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JOHN G. POLilILL & JO IN A. CUTHBERT, EDITORS.
MIL.LEDGEVILLE, GEORGIA, THURSO AT, MAY 26, 1831.
VOLUME .1, iM MBLL 46.
;cj> THE FEDERAL UNION ,s published
every Tlmrs u-., at Tmkef. d ■ lars p r m»!>*jt>, in .d-
Vatice, or Four if f.ut t »aid before ihe«*n»t of i : -< . <u
Tbc Office i*. on iVuyne-Street;-opposite McCombs Ta
f*VN. ,W
Ail \overtmkmcnts publish'd at the usual rates.
iCH* Eaeli Citation by the Clercs of the Courts of Or
dinary that .ippticji'.ijii has be*-n made f.r Letter* of Ad-
minigtralioafiRtist be piil»iiah«<i Thirtt day* at ieast.
Notice by Exeeutors and Administrators for Debtors
•od Creditors to render is their accounts must be publish
ed MX'VEERS.
Sties of nannies by Executors and Administrators mast
he advertised Sixty days before the day of s :le.
Sales jf personal property (except negroes) of testate
and intestate esliteshv Ex-ca'ors and Aduiinistntiors.
tn ist be advertised Forty days. No sale from uay to
day is valid, unless so express*.d'ib the advertis- ment.
Applications by Ex Tutors Administrators, and Guar-
dia-4*. to the Court of Ordinary for leave to sell Land
must be published roup, months.
Applic tii >ns for F j reel os'ire of dortgages on Real Es
tate mut be advertised once a month for six month*.
^tea jf Ileal Estute by Executors, A laiiuistrdtortf and
C »ar Ji ms mast be published sixty days before the day
of " ile These sal s must be made at the Court House
do * aetureeo the hours of 10 in the morning and 4 in the
Afternoon.
*>nJ. 'i of Co irt if Ordinary, (accompanied with a co
py .f.he bond, or agreement) t-o make tides to Land,
Mail ie advertised Three months at least.
•> i ' i'f <il?s undrr ex cuti mis regularly grantedby
%■ ' »iirt-. must be advertis< d Thirty days-
i . f’s s .les inder nortgaxe executions must be ad
vert s..d Sixty days .lciare theda\ ofsole.
s.u-rilT’s s ile» if perishable property under order of
Court mult be advertised generally I en dats.
V* i Iroers for \l ertisements will be punctually at
tended to. .
♦ ,+ VII Letters directed ti'heoffice, or the Editor,
must he.u*«< paid in entitle ♦'hem •'» lent ion*
foreign.
DEBATE ON REFORM.
House or lords 27th March.—Lord Warn
clifli Having moved for certain population re
turns, introduced his motion with a lopg and
powerful speech against the contemplated re
form in Parliament He was answered by Lord
Durham and Lord Plunkett. In this stage 51
the debate Li»rd Brougham took the floor."
The Lord Chancellor—-I owe no lit.
tie?, apology to your lordships for troubling
you with any further discussion of this sub
ject under tile existing circumstances at this
late hour of. the mgbt but I still more owe an
apology to my “Noble aqd Learned Friend who.
preceded me, when I rise to say any thing af
ier him, before fherejpeven a shadow of reply
to his clear energetic, argumentative, and un
answerable speech. But although I agree with
the Noble Viscount, who n a great authority
on these subjects, amiwith some of those i9fco
one describes as the very fouodatioti and cor
ner stone ot the men^ire, another of you will
tell would be the ruin and total destruction of
the constitution: “There are as many plans a-
mongst us as there are advocates for refoffn;
and yob are all violent in.(be praise of your
own theories, and fn the condemnatipnof.lhose
put forward by your fellow-refbrmers.” That
was the lufe of argument used by Mr Canning,
and 8Sed by.him with hig wanted felicity, a
gainst the measure of ftMJhn He never Tost
vight of an opportunity of applying that princi
pal to the measure, whenever it was brought
forward in any shape in Parliament, and in^his
unqualified andj^onsistent ^position to reform
he made great jise of that argument as to the
diversity of o|ffnioD9 amonst reformers them
selves, and po one at the time felt more the
force of lhaf argument than I did. But now the
tables are ta|jffiea, and that argument as to con
trariety of sentiment and diversity of opinion,
cgn be effectually turned against the anti refer
mers themselves Upon the present m> asure
who spoke alter him, that it is not necessary
on the present session to go minutely into the!°^ re f° rm 1 agree with ail my colleagues cor
