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Celts?*#!)'
POLITICAL.
FOR THE GEORGIA TELKGIiAl’H.
I subject to lie modified by circumstances.” In the 1
• siination in which the southern division then
stood, did such circumstances imeivene, 1 ltuiu-
To the People of the Southern and Eastern \ bl >' wnceivc they d.d not, accuroiu 0 to the pro-
' ... . 1 |ioscd plan ne were already iu a minority m th
division oj the State of Georgia.
Fi:l< nv-Ci rizE.Ns— I’o prevent misrepresen-
tatiou and to en title yon to form a correct opin
ion id' tim amendments proposed, respecting the
reduction of the Legislature, as recommended by
lit: recent convention tit Aliliedgeville. I deem
it a duty that I owe to the country, to lay before
you a plain and distinct view of the reasons which
induced ti large majority of your delegates to con
cur in those amendments. While performing this
duty, l shall strictly adhere to facts, leaving eve
I louse ol Rcpreseutatives, constituting only about
one third, and in all human probability likely so
io continue. By the act of the Legislature and
“the oath taken," each county was secured oue
representative, and Lint a very few in thesoutb-
I cru division could expect to retain more by a
temporary agreement, much less to gain it by any
future ratio, to us then it was demoustrabh , that
wo couid not loose by the white population as a
basis, nor gain by insisting on federal numbers
for the toiler house, hut on the other hand, have
ry one to form his own opinion from them, and j we not gained eminently in ilia Senate. The 38
in-lead of attempting to conceal, it is my greatest
desire to -pread the whole truth before the people
of Georgia. i?u far as relates io myself, 1 <!o not
hesitate to say, that 1 went into th ■ convention,
with a determination, so lar as i 1 . was practicable,
to reconciletho various and . <i.ith< tmg interests ol
the State, hut while 1 had in view the good of the
whole. I was averse to doing any tiio-s iujuslict
to any of the parts. As soon as the convention
countits as already observed, are to be represen
ted in t at body by 19 senators, instead of 11,
whi h would have hi ea their proportion by fed
eral numbers, we shall hold iu that body a posi
tive veto on any tutur. oiiendments that may he
propose.i to ih.-Co s lutiou; and with respect
to the protect on o: ••ar'dlave property, by au
niou wit a similar interest in the mi..die region
ol the t t , a decided majority. Fcilow oili
n'a» organized, I moved to raise i comimlteo to ; 2eu-, 1 might rest here my own justification aud
lie composed of three from each judicial circuit that of a large maj.rity ol your delegates, lor
to devise some plan which might form a basis, on haying abaudoned the federal basis, cud thereby
which our future ppei aiioris might be predicated, securing to the district of country that you occu-
Thecomm'.itee w ; appointed. >ud afterdue con- pj« a piotecuon aud future weight in the Legis-
siJere.ttm «hev rej>or. Id. i n..i tii - Hi;.to should iaiure, which v, as little anticipat.-il wnci th c Cun-
bp laid off iuto 3G sen.iional districts: That the. vention assembled, and instead of eliciting cen-
Kmi- II jiies, nt.iiivcs should consist of Ml -lire, ought re m a w form a universal feeling of
member-aud iiouior'e: that each county should gratiilation. Brit a high tfcnsc of duty imposes
have ono representative, and the excess should on me, though an humble individual, and but ro
be distributed among the most populous counties, ceutly engaged iu ills councils ol the State, the
agreeable to federal numbers Tins report by no ! uecessiiy or going thriller iuto au exposition of
menus im t my approbation, hut being the chair- this -ubject, and anticipating the grounds which
man uftho committee, 1 reserved my opposition, wiiljie taken to produce dissatisfaction anddis-
umil it cam* before the'convention. ' l Ii id how - j trust among many good, bin uutuformetl citizens,
ever in committee been a good deal surprised, ! 1 beg leave to premise this lolloiving remarks by
by the Hon. Delegate fiom Chatham, offering iu asserting that the frequent attempts, wuich hfinte
writing an amendment, tbut tne senatorial dis- years have been made to alter and i educe the
tricts, should be founded on Federal numbers, , representation f the State, have invarinldy pro-
aiid from that tim. I Uv in tosuspeet that efforts I cceded tlirectly or indirectly iroin the rich, p~p-
w mild he made prejumcial to your, best interest, I ulous and inland counties: as one instanco 1 refer
white population as the true basis they secure
in future an increasing prepofidcrehce in the
House of representatives so far as relates to
onr own sectional interest. 1 pray you fellow
citizens to enquire arid calmly calculate before
any of you decide against adopting the propo
sed amendments; if they are n ow rejected
and any oilier Convention hereafter assembles,
rest assured that you will he at the mercy of
an overwhelming majority. Perhaps you may
now be tauntingly told, that it was proposed to
make but 3-J senatorial districts, each to be
composed of three contiguous counties, by
which the southern division would have been
put on an equal footing with ll.q northern, and
with the same bieath the motives of your del
egates may be impugned. I deny that there
would have beeh tho same equality, for the ob
vious reason that the southern division contains
but 38 counties, while the northern lias 52—
besides this proposition came too late, it was
made when the midland counties found that
the sc eptre was passing from tln-ir hands, it
was suspected to he made on the political
maxim, “divided and conquor” It was be
lieved to be made hereafter, to produce polit
ical effect, and to be use3 as ah argument a-
gainst the ratification cf the amendment, but
in addition it was made to men of principle,
and patriotism unaccustomed to violate their
must lament his present infatuation
stood side bv side, and shoulder to shoulder in
many a glorious as well as disastrous campaign;
and it is now no easy matter to turn the sharp,
black steel [we write with Kilmister’s patent,
a very affective article—our friend Norton, at
the Fancy, keeps them of the best] in editorial
and ink wasting combat.
