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“ERROR CEASES TO BE DANGEROUS WHEN REASON IS LEFT FREE TO COMBAT IT ."-Jefferson.
VOLUME XVIII.
ATLANTA, GA., WEDNESDAY, JULY 11,1866.
NUMBER 27.
ATLANTA, GEORGIA,
Wednesday, July I I, 1866.
Monument to Governor Jared Irwin,
From the “Editorial Corresi>ondcnce” of the
Augusta Chronicle d- Sentinel, of Sunday niorn-
ing last, we extract the following interesting no
tice of the monument erected by the State of
Georgia to the memory of one of her gallant sons
of 1776, who, after the achievement of American
Independence attained the highest honors the
State could bestow. The letter is dated at San
ders ville, (Washington county) the 28th ultimo.
The reproduction in thin paper of the extract to
day, the Fourth ok July, we, (the Editor)
deem appropriate, on account of the memories
of the glorious past, and in consideration of the
fact that the lineal descendant, a grand son of
the illustrious statesman and hero over whose
remains the monument stands, bearing his own
name, is the Fropuiktor and Publisher of this
journal:
monument to governor IRWIN.
A few years since the Legislature made a hand
some appropriation for the purpose ot erecting a
monument to the memory of Governor Jared
Irwin, who, in the State’s infancy, had served her
with distinguished zeal aud ability, both in the
field and in the council. The Governor of the
Stale was directed to have the work done, and in
furtherance of the object, appointed a committee
of gentlemen in this county (the last residence of
Governor Irwin) to superintend the work. The
monument stands upon the west side of the pub
lic square, is of Georgia marble, and is altogether
a creditable structure. The inscriptions upon it
are from the pen of the Governor of the State,
who was charged with the erection of the mon
ument. We give it in full, as it appears on four
sides of the main body of the shall, that the peo
ple of the State mny be instructed in the art of
good writing:
SOUTH FACE.
ERECTED
By the Stab; of Georgia
To the Memory of
GOVERNOR JAltED IRWIN,
who died
At his residence, Union Hill, Washington county,
on the first day of March, 1818, in
the 68th year of his age.
WEST FACE.
In his private relations
GOVERNOR IRWIN
was beloved by all who knew him. The spot
less purity of his character, his benign and afla-
ble disposition, his wide-spread benevolence and
hospitality, made him the object of general af
fection. To the poor and distressed be was a
lienefaetor and u friend.
In every position of public life—as a soldier,
statesman and patriot—the public good was the
object and end of his ambition; and bis death
was lamented as a national calamity. But Ills
memory will ever be embalmed in the hearts ol
his countrymen; and the historian will award
him a brilliant page in the records of his coun
try. Peace to his ashes! Honor to his name.
NORTH FACE.
GENERAL IRWIN
was one of the conveikion which met at Augusta
in 1788, and ratified the Constitution of the Uni
ted Suites. He was a member 6f the convention
in 1789, which reformed the Constitution of the
State of Georgia. In 1798 he was President of
the convention which revised the Constitution of
the State of Georgia, lie rendered distinguished
services to his country as commissioner, in con
cluding several treaties with the Indians.
At the close of the war of Independence, lie
was a member of our first Legislature under our
present form of government—a position which
he occupied for several years. He was elected
President of the Senate frequently, at various
periods from 1770 to the time of his death.
He was Governor of Georgia from January
17th, 1796, to the lltli of January, 1798, aud
again from 23d of September, 1806, to the 7th ot
November, 1809. His administration was dis
tinguished for liis justice and impartiality ; and
liis was the honor, after several years’ labor in
that behalf, of signing the act rescinding the
Yazoo Law.
EAST FACE.
A TRUE PATRIOT.
He entered the service of his country as Cap-
Uiiu, and soon rose to the rank of Colonel, during
the revolutionary war. As a soldier he was brave
and gallant He distinguished himself at the
sieges of Savannah aud Augusta ; and in the bat
tles of Camden, Briar Creek, Black Swamp and
several other engagements, lie was at all times
foremost, leading his gallant band to victory. And
not with his sword and in liis person only did he
do service for liis country. From his private
means he erected a fortress in Burke couuty, for
the protection ol the people of the surrounding
districts.
liis pure devotion to the cause of liberty, mark
ed liitu in the eyes of his enemy, and on more
thau one occasion, was he plundered of liis prop
erty and his premises reduced to ashes. At the
close of the war of the revolution, with the rank
of General, he was actively engaged in the ser
vice of the State, in repelling the attacks and in
vasions ot the Indians; and here again was liis
liberality called into activity. He, at his own
expense, built a fort at the White Blufi for the
security and protection of the frontier inhabitants
against the savage attacks of the merciless foes.
Atlanta Abroad.
Some strange stories are told of Atlan
ta abroad, especially in the “Great West.”—
Its business, climate, and transpiring incidents,
make wonderful paragraphs. The other day we
saw an account of a strange disease, or plague,
which was destroying all the young chickens and
ducks in this city and its vicinity. Aud to-day,
in tlie Milwaukee Sentinel, we notice the follow
ing :
“Tlie thermometer is said to have readied the
extraordinary range of 120 degrees at Atlanta on
Tuesday. One or two cases ot sun-stroke oc
curred."'
We have uot left the city a day since last
spring, which we certainly would have done had
the thermometer ranged at ,120. Ninety-eight,
Fahrenheit, is as high as we ever knew the ther
mometer to range in Atlanta.
But again—here is another paragraph from the
same paper:
“ The English counterfeiter of greenbacks re
cently arrested at Atlanta has been sentenced to
fifteen years imprisonment. On hearing the sen
tence lie attempted to commit suicide by knock
ing bis head against the railing, but was secured.”
Most wonderful! Can it be that we live in
Atlanta, and know so little of what occurs here ?
That the “ chicken plague,” the wonderful beat,
tlie English counterfeiter, and “ more, much
more" to be yet unfolded, escape our observation ?
We must be up and doing, and our local tuust
l»c urged to redouble his energies, else the public
will have to look for news from Atlanta to the
Milwaukee and other Western papers !
Among the advertisements in a late London
daily, appeared the following:—“ two sisters
want washing."
A robrer’s cave has been discovered in Corn
wall, New York, fitted up with beds, cooking
utensils, Ac.
There are five negro Masonic lodges in Ohio.
