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ME FEDERAL UNION.
VOLffl® WN^ .9*
MILLEDGEVILLi:, GA. THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 8, 1831.
WHOLE NUMBER Li.
J. G.
ukusiosasu
EDITED BY
POLIIHL Sc j. a* cuthbbrt.
„ f n .wislu-d every Thursday at THREE DOT EARS
THE I M0> is P ■ pyi;R ) if not paid before the end of the
F^r aiinnin, su-u a ’ W;ivne street, opposite McCombs’ Tavern.
> e i l F: A J,vL-KTisR\)ENTd published .it Uie usual rates.
by the Clerks of the Court, of ordinary that
P> ' B ' jj, has been made for Letters of Administration, must U’
COMMUNICATIONS.
IFOR THE FEDERAL UNION.]
Messrs. Editors.—Seldom, very seldom, have I
entered into any political discussion or controversy.
But at this time of general ’excitement, in relation
to State Rights, Nullification, &c. I beg permis
sion, through the medium of your paper, to offer a
few calm, candid, simple and unadorned sentiments.
When our allegiance to the mother country was
dissolved, the several Colonies became so many
separate and Independent Nations. No one sub
mitted to the control or direction of any other. A
; sense of commondanger produced united exertions
I against a common enemy. The first compact be-
i tween them, resembled more a treaty of alliance,
j offensive and defensive, than a National Govern
ment. The States as independent sovereignties,
^ i finally devised and adopted the existing Constitu-
ordcTs of "court' of'ordi'na"ry,"( accompjuiiea with a copy of the ! lion of the Confederacy. It was a work of liberal.
THREBAfoNTKt , «ea s r ,te UOes “ ’ “ patriotic compromise. * The interests of the large
tauifb?^?fsed“THmT^DA^s-unde? S J a1tes ’ States, and slave-holding States, were
clxty days—Saits of perishable property under order of court, | all consulted, and tlie political powers of each ad-
•jnust be advertised, generally, TUN DAY3 before the day of sale. 1 iusted. Now if the schemes of chature for fonpifM
*A11 orders'for Advertisements will be punctually attended to. ju icu. JAum H lUC ..C lie I lies OI Cliailge lor ldncteu
-."ah letters directed to this office, or the Editors must be post- evils, once succeed, there is an end,
■pal'd, tu enm.c them to attention. solution of the whole fabric. If we attempt a new
~ ! ~ adjustment of rigfits and powers, every fastning is
OlIN It. AVOOTAN respectfully tenders himself, cut j oose —'X'f ie members of the Union are disjoin-
„ r!“.lt. 1ted and scattered, and no hand save that of Omni-
tlie Clfiikship ol ihc ^uuiihOr C ovirt u-« tnbuin^cicc i . i_ i • + • t i • m ,1
lion fe January next. Aug; 4 ! P? lence > can hold back interminable rum. To the
— ! U 111
application
L"'.';' 11 :' ’! ^Tcutors ami Administrators for Debtors and Crcdl-
render m theiraccounts, must be published -SIX WEEKS.
*°sdMnf St"”oes by Executors aud Administrators must be ad-
vpmspfl SIXTY PAYS before the day of sale.
S^Jvs'of personal property (except negroes) of testate and Intes
tate estates by Executors aud Administrators, must be advertised
1 AntdhaV.onl’by Executors, Administrators and Guardians to the
Court of Ordinary for leave to sell Land, must be published FOUR
^AppUcatior.s hv Executors and Administrators for Letters Dismis-
Eory must be published SIX MONTHS.
Applications for Foreclosure of Mortgages on real estate must be
advertised once a month for SIX MONTHS.
Sales of real estate by Executors, Administrators and Guardians,
must be published SIXTY DAYS before Hie day of sale. These
Bales must be made at the court-house door between the hours of 10 ,
In the morning and 4 in the afternoon. No sale from day to day is
Valid, unless so expressed In the advertisement.
J
w
w
w
In i.
we would prove to liim, and to the citizens of the
State, that all we averted in relation to the Means
made use of foi.obtaining subscribers to the Ad
vertiser, is true.” This article, written on tiie
morning of publication, in the haste incident to bu
siness, and without due reflection upon the force of
its meaning, or the inference which might be drawn,
was only intended to repel the imputation that I
was acting from improper motives in the publica
tion of the “caution” before alluded to.”