the whol
W K are reqiuptuii a .. ua-irit*-. e name of V\ ILL-
I \ Vf D SCOGGIN, Ei-q is a candidate for
Sheriff of Baldwin county at the next election for county
officers. November 6
Practice of Medicine, Surgery, 4’ c -
D C: £>R £. T. T-^TTiiOR
HAVING located himself in Clinton, Jones
county, respectfully tenders bis services to the
public in every branch of bis profession
9 45 2 « ,
J. 1C. EA3.L7, '1C. 2.
cUugl(j.v DEjrnai,
R ESPECTFULL Y offers his services for a short time
to 'lie citizens of Alillcdgeville and its vicinil), in
tht ..ii ious branches of the Dental art. His room is at
the L .y ay tte llall. Families, if requested, will be Wait
ed ri ii thuir residences, in town or country.
N. U. — tiis operation will be pertonmd with.little, and
fn uijjI instances, without any pain, and always with the
best mHieriats.
May tt 0 ‘ 44—tf
CLASSICAL, SCIKNilt'lO AND ENGLISH
ssaaiiVASiir.
For the Instruction of Young Ladies.
*{ llUO - iN i es t a iiiuily informs P-rents and tiuar-
lans, that in consequence of the many appheu-
ti >us to enla'rg' his sphere of operations, and disseminate
more widely nis system of Education, by admitlinz a grea
ter number of pupils in o his Seminary, he has been in
duced to engage tne assistance of the Rev. Mr. Adam*, a
Glorvy uan of amiability, pieiy and attainments.
’Tis presumed that Dr. Brown’s undivided attention and
experience, with ihe assistance of Mr. Adams, Miss
Grigg, Miss Clarke, and Mrs. Brown, will ensure more
than Comm >n advantages, and guarantee an improvement
to the pufBls not to be calculated on under ordinary cir
cumstances.
Board may be obtained in the family of the Principal,
•and in many other respectable families in the Borough.
Pupils may-be entered in this term to the close of the
year, and charged from the time of their entrance, tail af
ter ! his term none can be admitted for less time than a
year.
That Scottsborocgh is remarkably healthful is an estab
lished and well attested fact, and therefore a favorable re
treat for children living in sickly regions.
M-i-eh ?4 tf
A SCHOOL 7TAH71D.
A YOUNG MAN who has bon lor several years
« mp! ;yed as a Teacher of an English School, would
be glad of an engagement. Apply at this office.
May 19 45 tf
TO MECHANICS.
4^EaLED PROPOSALS will be received by the Ir.fe
rior Court of.Baldwin county, until Wednesday the
first day of June next, fur
Rebuilding the Jail
of Baldwin county on the foundation of the former Jail
The plan can be seen by an examination of the walls as
they mw stand; the new building to be on the same plan
and f the same dimensions. The stone and gratings ar>-
on the ground, for which the contractor will be ex
pected to make a due allowance. The. dimensions *rt
•oity-six feet in length by t -enty-eight in width, two
siories high, with two rooms on the lower and Ibrtc in the
second story, and passage below and above. Bond with
approved security will be required.
JOHN II W’OOTAN, Clerk
March 19 45 *>t
PRENEZ GARDE!
ERSONs mtsiiig oumn-.os ,.nu t e Corporation of
Mdledgeville, are notified that Dr. Lewis J. W.
Kraate, is fully empowered to represent the undersign
ed, during bis absence from the county.
N. B JUHAN,
April 14 40 Secretary av LTreasurer.
. Nones;,
T HE community, p.rhips is not generally informed,
that Benjamin H. Sturgcs, Esq. who has long since
been soliciting public patronage, for a “.Vew and richly
ornamented. Mup” of the State of Georgia, is at this time
compiling the same among the Golden Regions of Hall,
Habersham, &.c. and that said Map is soon expected to
he brought out by a writ of habeas carpus.
