Newspaper Page Text
office in Mclntosh street
Third door from the North-west corner of
Broad-Street
** of LAND by Administrators, Executors or Gu
avans, are required, by law, to itc held on the first Tues
«»y in the month, between the hours of ten in the fore
noon and three in the afternoon, at the Court House
ill which the property is situate. Notice of these stiles
■“list be given in a public Gazette SIXTY DAYS pre
vious to the day ot sale.
"ales ot NEGROES must be at Public Auction, on the
tits! i uesday ofthc month, between the usual hours of
*ate at tile place of public sales in the comity where the
trotters Testamentary, or Administration or Gunrdian
*nip, may have been granted, first giving SIXTY
IiAYS’ notice thereof, in one of the public Gazettes of '
tins State, and at the door of the Court House where
such sale are to he held.
Net tee tor the sales of Personal Property must be given
in like maimer FORTY DAYS previous to day of sale
Notice to the Debtors and Creditors of an Estate must he
published for FORTY DAYS.
Nolirn that application will he made to the Court of Or
'"nary for leave to sell (.AND, must be published tor
POCR MONTHS.
Nonce for leave to sell NEGROES, must be published
KtUR MONTHS, before any order absolute can lie
given by the Court.
TERMS OF ADVERTISING.
One. square, 12 lines, 70 cents Hie first insertion, and
SO cents afterwards.
LEG AI. AHV ERTIS KME X TS.
Hlu rig's Levies, ;>!l dayss2 50 per levy ;00 days, $5,
Executors, Administrators and Guardians Sales Rea
Estate, (per square, 12 lines) . .!$4 75
lio. do. Personal Estate It 25
Citation for Getters of Administration 2 75
“ “ Dismission 4 50
Notice to Debtors and Creditors 3 25
Four Months Notices 4 00
Rules Nisi, (monthly) $1 per square, each insertion
MT ALL REMITTANCES PER M AII., *nr. *r ot a
K UK.
Augusta, ©covgia.
SATURDAY MOHNINS MAY 11.
Tklegraphic Line to tile Pacific.— Mr.
O’Rfiilly, the celebrated Western Telrgraph
man, proposes a plan for a line from St. Louis
to San Francisco. He ask no government aid,
except the establishment of a line of stockades
at convenient distancee, to serve as stations,
Nit-. Mr. O’Reilly appears in earnest, and from
his known energy and success, under the
most adverse circumstances, in establishing
telegraphic lines, the American people may
reasonably conclude ttie project is one white hr”
i nn be carried into successful operation.
Georgia—lleu Factories and Railroads.
-The Baltimore American says: “Within
the last ten or a dozen years, the State of
Georgia has been devoting her attention and
means to the developement of her internal re
sources, with a zeal and judgment that 1 nve
been crowned with very prosperous results,
factories and work shops have been brought
into operation in rapid succession, giving nexv
and diversified employment to her people,and
affording profitable returns on the invested
capital. She was the first cotton growing
Stale to begin the experiment of working up
her own great staple at home, and her exam
ple, there is no doubt, will, in due time, be
I olio .veil by all the rest. Her railroads, too,
are well managed work-', which xvili compare
favorably with those of any other State for
'.utility and profitable returns.”
'i'n n SrOAK Chop i\ Texas.—The Sugar
crop of Texas for 1850, is estimated at 10,000
hogsheads. It is also estimated that in lees
than five years the crop will he increased to
25,000 hogsheads, and that in ten years from
the present time the quantity grown in Texas
■will eqtnl that, of Louisiana.
lin Alabama Cacitoi— The Alabama Jour
nal says:
We understand that the Governor and
< 'ommissior.crs have contracted with Mr. John
V. high for re-building the State-House for
Jifty-hix thousand dollars. This is an admira
ble selection. Mr. high is a man of character
and standing in our community, and of his
entire capability none will question. His em
ployment will give great confidence in the
c ommunity that the building will bo properly
constructed.
We learn that the expedition in search of
Sir John Franklin, fitted out l>v Mr. Grinnell,
will sail from New York about the 15th in.st.
—They are now waiting for the House bill,
detaching officers and seamen of the Navy to
take charge of the vessels, to pass the Senate.
The vessels going are “The Rescue,” a brig of
isO tons, commanded by Lieut. 8. P. Gridin,
•nd "The LudyJ. Franklin," of about, the
same tonnage,commanded by Lieut. DeHaven.
It is said that the expedition will take with
them a number of small balloons, with mater
ials for generating gas. These balloons are to
h„ cent up with papers attached to them, sta
-ting where the expedition is, and where stores
tin tv he found.
I'n u Pr„u\s.—The officers of the steamer
j- which boat arrived at St. Louis oil
the -Ml hit., from St Joseph, report nearly
ai\ tlion*- 1 ' Ptnigrants in the vicinity of that
place, wlio a v e nlvking active preparations for
;/ni’ly start a.VfIM Jhe Plain®. There was
no k ness of cons 'queue.'-’ among them.
Inn I’uNNßf..— Thp ltn’tggold republican of
the Sth inst. says —ln our h'St issue
■•d that the Tunnel would he completen * n
.lunanex*. It appears that we \verc misiu
fnrmed, as we have since learned that the cars
Mill puss through this subterraneous passage
some time during this or next week. So this
('rent master-piece of work—a work which has j
Jieen the subject of so much speculation, is J
~1 roost finished.
|\ S.—Since the above was put in type, we
have received a letter from the Chief Kngi- {
ueer. in which he states that the first flip to
Chattanooga, through the Tunnel, will be
made to-morrow.
K.ktoriks in Mohii.u. — The Mobile Herald, of j
the Ist instant, thus notices the progress of j
new manufnetnring enterprises in that city :
We stated a week or two since that the
'r,abiding for the Mobile Cotton Factory was
finished and ready for the machinery. It is of
the «.nost substantial brickwork, under a slate
woof, and well ammged in every respect for
Wse -(Murpose for which it is built. Most of the
liiachim'ry has arrived in the bay and will be
delivered daring the week at the factory.
Every thing will be ready to commence work
by the Ist of November.
Mr. J. Blood goad’s factory in the upper
part of the city will probably go into opera
tion before that time. The machinery arrived
some time since, and is now being put up.
I'h#building is a handsome three story struc
ture, and is quite an ornament to that part of
the city.
The paper mill Is also rapidly approaching
completion and will be at work early the com
ing fall. AU the machinery is now on the spot.
It is of the beet quality and embraces all the
latest improvements. ’ l'he proprietors are de
termined to turn out paper of a superior qual
it v. Their success, therefore, will be certain.
These enterprises, sure evidences of the
.steady advancement of Mobile, are but the be
ginning of extensive operations in m&nufac
•turing and mechanical pursuits.
Mruur.it. —-The Charleston Courier of the
says —Coroner Deveaux was called
"bovat o O 'cloek yesterday morning, to hold an
inques*- over the body of Robert, a slave, the
property W. *•’ Willie >’’ li a PP eared in cvi
denee before the jury’,- that an altercation took
place between the deceased, and a negro fel
low, named Abra ham, the property ot Geo.
Fryer, on the premis''* Mr. rest mg
inking-st., a fight "•heri Aur^aur
nek Robert with a knife, caub c 4 Ua
death. The former was arres't® d au<i fonunit
cei to jail, to await his trial be tori' 1 a Court ot
Magistrates and Freeholders.
The River. —The Natchez Free Trader ot
the Ist inet says :
At this point the Mississippi is at a stand;
at Vicksburg it is within six inches of high
water mark, and rising; and at Memphis, it is
coming up at the rate of three feet in twerr.ty
iour hours.
Determined to go to California. —A com
pany bound for California from Cincinnati, in
the steamer Jessup, were joined by a female
in male attire. She was not detected until
almost ready to start, when she was discover
«d, and proved to be the wife of one of the
company- She had expostulated with her
husband against going,.but he being determ
ined, she resolved to accompany him and share
hia fortune. So ye Benedicts, California bound
■who go against your wives' consent, look out
that you do not find yourselves in their agree
able company on shipboard, nolens te(ens~
fixchange,
GEORGIA WHOM lOASTniTIIMIIST.
