Newspaper Page Text
Orouule <& Sentinel.
WEDNESDAY MOBNIN6, JUNI 80.
Judge Fleming’s Letter.
In another column will be found a letter
Irom Judge Fleming, late Judge of the
Superior Courts for the Eastern Circuit.
Judge Fleming ranks among the very
ablest jurists of the South. He has never
been a politician or a partisan, but has de
voted his long life to the study of the law.
11 is opinion, therefore, will have great weight
with the people of the State. They have
entire confidence in his purity and patriot
ism, and know that he is in every sense
of the term one of Georgia’s noblest sons.
It will be seen that the Judge takes the
same view of the question which this pa
per has in previous issues attempted to ex
pound. Let every true man in the State
consider well the great truths which the
letter conveys.
Judge Canlnlss’ Argument.
To the exclusion of our usual variety,
we give a large portion of our paper this
morning to the able argument of Judge
Cabin Us, in the Chancelly case.
Although the decision in this case was
made nearly or quite a year ago, the great
principle involved has been invested with
new interest since the publication of the
opinion of Judge McCay in the recent test
case of White, the negro Cleik of Chat
ham Superior Court.
Indian Springs.
This x>opular resort is again attracting a
large crowd of invalids and of pleasure
seekers. We learn that there is at present
a “full house” at our friends, “the Col
lins’ ” most popular and accommodating
hotel.
We see in the MacOn papers that the
railroads and owners of the stage lines from
Forsyth to the Springs, have agreed to
take parties to and from the Springs for
one fare. This is a movo in the right
direction, and will secure a large compa
ny at the Springs through the entire
season.
We have been visiting these Springs for
nearly twenty years, and have no hesita
tion in pronouncing the water most effica
cious in most of the diseases incident to our
climate. There is no reason why Geor
gians should go to Virginia and Saratoga
for health, when wo have better water, aB
good (are, as pleasant and attractive com
pany, and as clever hosts in our own State.
Can't the/ieorgia and Milledgeville rail
roads respond to the action of the Central
and Macon and Western Roads, and sell to
parties from this portion of the State,
tickets to and from the Springs over their
lines at one fare. What say you, Mr.
Superintendent Johnson ? “We pause for
a reply.’’
Death orMaJorP. tl. Pendleton.
The South Georgia Times comes to us
draped in mourning for the death of its
late Editor and proprietor, Major Phillip
C. Pendleton, who was recently thrown
Iron his buggy, receiving injuries from
which he lingered until the 19th inst.,
when his spirit took its flight to another
and better world.
We have known Major P. long and
well. Wo have watched him when pros
perity smiled, and when adversity frowned
upon him, and in every instanoe and un
der all circumstances we have found him
faithful, true, honest, upright and gener
ous. W e have been proud to number him
among our friends, and sincerely mourn
his sad and untimely fate. Our warmest
sympathies go out to his bereaved wife and
sorrowful children under this afflicting dis
pensation.
The Kail Klcetions in the (treat States—
Ohio and Pennsylvania.
P...tli parties are actively engaged in
Pennsylvania in arranging plans for the
Gubernatorial campaign in the fall.
Tho Radicals seem to be involved in
much perplexity and doubt, not only as to
the mau, but also as to a platform, upon
which the race should bo made. Geary,
the present incumbent., is said to be not
only unpopular in his own party, but a
weak man out of it. The leaders seem to
concede t hat the chances arc now decidedly
in favor of Democratic success, and hence
much manaeuvreing and party caucusing is
going on, looking to the introduction of
not only anew man but new issues.
The issue made by Sumner’s speech upon
the Stanley-Johnson treaty is urged by
Forney and othors as the meat available
question which can be raised by the party.
They hope, by making bellicose demands
on Kngland, to entrap a large number of
Irishmen, and secure their support of the
Republican candidates, Already a few
Irishmen of little or no standing in Phila
delphia have been purchased, and induced
to issue an address to their Irish breth
ren, advising tlio latter that hearty co-op
eration with the Radical party will secure
an opportunity to avenge their wrongs on
the British Government.
As far as we have been able to judge,
the attempt to array the Irish population
against the Democratic party has fallen
still-born upon the great mass of Irishmen
in that State.
The Radicals have other difficulties to
contend with in their own immediate party
organization. There are quite a number
of aspirants for the Governor’s nomination
-and one ambitious gentleman, a General
Thomas—has already announce* himself
as an independent candidate.
The Democrats are said to be thorough
ly organized and, so far, quite harmonious.
The name of General Hancock has been
suggested as a suitable candidate, and if
he will consent to run there will be little
doubt of his triumphant election.
Iu Ohio the plans of the campaign are
not yet fully developed by either party,
but the Democrats seem perfectly sure of
success if they do not make a fatal blunder
in their candidate. The Cincinnati En
>)Hirer of a late date says that the friends
of General Roseorans will urge his name
in the nominating convention, and, it is
said, that he will not only be able to con
trol the entire strength of his own party
but, in addition to that, he will secure
a large vote from the more moderate Re
publicans.
We are well assured that if the Ohio
Democrats act with ordinary prudence in
making their selections for candidates that
they will swqep the State with a very
handsome majority.
Sound Views.
The Savannah Republican, in reply to
an intimation in this paper that it had not
taken a decided position in relation to the
effect of the Supreme Court decision upon
the status of those negroes who have al
ready been declared ineligible to seats in
the Legislature, gives utterance to the fol
lowing sound conservative sentiments
which we commend to the careful perusal of
our readers:
' \V hether the Legislature is bound, since
the decision of the Supreme Court declar
ing negroes eligible to office, to reverse its
peculiar power under the Constitution, and
reinstate the expelled members of the pres
ent Legislature, is a question ot law —an
entirely new one—and we do not consider
it our duty to determine it. The arguments
that have appeared in support of the nega
tive side of the proposition appear to us to
possess great force, and we cannot see that
they conflict with the position of the Su
preme Court. Should the present Legis
lature take that view of the question and
refuse to reseat the negro members, it will
be no evidence that the same Legislature
would not promptly admit negro members
at any future session.
The public should keep this distinction
steadily in view and avoid an error that
would naturally arise upon a complication
of two independent propositions, A re
jection of the colored applicants, should
they come forward when the present Legis
lature shall again convene, on the ground
that the question is res already
disposed of—will not he in conflict with the
decision of the Supreme Court, or incon
sistent with a bona tide intention on the
part of the Legislature to respect it as law
for themselves. . .
“Upon the genera] proposition to, regard
the decision of the Supreme Court upon
the question of eligibity as binding upon
the Legislature, notwithstanding they are
made exclusive judges of the election
and qualifications of members—in other
words, that while judges they must render
their judgments in subordination to law—
we apprehend there is but little difference
of opinion among the intelligent men of the
State.’’
Ihe •larrenton Troubles.
Wc published yesterday, I'rurn the New
Voi k Tribune, a letter from Atlanta, pur
posing to give a detailed account of the
recent troubles in Warren county. The
article bears the ear-marks of one of
Booby Bullock’s understrappers, and was
evidently worked up from materials fur
nished by the scalawag, Chap Norris.
Our object in publishing it is to show to
the good people of Warren, and of other
coantics, the outrageous falsehoods man
ufactured by Booby Bullock and
his underliDgs and hirelings for
the purpose of working up another
case for Radical- consumption and
Congressional interference. Some of the
most law-abiding and worthy citizens of
Warren are maligned and misrepresented
without any regard to decency or truth. The
entire letter is a tissue of falsehoods from
beginning to end, and shows to what des
perate expedients Bullocx and his infam
ous clique are driven to uphold their rot
ten, sinking party. We have published
from time to time a truthful narrative of
the various causes which culminated in the
Warren disturbances, and in every in-
stance the origin of each has been proven
to be of a personal and not of a political
character —traceable first to the insolence of
scalawags and carpet-baggers, but mainly
to the infernal machinations of the so
called Governor and his party.
It would be an easy matter
to take up in detail the mlmerous
lies of the Tribunes Atlanta correspondent
and to convince even an impartial North
ern Radical of their total absence of truth;
but were we to undertake to refute every
falsehood ol Bullock and his incendiaries,
it would avail us little. It would be a
waste of labor. The Tribune and the other
Radical papers which give currency to
these calumnies never give a hearing
to our version, and as our own
people know them to be manufac
factur.-d out of whole cloth for partisan
purposes,we simply content ourselves with
denouncing the author of the Atlanta
letter to the Tribune as an incendiary and
falsifier. Until our political status be
comes more definitely understood and re
cognized by Congress, our people must
bear their wrongs patiently as they have
done and await the earning of better times.