If this does not contain a direct admission of all
1 have charged, then I confess myself unable to
comprehend the meaning of language—Mr. Shaw
denies having insisted upon the'truth of the infor
mation he received—by way of proof lie produces
the paragraph to which mine alludes, which not
only sustains my assertion, but goes further and
shows that he insisted upon the truth of “all, he
asserted” in relation to the matter! Truly out of
his own mouth is he condemned. But mark the;
result—Sensible that the quotation convicts him of
the falsehood, with an audacity alone belonging to
the most reckless offender, he offers by way of apol-
°gy that the “article was written on the morning
the total dis- Publication, in the haste incident to business,
ftpmni a n»m and without <lu6 reflection upon the force of its
meaning.” Now are these reasons sufficient to
justify the writing and publication of a lie? Is tie
article shown to be less untrue because “written on
the morning of publication ?” Is it less wilful be-
Jnion, and its long tried and long approved Con- cause written “in the haste incident to business?”
E are authorized to announce Mr. LE V. IS J. W. | .aitution, let us adhere with firm, with unshaken 11 ,ess a because written “without due reflec-
KRAATZ a candidate lor Clerk oi the Inferior, devotion. Tlie rights and privileges of the States, t,on u P° n t!ie r ° rce ° r ils meaning?” Is the slander-
are also objects of the highest regard. From them iess ba ? e because persevered, in even though the
we derive almost atl the rules, which govern hu-! pRbimniator contones ltis inability to prove it true? If
man conduct in society. They give constant occu- 5 jtbe deemed a sufficient apology lordies that they have
pation to political vigii.ance and activity. Tlie peo- been told of a morning,, in haste, without reflection tip
ple daily see and feel their administration. They on | ^ f^ree, where is the sanction for truth? How
become acquainted with the science and practice * ie slanderer be amenable to justice? But why
of government by constant experience. States are llot . ®ba\v think of these things sooner?
also the nurseries of republicanism. The dangers “V did he not sooner-come out with his recan-
of usurpation, by tlie Union,are avoided by a firm f atl(,u - *he fact is, his apology has no foundation
preservation of State independence in its proper 111 truth. I o escape the charge of one falsehood,
sphere. The people are thus combined, that they ' Vaen detected, he has resorted to another,
can act in concert, all their energies can at once be j ‘ ederal Union of same date, I stated that,
brought in array against encroachments by the ‘“Subsequently they have in like manner asser-
Confederacy. But while we watch and defend their ability to prove the charge by‘affidavits’
State Rights, with a rigorous vigilance, the peo- , ni respectable sources. Although called for, and
pie do not re
ihe General
narrovtf pincl 0t , „ p
We look to it, as possessing useful National au- J '‘an to prove the truth ol such an assertion, or to
thority—We look to it, as combining and sustain- 1 P r .°. * ce j rom a Jl *h a t has been said, any tiling
ing an undivided National character, and uniting ^‘ u ch will sustain him in this count ol liis indict-
the several States, under the limitations prescribed
raised upon his plantation, over and above his own
supply, by creating new demands and higher value
for labor, and by increasing'the extent and activity
of the circulation of the capital of the State.
Resolved, That Dr. John Wingfield, Adam G.
the Rail Road Company, is ewmpaini.vc.v trihrgj
their losses being principally m”timber,
wharf slightly injured. The water is iasi ucti! m
from the back parts of the erty. r Iiie .iitLua.xn
occasioned by the flowing in of the ware is M'riie*
Saffold, Jolm B. Walker, and Rhoderick Leonard, - sea, will occasion a great ioss. Ali the garo.t t- in
Esqs. l>e and they are hereby appointed to repre- ithe back part of tlie city, and in five vic.iuty ol £..e
sent tlie county of Morgan at the Rail Road Con
vention to be held at Eatonton.
Resolved, That a majority of the Delegates ap
pointed by this meeting be, and they are herby em
powered to fill any vacancy that may oceur- in
their body. * . _
Resolved, That the proceedings of this -meeting
YOUNG. STOKES, ChairmaYi.
Thad. B. Rees, Jjj^Qretai^.
DOMESTIC.
