation were oppo
sed to the treaty ; from the insinuation -by:
nmi. Androws, of" corruption”; and from (hi
. , J . .. .. .< ...L'C. .... .CU.Uis.
of the Chiefs ; hut in the absence of such
intbrmatiou which we had no means of ob
taining, we have examined carefully the
.denatures to the treaty made at the Indian
Springa'in 1821, and compared them with
attempt toexercisoa partial ownership over ample between a Judge and tho accused pi
the land is in violation of the treaty, and it which he does not hesitate severely t„
becomes the duly of the U.S. to interpose; -
hat tho consent of the Indians, even if pro
perly obtained, could not give the right, be-
Mr. Vaughn, tho new Minister from bold charge against the integrity ol'M’lntbsh-those 10 the Treaty concluded at the same cause they urebutonsol the contracting par-
! ■ . and his party and against his commtasionefs, ~i—- is.i........ i—• 'ni.„ — >i.. ...j ilaUhaal nmnnimant isonnsti.
Great Britain, to tho United Statos, arrived . )U Jj c m jndwns filled with suspicion.—
mil. Ui. is asY.'.-f. .l. i! a a„ Js„Uw. il..i it
fleet upon both the Governor and tile L - "
latlire. Circumstances like these i, a . a
nothing to do with the main mutter in *
SATURDAY MORNING, AUGUST 27.
gainst the agent,
Latest from E n plan d
-Tho Manches-
The Committee of Hoaltb of the city of
Augusta, state that tho city was never in a
more healthful condition at this season of
the year, than at present, and that no case
of small pox or any disease resembling it.
has occurred during the present year.
The gallant, the indefatigable Porter—
the hero of Valparaiso, who with the flag of
"Free Trade and Sailor’s Rights," at his
mast bead,contended against an overwhelm
ing superiority of force, until his vessel was
a wreck and two-thirds of his brav.e seamen
Weltering in their gore upon her deck, and
who more rccer.tly has sacrificed hiscomfort,
broken his constitution by disease, end en
dured sufferings of every description, ill a
destructive climate—whose whole life has
been devoted to the service end glory of
bis country, has, been sentenced to sus
pension from the service, of which he was
the pride and boast, fur the tern; of six
months. I.et it be known to the people,
that the trhnet for which this sentence has
been visited upon this faithful servant, are
his having demanded and obtained peacea
ble satisfaction, from a nest of freebooters-
for an insult to the American flag, for which
he deserved the thanks of his country v for
writing letters to the President and one of
his Secretaries, asking an investigation of
his conduct, and for supporting a character
dearer to him than life, by the publication
of his Defence before the Court of Inquiry,
befbre the decision of the President was
published—an offence under all the circum
stances of his rccal, &c. not only not of a
flagrant but a perfectly excusable character.
We hazard nothing in saying, that an
act of more cruel injustice, has never been
committed in our country, than on this oc
casion, to a deserving and patriotic officer;
nor has a greaier injury ever been done to
our navy than by this sentence. If this be
- the reward of those who serve their coun
try for offences so venial, no honorable man
will be found to bold a commission—no of
ficer will dare avenge an insult to his flag,
without first asking leave from the depnrt-
..tnent, ant) the chivalric spirit and becoming
pride which should animate the seaman
will be broken down by the terrors of a
Court Martial and intriguing foes at home,
where he should find defenders and friends.
The following letter from Com. Pouter,
to the President, which forms a prominent
feature in the charge of insubordination, and
conduct unbecoming an officer, and is con
sidered by the Court as fully proving vhal
.charge, will afford some idea of the nature speculations. We consider the historical
Of the charges and the proof We duly account and the argument of the Review
any man to shew in this communication the * better calculated to make an impression on
least disrespect, much less insubordination , the public mind than the ablest version w'e
or unofficeriike conduct. , have seen of them. The numerous refer-
copv. | enees in this Review to the various treaties
. Captain Porter-has the honor,erespect- i with the Indians, and to the laws and public
fully, to stale to the President of the United documents, explaining the policy of the go-
States, that, agreeable to tin; suggestion of vernment towards them, were unnecessary,
■the President, he, on the I Gill oflast month
addressed a letter to the Secretary ol tho
Navy, requesting an investigation of his
conduct in relation to the affair ol Foxardo,
and-the-charges of Mr. Randall, as early as
•was consistent with lift public fill crests
at Washington on tho 12th inst. He .is We were among tha first to declare that if
represented as a gentleman of fine ednea- the Treaty had been ntoourod by the Means
, , . .. i, sinuated. It was aliku due to the IndUoa
tion, ot solid judgment, of liberal principles, i||( , tho chMlclcr 0 | t h t . United States, that
and possessed of assiduous habits for busi- the fact ahnuld be distinctly ascertained—
ness; that he is a great favorite of the Brit- and that if there be any well founded ob,
. ’ , . ,, , . jcr.tion to its validity, it should be annulled,
ish Government, am) of bland aud prepoa 0(lr 0|mliun all || j am | such must bo
sossing manners. the feeling and opinion of every honorable
—— man in Georgia. But ought we, hastily to
A letter from the Rev. W. Capers, late taku'for granted a state ol things wkich pla-
c&sstf.soft's?