From the Augusta. Chronicle.
The editor of the Republcan styles Mr.
Cra\viord,to his teeth, “a distinguished mem-
bet of tlib Union party !” Does he deserve the
appellation ? Did lie not some time ago, in a
Toast, propose a Southern Convention, or Con
vention of the States, as a proper course,
preparatory to a Southern Confederacy-—that
is a dissolution of the Union l Does this merit
the compliment of the “Republican” editor; a
professed. UtlioN an? or is it not another
evidence that he is willing to support the Troup,
party, so loug as it supports him, whatever may
he its priticipies—^Nullification or Consohda-
We have Congress has no authority to interfere in the e-
mancipation of slaves, or in the treatment o
them in an/of the States. This was so re
solved by the House of Representatives, win
Congress sat in this city in 1/‘J0, on the repo,
offa committee, consisting almost entirely <
Northern members; and I do riot know an i
stance of the expression of a different opinion
in neither House of Congress, siii’ce... I can
not say that particular individuals might m
possibly bp found who suppose that Congres
imiy possess some power over the subject, bu
I do not know any such persons, and it thet
be any,.I am sure they are few.—'ITc servi
tude of so great a portion of the population oi
the South is; undoubtedly; regarded at the North
as a great evil, moral and political; and th.
discussions upon it, which have recently taken
place, in the Legislatures of the several slave
holding States, have been read with very deep,
interest. Rut it is regarded nevertheless, a.,
an evil, the remedy for which lies with taos •
Legislatures themselves, to he provided and
What does it effect ?—Let us first sec
.vas wanted. ' '"''-I
The universal demand of the country™
lie decision ol Parliament had determin 1T
>tal abolition ol Slavery in the British & ■
ms. The mode of carrying into effect
ecision was the province of the E
xecuth.
union ?—determined,
“That whatsoever party rules,
He'll be the Vicar of Bray, Sir.”
Is it not perfectly in accordance with his anxi
ety to uphold the Troup party, right or wrong,
though he kno-.'s that a large portion of it is in
plighted thitii and that faith having for its fou’n- fa vpr of tho doctrines of Nullification, to which
dation the peace and harmony of the whole [ I 1 ® professes to be opposed ? But what matters
State, The great question n-Ust then (j 0 it to hint, \vljat ure_tlio doctrines, or liotv dis-
tion, Republican or Federalist} Union or Dis- applied according to their own sense oi policy
and duty. . The imputations which .you sav,
and sav truly; are constantly made against the
North, are iu n>y opinion entirely destitute oi
just foundation. I have endeavored to
cordant and inconsistent its materials, so long it
is his party, and extends to him its patronage.
It is “the Republican pahy,” and as the term
Republican now goes, id fitly named, for it suf-
auil win. ii
in die debut
.u p-,'<jii.ni events realized. Early
mi die first section of the report, 1
took occasion :<> avow ms predeliction for a Ter
ritorial basis i ;r the senate, and populatiou for
the House of Representatives: my plan Was to
to a meejiug held at Alilledgovilie about twelve
months ago, to the address and documents exhi
bited to the ptihlic by au honorable committee of
that body : to their proposed call of u Conven
tion in February last, to which each county was
divide the Sinte into two equal parts, and until j invited to scud delegates, ill proportion to their
that could bo geographically done, 1 assumed a i number iu the House of Representatives, evidcut-
line ruuning across the country from Richmond ly thereby securin
to .tiii-cogec county, including ill liie comities it
touched, m the S’aithi r n Division. 1 endeavbr-
ed io demonstrate that 'his territory, though less
populous than ihe northern division, had imtij
and important interests which required perma
nent protectirfri: Though'its population was on
ly about 14 ),UOU, it paid iuto tlie Estate Treasury
three-eighths of the revenue. That the agricul
tural exports of the State, only in the great sta
ples cotton end rice, amount to 87,7U0.U'd0, of
which, this section contributed more Ilian une moi
ety, all of that produced by the northern division,
though it comprised a representative population
of upwards of BUO/OO. That t'ie six sea board
counties alone furnished in -ea island cotton aud
to themselves by this very
rice $ 1,700,000 of the foreign exports, while uu- assembled, aud I feci too strong on tho ground I
si,.. ..... .. tL... I....I IO fltMil f / ill k fn nrlmit tlirat utirlv mol i v.'te i >> ll ^ , I
der the present constitution they only had Id
votes iii both branches. That ;he southern be
ing the weaker interest, yet contributing so much
iu sustaining the commercial character, aud fiscal
interests, of the c5t.ue required protection, and
only protection was demauded in forming the
fundamental law of- representation. I adverted
to our long ami irritating dispute with the Feder
al Government respecting the Tariff: showing
that t!ic s 7 - iU.beru Slates supplied upwards of
7-1 Utils ol in.tu.TipD for foreign export, notwith
standing wiiicltwe Were.co . :kd by a majority
in Congress, influenced !.y tiie manufacturing in
terest of the north, : •>' j of .ii expenses oi
the Government
discussion on ihe»<
provision, the coiitrd! in thatCoveutio<i,.if it had
assembled. This was a stroke of policy to per
petuate power, prostrate that of the South aud
bind the growing West wilh cords which even
their increasing population could not have sunder
ed, that this would have been theirpoliiy, is now
clearly demonstrated by the proposition hereto
fore mentioned, imlde in tho Convention by tho
honorable and talented delegate from Greene, as
well as many who voted on the same side. To
obviate this pernicious result, and that all parts
of the Estate might be represented in the forma
tion of this fundament d law, 1 used last session
in the tieuate, my humble exertions to get through
the law, under which 'he CcuvctiUon recently
brought home to the culm and unbiased jud
ment of every citizen—to such let me ask, dp
yon wish a reduction in the representation, if
you dyq vote to ratify .the proposed ..amend- _ _ . ...