Court of Baldwin county.
w ,;
Aug 4
are authorized to announce Mr. RANSOM
U.. SMITH a candidate for Clerk of tlie Inferi
or Uourt of Baldwin county, at the next election. Aug 4
E are requested to announce the name of VViL-
V T LIAM D.- SCOGG1N, Esq. as a candidate for
She. iff of Baldwin county, at the next election for coun
ty officers. I s * nv 6
E are authorized to announce Capt. WILLIAM
F. SCOTT a candidate for Sheriff of Baldwin
a’the ensuing election. July 5—mte
a.e auihonsed.ioann'Huice BARRADI'.LL P-
STUBBS, Esq. as a candidate for Tax Gollec-
Ba'tlwin c«un*v, at the n«-x? election. Jone 23
W B are auto »rized i . announce JAMES CONE,
Esq. as a candidate for Tax Collector ol Bald
win - junty, at the election in January next.
A' igust 25 ^
i3 are authorized to announce V\ . C. l''O^VELL,
Esq. a candidate for Receiver of Tax Returns
win, a
.he election in January next. July 2S.
NOTICE,
F ’RSONS luvi g ac.counts agamst the JWdlfdgeriUe
Muonic tint Lottery, will please present them for
pa meat, wit inn ten days Irwuuhis da'e.
By order,
r-ecreiary iu vuumu^
4—
It. A. GREENE,
Secretary to Commissioners.
Milledgeville, August 4,1831.
COTTON
YD®
'jiAkS iieavj
for sate by
P>
^■4—-if
WILEY & BAXTER.
t
inj
JL'e;
FliOURKOY,
(indorr cf IVm. II. Flournoy,)
VS taken a fcClil)t/L iti 1 ■ * a*. *irs. ^ ickef.;
nearly opposite Mr. Humphries, where sue wi
ir.i a select, number, not exceeding fifteen, the follow-
branches of Female Education, ai tlie annexed pri-
It
English Grammar, and
Astronomy, Natural
Reading, W ritiri;
Plain Work,
Gcograghy, History
Philosophy, Belles Let*res and Orna-
mcnfml Work, -
T*rawing and Painting, »
Embroidery, - - • ” ”
French Language, (fivp lessons per week,)
Music, (five lessons per week,)
Use of the Piano for Practicing, - -
As the most devoted attention will be paid to the con
duct neatness, &c., as well as mental improvement ot
those pupils confided to her, parents and guardians are
requested to visit, the School twice a month and judge oi
their improvement.
Milledgeville, August 1st, 1831.
$3 pci- qr
5
6
4
6
12
2
4—tf
coast are ruined. At Terre aux lioufs the planta
tions were completely under water, ui many j I'-es
to the depth of five feet.* Tlie corps in that quar
ter are Ooiisequently entirely ruined. Some of the
plantations "below town, were also under water.
From above, the accounts are contradictory.
The loss however, we are inclined to think, is not
rehended. The ship Illinois
,-ee on Sunday, ha\ ing stood
w ^ Is, in about iat. 25. At the
Balize little or no damage was done; one pilot beat
! was dismasted, and the houses bad three ieet w a-
: ter in them, but the woinen and children took ref
uge on board the Pilot boats. At the SW pass all
the cabins w r ere washed away;
Tlie levee between Maiigny’s and Miller’s mill
exhibit a sad spectacle, not so much of the ravages
INTERNAL IMPROVEMENT.
Tlie following letter is from John Bolton, Esq. r .
too well known in this city, during a long residence °‘ l *‘ e storm, asof tlie extreme ncg'igtncc of flu. c>-
as an eminent merchant, lor his energetic character a dniinistration. Nearly the Whole levee is v, ash-,
and many useful qualities, to need our urging his , away; but a storm of much less violence would
claims to public attention. As the President of the have left if nearly in the same state; lor scaicely
Delavvare and Hudson Canal Company, he for se- one looto ' the whole but was crumbled atiay with
veral vears Daet has sunerintended the on^ratinn-*! rottenness; tlie iron fastenings originally loo slender
veral years past has superintended tiie ojierations
of botli Railways and Canals, and therefore his
opinions are entitled to the highest respect.
We feel great pleasure in being able to lay this
glits, with a rigorous vigilance, the peo- | l ’o m respectaolc sources. Although called lor, and
>t require the fair unquestioned powers of on ? premised, these ‘affidavits’ are yet withheld.”
eral Government to be administered by a r * ®!‘ aw sa . vs —
linching policy. ' 1 his c.iarge is utterly false. Wedefy^Mr. Ju-
in the Constitutionj into one great and glorious re
public. However commanding may be the repu
tation of a single State, it is mingled with tlie uni
ted greatness of tiie whole—However small may
be the means, or confined the objects of a State,
its people equally participate in the glory of their
common country. All take pleasure and pride to
see their government distinguished by those acts
which improve and adorn «Jie nation. In propor
tion to the widening extent of the republic and its
vast accumu’ating population, must be the views
and policy’of its administration. Lastly: The pre
servation of those civil and political rights demands
tlie sleepless vigilance of the fabled guardian of
Ilesperides—That spirit which gave them exig
ence, must be maintained with sacred fidelity.