among the Creeks, is published in the , jo!I ? j t j 8 tfteir treaty negotiated and rati-
Charloston Courier, in which he etates in fled by them. Their commissioners are said
reference to a passage in Governor Troup’s to have It opwihr ud la ftw
, • / * . . council with the Indians, during the agency
lute letter to tho President, that the resolu- Crowell, who was then is much
tionB against the Indian Agent Crowell, al- • opposed to it os lie uow is. No matter with
luded to by the Governor, wore on grounds what haste the Treaty was sent to Wash-
. 7 , ’ , • inglon ; although it arrived." tn 19 days
distinct from the complaints now made a- wa8 submitted to the Senate the very
last day of Us session,’’ as the Review says,
yet this dispatch, so necessary to enable the
Senate tn act upon it before they adjourned
ter and Euphrates, arrived at NffW-York,jwasnot^great butth.t
furnish dates from Liverpool to the 7th Ju
ly. The political intelligence is unimport
ant.
The advices of the Cotton Market arc far
from satisfactory. The continued heavy
import from Egypt, Brazil, and the U States
seemed to destroy confidence in the state
ments that the general supply would not
much exceed that of last year; and, in con
sequence, pricuB were lower, and very little
business was doing when the Euphrates
sailed—the sales of Cotton for three days
previous, being only 390 hales. Under the
commercial head will be found an extract
from a Circular, of tho 1st of July, with
which we have been favored.
There are sumo unfavorable accounts
from Greece, stating that Rednchid Pacha
had been reinforced, that the Ottomon and
Egyptian forces increased daily, that the
Greek Chiefs are absenting, &c.—»'l which,
wo iiiulertase to say.iB mere Turkish hum
bug.
An expedition of 3000 men is, stated to
be preparing at Cuffiz, intended for tile Ha
vana.
Several hundred houses had been swept
away by the rise ef the Ganges at C-oram-
porc, East Indies—including the Missiona
ry establishment. Some part of the paper
and types were saved.
Georoia & the United States.—From
its importance the Georgia controversy has
become a fruitful theme of comment through
out the Union. Tho must elaborate article
to which it has given rise, made its appear
ance some'short time ago in the New-York
Review.' It was eagerly copied in the first
instance by that friend ol the Southern
States, the Editor of the N. York American
and lauded by him in theniost complimenta
ry terms. Although it beam upon its face
the impress of partizan Zeal, ami contuins
the harshest and most tinjustifiablo expres
sions, it has been copied as orthodox by
several prints; whilst others have drawn
from it. the principal arguments and facts,
mixed them up with their own flourishing
except to show the research of the author
into two or three volumes of lie U S. laws,
&c. But, perhaps, he belongs to that “ on
lightening" class of politicians to whom Gon.
Gaines refers in his last .letter to Governor
Troup. Is it not wonderful that this au
and on the same day he received what pur-; ^hor did not give us an account ol tho habits,
ported tq be the Secretary’s reply, inform- pursuits and religious opinions of tho almri
ing him that tho Executive' had determined 1 g'na's of America ? The benevolent design
that a Court should be formed to examine ■ °l the goversmerit to teach the Indians the
into the occurrences as soon as circtunstan-. arta ot civilized life, and to remove them to
ces will permit. Captain Porter conse
quently wailed with patience until the 13th
of this month, when, nut being sbld to learn
that any steps were taken towi rds the ac
complishment of the Executive will, he
again addressed the Secretary in the most
urgent but respectful manner, to cause his
conduct 'o be investigated, and allow him,
ifinuoeent, to relieve himself from the truly
unpleasant situation iu wiiich the order for,
liia recall has placed him. No notice has
yet been taken of this request, and Captain
Porter, despairing of justice from any othor
quarter, begs and intreats that the Presi
dent of the United States will cause it to be
rendered him.