BY JAMES GARDNER. Jr
Justice ta Col. Denton
The Richmond Examiner, a print edited
with unflinching fearlessness and frankness
by Mr. Daniel ot Richmond, a gentleman of
high character and intelligence, “ gives the
Devil his due” as follows :
“ The late scene in the highest counsel of
the American people, is the theme of every
tongue, and the source of the deepest, the
bitterest and the most sincere concern to
every heart that values the fair fame of this
country. It will ring through every land of
the earth. It will point and poison the pen
of the European scribbler against popular
rights and republican government. It can
neither lie excused or palliated. There the
facts stand. The highest representative of a
sovereign State leaves his seat, and rushed
down the aisle of the American Senate, to
inflict personal violence on—to cuff and thump
nother Senator; and this last draws a re
volver from iris pocket—the weapon of bullies
and bravos —with which to murder his an
tagonist in the presence of the august assem
blage. It is much to be regretted that Mr.
Foote should have given this exhibition of
uncontrollable temper. But, ior him there is
at least the shadow of excuse. Ilis act sprung
from the involuntary feeling of self-defence,
the impulse of self-preservation, the sense of
resistance to personal injury and insult, which
is too strong in some men for subjection of
cnmstances. But for Bentonot;
Missouri, there is neither the shadow of ex- ;
chse, nor the possibility ot defence. He is i
accountable for all. These tactics have been j
his for years—for an entire lifetime ; and they f
are the tactics of a Western bully, the prac- j
tices of a back-woods bravo, the principles of j
a cut-throat coward. It lias long been his !
wont to meet his antagonist in such places and ]
at such times, that personal collision is impos- I
sible, thus he insulted and raved against j
Kearney. He never said a word about his j
enemy that could have taken hold of until '
he got him in the Court room—in the eapa- j
city of a witness —with the judges on the j
bench, and then he raised a tumult, in which j
he bellowed and bullied with safety. Thus j
was it that lie insulted Mr. Butler, ot South J
Carolina. He took the session of the Senate, j
the presence of a Vice President, and the de- |
bate of sovereign States, for the scene in which (
he should exhibit his courage and manly j
prowess. He raised an uproar on a spot j
where every emotion of patriotism and sel‘- J
respect should preserve an order and a deco- )
rum the most rigid and the most solemn.— j
When called upon by the man he had gross- j
ly injured, and to the name of the cmmtry
he had outraged, to answer for his insult or j
wash it out in his blood, he refused either to j
atone for his hlackgardism, or to excuse his ;
braggadoeia. The aif.tir with the Senator !
from Mississippi, is but a new edition of the
affair with the Senator from Carolina. There !
is nothing to shield the man from public opin- 1
ion. He should be expelled from the Senate
lie deserves a gulf oi infamy which history ;
does not afford and a punishment which the j
cells of liis own poisoned heart can furnish.” |
Wedding at Washington.— Miss Ellen I>.
Ewing, the daughter of the Secretary of the ;
Interior, was married in Washington on |
Wednesday evening, to Lieut. Sherman, of |
the Army. The nuptial party was very large, •
and the happy affair passed off' with great j
eclat. It took place at the residence of Mr. ,
Ewing. The correspondent of the Patriot j
says:
••The rooms above and below were crowd- !
eel with ‘ belles and matrons, maids and mad- j
nins.’ The President was there. I lie vjco Pre
sident was there. The Cabinet were there. Sena- ;
tors and Members were there. Sir lienvy L. j
Bulwer, lady and suite, with many of the Di- !
plomatique corps, were there. Officers ol the ,
Army and Navy were there. Citizens and
strangers were there; and
Ta.l‘ r, < 'lay, Oass. Benlon, ami oilier-
Mnved along bke loving brothers.
The many pleasing incidents of the even
ing, tiro sayings and doings of such men as
Winthrop,"Corwin, King, of Alabama. Mc-
Lean, Butler, of S. C , Vinton, Pearce, Jones,
ot lowa, would fill a volume instead of this
short letter. The most pleasing incident of
the night was the presentation to the bride of
a beautiful eouquet, by one of the tallest
plumes of this confederacy, Harry of the
West. He went through it in fine style, and
she received it accordingly.
The Bride’s cake .was ane plus ultra. The
popping of the champaign? was like the peals
of artillery at Buena Vista; and the feast was
all the art of Ude could make it, while Mr.
and Mrs. Ewing, and every member of the
faiu'iy made all reel as it they were really ‘ at j
home.
There never ivas an administration which j
was so destitute of consistency, influence, and
power, as the prss?ut. The President is ut
terly unlit for the duties ot his office, and Ins
Secretaries arc unable to supply bis imperfec
tions by their own experience, talents, and
energy. The whole concern seems to have no
fixed opinions to guide its course. The Gen
eral does not appear to know his own mind for
four and twenty hours together. He is like ,
the chameleon, which has no colors of its own, !
but reflects the hues of every surrounding ob- [
jeet. He is determined to avoid all responsi
bility for eke Wilmot Proviso, lest it might ex
pose the fraud by winch he was elected. But,
in other respects, he is as capricious as the
wind. Ask Mr. Marshall, anu lift will assure
you that the President is for establishing ter
ritorial governments for Utah and New Mexi
co. Ask Mr. Truman Smith, and he will toll
you that the President is for the admission of
California alone as a State, but against all ter
ritorial governments. Inquire of Mr. Toombs,
and he would probably have told you, two
weeks ago, that Gen. L.iylor would ultimately
throw his executive weight into the scale ot
territorial governments. Ask Mr. Toombs
now, and he would probably tell you that the
wind has shifted round, and that this inefficient
cabinet will not permit the President to ex
press a single bold sentiment that is calculat
ed to settle the question and still the teu>: lest
| of excitement.
I Is not this position of the executive depart
! ment shameful and comtempiible: Would
the First Washington have acted thus: Would
i ho not have come boldly forward and recora
| mended some decisive measure to Congress to
give peace to our agitated land: Is General
Taylor so utterly destitute of moral courage
and of public spirit, that lie dares not utter
one word to pacif y the country:— Washington
Union .
The Washington Union of the 20th refers to
certain proceedings of the Senate which prove
incontestably that the persons who believed
Mr. Clayton to be unfriendly to the free soil
oarty, wc.e greatly deceived. Oil Wednes
day March 8, ISIS, Mr. Baldwin moved to in
sert at the end of the oth article, the following
words:
Jlesolud there shall be neither slavery noi
involuntary servitude in the territory hereby
ceded, otherwise than in punishment of crimes,
whereof the party has been convicted. After
debate, the question was stated, “Shall these
words stand as ;i part of the sth article- and
it was determined ;n the negative—yeas i/>,
nays 39.
Those who voted in the affirmative arc—
Messrs. .A therton, Baldwin, Clarke, Clayton,
Corwjn, Davis of Massachusetts, Dayton, Dix,
Greene. Miller, Niles, Phelps, Spruauce, aim
Upham.
The Union, say: “Upon this question, theie
fore, the cabinet stands tius: For the Proviso
—Messrs. Clayton, Meredith, Ewing, and
Collamer: against it—Messrs. Johnson, Craw
ford, and Preston- four in favor of, and three
against it.”
Edwin Adclbert Oelriohs Las been appoint'
ed, and recognised as Consul of Bremen for t,..e
port of New York,
East Te'nf.ssee and Georgia Raii. Road.
—From a letter from a gentleman in East Ten
nessee to the Rail Road Journal, we derive
! some tacts in regard to the present condition
of this Road, which may not be uninteresting.
! ft appears that tire Company have already up
; wards of eighty miles of road graded in a very
i superior manner, most of it for a double track.
! and a large and excellent bridge of three spans
i across the Iliwassie river, so arranged as to be
used a- a 101 l bridge as* well as for the Rail
Road. The timber for the superstructure on
upwards of 20 miles has been delivered. The
total cost of the Road thus far is #6150,000.