The freedom of the Confederacy will perhaps, ne
ver again be assailed by hostile fleets and armies.
It is from among ourselves, we must hereafter loo!,
for its most dangerous enemies. When disappoin
ted ambition is grasping at the reins, when public
servants are no longer “judged by their measures”
when the union is thrown into commotion to grati
fy any man or his confederates. The syren song
of freedom and love of Constitution allures but to
destroy’.
No Office holder or Office hunter.
L1W.
-=»snr YRGROVE & WALTHALL arc practicing Law
I! iL n connection. They wifi attend the Courts in the
~ fu^«»AU.
Covinsron, Newton cr>. June 23, 1831. 5°—"
C I tTiBERT & POLHIIiL
H .» , E opened their LAW OFFICE at theCom-
mssinner’s IIa.ll in the market-house, Mnledge-
'. u fc) Georgia. One of them is always to be found there
ready to attend to professional calls.
They will practice io the following Counties anu C n-
^ ults: f BALDWIN,"
iJONES
Ocmulgee Circuit -j ]>utNAAI,
f WILKINSON.
THE LIE ACKNOWLEDGED
“TO THE PUBLIC.”
In tlie Athenian of the 23d uit. is a lengthy arti
cle over the signature of “O. P. Shaic ' acknowl
edging himself to be the author 6f certain scanda
lous imputations against the friends of tlie propos
ed paper entitled the “Gainesville Advertiser.”
That the rest of the individuals known to be con
cerned in the management of the Athenian siiouid
at length find it necessary to exonerate themselves j
j from tiie condemnation of public opinion, by siiii\-i
ing the blame from tiieir own, to the shoulders of j
O. P. Shaw, is not to be wondered at. Traced as I
they have been from artifice to falsehood—detected
in all their machinations—exposed by the most lr- !
refutable evidence of their own production, tiie sit- j
uation they’ occupied became too painful for endu- I
tical wisdom worth a thousand of the wild theories
of" untried experiments, or the vague and uncer
tain opinions of theoretical philosophy. It is en
titled to tlie calm consideration of tlie people of
this State, and we hope it will receive it. The re
lative advantages of Canals and Rail Roads, are
now reduced almost to mathematical axioms; it
requires only that topographical examinations be
made by skilful engineers, to determine the prefer
ence due to one or the oilier, according to the loca
tion. We ask that these examinations may be
made before a decision lie had, and we invite the
attention of tiie public to that object.
Our brother Editors throughout the State, friend
ly to internal improvement, are requested to give
currency to this article.
New'-Yorr, July 21.
Dear Sir—I perceive that some of the papers
are endeavouring to arouse the people of Georgia
to a sense of the importance of artificial means of
transportation, between the interior of the State
aud the coast. Both interest and good will induce
me to wish them success, and were I a younger
man, I should like much to take a part in executing
any work that should have a favorable bearing on
Savannah. A six years experience in the construc
tion and operations of the works of the Delaware
and Hudson Company, would give me some advan
tage: but, as it is, 1 can only oner my good wishes
and any useful information that may "be in my pow
er. From the articles I have seen, I perceive with
some regret, that they entirely overlook the great
natural advantages that Georgia has over most of
the States, in the construction of Canals, and re
commend Rail Roads; which arc the only resource
of those who do not possess facilities for Canals,
and who consequently endeavor to make the public
believe that they are superior to Canals. In this
they have feticcethico to some extent for t!?$ n re-
sent; but, having some experience of both, fam!
not among the converts to this new system. I give
it a place between Turnpike Roads and Canals,
and feel a confidence, that time will confirm this
order; and tins, only in cases where the amount of
transportation will justify the expense of a Rail
received, but for the remarkable reason fjiat “the
public can feel no interest in seeing the names or a ‘-'re report to the Proprietors cl the Liver-
correspondence of private individuals in this matter I P°° , ancll , ester ^ ai Road, it is stated that
be must decline publishing it at present.” He ,iaareaJC , ‘^expense oi transportation lroni
yet refuses to give this written testimony—He who \ qV 5 .P er l ™ - Canal, to .L10 b> Rail Road for
pubiicly accused a number of individuals of an im-> i nu es * *' e ^ uce ^ ra te at 7 per cent Ex-
position, when culled up rtn c-mi/ioniTr i cnziii^ej ^ di 1-i# cts. per ton. On me £n'ie On-
covers that “tlie public
ing it!” Of tills the public are the judges
likewise of the whole controversy. I anticipate!