April 17, lt*A
Of one thing Com. Porter may rest as
sured—the people arc with Hm.
The Petersburg Intelligencer says, “from
certain indications we think the course of the
Generul Government will be, not to oppose
“ force by force” under any circumstances
that may arise; and Governor Troup may.
ff he thinks proper, carry into effect his de
ti rinination to survey the Creek Lands im-
mediately, even in defiance of the treaty
stipulations.”
The Court Martial on the case of Cap
tain Stewart. was organized on the 18th
instant. Com. Barron, President, Richard
, S. Coxu, Judge Advocate. Messrs. Hop
kins and Taylor.- were engaged as Counsel
for the accused—and Mr. Stansbury, ste
nographer.
, There tre four general chargea and thirty
nine specifications, the reading of .which
took .up halfan hour. The examination of
Lieut. Hunter, first Lieutenant, of the
Franklin, established the facls in two in
stances of currying specie from the shore on
pntrd tbs Franklin, ,by tbs hosts ut' that
a more distant and eligible part nfnurcnun
try. has been long kiiown and approved by
the people.
The. rejection of the militia claims of
Georgia, for nearly thirty years, and I ho de
lay of the U. S. to comply fully with an
“ agreement” solemnly entered into to ex
tinguish the title to the land in question.
haVe for years, been subjects of complaint
with the people of the stntc. The extin
guishment ofthe Indian titles in the neigh
boring stntes had driven l he Indiana in grua
ter numbers within her territorial limits'—
Feeling the effect of this increase in tho
number of her troublesome neighbors,., and
seeing the frequency and facility with whied
Indian cessions were obtained.her complaints
assumed a stronger tone, and the united re
monstrances of her delegation in Congress
was followed by the appointment- of com
missioners to negotiate the late troty. It
is upon that Treaty, taken in conjunction
wilhthe agreement upon which it is bot
tomed, that the Rights of Georgia mainly
rest. The cession procured by the U. S.
however extensive or cosily, had not been
satisfactory to tho Georgians. Whether
they ought to have been so or not we do not
undertake to decide. The contiguity oft Peso
Indians, tho trouble and Vexation they gave
Hie whites, and especially since they have
been brought within a narrower compass
place in February last. The result ot our ties, and "tho national government is cousti-
examination is, that the first Treaty has tuiionally charged with negociating with all
twonty-six and the Uut has fifty-two Indian tho Indian tribe*.” This is the broad ground
Signatures. General William M’Intash’s. as to mniml. One less comprehensive ha.
is the first Indian signature to both Treaties - been taken ; that the consent of the Indi-
Rwd the Big Warriors’* name is npt signed
to either of them. The laet Treaty is sigiyd
by Eight of the Chiefs (nearly one-third of
the whole nulnber) who made tho Treaty
of 1821,tn wit;—General William M’lu-
tosh, Holahtau or Col. Blue, Elomme Tus-
tunnuggee, Chnwacala Micco, Wuluceo
Hajo. Joseph Marshall, Niucomatocliee.
ana was never obtained properly; and, that
oven if it bad been, it has been since re
voked by an almostTmanimous voice. Upon
these points the controversy seems now
principally to turn.
May we not ask, if the terms ofthe trea
ty are not in fact ambiguous ? If no pre
paratory measures for taking possession of
Ahalacn Yoliplo. The remaining oighteun ' the lands in Georgia was contemplated by
was laid before the government and, if we,
are not mistaken Col. Crowell was himself
at Washington exerting his influence against
it attlie time it was ratified. Is it not tair to
presume that every objection now urged to
this abused instrument was then fully known
tn the government t If new facts have been
brought to light by the vigilence ofthe gov
eminent agents, they will no doubt be be
fore the Executive. The representations of
Crowell in March last at Washington, if at
all credited by ihe President musl have in
duced him to delay so’mitting the Treaty
to the Senate, until further enquiry lias been
had on the subject. But if they failed to
have this qttect with the President, we
should suppose the Senate would have had
some regard to t|in honor ofthe nation now
said to be slauind by the transaction.