Kpfrlt of tbe New York Prem,
The New York Aetc*, of Saturday, has for its
leader an elaborate article on the Constitution of
the German Confederation. Among its other
more important articles is one treating of the pro-
posed export duty on cotton as really a protec
tive duty in favor of New England manufactur
ers. Another on the “Exiles of the Late War,”
urges the sound policy of tlie President’s granting
' a general amnesty and recalling from abroad all
; our exiles, Breckinridge, Price, Maury, Early and
others, as a graceful act ami one promotive of
his reconstruction policy.
In its article on the Constitutional amendment,
in reply to tlie allegation of the Philadelphia
Press that the interference of the forty Congress
men with Tennessee has so exasperated the Pres
ident that lie will leave no stone unturned to pre
vent a quorum of the Legislature of that State
from meeting, the Xews says that the agony of
the Press and its correspondent are purely gratu
itous as the Southern States need no Executive
pressure to induce them to reject the amendment,
and the same may be said of many of the Nor
thern States.
In noticing Mr. Brown’s resolution instructing
the Judiciary Committee of the Senate to inquire
into the expediency of a thorough reorganization
of the Post Office, Treasury and Interior Depait-
rnents as a step in the right direction, the News
refers to the evil effects of bestowing office as a
reward for political services, and the periodic re
moval of incumbents just as they have acquired
the experience necessary to the prompt and in
telligent discharge of their duties.
The I'imes of Saturday has an article rather
commendatory of Mr. Morrill’s argument in favor
of the proposed new Tariff, looking, however,
upon the measure as a choice of evils.
In discussing the “ attitude of the Emperor ot
the French," the Times regards his late remark
able letter as almost equal to a declaration of
war, as avowing entire sympathy with Prussia
and Italy, having not a word of friendship for
Austria, and leaving no doubt of his purpose to
acquire territory.
The Time-i before us lias two long communica
tions from this State, one from Savannah, treat
ing ot the feeling among the people and of the
Freedinen’s Bureau—tlie other from Milledge-
ville, having for its subjects the Supreme Court,
the Slav Law, and Southern views of reconstruc
tion. The latter writer says of Mr. Stephens,
then in Milledgeville, that he continues to preach
Faith, Hope aud Charity, and that he lias an
abiding belief that the Fall elections at the North
will materially brighten the political skies at the
South.
The Albion of Saturday has an article very
complimentary to tlie views of the “Secretary of
tlie United States Treasury on Reciprocity,” re
marking that it is refreshing in these times of
strong prejudices and high tariffs to find a sensi
ble, impartial and dispassionate report upon a
purely commercial subject. From the report it
appears that the United States trade with British
America is only second to that of Great Britain
proper, and that the combined trade of both
amounts to more than one halt the entire foreign
trade of the United States.
Discussing “Napoleon III. on Attentive Neu
trality,” the Albion argues that this “attentive
neutrality” of the arch-diplomatist of France,
more than anything else, should cause all Europe
to tear the ultimate consequences ot the German
war.
A startling fact is presented in a call for a re
ligious meeting to consider the case of the breth
ren of Brooklyn. The preamble to the call states
that in a population consisting of three hundred
thousand individuals, only about fifty thousand
come regularly under the preaching of the Gospel.
Two cases of whipping have occupied consid
erable space in the columns of the New York
press within the past week. One is that of the
Rev. Mr. Lindslay, who whipped to death with
a shingle his infant of less than three years of
age, because the child would not say its prayers !
The other is a young lady of sixteen, a pupil in
the’Allston Grammar School, of Cambridge, Mas
sachusetts, who, for a somewhat impudent an
swer when reprimanded for whispering, was or
dered into a recitation room, where twenty blows
with a strap were administered by the lady as
sistant, while another held her hand over her
mouth to stop her screams. During the punish
ment the master came in and assisted in holding
her, and a piano was played to drown tlie noise.
We may have the charity to believe that such
cases are not very common in New York and
Massachusetts.
The Tariff occupies much of the attention of
the press. According to tb'* Express, the duty
on salt is now about 160 per cent., and it is pro
posed to raise it to 270 per cent. “ I know it is
wrong to raise the duty on salt,” said a member
of Congress, “ but as I ask from certain gentle
men, who support the higher salt duty, tlieir
votes for the protection of manufactures in Mas
sachusetts, I must vote for their protection.
The Washington correspondent of the News
states that it is understood that an address to the
people of the United States has been agreed upon
bv tlie Democratic and Conservative members
of Congress, and is now being signed. It fully
endorses the proposed National Convention, to
be held at Philadelphia on the 14th of August,
and urges participation in.its proceedings. It is
headed with tlie name of Senator Guthrie.
The Fetes, in its financial article referring to
the cold excitement of the previous week, says
that there is perhaps no spectacle in the city of
New York more surprising and confounding to
strangers, and especially business men. than that
presented by the various exchanges. M hen
there is an excitement the perfect Babel ot noise
aud contusion in the midst ot which the business
is transacted, and the rampant fury of the deal
ers, astonish the uninitiated observer, and he
Tbe Destitute of Georgia.
The Chattauooga American Union, of Wed
nesday morning last, says:
“The Acting SulxAssistant Commissioner of
the Freed men’s Bcrean reports to the Assistant
Commissioner of the State of Georgia, concern
ing the arrangements recently made by the Bu
reau to relieve the necessity of the destitute, that
there are in what ts called the “Long District,”
near Marietta, three hundred and fifty-seven poor
;>cople. There are ten districts in Cobb county.
The number estimated for Cobb county is three
thousand. The Mayor sent in a list of about
three hundred for the Marietta district, but since
it lias become generally known that rations will
be distributed, the wildest excitement prevails,
and the officer having charge of tlie issue is vis
ited from five o’clock in the" morning until dark
and principally by w omen. In four days he had
recorded tlie names ot over five hundred women
and children.”
We had scarcely banded the foregoing para
graph to one of our compositors, when much to
our gratification, Gen. W. T. Wofford, the rep
resentative elect from this Congressional District’
—the district which the two armies, Confederate
and Federal, alternately held possession of the
last year of the war, and which was desolated
thereby—entered our sanctum. From this gen
tleman—who has labored most zealously in Wash
ington City to induce the Government to send
relief to the destitute poor ot the Cherokee coun
ties, and who, sometime since, had succeeded in
obtaining an order from the Freedmen’s Bureau
in Washington, to General Tilson, in Augusta, to
forward supplies to them—we learn, that, on his
reaching home, finding no supplies had been for
warded, and that, literally, in many counties of
liis district, starvation was doing its w T ork, he
took the train to Augusta, General Tilson’s head
quarters, and, in a personal interview with the
latter, succeeded in obtaining the object of liis
mission, to-wit: tlie immediate forwarding of the
much needed supplies, General Wofford consent
ing, in connection with an officer of the Bureau,
to give his personal attention to their prompt
distribution. In a clay or two, therefore, relief
will be extended to the poor and famishing peo
ple of the General’s district, who are nearest the
railroad, and as early as possible to those more
distant. In this matter, General Wofford has
endeared himself to the suffering people whom he
has so well served. But for his energy and per
severance, the supplies that will soon be distrib-
ted amoDg them, would not have been applied
for, nor would they have been forthcoming. In
the benovolence and patriotism of his character,
and at much self-sacrifice, he has done his people
most noble service.
