Newspaper Page Text
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UKARSTS SUNDAY A.MI-'RICAN. ATLANTA. (!A.. SI'N'DAV. MAY 4. l!*in
RETAIL BUSINESS
SHOWING GAINS
OVER EAST YEAR
Big Stores Increase Sales Each
Month, but Buy Less, Thus
Decreasing Stocks.
FEEL ’ NO PINCH AS YET
Surprised When They Talk to
Bankers—Spot Cotton Dull.
Crop Prospects Good.
SUDAN PRODUING
GREATER AMOUNTS
OF COTTON YEARLY
and Commerce Cattle Tick Incuous Is No
Obstacle to New Stockman
By M. A. ROSE.
"Small retailers come in here for
conferences, and are amazed when we
tell them times are not of the best
and that money is scarce," said a
down town hanker.
This means, of course, that retail
trade, strangely enough, is above that
of last year at this time, with every
indication of its staying at present
levels.
Rig and little retailers tdll the same
story, except, of epurse. that the big
fellows study general conditions more
closely.
With all the talk of caution, of re-
trenchnlent. and of decreased buying
power, the retailers, who get quick
est intelligence of changed condition .
declare business exceeds expectation*.
Whitehall Street stores say their
balance sheets show increases ovr
last year* that March was one of the
best months they ever had and that
April will exceed March.
Gains Every Month.
"Every month this year has shown
a gain over the same months of t<he
preceding yAar.” said the head of ono
of the largest department stores, "and
I believe this is the case all along the
street in the retail district. Increases
are not phenomenal, but healthy.
‘We know, of course, that money
will be more or less scarce until af
ter the new crop comes in. We are
buying cautiously from Jobbers My
purchases In April were nearly $10.-
000 under my purchases for April last
year. At the same time, sales fur
April show a gain over the same
month of 1912. That means, of cour*e t
that 1 am eating into my stock. This
Is what T want. 1 want stock down
10 the lowest it has ever heached.
Then 1 shall buy to supply actual
needs, in small quantities and often,
purchases of woolens. We do not
purcahses of woolens. We do not
want to be caught with a big stock
of them when free wool goes into ef
fect.
Order Novelties Freely.
"The only lines we are ordering
with any freedom are novelties. This
is necessary. Manufacturers have
ceased building up stocks in sum
lines. They produce only what is or
dered in advance of production.
"With our stocks down, and our
finances in healthy shape, we will ha
ready to jump in and buy to the lim't
of our ability if the crop outlook in
the fall warrants expectations of a
highly prosperous season."
Jn general, the week has been un
eventful. Clearings are not so large,
but deposits hold their own.
* Demand for money continue* lively,
tint bankers have not changed their
policy of conservatism, and loans are
•xiitde to cover only pressing needs.
Yw enterprises or extensions are
fcwned upon.
Farmers Not Hampered.
Harm work progressed well for the
/eek, with fair weather. It was too
cold, however, for the cotton plant
In many parts of the belt, Including
Uie Atlantic States, and seed Is not
germinating In general, however,
the ground is in excellent shape. Au
thoritative reports show the cotton
and grain prospects to be excel'ent.
Spot cotton seems to be in little or
no demand. The tone in the Atlanta
market is merely nominal, with prices
shaded somewhat from recent levels.
Holders do not want to sell: spinne* ?
do not want to buy. In this deadlock,
there is no profit for the dealers.
What few sales there are for the most
part supply foreign needs. Domestic
spinners consistently refuse to show’
any interest. Warehouse stocks re
main about the same.
The week has seen queer doings
in the New York futures market.
Tuesday, in particular, was an inev
plicable mean, closing with April
down ten points, May up twelve
pointa, and t it* rest of the positions
from one to a dozen i>oints off from
the close of the day before.
New York Futures.
Everything, it is said, has been dis
counted save the weather. Futures
are selling at a big discount under
the actual cotton. Liverpool is sa’ 1
to intend taking up big batches of
New York cotton on May contrac
New York is not anxious to have this
happen, as a depleted stock would
leave July shorts in a precarious con
dition. So the war goes merrily on
with the Southern farmer holding Un
balance of power, and refusing stead
ily to unload.
Interest in fall lines of dry goods
is beginning- Some of the more im
portant hous*es opened their fall lin-s
May 1. A few buyers are in town,
but not many. Country retail stocks
are not moving so rapidly. Warn
w eather will improve'trade.
Wholesale grocers have little to
aay of the week's business. They are
satisfied, but claim they bar*- not
cast up the figures for April as ye
even roughly, though they think the
totals will be satisfactory.
The culture of cotton !n the Anglo-
Egyptian Sudan is making rapid
strides under the direction and assist
ance of the British Government, ac
cording to Arno Schmidt, of Man
chester. England. Mr. Schmidt, at the
meeting of the National Association
of Cotton Manufacturers in Boston,
gave an Interesting and detailed ac
count of th«* methods used to increa^
the production of the white staple in
the Sudan.
As a result of the extension of the
railway system, large areas of great
fertility’ have been tapped, and Mr.