O. GREEN.
ICjP* Editors desirous of “throwing a light little on the
subjoc-” will confer a public benefit, by giving the ab ve
a few insertions, and undoubtedly receive, as a compensa
tion, t richly ornamented Map. O. G.
April 28, 1831. 42
A Reward of Ten Dollars
M ILL be given lo any person who
wilt apprehend my negro Boy, by the
name of
YORK,
and deliver him cither to Duct Charles
Badey, lackson, Butts county, Henson
_ N. Jackson, Greenville, Meriwether
county, Benjamin Peoples, near vlad-
on, Morgan county, or lodge him in jail a# that I can
■fe get him. This boy is of a dark complexion, has lost one
of bis fore teeth, stout built, about five feet eight incites
high—he bad on when he left me an old white fured hat.
dark green frock coat, striped pantaloons and a new pair
of shoes with brass heels. Said boy left me about fiv.
miles or the road from Forsyth to Knoxville, on the 3u
Distant. RICHARD BAILEY.
March If .44 lm3m •
LANKS of all description*, printed to order witl
neatnegs and despatch. -
B
details ot the measure, yet I can in uo way ad
mit that it is in any way unbecoming or improp
er in mo to take this opportunity of stating my
sentiments on the bill generally, and on its par.
ticular parts. The noble" Lord who opened
the debate, felt himself compelled to admit, in
the course of his argument, that the measure
was supported-by the petitions of all classes of
the community, which came pouring iu upon
us iu boundless variety, aud m countless num
bers, almost all of them expressing the most
ardent desire that your Lordships should stren
uousiy support the measure, and speed it to
the foot of the throne. No discussion took
place upon any of these petitions, without pro
tests being lavishly entered against the irregu
lar and inconvenient mode of breaking the de
bate upon the grand question, and Inttenng it
away id conversation discussions It was said,
“vviii until an opportunity is given for a regu
lar debate upon the bill—wail tii) the moment
cou.es for which we pant—stay, (he wishful
course of vuiir proceedings, the advent pi
which we gladly had, and then we shall be no
long, r restrained by the fastidious leelmgv
w hich now blight our genius and depress <>ur
at dour for debate, bul we shall ru-h down into
the arena,and meet you with gladness/' Such
has been the language of the opponents of the
bdl. but now it appears that another and a very
different movement has been made bv these
great tacticians. At first they contented
themselves with merely throwing out a few
skirmishers; then my Nohle Friend gave ins
notice of a motion, and then his notice w.,s
wi hdrawn More petitions were presented,
more conversation took [dace more parhes
were indulged in, more complaints ot irregular
ity ensued, and more reluctance at the discus
>ion was expressed Then.ag io, Nohle Dukc-
Noble Earls, and Nohle Barons, entered luto
piecemeal conversations; then, again, it was
said, wait till a proper day, and keep the least
on the least day A few skirmishers, how ver,
were again thrown ont, and when it was asked,
whydom you change your tactics all of a suii
den and thus get out of the jaws of the Iiod. h
was answered, “ We will give a notice of m<»
tion, and have a debate at once.” The pre
sent, therefore, is ao occasion of their own
seeking, and the enemies of the measure hav
brought forward this question for the view aud
purpose of having a premature and incidental
discus-ion. Then the cry wa<, Don't be car
ried away by an incidental di=cus>i u.” I will
ask, what has been done during the whole se*
siou but to engage in ider.tai and premature
discussions? First, we had the incidental dis-
cu.-^iuo upon the timber trade, and then the sub
ject of taxes was to be incidentally discussed
It should make the hair ot the Noble Viscount
stand on end, when he heard that a tax had
been debated m that House, before the Chan
cellor of the Exchequer had proposed it to the
House of Commons. It may be irregular and
peculiar lo the present session, and to th pre
sent opposition, and to the times in which we
live, tint I cannot apply the epithet unprece
dented to the course taken by the opponents ot
the bill My noble friend gave notice ot a mo
tion for the producii.m ot papers and ihe No
ble Lord at the head of tht Treasury Bench
declared that he had no objection to their tie
mg produced Upon thi- my noble friend said,
that his motion was to off r an opportunity to
discuss t e whole questi n of Parliamentary
reform, which he was as anxious to attack ss
the other side was lo dolend At last comes
the day—the important day—tig with the
fate of the Nohle Lord’s important speech
— (A laugh)—made to he answerable by his
Majesty’s Ministers. After all rbis proud
and preparation, I saw the Noble Lord Moving
on en echeilon although he had just been in