no division of opinion among them—Honorable
and weak, are eat up, and tlie embankment is ex
ceedingly narrow. Yet this was the only barrier,
y , ^ ^ x i ^ ^ ^ against the mighty Mississippi. A sligbf storm m
letter before the public. It contains lessons of prac- I T lol V^ , a ^ c ^> or R t any time when the river
.•» • » 1 . i WQC! nirrh WAllM hm rn nnvi n«>.n.r 4 l 4i.l. .vl.% L. -
ment. I\> save him the necessity of such an effort,
I submit the remarks published on the 28th June
last, to which he must allude:”
“We have not as y#t received affidavit of the
truth of that information, but hope shortly to be a-
ble to confirm what lias been stated by unimpeach
able testimony. Mr: Julian shall then hear from
us again.”
I ask every man possessing the power of com
bining common ideas, if Mr. Shaw has not again
convicted himscll of falsehood, and justified the
use of the sentence at the head of this article? He
“had not yet received affidavits” &c. does not this
imply tlie expectation that at some future time he
would receive them? “But he hoped shortly to be
able to confliin what lias Ueen otatcvl, by unim
peachable testimony.” Who but O. P. Shaw will
say the “affidavits” are not here referred to and
meant? “Mr. Julian shah thenilSar from us again,”
Here they are promised to becommuuicated to me,
and of course In the same manner as heretofore,
which by his own choice was publicly, through the
Athenian.
One tiling more and I have done—The “affida
vits” are now acknowledged not to be come at able—
The “written testimony” Mr. Shaw savs he has
was high,.would have earned away the Whole le
vee for three hundred yards in front of the Sieam
Press, and inundated and destroyed all the planta
tions below. Let any citizen examine this levee*
and judge of the culpable negligence of those ap
pointed to guard and protect our property and
lives.
The total of the losses occasioned by the siorm
are variously estimated. They will not however,
fall much short of half a million of dollar’s; fo: al
though the damages, except to the levee, the stop
ping and sugar crop are not very apparent, yet
there are few buildings in tlie city, but have some'
injury, and scarcely a citizen but Las sustained los-s
of some kind or other;
The effects of the storm too, will be felt, after all
traces of it shall have disappeared. Tlie waters
will have entire y needed by to-morrow, and the
sun re-assuming its ordinary intensity will raise
miasma’s tlie most deleterious to health. Already
in many parts of tlie city, the exhalations are in
tolerable, and unless the Mayor exerts himself to
have all impurities removed and corrected, we may
expect a most fetal epidefnic. The plains and
swamps will be left no debt covered with tlie car
cases of drowned animals, and even the strtefs and
yards in the city will be for from free of them; they
should as far as possible be removed, and tlie pri
vies corrected with lime. It is on an ocasion like
the present, that the Mayor may give evidence of
his vigilance and energy.*—Argusi
i auuiuueroi individuals oi an nn- 1 , ^ * .
jailed upon for proof, suddenly dis-1 c, “ n - e > t‘.»*» c ‘y e f ton - °'! **, ,
i public can ieel no interest in sec- I na ai 8 L* laHute and Hudson Canal, the highest
rate for merchandise, including toll, freight and re
ceiving and forwarding, is 5 cents per ton per mile,
or $51 tiO cts. for 32 miles: on flour and other arti-
-and
f BIBB,
Flint Circuit \ MONROE,
(henry.
Chatahoochie Circuit 'I'ALLOT.
C TWIGGS,
Southern Circuit j TELFAIR, Sir.
Middle Circuit W ASHINGTON.
Milledceville, June 23,1831
UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, (
August 13, 1831. $
T IIE Faculty of Franklin College have resolved to
give an annual prize, of the value of about ten dol-
Jars in appropriate and well selected books, to tlie best
Greek scholar, who shall enter the Freshman class in Au
gust, for a regular course. The names of the young een-
tienien thus distinguished, and of the teachers by whom
they were educated, will be made public, that a laudable
emulation may be excited, and the standard of litera
ture raised throilghout the State.