The completion and equipment of the Road
to Knoxville at the Engineer's estimate is
$1,150,000. Dedueating from this sum the
State subscription, State loan and individual
subscriptions, leaves only 656,000 yet to be
subscribed lor. Hence the entire cost of the
Road, 110 miles, may be stated at #1,780,000, i
or about $16,000 per mile for a first class Road
with a heavy rail and fully equipped.
In regard to the contract with Gen. Green,
the writer, after paying a high ami merited
compliment to the energy and public spirit of
Mr. G., states that the contract had been res
cinded “by an arrangement mutually satisfac
tory to him and to the board of directors.” lie i
also states that he has realized a very iJVl
some profit by the operation and that
tires from bi« contract ffi engage in other en
tffpnses equally important and it is to.be hop
ed, in their result they may prove equally
profitable to him.”
Rumored intention ofthc President to Ve
to the Compromise Bill ■
In the Union of Saturday morning, we
copied certain extracts from a Washington
correspondent of the New York Express, to
the effect that it was currently rumored in the
political circles of this city that Gen. Taylor
would, in the event of the passage by Congress
of a bill providing for the admission of Cali
fornia and for govrnments for the Territories,
defeat it by his veto. And we called upon
the organs of the administration in this city
to inform the public whether or not the rumor
had any foundation in fact; and whether or
not General Taylor designed to take a course
such as rumor, coming through responsible
whig sources, ascribed to him. Our appeal
as brought forth the following response by the
National Itelligencer of yesterday :
A story has recently been put in circulation
that the President of the United States will
veto the bill far the admission of the State of
California into the Union, should it be ac
companied by territorial bills or other meas
ures.
The President has never assumed any such
grounds. One of the greatest complaints now
made against hitn by his opponents is, that he
declines to interfere tvith or to attempt to con
trol the legislation of Congress. He has per
formed his constitutional duty, and fully re
commended, in regard to the newly-acquired
Territory, such measures as in his judgement
are best calculated to promote harmony and
good feeling, by avoiding the unnecessary dis
cussion of the agitating questions of the day.
lie has not attempted by any other means to
influence or control the opinion ot Congress in
reference to the vexed question; nor have any
ot his cabinet ministers. The President, hav
ing performed his whole duty in this particu
lar, leaves the decision of the subject to the
wisdom and patriotism of that enlightened
body, whose constitutional duty it is assist him
in the administration of the government, and
to whom he looks with confidence for a satis
factory adjustment of the whole matter.
Amidst the storm of political and party strife,
ho bears with him the consciousness of recti
tude, which he knows will carry him trium
phantly through all dangers and a firmness
of purpose upon which good men may con
fidently rely for the safety oi the republic,
under any possible emergency.
This is satisfactory, so far as the use of the
veto is concerned. And we rejoice to learn,
as we do, front the preceding annunciation in
the National Intelligencer, that the President
has not determined to impose any obstacle to
prevent the clearly-expressed will of Con
gress from taking effect when it shall be pre
sented to him In the form of an enactment.
We thin interpret the article which we have
copied from the intelligencer, and therefore
take it for granted that Gen. Taylor, although
maintaining the doctrine of non-action, will
sign any bill which Congress may pass, hav
ing for its object the settlement of the Cal
fornia and territorial questions.
The National Intelligencer states that nei
ther Gen. Taylor nor the cabinet has attempt
ed to influence or control the opinions of Con
gress, in reference to this vexed question,”
except through the “constitutional” recom
mendations of the executive messages rela’ing
to that question. We trust that this may
turn out to be the fact, although ne beg leave
to say, with all deference, that we do not be
lieve it will. We learn from sources entitled
to respect and confidence, that recently the
President has not only expressed himself,
with more than his usual warmth, in favor of
the non-action policy, but that he has spoken
harshly, if not violently, of the conduct of
certain members of Congress, in relation to the
territorial question and the committee of thir
teen. It is not to be disguised, that reports
are very rife in this city, and in high quarters,
ascribing to seme, if not all, of the members
of the cabinet a contrary course from that
which the National Intelligencer asserts they
1 have pursued; and these reports have been
much strengthened by the intimations thrown
out in the Senate by Mr. Truman Smith, the
v£t£3 of the two senators from Delaware on
the resolution r&isipg the committee of thirteen
and the course of the Republic,known to be the
! personal organ of Gen Taylor and the peculiar
I organ of the cabinet. We repeat, that we hope
i the Intelligencer is not mistaken in what it says
in reference to the course of Gen Taylor and his
“cabinet ministers,” and that they are not
yet prepared to assu ne the fearful responsi
: bility of defeating, or attempting to defeat a
measure designed to preserve the Union of
these States, and give peace to a distracted
country. It' they should be implicated in any
such despearate and treasonable plot, they
will draw down upon their heads a load ofex
ecration such as has never yet, in this country,
fallen upon men who dare to peril the safety
and well being of their country in a'game cf
I reckless and unbridled ambition.—
Union.
Important Decision. —The decision of the
Supreme Court, on Friday last, in the case of
certain merchants of tlic city of Philadelphia,
against the late collector of that port, is another
triumph of democratic principles and policy.
The questions in t he case yrere, whither Tampi
co, whilst & the occupation of oyr troops uur
ing the war with Mci-ko. y. - as a foreign port,
within the meaning of tlio tariff:’ act of lSR>j .
and whether goods then imported in‘o the U.
States therefrom were subject to duties, or
were considered as entitled to entry duty free,
as being imported from a domestic port, TUe*e
questions involved, incidentally, the right of
the United States to levy contributions oil the ,
commerce of Mexico, ifnder the laws of war,
for the purpose cf throwing the burden of the
war upon her; because, if her ports in our
possession were to be considered ports of thu
United States, tlien the contributions thus
imposed were improperly exacted.
The contributions tl.us levied amounted to
nearly five millions of dollars, and the duties
£n goods imported from these points into the
United Urates amounted to about a million
and a half more. Ti.p decision of the Supreme
Court Jiovv pronounced Lap settled • hat the
ports :u,4 places in our possession during the
war, by force of arms, were in u foreign coun
try, and that the goods imported from them
into the United States were liable to duty,
and has also vindicated the course and policy
of the last administration in laying the war
contributions on The enemy’s commerce in the
AUGUSTA. GEORGIA. WEDi vl ' iSf)vY MORNING. MAY 15, 1850.
1 m inner it did. th *' was
delivered by Chiel Just,4 1 aney ’ and wn#
unanimous. i\
Mr. Attorney General Jl^ 11 argued the
ease -->n the nart of GovernnT ,K ’
steiv .nd Mr McCall, of p t {*.Wphia, on the
i part oi the claimants Na-W Geor 9 inn '
Absent wtrudin .Lkave.-I Wednesday
mgnt last, (s.tvs t.& Oolurr r * inquirer, of
the 7, , inat.) four pawns tH* 51 from thc
cr inty jail in this citv ; an> ave not
■ been neard of. Two of then/‘‘ roha,), >’ “* »«*
! ecn.plished viiliamv as ever I,lto a store ’
or out of u jail, were eonfinef ,n a c * lai £ e °f
burglary. Their names** P*' '* and Hrown -
Another named i>‘ lei i ' u ' , l‘i<-i°n
of riding a horse that did §ot f lon S t 0 h,m ’
and the fourth, on. of the R,f“ s ~ of wl ' om
we known nothing- for kicli n f U|) a 10w
generally. The chareiP w ‘ t ' l mur *
1 der, three or four *ii number* ’V not esca P e *
The sheriff has oflei ed a liberal ry art *> * or
•rest and return of ttie = ood
. -uizens, who desii to keep « A h° Jl *
ic stly work lor. v. do Wei |6t „J ok out 10r
l ; :lan, and the utut numed\t * r ” lh*y
at copartners in rascality. to this
,“ty, under pretence ot ex'n.o'
“as adepts in the vulgar sefenee of hoaxnig. It
U sniit *hat t'nis is not the tir-o Tme they
have like true jail brids, escaped from the
public cage.