trenched behind ihe Commauder in Chief —
The Noble Lord declined the combat, and mov
ed off, aided by the light squadrons from the
cross benches, until lie had nearly emp i d the
House. Ministers thus found them^eives in an
awkward situation—such a situation as ii was
not usual for Ministers to be placed id They
were actually looking out for antagonists.—
Their eyes wandered over the House in all
quarters to search for opponents, and every
here and there they saw only a bush, which led
them to think that if the bu^h were well beaten,
game might be sprung. The bushes were well
beaten, and still no game took wing. Minis
ters were reduced to the necessity of fighting
shy In this state of tilings, your Lordships
"ill not expect m ' to go iuto a liberal discus
moii upon the principles of the bill, or to touch
upon its details. Where they have been at*
tacked they have been successfully defended,
it was the coustant, and the taunting argument
iu the mouths of the anti-reformers in former
years—“We follow a pl#m, straightonward, aud
•irect course—our way is uniform and unquai-
fied; but as for you, the advocates of relortn.
’ here is no grappling with you ; what one man
amongst you will maintain, another gives up;
j what one clings to, another attacks; aud what
dially and completely, and almost
population of the country hav«> adopted it as
their fostering care and fond affection They
look at it a? a whole measure &, a whole mea,
sur they will have it I agree with them in
calling for the proposed measure of reform,
and for no other. Ail the ret^rmers are now
agreed upon that point—They have buried m
oblivion their minor differences—they have
given up their disagreements and dissensions
,—they have ralied round the measure as a ceo
tre ot union, ii not tauntingly objected to them
that one class oi them approved of one uieus
ure of reform, and another class of a different
one—they are all unaoimous for the bill, and
the bill only. But while all is thus simple and
on one side—on the side, of reform—how do
the matters stand in the enemy’s camp? In
their argument not merely against reform gene
rally, but against this specific measure, will
there be found that agreement, that uniformi
ty, and that consistency, which were so much
vaunted of in the day of Mr Canning? Let
your Lorships but just attend for a moment
and you will see that the retortners have now
changed places with their opponents, and that
the charge of diversity and disuuion can now
be fully thrown in the leetii of the anti-refor
mers: I will just refer, in illustration & in proof,
to the speech of my noble friend, who had
brought forward this motion tonight. In the
course of argument which mv nohle friend a-
dopted and in the fair and candid speech which
he made. I cannot desire to discover a mo?<?
absolute contrast to the doctrines maintainad
bv those with whom he is leagued My noble
friend admitted, in the course of his address to
v »ur Lordships, ‘hat whale vet may have been
his former opinions on this subject, aud whate
ver may be log feelings or wishes »n the ques
tion he could no longer deny the necessity oi
reform He admitted that the people of this
country had expressed themselves plainly and
loudly, and with unprecedented unanimity, m
favor of this groat qiieslion Ho allowed that
toe Voice of the people had been raised in a
p acrable, but he acknowledged, in an irresis-
• hle manner for parliamentary reform There
: re, my Noble Friend making all those admis
sions is obliged (o acknowledge that reform
must be granted ; and lo a certain degree tny
N tbb Friend must stdl further admit, that not
only must reform be granted, but that to yield
to that unanimous wish to obey that irresisti
Ide voice, and to satisfy the people the reform
which is to he granted must not be but of a nom
inal, hut of an effectual description. (Hear)
At all events, my Noble Friend has admitted
the necessity of some measure of reform. But
what did the Noble Duke (Wellington) say on
this subject? If ever I have heard a declara
tion which has more than another mortified
me, it is the declaration which has been mad-
bv the Noble Duke; it ever I have been more
grieved by one thing than another in the c urse
of my life, it is by the line of conduct vvhicdi
has been taken on this subject by one who ha^-
rendered so great services to the country at
'he bead of her armies—who has rendered
equally gieat services at the head of the King’s
councils—services which I shall be ever for
ward to acknowledge, and which., with my la
test breast. I shall be most anxious to pro
claim—if ever, I repeat I have been mortified
and chilled with disiUM'.intment. it was by the
declaration which tnat Noble Duke made ai
the commencement of th.* present session, oi
the subject of reform I had expected, and K
had fondly hoped, that that Nohle Duke would