Schmidt says an enormous quantity
of cotton could be produced, but the
drawback is that the native* must be
educated in order to get the best value
from the land.
The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, he said,
extend.« from 22 degrees to 5 degrees
northern latitude. The area of the
Anglo-Egyptian Sudan is about 1.-
000,000 square miles. North Sudan has
very little rainfa 11 Indeed, tfie - li/nate
there being almost identical with that
of the south of Egypt. Farther south
the rainfall increases.
Wise Law in Force.
Great praise is due to the depart
ment agriculture and to the va- j t H j n course
rlous governors of the respective cot- f u l. Thor
silt deposit on the lower points of
the delta, around Tokar, is in places
40 feet deep. These lioods carry the
crop to the rainy seasons, whl h
mn,r begin towards the end of (>•-
tober. The only additional moisture
which the plants receive is from the
heavy’ dews, which set in about the
middle of September. The air gen
erally is humid. Throughout the
winter months there are many clou ly
days. The Kohr Baraka has a habit
of flowing into diffejjent districts from
year to year, and this alteration of
its course is an enormous drawback,
as the cultivators, not knowing
whether the flood will come on their
land seldom prepare it in advance for
cultivation. As the farmers are nev
er suiv whether the flood will react!
certain lands, they are careless and
refrain from preparing for the flood,
and do not weed nor hoe the ground.
Hoeing Pays Well,
it has been proved by the Inspector
of agriculture on the Government
farm at Tokar that hoeing prior .o
the flood, gives increased yields. The
uncertainty of the river reaching I In
land makes the cultivation an ele
ment of chance. Attempts in a stunII
way at directing the flood into ccr-
have been fairly success-
lias been elaborated
ton grow ing provinces who have elab- Hood ( ontroling scheme, whereby an
orated the Sudan Cotton Ordinance of , area of at least 70.000 or even 80,000
1012. This ordinance regulate" the feddans will be flooded sufficiently
importation of cotton seed; the supp’v | every year.
of cotton seed by the director of agri- The land in the Tokar district is
culture; provides for special licenses j owned by the Government, when
for ginning factories, and^enahleg the hires it out on a y early tenancy, the
government inspectors to visit the native paying land taxes in lieu of
ginning factories: it insists upon the rent.
clean picking of cotton, the separation j The average yield of cotton per
of cotton seed of different qualities, fed-dan Is very small, viz., about 400
and gives special powers to the gov- ! pounds seed-cotton giving about 31.5
ernors of the provinces to establish j per cent of lint. The quality and
such regulations as may be requisite the color of the cotton are saiisfae-
aceording to special local conditions tory. Owing to the unsatisfactory
If similar acts were in existence In method of cultivation, the yield is
Egypt, India and some of the African I small and the staple is somewhat ir-
colonies less deterioration of quality ' regular. That the yield can be in
and the other evils resulting from th* 1 creased has been proved by a Gre?k
mixing of seed in the ginneries would i farmer, who had last year an av< r-
follow. | age crop of 700 pounds of seed-cot-
Moisture Supply. ton per. feddan. This was entirely
The cotton-grow ing districts of th*-I flue to slightly better cultivation than
Anglo-Egyptian Sudan are best dealt ' the natives adopted; even on this
with in the following divisions. plantation no ploughing or preparing
l Flood Irrigation -Tokar. with a of the land prior to the flood was un
cultivated area of 50,000 feddnns. wa- dertaken.
tcre.l hv the Mood of the Khor Bnrakfl. Buyers Upset Plans.
4^0 o o *i > ri d -1'? i^'w^iiAmn iMh { { 1 rea l According to the new cotton ordl-
' ° d ° f of the different
o p, irril Y,.u r ... grades Is allowed, the intention be-
folim iirIni i"' K ,! a Y' i,,K ,(> establish a reputation for To-
7b iJrm ' .?** "?, h - ■: nd - ; *»'• cotton. A*, however, several
an! . V r i i 'f, ^ pr N' I rovlnre, Alexandria, firms buv the cotton on
?,nrh ,hp , nP l? h - the spot and have It sinm-d. partly in
dm .,7 ^ Khartoum, vlz., Ka- Kgypt and partly in Huakln. it is
Vti /’i . • . n-u ri , * evident that the good intentions of
,-v’Yrv* '»! / ‘ l a * , , ' ^ylba Test Sudan Government are frustrated
A.', 1 OSf ‘ nt irrigated bv pumps by their action. The owner of the
i j , M " ,,m ‘ provides perennial ginnerv at Suakin told me repeatedly
canals ' mean ® of a barra » e «nd that the Alexandria houses insist up
a ' _ on mixing the grades. The cotton
r* ..,‘ l Sl*'! ou J3 ( V 1 0,1 ^ ou,b of the ordinance will have, however, that
' ‘ ^ f ‘ n '• Mellut and Ko- advailtage that each class must he
in tY’ s Hj TU5 ruin ’k ro " 11 cotton ts raised ginned separately, and therefore the
° o _ seed of the first-grade cotton which
Ueep Silt Deposit. must be kepi apart should he us-
It has been ascertained that the
ful for sowing purposes.