Gordon County Election.
Oothcaloga, 7th May, 1850.
The following is the result of the election
held yesterday for the new county of Gor
don, held in the 7th district, 31 section :
FOR RAIL ROAD.
Judges Inferior Court.
Martin Duke.... 472
D. L. Law 459
D; Barrett 156
\V. lvinman 437
l)r. W. W. Wall. .442
Shcrifl'.
G. M. Trout 395
C.'erk Superior Court.
J B. Davis 454
Clerk Inferior Court.
Peeples 455
Tax Collector.
Wilson 418
Tax Receive.
J. Fain 414
Coroner.
R. Kirkham 327
f Surveyor.
Russell 428
Liability or Hotel Keefers. —The X. Y.
Commercial gives the following report of a
case tried in the Marine Court of that city, on
Thursday .•
Needles & Needles vs Howard. —Suit against
the proprietor of the Irving House to recover
the value of a package. The plaintiffs are
merchants at Baltimore. One of their firm
being in New York, bought a package of tine
goods at Jatiiey's store, and directed if to be
sent to the Irving House, where he put up.—
The goods not being there next morning, Mr.
N. went to the store of Mr. Jaffrey to inquire
the reason, and was told that they had been
sent at 11 o’clock the day before. It was de
nied at the house that they had been left.
The porter of Mr. Jaffrey proved that he left
the goods in the office of the Irving House, on
the counter, at 11 o’clock, in the presence of
the two clerks ; that one of them, who was
Yvithin the counter, said it was all right. Af
tet Mr. N. called to know why they were not
sent, the porter went up to the Irving House,
saw the clerk, and told him that he had laid
the goods upon the counter in his presence,
while he was talking to the other clerk, who
was about leaving for Wall street. ,
The clerks both testified that no suehjbuu
dle had been left there —that if it had it would
have been entered in their package book, and
would have been sent to Mr. Needle/' room,
but there was no entry, and thcre.fr>* jmay
wete certain i* rnt '' IVO be I *?' *\'. t, 1 I'd,
because they had never known an instatue of
such an omission. They also stated that 36
packages had beeen left there, and entered in
this way, on that day.
The couit charged that an inn-keeper is lia
ble for all packages sent to his house and left
under the eye of the person having charge of
the baggage- that if the rule were otherwise
great mischief might arise from the dishones
ty of servants, or persons lingering about the
establishment, and the want of vigilance and
care on the part of landlords to protect the
baggage of their guests, they having so much
better opportunity of care in respect to it than
they themselves. It the jury in this ease are
of opinion that the package was delivered on
the counter under the eye of the clerk, the
defendant is responsible. Verdict for plain
tiff's for the price of the goods.
The Cnovs.— The Ringgold Republican, of ! j
the Sth inst., says; “Our exchanges, from! t
almost every direction, speak of the prospects j -
of the farmer this year, as being anything hut j 0
cheering. The injury done, it is stated, to | j.
the crop of wheat, corn, cotton, &c., in the j a
middle and lover parts of this State, by the j c
recent long, cold rains, and high winds, which !
have invariably followed, has been very great, ' l
and it is thought, from present appearances, j
that the crop of cotton will be much shorter j f
than that of last year. The farmers in this j c
section of country, although we have had a J *
very backward, disagreeable Spring, have been j s
peculiarly favored touching the prospects of a j <
rich harvest, this year, of wheat, corn, &c„ ! 1
for which thev certainly have abundant rea- J *
“ * {
son to be thankful, when thty remember thi j j
devastating effects upon the growing crops (
elsewhere, from the recent cold ruins. The i t
crop of wheat in this and adjoining counties, , ‘
we do not remember to have ever seen u» ! .
promising as at present ; so, also, is it with ,
reference to the corn crop." i
-- ---- -----i;
(foot) Advice.—John H. Prentice, in his ! <
recent valedictory, on retiring from the edi'.o- j [
rifd chair, which lie tilled for forty-one years, ;
has the following :
No man should be without a well conduct* '
ed newspaper; lie is far behind the spirit of
age unless he reads; is not on equal footing
with his fellow man who enjoys the advantage,
and is disregardful of his duty to his family,in
not affording the man opportunity of acquiring
a knowledge of what is passing in the world,
at the cheapest possible teaching. Show me
a family without a newspaper, and I venture
to say that 'here will be manifest in that family | '
a want of amenity of manners and ignorance
most strikingly in contrast with the neighbor I
who allows himself such a rational indulgence, j •
Young men especially should read newspa
: pers. If I were a boy of 12 years, I would -
read a newspaper weekly, though I had to i
work by torch-light to earn money enough to j -
pay for it. The boy who roads well will learn j
to think and analyse, and, ff so, he will be al
most sure to make a man of himself, bating
vicious indulgences, which reading is calcula
ted to beget a distaste for.
The above is the voice of wisdom —newspa- ;
tiers are the greatest schoolmasters of this age.
They teach man, woman, and child alike.
What is a man worth to society, who does not
take a newspaper? With what intelligence j
and independence can he exercise the elective 1
franchise We car. scarcely imagine so great j
a wrong, so great an act of injustice that a fa
ther can do, to himself anfl to ljis family, as
io deny it q.ncj himself the pleasure of reading
a good daily or weekly neuspupey. sco man
who is weli and healthy is too poor to pay for j
S newspaper. Far better would it be for any !
. tu -11 to dispense with one meal a duy, rather
than Wit!' IMi Cl iili furnished by
1 his newspaper. .
ys. Andrew Mills, Jr. — Murder. —
The Court of General teseiono was engaged
all day, yesterday, iu the trial of thi? case, j
The defendant was indicted tor the alleged ;
murder o t one James Phlilips Hall, otherwise j
called Robert Dickson, near Cape Romain, in
St. James’Santee, some time in June last.;
The evidence was closed yesterday, and the ;
argument will proceed to-day. For the State, !
I. W. Esq , Attorney General—for the i
prisoner, 'Janicn Tapper, and E. M. Scabrook,
Esqrs.— Charleston Courier, iOcA in((.
Naval. —The United States frigate Raritan
lias beau withdrawn from the Home Squadron,
to be fftted for foreign service, and the flag of
; Commodore Parker )ras freon temporarily
transferred to the sloop of-war
understood that one of the new war steamers,
shortly to be put in commission, will he as
signed as Commodore Parker s flag ship.—
• 1 Washington Republic .
Seven Bays Later from Europe,
VKR] V 1 Is
OF TIIE STF. A M EK
J\ I A GAR A.
COTTON ADVANCED ONE-EIGHTH
PENCE.
Bvi.ti mork, May 8—2.50, Morning.
The steam-ship Niagara arrived at Halifax
! on yesterday morning, bringing Liverpool
dates to the 27th ult.
Cotton. —Middling and fair Upland Cotton
had advanced one-eight pence on fair descrip
; tions. The sales of the week amount to
57,000 bales. Brown & Shipley’s circular
: agree* with the above remarks, and says the
market presents a favorable aspect. Specula
tors took 15,000 bales. The trade bought
; largely. The committee’s quotations are:
Fair Orleans 74
Fair Upland and Mobile 7
Middling qualities.... 6i to 6 ; , aoi to 61
j The total stock at Liverpool is 549,000, of
! which 359,000 are American.
The Havre market is active and prices had
advanced one-quarter pence. The week's
sales were 1 1,000 bales.
Rice.—Good Carolina, ISs. to 19s. (id for
fine. 1
Flour quiet, same prices as per Canada. 1
The Money market was easier. Consols
closed at9OJ. American Securities had ad- |
vanned one-half per cent. 1
The Niagara spoke the new steamer Atlau- !
tie 630 miles from New-York, which run she j
had made in forty-five hours.
France. —There was still considerable ex
citement in France about tne elections.
No arrangement lias yet been made between !
Greece and England.