have yielded to what he'must h j Ve seen was
the general desire of the country, and that with
the boldness of a pubic man aud ofa Captain,
he would not have hesitated in adopting those
m iisures, and pursuing that course, which
alone could satisfy the just expectations of the
people of this Empire But that fatal decla
ration which the Nob% Duke made against all
reform, at the commencement of the present
session, dissipated all those hopes, and now,
after several others have changed their opin
ions. and yielded to that tide which they saw
it wa9 vam to resist, I have heard that Noble
Duke again, with a manly consistency, declare
that his opinion remained unchanged. While
that Noble Duko saw those who bad hereto,
fore stood with him fairly backsliding from the
cause—becoming the victims of expediency—
and all, one by one, droppiog from his side—to
hear that Noble Duke, under such circumstan
ces in manly, strong, and honest terms, tell
your Lordship that bis opinion remained uo
changed on the subject, while the voices of the
public had been raised against it—to hear him
say that, so far from exciting my astonishment,
I may add my admiration,—was exactly what I
had expected from that Noble person. I am
ready to award its just meed of praise to the
Noble Duka’s consistency, but I feel that the
Noble Duke may be perfectly consistent, and
still be in the wrong. I feel that the Noble
Duke may be perfectly consistent himself, and
yet that he may not have been able to preserve
the consistency of every one else employed for
bun. I will warn him that he has mates on
board who do not pufl the vessels up the
stream; that, stationed at either end, they
work in opposite direction; that while there are
those with him who are against ail reTorm,
and for having things as they are; and who
agree with the Noble Duke himself that 'the
constitution is a most perfect one, and that if
it were lett to them to create it over again,
they could not call into existence a single new
perfection in it, nor hope to add a star to that
galaxy of rotten borough* which excite their
admiration, and demand their respect that
while there are those who thus go with the
Noble Duke, there are also those on his side,
and arrayed with him against the present mea
sure of reform, who, unlike him, are ready to
admit the absolute necessity of some species
ot reform. My Noble friend who brought for
ward this motion, though leagued with the
Noble Duke against the present measure of
reform, differs, much more on the general ques
iion of reform from that Noble Duk , than he
does from IHs Majesty’s Ministers: he only dif
fers trom them in degree, they going to an ex
tent to which he cannot come up; and there
are in fact but few points of variance between
us I can now, therefore, 1 think, successful
ly retort upon the euemies of reform that
charge, which, in former times, they levelled
at the heads ot the advocates of reform. 1
Can tell them, that no two of them seem to a
gree in their mode ofopposmg, or objecting to
the measure. In bringing forward the settle
ment of such an important question us this, it
is nothing wondertul that those who propose
the plan should fiud difficulties in determining
the source ivhich should be adopted; but lhat
those who have only a mere negative lo sup
port, and to deny what the others ask for, and
to rebut what the others propose—-that they
should differ so much among themselves-* I
look upon as a singular feature id the discus
sion of this great question, and one of the
strongest and most incontrovertible proofs that
the pressure of argument and of public opinion
is on that side of the question which is espous
ed by me and my Noble Colleagues. 1 have do
desire to detain your Lordships, by alluding to
the details of this measure, as a more fitting
opportunity will arise for the discussions of i»;
but I canuot avoid observing upon fhe conces
sion as I will call it, which has been made by
iny Noble Friend, who has opened this debate
1 here is no avowal, there is no admission,
which I ever heard made upon any great popu
iar question, which comes up to the acknowl
edg*;tnent, which has been made by my Noble
Friend, as to. the unanimous acceptance of this
gr ai measure, by all classes, ail ranks, and all
descriptions of persons in this country. Men
ol every sect, party and class, who may hither
io have entertained a difference of opinion on
'he question ot reform, have, with a miracu
lous unanimity, abandoned all iheir differences
and cordially united in favor of ihe present
plan of reform But this is not the most ex
traordinary fact connected with the present
measure. They who will be injured by it
they whose franchise will be virtually taken
from them, with but a few miserable excep
lions—the majority of that class who will b.