We learn from General Wofford, that while
in Washington City, he was largely indebted for
the success of his mission to two gentlemen—the
Hon. S. E. Ancona, and Hon. W. D. Kelley—
members of Congress from the State of Pennsyl
vania ; the former, a Democrat, and the latter, a
Republican, as our readers well know. These
gentlemen, as opposite in politics as South and
North, manifested a noble zeal in allevia
ting suffering humanity, and showed, by
their acts, that they deeply sympathized
with the suffering poor of our State. It was
mainly to the influence of these two gentle
men, though others kindly lent their aid, that the
General succeeded at Washington. In the name
of the people of this congressional district, we
thank the two Pennsylvania Congressmen.—
Would that they could unite iff the great work'oi
reconstruction, as they did in getting relief for a
famishing people!
General Wofford leaves our city this morning,
en route to the relief of his people.
Tlie National Union Convention.
Our Washington City correspondent “Inside,”
gives in his letter which we publish this morn
ing, some interesting information in regard to
the proposed “National Union Convention.”—
Indeed, the whole letter embraces interesting
general information, while a portion of it is of
special interest to the Georgia reader. We com
mend its perusal to our readers.
With regard to the South’s representation in
the proposed National Union Convention, we do
not know that we could lay before our readers,
a more forcible argument on the affirmative side
of the question, than by simply transtering to
our columns the following article which we clip
from the columns of our able, esteemed, and
frank cotemporary, the Augusta Constitutionalist,
which, only a few days ago, was disposed to neg
ative the proposition of the South being repre
sented in it, but which is now convinced by the
New York Tribune, “is the thing” for the South.
Tlie attention of our readers is earnestly invi
ted to a perusal of the article referred to:
From the Augusta Constitutionalist.
TIIE NATIONAL UNION CONVENTION.
If any proof were wanting that the proposed
National Convention offered to the South a pro
spect of restoration to its rights in the Union,
that proof is furnished by the following violent
attack upon the movement, which appears as a
double-leaded advertisement in the New York
1 ribune of Wednesday. As the Tribune hates
anj reviles it, the Convention is the tiling for us.
The 1 ribune heads its article “The new Johnson
party,” and says:
The call of a National Convention by Messrs.
Randall aud Doolittle of Wisconsin, Browning
of Illinois, aud Cowan ot Pennsylvania, with the
endorsement of Senators Dixon ot Connecticut,
Hendricks of Indiana, Norton of Minnesota, and
Nesmith of Oregon, cannot be understood other
wise than as a formal proclamation of with
drawal bv the Johusonites trom the National
Union party. Mi. Hendricks, and perhaps we
should add Mr. Nesmith, cannot withdraw from
a party to which they never professed to belong;
but tlie others have all been honored and trusted
as members of the great part}’ which they now
openly abandon and conspire to overthrow. We
thank them for their frankness, and hope to find
them more manly as antagonists than they have
been faithful as compatriots.
No one can possibly be duped by their call.—
Its terms are explicit*and emphatic. Ex-Gover-
nor Andrews, of Massachusetts, is disqualified
bv his convictions for a seat in the contemplated
Convention; not so ex-Governors Smith and
Letcher, of Virginia. Generals Butler and How-
wonders how men can understand what is done j a rd cannot pronounce the Randall Shibboleth ;
in such a bedlam. But, says the News, contracts ~ T '* T ~“~ 1Q ~-
to the extent of many millions will he made in
the course ot a few minutes, and it is very sel
dom, comparatively, that any mistake or misun
derstanding occurs.
The Express states that the Senate, in execu
tive session, rejected all the nominations recently
made by the President in the State of Tennes
see, tor collectors and assessors of internal reve
nue, and assigned no reason lor tlie action. Of
course, says tbe Express, this means war to the
knife, and adds that all of these men were Un
ion men.
Maury, the celebrated American navigator, is
now in Paris for the purpose of selling his tor
pedo to the French Government. Mr. Fillmore
was to leave Liverpool on the 30th ult. General
McClellan is in Germany.
The Reverend Chaplain Livermore is the spec
ulating agent of the Freedmeu's Bureau in Gre
nada, Mississippi. He declares he has made ten
thousand dollars. He charged fees ranging from
a quarter of a dollar upward. He made arrests,
aud acquitted or convicted according to the pay.
Generals Lee and Fitz-John Porter can do it
easily. Governors Oglesby, of Illinois, and Stone,
of Iowa, cannot have seats in their Sanhedrim ;
hut Wells, of Louisiana, and, Throckmorton, of
Texas—the latter doubtless elected over the vote
of every hearty Unionist in the State—will be
present" in spirit, and may be in person. General
Geary, the chosen leader of the Unionists of
Pennsylvania, cannot pass their door-keepers; but
Heister Clymer, liis opponent, who never once
even pretended to wish the rebels defeated and
their Confederacy suppressed, will see those doors
fly open to welcome his approach. This call
simply proclaims the adhesion of the Johnson-
ites proper to the party made up of the rebels
and pro-rebels, which aims to seize the Govern
ment and control the destinies of our eouDtry.—
Messrs. Randall & Company will furnish the
new combination with a liberal proportion of
its managers and officers; but ninety-nine hun-
dreths of its votes must be supplied by those who
voted last for President, either for Jefferson Davis
or George B. McClellan. It may be that they
will vote next for Andrew Johnson ; but we do
not believe it—nor do they.
It were idle to note that the rights of the blacks
—nay, the very facts that they"claim and have
any fights—are utterly ignored in this call. The
Randall call affirms that
this Randall Convention as fully entitled to work
their wicked will on the large majority, whereof
the whites have vot^4 for peace aud; the Union
wherever they durst, while the blacks an? utter
ly' ignored and suppressed. If the disfranchised'
majority of devoted Unionists in several Steles
were to send delegates to the Johnson Union
Convention they would, he simply kicked out; or
rather, would be kicked at the door fojf presum
ing to offer to go in. Right well do Messrs. Ran
dall ifr Co.,TinaerstaDd this; they ferronly in im
agining that the people will not understand it.