Tiie Latin Prize, however, will not. lie given to anv
who shall not manifest, on examinalion, a thorough
knowledge of, at least, Jacob’s Latin Reader, both vols.
> Caesar’s Commentaries, all the wars in Gaul, Gould’s
Ovid, the whole of Virgil, Cicero’s Select. Orations, and
the Catoline and Jugurthine wars of Sallust.
The Greek prize will not be given for less than a cor
rect knowledge of Delectus a valuable work for begin
ners, John and Acts, Jacob’s Greek Reader, and Gncca
similar prize will be given for the best knowledge of
Arithmetic, and Day’s Algebra as far as die end ot Sim
ple Equations. • , , • . ,
Tiie Latin and Greek prizes have been tins day award
ed by the Faculty to Robert Harris, pupil of the Rev.
Mr. Smith of Powelton. The prizes now given consist
of die works of Cicero, in ten volumes, and of Homer m
tour volumes, handsomely bound, gilt and lettered.
There was no candida-e for the Mathematical prize.
It is desired by the Faculty that all the prizes be hereaf
ter taken. By order of the Faculty,
WILLIAM L. MITCHELL, Secretary.
men of all parties must be amazed at the audacity
of an attempt without parallel in the history of the
press—and perceive that the imbecility of the man,
or rather that fatuity incident to a want of recti
tude in motive and in means, has betrayed Mr.
Shaw into as full an acknowledgment of tlie Lie as
his bitterest opponent could desire to see fastened
upon him. Having already largely trespassed up
on the .patience of the Editors of the Federal Un
ion, at a time when matter mere congenial to pub-
rance, and, as had been anticipated, they have been He taste could easily have been substituted, and
August.25
NOTICE.
LL persons indebted to the estate of Jolm Lane,
la e of Burke county, deceased, are requested to
make immed’atc payment; and all those liaving demands
’ will present than according to law to
JAMF-S.TORRANCE, Ex’or.
iSrDtl-
-A 8—fit-
driven to seek refuge from merited odium, by plan
ting before them tiie person of a certain Mr. O. P.
Shaw, who i3 thus made tlie scapegoat ol their
monstrous iniquity. I have neither leisure or in
clination to comment upon the want of magnanim
ity—upon the littleness of soul, that could permit
them to embark in a base attempt to inflict injury
upon an individual who never wronged them, and
when detected and exposed, to shrink from the res
ponsibility of the deed by yielding up their tool a
trembling victim as a propitiatory sacrifice. Had
these men subjected their malignant passions to the
restrictions of prudence—if in their editorial ca
reer they had not habitually’' indulged a propensity
for the most disingenuous misrepresentations ol
the sentiments and conduct of others, and aban
doned themselves to the most unbridled licentious
ness, regardless of the means so the end be gained,
they would not now have found themselves in a
predicament so disgracetul, so dishonorable.
With Mr. O. P. Shaw, I have no controversy;
I desire to have none.
having extracted from the soi disant editor of the
Athenian clear and ample evidence of his own guilt,
I consign liim over to the decision of tlx* public
whose judgement lie has invoked—for the future
being “in search of higher game.” N. B. JUIIAN.
CO" “As the” Athenian “has been the vehicle
through which this attack (ot" Mr. Shaw’s) has
been made, the editors of that paper are requested
as an act of justice to their patrons and the public,
as well as myself, to give the above a place in their
columns.” N. B. J.
Madison, 23d August, 1831.
The citizens of Morgan county, haring met a-
greeable to previous notice, for the purpose of ap
pointing delegates from said county, to meet other
delegates from the different counties throughout
the State at Eatonton, Putnam county, on the
fourth Monday in September next, for the purpose
ofholdingaConventiontoderise ways and means,
Had I not conscientiously i for erecting a Rail Road from Augusta to some
believed others to lie at work behind the curtain, j point in the interior—Upon motion of Dr. E. E.
the charge pu forth through the Athenian, would! Jones, it was ordered, that Young Stokes, Esq.be
have been disregarded by me. It would have been appointed Chairman to said meeting—and upon
a sufficient refutation to know that he was its au- motion of Col. Van Leonard, Thad. B. Rees acted
thor. I commiserate Mr. Shaw’s dilemma, and as Secretary.