Patience is a great virtue and the people of
Georgia are now called upon to exercise
more than is generally exacted of human
nature. However, our people have ex
hibited more than their share heretofore,
and we are confident that they will perse
vere unto the end, or at least until the
State is freed from the ban of Congres
sional interference.
Bonk Notices.
The Life op Washington (Illustrated),
giving an account of bis early Adventures
and Enterprise, his Magnanimity and
Patriotism, his Revolutionary Career, his
Presidential Life and his final Decease.
By Hon. J. T. Headley. Social Circle,
Geo.: Published by E. Nebhut. 1869.
Wc have received from the publisher a
copy of the work bearing the above title.
The volume is a handsomely bound and
printed book ol more than five hundred pages
and is illustrated with several fine steel en
gravings and numerous wood cuts, descrip
tive of the most notable scenes and inci
dents in tho life of the subject of the bi
ography. Mr, Headley, the author of the
volume, is well known in the Republic of
Letters as the writer of those two popular
and iii-eiriating books of biography, or,
rather, of biographical sketches —“ Na
poleon and his Marshals” and “Washing
ton and his Generals”—and his “Life of
Washington," which we have .before us,
will, we think, be found to possess all the
attractions and contain all the demerits
which are the characteristics (of its prede
cessors. Mr. Headley, a man of undoubt
ed talent and remarkable imaginative'
powers, succeeds in making all the subjects
of his pen so vividly life-like and natural
that his works lack the dryness and tedi
ousness which generally accompany his
torical biography and possess, instead, the
fascinations of romances. On this account
his works have been and always will be
very popular with a certain class of
readois. But with anolher class,
those who are not willing to sacrifice
correctness and truth to what is termed
“fine writiog,” the author of the “Life of
Washington” will not be so great a favor
ite. Like James Parton, John S. C. Ab
bott aud the other biographers of that
school, Mr. Headley is an ardent hero
worshipper ; his eye never observes, or
his pen never notes a single flaw in the
character of the hero for the time being,
whose history lie pretends to write. In
fact he writes not biography but panegyric.
That this fault appears in the present
volume and detracts much from its value
there can be no doubt; but, we will do the
author the justice to say that less of it is
to be found in it than in his other works.
We do not believe that the book will ever
be of much value to the future historian
or student of history, but think it will be
found the most popular litp of the great
Pater Patriot, among the mass of readers
that has as yet been published. The story
of the life of George Washington is treated
in an entirely new and very entertaining
manner; and, though the path is one
which has been travelled by many writers,
one of whom, Irying, was the greatest
author that America has -ever produced.
Mr. Headly has had access to information
which has enabled him to publish many
interesting facts which do not appear in
other biographies, and by his splendid de
scriptive powers and eloquent language
has created a work which, lrom the time
of its first issue, ten years ago, has been a
great success.
The work is published and sold by Mr,
E. Nebhut, of Social Circle, Georgia.
The Present and Future of Southern
Cotton Production.
It is now generally admitted (says the
New Orleans Commercial Bulletin ) by the
most experienced observers, that the ag
gregate breadth of land devoted in the
South to the cultivation of cotton the
present year, is something short of what
it was last year. This does not result from
a less inclination on the part of planters to
produce cotton, or to less capital at their
command to assist in producing it. On
the contrary, thanks to the remunerative
results of their last year’s operations, they
were in an improved financial condition
and an eager mood of mind, such as would
unquestionably have led them to under
take to plant more largely of cotton, but
lor the interposition of a single difficulty,
that of procuring an adequate suoply of
labor. It is interesting to explain, and
important to understand, the precise na
ture of this difficulty ; and the stubborn
fact in which it has its root cannot be too
often or too vivialy impressed on the com
mercial mind.
If cotton planters in general did well in
186S, theeolored employees in general pros
pered in an equal measure; and, relatively
to their needs and expenses, perhaps in a
still larger measure. In proportion as
their pecuniary condition was bettered
they were indisposed to hire themselves as
field laborers, and ambitious to set up
farms of their own, on whieh little or no
cotton would be grown, or to engage in
some business requiring the least amount
of hard work. Some went so far as to
dream of an indefinite vacation from labor
of any sort, a period in which they would
abandon themselves to a delicious insou
ciance in a life of independent leisure.
Here is the secret of the stringency of the
labor market whieh was experienced by
planters in preparing for the operations of
the present year; and here is the principal
reason why it would be rash to expect the
growing cotton crop to exceed,or to reckon
with absolute confidence on its equaling
the preceding crop. And, in the nature
of things, this shrinkage of agricultural
labor, at about the same rate, must go on
from year to year as long as the bulk of
this is confined to the freedman popula
tion. It is true that Chinese laborers may
gradually fill up the place in Southern
agriculture vacated by the freedmen ; it is
equally true that white labor, either native
or immigrant, may succeed at length, by
close and scientific ullage, in making, from
much smaller surface, a great deal more
oottou than is now produced.’
But these are remote contingencies which
eionot be counted by factors in determin
ing the actual conditions of Soutlicrn cot
ton production and the immediate prospect
of the cotton market as it may be affected
by those conditions. For present purposes
of commercial calculations, it is safe to as
sume that the crop of last year touched the
highest tidal mark of production in the
pending industrial situation, and that the
crop of the year canDOt possibly exceed it,
and will probably fall below it.
And, on the other hand, it would be quite
absurd to construe the state of things above
indicated as signifying an absolute limita
tion to the growth of American cotton in
the impending ,uture. The passimist view
of the matter is usually the unsoundest and
most pernicious of all. The opinion that
the magnificent cotton belt of the South is
gradually to sink into insignificance with
reference to the production of this great
staple, is no exception to the remark. The
waste of war, in spite of many needless ob
structions, clear beads, stout and hopeful
hearts, and skillful and diligent hands are
gradually and sorely repairing; railroads
will soon be traversing.the South in every
direction, leaving no productive region,
however interior or remote,, without speedy
; access to market; and eventually the neod
! ful labor, attracted by assurance of profit,
I and facilitated by abundant and rapid
: means of transportation, will be had.
—One Fare to the Indian Springs.
We take pleasure in stating that we are
authorized to announce that the Georgia
| Railroad will pass passengers to the Indian
1 Springs and return for one fare —that is,
j lull fare is paid to go but you return free.
* This is a liberal arrangement and we have
no doubt that many of our citizens wilt
j avail themselves of it to visit so pleasant a
j Summer resort.
lion. A. H. Stephens.
We regret to learn, by a letter from aj
gentleman of Mr. Stephens’ household, j
that the health of the great statesman,
for the last four or five days, has been
quite bad. A severe billious disorder has j
induced a return of the painful symptoms
from which he has suffered so much lately,
growing out of the injury sustained by the j
falling upon him of a heavy gate.
We trust that in a few days he will be
restored to his usual health.
Grant and his African Minister.
The New York World refers in a tone of
ridicule to the tribulations in which the
President has managed to involve himself
since he came into office. Recapitulates
the late inflictions he has been compelled
to bear from the Boston people, and says
they are slight annoyances oompared with
the dilemma he will find awaiting him on
his return to Washington about his ap
pointment of black Mr. Bassett to Hayti.
It says Bassett was appointed under the im
pression that*he would gratify his Radical
friends, or at least stop their mouths by
putting their principles into practice ; and
thinks that there was a practical justice in
sending a Bassett to a Salnave. But it
seems that the white 'attaches and white
counsels over whom Bassett has been sent
to preside will decline to take his orders,
and it will therefore be necessary for the
President to remove them all and supply
colored substitutes, as was the practice of
the patriots of Massachusetts during tho
war. It sees no- reason to repine at this,
for though the number of persons to bo ap
pointed is net great, it must be greater
than the number of Radical negroes who
know how to read and write. But, all this
accomplished, the World thinks his
troubles will only have begun ; for iho of
ficers of the navy whose necessities take
them to Port au Prince, are imbued with
what Mr. Sumner calls the accursed spirit
of caste, and will not (recognize the exist
ence of the black and blighted Bassett,
and therefore it will be necessary for the
West India squadron to be supplied with
black officers. It thinks Borie will be fully
equal to his task. And here comes an
other complication. Tho United States
Minister is the ranking member of the
Diplomatic Corps residing near the Court
of Salnave, and the European members of
this corps are poor whites who will object
to serving with any subordination to a ne
gro, and hence European Governments
must remove mutinous Caucasians and
supply their places with Congoes. But
the end is not yet reached. For, says the
World, Salnave himself objects to the mis
sion of colored citizens to him. It says :
“It is most absurd on the part of Salnave,
but it cannot be helped. Here is indeed a
modus. Wo cannot, we will not, we must
not give up our black Bassett. We must,
therefore, in defence of our great principle,
depose Salnave and putin one of his com
petitors who will bemore amenable to the
claims of justice. We might, indeed,
bribe Salnave with anew red shirt to fore
go his opposition, and take the obnoxious
Bassett to his bosom. But we leave it to
Senator Sumner whether it would not der
ogate from our dignity as a great nation
thus to sue as for a favor for what we
ought to demand as a right,
“What extrication is there for our poor
President from this hobble ? There is,
indeed, one course open to him, by which
he could syoid all the disagreeable conse
quences which we have pointed out as the
logical results of his present course. That
course is to recall Bassett, in defiance of
Sumner’s great principle and of the claims
of humanity, to confess that the prejudices
of the world are things which a government
can neither ignore or extirpate, and to
own that he, the President, has blun
dered.”