The argumonts & feeline declamation of
the blind partizans ofthe administration, in
tended,In be levelled at Georgia, apply, (if
they have any application at all) to the go-'
vernment of the Union. For ourselves we
disclaim all prejudice on this subject. Truth
and Jtislicn are our great objects—VVe
would neither blindly praise “ the powers
mat be,” nor hastily censure'them. All
public men smild ho tried by rheir acts—and
ii|ion an impartial enquiry into them, an en
lightened public will pronounce a just ver
dict.
We do not understand that it was ever
denied by the friends ofthe treaty, but tiiat
there was a parly ofthe Indians violently
opposed to it from its formation. It is con
tended, however that this party has hern
greatly augmented by the influence and im
proper conduct of the public A gents, whose
duty it was to reconcile these ignorant peo
ple to the bcnevolei t views oi the govern
ment. It is important that this charge
should be impartially enquired into. The
public have, as yet, little more than asser
tion anil counter.assertion upon it. One
fact, however, is known in relation to aeon-,
spiciotis Ir.dinn ; but how many more there
are in his situation, we have no means of
judging. We allude to Joseph Marshall—
This man is one ofthe signers ofthe treaty;
and al hough he belonged to “ the little
treaty making party,” Tie is now most vio
lently opposed to the treaty, and General
Gaines has, in a measure, become responsi
ble for his good character. May we not
ask, was that honest and consistent man bri
bed l If so. was he bribed to sign or dis
avow the treaty ? Wc are left in two much
uncertainty nbout the history ofthis ioseph
to be satisfied with what he says or certi
fies.
Tin*, principal effort ofthe review and of
its copyists, and of others who hud not been 1
" enlightened" by it when they wrnt.e, has
been directed to the invalidation ofthe trea
ty, and to create prejudices against it in the
minds of a genci'oos and high mioilod peij-
ple. The noble sympathies of our hearts are
attempted to no excited iu behalf of a raco
of men once tho lords of this land; but who
have boen rapidly disappearing from the
face of the earth, and are already reduced
to a lew scattered remnant* of mighty na
tions. Instead of arguments, drawn from
facts to prove the fraudulent character ol the
treatv, our feelings rather than our jmlg-
... Tq
Indian signatures to tho treaty of 1821, are
dertainly not known to the white people us
of higher grade or of mure importance in
tho Nation, tharf-an equal or greater num
ber who signed the last Treaty, including
the Marshalls, Millere, Kanards, Tusiun-
nuggees, Hnjos, Micos,” See.
The striking disagreement between these
two state moots as to matters of fact, cun-
not be overlooked. Wc do not believe that
the treaty of 1821 has ever Ken objected
to. The commissioners wire negotiated the
late treaty have always been considered ho
norable men ; they have declared it was
fairly made ; and we understand they intend
to submit to the public an expose ou the
subject. The compensation secured to M’-
Intosh is said to bo in consideration of a
valuable piece of property included in the
ceded territory, and to which he had a title
as an individual. The Creeks who fought
against us in the lute war. and who were
aubdued bv tho assistance of the M’Intosh
parly, were opposed to the treaty from the
beginning ; but us tho lands on which they
resided in Alabama were not ceded their
opposition was disregarded by the friendly
Indians, and we presume by the President
and Senate And it has been said that
whatever right they had in common to the
lands in Georgia, was forfeited by their eon-
duct in the war, and become vested in the
Georgia Creeks by the right of conquest.