Business Is Lively
In Light Linens
Fine Dress Goods and Towelings To
Be Rushed in by Importers
Ahead of Higher Tariff.
XF1\V YORK, May 3.—As predict
ed, when the latest change in the
proposed linen schedules were an
nounced Importers have begun to get
inquiries on lightweight dress linen
and towelings. These goods, which
come in under the present tariff at
30 per cent, are to he advanced to
3o per cent, if the new schedules as
they now stand go through. Large
buyers are apparently of the opinion
that the bill will be passed practical
ly as it stands, and are making in
quiries as to prices on goods which
w ill be needed later on. Importers in
the New York market, when they
learned of the proposed change in
the duties on lightweight dress lin
ens and towelings, stated that there
would undoubtedly be a rush for
goods, and their predictions bid fair
to be realized.
The changes made in the schedules
have been widely discussed through-*-
out the trade, and the general opin
ion seems to he that Imports of lin
ens will increase, if tin* bill passes
as it is outlined now. With regards
to lightweight dress fabrics, it is be
lieved that the Imports of these will
not be greatly Hurt by a 5 per cent In
crease in tin* duty. Buyers will not
be able to lose any time if they want
to get goods in ahead of the passing
of the tariff, as it has been generally
intimated that the bill will go into
effect as soon as it is passed. The
mill" abroad are already pretty well
undoi order for the balance of this
year, and it will be a question of
whether the goods can be turned out
in tinve to get them here before tin-
tariff goes into effect.
lb-1idlers art- moving out dress lin-
t'lis steadily and stocks an bv no
means as large as they would like to
see them. Solid colors in the popular
shades are in excellent demand, with
some houses reporting good sales of
what arc termed "high colors." such
as reds, purples and bright greens,
(’ream shades and white are also good
property, t specially in the finely
woven goods. (’rashes are in very
short supply, and prices continue to
show an upward tendency. Domestic
mills an well sold ahem! and buyers
are still complaining of the slow
shipments from abroad.
Advices received from Belfast state
that manufacturers there m keenly
interested in the pending tariff
changes, and believe that if the bill
goes through a larger business will
be done in this country.
SOUTHERN IMPROVEMENTS. 0e U " 1 ' n u,,s '■"iinuy nation placed upon a railroad by the
■ commission can l>e tiled within 30
During the five y. .us Bom DARTMOUTH ADDS EFFICIENCY. I s. but if none is filed that valua-
m2 eight rail rued* operating m , haNoYKR. N II S(a> 3 l>art- Jtlon he.-omes final. In , as,' of pro-
Southern States have spent $1-- m<>.ith G>-liege w ill offer a course next J test, findings of the commission will
Investment Bankers Consider
- Many Questions Before a
Move Is Made.
TWO STATES NOW
DOMINATE BICE
Louisiana and Texas Crowd to
Front in Production of
Irrigated Crop,
Dipping Yat and Sprays Take Fare of Ticks—Progressive Stockmen
,p: i' Inexcusable, if
Instance Tick
irk Gontimiaucc
Taken in Everv
Welcome Severe Restrictions
Thorough Safeguards Will Bt
Appears.
By CHARLES A. WHITTLE.
(Georgia State College of Agriculture.)
M'
MANY CHANCES REFUSED jTHE ATLANTIC STATES QUIT
Efforts Made Not to Glut the j Acreage in the East Generally
Bend All Efforts
to Crop Movement
Banks Prefer Short Loans to Mature
in Time to Give Funds for
Harvest Days.
Banker.* do not discuss freely’ the
prospects of money next fall, y’et it
is plainly evident that their policy is
one of caution. The rate for six
months* collateral loans in Wall
Street lias been lowered to 4 1-2 at
4 1-2 per cent., nut even at that level
it compares with 3 1-2 per cent, quot
ed for similar loans at thits time last
year, and 2 3-4 per cent, two years
ago. ".'line loans least difficult to
obtain ere those which run as nearly
nn possible for periods terminating
at the t mo next autunwi when tin
West will begin to call for funds to
finance - he crop movements. Not only
at New York, but at Chicago and St
Louis it is testified that while six
month*' loans are ihe limit, tin- banks
prefer not to go beyond four month>
on time-loan accommodations. What
lb*' demands for crop movements will
amount to cannot < ven be guessed at.
but if .h- exceedingly’ favorable win
ter wheat indication later on re
fleeted in spring wheat, corn and oats,
there will be little question concern
iny the extent of the fall demands for
money.
Commenting on these precautions,
a banker of wide experience at the
West and South pointed out that if
many of the banks adopted such a
policy there would be a far more
comfortable money market in the fall
than i* now anticipated. One fac
tor which has helped the situation so
tar has been the leduced borrowings
by railroads and Industrial concerns.
Requests from such sources have
been light compared with the broad
borrowings that wore looked for a
lew weeks age. Sonic roads have
deferred fresh financing until the
investment outlook is more settled
and the new tariff law is on the
statute la oks.
NEW WALL STREET BOGIE.