raents. Is the southern division of the State . es C( > ver il H political creeds, opinions, oi
anxious to preserve their .right; - be protected, principles, however opposite, conflicting, and
and have a respectable voice in the Legislature, | h etc;rco gt-'ncous they may be.
then unanimously ratify the amendments, for
Government'. What was wanted, tho,,
.tai the plan o* emancipation should p r o ^
he welfare-ef the Negroes,—do justice
.Vest India Proprietors;—n d secure the .
tonal revenues. Does the plan proposed't!
.Ministers effect any one of these obj. C t s r
'upposing that this wild measure Were act '’'
v attempted to be put into execution, th® v i
arc of tlie-ileuro instead of bein<r m i
, , , • - •. . ° . “ uettt-r
would be positively in a worse position d
present the subsistence ol" the negr-o fro . •
aiicv to old age is secured to him by l w . >■'
naster is bound at all times and nailer al|V
-ujustatices, to give him food] thoush _l, e
not he able to give him employment, fi
present plan, so fur as we can collect its i>-
tng abolishes this certainty of provision,
leaves it to the local Legislatures to enact •
graiit laws, to whose operations t!.- nenrok"
any
be subjected. Wo shall not pursue this p^.
furtiici' tit present, than to ask, what is toi'
be assured von will never again have a like *1™ Dr. Ramsay's Chronological TMe.
= “Anno 1/3/,. CouveuUou meets in rh ladel-
ir vital tnteres:.-.—^ .. . - .. ... .•
opportunity-of securing your vital interests.-JT 1|ia atul os lhc article8 ofa Dew Con
Listen not Citizens ol Georgia to those woo stitution, to be recommended to the different States
as a party, or from sectional interests, have for their adoption.
nut obtaiued all they sought—they may pre
sent your calculations, and offer you plausible Hamilton, James Madison
arguments to disttadc yon from Sanctioning
the proceedings of the kite Convention—but
let me teli yen the final result, if the proposed
amendments are not ratified, we shall be
thrown back on the representation as noty or
ganized in the present constitution^ for believe
me, there will he no future convention called;
those who have hitherto been such strenuous
advocates will hereafter opposed such a meas
ure, because their situation will every day be
getting worse. A white r presentative popn-
A series of Essays, the work of Alexander
Jolifi Jay, ivitli the
title of Publius or the Federalsit, published sojii
after the promulgation of this Constitution, had a
decided influence in procuring its acceptance, by
enlightening the public mind iu the true princi
ples of Government, aud removing prejudices in
favor of a high toned Stale sovereignty im ompati-
ble tcith the general good.”
The above extract from the distinguished His
torian oftfie V.mted States, who we are inuier
the impression <wJts in the Convention of ihe
State which adopted^tbe Constitution of the U-
niteil States, arid who Jnok ati important part
| iu the legislation of the State after its adoption, is
ration is a powerful principle, wince the Ion- l-very uufurtuunte .for the net/ theory of State
gcr it is agitated, the strong hold it will take I sovereignty which has now become the fashioha-
theii took, to admit that party motives itiilueuccd
cither tho conduct t.l myself and friends, ll was
certainly evident that there was a particular in
terest in tiie late Coventiou, which expressed ex
treme solicitude to get the federal basis establish
ed for the Senate, and three arguments were ur
ged to sustain it. The fiist was, that l»v incorpo
rating it iu our fundamental law. it would on the
floor of Congress, strengthen our right, to that
proportion of our representation, which was foun
ded on our black population. To this it was re
plied, that this right was protected by the Feder
al Constitution, aud was life result of conopro
misc. and now well miners-cod by all parties, if
lin'd aril! Elaborate j touched; would produce a severance of the Uuiou,
ban drawn forth at last, but that Alabama aud other States, had actually
on the minds of tho pcopln and sooner or later,
must prevail—the alternative then, is either
accept the proposed amendments, continue
your existing representation. Fellow Citizens,
reilect well on these considerations, and 1
cannot hut hope, that Provitfence in this, as
on very ma ny other occasion will guide you
to a correct result. JACOB WOOD,
Delegate from JflcIntosJi.