The Rights of Legislative Bodies
in the Convention.
The Supreme Court ofthe State of New
York has addressed Alderman CulkiD,
now sitting as Alderman of the Ninth
District in the Board of Assistant Aider
men, not to be entitled to his seat, and de
clared his contestant, McYeaney, to be en
titled to it. The judgment was rendered
by Hon. Joseph Mullen, one of the Justi
ces of the Filth Judicial District, and the
order duly served on the Clerk of the
Board of Assistant Aldermen. At a meet
ing of the Board on the 21sl inst., Mr.
MoVeany demanded the seat at the Board
occupied by Peter Culkius, and that he be
recognized as Assistant Alderman, in ac
cordance with the order of the Supreme
Court, The charter of the city of New
York, granted by the Legislature of that
State in 1857, in language borrowed ver
batim from the Constitution of the United
States and the State of New York, ex
pressly provides that each Board of the
Common Council shall be the judge of the
election and returns as well as the qualifi
cations of its own members. Hon. A.
Oakey Hail, Mayor of the city of New
York, in a message to the Board of As
sistant Aldermen, says:
“This is the first time that I have heard
of a court undertaking to interfere with the
right of a legislative body to judge of the
election and returns of its own members in
this country, although under the charter
of 1830 the Supreme Court once passed
upon qualifications. But the charter of
1557 provided that each Board of the Com
mon Council shall be the judge of the elec
tion and returns as well as the qualifications
of .its own members. This phra-e, ‘of
election and returns,’ wa3 then for the
first time in our charter history borrowed
verbatim lrom the Constitution of the
United States and of this State, and the
phrase has always been properly construed
to mean that only legislative bodies shall
judge of the matter embraced by these
words of power. It is your duty, of course,
to respect any judgment of a court; but it
is also your duty, out of self-respoct, and
from a regard to the law of the State or
ganizing your own body, to maintain its
rights and privileges. The Board of As
sistant Aldermen is now in p'ace of the
board referred to in the charter of 1857. I
have, therefore, to recommend that if Mr.
McYeaney shall present himself under the
judgment of the court you treat it in the
nature of a contested claim, and that you
refer the claim, whatever it may be, to a
special committee, and cause to be cited
before that committee the said claimant and
Mr. Culkin, and take the proper action to
determine who is the righful member."
In accordance with the suggestion of the
Mayor the Board of Assistant Aldermen
have referred the whole matter to a Com
mittec cf three with instructio'os to report
at the next meeting of the Board
We arc curious to sec whs.t will be the
action of the Supreme Court in case of
refusal by the Board of Assistant Aider
men to obey the order of the Court to
oust Culkin and recognize McYeaney.
The published account does not give the
Judicial proceedings of the Supreme Court,
nor indicate the grounds which induced the
Court to entertain jurisdiction, nor the
merits of the case, which determined the
judgment of the Court. Our impression
is, that Mc\ eaney contested the election
on the ground of fraud, and upon adverse
decision before the Board of Aldermen,
appealed to the Supreme Court. This
ease a ill be not without interest at the pres
ent juncture.
THE BUCKS AGAINST THE WHITES:
The contest in Virginia between the Con
servatives and the allied negroes and car
pet-baggers is waxing warm. The carpet
baggers have succeeded in rousing the
negroes to a fearful pitch of excitement,
and it will be a marvel if the election,
which takes place in a few days, passes off
without violence and bloodshed.
The Richmond Whig , noticing some re
cent negro meetings in that city, says :
“The negroes are inflamed with intense
malignity against the whites and will be
content with nothing less than absolute
supremacy. The terms which the speakers
habitually employ to characterize the
whites are “Our inimies.” One, address
ing the carpet-baggers, who are suspected
of trying to mar the fair proportions of the
black ticket, said: “White men, you had
better mind what you are doing. You say
this ticket is too black! It ain’t too black
for us, and we are the majority. You ain’t
nothing without us.” Another conspicu
ous orator and leader repeated his inter
rogatories of a previous meeting : “Don’t
you want to conquer? Don’t you want
the Legislaturs ? Don’t you want the
Judges? Don’t you want the melisby ?
i With these.three things we can defy every
thing for two hundred years.” His ques
j tiona were answered affirmatively and
j loudly applauded. Another said he
was no Walker man ; he had been walking
i for two hundred and fifty years, and he
j was determined to ride for tho next two
hundred and fifty.
“These are. the impromptu utterances
of their hearts, and betray their noble am
bition. They are intent on supreme do
minion. If they can help it, no white man
shall possess any rights in this Common
wealth. They will monopolize all them
selves. The Legislature, the Judiciary
and the Militia—these elements of power—
they claim them all. Scarcely emerged
from a state of cannibal barbarism, they
insolently challenge supreme rule, and
wage fierce and aggressive war against all
others’ rights. Equal rights for them
selves will not suffice. They must have
all rights and everybody else no rights at
all.
“This is their programme. They will
listen to no overtures for peace and co
operation. Ail or nothing, is their policy.
“It was not unpleasant to hear the con
temptuous aud scornful terms in which
they spoke of the miserable whites who
are aiding them in their nefarious schemes.
These wretches make a mighty fuss about
social ostracism; we suppose they will
realize their level when the negroes turn
their noses up at them.”
Tiie Crops—Agricultural Report for
May and June.
Mr, J. R. Dodge, statistician of the
Agricultural Department, has submitted
to Commissioner Capron his reports for
the months of May and Juno. The re
port contains a full report of the condition
of the crops throughout the country, from
which we learn that the season has been
somewhat peculiar ; the mean temperature
has been comparatively low, deluging rains
frequent, hail storms in unusual frequency
and severi’y; frosts have been more de
structive in the South than in the North,
the cold and backward Spring delaying
bud development and flowering in the
higher latitudes, and assuring a more
abundant supply of iruits in the more
Northern half of the country, with an
unusual deficiency iu the Southern. The
season has been generally well suited to
the growth of small grains throughout a
wider geographical range than usual, ana
iu more of the circumstances favoring
successful production.
This Spring a cooler temperature in
May and June has favored health and
growth of wheat in latitudes North of 40°,
and rust has been less prevalent than
usual, and the promise greater of a satis
factory yield. The returns show a high
average condition of wheat, and indicate a
good prospect of an abundant crop, if no
casualities occur before or after harvest.
It should be observed, however,' that the
size succulence of the stalk somewhat fa
vors “lodging” or “laying,” which is re
ported as already somewhat serious in
part3 of the South and West. Effjrt has
been made to obtain reliable information
concerning acreage. The result shows a
gratifying increase, amounting to about
six percent., or more than the advance in
population.
Rye, barley and other grains are gener
ally in fine condition. The largest increase
is in barley, The oat crop is not quite in
average condition in some parts of New
England, and in parts of Ohio, Indiana,
Illinois and Minnesota, while in the
more Southern States the temperature of
the Spring months has effected a decided
improvement in a crop that generally suf
fers in these latitudes by sudden and ex
treme elevation of temperature at the
season of heading.
Corn planting has been everywhere re
tarded, either by excess of rain or cold,and
partial replanting has been an inevitable
necessity, at some points, to the extent of
one-fourth the area, in some cases one
third or one-half. Latest returns represent
the crop as backward, in some ins-.ances
feeble, but generally green and vigorous,
with a promise—a favorable season inter
vening—of a fair yield. The extent of
area planted has been limited by the sup
ply of labor and the neeessity for re-plant
ing.
The high prices of 1868 have stimulated
the business of cotton growing ; new
operators have flocked into it, old planta
tions have enlarged their boundaries, and
the indications are, unless Providence in
terferes to prevem the injury which will
arise from a large crop at the present time,
that prices will decline, when' an increase
of 25 per cent.in bales will yield no increase
in dollars, and tba profit of the culture,
as of yore, will be absorbed in the pur*
chase of corn and baeon, which should be
grown ami cured at home. Complaints of
late planting, bad stands, cold and unfa
vorable '.feather, are more or less general
throughout the ootura States ; yet it will
prove a very bad year for the plant if the
product of last year shall not be attained.