The political news is unimportant,
ihe Europa had not arrived when the Ni- j ■
agara left.
v I ri-M the London Times, April 19 j
* I
Death of Mi Calhoun
for the centre.
Judges Inferior Court.
l'hos. Biro 381
J.H.B.Shackelford32s
H. Gaston 350
L. Dillard 368
O. E. Wyie.y.... 362
Sheriff".
D. G. Wide 400
Clerk Superior Court.
J. R. Brock 352
Clerk Inferior Covrt.
11. W. Fite 5556
Tax Collector.
O. Adams 379
Tax Receiver.
Scott 394
Coroner.
11. Hill 311
Surveyor.
1 Parrott 311
By the death of John G’. Calhoun, of which
the mail just arrived from the IT. States brings
us the intelligence, America has lost one of
the br'ghtest ornaments that have graced the
federal councils since the establishment ol the
government. It will be difficult to supply the
void created by this melancholy event, the
South being left, at so critical a moment in her
affairs, without u leader in whom she can rely,
and at tl.tjmercy of a set ofun ctupulous poli
ticians, who are ch eiiy -reuiarkblc for their
recklessness in debate, and their incapacity in
action. The dep irted statesman has been so
long and so intimately counectcd, in one way
or another with the Federal Government and
legislature, that, for the greater part of the
last half century, he has been one of the ack
nowledged pivots on which publicj affairs in
America revolved, and however mistaken, in
the opinion of many, he may have been in some
ot his views, it cannot be denied but that du
ring his long and brilliant career, the good has
predominated greatly over the evil, in 'he
influence which he has exerted over the gen
eral fortunes of his country.
Mr. Calhoun was a native of South Carolina,
wlfere he was born in 1782; and was just en
tertaing his 09th year at the time of his de
cease. His father was an Irish emigrant; Ins
mother a Virginian, but Irish by descent. His !
early inclinations were for the quietude and i
even tenor of a planter’s life; but the aolicita- ;
tiyns of others drove him first into a proles- j
sional, and afterwards into a political career, j
It was not long after his return from Yale j
College, at which be greatly and dis- |
kinspuishort htflßolf, ore l,f> vauiw. into the !
political arena—serving with gre* credit to !
himself, lor two sessions, in the local Legislu- i
ture of his native State. But it is from 1811
that his public life may be regarded as really
dating its commencement, when he took his
seat in Congress as one of the ltepresentatives
of South Carolina, at a most critical juncture
in his country's affairs, with a view to whic-h
both he and his colleagues were chiefly select
ed to represent the State. His first session at
Washington was what is known in American
history as the war fission of the twelfth Con
gress, the events of which took a turn, which
lias rendered it almost as memorable in British
as in American annals. In these events, young
and inexperienced as he then was, Mr. Cal
houn bore a very prominent part. His repu
tation having preceded him to Washington, lie
was appointed second of the Committee on
Foreign Relations, always the most imp', r
tant committee of the session, but at that time
peculiarly so. The Chairman of the Commit
tee soon afterwards retiring from Congress,
Mr. Calhoun, in his twenty-ninth year, oc
cupied that honorable and then highly res
f onsible post. It was in this capacity that
towards the close of the session, he reported
and carried through the House, the bill de
claring war against Great Britain. So promi
nent was the position assumed by the young
and rising statesman, on the occasion ot his
first appearance in Washington.
It was during this session likewise that he
fust developed to the public that linn and un
compromising hostility to all restrictions upon
trade, which ever afterwards distinguished
him. Even at the time when they were re
sorted to as defensive measures by the gov
ernment at Washington, he boldly, and at no
! little risk to his popularity, attacked the era
-1 bargo and the restriction and non-importation
1 act sas measures highly prejudicial in an eco
i nomical point of view, whilst they tailed to se
cure the political object which had led to their
; adoption. It was in delivering himself of those
opinions that lie enunciated those broad prin
j ciples of economical science to which he ever
afterwards steadily adhered, and in the early
espousal of which he was so far in advance of
ninetentlis of the leading statesmen of his time.
> Notwithstanding this he has been falsely ac-
cused by some, as the author of the protective
system in America. The charge, than which
none can be more unfounded, is made to rest
upon the iact that he assented to and chiefly
promoted the high tariff of 1810. llut that
tariff was neither proposed nor adopted w ith
u view to protection, bqt simply with a view
to revenue; the policy of the government then
being to raise ay large r.-yeiiye as possible,
with a view to the speedy extinguishment of
the debt occassioned by the war. That the
tariff in question gave u great stimulus to the
manufacturing interest, which has since been
incessantly clamoring for protection, is not to
be denied; but this was one of the results,
though not the object of the tariff. Since that
time he struggled to regulate the exigencies of
the treasury by a constant regard to the stric
test economy, and to adjust the tariff on an
exclusively revenue basis, ft was during one
of the most memorable of the contests which
this question gave riße, that, in 1832, he
threatened to dissever the Union, unless re
gard were had, in the financial policy of the
country, to the interests of tfle South. 4t that
time,he obtained only a compromise, but.his
views and principles triumphed in 1840, wheu
Congress, confining itself to its constitutional
limits, adjusted the tariff with a view solely
to the exigencies of the revenue.
To detail Mr. Calhoun’s progress in public
! life would be but to recapitulate the history
of the country for the last 40 years, Suffice
it to say, that hr or out oi Congress he Was
bvfcr a iVian of action—llia name was'assoe'ated
more of less with all the iuorc prominent
events of' his time. Jt was ff fftihg the Tfeui'
of Mr. Jfonroe, tffaf after having distin
guished'himself sos mmiy yparg iu'tffe Opacity
! of a legislator, an opportunity was afforded
him of developing his administrative power.
For upward of seven years he presided over
t the war department, during which time lie
mtrouU!~' r " tora “ tilfOlCfid »U SCOttOUiy
which some of our oWn administrators would
do well to study. About the close of Mr. Mou
i voe'b second term, he was nominated with tive
1 others for the Presidency. IJis panic, howeVer,
: was soon afterwards withdrawn, but although
thare was, on that occasion, no election of
President by the peopie, Mr. Calhoun was
1 chosen Vice' President by a large majority. On
the expiry of his term he returned to the Sen
ate, as one of the two representatives of South
Carolina, in which body he remained till the j
hour of his death. It was also in that body 1
that, in lg 46 he whom 1812 successfully ad- j
vocateil a resort to arms, when he regarded a j
different course inconsistent with either honor
or safety; calmly, resolutoly, and successfully
opposed the warlike projects formed by a reck
less band upon an imbecile administration for
an incommensurate object. If Mr- Calhoun
| was the author of tl' f P declaration of the war
in 1812, U was to hi* temperate counsels end
1 ,-raet influence that the world, in a gTeat <le-
[VOL. XXVIII.—NEW SERIES.—VOL. V—NO. M
gree, owed the maintenance of peace in 1846.
The subjects with which Mr. Calhoun, du
ring his long public care r, was most promi
rently mixed up, were such as had reference
to banking, currency, the tariff, the indepen
dent treasury system, state rights, and the ap
propriation and the distribution oft he proceeds
of the public lands.
In stature and appearance Mr. Calhoun wns
tall, and thin almost to being emaciated. He
was a man of great energy, both meritnl and
physical, although never possessed •'■! robust
health. His temperament was highly nervous,
notwithstanding which he had schooled him
self into > reat self-command. His action was
prompt as his perceptions were quick liis
eloquence was nervous, but seldom impassion
ed. a strong vein of common s >nse constantly
characterising his most ambitious efforts at
oiatory. His action, whilst speaking, was
devoid of animation, but his words flowed
forth in a torrent at onee rapid and volumi
nous. His reading was great, his acquire
ments were comprchendve. His mini was
prone to generalisation, anil there was scarce
ly an occurrence on which he commented,
which be did not readily refer to its govern
ing principle. In his private relations he was
accessible and affable to a degree. His hones
ty and sincerity of purpose, even in his most
mistaken moods, were too obivious to be
doubted. His society and convers-.tion had
about them a charm anil a fascination that
drew multitudes about him, but particularly
■the young. There was sweetness in liis voice,
kindness in his deportment, and truthfulness
in the mild lustre of his large grey eye. Ev
ery one in has presence was * at once at liis
ease, f.r whilst there was nothing sinister in
his glance, so there was no ambiguity in his
words, In this, as in many other respects,
he was in perfect contrast to Mr. WJ-ster,
that powerful, magnificent, but repulsive
man.