Potosi, May 27th, 1833.
hut oue Ojnuion, throughout the United States of I incorporated tlie .virile basis in their fundamental
the injustice of onr being thus oppressed, merely 1 law, without auy of the dangerous consequences
because tv; were in the minority: sustained as 11 hero anticipated arising therefrom. The second
conceived 1 was by tho strong analogy between ; argument was, that if wo did not incorporate it
the two cases, I felt a confident hope that out pre- j into our State Constitution, ’.ve should loose n sn-
lentinus would receive me support ofalLtheeu- 1 periority in the Legislature, which would always
1- . t • I •- I . • l. A „ fn rl.L : .....
lightened statesmen in the Convention, but iu
this expectation I must confess I was most egro-
giously disappointed. As the business of tile
lie a protection to this particular species of pro
perty from excessive taxation.. To this it was
answered, that this species of property was now
Convention progressed, the views of different in- j s0 generally spread over the St ate, that a cum-
terests gradually developed themselves. First, a j inon interest secured its protection, as another
delegate from Greene proposed as an amend- j honorable Delegate from Oglethorpe had slated
meat to the report “that the State should be laid on the floor of toe Convention, that the middle
ell’ into senatorial districts according to Federal' counties possessed upwards of /D.0LKJ slaves, so
liiiriilTars.” To this particular amendment aud l that that district of country, connected with ihe
its o'petylion, fellow-citizens, I solicit your undi- j east would always secure the owner from any
vi.-led a;:<.:iIli-'cntisi* of it, op|nv>sive iiiilu- ori.'iuii, iit:illi<'ii tii-it iiiijtlK lien tier be attempt-
ciu-e on :! i n <-..,!< ru |. of me *'<! !<> be i.iid on it ; ‘hmU-js. tn<- mim-nil re gion of
Stale, aud l'!.e fo'■ owing short calculation, clear- the" ; State would draw largo numbers there, as
ly |>rovcs it so. i'no tv lioi: representative popu- j buck labor was cheaper than white. The third
fniuii of the State is about 444,OW/, i:<*w divide argument was intended to operate more oil oiir
tlii muolier by oti, the proposed sen a fori af dis- fears than on our reason, it was, that striking out
tricts, and you wilj find that each district must ] federal numbers from our organic law, would en-
compriso a representative population of between ; courage visionary plrilantbropists, as well as sec-
lff mid J.'l.tiUO, so that 38 counties, which the tioual demagogues, to push the principle of uni-
southern division of the state embraces', would versal emancipation. 'I o this it was rejoined,
have had a fraction over eleveu senatoriaf dis- i that the:interest in this property was so general
trie:-. .!h- remaining--") won! ! have been in the in 'I" - >ou!liern Stat-that no tears ought to be
liorthejn division. When by the preseut amend- j cafeftatned oil th’o iobject. That the reduction
in outs the same 'errim: is’.secured 19 .senators, i;l tinr n-pr. si-ntation. may net have I cen carried
in,tern) of 11. In forming these districts on the ! 30 farassomo may have anticipated, is admitted,
fed -r.il basis, in many parts of the southern divis- ; but stiff it bas4een consideral.-lc. The Senate,
ion. it would havetakon from seven to fourcouu- heretofore composed of niucty, is now reduced
ties: for instance, Camden, Glynn, Wayne, Ap- . olle half, aud the. other lions*, has lost near oac-
jiling. Ware, Telf<iir, and Irwin, 7 to have one sevjjoth of its members, Terhaps it is more con-
hcn itor. Thomas, Deiatur. Baker, I.owndes,! gonial t° the spirit of ihe people, that neither
Early, Randolph, 6-one seuator. Liberty, Tat- brauch should be reduced too low, as it would
nail, Bryau and McIntosh, one senator, thoegh have a tcqdeucy to throw the eontrqlof legislation
McIntosh is the 12tbCounty, in paying the high- ! into the hands of the wealth cl the country, nor
cst tax to the State. From this brief summary, ; CiU1 llli y unjust complaint i>e ri'ovr maile, .ag-iiust
fellow-ciuzcus, were you prepared to make this ff ,( ' uitmber in either hranclt. especially tvftea we
intolerable sacrifice, was the demon acy of tho compare them with our sislor Slate. South' Cari
rouaty to lie hound hand and foot, and delivered oiiitn, whoso .»< uti e ctnisi# cf fitt} £w..