Physieal valuation of the railroads
of the country is the next bogie Wall
Street has to confront. The new law
requiring the Interstate Commerce
Commission to make a physical val
uation goes into effort, this week, on
the first of May. After Hie commis
sion makes a tentative valuation it
must submit it to the railroads, to
the Department of Justice, to the
Governors of the States in which the
railroad properties are located and to
others whom the eonimission may
prescribe. A protest against the val
Market, Also to Prevent
Continual Re-selling.
How <loe« a banker know the price
is safe to fix for a great bond issue?
How does he know what is the most
opportune time to bring out an im
portant loan .’ How ran he tell when
Ik negotiates with the corporation,
whether it will be possible for it to
secure its money at a guaranteed
price in a money market which may
be governed by wholly different con
ditions from those prevailing at the
time the loan was contracted for?
Every new loan brings up so many
perplexing que.«tions for the invest
ment banker to consider that the head
of a great international banking
house was heard to remark that
"nothing but brains and a life-time
experience equipped one to deal with
the problems of a difficult bond mar
ket." He added: "Even then we
all make* bad blunders. No one can
guard fully against mishaps for the
reason that no one man is big enough
to invariably judge the money mar
ket correctly. The price of money
is of all things the most sensitive.
We all do the best we can and let it
go at that."
This was the testimony of a man
who has put through some of the
largest International loans. When the
president of a large railroad asks a
banker to bring out a bond Jssue he
put through a running Are of ques
tions. These have to do with the
condition of the property itself: its
mortgage indebtednr.ss. note issues
and outstanding stock: whether the
new money is wanted to pay off ma
turing obligations, to finance new'
construction work, to purchase equip
ment. or to buy’ into some other road:
how soon the money’ will be required,
whether or no£ it is to be used all
at once or at stated intervals, and
what rate of interest the road is will
ing to pay; and how long the loan
is to run, what provision is to be
made for paying it off, and the terms
of the mortgages.
This questioning may’ take two
hours or two weeks. When Paris
bankers took Pennsylvania's $50,000.-
000 issue of 3 3-4 per cent 15-year
bonds in 1906, the borrower, accord
ing to one of its representatives, "had
to prove that it had a road."
There are often occasions when
bankers refuse flatly to bring out a
large loan at any terms. Since 1909
every prominent banking house in the
Street has probably turned down a
dozen such propositions. Their re
fusals have been liased generally on
a determination not to glut the bond >
market or to cause embarrassment
through loading up weak holders with
bonds. The St. Paul loan bankers
could have sold the entire $30,000,000
iss'ue with ease had they accepted
bids from smaller syndicates. In
stead of doing that they’ made a spe
cial effort to place the bonds with
insurance companies, savings banks,
and rich (‘states, which would hold
the. securities for income-producing
purposes. That prevented the unset-*
tlement which was caused two years
ago by the constant reselling of bonds
by weak holders, who had bid for
new loans only to sell again as soon
as the market had advanced fraction
ally.
Each banking house lias its own
experts, private accountants, and
Mometimes its own engineers to make
special reports on railroad or in
dustrial concerns which seek to put
out large loans.
Abounded in Favor of Other
Farm Products,
[ORE than 180,000 miles nt ter-
ritory has been freed of cattle
tick since 1906—a territory
that would cover Mississippi, Ala
bama. Georgia and slightly more.
Pretty good work that!
And what is more, his pudgy nibs
is on the way to oblivion at a faster
pace than ever. The street would put
it more expressively by saying that
tick before it grows sufficiently to
lay eggs. For a small herd be could
also apply with brush or sponge a
tick cffestioylng wash or oil, such a-
crude petroleum, tick oil, cotton seed
oil .and kerosene mixed equal parts;
lard and kerosene mixed equal parts
or other disinfectant.
Spraying these oils, disinfectants,
and stock dips or what is cheapest,
arsenic solution, upon the rattle .see
ing that all parts of their skin is
thoroughly dampened, is also practi-
he was being put on the "blink," for (a i for email herds.
Ooo on improvements. During
►ame period only three «»f the ro.u
included paid dividends, the- tota
amounting $24,164,000. 'I he ♦ xpen
Cfitures for improvements, as compi!
#0 l>\ ■ '• Alanuf -« tU'ers R* ' <•!(!.
elude $55,24J.0(mi for Norfolk «v We"
tern. $20,910,000 foi 'Frisco. $H.oss
00(* tor aboard Xir Line. $tJ» 736.*"t
for FJo’e East <*i»hM. $6.9M.*'0"
Carolina. Ciinclilield a- Ohio, aim
than $2,000,000 each for three
loaut.
1
year in s< iemifie management as part i be reviewed at a hearing at which
I of the second year work in the Amos i testimony will be heard. There is no
j Tuck School of Administration and doubt that the recent decline in stocks.
Finance. At their last Ineeting the | more especially of rails, is due to the
trustees of the college appointed Pro- i impending valuation of these prop-
j l’essor Henry W Shelton. Yale '04. to ! erties. The railroads d«» not consider
I the faculty and be will conduct the I that fair valuation can tints be placed j •*° ° x
•■■our <• in the a pplieat ion of seion- upon their properties. Many elements j noO.tMMt. t«*t the Emperor’s war rhest.
tifi< mai .iK<*ii!"iii i»» manufc iuriiu: j entered into the-construction of rail- j is not vet apparent. The bank re-
Whence Will Come
German War Hoard?