"Messrs. Randall & Co. tell us that they affirm
and uphold “ The right of each State to order
and control its own domestic concerns according
to its own judgment exclusively, subject only to
the Constitution;!’ affd that any “ overthrow^ of
that system ” would be “ destructive of liberty.”
They also assert, with regard to suffrage, that
“No extended power rightfully can or ought to
dictate, control or influence the free and volun
tary action ot the State in-the exercise of this
right.”
So far, they are in perfect accord with Valan-
digliam, Yoorhees, Jaick Rogers, Clymer, Ben
Harris & Co., and we elearly comprehend them.
Not so, when they tarn ashort corner, and as
sert tiiat “Slavery is abolished, and neither can
or ought to be re-established in any State or Ter
ritory within our jurisdiction.”'
Why not ? You kno%, Messieurs, that the rebel
States—that, is to say,*their whites, to whom you
restrict political power—never did- freely and
heartity consent to abolish slavery—that their
action in the premises ^was dictated, controlled,
commanded by “external pcvwer”—and is, of
course, according to your proclaimed principles,
rightfully invalid and! null. The anti-slavery
amendment is no part of the Federal Constitu
tion, if your principled are soimd, but an excre-
sence—an imposition-^a product of usurpation
preying on helplessness You know this as well
as we do; and you w ill yet be voting to pay the
rebe s for their slaves in order to cure what, ac
cording to your programme, is a fatal flaw in the
title of the emancipated to their freedom.
Let it be distinctly understood on all hands
that this Jolinson-Randall convention is a blow
aimed with deadly intent at the integrity and
ascendancy ot the Union party. It means de
feat this fall to Governor Fenton, to General
Geary, and to the Union tickets in Ohio, Indiana
and to their sister States. It means the restora
tion of the Jerry Blacks and Howell Cobbs to
the mastery of our country. As such it demands
the sternest, most energetic resistance.
The “ So-Called ” White Race.
Senator Sumner will soon, if he does not
already, doubt his own identity. In one of the
bills which he recently introduced into the Uni
ted States Senate, he evldenly doubts the exist
ence of the white race. We quote a section of
the hiil: I .7
Section 5. That any .-citizen who has been a
slave, or is the descendant of a slave, or who
does not belong to the so-called white race, that
may hereafter be unlawfully deprived of his vote
by any person, may maintain liis suit, or suits,
and recover damages ot any such person, in any
district court of the United States for the district
in which such person may be found.
Is the man "daft?" Does he dispute the ex
istence of races among men? Is he, himself,
only “ called," and not a white man, or of the
white race ? Yerily, either “ too much learning
has made him mad,” or liis brain has become
addled from some other cause., Probably “ Bill
Arp’s” letters have had something to do with
his use of the term “ so-called." If so, “ Mr.
Arp ” must be held responsible for the doubts of
the Massachusetts Senator.
*• Each Stitfe has the undoubted right to pre-
scribe the qualifications of its own" electors; ”
s stated that nobodv knew anvthing of the j ^ honestly the prior
■’■of Jeff Davis except Stanton, who sent vital question— Tt ho constitute the State?—
1 Me know, indeed, precisely wliat it meant—that
the intensely rebel minority of the people of
South Carolina, for instance, shall monopolize
all power in that State, and that the invincibly
It is
ironing of Jeff. Davis except
Baker down expressly to order the manacling
done.
Miss Dora Shayv. a well knowp theatrical and ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
poetical lady, was married in New Orleans re- : loyalmajority shallhave~no "power YtTaiT "but
cently. ! this barb is concealed by the bait, and the rebel
A rattlesnake, ten feet in length, was found ( minority of the people of Texas, who have just
in a gutter at New Orleans. A policeman killed 1 consolidated their power by the election of
the insect | Throckmorton & Co., are to be recognized b
The Seat ol W»r.
Pen and Ink Map of the Position of Prussia for Defense
and Attack—Importance of her Hold in Bohemia—The
Railroad Linen—The Prussian Army and its Stations,
' ifcc.
[Special Military Correspondence of London Times.]
Juterbogk, June 9,1866.
M'hoever casts a glance upon the map of Cen
tral Europe must at once observe tbe range of
mountains, which, starting from the Black For
est, passes through Germany from west to east,
separates tire basin of tbe Danube from the plaiu
through a\ liich the M’eser, the Elbe, and the Oder
glide to the German and Baltic seas, and termi
nates in the chain of the Carpathian Hills. This
range about midway divides into two branches
near the source of "the. Saale, which again join
together near the source of the M’eser, and en
close in the so-formed quadrilateral the kingdom
of Bohemia. On the north of these mountains
i purpose of concentration is evident from the fact
that there is no lateral railway communication
between- Prussian Saxony and Silesia. M ere
the Prussian, force on the Saxon frontier attack
ed, the army in Silesia must come round by Ber
lin to aid it, and to give time for this movement
a retreat by the former would be also absolutely
necessary.
THF, PRUSSIANS IN SAXONY.
Tbe Prussians in Prussian Saxony are spread
in a wide front, from the neighborhood of Gotha
to the Elbe; lliis portion of the army is under the
command of Prince Frederic Charles. The army
in Silesia is under the command of the Crown
Prince. It is reported to be concentrating in the
neighborhood of Frevburg, and there are not
wanting people to assert that an invasion of Bo
hemia is determined upon, aud that the Crown
Prince is destined to break tlie communication
of General Benedek at Prague with Vienna by
seizing the direct line ol railway at, Pardubitz.
lie the kingdoms of Saxony and Prussia; on the It must be remembered, however, that tlie fort
J OOMMUNCATEU.l
■, - - in. ,
There 'many who^1 while they respected
the purity* of his motives) 1 conscientiously con
demned the policy of Mr. Davis. But their en
mity vanished at the threshold of his prison.
There are those, however, whose course during
the existence of hostilities had a tendency to clog
the actions of the Confederate Executive, by their
persistent opposition to his administration, who
have hitherto had the good sense to smother the
ire that smouldered within them. Tlie genuine
sympathy for his unmerited misfortunes which
swelled the heart of every true man of the South,
was too sacred and patent an element to be wan
tonly assailed in the person of her honored and
worthy representative. M T ould that this respect
for public sentiment, in behalf of martyred inno
cence, had been permitted to live and be cherish
ed forever free from outrage. But alas! a pre
dominant passion cannot easily be eradicated.