over to the Aristocracy, were you <!i-p » <1 to be <*tul House of Representatives one .hundred
thrown into sm-ii a minority and placed at the and twenty five. She is an old state far I“ss
mercy of a m liority, with whom, in a great mu- than oiir own, while we have an extensive and
ny instances, you Inve no common interest, eith- f er t:l • region yet to fiU out and outdit to be rep-
cr agricultural or commercial, am to make this „ ir ^ r *,
sacrifice Uly to sustain the federal basis: -,!i the ""i t ‘ If ^ expense, as heretofore al-
subsequent inantEUvering in the Goo\ atiou, as one of the principal causes of corn-
rented mainly on this point, . <1 more or less af- P* a,m b ' - t0 ° ? rc at, let the people instruct their
fected the politic a 1 md interests iu tho 6- members to reduce tim pay in proportion to
nal adjustment of the important question which tho length of the session ; for tho first twenty
wo had to d<- i A ware of the delicacy, as days so much per diem, half that sum for the
w< I! s d n: our situation, 1 Iransly toilless,. next ten days and one fourth for the remainder
1 th t imsiuto to advise 'i.ui pursue the course of the time—such a provision would be an ef-
wh.cl, h-.<l so fortunately brought u, through.- f L . ctlla l rcmcdv alld ii !llwavs iu tnQ hands of
i had Ion’ anticipated the quarter fro in whence, , , J
idiSg nnnual interests, founded on princi- I the P c0 P ,e - Havm
From the Columbus Democrat.
The Augusta Chronicle takes exceptions at a
query we put forth some weeks since, in regard
to Mr. Harford who was lately scut to the l’eni-
tentia-y for robbing the .Macon Bank. “He,
(says the Chronicle, speaking of the Democrat)—
cannot, we know he enutiot, believe that the fact
of Mr. Harford’s embezzling tin; funds of the Da
rien Bank, is to he received as an argument n-
gainst Nullification.” The Chronicle is right
\Ve uo not pretend tn call this fuel au argument
against nullification; but it is most certainly a cir
cumstance milking ngaiust it. Because ilio aggre ?
gate character of a party is shaded or illustrated
by the individual character of the units which
compose it. And a man who is a sc. “.ulrcl iu
private life, is very .apt to he dishonest in politics.
Aud he who is proved to be a knave on occasion,
is liable to suspicion on all. Besides, a party, is
to a considerable extent, responsible for the hones
ty of its trusted agents. Now. therefore, when
ble doctrine of the day in .South C.nroUua. It
very apparent from this extra ft, that Doctoi Ram
say understood the adoption cf tho Constitution as
impairing the sovereignty of the Slates; and I* is
apparent that lie regarded r high toned State
sovereignty incompatible with the general good,
and that the people were ccuviuccd of* this by
tiie'arguments of the Federalist, aud induced to
accept of tho Constitution m that ground. If
then Dr. Kainiay may be taken as authority for
the events of that day and the views of the peo
ple ; the people of Sou h Carolina iu the adop
tion of the Constitution, did understand that they
were yielding and did intend o yield the claim to
absolute,.oc as the hisioriau expresses it, high toned
State sovereignty, atul to transfer at least a por
tion of sovereignty to the United States. If so,
the claim for. any sovereignty remaining iu the
Siate ; is au embarrassing ape, to those who take
the ground that sovereignty.js indivisible, but not
to u. who look upon it as tho.same thing as po
litical power which there i^ no controversy may
bo divided. This il ought.to bp Rioted, may be
copsid/red cotemporancous exposition.—Suuth-
■ erf. IVliigt „
From the Georgian.
MR. BOLTON i’O THE HONORABLE
DANIEL WEBSTER.
New York, May 16, 1833.
Hon. Daniel Webster,
Dear Sir:—It.cannot have escaped your.
we have shown that the doctrine of nullification j observation, that warm discussions are nowgo-
is unsound in principle, dangerous iu its couse- in S on 5,1 many of tho southern papers, and
quenecs, we ask of the acknowledged candour,' much agitation is felt or foreigned in a portion
by bk -ding mutual interests founded on princi- j I,,e P co P ,B - “ avin S "°' v follow citizens with
jjl•*, justico nod the good of the whole State, we J much brevity, as tin si.tj< ct would |<tn;it
might sustain oui'm.-Ivvs. Tho appeal was made performed the duty, which a sincere regard for
to the high minded arid patriotic vVi-st, ti ho bail i tho peace and happiness of the whole state,-
with us, shoulder to -inmlder, sustained the great has imposed on me, I have but little to add
in Ms
The !
the
canto of Union in tiie 8taie, against the a
of smae vicious and many dclli kii . iti/. ns.
western people h id long <-h<Tish<*d '• •
have white population tn ide the l> <s:s ;
llnii-L of Represent itivcs, and to obtain/ tins great
ofijs-.-t, they a.'quiese <i iu a territorial ii i-is lor
the Senate, aud on this reciprocity of interest a
compromise was effected which secures to every
part sif the country a fur aud equal representa
tion iu both braa>-hes of the Legislature. The
late Convention, by having made white popula
tion the basis of representation is not the first ia
Getting the example. It has been incorporated
into'mbst of the constitutions which have beeu
recently formed iu the S
houo
VSiu
hut that is of iiiyii import to yourselves.—
There can be no doubt, but that a great sirug-
L'h- and powerful opposition will bo made to
prevent the ratification of the proposed amend
ment; a strong appeal will be addressed to
tho northern and middle region of tho state
hacked by all tire demonstration which arith
metical calculation can array and enforce, and
cverv argument will bo used to show that
their interest has been sacrificed. Still I have
no fears hut that the patriotic citizens of the
West will soon discover that they have gained
good sense and fairness of the intelligent editor of
the Cbronicle, if we may not adduce as addition
al evidence against it, the fact of its beiug support
ed by felony in private life, aud knavery in pub
lic ! Not of itself, as a cooclasive argument, but |
as one link iu a chain of circumstantial testimony,
the whole of which taken together, should pro-
j duce irresistible conviction in the minds of this
vast jury the public, that Nullification is Guilty,
| guilty, guilty, and richly deserving of the doom
j which has been pronounced against it.