Reichsbank Has Amassed Huge Sum
in Gold, but Hardly Enough for
Kaiser’s Demands.
Where will the German Govern
ment procure the 12.000.000 marks of
gold coin which, it is announced, is
to be added as "war treasure" to the
similar amount of 12.ooo.ooo marks
taken from the French indemnity
payment after 1871. and locked up
snu i then in the castle of Spandau .
The Berlin Tageblatt answers the
question, after pointing out that Im
perial Treasury bonds will be issued
in payment:
"How is the gold to be obtained?
It must either be withdrawn from
the Reichsbank or from circulation
It is not possible for the Reichsbank
to hand over so much. It is known
that the gold currency is more im-
portant in Germany than in othei
countries, and the Reichsbank for a
i onsidernble titn • bus been endeaxor-
.ng to iittract gold from Circulation
to the bank, first of all by the issue
of banknotes, especially of smaller
banknotes, and also by increasing
the amount of silver in circulation.
"The efforts of the Reichsbank have
been su . essful. At present the re
turn is marly’ 200.000.000 marks more
unfavorable than at this time last
Near, bit, the gold has increased by
almost F0.000,000 n arks. The Retchs-
b.ink hopes to have concentrated ir
its vaults about one milliard mark*
in gold in May of this year, which
would be a record amount."
Whether this is enough to provide
; 12.000.1'OO marks, or $30 -
WASHINGTON, May 2 Statistic-
of the rice cleaning and polishing in
dustry’ of the United States for the
year 1909 are given in a bulletin soon
to be issued by Director Durand, Bu
reau of the Census. Department of
Commerce. It was prepared under
the direction of William M. Steuart,
chief .-tat’stician for manufactures.
In 1909 there were 71 establishments
engaged In (‘leaning and polishing
rice. In these establishments 1,777
persons were employed, 1.239 being
wage earners. The value of products
was $22,371,457. but the value added
by manufacture was only $2,879,377,
the cost of materials being equal to
87.2 per cent of the total value of
products. '
In 1909 Louisiana reported 56 per
cent of the total value of products,
and Texas 36.4 per cent, leaving only
7.6 per cent for all other States com
bined. These two States employed
90.6 per cent of the average number
of wage earners. Louisiana reported
65.7 per cent of the total value of
products in 1899. South Carolina 11.2
per cent, while Texas, with one es
tablishment. was included under "All
other States.”
Between 1899 and 1900 there was
considerable change in the relative
importance of the different States In
ihe industry. The number of estab
lishments in Georgia. North Carolina,
and South Carolina decreased greatly,
while Alabama, California, Florida,
Mississippi and New York, each of
which reported one or more estab
lishments in 1899. returned none in
1909. The number of establishments
in Texas increased from one in 1899
to 19 in 1909 and Arkansas, which
had none in 1899, had 5 establishments
in 1909.
This shift in the industry was due
to the very/ general abandonment of
rice growing on the lowlands near
the Atlantic and Gulf coasts, and to
its introduction with irrigation on the
level prairie lands of Louisiana. Tex
as and Arkansas, where machinery
can oe used in planting and har
vesting.
The proportion of clean rice ob
tained varies considerably in differ
ent States. In Arkansas the pro
portion in 1909 was 62.7 per cent; in
Louisiana. 65.1 per cent: in South
Carolina, 55.1 per cent; in Texas, 63.5.
per cent, and in Washington. 90.4 per
cent. The rice treated in Washing
ton, however, was imported hulled
rice, and the rice was not polished
by the mills, the only substance re
moved being the bran. The propor
tions of clean rice for the several
States in 1904 were as follows:
Louisiana, 62.2 percent: South Caro
lina. 62.4 per rent; Texas. *62.4 per
cent, and Washington, 90.5 per cent.
Estimates Expense
of General War -I
Paris Statistician Say European
Conflict Would Cost Close to
$55,000,000 Per Day.
If war were actually to break? out
when Austria and Servia were quar
relling, and if Germany, England.
France. Russia. Italy. Austria, and
Rumania were > have been drawn
in. what would it have cost” Dr.
Charles Riehet, a statistician of the
University of Paris, has published
detailed and elaborate estimates.
From them he concludes that the dai
ly expense of the actual campaign
would be something like $55,000,000
per day.
He bastes his estimate on the as
sumption that, roughly, twenty mil
lion men would be called to arms, of
whom at least half would be sent to
the front. On this basis, he works
out the daily expenditure for the
seven Powers, as follows—the figures
being here rendered into dollars:
that is about what happens when he
receives a deluge of the arsenic so
lution -n the "dip."
For a long tjme the Margaropus
Annulatus—none other than the cattle
tick—gorged and gorged good blood of
Southern cattle, but at last a scien
tific sleuth trapped and convicted
him of cattle raiding computing his
outrages at millions and millions of
dollars a year.