It may be quenched for a time, but. like steam
compressed in weak vessels, it must find an exit
somewhere, or explode the feeble bands which
encompass it. Such an explosion occurred in
this city on the 27tli ultimo. Mr. Davis was,
of course, on hand. His many friends will be
delighted to learn that he has not suffered from
the catastrophe.
Surgeon Craven, U. S. A.—the Medical Adviser
of the great State Prisoner—has given to the world
a thrilling expose of the “Prison Life of Jefler-
son Davis” while under the pressure of Stantonic
tortures. As to whether or not the simple publi
cation of tlie book can be looked upon, at this
time as evidence sufficient to establish the valid
ity of its statements, it is not proposed just now
to express an opinion. In any event it is prema
ture, to say the least of it, to assume that his il
lustrious patient “lias taken occasion to assail
through Dr. Craven the character of” anybody.
Occasion has been taken, however, to assail the
character of the “utterly helpless” prisoner, who
now honors a casemate of Monroe. Fortunately,
that prisoner is about as pervious to tlie shame
less missiles as would have been a Gulliver to the
pigmy prickings ot a single Lilliputian.
Referring to General Jordan’s contemptible
attack on the incarcerated President, that worthy
is rebuked as follows: “But one Southern man,
and he an inconsiderable personage, bad the
heart to assail Mr. Davis’ official career at a time
when he was wholly unable to make any de
fense ;” yet in the same breath, and under pre
cisely similar circumstances tbe conduct of Mr.
Davis is assailed—thus adding one other “incon
siderable personage” to the list of those who
“have tbe heart” to pursue a course which inevita
bly tends “to humiliate and degrade him. and
through him tbe Southern people. Strange par
adox !
With his “past official record” the martyr is no
doubt well satisfied, and is free from any desire
or reason to be “purged” thereof. That record
is enough to render him immortal, notwithstand
ing it has been stated that bis “name would have
by this time seldom been heard or seen in the
newspapers, outside of his immediate neighbor
hood in 3Iississippi.” The name of Jefferson
Davis will be respected, honored and cherished
in history when a certain daily shall have been
lost in the depths of a merited oblivion. And
should he ever “utter sentiments which are cal
culated to carry the mind back to the days of dire
disaster,” let those look out whom the cap will
best fiL May the time be near at hand when the
clank of the chains he now bears for us all will
be heard no more ! Then will he rise in all liis
mighty strength and sublimity to burl confusion
amid the ranks of his aggressors. In the mea
time, this Dr. Craven’s book will go the rounds
ot the South, giving here and there some “incon
siderable personage” a chance to snap at the
heels of him “whose personal dignity, political
scholarship, classical expression, pure morals,
well poised manners,” and above all his present
“utterly helpless condition,” should excite suffi
cient depth of sympathy and ennobling pride to
disarm the voice of enmity. Had all men at the
South been as true and faithful as he, despite his
“many radical defects of character,” (?) the
cause which he so much loved, and for which he
now suffers, would to-day eclipse the splendors
of a meridian sun.
south the territories ruled by the Emperor of
Austria. Bohemia, although a dependency of.
the Austrian empire, is geographically separated
: from the valley of the'Danube, in which lie the
majority of the provinces of the Kaiser, by the.
hills of the Bohemian forest aud the mountains
of Moravia. The advanced post of Austria to
ward the north, it stands as a strong bastion
against an invasion of the empire from that di
rection* and is also a most valuable base of ope
rations from which to hurl troops against the val
leys of the Elbe or the .Oder. It was this posi
tion of Bohemia which caused the destruction of
Napoleon in 1813, when Prussia and Russia held
the Elbe, and Austria, trom Bohemia, menaced
his right flank. It he quitted his central posi
tion at Dresden to march on the Elbe, the Aus
trians issued from Bohemia aud cut off liis com
munication with the Rhine; if he advanced
against Bohemia, as soon as he passed the north
ern mountains of that province the allies de
bouched from the line of the Elbe and separated
him from France. It was a consequence of the
natural configuration of Bohemia that, after hav
ing prevented the junction of the enemies by the
victory of Dresden, the great Napoleon was sur
rounded at Leipsic.
Bohemia seems again about to play an impor
tant part in a European war. Austrian troops
are already collected there, and no one can sup
pose that the object of their concentration in that
province is immediately pacific. Beyond the
Erz-Gebirge or Mineral Mountains, and the Ris-
sen-Gebirge, or Giant Hills, which form the Bo
hemian frontier on the north, lies in the first
place the kingdom of Saxony, but beyond this
again are the southern provinces of Prussia, in
which the whole Prussian army available for
service in tlie field is now cantoned. In the
event of war, Saxony appears likely to he the
first battle-field, unless, indeed, she can manage
to maintain a neutrality, which at present she ap
pears not to desire. But in a life and death strug
gle between the two great German powers, it is
impossible that the theatre of war can be re
stricted to one tiny kingdom. It is much more
probable that it will extend nearly throughout
the district which is bounded on the north and
south by the sea and the Danube, on the east and
west by tiie Vistula and the Weser.
This is a district not unacquainted with war.
After tlie last attempt to overthrow an estab
lished monarchy in England, it was the scene of
that seven years’ strife, through whose baptism
of blood Prussia advanced into the hierarchy of
tlie great powers of Europe. It was repeatedly
trodden under foot by the conquering legions of
the first Emperor of the French, and it was in
its very centre that the battle was fought which
led to the first overthrow of his power. Its wide
extent is inhabited by two distinct races, and is
the seat of two antagonistic creeds. The Teu
tonic race occupies the North, and its religion is
Protestant; the Slavonic blood predominates in
the South, owns the Catholic faith, and politi
cally is under the sway of the Kaiser.
The basin of the Elbe is the central geograph
ical division of Germany. This basin is divided
into two; that of the "upper Elbe forms a pla
teau surrounded by mountains, and is the king
dom of Bohemia; that of the lower contains
Saxony and tbe central provinces of Prussia.—
The upper basin is in general ill cultivated, and
has few internal resources. It possesses, how
ever, immense forests, considerable iron mines,
and breeds horses which are valuable in war. Its
roads are few, mountainous and bad; but it is a
country easily defensible, tor its forests, moun
tains and rivers present at every point obstacles
to an invading army. The lower basin of this
river is, on the other hand, a country of plaiu
marshes and small lakes; not very fertile, but
well cultivated, thickly populated, and opened
up by a multitude of roads. The Elbe, entering
it from a close defile between the mountains of
Northern Bohemia, runs through its whole
length, passing by the fortress of Konigsteiu,
Dresden, the capital of Saxony, and the fortified
town of M’irtenberg. This river within Prus
sian territory, supported by tlie fortresses of
Torgau and Magdeburg, forms a strong line of
defense against an army advancing on Dresden,
from the M r est, but one which can easily be
turned from Bohemia.