virtually disfranchised by this measure—join
the couutry, and yield to the torrent of op>n
ion, which has become quite irresistible, in fa
vor of the measure. Bui here I am reminded
of a question, which I heard put from the cross
benches—that quarter, eminent for sagacity
and which, though it may have escaped iheir
Lordships, unacquainted as they are with tht
subtleties of the law, did not pass unobserved
by me. I have heard it said trom the eross
benches, that they ought to be furnished with
the dates ol the petitions, as well as with the
prayers which they contained I know to
what that question alludes; 1 am well aware
what a foundation will be erected upon the re
cent date ot the petitions, and upon the at*
senco of all complaints for 300 or 400 years
1 have uo hesitationjn asserting, that the peo
ple have complained over and over again, and
that they have a just right to complain. It i»
not true, it is most unfounded, and most false,
to charge the people with coming forward at
a late period, ta complain of evils which have
existed for years. I will refer your Lordships
to the parliamentary history iu proof of the
truth of what I assert. You will find that the
labia ol this House was crow'ded with petitions
praying .‘or reform in 1791: In 1817, your ta
ble was also loaded with petitions calling for
reform, and now again, almost without the
-i-ghtest concert, and certainly without pre
conceived arrangement, petitions fl >ck in upon
you in thousands, and as my Noble Friend ad
mits, irresistibly overpower all objections %
I be granting of a large measure of reform.—
But thus it ever is with injustice—it always
moves quicker than the complaints of its ef
fects, or the desires for redress. Injustice, I
remember, the poet tells us—
.“Injustice, swift, erect, and unconfined,
Sweeps the wide earth, and transits o’er mankind,
While prayers to heal her wrongs, move sio>v behind ”
But though prayers be slow, they are not less
sure io follow, and if injustice tramples o’er
mankind, and sweeps the wide earth, and if
prayers lag behind, it is as sure that it is in the
power of Heaven to grant redress, that injus
tice always leads to complaint—that the denial
of right- engenders the sense ol wrong; and
were the Government even insensible to the
signs of the times, and to all the other exam
ples which it has furnished before it, it would,
i my opinion, be perfect madness on its part
to resist the unanimous appeal of a suffering
people. (Loud Cheers) I give you not
counsel, my Lords, to yield to menace or to
bend to fear. I only give yon that counsel
which has been ofteft given to yon by those no
ble persona who have been most forward m
promoting the success of this great and healing
measure ot reform They honestly and opqj 1
fully performed their duty in those times at the
risk of the animadversions which it might draw
down upon them. They laughed at the ridicu^
feus charge of yielding to fear, and if I hey did
fear a discontented people. J tell you plainly,
niy Lords, that. 1 share in that fear with them,
i own that I fear the discontent of an unani
mous people, and I should tremble at the
thought of going on further without endeavor
ing to appease it, feeling as I do that (hey a-k
for their right, and that right, if withheld, and
that wrong unredressed, might rouse their
slubbering strength today. That appears
to me a reason which fairly calls upon u> to
yield to the ju9t demands of the people. But
this measure has been called a revolutionary
measure, and a great and uncalled for change.