It is not easy to determine whether, in this
crisis of her affairs, America ha- gained or lost
by the death of Mr. Calhoun. The great er
ror of his life was his position with regard to
slavery. He was early side ted as the champ
ion of Southern interests, and what began by
being a policy, became at leng'h with him a
creed. His chief object was to maintain, iu
the federal councils, a balance of power be
tween the Northern and Southern sections of
the Union, anil it was because he foresaw the
danger to that policy, vhich would arise
from the spoliation of Mexico, that he reso
lutely resisted tne war, so iniquitously pre
cipitated with that republic. The event has
justified his tears. The two sections of the
Union are now arrayed against each other in
a conflict which can only terminate by one
or the otheT going virtually to the wall; and
this crisis has been superinduced by the ac
quisition of California. Had Mr. Calhoun
led the moderate section of the couiliorn
party, his death at this moment would have
been an almost irreparable loss. But placed
as he was necessarily at the head of tin- vio
lent and sectional party in the South, who
regard the Union as a secondary consideration
to the maintenance of slavery, under liis pow
erful guidance it is not easy to say to what
lengths this faction would have gone ; but
now that he is struck down, it will be aban
doned to the direction of a host of incompetent
and reckless leaders, whose extravagances will
very soon rally a majority even iu the South
around the standard of the Union. Under all
the circumstances of the case, therefore, it is
perhaps better for the Union and l’or himself
that Mr. Calhoun has been withdrawn, al
though his death will be a great blow to that
interest in the South, which he devoted so
large a share of liis energies to maintain, liis
last testamentary speech to the Senate w is an
appeal on behaif of slavery.
Taking him all in all, with his virtues,
which were many, and liis faults, which,
though great, were tew, America, in the per
son of Mr. Calhoun, has lost a Statesman of
which she ought to be, is, and ever will b.i
proud.
(Reportedforth ? Baltimore Sun.)
Thii ty-Pirst Congress-Ist Session.
Wasiiivotow, May ■).
SENATE.
Mr. Clarke. Mr. Berrien, and oilier Senators
who have been absent, resumed their scuts; ,
but the number of Senators in attendance was ;
unusually small.
Petitions were presented.
A resolution for the printing of .'50,000 co
pies of the second part ol the patent office re- j
port was passed, after a humorous speech u- ‘
gainst it by Mr. Foote, in which he successful* I
ly ridiculed the first part, about the fishes,
lords, &c.
The Senate took up Mr. Hunter’s bill t > ea- ;
tablish ft board of accounts. Mr. Hunter -puke |
in Savor of tire bill.
Mr. Bradbury offered n substitute, which i
was agreed to. After some debate, the bill ;
was laid aside, and the Senate adjourned.
HOUSE OF UEI’UKSENTaTI YES.
Mr. Bayiv, from the committee on ways ;
and means, reported back with suiondiueut i
the deficiency bill which had been returned i
from the Senate with amendment.
On motion of Mr. Stanly, the rules were
suspended, ayes 109, nays i-3, to enable kirn
to introduce u resolution providing for the
appointment ot a select committee of nine to
investigate what clerks and heads of bureaus,
under the late administration, wrote for poli
tical papers, made stump speeches, and sub
scribed money to defeat the election ol licit.
Taylor.
The resolution was passed.
Mr. Burt asked tire unanimous consei;: of
the House to introduce the following resolu
tion >
A join resolution to terminate the xr.h a, tide
of the treaty between the United .States
and Glreat Britain, concluded at Ws-I.ing
ton on the 9th of August.
Whereas the Sth article of the treaty con
cluded between the government of the United
States of America and the government of
Great Britain, at Washington, the fit a day of
August, A. 1)., 1842, stipulated that each
party “ shall prepare, equip and maintain in
service on the coast of Africa, a suftjcinqt u;;4
adequate squadron, or naval force or v> eels,
of suitable numbers and descriptions, to ear*
ry in all not less than eighty guns, to enforce
separately and respectively the law-, rights
and obligations of the countries for the sup.
pression of the slave trade.”
And whereas, by the 9th article of the .. .id
treaty it is stipula cd, the eighth article of tfie
! same MshaU bp in force for five years from the
j date of the exchange of the ratification-, ami
I afterwards un il one or the other party .-’nail
| signify the wish to terminate it,"
| Itcsolved, bv the Senate and FJouse ol H»p«
! yesentutives of the U. States ot 4mcrjen, i(t
! Congress assembled. That the jhesidpnt ire
i and he is hereby required to. -igiiil'\ to the
i government ot Great Britain l\\e vybffi "I the
I government of the U. States to terminate fha
! Bth article ot thg treaty, cunanded between
I then, at Washington, the 9th day oi August,
! A. IJ., 181-2.
The House refused to suspend the rules by
I a vote on yeas and nays, of 71 in the affirma
tive, and 96 in the negative.
On motion by Mr, Thompson, of I’a., the
House resolved itself into Committee of the
Whole on the State of the Union, (Air. Thomp
son, of Miss., in the Chair, j and resumed the
consideration of the Census Bill,
The amendments of the Judiciary Commit
tee to the Senate Bill, were generally ji.tr
i cd,
Mr- Vinton offered the amendments, oi
which the gave notice a lew (lays ago, em
powering the executive department of the
government to have a census taken, forever
hereafter, should Congress fail to pass any
law for the purpose; also fixing as a per;v.a;,eut
ratio the numb cr of 93G un
less Congteasotherwise provide.
Aftch which the Committee rose, and the
House adjourned.
[ Htporie<i fay tiw Hulti/nnic Clipper-}.
Thirty-First Congress lat SeaMqn.
W.vsui.vmox, April r, 18.50.
SENATE.
After petitions and reports,
The bill to provide for the establishment ol ;
a Board of Accounts, to examine all claims
against the U. States, was taken up.
Mr. lluutcr moved, and the blanks were :
tilled as follows i
fijr the salary of the tUrije fJonitnicsioncrs, |
*4,000 per annum each.
the Cfovermpeut Attorney $3,000 per
annuv ( \.
Por the two Clerks, $1,80» and $1,300, each
respectively.
The term of office in the bill tor the Com
missioners was twelve years, one to vacate
every four years.
Mr. Whitcomb moved to strike out twelve j
| years, and on this motion a long debate ensued,
i and it was finally adopted-yeas 28, nays’ 20.
Mr. lisle moved to insert that the Frau
deut shall not remove the Com miss ion ers ex
cept by and with the advice and conetnf ;.t
(he Senate, and a debatp emued, in which the
general subject of removals from ottiee took
place. And pending the motion the Senate
adjourned.
ITOUSF OF REPRESENTATIVES.
The select committee of nine, appointed in
pursuance of Mr. Stanley’s resolution, (to in
quire into the political conduct of oificers of
the lust Administration.) consists of the fol
lowing named gentlemen, viz:
■Messrs, Stanley, Inge, Schenck, Stanton of
Kv., llaymond. Hibbard, Briggs, Fitch and
Wil lianas.
The resolution of Mr, Uuel, reported from
the Committee on Foreign Adairs, declaring
that it is of importance that the free navigation
of the river St. Lawrence should be enjoyed
by the United States, was referred to the
committee of the Whole on the state of the
Union.
The House resolved itself into a committee
of the Whole on the State of the Union, and
resumed the consideration of the Census bill.
The amendment pending was that of Mr.