Tlie basin of the Oder, bounded on tlie South
by the mountains which overhang Braunau,
Glatz and Troppau, contains near the sources of
the river the province ot Prussian Silesia. The
river itself forms an angle near Breslau, which
allows of its being used as a line ot defense for
tbe Eastern district of the kingdom of Prussia,
against an attack trom either the South or the
West. This line is supported by the fortresses
of Glogau, Kustrin and Stettin. The country
through which tlie Oder flows is in general flat,
marshy and wooded ; the land is fertile only in
pasture, but it is well cultivated, and inhabited
by ail active and industrious population.
The basin of tbe Weser, in which lies the wes
tern portion of the kingdom of Hanover, is
bounded on tlie south by the mountains of the
Tliuriugian Forest and the Hartz, and is in gen
eral sandy and covered with thickets; its princi
pal riches are flocks and herds. The Danube,
the southernmost of the tour rivers which appear
likely to be introduced into the theatre of a Avar
in Central German}', runs through a plain which
lies on tlie southern side of the Bohemian and
Moravian mountains. It does not appear proba
ble that a war which arose on the Elbe ivould
penetrate into this region, unless the enemy of
Austria ivas so poiverful as to be able to crush
her armies, aud actually invade her capital; but
it is from Vienna, situated in tbe valley formed
by this stream, that her troops must be supplied,
aud that in former campaigns her generals have
been usually directed.
THE RAILROADS.
There can be no donbt that, in all future wars
in civilized countries, tbe lines of railways will
direct tbe routes pursued by armies either advan
cing or in retreat; for, although the actual com
batant troops may not be moved by rail, tbe fa
cilities which the mode ot conveyance affords
for the transportation of stores and war material
will necessitate its adoption.
Four main lines of railroad lead from Vienna
to the Prussian frontier.
1. On the east, from Vienna by Leudenburg
and Prerou to Oderburg, on the Silesian frontier.
2. Bv Leudenburg, Triebitz, Pardubitz, and
Koniggrantz to Zitau, on the Saxon frontier.
An auxiliary line connects ’Leudenburg and
Triebitz.
3. From Vienna, by Passau, Regensburg and
Prague, to Dresden and the valley of the Elbe.
These three are connected in Bohemia and
Moravia by a transverse line, which, quitting the
last mentioned line, passes through Prague, Par
dubitz and Prerau.
4. From Vienna, by Ratisbon, Eger, Plaufir
and Leipsic.
Four lines also lead from Berlin to the south
ern frontier of Prussia.
1. On the west of Berlin, Magdeburg and Halle
to Leipsic.
2. By Juterbogk to Reisa.
These two are connected by transverse lines
between Juterbogk, Wittenberg and Halle, and
Juterbogk, Wittenberg and Kotlien.
3. By Hansdorf and Gorlitz.
4. By Posen and Lissa and Silesia.
The last two in Silesia form a perfect network
of branches; which render this province pecu
liarly favorable for military movements.
I In the kingdom of Saxony all these lines meet,
i either directly or by means of branches, so that
i this kingdom appears to be an excellent central
I position for either attack or defense, and will give
■ a great advantage to that side to which it may at
tach itself, or by which it may be first occupied,
i Should the Austrians be admitted into or seize
Saxony, the lateral lines in that country will give
j such an advantage that the Prussian army on the
Saxon frontier will almost inevitably be obliged
! to fall back as far as the junction of Juterbogk,
! in order to effect its concentration with the army
in Sliesia, and in this case it is not improbable
that the first battle of the campaign may be fought
here, where the nature of the ground is admira-
| bly adapted for a battle field.
That a retreat of the Prussian army from the
I mmediate frontier would be necessary for the
resses ot Ivoniggratz aud Josephstadt stand in
the way* of a Prussian army issuing through the
mountains against Pardubitz; that it, as is almost
more thau suspected, Saxony is inclined to side
against Prussia, and admit Austrian troops into
her territory, General Benedek might press
Prince Fredric Charles hard, and even push him
back to Berlin, before the Crown Prince could
reach the line of the Austrian communication*.
Nor, if the communications with Vienna by that
lfue \vere broken, would the blow be fatal to the
Austrian commander. He would still be able
to shift his lines to the railway which runs through
Linz, and might, with superior forces, urge Prince
Frederic Charles to the very gates of Berlin be
fore the Crown Prince could come ivith his
army to the help of the Prussians.
The extreme corner of Silesia beyond Oppclin
is not held by tlie Prussian troops. The reason
of this is, that any corps placed in that part of
the province would inevitably be cut off" and sur
rounded by the Austrians, were the latter to ad
vance through the Riesen Gebirge ; and suen an
advance, in case of Austria assuming the offen
sive, is quite possible, for they would willingly
press the Prussian left, roll it up on the Elbe,
and thus at the same time turn the lines of the
Oder and the Elbe, and cut the Prussians off
from the Eastern provinces of the kingdom. If,
however, Saxony were to declare for Austria, it
is extremely probable that tlie vicinity ot tlie
Prussian capita! would tempt the Austrian gen
eral to make an advance doivn the Elbe upon
that town. Should their advance he successful,
there could be little chance for the Prussian army
except to withdraw behind the Oder and make
that river the base of its operation for a fresh
campaign.
It lias been reported lately in Berlin that the
Prussian Government lias been in treaty Avith
the Duke ot Altenburg, Avitli the object of gain
ing that duchy as a base ot offensive operations,
against Southern Saxony. Whether there have
been any negotiations on the subject no one can
tell; but it appears extremely improbable that
Altenburg should be chosen as a base of opera
tions Avlien a small corps issuing from Leipsic
could cut off tlie communications of any troops
there from Berlin. Should there have been ne
gotiations on the subject of Altenburg, it is much
more probable that they were instituted with tlie
intention of placing there a corps d'armee to pre
vent an offensive attack from Saxony against tlie
Rhine provinces of Prussia, aud to keep an eye
on the SouthAvestern members of the Germanic
Confederation ; for the open hostility of these to
the government at Berlin is fully anticipated.
Altenburg has also been spoken of much for
the last tAvo or three days for another reason.