Forthwith the federal authorities
located the van of the tick s far flung
lines, set up a quarantine and stopped
crossing from jnfected to uninfected
territory until a clean bill of health
was shown. It was discovered that
the tick had fixed itself upon the cat
tle industry of th;* South and South
west. that cattle reared in uninfected
territory when taken into infected
territorv Lied when the tick got In its
work. lit deed ho (‘attic tick fever
is to the cow wnet yellow fever is to
mail.
Farmers Do Not Appreciate Damage.
\ CURIOUS feature about it is that
*■* the Southern farmers did not
know that the cattle tick had any
thing to do with the development of
theii herds. In fact, a great many
Southern farmers to-day will hoo.
the claims that the cattle tick
amounts to anything, averring that it
is ali a fuss about nothing.
The *xplanation is that Southern
born and reared cattle receive a touch
of the tick fev- r very early in life
with comparatively slight effect, but
enough to make ’hem immune from
.serious effects a:leewards. Though
Southern cattle Unis early go through
the tick ordeal, as a matter of fact,
they arc never afterwards what they
might have been. Their growth is
permanently stunted. They are, in
fact, predestined bovine failures.
The Southern farmer faces his poor
cattle with an "Oil. well the South i* s
no place to gro«.\ them!" He has
been placing the. nlame on the coun
try and climate when it belonged to
him.
Every intelligent farmer now know?
that the South is a territory suited to
(attic growing-, ndeed. wonderfully-
adapted to it-Mne tick, of course,
eliminated as a factor. The long
grazing season, .iie great variety of
crops maturing at desirable intervals,
the possibility of double cropping, the
generally favorable climatic condi
tions. have all been made to show
prime beef and dairy results where
the tick has been driven out.
How Tick Does Damage.
THE barges against the cattle tick
■* haw been web briefed by Di. \V.
M. Burson. professor of Veterinary
Science of the Georgia State College
of Agriculture in the following way:
1— Sucks blood thereby causing b>s«
of vitality .
2— Stunts the growth of calves.
3— —Lessens milk production.
4— Increases expense of fattening
attle.
Interferes with the improvement
of breeds.
6— Causes commercial damage to
hides'.
7— Restricts commerce in cattle.
8— Lowers the market value of cat
tle in tick infested territory.
9— Causes death of many cattle.
10— Prevents to a large extent the
proper use of cotton seed mea! there
by reducing soil fertility.
11— Prevents the exhibition of
Southern cattle at northern fairs and
stock shows.
12— Prevents sale of breeding and
feeding cattle to northern farmers.
How to Eradicate the Tick.
T HE two general methods of eradi
cating the tick are pasture rota
tion and spraying or dipping w ith ar
senic solution. If one had only a
small herd and time he could resort
to hand picking and currying being
But the most effective and the
practical way for large herds is the
"dip." It is the most economical
for a community that is willing to
co-operate in its construction, and
is adapted to the treatment of a
large number of cattle. The "dip'
consists of passing the cattle through,
a vat full of tick destroying liquid,
the liquid being so deep that when
the animal is forced to plunge into
it, complete immersion is the conse
quence.
. Concrete is generally used in the
construction of the dipping vats and
plans and specifications for their con
struction can be had from any col
lege of agriculture, from the Depart
ment of Animal Husbandry of the
United States Bureau of Agriculture,
from industrial departments of rai 1 -
roads. etc.
In the South much interest has
been taken by railroads and cotton
seed crushers interested in fostering
the cattle industry, and at their own
expense, community dips have been
constructed for the benefit of any
farmer who would joip the crusade
against the tick.
The arsenic solutioh which has giv
en such excellent results-and is most
then begin in ten days and continue
for a period of five months. From
19 to 188 days after the eggs have
been laid, they begin to hatch. The
small seed tick may live eight months
after hatching. After hatching they
fasten themselves to the nearest veg
etation and attach themselves to cat
tle as they pass by of* when they lie
down.
As soon as a seed tick attaches it
self to a cow’ it begins to draw blood
and to grow. It molts twice and
may mate, mature and drop to the
ground in from one to three months.
Thousands of Isolated Farms Free of
Ticks.
THK quarantine line established by
1 the Federal Government does not
mean by any means that all territory
south of the line is infested with
ticks. As a matter of fact whole
counties below the quarantine line
have been clean of ticks and hold a
clean hill of health to this effect from
Federal inspectors. Wherever a pro
gressive farmer has taken the pains,
he has been able to eradicate the
tick from his farm without trouble
and much to his profit in increasing
the development of his live stock
business.
For n long time the Southern States
did not support the Federal Govern
ment in its efforts to eradicate this
cattle pest. But now most Southern
States have entered heartily into the
fight and have established intra-State
regulations as stringent as any that
the Federal Government ever estab
lished in protection of the cattle in
dustry n< rth of the line.
A great deal of fuss lias been en
countered within the States and no
small opposition. In fact, at time®.
generally used in .lipping vats, .-an j, would appear ihat the worthy oru-
be made from the following formula:
sodium carbonate (sal sodaY 24
pounds: arsenic trioxid (white arsen
ic). 8 pounds; pine tar. one gallon;
water sufficient to make 500 galions.