But waiving this view, it bec.omes-a question
whether if tho lands were partitioned off,
I Im Alabama Creeks have not -yet secured
to them their full share >
Under ull these circumstances, we repeat,
is it not premature ; is it not unjust towards
Mr. Monroe, Mr. Adams and the Senate
id pronounce this instrument the offspring
affraud ! Are the violent denunciations
of infuriate partizans, sufficient; in the ab
sence ofall other testimony, to justify such
a conclusion ? Ought we not to wail fur:
liter deve.lopements / We freely confess
thnt suspicions havo been created in our
mind, nud that we are still anxiojiB that *11
the facts touching the subjects' should be
fully and fearlessly brought out by a deli-
berate anil impartial investigation. Char
ges have been roundly made,and it is duetn
i ho character of the nation that every impu
tation upon its magnanimity and its justice
should lie wiped oft'; either by dispelling
tho haze which has been thrown around
the subject or by ferriting out tho alleged
fraud and annulling the treaty. We say,
as every just man must say,Jiat justilia, ru-
at caelum
If the treaty be fraudulent, and therefore
invalid, ii confers upon Georgia no rights
which she did not possess before it was made
—But who, in the present state of things, is
authorised to pronounce such a decision?—
What new facts were, known to Mr. A. to
create this impression on his mind (if it ex
isted) at the-time he instructed Gen. G. to
prevent the surveys? If thut instruction
grew out of such an opinion, we contend it
was due to Georgia, as ail independent state
that the itnpressiud of tile President should
have been frankly communicated to the Go
vernor—that the testimony should have
been spread before him, and the reasons for
requesting him tn abandon, for the present,
his contemplated surveys, should have been
explicitly stated. If these representations
had been made, accompanied hy a deter
mination to inquire into all the circumstan
ces affecting tin: validity of the treaty, can
any man believe that the Governor, with all
his confidence in the treaty and his anxiety
to get possession of the land, would huve
hesitated to comply ? Such an investiga
tion, involving the honor of the country,
cotild not, as we humbly conceive, have
boon otherwise than acceptable to Georgia,
and especially since insinuations were made
to her prejudice. But this whole supposi
tion is forced and unreasonable. Mr. Ail
ments are called upon to decide. To rouse am9 was fully acquainted with the history
them the more effectually glowing pictures of(he treat „ jj e wa , in possession „ t '
are drawn in a style of pulpit eloquence of (j rHWe ||t s objections to it when it was rati
unprovoked invasion —" triumphs over an( j no <.iRcial investigation of which
wc hove any knowledge liari taken place up
to the time Gon. Gnmcb’s instructions were
issued. VVe conclude therefore, that they
wero given Ibr other reasons deemed equal
ly good. B t what is the precise character
the rights of humanity”—•• merceless ex
terminations of the aboriginal race”--
GothB aud Vandals”—Unrelenting con-
qnerors of Hispaniola and Mexico”—Cold
blooded, dnliberato. unnecessary perfidy”—
“perfidious and dastardly inhumanity «<’, Jf muse.instructions, we know not; exefipt
Christian Republicans towards defenceless ,h a t wo learn from the correspondence pith-
Indians. lislied, that Gog. G. is required or consid-
ers it his ditty under thorn, to prevent the
surveys, undto protect the Indians.
The protection of the Indians “against
the onoroachinents, hostilities and imposi-
Indians.’
We will not repeat the coarse and vulgar
epithets which have boon literally showered
upon the devoted heads of Governor Trodp
and the people of Georgia. The conduct of
Gov. T. can, ill no way, affect the obliga- j lions of tho whites,” ns guaranteed by the
ttons ofthe U. S. to make such a treuty or j into treaty, was a duty imposed upon the
its validity, since it has been made.—The , U S. hv mofal, as well as pre-existing writ
Review contains no argument on the qnes 'ten obligations. But another enquiry liore
tion of validity ; nothing but declamation, presents itself—Had Georgia the right un
intended to rouse our pnssinns, and enlist
our prejudices in anticipation ofun expected
report on the subject. The only material
facts it alleges are thus stutod :
“ The treaty wrb signed by M’Intosh and
tier the treaty to enter upon these lands for
tho single purpose of surveying them ? If
not, did the consent of the Indians making
the treuty confer that right ? The terms of
the treaiy are liable to two constructions,
one other chief, the other Indian signors which have been, accordingly, put upon
not being chiefs nor representotivesof towns j thorn. It is declared that “ whereas the
and having no legal right tn sign the treaty : said emigrating party cannot prepare for
on behalf of the Creeks, which they did ot ! " 1 “ —>—c—
the instigation of M’Intosh It is a strong
argument against its validity, that, witli
the exception ®fM’Intosh and Riomine Tus-
tunnuggee, none of the Creek chieftains,
with whom tho Creek treaties have been u
have, if we have been correctly informed, soallv concluded, appears to hnve signed nr
constituted, one osthogreat,grnunds of coni 'sanctioned this treaty, so vitally important
plaint. Georgia has hod two objects, in # to their welfare. The custom of that na-
view ; the one Ui get possession ofthe lands ; tion liasheen to form a council ofthe rupre-
'he other to rid herself of a population in sentative chieftains, amounting to about for-
every way objectionable. As the one ob- ty or fifty, a"d then to negotiate and sign
jectwas o # uimp!ished, the other became the treaty—This treaty, however, bears
more desiiuble. It is true the U, S. have none of those nulrks of authenticity.. It is
made Many efforts, and succeeded in many concluded ot a distance from the nation,
tnatAhccs in purchasing Indian titles. But upon a Bliort notice, and with a chieftain,
they had not dono all they undertook in ei- who, is secured a personal compensation of
ther respect until the late Treaty promised 425,000 by tho treaty, and who is, besides,
its final accomplishment. mnde the agent for the lands transferred.