hone it will prove an admonitory lesson, remember- Mr. E. A. Nisbet, after explaining the^ object
ed bv him through future life, to show that when of the meeting, moved that a committee of seven
an individual permits himself to be used as a tool be appointed, charged with the duty of reporting
GO CIS,
cles of smull value, it is stiil less. Flour does not
exceed for long distances 3 cents per ton per mile,
making only'98 cents for 32 miles: Oik the Dele-
ware and Hudson Canal, a boat carrying 30 tons
costs $5400; 5 per cent per annum will keep her in
repairs. It requires 12 waggons to carry tlie same
weight on the Rail Road, cost, $1,400, and the re
pairs will probably be from 15 to 20 per cent. The
annual repairs of the Canal is about $400 per miie;
ol the Rail Road about $1,500 j>er mile. The Ca
nal is getting better every year, the Rail Road
worse. This Rail Road of the Delaware and Hud
son Canal Company passes over a rough, uneven
country, and has 8 inclined planes. The wear of
machinery and ropes on these planes is very ex
pensive, and bear a greater proportion to the length
of line that would oe found in Georgia below the
mountains. I have however no doubt that the an
nual expense of Rail Roads" will be found to be
greater than is generally estimated.
Augusta, August 31.
THE LATE FRESHET.
Since our last, the water in the Savannah River,
has greatly sulieided—and now it almost assumes
its wonted beauty and grandeur, while it afloids a
good navigable Steam-boat river—Some of the
wharves and platforms have sustained considerable
injury, the extent of which cannot be eoirectly as
certained, owing to the water being over (lie louver
wharf. The damage to the crops, &c. in either
direction from this city, along the margin of tlie ri
ver, as far as we have been Informed, has bten ve
ry considerable—some planters have lost their
whole crop by the flood. For the last four davs,
little or no rain has fallen in the city, although the
weather looks far from being settled.—Chronicle
[From the Athen’an.]
As a considerable interest has been excited by
the case of Canatoo, aCherol.ee Indian c< nfined
in Walton Jail utader the charge of diguing (.a id
in his own nation, which, by tue ia$t Legis.a*\re
was made a Penitentiaryjoffepce, we lay before our
readers the following information dc/ivcq diom-a
source which may he relied on.
The Indian was taken by the State Guard and
carried To Gwinnett, the county having jurisdiction
of the case, and upon examination he was con nut
ted to Walton Jail, there being no' Jail in Gwin
nett. During the session of the Superior Court of
Walton county, lie was brought up by Habeas
Corpus, and his discharge was moved for upon
three grounds. 1st. That the warrant and com
mitment were defective. 2d. That the act of the
last Legislature itself, did not contemplate punish
ing the Indians for digging Gold on their own lands,
but was intended for intruders and other persons,
and 8d. That if it did, it was unconstitutional, on
the ground that it violated numerous treaties made
with them expressly guaranteeing the undisturbed
possession and occupancy of ail their lands not ced-
Afier much argument, the Court
for the base purpose of detraction and unprovoked
injury, his employers are ever ready to yield him
up a sacrifice for their own safety.
In his address “to the public” Mr. Shaw substan
tially admits the truth of every “count” in mv “in
dictment.” Two instances are here adduced as
samples, to-wit.
In tlie Federal Union of the 11th Aug. I used
these words—
“In reply to a writer in the Federal Union, over
the signature of “Hall,” in like manner expressing
a belief that the fact alleged was a malicious fabri
cation, the Athenian is made to re-iterate incapital
letters, that it is true, and declares the ability of
its conductors to sustain it by unimpeachable testi
mony.”
To this Mr. O. P. Shaw replies,
“In repelling the accusation which the above or
a similar charge conveyed, that the information giv
en to the Djiblic was a “fabrication” of mine, it w’as
stated that “were the author personally known to
lis and did we consider liim worthy our attention
forthwith to this body such resolutions as will meet
the object of the meeting.
The motion having been agreed to, Messrs. E.
Nisliet, John B. Walker, James C. Cook, Rob
ert R. Harden, Lancelot Johnston, Lucius L.
Wittich, and William S. Stokes were appointed
the Committee-Haring retired a few’ minutes, they
returned, and Mr. Nisbet reported tlie following
resolutions:
Resolved. That this meeting approve of Ihe
Convention to be held at Eatonton, to considor of
ways and means for oentrsucting a Rail Road from
Augusta to some eligible point in tlie interior of the
State. •
Resolved, That it is the sense of this meeting
that a Rail Road from Augusta to some suitable
point in the interior, w T ould contribute largely to
the interest of the planters, bv enhancing the value
of real estate, bv lessening fi e ; ght upon bulky arti
cles for sale or consumption, and thereby raising tfo
value of the one, and lessening the cost of the othei
by affording to the planter a market of every thing
ed to the wdiites.