To prepare this mixture for use. 25
gallons of water are brought to a
boil, the sal soda is added and stirred
till it dissolves. The arsenic is ad
ded and again stirred until it In turn
dissolves. The solution is then al
lowed to cool to '40 degrees fahren-
heit. One pound of concentrated lye
is dissolved in or.e quart of water
and stirred into the pine tar. The
pine tar is then added slowly in a
thin stream to the solution of soda
and arsenic, the whole being stirred
thoroughly. The volume is then in
creased by the addition of water to
make the total 50 gallops. This 50
sade would have to fall back from
gained ground and give up hope, but
good advice has prevailed and prac-
lically all that has been won has
been held.
The meaning <f it’all is that the
man who will permit his cattle to be
infested with ticks will have to stand
to lose market for them. At least
his market will • • so constricted by
reason >f quarantine measures as at.
times to amount to no market at all.
He must get rid of the ticks if he Is
going to stay in the cattle raising
business. Such is about the signifi
cance of the Georgia .State law* which
is one -.f the strictest and therefore
one that is accomplishing most and
putting Georgia more rapidly on the
cattle growing map than others.
Each year the number of kickers
gallons of substance is known as against cattle ib a angulations become
"stock” ^qlution. in this condition
it is entirely too strong for applica
tion. Previous to use it must be di
luted with water at the rate of nine
gallons of water to one gallon of
"stock” solution.
Arsenic is. of course, a deadly
poison and care must be exercised in
handling it. Cattle should be water
ed before dipping and should be al
lowed to drip off throughly In the
dripping pen to make sure that none
will drip off on grass or pasture and
be eaten by cattle. When the liquid
has become too foul for further use.
it should be drained off into a pit
where it will not run out on pasture
land or find access to the water sup
ply.
A single dipping of a cow. of
coins* destroys all ticks on the ani
mal at the time. Other ticks might
crawl on her the next day and if
they are allowed to remain there
long enough would develop and be
ready to perpetuate the race of ticks.
Until the ticks have been completely
eradicated it is, therefore, necessary
to put the cattle through the dipping-
vat about every two weeks.
How Ticks Reproduce.
O BSERVATIONS made by govern
ment experts concerning the hab
its of the cattle tick reveal that ticks
average from 350 to over 5.000 eggs,
the average being nearer 3,000. These
eggs are laid in greatest abundance in
November with January and Februa
ry next in order. The incubation
period varies greatly from 19 to 188
days with October and February as
hatching periods. The tick’s long
est life time as observed by scien
tists is 249 days.
The life history of the cattle tick
may start with the female tick after
reaching its full development on a
cow. It then drops to the ground
and immediately hunts a hiding place
on moist earth under litter that will
protect her from the sun and her
sure to lemove once a week every numerous enemies. Egg laying may
Provisioning of troops . . . .
$3 2,500,000
Feeding of horses .*.
1,000.000
Pay
4.250,000
Wages, arsenals, and har
bors
l .ooo.ooo
Mobilization
Transporl of foodstuffs.
2,000,000
weapon*, etc
A mmunition—
4,000,000
Infantry
4.000.000
Artillery
3.250,000
Ship . rtillery
3 75,000
Fitting cut of >:my
4,000,000
Ambulance service
500.000
Movement of ships
500,000
Deficit in taxes
10,000,000
Support for population
without means
Requisition*, damage to
towns, bridges, etc. ....
6.750,000
2,000,000
rebandixing In taking this
rtmouth perhaps beeom**:; the
lege t*> offer a course in the
System. '
loads ;m the e«rl\ davs vvlu u pioneer ! sarded its own co d n serve as nan*
work had t*> he done which a physieal j too strong 1 yenr ago. tnd ii now
v aluation made to-day might not re- ? 'Ids less : ian $18,000,000 in exec s
fleet. J oi April, 1912.
I
Total $54,125,000
IY such a war lasted only as long
as the brief Franco-Prussian conflict
of 1870; the outlay on this basis would
ixeril 85.000.000,0(10 irrespective of
war indtmnities.
NO EXTENSIVE FINANCING.
Frederick J. Lisman. a director of
the Alabama. Tennessee «<- Northern
Railroad, says the merger of the To:n-
bigbee Valley Railroad and the Mo
bile Terminal & Railway Vo. with
the former company, represents the
extension of the Alabama. Tennessee
A \
loo miles of line anu involves own
ership of valuable terminal property
uj Mobile, Including a large front
age on tiie harli.-r. Present needs do
not call for larg financing, and the
only thing in this line that will be
don- at the present is ;n issue of
$1.ooo.don in bonds, which already
have heen taken tip. Ultimately, of
course, ihr development of the Mo-
I bile terminal wi l be attempted upon
| an extensive *calc.
Business Is Above
Spring 1912 Level
Great Lakes and Pacific Coast
Regions Fare Best: the South
east Lags Behind.
"The best business conditions are
still in the States touching the great
lakes and on the Pacific Coast. The
poorest conditions are in the South
eastern States, not including Florida,
and in the recently flooded districts.