It is not too late, with good weather and
exemption from insects, to obtain a yield
of 3,000.000 bales, which is quite as much
as the markets of Europe and America re
quire at present, in addition to the
growths of other cotton fields ; a larger
yield will be sure to reduce materially the
price obtained. The actual increase in
acreage planted will be calculated for the
July report.
Sorghum will be cultivated more exten
sively than for many years, for syrup
mainly, but in some places with the in
i tention of attempting sugar-making,
i Hops are generally looking well. It} Rieh
> land, Crawford, Columbia and W aushara
counties, Wisconsin, yards have been plow
ed up, as well as in Montcalm, Livingston
and Calhoun, in Michigan, and in Min
nesota and elsewhere ; yet the prospect
is good for an ample supply of
the market. Particulars concerning a
variety of other crops may be found in the
tables of comparative acreage and condi
tion, and in extracts from reports.
The yield of small frui.s js unusually
abundant, with a fine premise iqr tfic-sa
coming in later in the season. Peaches'
will be abundant in New Jersey and Dela
ware. There wiil be a fair crop in the
West, and a short supply only in some
localities in the Southern States, wfieie
untimely frosts prevailed.
Bnllock's Letter Declining to Partici
pate In the Boston Peace Jubilee.
Boston, June 20th, 1869.
Editors Chronicle Y .Sentinel:
Thinking you may not not have seen the
letter from your Governor in the Daily
Evening Transcript, “double supplement,”
of June 14th, declining an invitation to
our Jubilee. I herewith send it to you :
Executive Department, 1
Atlanta, Ga., May 31st, 1869. |
Gentlemen: —I have the pleasure to
acknowledge the honor conferred by your
kind invitation of the 20th instant. I most
sincerely regret the necessity for my pres
ence home, to do whatever may be in my
power to secure for the L nmn men and the
enfranchised freedmen that peace and pro
tection which should be the certain accom
paniment ol “restoration of the Union of
the States,” which you propose to com
memorate, will prevent my participation in
your festivities on the loth proximo.
I have the honor to be, very repectfully,
Your obedient servant,
Rufus B. Bullock.
How beautifully your noble carpet-bag
ger displays his bad patriotism in bad
syntax and boorish style Now, as I so
journed with you last Winter, I happen to
know something about the labors of this
chance patriot’s labors in behalf “of
Union men and enfranchised freedmen.”
His patriotism and benevolence could rse
to the height of an Opera House specula
tion. But it could rise no higher. It
could not rise high enough to enable him
to give the Executive sanction to a joint
resolution of your Legislature to defer to
the judgment of the Supreme Court in the
matter of the right “of the enfranchised
freedmen to hold their seats in your Gen
eral Assembly.” His patriotism could
rise high enough to appropriate the public
funds, without color of law, making no ac
count thereof. But this was the utmost
height to which it could soar. 1 became
thoroughly satisfied, staunch Republican
as I am, that this man plots mirchief for
self-aggrandizement. He cares for noth
ing, seeks nothing, save that which puts
power his hands and money in his
purse. Your people mistake most egre
giously the views and feeling ofthemassof
the Northern Republicans, and at
tribute to your Governor an in
fluence with the party he does i?ot possess.
Conduct similar to his in our State, would
have brought upon him summary punish
ment by the joint action of all parties.
The Republican masses here do not care a
jot or tittle how you mauage your State
affairs. They were led to believe that no.
Northern man could neither travel with
safety through your State, nor be secure as
a settler in it. Intercourse, especially that
of the last season, has removed to a great
degree such impressions, although your
history and reports prior to the War make
it a difficult matter to overcome them.
Nevertheless, they no longer prevail as the
rule. Verymany New Englanders have gone
down into your and other Southern States
in search of health, and to avoid the rigors
of our New England Winter. Many have
made investments there in laud, planta
tions, railroads, &c. I have yet to see a
single one who complains of your people.
There are complaints about your hotel ac
commodation and minor matters, but these
things will soon rectify themselves with
increased travel amßmigration, which you
may surely expect the coming season.
By the way, since my return home, I
have made some inquries respectin - your
Governor’s early career. If you will write
to , Springfield, Massachusetts, where
the Governor as a telegraphist begun his
career, you will obtain a correct version of
the first quiet event ol his life, which
made him a notable. It wiil afford some
spicy reading for the columns of the
Chronicle & Sentinel.
The papers, doubtless, have reached you
ere this, giving you full accounts o's our
“Peace Jubilee,” which was a maguili
cent success, to the great delight of all
Bostonians. Ail believe that it is the dis
tinctive mark of a great and glorious era
of peace and prosperity, notwithstanding
your Governor could not leave “his war”
on Georgia to “participate in our festivi
ties.” I regret greatly that the Courts
prevented the Chronicle & Sentinel
from being represented by one or both of
its helmsmen. Truly yours, S.
Tlic Supreme Court Decision-Letter
from Judge Fleming.
Savannah, June 23d, 1869.
A. R. Wright, Esq :
Mr Dear Sir—Yours of the 21st inst.,
requesting me to give for publication in the
Chronicle & Sentinel, my opinion upon
the effect of the decision lately made by
the Supreme Court of Georgia, upon the
status of the expelled negro members of
the present Legislature is received.
I have no idea that my opinion will have,
or indeed ought to have, any weight in
“moulding public opinion,” but as you
desire it, and only because you desire it, I
will give it. I can see no reason whv this
decision should have an effect different
from other decisions. The decision of a
Court, decides the case in which the decis
ion is made, and of course becomes a pre
cedent for the decision of other cases in
which the same question arises. But who
ever heard that the decision of any onc
case, 1, decided every case involving the same
question. There must be a seperate de
cision in every case as it comes up. The
case decided by the Supreme Court, settles
the question that White, although a negro,
may 1 old the office of Clerk. It can have
no other effect beyond the retaining of
White in office, except as authority to
control the decision of other cases as they
arise involving the same question. But the
decision wiil have to be made in every
case. It cannot possibly have tho
effect to put in or out of office others
who are strangers to the judgment. Is
it not a we'l settled principle that a judg
ment binds only the parties to it? There
are some cases iu this county (Chatham),
where white persons have been installed
into office by the Ordinary, who, I think,
very properly felt it his duty to do so,
under the decision of Judge Sohlcy. Can
it be that the effect of the decision in the
case of White is to put them out and put
the negroes in? Could a judgment of
ouster be entered up against them on the
judgment of the Supreme Court in favor
of White? Can these negroes be put into
office except by proceedings regularly in
stituted for the purpose? I think no;.
The same, I suppose, is true of the
negroes who were elected to the Legisla
ture. The decision in the case of White
cannot put them in, or the white men out,
and for the simnle reason they were not
parties to that act.
And now comes the question, can the
negroes elected to the Legislature make a
ease before the judicial tribunals of the
State? I have no difficulty in saying they
cannot. There is but one tribunal with
jurisdiction to decide this question, and
from the decisions of that tribunal there is
no appeal, it is final and conclusive, there
being no other tribunal before whieh the
decision can be reviewed or reversed.
That tribunal is the Legislature itself.
“Each House shall be the judge of the
election returns and qualifications of its
members, &c.” Constitution Article 3,
Section 4.
Respectfully, &e.,
W. B. Fleming.
Education.
Editors Chronicle & Sentinel:
We have heard of a certain sagacious
youth who, desirous of carrying a huge
ox upon his shpulder, conceived' the plan
of lifting the calf every day, believing very
justly that he would grow with the calf’s
growth and strengthen with the calf’s
strength, until he would finally be an equal
match for the ox. This was no unwise
plan. But if one should be so foolish as
to attempt to shoulder all at once the
heavy ox, he would be apt to sink under
the weight, and perhaps have his frame so
distorted, his health so impaired as not to
be able to display any feats of strength in
future.