But preliminaryTo any investigation ofthe This argument has already appeared in
rights and obligations created by the treaty, another quarter; and ill Ihe Miliodgeville
Its validity, so formidably assailed, becomes Recorder, the following answer to it is
a qiestnn of serious importance. It it one, given
immediate removal, the U. 3. stipulate for
their protection against the.encroaclimonts,
hostilities and impositions ofthe whites and
of all others"—and September, 1826, is de
signated as the period before which they
cannot be compelled to move. In constru
ing this stipulation the Executive and Le
gislaturo of Georgia consider, that, as the
right to the soil, is vested in that state, tha
limited and qualified possession reserved tn
the Indians, does not prevent a peaceable
entry and survey ofthe territory, conducted
its framers, why did it not stipulate at once,
that its provisions were not to take oll'ecl
until September, 1828, at which time the
Indians should vacate the lauds and remove
to the place provided for them ? The at
tempt of the National Journal to show that
the conciliatory effort of Georgia to effect
the surveys by the consent of the Indians,
was irregular and unconstitutional, because
in tho nuturo of a treaty, is scarcely wor
thy of notice- It is but one ofthe many
tmsiTuble quibbles to which that sycophant
print so often feels itself compelled to resort.
Will airy impartial msnauy that it is un
constitutional in tlie Governor of a state to
ask permissh u of a tribe of Indians resi
ding within thnt state, to.pass over the lands
they temporarily occupy, aud mark the
trees; or do any other innocent and inuffen
sive act ? in the estimation of, some men
the constitution confers no powers, and se
cures no rights but to the National Govern
ment. Every thing is tending to one great
consolidated, National Government, which
according to the prophetic language of Pat
rick Henry. “ will swallow up -the liberties
of the people.” To ere is a tribe of Indians
in Virginia owning a considerable body of
lands; suppose the state wished to sends
gents through those lands for any given pur-
po o, not prejudicial to the possession or re-
pore ot the Indians. According to this
new doctrine, it cannot be done without
“consulting the general government"—
whose permission must be obtained! Wc
cun conceive no other ground on which the
President could have requested a suspen
sion of the surveys in Georgia, but a con
victim on his part, that if they were per
severed in, it would add to the excitement
of the Indians; itiflunie their animosities
against each other, and add to the difficul
ties of removiug them, if it did not produce
bloodshed. But these, in our opinion, were
justifiable grounds for suqh a request: aud
if Ins apprehensions were well founded (as
they have appeared to us to bej Gov. T.
ought to have promptly complied. Thu
communication of such a request, However,
accompanied by a threat or menace, (and
we certainly have not misunderstood Gen
U’s. intimation,) was well calculated to
add to the excitement which unhappily ex
isted in Georgia. Was such a course, wo
ask. consistent with that respect which is
due to the rights of a Sovereign State! Gan
it bejustified by the conduct of Gov. T.
whatever may be thought of it? ' It was
the unfortunate lot of that slate to receive
on another occasion an indignity like this.
We had hoped that the same thing would
not have again occurred to her or to. any
other state. While under the impression
that Gon. Gaines’s remark was gratuitous,
wc were disposed to think he had erred in
this respect. But as soon as the correspon
dence in full reached us, we saw that it was
the most delicate course his orders left him
to pursue, and were prompt so to express
ourselves. The period however is not dis
tant when all the circumstances connected
with this-transaction will be fully before
the grandiuquest of the Nation. The Na
tional Journal has endeavored to soften
down t his matter, and refers to the letter of
the Chief Clerk tn tho war office to Gov.T-
to show that “ it is evidently neither a for
bidding nor a menacebut “ it is a friendly
notification that the. government, of Geor
gia is not to rely upon the Genejal Govern
ment in any rash measures to wkich it may
have recourse." This letter lisa been re
cently published. Upon rc-forcnce to it, it
will be found u new made of giving a friend
ly notification.
The attack upon us in the National Jour-
ual is not unexpected ; nor are we disap
pointed in the disengenous and illiberal
spirit in whicn it is made. Whoever utters
a sentiment the least offensive to the mas
ters of that servile press, is sure to draw up-
•ott himself the indignation of its Editors, and
of a corps of pensioned writers who bask in
the sunshine of court favor ; always ready
and alert to do whatever may be thought
acceptable. We have for a long time seen
thetendency ofthe Federal Government to
consolidation. The rights afthe states are
becoming less vmierutcd every day; and
there fo unfortunately an increasing dispo
sition among the people, to acquiesce in
whatever may be doneby that government.