The average of all business is far
above the situation at this time >n
1932," says the Fulton National Bank
in its April trade letter.
"With business generally so active
and money so well employed that
none is available for the financing of
new concerns or for stock exchan.,e
operations, there should be little room
for complaint in manufacturing and
mercantile lines. Prospective tariff
reduction is holding back some lines
but the total volume of business s
far above the average for this season.
Some decline in imports and in man
ufactures will be apparent until the
tariff bill has been di spewed of. If
the matter is properly (handled
Congress, there need be no upsetting
of business and the effect of such tar
iff reduction as may he made wi:l
soon be dissipated in the increasing
business which will naturally result.
Approximately one-third »*f the
cotton, one-fourth of the corn, ano
one-third of the oats an tti the
ground. To" much water in the
Southeast a lid Northwest has de
layed planting ami a considerable
part of the recently flooded district
is not yet in shape to plant.
"The average price of all commodi
ties has steadily decreased since De
cember and is now only a shade high
er than It was a year ago. Low prices
for all foodstuff's except meats and
lower pig iron quotations helped r *
bring down the average. Present
prices on staple crops average 25
per cent lower than a year ago, 3.7
per cent lower than two years ag.>
and 3 8 per cent lower than three
years ago.
"Bonds average 5 points below a
year ago and stocks average 15 points
below the quotations at this time last
year. So far for April, the Exchange
has been more active and trading for
the month should show a considera
ble increase over March but will
hardly equal April of last year."
.smaller The kickers have "come
across." joined the ranks of those
who have eradicated the tick and
have become th** most exacting in
their demands that the law be en
forced upon the other fellow. The
\eterinavy department of Georgia de
serves much credit for the rapidly
growing area it is wresting from the
lick.
If the farmer of Georgia would
co-operate, the cattle tick could be
eradicated from the State in two
years. The Georgia farmer with his
excellent Georgia market for his
products could quarantine against all
other Southern territorv* not free from
ticks and feel a great impetus in
live stocK growing.
There is nothing else in Georgia in
the way of developing a cattle in
dustry *u a vast scale than the tick.
The same may be said of any other
Southern State which has been af
flicted with the trouble.
The eradication of the tick is a
direct contribution of science to the
welfare of the farmer. Had the hab
its and harm of the tick not been
discovereo through scientific research,
the South' migh. have gone on for
ever as a failure at cattle raising
without ever suspecting the correct
reason.
Stock Raisers Do Not Fear Tick.
A FEW years ago no Northern stock
raiser would have thought of
moving Ills herd to the South be
cause he believed that it mean cer
tain death for his cattle from tick
fever. Now, however, with full
knowledge <»f how to eradicate the
tick and keep cattle free from it,
stockmen everywhere recognize no
drawback in the South to cattle rais
ing.
An incident of this can be found
at Kensington, Georgia, in Walker
County, where iast fall one of the
most noted -Jersey herds of the coun
try was brought from New Hamp
shire and is now being very success
fully used to conduct an immense
dairy business. In passing it is well
worth mentioning, that Mr. Dow who
is in charge and a recognized rattle
expert, claims *hat the South has
great opportunities and advantages
for dairving and live stock growing. '
He is, in. fact, enthusiastic over con
ditions as he has found them
Not a few farmers, stock dealers
and business men are now buying
cattle in the West or in parts of
the South unaffected by the tick, in
order that they may feed for a eea-
son and sell in the market. Depend
ing upon the sources of feed from
which they have drawn they have
succeeded. None of them have had
to contend with the tick, for thev
have gor.c about the tick eradicating
in a business like way.
These are cplv examples or slight
ullffitlnr k .ihiii. r»-.
Vi
MONEY SCARCE IN FRANCE.
indications ef possibilities When
farmers go into live stock raising In
the tick Infested regions raise their
„ „ herds and fatten them for th«
PA R1S. May 3.—"Scarcity of cur- market, from beginning to end keep
ing the tick out of the proposition,
they will find far greater advantages^
than many of them now think.
rency” is a common complaint, even
among individuals in their daily af
fairs. Many of- tin m find difficulty in
getting thq* gold coins which they
want for their ordinary needs. The
Bank of France is giving less gold
than ever to ordinary banks for pay
ments at their wickets, and the heavy
five-franc silver pieces still have to I
be*accepted. A foreign bank, whose
tourist customers insist on having
gold, has lately been sending out its
men to waylay bank runners and buy
up the gold they have collected in
their morning route at a premium of
75 centimes per 1.000 francs—just
enough, as one runner informed me.
to pay his lunch. Another told me
that out of 10.000 francs he had col
lected, no had only 60 francs in gold j
all of which show " that everybody, j
including Bank <*f France and little j
tradesmen together, is "hoarding."
Thar is. everybody with money is
waiting. '
IVIOMEY
LOANED TO SALARIED MEN
AT LAWFUL RATES
ON PROMISSORY NOTES
Without Endorsement
Without Collateral Security
Without Real Estate Security
NATIONAL DISCOUNT CO.
121 J..12 FotMh Mntionr! Rnn’t Blrfg.