We consider that the heavy tasks so in
discreetly imposed upon the youths of the
country are calculated to weaken rather
than develop their minds. No allusion is
here made to the length of lessons ( or
they are seldom too long); rather the na
ture of those lessons, whether they have a
tendency to gradual and thorough discip
line by awakening earnest thought and
kindling a lively interest in the mind of
the student, whose clear comprehension of
the studies before him will enable him to
feel his progress and exult in the conviction
that there is with him “no day without a
line.” It is of paramount importance to
estimate the strength, or, what is more
practicable still, to seek to know the Lent
of the mind before it is burdened beyond
its capacity, The youth may never be
able to shoulder the ox, why no t rather
then have him raise the yearling than
waste his strength in fruitless efforts. This
should be a matter of consideration to
parents and guardians, and not left to
Teachers, who ate so often changed during
the educational course of a child. But
there are other considerations no less im
portant. The pecuniary means and the
time that can be spared lor the purpose of
au education are matters of great moment
to the Southern people especially. Os
course an accurate estimate of these things
cannot be made, since mere are so many
changes of fortune in one’s life, yet we
venture to say there are few beads of
families but qao arrive at some tolerable
understanding in regard to them, itnow
ing the inclination of foe mind we should
furnish studies peculiarly adapted to it;
knowing the means that are to be employ
ed, such branches ot study should be pros
ecuted as paq he thoroughly mastered
within the time afforded liir the purpose
in view. But above ail things begin grad
ually, systematically ; begin with the calf,
and proceed to the extent of which time,
means and talents wilt admit. For what
purpose is an educatio. ? that part of it
we mean that is acquired at school ? Is it
not to discipline the mind, strengthen and
enlarge it, liberalize its views and convic
tions, elevate and ennoble it that it may the
more easily grasp whatever may come in
reach of it in after life ? At school we lay
the foundation; let that foundation be
firm, secure, lasting; reliable for sound
ness, available lor use, answerable for
every good and noble purpose. Afterward
the superstructure maybe erected and what
grander edifice is there than this mind
of rolid attainments and elegant accom
plishments? The temple at Ephpsus was
grand, indeed, but there was no true and
living oracle within it- Circumstances
will not admit of every house being built
on the same order. The natural site may,
not be as suitable for one mode of structure
as another; nor the time and means ade
quate to extensive plans. Is it necessary
that it should be exactly on the order of
every house in the neighborhood of it?
This would be servile imitation. Let there
be a proper adaptation of means to ends,
Lot the house be small, yet complete,
rather than undertake to build what can
h . u J shcd - "Variety is the spice
oi life. We see pyramidal forms all alone
in majestic appearance, supporting as it
were, the mighty world with the’giant
strength of an Artas-arrayed in ail the
antique, hieroglyphic characters so well
bentti-g their sombre mysteriousness—
grand monuments, erect like the powers of
Hercules to mark the extent of human
learning. Again we see less aspiring struc
tures— such,. indeed, as are better suited to
the use and convenience of man. We must
acknowledge the force of the trite but just
apothegm • ‘ Many men of many minds.”
Minds differ as much as exterior forms and
stand in no less need of becoming apparel.
\V hat may be readily acquired by oue mind
may be Greek to another: what height
may be attained, what skill may be dis
play ed by one may be too lofty pretensions
tor another, who would more likely move
'safest in the middle way.” Let Phcabus
drive the Chariot of the Sun, and the rash
1 hston essay to and j what is suited to his
strength!
Because wo are accustomed to see this
child and that child studying Greek, Latin,
and a littic French, &e., is it any reason
why every child should be carried through
the same routine, no matter what the in
clinat on of its mnd may be ? Parents are
apt to think that the above cause is sine
qua non, and that their children cannot be
educated (so called) without adopting it to
the letter. A like impression is made
upon the children, and if they prosecute
this course some of them may find them
selves unequal to the task, and immediate
ly conclude that they possess an unsuita
bleness of mind to books of any sort.
Thence the distaste for books manifested by
some. “No profit grows where there is no
pleasure taken.” Many students fritter
away their time in obtaining a smattering
of several languages merely for the name
of the tiling, which can never do them a
substantial service, and which will exist
only to rebuke the folly of misspent time.
W hy not undertake one language and learn
that well? The Latin language peculiarly
demands attencion ; and where the service
of a German, French, or other instructor
of the languages can be procured with
whom the student may converse in order
to imbibe the language along with his
mother tongue, these or other modern lan
guages are better suited to the character of
the age.
Give the sciences their full share of time
and give that instruction which may avail
the man in liis daily avocations.- Can the
student solve the puzzling little quirks of
per centage ; guage his corn-crib or cask of
syrup ; survey his fields to know exactly
how much guano is necessary to fertilize
them ? \\ hat does he know of history ?
Only a few facts, without studying the
philosophy of it without generalizing from
the multitude of facts. Can he read an
article in the newspaper so any one may
listen to him with patience or eveD pleas
ure ? Can he write a legible hand? —one
answerable for most purposes. Can he
write a good letter, making himself there
by useful and agreable? Can he converse
interestingly ? These are important ques
tions. If one has the time , the means and
the talents, let him employ them in the
study ot any number of things, in which
ho can make himself proficient; but above
all things, wo would see him thoroughly
conversant with his own mother tongue,
which, for strength, fertility and beauty
stands the acknowledged equal if not supe
rior of every language known to the civil
ized world. •
Respectfully,
School Teacher.
[communicated. J
Docs the Decision in “White’s Case”
Ke seat the Expelled Negro Members
of the Legislature ?
Editors Chronicle & Sentinel;
It is my purpose to discuss this simply
as a legal proposition. With questions of
policy and the political consequences which
may result from insisting upon a proper
construction of the law, I shall have noth
ing to do. Nor is it part of my plan to
urge moderation for the purpose of ap
peasing Radical malevolence. J have no
sacrifice toinako to the Spirit of Vengeance.
The issue made is one of law, not of
politics; and is simply : Does this decision,
per se, entitle the expelled negro members
to re-occupy their seats in the present
Legislature ? No man familiar with the
theory of our Government and the prin
ciples of the Constitution of 1789, will
maintain that because each branch of the
Legislature is clothed with power to judge
of the qualifications of its own members,
that the power should be exercised capri
ciously or be abused. Yet, in such an event,
I knowof no remedy hut revolution. Where
resides the power to compel ? What
department of government is clothed with
authority to reseat these negroes except
that which expelled them ? The judiciary
may declare the principle of negro eligi
bility, hut that tribunal alone which is
clothed with sovereign power and exclusive
jurisdiction over the subject-matter can
give it practical operation. Ry what power
of procedure could this judgment of the
Supreme Court be enforced? Would you
mandamus the General Assembly? The
truth is, the framers of the Constitution in
organizing this co ordinate department of
the government relied upon the integrity,
wisdom and justice of its members, and the
controlling power of public opinion. The
present Legislature, in the exercise of its
constitutional powers, considered delibe
rately the claims of these negroes to seats
in that body, and pronounced against them.
That ju Igrnent by themselves alone can be
reversed. Os course you will bear in mind
that I have not the duty of the Legislature,
when it assembles, with this decision
before it, now under consideration. It
will be time enough to discuss that matter
when a proper case is made. I am consider
ing only the abstract question, whether the
decision or judgment in White's case, ex
vi termini, places these expelled negroes in
their seats again. Not being parties, they
can possibly derive no benefit from the
judgment. The principle recognized—for
Ido not consider it abolished—by the de
cision, may, indeed, ha invoked in any
future case they may choose to make. But
until that case is made, and authoritatively
pronounced upon, the rights they claim,
even if they exbt, must remain in ahey
anoo.
But suppose it had boon possible for
these expelled negroes to have made a
proper case before the Supreme Court to
which themselves were parties, that Court
could only have pronounced for or against
the existence of the right claimed, without
any power on earth to enforce its judg
ment— to reseat them. Indaed it is manifest,
as well from the express language
of the Constitution as the true character
of our governments, State and Federal,
that the Legislature alone is supreme ar
biter in all questions affecting the eligi
bility of its members ; and that so far as
its practical effect is concerned, a decision
of any other court on the subject (for the
Legislature is a Court for this purpose)
is nothing more than a judicial txpress’on
of opinion without the slightest compul
sory power. Questions of eligibility to
office are suigeneris Had the Legislature
decided negroes eligible to seats in that
body, it would by no means have followed
that White was eligible to be Clerk of
Chatham Superior Court. And how can
the late decision in his case reseat those
negroes, without denying to the Legisla
ture its constitutional power to be sole
judge of their qualifications. Journals
like the Macon- Telegraph overlook the
real issue, and anticipate the action of the
Legislature. The decision of the Su
preme Court does not re-seat the
negroes, and cannot , although the
legislature may. But everything said
about the binding force of the offer made
by that body to refer the question to the
Supreme Court, is sheer balderdash.
Whatever obligation they may have im
posed upon themselves by I bat proposi
tion, they were promptly relieved from by
the refusal of the Executive to 00-operate
with them* Besides, they could divest
themselves of none of the powers confer
red by the Constitution, and it was unwise
to offer to waive them. Ail the twaddle
about “ B)J>ordiiiation ” and “lawless and
irresponsible creatures" seems to be
prompted by a dread of a “reign of ter
ror” and “domiciliary visits.” The Leg
islature will do its duty , and do it faithful
ly. If they choose to recon-ider their res
olution of c-Xpulsion, and restore the ne
groes to their former seats, they probably
have the power, although it would seem a
question, having pronounced in favor of
those members who now fill their seaii
after having voted down a motion to re
consider at the last session. Tully.