Whether the power to do a particular thing
or not be granted in the constitution it is
sufficient thnt Congress have thought pro
per tv exercise it, or that the Judiciary have
deemed it necessary. In the remarks we
made on tho Georgia controversy, we gave
utterance to several reflections on this ten
dency of the government. It did appear to
us that no mutter what had been the tem
per displayed by the constituted authorities
of that state, a disposition had been mani
fested, uncourtcous towards a stale, if not
regardless ofits rights. The gratuitous in
suit, offered the Governor and Legislature hy
a Clerk attached to the War Office, and
sent on a special duty to thnt State ; the in
structions which we believed had been
given to Gen. Gaines to prevent the sur
veys ; the whole spirit displayed towards
the state, by some ofthe officers ofthe U.
States, and the hue and cry raised against
her by the pensioned presses in every other
stated-all conspired to impress us with a be.
lief that Georgia, as a Sovereign State of
the Union, hau not experienced that res
pect to which she was entitled.
The conduct of her Executive officers for
the time has nothing to do with what is due
to her ae a state. ' If great excitement had
been shown by those temporarily in autho-
pute; but ifthoy are permitted to muli 1| ,|!.'
if clerks and agents from Wanking
to be permitted when sent into the steles to
insult and abuse the authorities of tl
slates; all respect will be Bonn | 08 t'
those authorites, both by the peoiw ,, i
the whole tribe of U. S. Officers. iniii„ r '„
and civil. The catastrophe which Put r ,Jt
Henry, ond the illustrious sages
thought with him, so much dreaded, cannot
be distant, when these things become off,,
piiliar occurrence.
It was under impressions like these »
ther than from any hostility to the n r J st .J
administration or bias in favor ofthe outho
rities of Georgia on the main question that
we made the remarks which have prm ( .s
so offensive. So long us we conduct a t' rr »
press, in the absence of a Sedition Latv
shnll never want the independence to p/
press our opinions, and to sound the alarm
when wc think the danger is opproachinv
When sustaining t he rights ofthe people m
are alike regardless of the noise of court
flies or of humbler insects.
But the insinuation of tho writers far ih c
Journal that wo have given a partial account
ofthe origin ofthe controversy, is eim .
temptible as the miserable quibbles to which
they have resorted in giving to our words
a meaning never intended. We did nut
consider it at all material to go into a long
account of Indian treuties. &<*. The ces”
aioiKof land procured by the U. S. for Geor
gia have been considerable; and solar, an-
execution of the agreement. But it had
not been fully executed—and prior to tha
last winter. Georgia wps in the HRinc situu-
lion as to the removal of the Indians as she
was in 1802.
If the writers in the Journal will consult
the whole tenor of what we have said upm
this subject from the beginning, they wi'l
find thnt our remarks have had two distinct
objects :
1. Briefly to inform our readers of what lmd-
been done, and of what was daily passing —
IVe have endeavored to state thf grounds of
dissatisfaction substantially as they have been
set forth by Georgia. If we omitted any tiling
matcriul it was a statement of what the l nitecl
States h-d done in fulfilment of their contract*
as made out by Mr. Calhoun in March,
However s'rung that document was, it was
followed by further sjfortt on the part of the
U. S. to complete their engagements which
terminated in the late treaty beyond vtli.uh
we need not have gone. Out of this treaty,
we repeat all tht present diflicultv arir.-s,
and in relation to which «.eorgia complains of
the conduct of U 8. Officers,
2 Our second object has beendo show the
impropriety of harsh measures either on the
part of Georgia or the U. 8.—And under this
head we have not failed to comment on these
whose conduct overstepped the bounds ofdu.
ty or propriety.
This article is already too long; and we
must deter until our next, any further notice
ofthe writers of the Journal. We canliaie
no motive to mis t ad the public on this or an*
other subject. And if in the professedly brief
summary we gave, wc' omitted represent;*
tons which others deem important, it is tin*
charitab e to irhpute it to design, or impro
per bias. If we have any bias it Is in favor of
th* people, and ofthe rights of the S**fcs.