j Again, the fact of Mr. Forsyth’s having been
j burned in effigy, has been published and repub
lished, for the purposo. of affecting his stand .ug
abroad. It has been referred to a9 au evidence
I of public feeling id Georgia, as an eviUcuce that
1 Mr. Forsyth’s course in Congress has been clis:ij>-
j proved by hisown constituents. Now ifitshoul-.
! appear that tumultuous proceedings were in-
I stigated and headed by swindlers and felons,
| and that the Banks were robbed to pay the ex
penses; that these riots were not the outbreak-
ings ol popular feeling among the honest ami
respectable classes of tin* community, but the
vilest doings of tho. basest hirelings and tools o ;
a party, urged on by knaves and demagogues—
I if all tnis should appear—we ask, if it would
I not be—not an argument against the abstrac
doctrine of nullification—tud admissible evi-
I derfee where'tho standing and popularity oi
Mr. Forsyth is called in question.
Far be it from us to impute dishonesty to ev
ery one who believes in'Nullification, because
a miUifter has been convicted of robbing ;i
bank: We know many in whose integrity, hon
esty, and uprightness of intention, we have the
most unyielding confide ce, who have been
led away by this fallacy; many we know, have
stepped forth in its defence, with a clearness of
intellect, force and power of reasoning facili
ties, which have commanded our fullest adaii-
J ration, and with an utter dcvotii n to principle,
i a lofty disregard to all personal interests anti
|cons *quences, which in spite of ourselves, fasr
ti-iied our respect and commisscratiori. And
j while we behel I them halt ing manfully for
th *ir principles and their rights, with an ardor
j which rose as tju: ranks of their opponents in-
j creased, and with a courage which swelled to
j enthusiasm as darkness ami danger gathered a-
round them, we regretted, deeply regretted
of the South, on the subject of slavery, and of
imputed designs at the North against the secu
rity and value of that species oi property.
I have been so long and closely connected
I with Georgia, that I am perhaps more watch
ful titan most others in this quarter of such dis
cussions' as these, and haying reason moreover
to apprehend that, at this particular juncture,
the tendency, if not the deliberate aim and
purpose is to expito universal uneasiness and
distrust in the slave holding States aud by con
sequence to foment jealousies and heart burn
ings against the non slave holding States, which
designing politicians may turn to mischievous,
account; I have felt desirous since our. con
versation this marnirig of obtaining an expres
sion in writing of your views, as to the power
>f Congress on tho subject of the slaves aud sla
very ; and also as to the existence of an}- wish
ir design on the part of Northern men,' to in-
terfere in any way with the security or regu-
ation of that species of property.
.■Southern Steles. An a Treat and important point, by elevating their
honorable delegate from Oglethorpe, of high ' character as free men, and raising it abo-'e the
ymdiijv admitted “that it was tho true basis, but j servile .grade—that having now established
repel them, so far as have been in thy power,
on all proper occasions ; and for a luller ex
pression of my opinions both on the power of
Congre.s, and on tiio groundless charge's a-
gainst Northern men, I beg leave to refer you
to my remarks iu the debate on Mr. I oat’s
resolutions in 1830.
1 am, my dear,sir,
With lunch true regard,
Your ob’dt, surv’t.
DAN’L. WEBSTER.
To John Bolton Esq.
come of the negro when lie Cannot "et
I a.,d Where there are uo poor laws?
'vert,
..... .- , What is
to become ol liunm sickness, wln-n he cat',--
work, and in old age, when lie is past workk.
My immediate object in thus seeking to ob- j of the number of si
From the London Courier May 11 th.
NEGRO EMANCIPATION.
The following appeared in a Second Edition
of the Courier of yesterday:—
We have received the following authenticate-
ed account of.the Ministerial plan for the E-
mancipation of the Ncgroirs in the West In
dies, which we hasten to lay before our read
ers 1 ?
I. That every slave, upon the passing of this
act, should be at liberty to claim, before the
protector of slaves,custos of the parish, or such
other officer as shall be named by his majesty
for iliat purpose, to be registered as an appren
ticed labourer. ;
II. That the terms of such apprenticeship!
should be——
1st. That tbs power of corporal punishment
should be altogether taken from the master,
aud transferred to the magistrate.
, 2d. That iu consideration of food and cloth-
in<r, and such allowances as are now made by
law to the slave, the labourer should work for
his master three fourths of bis time, leaving it
to be settled by contract whether for three
fourths' of the week or of each day.
3J. That the labourer should.have a right
to claim employment of his master for.the re
maining one fourth of his time, according to
a fixed scale of wages.
4th. That during such ono fourth of his
time, the labourer should be at liberty to ent-
plo}' himself elsewhere.