Letter from Elbert.
Elbert County, Ga., June 21, 186 r.
Editors Chionielt & Sentinel:
I see where a Sterling Ferguson has been
Laid to account for roguery practiced upon
our lower river. lam rejoiced to see the
strong arm of the law falling upon the
lawless, wherever and whenever necessity
requires it, but especially am I rejoiced in
this instance. We suffer immensely upon
this river, and unless a check is given to
the imposition it will become intolerable
this Winter. Let justice, and.full justice,
be meted out to this ringleader, and I hope
it will strike terror to the minds or others.
I have strong hopes soon to be able to
dispense with this inconyenient, hazardous
and nnremunerative mode of transporta
tion for our produce by the substitution of
the Augusta & Hartwell Railroad. Why
don’t you say more about it, in your dis
cussions of Railroads and central positions,
etc.? It is a good project, ana can be
made to pay, it buiit. Whether it goes
through the Blue Ridge or not, it will pay,
and detract but little from the Georgia
Road. It will add another tributary to
your already swollen tide to enhance the
prosperity and importance of Augusta.
Give us the adyantage of your powerful in
fluenee in the enterprise, and help us to
keep it on foot to completion.
Elbert.
From the New York Tridune, 21.
Troubles in (Borgia.
Atlanta, Ga., June 12.—The readers
of the Tribune have doubtless been ad
vised, by telegraph and otherwise, of the
action of Gen. Terry in sending four com
panies of United States troops to Warren
county, in this State, and the arrest, by
the Republican Sheriff, with the aid of the
military, of the Sheriff who had been ap
pointed by the Ordinary of the county, on
the assumption that the former had aban
doned his home anu office, and also of the
arrest of several other individuals of more
or less notoriety. Being somewhat famil
iar with the people of that county, and of
the circumstances attending the numerous
deeds of violence committud within its
limits, and which have finally culminated
in the active interference of the Military
Commander of the Department, your cor
respondent may be able to assist the reader
to a correct comprehension of the real state
of society iu that section In April, 1868,
the entire Republican ticket of Warren was
elected by a majority of hundreds. But
the tyranny oi public opinion has been so
great that every official elected as a Repub
lican —with the exception of the lately as
sassinated Senator Adkins, the colored and
white Representative, and Sheriff Norris
—has become au active if not willing tool
of the Rebel Democracy. Norris is a quiet
but determined man, and has iu no instance
deserted the party that elected him. Every
effort to induce him to become an apostate
having failed, the county paper used all
its influence to intimidate parties from be
coming sureties on his official bond, and
when the bond was given one of the sure
ties was denounced as a perjurer, another
as a bastard, and the third as an old in
cendiary. During the Presidential cam
paign Norris was active in suppressing
violence, and was unsparing in his de
nunciation of the parties that frequently
paraded through the country, in ghostly
disguise, intimidating colored and threaten
ing white Republicans, to say|nothing of
the murders laid to their charge. On the
occasion of an advertised Grant and Colfax
mass meeting,at which Congressman Prince
and other Republicans had promised to
speak, he was conspicuous in prevent
ing a collision similar to that at Camilla, a
week or two previous. And, after the 31
of November, he furnished an official re
port of the manner in which the election
for President was conducted, anything but
complimentary to the official integrity of
the judges ofelectiou at Warrontou pre
cinct.
Finally, one night in December last,
while walking to his residence, and within
sight and hearing of it, three (as he states)
persons, masked, rose up a short distance
from him, instantly fired upon him, and
fled. He was very severely wounded. Tne
Sheriff claims to have recognized, and is
willing to qualify to the identity of, two of
the party. The party not, recognized, in
the precipitancy of his flight, dropped a
revolver, now in the possession of the
Sheriff, which, it is alleged, can bo proven
to be the property of a brother of the two
parties identified. The name of this family
is Cody, and they are among the number
arrested by Norris.
About the Ist of March, Mr. Charles
Wallace, editor of the county paper, hav
ing applied for admission to membership
in the Masonic Lodge, was black-balled.
In violation of the well-understood obliga
tions of Masonry, Wallace was notified
that Dr. Darden (who was not an office'
holder, and in no sense a pol.tician, but a
well-known Union man) stood between
him and the consummation of his charita
ble purposes. Whereupon he published a
card in which the most offensive epithets
were applied to the Doctor. The capaci
ty of the author in blackguardism was
evidently exhausted iu the fatal document
On the day ol its appearance, or the morn
ing following, the aggrieved party was
guilty of the unjustifiable act of shooting
his antagonist on the principal thorough
fare of the town. This produced the
greatest excitement, and a cry for ven
geance was immediately raised. Messen
gers were immediately dispatched to
various parts of' the county. One of the
Codys (‘‘Tip.” I believe), assumed com
mand of a body of young men, and placed
s guard around the jail, to which Norris
ind committed Darden. The Sheriff,
knowing the bloody purposes of this sell
constituted guard, attempted to summon a
posse of citizens to prevent the escape of
the prison r and to protect him from
violence at the same time. But no one
obeyed the sum nons, the publicly-organ
ized mob having notified them that “any
one caught round, the jail that night with
out the countersign would catch h— II.”
Early in the night a committee waited on
the Sheriff and demanded that, he should
come to the jail and bring its keys with
him. This he declined to do, whiefi so ex
asperated the mask murderers that they
at onee repaired to his residence with the
avowed purpose ot punishing him for his
temerity. Notified of their approach, he
niade good his escape, taking the prison
keys with him. After seaching the house
they returned to the jail, broke it open,
took Darden out, tied him to a tree, and
fired from 12 to 25 shots into him, which,
of course, produced instant death. This
masked mob, designated by all classes as
Ku-klux— of which Wallaon was said to be
a member and of which lie was certainly
the apologist—occupied the town nearly
the whole night, not completing their
work of death until alter 2a. tn. Yet not
a citizen es Warrenton made the slightest
effort to prevent the unholy deed, notwith
standing the victim appealed to some of
them as a brother Mason in distress.
I have been thus prolix ia reverting to
these facts, most or all of which have al
ready been published, so that the readers
of the Tribune may understand precisely
the grounds on which the Sheriff basis his
arrest of the several parties, and the
charges they will be required to answer.
Norris, with wholesome recollecti ns of
the dose which the assassins had already
administered to him, and being fully ad
vised of the threats repeatedly npade to
treat him as they had his prisoner, fled to
Atlanta, and officially notified Gov. Bul
lock that he was utterly powerless to ar
rest any parties possessing the sympathies
of this 'awless organization—that those
known as law-abiding citizens were uuwil
ling or afraid to reuder him any assistance,
and that j uuless the Government furnished
protection, no arrests could be made. And
just here it is proper to state that this was
not the first occasion on whioh Norris had
made similar representations to the Exec
utive Department. In the Fall of 1868,
when anumbtrof negroes were killed in
their cabins at night by these masked par
ties, be appealed to (he Governor for as
sistance. The fact is susceptible of official
demonstration that the Governor earnestly
and repeatedly urged Gen. Meade to fur
nish relief, which that official invariably
declined to do. Perhaps he was restrained
by that prince of apostates, Andy John
son. All charges of failure on the part of
the Governor to obtain relief are, there
fore, entirely Iratuitous. When General
Ruger assumed temporary command the
(he Governor laid Norris’last report be
fore him, and relief was promised as soon
as the consolidation of troops, then in
progress, could he completed. These facts
either becoming known or strongly sus
pected by the secret advisers and influen
tial friends of the members of the organ
ization known as Ku-klux, the removal of
Norris from his office as Sheriff was re
solved upon. By the provisions of the
Code of Georgia, when it is jndicially as
certained that a Sheriff’ has voluntarily
abandoned the county and his office for 30
days, the Ordinary i.s authorized to fill the
vacancy thu< created. Under color of this
law John Raley, a violent sympathizer
with the Ku-klux Democracy, was com
missioned as Sheriff. Judge Andrews,
without deciding the office to he vacant,
recognized ltaley aw Sheriff temporarily
during the session of his Court. Soon af
ter Gen. Terry assumed command he issued
instructions to Brevet Major Van Voast,
in command of the troops at Warrenton, to
furnish the Sheriff of the County with a
non commissioned officer and an adequate
number of men, whenever, in the judg
ment of the said Sheriff, tL ey might be
necessary to a successful performance of
his official duties, or whenever necessary
for his protection against personal violence.