Vinton—that the act shall continue in force
until altered or repealed; and, if no other law
be passed, providing for the taking of any sub
sequent census of the United States, on or be
fore the first clay of January of any year when,
by the Constitution of the United States, any
future enumeration of *he inhabitants thereof
is required to be taken, such census shall, in
all things, be taken and completed according
to the provisions of this act.
Messrs. Vinton and Thompson, of Pa., made
a lew remarks, when the amendment was
adopted.
The other amendment of Mr. Vinton was
ruad—that from and after the third day of
March, 1853, the House of Representatives
shall be composed of two hundred members.to
be apportioned among the several States in
the manner directed, (in the next succeeding
section of this act;) —when new States are ad
mitted, their representatives to be in addition
to the two hundred members above mention
ed.
Various amendments were offered, to in
crease the number of representatives, from two
hundred to two hundred and sixty; and
speeches of five minutes were made. Q ues
tions were taken, but Mr. Vinton’s propsition,
was not altered.
Mr. Bowie made an unsuccessful ell'art to have
a representative to every one hundred thou
sand persons, and made appropriate remarks.
Mr. Vinton’s amendment was finally agreed
to—ayes 72, noes 63.
Mr. Jones offered an amendment—that the
election for member of Congress shall be uni
form throughout the United .State—the first
under this appointment to be held on the
first Thursday in May, 1853. Mr. Houston
suggested a modification, which Mr. Jones
accepted, viz : that the first election shall take
place on the first Tuesday after the first Mon
day in November, 1852.
The question being taken, th amendment
was rejected.
Mr. Miller then offered a substitute for the
bill—proposing to ejntine the census to the
emuneration of inhabitants. It was reject
ed—ayes 50, nays 92.
The committee rose, when Mr. Thompson,
ol Pennsylvania, moved the previous ques
tion ; which was seconded.
Many of the amendments of the committee
were concurred in, when, reserving the re
mainder for to-morrow,
The House adjourned.
(t'Wi'exjxtndiwi- (J l the Charleston Cnm'inw
Washington, May 4.
The return of Chevalier de Bodisco to i is
post, as Envoy from llugsia to the United
States, is highly gratifying to our citizens,
among whom he is popular. For a number
of years there has not .been a more intelligent
and respectable representation of foreign pow
er here, than at present.
The President had his last reception, for
the season, last night; and, from nine till
eleven the rooms were well thronged.
I am informed that the Compromise Com
mittee will be ready to report on Tuesday, the
7th. Every essential point is considered as
settled, except the boundary to be proposed
to Texas, and the sum to be offered to her. It
is determined to embrace, in one hill, every
thing that relates to the government of terri
tory acquired from Mexico. The Senate will
not separate these measures, but an attempt
to tbr-ic v. ill be made, and. perhaps success
fully, in the House. There is to boa severe
struggle; but the belief is that, alter a con
ference between the two Houses, the firm de
termination of the Senate will prevail.
Should the House succeed in separating
the three measures, nothing will be settled at
this session, for nothing but the bill, admit
ting California will, in that case, pass the
House.
There is much feeling still on the subject
of the several Committees of Investigation of
the House. It is believed that they will re
port fully and explicitly on all the points of
the investigation ot which they were charged,
and thus put the charges against the Secreta
ries at rest.
From ail that we can learn, wo are disposed
to believe that the evidence of Mr. It. .1.
Walker, and of the late Comptroller, Mr.
McCulloch, went to substantiate the justice
of the (ialphin claim for interest; and that
the evidence of Mr. Meredith, and of Mr.
Keverdy Johnson, completely vindicated Mr.
Crawford from the supposition that he had
used his olHcial or personal influence in pro
curing the allowance of the Claim.
The Departments, in consequence of the
clamor lately raised on tire subject, of allow
ances, have become more timid than ever as
to the payment of any claims, however just
and unquestionable. Congress, in the mean
time, does not pretend to look at the private
calendar. Public creditors are deprived of all
means of obtaining justice. One more inves
tigation Committee should be raised, whose
duty it should be to inquire and report upon
the number and amount of just claims, which
the Departments have refused or neglected to
settle, thus compelling tire parties to go to
Congress for relief.
It is stated, in Mr. Hock well's report on a
Board of Claims, that the leading nations of
Europe, “ suffer claims against the Govern
ment to be examined and decided by the
Common Courts of Justice, and in the way of
a common, law suit," Our Government has
furnished no adequate tribunal for the pur
pose.
Mr. Hunter will, at the earliest day prac
ticable, press upon tl;c Senate his bill for the
establishment of a Board of Accounts.
Mr. Pearce’s Committee on the affair be
tween Mr. Benton and Mr. Footo, held a long
meeting yesterday, and examined a number
of witnesses.
Ue.uii ur JvuqK lt(cn.vnusoA. —The pen ia
scarcely dry, with which we lecoidei the
lamented decease of one of the ornaments of
our Chancery Bench* and we are now, with
deep and sincere regret, called on to an
nounce the departure, from his sphere of use
fulness and honor, of the venerable chief of
our Law Bench, after more than thirty years
oi eminent and faithful puldis service in his
judicial capacity. Tuo lion. John S. lfich-
’president of our Law Court of ,\p
ptals and the Patriarch of our fc?t"i& Judiciary,
is no more. lie died; ;u„jy yesterday morn
ing, at the {.’atvjinu Hotel, in this city, after a
protracted aud severe illness of aoout live
weeks, at the advanced age of >3, years. The
hand of disease was laid upotf him, while at
the post ofd’jty, at the commencement of the
late term of the Court us General Sessions and
Common picas for Colleton District, at Wul
turborough; aud, by his own request, he was
removed to this city, where Ids family ami
friends gathered about his bed ■ Jdu and sooth
ed his dying moment, l,y laei; affectionate at
tentions, -t-m « altered under a, complication of
distressing disorders, enduring an eyees, of
suffering, which seldom falh;td the lot of hu
manity, (as was well amt eloquently said, by
one ol speakers at the meeting of the
ChotlcsWtt Bar yesterday,) “with Christian
humility and Kouian Imp,ness," uml submis
sively yielding uj, lus life to the. Divine Will.
Okurh'Ho/i Courier, 'U/i inst.
Mr. George J. Bulloch, the absconding
Cashier ot the Central llail Road Bank, arriv
ed in this city on Sunday liignt, in charge of
olliecr Butman of the Boston police, find Shcr
iff i’rcndergust of this place. He was taken iu
the harbor of Fowey, iu Wales, as the achy.
Abel was going in. 'l*. B.ntiyuui appears to
fiave been (fret ou the ground. Having learn
ed, on hi- airiyal at Fowey, from the conver
sation of two English officers, who were also
on the lookout, that the had not arrived
be procured a pilot boat and crew, and played
about the harbor for several days, and final
ly succeeded iu boarding the schooner and
npprchendirig Mr. Bulloch.
\\ e understand that both Mr.
and Mi. Butman olaiin the reward oti'ered for
h'.s ap, t\.hoi,»iou. ft is probably therefore,
ibat toe flauli will deposit the money, $.5,000,
, in. the custody of the Couit, until 3 bill of iu
-1 terpleader can lie tiled. ->>kl the question judi*
I dally sculp'd.
i'he it appears, encountered bad wea
ther ou the passage out. She had acme of
her sails split, a part of her head rails washed
away, and her rudder damaged. —Savannah
Republican, \th «'««<.
Official Correspondence
BETWEEN'THE BRITISH MINISTER AND SECRETARY
OF STATU.
The following official communication, dis
closing as it does, in paTt, the policy of the
Imperial Government of Great Britain with
reference to the Canada, is a most impor
tant document.
Should legislation on the part of this gov
ernment follow, it is hoped that the whole
question of our policy with reference to the
Canadas, will lie fully and fairly discussed, %*
the highest consequences are involved.
I iticii'Roci rv.— navigation of the at. LAWaswcr..
Mr. Huiwcr to Mr. Clayton.