5ih. That the master should fix a price up
on the labourer at the time of his apprentice
ship.
6th. That the wages to be paid by the mas
ter should bear such a proportion to the price
fixed by hint, that for the whole of his spare
time, if g?ven ao the master, the negro should
receive j,-12tii of his price annually ; and .in
proportion, for each lesser term.
7th. That every negro, on becoming an ap
prentice, shall be entitled to a money-payment
weekly, in lieu of food and clothing, should ~ ’
prefer it, the amount to be fixed by a magis
trate with reference to the actual cost of the
legal provision. *
8th. That every apprenticed labourer be
bound to pay a portion, to be fixed, of his wa
ges, half yearly, to an officer to be appointed
by his Majesty.
9th. That in default,of such-payment the
master he liable, and, in" return, may exact an
equivalent amount of labour without payment
in the succeeding half year.
10th. That every apprenticed negro, on
payment of the price fixed by his master, or
such portion of it as may from time to time re
main due, be absolutely free.
11th. That every such apprentice may bor
row the sum so required, and bind Himself, by
contract before a magistrate, for a limited pe
riod, as an a prentice labourer to the lender.
III. That a loan to the amount of 15,000,000/ j
sterling be granted to the proprietors of West
Iniliatf estates an'i slaves, on such security as
may be approved by commissioners appointed
by the Lords of Commissioners ot* his Majes
ty’s Treasury.
IV. That such loan be distributed among
the different colonies, in a ratio compounded
aves, and the amount of
in a written'expression ot your opinion on
■hose subjects is, that I may Communicate it to
i distinguished friend of mine in Georgia, who
•Hares' ih mv solicitude in relation thereto, and
through hint to the public at large.
I am, deaf sir., with great respect,
And esteem,, ,
Your obedient servant.
(Signed) JOHN BOLTON.
MR. WEBSTER’S ANSWER TO MR.
BOLTON.
New York, May 17ih, 183-3.
My Dear Sir—I have received your letter
of last evening, requesting me to state my o-
pinionofthe powers of the Congress ou the
subject of slaves aud slavery; and of the exis
tence ot any wish or design, on tho part of
Northern men to interfere with the security or
regulation of that species of propertv.
My sentiments on this subject, my dear sir,
have been often publicly expressed ; but I can
have no objection to repeat thy declaration of
them, if it be thought by you limt such decla
ration inhlit, in the smallest degree, aid the
friends ol Union and the constitution in the
| South, in dispelling prejudices which are so in-
ajritations
lli.it we could riot recognise them a* <,nr own
allies, arrayed under the same glorious flag, in I dustriouslv fostored, and in qm -tin
whose <1 fence we have been contending. The i so unnecessarily kept alive,
able editor of the Chronicle will puxlon us if
we still consider him as one of these. For
however much we may respect Iris talents, th
honesty and independence of his course, tv-j,
Io my opinion the domestic slave ry of tin
Southern Elates is n subject within the exrlu-
t ive eoiitroi ol the States themselves; aud this,
I tun sure, is the opinion of the whole North.
exports
V. That (lit? luilf yearly payments herein
before authorised to be made by the appr. mi-
ced negroes be taken in liquidatio.n o! so much
of the debt contracted by the planter to the
public.
VI. That all children who at the time of the
passing of this act shall be under tho age of six
years be free, and be maintained by their re
spective parents.
VII. T hat in failure of s*ich maintenance,
they be deemed apprentices to tho master of
the. parents (without receiving wages.) th-
males' till the age of 24, the females to the ago
of 2Q{ at which periods respectively they and
their children, if any, shall be absolutely free.
N III. That this act shall not provedt bis ma
jesty fr-nn assenting to such acts as may be
passed by the Colonial Legislatures for the
nromotion of industry or the prevention of va
grancy, applicable to all classes of the commu
nity.
IX. That upon.the recommendation of tin
local Legislatures, his Majesty will be prepar
ed to recommend to Parliament, out of th.
revenues ol this country, to grant such aid
may be deemed necessary for the due supp -r
of the administration of justice, of an ofticie;
police establishment, and ot a genera] syst,
of religious and moral education.
London, Saturday Mav 11th.—The Minis-
lonal plan for the emancipation of the Negr-x .
is now tie loro the public, and what is it;—
MOUNT AUBURN.
Tho Bostonians are getting up so beatnik!
graveyard, that there is some <1 auger the livin-- ;
seek a premature residence within its borders! ],
is,situated several mile-out of the city, webtf-"
ill Woburn. Thu name of Mount Auburnh*
been given it. A few days since die Editor
the Salem Register paid it a li.-it. aud has fov.
ed us with the discriptiou annexed:
There is nothing like the place any where. Iff
indescribable. The gate way, or entiaurr is:
beautiful specimen of architecture. There is. k
the centre, a high arch way, on either side of »Lic!i
there are gates of entrance lor fouc passrti'cn
and, on tho sides of these, ledges or rooms tun-
neeted with the whole architectural dtsign. j.
is of wood painted to resemble granite. Oink
entablature of the arch, is .t device, which v
could not distinctly explain, under which is iti,
sentence.