Advised of this order he returned to War
enton and at once had an interview with
Major Van Voast. And here comes the
first hitch. Both Norris and Raley claimed
to be Sheriff, and cue instructions of Gen.
Terry —he not being advised of the
rebel dodge had failed to mention
Norris as the Sheriff. The latter,
however, promptly reported she facts
to the General, who being fully per
suaded that Norris’ absence was invol
untary amended former instructions by dc
daring that J. CL Norris must be regarded
as the legal Sheriff, whose official requisi
tions were to be honored. When Norris
returned for a second time, he arrested
Raley (the contesting Sheriff), EJ. R.
Cody, E. E. Cody, Tip Cody, J. M. Cody,
H. Martin, and Oapl.A. J. Hartly. The
latter is a printer, hails from Virginia; I
believe, and is Wallace’s successor as the
editor of the town paper. The charge j
against Raley is illegally searching Norris’
residence and frightening hia family, and
of a guilty knowledge of the persons that
broke into the jail, and ofaidhg and atet- j
ting Dr. Darden s assassination. AL the !
other parties are charged wuh constituting
a portion of the mob in addition to the
charge against Ed. aud Tip Cody, of at
tempting to assassinate Norris, as above
stated. Raley gave bail in the sum of
$5,000, and the other parties in that of
$2,000 each, to answer the several charges
against them.
In the meantime hforrls has been enjoin- ]
ed from further action as Sheriff, until the j
Court shall decide whether his absence
from the county was involuntary—whether
it was such an abandonment of his office
as, in the meaning of the law, creates '<* 1
vacancy, There is soipe fear that judge
Andrews will permit Toombs and others to
intimidate Lun. His position is, indeed,
one to try the pluck of the bravest heart
in the land. The excitement is unparal
leled, and the newspaper statements of
good feelings toward the soldiery are with
out the shadow of foundation in fact. It j
is true, they are much more exasperated
at the Sheriff. Tticir chief concern is not
altogether for the arrests already made,
but they know others will follow, especial
ly of the parties lamed by Senator Ad
kins, in the presence of his daughters, be
fore his death, -as guilty of his assassination.
There is a large family of Codys, some
of whom are good and some bad men. Tip
Cody, although proclaiming a'holy horror
of “nigger equality,” has for yeare lived
in notorious intimacy with a colored wench.
His brother EJ is the party that was tried
by a military commission a little over a
year since, charged with killing a Federal
soldier about a colored prostitute. The
evidence against him was strong, but he
was acquitted on account of its conflicting
character. Martin is a business partner of
one of the Codys, and is a very quiet and
apparently inoflensive person. I saw a
letter from Norris to-day, addressed to a
gentleman in this city, in which he states
that he can obtain no legal counsel, that
his children have been banished from school,
and that ail classes not only refuse to recog
nize him, but treat his wife ami children
with equal contempt. Col. H. I*. FarrOw,
Attorney General for the State, has gone
to his defence. The Colonel is a good
lawyer, and will do justice to his cause and
client. The question arises, Ot what good
are all these arrests and those to follow ?
Under our present jury system conviction
and punishment by the civil law is out of
the question. Yet I believe the results
will be beneficial. There is one thing of
vital importance for the people of the
North to understand. Tho press and
people do not deelarge that if the parties
accused are proven to be guilty they should
be punished. Although the perpetration
of the crimes are not and cannot be denied,
the entire Democratic press and people
boldly assume the ion sconce of every one
suspected. In no contingency is punish
ment tolerated. And this is the real crime
which society is committing against the
friends of the Government. If it would
aid in punishing the guilty, and not mate
a martyr of every one charged with law
lessness, a reform would speedily follow.
But the prospect for a change is gloomy.
To give the reader an idea of General
Terry’s opinion of affairs in Warren, it is
only necessary to state that, when his
official dispatches lo Weshington are pub
lished, it will be found that ho terms the
Ku-klux “insurrectionary forces.” The
use of those t wo words should outweigh all
the labored denials of the G eorgia press in
the minds of intelligent and law-abiding
citizens.
AGRICULTURAL.
Crops In Oraageburg, S. V.
. Edisto River, Orangeburg )
County, S. C., June 23, 1869. J
Editors Chronicle & Sentinel .-—You
may like to know something about the
crops hereabouts, so I will inform you.
The corn lias very much inproved late
ly, and, under the influence of the hot sun
and recent rains, j 3 now looking as well as
could be desired, and better than was ex
pected hve weeks ago.
The cotton was kept back by the cool
weather, and at first did not promise well,
but it seems, from the result, that the un
seasonable weather was advantageous, for
when the hot sun came, it shot forward
splendidly, and. L can say, that during my
14 years of planting, I have never seen
this staple grow so fast, as mine has done
during the past four weeks, and the plants
are now as forward as I have ever seen
them at this time of the year, and if such
fine weather continues for six weeks longer
a splendid crop will be assured. More
cotton was planted than last year, aad the
negroes are working better, and more of
them are in the fields, and, taking all
things into consideration, we have a good
prospect. X. X. X.
One of the Croat Wants of tlie South.
Mcßean, Geo., June Ist, 1869.
Editors Chronicle <& Sentinel :—As I wish
to call the attention of the planters general
ly, and especially those of my native county
(Burke), to a subject I think of great im
portance to them, aud as I know of no
chance through which this subject could
be brought more generally before them
than through tiie columns of your valua
ble paper, I have concluded to solicit their
attention through the same. As we
are living in an age of political revolution,
which does not seem to be accomplishing
any real good, I deem it of great import
ance that some revolution should b; coo>-
rnenoed in the agricultural world, for it is
through industry, enterprise, and progress
in agriculture, that we are to seeure that
general and permanent prosperity that
our oountry so much needs, and 1 feel con
fluent that when our agricultural resources
are properly appreciated, and more fully
developed, and receives that encourage
ment, both from individual enterprise and
State protection, which they are so much
entitled to, that then these developed re
sources will he the best invitation we can
extend to iot lligent emigrants, and will do
m&re to reconstruct our State and secure
that respect lor her which her unrivaled
resources, when developed, are certain to
command; and then she will resume her
former honorable position, that of tho
Empire Siat; of the South, and having
attained to :hat high position upon the de
velopment of her agricultural resources,
she will be more likely to retain it against
the imperfection of our government; and I
know of no better or more important way
to inaugurate that revolution; than to
secure, through our Legislature, a law to
dispense with the necessity of fences
around our fields, uni to require every one
to keep their stook enclosed. I would re
spectfully solicit the close attention of
planters to this subject, and would most
earnestly request the planters in each neigh
borhood to call a meeting and give this
subject the benefit of their practicable
consideration, and see if the result
ol their close examination of this
question would not bring them to the
conclusion that the best interest of certain
counties and the rising generation and
those yet unborn, would be i romoted by
the passage of such a law. I think it im
portant that some immediate steps be
taken to bring this subject before the next
Legislature. As political results are ac
complished through conventions, so agri
cultural ones may he a'tamed by the same
means. So I would suggest that each
county, that feels the necessity of such a
law, cull a goneial county meeting to re
ceive the decision of each neighborhood
meeting from committies appointed by
the same, and should it be ascertained that
two-thirds of said committies report in fa
vor of said law, then let this general meet
ing appoint a commi’teo to petition the
Legislature to pass said law, t > take effect
in raid county and to go in o effect as soon
as practicable. Believing this to ho the
ouly practicable way of securing the general
attention of planters to this subject, and,
feeling confident that whenever the reason !
of our planters is convinced of the advan- ;
(ages to fee derived from such a law, that j
it will stimulate them to immediate action.
And, believing the planters to be the best
and only judges of the merits oi such a law,
I deem it of great importance that it should
be considered by them at once and let its
beneficial results he secured now before
our almost exhausted forest is extermina
ted. I think the course we have been
pursuing, a id are still prosecuting, is not
only extravagant hut selfish toward our
children and generations to come, aside
from curitig the evil. The passage of such
a law would result in a groat reduction of
labor, which i.s already growing scarce and
especially inefficient in keeeiug up fences.