The cholera has made its appearance there, and,
as this tOAvn is not far from the right flank of the
Prussian army in the field, it is to be feared this
dreadful scourge of armies will not long be ab
sent from the cantonments. All precautions are
being taken against it, and, if it should appear,
tlie medical officers will not be found sleeping at
their posts. The Prussians, even Avith the chance
of cholera, are, according to all accounts, much
better off than their possible adversaries. Aus
trian deserters, of whom many have already
come over to tlie Silesian army, declare that they
have neither food, clothing, nor pay, and that ty
phus fever has already laid a heavy hand upon
the Kaiser’s troops. Deserters do not generally
give a favorable account of tlie ranks they liaA’e
quitted, and these stories may doubtless be exag
gerated, but there is probably a good deal of foun
dation for tlieir reports. Sickness, unfortunately,
has not been absent from the Prussian lines; one
thousand sick soldiers have already been sent
back from the front to Berlin, and it is stated on
no mean authority, that the Joss of the army by
illness reduces the effective men at the present
time one per cent, a day.
OTHER POSITIONS.
The Prussian army in the field, as I have al
ready said, is cantoned on the frontier of Sax
ony "and in Prussian Silesia. There are, how
ever, two important detachments, or rather aux
iliary corps, in other positions. One ot these is
a corps of thirteen thousand men concentrated
at Minden, on the southern frontier of Hanover.
This body of troops is intended to watch the
proceedings of Hanover, avIio lias already given
symptoms of an inclination to arm, but with the
intention of placing her armaments at the dis
posal of Prussia. The second is the Prussian
contingent force in the Elbe duchies. Until a
few days ago this contingent force consisted of
thirteen thousand men; but Avlien it was judged
necessary that Prussia should enter Holstein, six
thousand men Avere conveyed from Berlin in one
night to Lunenburg. These entered Holstein on
the south, Avliile General Manteuffel, with a por
tion of his original contingent, marched into the
duchy on the north. Tlie Austian General Ga-
bleuz could but fall back under protest before
this superior force.
Fron> the Nashville Banner.
General Forrest—Oil-hand Notions and
Personal Recollections of the ‘‘Wizard
of the Saddle.
I. FIRST IMPRESSIONS OF FORREST.
Riding down the Murfree sboro road, (a party
bound upon a “rampage,” five or six in all,) Ave
met a cavarly officer near the village of Laver-
gne, avIio baited us without ceremony, and de
manded who we were and Avliither we might
be going. He wore no badge of rank. His
clothing Avas coarse and soiled, consisting chiefly
of a sombrero, with a rattlesnake band coilld
around it, and a pair of huge boots that extended
above liis knees. But his horse Avas a through-
bred, and liis saddle-mountings Avere unusually
rich and curious. As I remembet him now,
there avhs not a gray hair in his head ; his beard
was full, floAving and black ; bis features were
defined Avitli precision ; an aquiline nose, a broad
forehead, high cheek-bones, thin, firmly-set lips,
bright gray-brown eyes, and a complexion some
where between oliA’e and amber. lie looked to
be six feet in bight, alid might have Aveighed
tAvo hundred pounds. His voice Avas sharp, his
gestures threatening, and his whole expression
uncouth.
“You youngsters’ll gityerselves captured,” said
he; “an r besides, I’m ordered by Johnston to
turn every body back. Tlie Y ankees is got into
Nashville, and’ll have out pickets on every turn
pike by this time. So it’s no use tryn’ it on.”
M e made many promises of discretion, and
after showing our permit from army head-quar
ters, he interposed no further objection, and we
parted company, he proceeding in the direction
of Murfreesboro, and the rest of us taking across
the country toward BrentAvood.
There Avas something impressiA’e about the
stranger, and he became the topic of conversa
tion for a time as avc rode along. Only one of
the party, an artillerist trom M'est Tennessee,
knew him, and he entertained us with a lively,
and, as future events disclosed, a very accurate
account of liis character. His name, said our
artillerist, is Forrest His business had been
that of a speculator in lands, in negroes, horses,
in cotton, and in fact ill every thing which was
likely to prove lucrative. lie made liis home
in Memphis and partly ou a plantation in Missis
sippi ; but lie was a native of Middle Tennessee,
and the son of a poor blacksmith. A peculiar
good fortune had thus far kept him constant
company; every thing that he touched was
successful: although he seldom gamed, he never
left a race-course or a card table a loser. He
Avas a quiet aud peaceable man iu his habits, but
a dangerous one to meddle with—a man of few
words. At present he ay as in command of a
squadron of cavalry, and liad just cut his way
out of Donelsou, having refused to surrender
Avith the rest. In addition to these particulars,
our companion gaA'e us several characteristic
anecdotes, and concluded as follows: “We
have nobodv to match him unless it be John
Morgan, anil if he lives lie will make his mark.”
II. GENERAL JOE JOHNSTON S OPINION.
Six months later he confirmed the prediction.
Crossing the mountains from Chattauooga with
a compact column, he sivept doAvn like a Hash of
lightning upon the garrison at Murfreesboro,
surprised and captured it, tore up a net-Avork ot
railways, and retraced his route before the eneni}
Avas fairly aAvakened to tbe sudden, startling and
overwhelming movement. Thenceforward his
career embraced a succession of achievements
Avliich raised him first in the popular estimation.
I suggested him to General Joe Johnston about
this time as the best of our cavalry men. Gen
eral Johnston doubted it. “Forrest appears,”
said he, “to be a brave and energetic felloAv, who
has had some advantages and made good use of
them.” In 1864, however, he reversed his opin
ion. Referring to the conversation, he remarked,
“I tell you now that there are not many men in
the world who can do what Forrest "lias just,
done at Tisihmingo.” On the former occasion
he had entertained a belief, shared by many
others of eaual discernment, that the “coining
man” in the cavalry, service was Colonel Basil
Duke; but during the latter part of the struggle
he did not. hesitate to .declare that Forrest had
no equal in any department.
FORREST IN ACTION.