The Editors of the National I.itel'igcnct**
copied into their paper alt. our cmarks of the
9th inst. except those which related to the ac
cumulation ofdangerous power in the hands
of the government and the fe.irs to be ap
prehended therefrom to the soter-ignties o|
the states. Of what th y did copy they w. re
pleased to say that they believed it “to be
correct;” anil that it proceeded from * un au
thority a9 honest as it is inte ligent.” For this
they have been as roundly rated in the guv*
eminent paper as we have Can every th njj
be right where all this sensitiveness is fi*ld—
Is it not manifest that certain persons are de
termined, if possible, to exert a control over
the^rcM, and through it. over public opinion?
The servility of that great engine is required
to be absolute and unconditional Thisimmt
the fir-t time that attempts ha\e been maiie
to make the editors of tha paper feel that Ihe
sligh est aberration; that the least exercise of
independent opinion cannot be toU-iatt d.—
If a servility as humiliating as it is a ject be
no required of them why has the gwernnint
paper opened its batteries upon them? Why
did it not content itself with a mere c<jnc>
tion ofthe errors into which it supposed wc
“had run?” And if the re-publication of trea
ties documents, reports, &c 4 be nece^vy w
enlighten the public mind tbeii publication
would answer better than vituptration of
abuse
Inconclusion we must repeat thattlm state
of information before the public dors not un
able us to form a definitive opinion upon the
difleient points involved in the matter. Wc
have expressed our impressions ofthe temper
displayed by Gov. T. of the indecorum of
Major Andrew’s letter; of ‘he claim which
Georgia as a State has, both to the justice of
the U. S. and to their respect and the respect
of their Agents; ofthe measure of justice wc
are bound by every principle of honor hm*
humanity to mete out to a dependant tribe •*’
Indians. ?\nd if the evidence yet to be dis
closed shal change any of these imprisslnui
(and in some respects w'e trust it may) ve
shall be reluctant in avowing it. The Hepor:®
f the Georgia Commissioners in our last am.
he letter of General Gaines, have as yefi*
caped animadversion. They throw more mys
tery and difficulty around the subject Tw
Reports make new complaints of the l’.
Agents and the letter of the General shows
that he has bflfei throw ofT the balance ot
equanimity, which he had before maintained
with so much dignity. The conflict of tesu*
mony and of assertion and counter as<t*rtit.’">
seems to thicken upon us. The actors w
these scenes have dealt so much in pers*»ns*j'
ties and given way so much to prejudice*' 11 ’
feeling, that it is impossible to kn w
statement to believe and what to disbelief
Richmond Knqvi^'
AN APPEAL
TO TliE PEOPLE OF THE U.W"
\ STATES. f
in such a manner asnot to amount to on! rity. wasit not produced by what wascon
“ cni riiBchment, hostility, or imposition.”—! siuered (however erroneously) t comhint-
But that there might be no pretext for dis-, tion of aggravating circumstances? Hea-
satistiiclion, application was made fur the | vy complaints were made againBt the Indi-
ennsent of the Indians who made the ces-, au Agent; a solemn appeal was made to
sinn ; and it was granted freely and fully, the government for his removal, as essenti-
as Ihe authorities of Georgia understood.' al to the interests of Georgia and of the U-
It is then upon thin double authority, as he States; a Special Agent was sent to enquire
conceives, that Gov. T. insists upon the into these complaints; he was asked to sus-
rigltt to make the surveys. On the other pend the accused -pending the investigaton,
hand, ilia contended that under the terms and in yielding to this reasonable request,
however, on which it is impossible, in the ~ “ .We know nothing certain as to the re-'of the ireoiy, no rights whatever arevest- ho forfeits the respect due to a member of
prqaont itslo ol fagta bcforo'the public, te lativeetrength of tbo parties or the gradoa ed in Georgia until Sept. 1828 ;■ that any tho Union, aud writes a latter without ex,-
BV A GEORGIAN.
\ NO. VII. , .
In my lasl I stated that if the blood o
citizen ofthi State of Georgia '
through the Orders of tho General uov
ment, we might consider in the
the Irish patriot pur “ sentence aa' b 01 '%
forever." It would be bondage wrew
we tamely submitted to it. I do not a ^
that our government tq prepared re
duce us to the situation ip which unnsm
Ireland is held by her oppW ssors ' ij
from the conduct ofits Special Age" 1 ’
its Generals, it would appear that " he
hold'much in the same light, anti iu |U-
romplaints and remonstrances ol .
thoritiea Ere considered of the so m
taoc4 m those of that moll d'8 r *