Buch a law would he best for both em
ployer and employee. The laborers would
be relieved of *hat laborious work of split
ting rails and the employer could, instead
of using two months of each year in split
ting rails, repairing fences and damaging
his mules and wagons in hauling
the same over rough lauds in
building fences, which require animal
expense, or, in other words, erecting
a work of decay, could use the said
two months in more perfectly preparing
his land, and in forming eompost heaps, to
fertilize the same with,and thus, instead of
diminishing his capital, he would be per
manently improving the same. I further
believe that a close calculation, with the
proper estimate placed upon time and up
on permanent improvements, would show
that the annual eOst of keeping up our
fences would be greater than the money
value of our cows and hogs, such as we
keep, those that can maintain life upon
our almost bare paitures. I feel confident
that sou.-, ot my brother planters w;!i oat
up that such a law would deprive them of
giving their stock the advantages of our
fields after our crops are gathered. This
objection could be remedied by each planter
keeping a portable fence sufficiently large
to enclose ten acres; but I take the posi
tion, in view of the fact that our lands are
especially deficient in vegetable matter,
that the datnago sustained by the land, by
the. stock robbing it of its vegetable matter
wnieh is so equally distributed over it by
our crops, is greater than tha advantage
the stock receives therefrom, and another
good effect that this law would have,would
Ue to induce us to improve our stock, and
would keep none exce; t those that would
pay for keeping, and we would also be cer
tain to plant a sufficient amount of grain
crons to meet our consumption and there
by relieve our State of an enormous tax
that she now pays to the North and West
for corn and bacon; and then out ootton
would cease to be sent out of the State for
provisions r.Lii its stead would bring us
in that eapltal which our State so much
needs to develop her valuable resources
and render her truly great and po«te{-
fuL
Messrs. Editors, I lee) my inability to do
this subject, so pregnant of good to our
State, justice, and hope you will press it
upon the attention of the public. E. U.
tfiiwutlc & fcntiticl.
WEDNESDAY MORNINmTjUNE 30.
To Busliuss Mem
The Weekly Chronicle cC-'Sentinei
has a very large circulation in those '
sections which trade almost exclusively
with Augusta. It is the official organ for
seven counties, and, therefore, present,
great inducements to the merchants and
factors of Augusta to make their busines-,
known through its columns.
Those who desire to bring their business
prominently before the country peopk
will consult their interest by availing
themselves of the advantages which the
Weekly Chronicle & Sentinel offers
The Daily Chronicle & Sentinel has
also a large circulation on the line of the
railroads leading to and from Augusta.
Selling Of7at Cost. ~i f JOll ffant (Q
buy your Summer clothing at New York
cost prices just call at John Kenney’s
clo.hing emporium, 238 Broad -treet
where he will be pleased to wait en his
mends and the public. Mr. Kenney as
sures liis friends that he means business
and that his goods will be sold as adver
tised. Our country friends are directed
to read the advertisement and to govern
themselves accordingly.
1 lanters Loan and Banking Asso
ciation.—The books of subscription for
stock in this Association are now open at.
the office of Branch, Sons &Cos The
charter and its privileges tan be examined
at the same place.
Cotton Shippers Overtiie New Rail
road.—We are informed that on last,
Tuesday Messrs. Josiah Sibley A Sons
were among the first shippers of cotton by
the Columbia & Augusta Railroad, that
firm having shipped oue hundred and
twenty-five hales of cotton on hat day to
Claghorn, Herring & Cos., of Philadelphia.
i ersonal. Col. William JohnstOD,
President of the Columbia & Augusta, the
Charlotte & South Carolina Railroads,
was in the city Saturday’.
Confederate Generals Going to
Spain.—The special correspondent of the
New lork Times states that General
Robert E. Lee and a number of other Con
federate Generals had determined upon an
early emigration to the South of Spain.
We suppose some Yankee Jenkins will
next discover that General Lee has designs
upon the Spanish Crown.
Commencement at Mercer Unirersi
ty.— I The commencement exercises of this
University will begin on lltli July, and
continue for lour days. The exercises
promise to be of an unusually interesting
character. We are informed that ample
arrangements have been made in Penfield
for the accommodation of visitors, the ab
sence of which has, on former occasions,
prevented many from attending the com
mencement exercises. Conveyances will
leave Woodville lor Peafijld during com
mencement.
The Burke County Tragedy.—On
last Monday morning the Sheriff of Burke
county carried Ben. Godby, the murderer
of Mr. Adkins D. Lewis, from this city in
order that that he might undergo a pre
liminary examination. This examination
was conducted before Justice Beall and
closed on Thursday evening, having re
sulted in the committal of Godby on a
charge of murder, and of Enoch Brown,
another negro, as an accessory before the
fact. The pri.-oners were brought to this
city Thursday alternoou by Sheriff Byrd
and placed in the city jail, the jail of Burke
county being in an extremely unsafe con
dition. The Sheriff states that our in
formant was incorrect who stated a few
days since that the negro Godby would
be rescued by a mob of negroes if lie was
imprisoned in Burke county. The Sheriff
says he is imprisoned in this city, not
through fear of mobs of any kind, hut
merely because the jail of Waysnosboro is
not in a safe condition.
Death of an Old Citizen of Oglf.-,
thorpe.—A correspondent writes us as
follows from Lexington, June 25th, 2 p.m.:
Daniel Dupree JohnsoD, Esq., tho fore
man of the last Grand Jury iu this county,
and a highly respected citizen, died this
forenoon very suddenly while engaged in
his business. Mr- J. was a member of the
Secession Convention, aud held a high
placo in the Baptist Church, of which he
was au exemplary member. It is sup
posed that apoplexy was the cause of his
sudden death.
The Wilkes County Murderers.
From the Washington Gazette, we
learn that a special session of the
Superior Court was cailed ii Wilkes^
county on Monday last by Honor
able Garrett Andrews, the presiding
Judge, for the tri il of li >bt. Arnold and
Luke Arnold, colored, under the charge of
murdering Mr. Thom as Th ixt >:i in March
last. The trial lasted until Wednesday
and resulted in a verdict as follows : Itobt.
Arnold as guilty of murder as principal Id
the first degree ; Luke Arnold guilty of
murder as principal in the second degree.
The Jury recommended Luke Arnold to
the mercy of the Court. On Thursday
morning His Honor pronounced sentence
upon the prisoners. Robt. Arnold was
sentenced to he hung on the 30th of July;
Luke Arnold sentenced to the penitentiary
during his natural life. The evidence was.
clear and convincing to every one present.
The Blue Ridoe Railroad.—There
was a meeting of the Stockholders of the
Blue Ridge Railroad Company, in South
Carolina, at Charleston, on last Wednes
day, Gov. Scott presiding. The following
resolutions wero off-nd and.adopti and :
Resolved. That the Board til Directors
are hereby iostrured to i.-sue a seven per
o;nt. coupon bond, principal and i.Retest
payable in ciin. having .twenty years to
run, and that ad matters pel taiuing to the
text thereof, and i -suing the’ bond, he re
ferred to the Board of Directors.
Resolved, That it # be referred to the
Board of Direr tors tousc titiin up m what
terms the stock now held in this Company
may be retired, eo as to ( liable the Com
pany to issue new stock to aid iu comple
ting the building of the road, and il' the
same can be acoon j.'ishcd advantageously,
in securing the certain an i -needy comple
tion of the road, that they he authorized to.
consummate such an arrangement..
Free Tuition in the State U rti VEtisr-
TY. — We have received a Circular from
BrofessorlV . 11. Waddell,ot’tue University
of Georgia, on the subject of free tuition
in that Institution, from which we gather
the following '.affirmation : “The Trustees
having authorized the Faculty to admit,
without payment of tuition fees, merito
rious young men, of limited means, they
propose to increase the number of bene'
fioiarics to fifty. Tnere are now, as such,
in attendance at the University, under ap
pointment of the Faculty, twenty-seven
students. These appointments are intend
ed to ho limited to red.dents of the State,
who are not themselves, and whose pare. its
are not, inasituation t> incur the expon-.es
of their education at the University, with
out aid. Students thus appointed stand,
in all respects, except expense, as others,
enjojingequal privileges, and subject to the
same laws. Asa rcmuneiationto the State,
they will be expected to engage iu teach
ing in a public or .iv.it.j school, in Geor
gia, fora term oi \.a, ■ s ,j t„ the time
they may have enjoyed the advantages of
instruction at the University, ’lhe term
of appointment expires at the close of the
Collegiate year, with those who fail to ex
hibit due diligence,bat those who give evi
dence of capacity aud indu-try will be per
mitted to remain until the regular course
is completed. The applicant for appoint
ment should forward testimonials of good
moral character, and of capacity to profit
by the instruction at the University; stat
ing his age (which must be at least six
teen), and his tebidenee,with a full report of
the subjects beat have been studied by him.
It mUetalso he shown that neither he nor
his parents are able, without aid, to incur
the expense of his education. Next ses
sion there will he forty vacancies, which
the Faculty will fill, by appointment, on
the of August. Only one will be ap
pointed from a county. There are no
vacancies from the foilowiug counties :
Bibb, Clarke, Cobb, Fulton, Jefferson,
Monroe, Rabun, Richmond, Union. Ap
plications must be sent iu before the filß
of August.”