My Noble Friend (Lord Warnchff ) has said
that is an unprecedented thing to do that which
he argued this measure goes to do—namely, to
alter the frames of the constitution of tlie
country. Now I will willingly meet ami engage
him on this ground Without going into the
details of the measure, I will maintain that the
principle of the bill is the principle of the Con
stitution—that it has uniformly been acted up
on, and,that it has been acted upon io a wor-*e
may than it has been acted upon in this in
stance. I will meet tny Noble Friend upon (he
voYy threshold of the bill, ihe diMranchisemeat
of sixty boroughs, and the, in part, disfrani
chisement of forty-seven more. Ttus is the
part upon which the great attack has been
made, as if it were the weakest and most vul
nerable part ol the bill. As to ihe objection
about givmg-an increase to Ihe weight of the
landed interest, though signr of the opp< nents
of the bill may not object to it on those grounds,
they hale the bill on account of the disfran
chisement of the boroughs,—and that disfran
chisement is represented as an unprecedented
change in the constitution of the country.—
Mr Canning was as consistent and ingenious, •
statesmanlike and successful, because consis
tent, enemy of all reform He objected to ail
kinds of change, and, when I would draw his
attention io the unrepresented state of Birm
ingham, Manchester Leeds, and such places, ha
would admit the fact, but then tie woulds-iy that
Liverpool York ii Pontefract were represent. d #
and that unrepresented Manchester was safe in
the representation of Liverpool Then w»»--n
]ie was asked what he could say to ScoUau ^
where there was riot even a virtual represepijt-
tion which he could point out in Engfend--*
where unrepresented Glasgow could not bd
said to be safe in unrepresented Edinburgh—
where from the banks of the Tw«ed to J .an
O’Groat’s house, there was not even the sum-
nlance of a popular election, aud where th.nga
had come to such a pass that, as had been said
by Mr. Fox. the 45 representatives of Scot
land might be chos .n by men living in Lom
bard street, London—Mr Canning admitted
ihe argument, that then he contended that any
chang. in such a state of things would he on
ly a portion-of a parliamentary reform; that it
would be an alteration io that parliamentary
constitution which has been given to us a-, da
ta for political men; that that constitution
hey bad no nghl to alter in nay respect, am?
'hat they might as well think oF touching the
constitution of Parliament as the crown on the
bead of the monarch. Now that, at feast, is a
consistent argument. In some years after,
when Mr Canning supported the disfranchise-
neat of a borough which had proved delin*
quent, I asked him on what grounds he thee
justified such a measure, when he recollected
die arguments which he had formerly urged
.gainst any thing of the ku^ Mr Canning
just.fied the measure on the necessity of the
case, as he argued those people had committed
an ff nee for which they should be punished.
1 hat was the only answer that Mr. Canning
could give to that question But they were
told that the disfranchisement of th*- boroughs
mentioned in the bill was a revolutionary mea
sure, as it there oad been ao eternally fixed
order and custom under the constitution of tnis
country for the maintenance of a certain num
ber ol boroughs—*as if the number of those
boroughs should remain perpetually the same,
and as if, as their advocates assert they formed
a position of the ancient and immutable consti
tution of this country Now there never was
a charge brought agafest any measure which
was more completely founded upoium utter
ignorance of the history of Ihu 88mniution of
this country Well atjrf^truly did my teamed
and eloquent friend (the*Chanc6ilor for Ireland)
say that -uch persons had read history to little
or no purpose-thev poured with the delight of
an antiquarian over the rust of th* brazen toys
which they collected id their search, but that
they did not dip into the mines of the solid ore,
nor seek for the precious gems of truth Do
such persons mean to assert that Gallon and
Old Sdrum, and all the other boroughs have
been, time ont of mind, a part and parcel of
the constitution of the country, & that many of
bem have not been, even in recent time®, al
tered and abrogated? I do not know whet bet
I am about to give information to your Lord-
ship of that which you do no know, hut judg
ing from what has taken place elsewhere 1
am certain that I communicate infnrmhtiuu to
some member of fhe House of Commons, w hen
I state chat, to the crown of this country, op to
the period of the onion with Scfoland never
was denied the unquestioned & undisputed right
of sending writs to any borough it pleased fa ol
pleasing to send them to any borough, it might
choose not to send them to. If you lock into
your history, you will find that such wa* tiie
cate. It appear^ from a statement* made by
Mr. Pitt, that about the period of the revolu
tion seventy boroughs were disfranchised, and
thi-ty-one were enfranchised. We only now
propose to do that which the crown has often
•lone previous to the union with Scotland Can
(bat bill, therefore, which disfranchises a cer
tain number of boroughs be justly described
ts a bill which goes to put down the consti- a-
»ion, when you find that up to the beginning of
= he seventeenth century exactly the same pow
er has been exercised by the crown? The no
ble Earl wh<^ spoke on that side of the House
»a« taunted some of my noble frie ds opr=j'ite,
because they, the daciplea of the kite Me.