''■Then shall the dust return to the earth cs it
ions, and the spirit to God who gar: it.”
Upon entering the ground we eanic in
of the-neat cottage of the gardener, slami.ng a
a hpautiful eminence, and the ornamented <*rcuini
.-loping away iu front until they meet the plaia
at your feet—aud behind the house, the sweiiia;
ciniueuce rises till it reaches the wild and t;:ap!J
forest spread over all the enclosed grounds wliiti
constitute Mount Auburn. It is a place ofhij.L
and abrupt It.11s, deep vales, ridges, and ravin;.,
ponds, ami rocky precipices aud gentle slopes.ail
covered w ilh a dense forest of w alnut, oak, pints,
cedars," hi reft, buttonwood, &c. in distinct ri
ses or wildly intermingled—every variety of v.i;
flowers, from those w Iiicb grow in ponds aid
quagmires, to those which start out and l.ioumia
crevices of rocks, or flourish on the top of bleak
ami gravelly knoll-:.
This wild and extensive tract has been tain
in hand by gentlemen of classic taste, aud fct
their direction and the skill iu picturesque andc-
uameutr.l gardening of Mr. IJnggerston, the wl
has I.ecu,converted into one great garf3cn. Sir-
peutiue paths, bordered with shrubbery, wiad t-
round the skirts of the hills, broad avenues opa
before us, ascending or descending, and wIndia;
tn the light or left, dividing and branching off:::
diverging iuto other avenues, sometimes terai-
natiug iii ;t secluded dell, sometimes open:::
upon a marble obelisk of rare beauty, or a gra-
ite monument, or au enclosure ornamented nil
shrubbery and flowers. The . pond holes
cleared out, and embanked with turf; gr iv;l;d
walks wind round them, ornamented with Bow
ers ; here we see a tomb in the side of some bw-
brow ed rock, opening upon us its classic front ci
h-3w'u granite, overhung wilh the wild woodi l
b»ve which threw out tlmir old fantastic rootsr-
ver the tomb ; then we came to a sweet spot <r-
•lamented with flowers; then to squires enci..-
by corner columns, connected by festoons of
chains, with a towering obelisk in the centre, and
the wall fringed with rose bushes. Others iw
bordered with acacia, some with tulips, and ether
bulbous plants. One tomb iu the ceutre ofi
highly ornamented square, was covered «i l h
rough stones, theinstei siices Clledfwith earth, ud
the elongated tnouuu set over wilh a perfusitni*
perennial plants. Ou one square was a tom’ 1
sunk bcueath the ground, the sufface of v.kidi
\va*. a beautiful parterre. The gardener was the*
planting ornamental shrubbery, aud a liydranjh
and monthly rose bushes, whith seems to lt* n
beeu sent there from.some parlor, no louger n
bloomtiu the presence of beauty, but to cover ihs
spot where beauty was to tningle.with the dust.
Mount Auburn is a place of fasticliable rest:-
We found many carriages at.die gate, andontf
persona eqtcrcd the gate with us: but as "e p'
ceeded onward up tho winding avenues, otkery''
eiiues brant lied off, sopxe up io the woody
others down thesik-ut vales, then a uarro.v 1 :J
led oil'into the dense forest, then a sheet of
would invite our steps,- aud so the company p-''
ed, some one way and some • another, till"*
found ourselves doomed to set I: out our own
through the tangled forest. The f... titer wc v*-
lot ward tiie more 1V< queutlv he p ll;- brum-
off, aud the more wild and picturesque the ;tl '
ry became. At the entrance of every aveui-' •
path here was a guide hoard having the i: :
the avenue or path printed on it. Oue wt-jf*
e<l “Laurel Avenue,” another “R«s 1 ' ■
nother “Indian RiJge.Avenue,” another "■ '
eration Dell,” &tc in end! ss variety. ' 1C '
no two places aiike in this epitome of New L -
laud, nor did we meet in the whole course ol 1
rambles any of the numerous visitors who o
ed with ourselves. Ou the top of the highest
we saw tiie dome and steeples of the cuj h .
From this jilaec wo defended, aud vronna
way down to the plain, and canto outol t- JU e
we entered. —
Montgomery. June-*'
TIIE BOARD OF HEALTH. , .
Report ti*at there, has no new cases t- Cl y
era occurred since last r. port. Ihe j" .
appears to have entirely subsided, and y
i,i hopes that we will not again be visited U”
L’iie citizens however should not relax
the observance of those rules, which ha\( L -
f-iund tobe tiie best means ol preveutr
disease. The number of .casus whic<
occurred since the disease made its api> 1 '
h»v*
in
(ilad
'ii t.'iis community on tiie 4;!t inst., j 1 ' 1
' em 31—of this mmib r 7 \v< re \\ ititvs
>vi icn died. Tii- o h r 24 cases wert
—of which 10 died—making in all 1-
.ml 10 recoveries. ,
i’iie Board would remark that wit-i 1,1
■ p ion of cliolera an I scariet fever,
- : • vaileu to some extent, our town cjl
•ouiitrv around lias been blessed with as
ealth, as usual at tins season o< the
whi ‘
and
H. \V. HENRY, l’ rcsr
Saai’l D» Holt, ISec’ty.