,p. . ” ‘--sumareu. j sai( , it wa3 a vcry important question, and requir-
TtoH4Lv.Ua , claimed b - v k the adv i ocatc « ; ed the utmost deliberation. Respect for the Le-
. •. ‘ uia , s * 13 , , ra ^ u it y, °! I gislature demanded it. As however, i’ did not be
lt i V. n' v.<ao tv /: erp0 ° i Manchester Rail i fi eve jhc person could be discharged upon the two
oa [ U 4 > • r c grounds tor this claim; as fo e ‘ first grounds, it would in candor sav, his best pros-
resuits ot Ene Canalhave furnished data on which j peet was on the last, and as the Court would take
to found similar projects, and both are equally ex- j f ime to cons i der so grave a question, it would re-
KnnT^luja ^3" 11 a ono'uTi? 0 . a1 ^ .. n " j lease liim from his confinement upon his ow’n re-
.-i t • , ■ V' dol.ars per mile, cognizance, to appear and answer to the charge at
CS ! 4 niat f k ° Ur Rai1 R< r ds | Gwinnett SuperiorCourt, when and where its Spin
t c from «, to 1-,000 and nothing is now bet- fon would be delivered, if in the mean time its mint
Ipr fl qgprtll 1 n P f I t no n t nut sit ro n r^t! » n r» J R *-» r\e*o m * ... . s-. . . i • m-. > a.
ter ascertained than that strengthand firmness must
be in proportion to velocity of movement; and that
to avoid the expense and delay of inclined planes,
hills must be cutdown and valleys filled up. These
requisites cannot be attained withoutgreat expense,
except in locations peculiarly favorable, but strength
and firmness are indispensable in any location. Be
sides there is one advantage claimed in favor of
Rail Roads in this quarter which is not applicable
to the South. The waters diminish here at the pe
riod of greatest business, the reverse is the case at
the South. Here also Canals are shut by ice in
winter, and then it is believed Rail Roads will con
tinue to be used, but from my experience the ex
pense and difficulties will be found to be much en
hanced; and where inclined planes are used, so
much so as to forbid their use upon a calculation of
profit: I write from no other motive than good
vvill towards my fellow citizens of Georgia. I wish
them prosperity, and should therefore regret to
see them carried away by the fashionable mania of
the day.
It may well suit the people of Charleston to cry
up Rail Roads, but Georgia has natural advanta
ges for Canals which ought not to be neglected.
mind
The Court*
its opinion
but
New Orleans, Aug. 23.
The Storm.—Since our last, the information we
iave received, has been mostly favorable. The
-leam'boat Longbranch, about which so much un
easiness was felt, arrived safely, and reported -no
asses on the lake. The storm at Mobile was not
*e t as much as here.—-Tiie damage sustained by I laying the result before our rcatfersf.
could be fully satisfied on the point,
stated that it would endeavor to have
ready by Jackson Court, which is just pas/;
such has been the nature of iWitheren
gagements, as well as the great magnitude of the
question, that it has not been done, and will not be
done, until every source of in formation * lwj|h legal*"
and political, is consulted, which can possibly shed
light up a subject involving so seriously, the liberty
of an unfortunate people, as well as the chanc ier
of the State.
Since the question of the Indians digo-fog gold
has been agitated, many persons have exj^essed an
opinion that if they are allowed to dq it, thev can
employ any persons they please to do the same
thing. Such an opinion is v.-rv erroneous, for we
have it from Judge Clayton hWeifi that even if
he were to decide that the Indians had the right,
the law would be binding against every other per
son, and the doctrine that “what' a man does hv
another, he does by himself,” will not apply to
criminal cases. It is tthly applicable to civil con
tracts, and every man stands upon his own respon
sibility in commitflRg acts that are made crimkmi
bylaw.
\Ye should regard anv remarks upon this sub
ject, at this time as premature, and have therefore
confined ourselves to the opinions entertained bv
the Court. When the question shall have lteen de
finitely determined^—a question in which the pub
lic cannot but feel a more than ordinary interest,
shall avail ourselves of the earliest opportunity of