BamsH Legation, March 27th, 1850-
sir: —l have received the favor of your
communication of yesterday’s date, enclosing;
me ono to yourself from the Chairman of the
Committee of Commerce, of the House of
Representatives, respecting the navigation of
the River St. Lawrence, and the feeling which
| her Majesty’s Government might entertain
■ towards granting to the shipping and citizens
i of the United States, the free transit on that
• liivpr, in the event of the Canada Reciprocity
t Bill, now before Congress, being passed by
i the American Legislature, and -the general
commercial relations between the United
States and the Canadas being placed on a foot
ing more satisfactory to all pnrties.
I feel myself authorized to state in reply to
you, that Her Majesty’s Government, enter
taining a cordial desire to promote a good
! understanding with this country, nnd to fa
; eilitate every measure which can tend to es
| tablish the amicable intercourse between it
1 and the various portions of Her Majesty’s
; empire, takos a sincere interest in the success
| of that measure, which has already been con
ditions ly approved of by the Legislature of
the Canadas, and which I may respectfully
remark, seems to me the natural consequence
of those measures by which the market of I
Great Britain have already been opened toth«- ’
agricultural produce of this counrty.
The desire thus described would, as you
may imagine, be still further increased on
finding it responded to here; whilst the course
which the Committee on Commerce has sug -
gested, and which you have complied with by
addressing yourself to Her Majesty’s Itepre-
I sentntive on a subject which cannot but be of
Imperial, as well as Colonial interest, will
i also, I feel certain, be considered as a proof ot •
the friendly spirit towards the Government of
England, and which exists throughout Her
Majesty’s dominions toward :n~ people and
Government of this country.
I feel no hesitation, 'heioiore, in stating
that the instructions with which I came to
the United States, wan ant me. under such
circumstances, in assuring you tnat should a
bill corresponding to that which has received
the sanction of the Legislature in Canada, be
passed by the Legislature of the United
•States, and receive the sanction of the Presi
dent ot the United States, Her Majesty’s Gov
ernment will be ready to respond to any ap
plication which the United States Govern
ment may then address to it, on the subject
concerning which you have now applied to
me, by at once consenting to open the navi
gation of the River St. Lawrence, and the
canals thereto adjoining, (and which would
be duly specified) to tlieslui ping and citizen*
of tlic United States.
I need not observe to you that Her Majes
ty’s Government would ot course in such
case reserve to itself the full right of with
drawing the aforesaid concession upon giving
due notice of such intention, whenever it
might deem proper so to do: as m fact the
Government and Legislature ot the United
States can likewise alter, whenever it may so
j deem proper, whatever reg ilaiions or laws
they may now sanction.
It gives me great pleasure to nave it thus
in my power to satisfy yourself and the Com
mittee of the House of Representatives, with
respect to the question contained in your
note and its enclosure, anil 1 avail myself of
this opportunity to renew to you the assur
ance of mv highest consideration.
i Signed) 11. L. BUI AVER.
Hon. J. M. Clayton, &e. &c.
Cei.rivATio.v or Cotton in India. —The
London Examiner contains an able article on
this subjact, induced by the attempts of the
Manchester merchants and manufacturers to
procure Cotton from the East Indies. The
Examiner enters into the cause of failure, and
shows to demonstration that these causes
are irremovable. The two obstacles are, high
rent and difficulty of transport. No populous
country, it is contended, with high vents, can
furnish the necessary quantity of a bulky
staple like raw cotton, in open competition
with countries equally favored by soil ami
climate for its production, in which there is
no rent, and in which transport is tar cheaper.
India is a country densely populated, some of,
its provinces having 500 and ever t»OU inhabi- -
tunts to the square mile. Its rental 5s propor
tionubly high. Kent, whether paid to a pri
vate proprietor, or to government, constitutes,
a charge on cultivation lrom which there is rut
escape. In the Cotton growing region of iho
United S at’es, the population is relatively to
the land so sparse that no monopoly of the
latter and consequently no rent, exists. Ths«
renders it impossible for over populated coun
tries, with land monopoly and high rents, to
maintain i competition in raising, for foreign
markets, raw products of a bulky character.
But when to this disadvantage is added the
much greater expense of transportation, com
petition is removed at an immeasurable dis
tance, m the future, if it is even possible.—
The editor of the Examiner affirms “ that ni
ter the cotton has been brought to the near
est. port of export to Europe, Bombay, it has
to be conveyed by a voyage or about six time*
the length of one from Baltimore or New Or
leans. In the most fertile part of all India,
the lower portion of the Valley of the Ganges,
instead of yielding a surplus tor exportation
has been importing it for the last seven years
from the less populous and lower-rented in
terior—in some cases by a bad land carriage
or an uncertain river navigation, often extend
ing between them to fifteen hundred miles.—
Good roads and an improved inland naviga
tion would no doubt diminish the cost of
transport, but the owners of cotton, or some,
one else, must pay for these, improvement#,
which would, moreover, increase the rent ot'
the land, and enhance the prime cost of the
cotton. What applies to roads and river na
vigation, applies equally to railways. Sc*
bulky an article as cotton, at the place of
growth, can never be carried profitably by
this costly conveyance. Out of nearly three
millions and a half of tons of coal supplied
to Loudon, railroad* furnish none, and even
inland navigation not more than lift}’thou
sand. America, unburthened by rent, ha*
magnificent navigable rivers for the conve
nient transport of its raw cotton, India,
speaking commercially, has no navigable rivet
but the Ganges ; very uncctnvenient in com
parison with the American streams, not to
say that th?ra are no countries producing cot
ton within one thousand u;i'es of i’s debouch
ment, American has cheap and convenient,
navigable canals j India has none at all, amt
from jts physical aspect little capacity for
♦heir admission.”
“ Besides this, China, although itself a great
cotton growing country, produces it, owing
to the high rents of a highly-peopled coun
try, at high cost, and cannot yield enough for
its own consumption. Consequently it is.
and ha* been for a century back, a good mar
ket tor the small surplus produce oi' India, at
about one-sixth part the distance from
England; the transport being by the sam«*
class of shimiug and the same capitalists, to
both countries.”
From these considerations the writer con
cludes thnt the merchants and manufacturers
of Manchester had better employ their efforts!
to extend and improve the commercial inter
course between England and the United
States, the only country capable of yielding a
•supply of cotton, instead of endeavouring;
vainly to counteract the decree of nature and
the force of circumstances.
Soi I’IIEKN WoMEX— 'i'HEIKTUUE BRR£DIXO
Gknkhous.— On Southern plantations, the
houses are generally of wood, large and com
modious, hut built with little regard to ele
guttue, and furnished with a simplicity which
Would shock the cyo of a third-rate votary of
fashion in a northern city. In these simple
homes, however, you may enter without fear;
•• stranger” is there a sacred name; and you
will find yourself entertained with an open
hearted hospitality which may well reconciles
you io the absence of some accustomed luxu
ries. In the dwellers in these homes, you
will timl generally the easy, courteous bear
ing which distinguishes the best society every
where. In them, too, yon will often find the.
highest intelligence in the land ; and it will
be readily perceived that the result of this at
tainment of high cultivation in the inartificial
life of the country, must ho the formation of
a character uniting in a wo degree, refine
ment and simplicity.
b'o this union, we think, Southern women
are indebted for that charm so generally at
tributed to their manner —a charm which is
never felt so fully as in their own homes*
where all aruund them bear the impress of
their own spirits. In the life they lead., them
is little of moment, but personal qualities,
j The fact that the changes of property are less
' frequent and violent in au agricultural then
. in a comm ex vial country—that families re
main lunger in their relative positions in the
1 urat thnu in the last—has given, it is true, a
1 higher value to blood, to family distinction.
: at the South thnu at the North, yet acurcely
i sufficient to ufi'eet the reception of an indi
! vidual ot society. The true gold of charac-
I ter will there pass current, oven though it.
may lack the “guinea’s stamp."— Merchant'*
iMvj Rook.
Fishy. —There is a paper called the Pikene,
man, edited by a Mr. Tike, and published
the town of Piketon, Pike county, Ohio,