Iu action Forrest was a dare-devil. He re
alized the necessity, Especially to tlie cavalry
service, of setting a personal example, and lie •
did it on ev’ery occasion, dashing about the field
from point ,to point, whipping up the laggards
with his’ saber, and often’leading the column
upon a charge. CoArardice bn the part of the
obscurest private seemed to put. him in a frenzy;
and he never forgave it in an officer. At the
time that he met the retreating torces, routed
from Lavergne, in September, 1862, *just out ot
Murfreesboro, he fairly foamed at the mouth and
raved like a madman, placing himself in tlie
center of the road and threatening to shoot the
first Avho should pass him. He was indeed
more terrible than the enemy, and thus succeed
ed in re-forming the scattered line and turning it
back before the panic became hopeless. There
Avas never, I think, a better horseman thau he,
and though he became Avan and spare by rite
constant Avear and tear of four years of fighting,
he preserved his lithe and graceful action to the
end. Although impetuous on the field, 1 can
bear tbe most positive testimony to bis discre
tion and forethought. He was as cool a man at
bottom as ever drew a blade, doing nothing
rashly, and taking only personal risk. He sel-
dom gambled with his men, if I may appropri
ate the term, unless, as he expressd it, he thought
he “had a dead thing,” Avhen, as in the case of
Colonel Straight, he played his all upon the
hazard and Avon. Yet lie was deliberate m the
formation of his plans, Avitli a rare faculty of
estimating chaces. His plans once formed, with,
each detail marked out clearly in his mind, he
lost no time in the expectation to which he
brought the terible energy and enthusiasm of his
Avhole soul. Naturally quiet Avhen at rest, like a
locomotive, he became another creature when
fired with a vehemence that was often mistaken
for recklessness.
As he swept along at the head ot a column,
his olive cheek ruddy with the light of battle,
liis eyes actually, planning with pleasurable ex-
citement, bis gray locks flying back from his
broad-brimmed hat, he could not fail to remind
tbe student of chivalry of those knights anct
warriors who bore tbe standard of Charlemagne,
or gathered in grim conviviality with Arthur by
the Table Round. I do not think I am making
to myself a fancy sketch. Forrest was certainly
a man to be picked out of a thousand in repose;
but in action he was matchless. Morgan may
have been a more accomplished cavalier; Sheri
dan a more model dragoon ; Kilpatrick, Wharton
and Stewart better suited to the effeminate ideal.
I do not doubt that young Dahlgren Avas a fear
less boy, and I know that Wheeler was a very
Orlando. Yet Forrest Avas all of these and more,
and might have commanded an army as well as
he commanded in rapid succession a squadron,
a regiment, a brigade, a division, a corps and a
department. It is my deliberate conviction that,
had he been selected to succeed General. John
ston in place of General Hood, tlie “ Bonnie Blue
Flag” would be waving now from San Antonio
to City Point. I do uot say it regretfully or
Tauntingly, but it was a fatal misfortune to the
service whose final ruin he retarded, that his
great genius was not discovered before it was too
late for it to avert the result which the incompe
tency of some and the corruption of others was
bringing to a sure and fatal end.
Remarkable Discovery.
A SECOND ROSETTA STONE.
Almost everybody who reads has heard of the
famous Rosetta Stone. It was found, over half
a century ago, near Rosetta, a toivn on one of the
mouths of the Nile. It was an ancient sculptur
ed monument, containing an inscription in Egyp
tian hieroglyphics, and beneath it a translation
in Greek. Its value may be readily guessed
when we state that the erudite world had long
before given up any hope of reading the hiero-
glyphical writing of the old Egyptian. All along
the Nile, on temples and in tombs, existed a mass
of inscriptions in this character, but they are to
be learned like a sealed book. It Avas, indeed,
provoking. Here were, without any doubt, treas
ures of historical information which would throw
abundant light on the early ages of one of the
most venerable nations of the eartli. But nobody
could decipher the language in Avliich they were
concealed. At last tlie Rosetta Stone afforded a
clue to the mystery. It did not look very hope
ful at first, for the whole stone Avas not very
large, and contained but a very few lines. But
men of patient research, like Chanipollion in
France, and Young in England, set themselves
to the task. With the aid of the Greek transla
tion they managed to revivify the old Egyptian
language, to study out the system by which its
hieroglyphics were arranged, and to ascertain
and classify its grammatical peculiarities. The
temples and the tomhs then began to yield up
their secrets, and Egyptian history and Egyptian
chronology became something more than mere
guess work. But the result was yet very unsatis
factory. The characters on the Rosetta Stone
had been so few that when other hieroglyphics
were encountered there was considerable doubt
as to their meaning. This led to several dis
putes among Egyptologists, for nobody could be
absolutely certain that errors might not have
crept into the linguistic system which had been
with such infinite patience built up on the basis
of the brief Rosetta Stone inscriptions.
Happily further aid has now been obtained.—
At the Egyptian town ot Port Said are some an
cient ruins, Avhich once formed the foundations
of edifices of a considerable size. These remains
are now, however, in such a slate of utter decay,
that little attention has hitherto been given to
them by the authorities. Some few weeks back
a portion of this debris gave way. One of tbe
French engineers engaged in the construction ot
the Suez canal chanced, some days later, to pass
by it, and noticed the corner of a slab projecting
from the ruined pile, upon which a portion oi a
Greek inscription was visible. Very fortunately
the Prussian Lepsius, one of the foremost Egyp
tian scholars of the day, happened to be in the
country. He Avas at once informed of the dis
covery, and hastened to the spot. Laborers
were employed under his directions to clear away
the surrounding rubbish, and it was very soon
found that a prize of far greater value than tlie
Rosetta Stone had come to light. It was a bi
lingual inscription,of which the Egyptian original
comprised no less than thirty-seven fines of con
siderable length, Avhile the Greek translation
numbered seventy-six fines. It is evident Hoav
important these two texts, every Avord of ’.fiich
is perfectly legible from beginning to end/ must
be for liieroglypliical studies. They contain
many of the very characters, tbe signification of
which has been so much debated. Nor are the
contents of the inscription itself less interesting.
It is a decree of the Egyptian Assembly of
Priests, dated in the ninth year of the reign of
King Euergetes the First. The priests of Egypt
came together at that time, as the inscription
states, to celebrate the birthday of the monarch.
His good deeds are first of all enumerated, among
them the merit of having recovered, in a military
expedition, the sacred images carried off in for
mer times by the Persians. Great honors are
then decreed him as a reward for his services.
One of these is a feast to be celebrated in honor
of the King and Queen on the first day of tlie
year. The decree finally closes with the allusion
to the place to be held by this festival, which
completely explains the method ot reckoning
the months of the old Egyptian year, concerning
Avliich modem writers have greatly differed. It
is needless to add that this valuable relic of the
past is to be immediately made public. Lepsius,
at last accounts, was about returning to Berlin •
for the purpose of preparing lor the press a Ayork
containing accurate copies of both inscription^
It will be impatiently awaited by men ot letters,
tor so remarkable a literary discovery has not
been made for many years,
The coffin which contains the mortal remains
of Gustave IH., requiring repair, was recently
opened in presence of the King and Queen of
I Sweden; the face of the deceased was found to
be in perfect preservation.
I The mother of Senator Sumner died in Bos-
I ton, on Saturday, at the age of 81.
